Verse 18

{ "verseID": "Numbers.14.18", "source": "יְהוָ֗ה אֶ֤רֶךְ אַפַּ֙יִם֙ וְרַב־חֶ֔סֶד נֹשֵׂ֥א עָוֺ֖ן וָפָ֑שַׁע וְנַקֵּה֙ לֹ֣א יְנַקֶּ֔ה פֹּקֵ֞ד עֲוֺ֤ן אָבוֹת֙ עַל־בָּנִ֔ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֖ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִֽים׃", "text": "*YHWH ʾerek ʾappayim wə-rab-ḥesed nōśēʾ ʿāwōn wā-pāšaʿ wə-naqqēh lōʾ yənaqqeh pōqēd ʿăwōn ʾābōt ʿal-bānîm ʿal-šillēšîm wə-ʿal-ribbēʿîm*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name, tetragrammaton", "*ʾerek*": "masculine singular construct - long/slow of", "*ʾappayim*": "masculine dual noun - nostrils/anger", "*wə-rab*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and abundant/great of", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - lovingkindness/steadfast love", "*nōśēʾ*": "participle, masculine singular, Qal form of *nśʾ* - bearing/carrying/forgiving", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity/guilt", "*wā-pāšaʿ*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and transgression/rebellion", "*wə-naqqēh*": "conjunction + Piel infinitive absolute of *nqh* - and clearing/acquitting", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yənaqqeh*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Piel form of *nqh* - he will clear/acquit", "*pōqēd*": "participle, masculine singular, Qal form of *pqd* - visiting/punishing", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity/guilt of", "*ʾābōt*": "masculine plural noun - fathers", "*ʿal-bānîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - upon sons/children", "*ʿal-šillēšîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - upon third generation", "*wə-ʿal-ribbēʿîm*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun - and upon fourth generation" }, "variants": { "*ʾerek ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering (lit: long of nostrils)", "*rab-ḥesed*": "abundant in lovingkindness/great in steadfast love", "*nōśēʾ*": "bearing/carrying/forgiving/lifting", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/sin/punishment for iniquity", "*pāšaʿ*": "transgression/rebellion/revolt", "*wə-naqqēh lōʾ yənaqqeh*": "by no means clearing the guilty/will certainly not acquit/yet not leaving unpunished", "*pōqēd*": "visiting/punishing/attending to", "*šillēšîm*": "third ones/third generation", "*ribbēʿîm*": "fourth ones/fourth generation" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Herren er sen til vrede og rik på miskunnhet, som tilgir skyld og lovbrudd, men som ikke lar den skyldige slippe ustraffet. Han straffer også barna for fedrenes synd, til tredje og fjerde generasjon.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Herren er langmodig og rik på barmhjertighet, som tilgir misgjerning og overtredelse, men lar slett ikke den skyldige slippe ustraffet, men hjemsøker fedrenes misgjerning på barn til tredje og fjerde slektsledd.

• Norsk King James

  «Herren er tålmodig og har stor nåde; han tilgir synd og overtredelse, men rettferdiggjør ikke den skyldige, og lar foreldres synd ramme barna inntil tredje og fjerde generasjon.»

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Herren er langmodig og rik på miskunn, som tilgir misgjerning og overtredelse, men lar ingen skyldig gå ustraffet, som hjemsøker fedrenes misgjerninger på barna til tredje og fjerde ledd.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  'Herren er langmodig og rik på kjærlighet, tilgir synd og forbrytelse, men unnskylder ingenting. Han holder fedrenes synd mot barna til tredje og fjerde generasjon.'

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Herren er langmodig og rik på miskunn, som tilgir synd og overtredelse, men lar ingen skyldig slippe ustraffet, som hjemsøker fedrenes misgjerning på barna til tredje og fjerde ledd.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  «For HERREN er langmodig og har stor miskunn; han tilgir ulydighet og overtredelser, og lar den skyldige ikke gå fri, men straffer fedrenes ugjerninger over barne- og barnebarnsgenerasjonene.»

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Herren er langmodig og rik på miskunn, som tilgir synd og overtredelse, men lar ingen skyldig slippe ustraffet, som hjemsøker fedrenes misgjerning på barna til tredje og fjerde ledd.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  ‘Herren er langmodig og rik på miskunn. Han tilgir skyld og opprør, men han lar den skyldige ikke slippe straff. Han hjemsøker fedres skyld på barn til tredje og fjerde ledd.’»

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  'The LORD is slow to anger, abundant in steadfast love, forgiving iniquity and rebellion; yet he does not leave the guilty unpunished, bringing the consequences of the fathers' iniquity upon the children to the third and fourth generation.'

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  'Herren er sen til vrede og rik på miskunn. Han tilgir skyld og synd, men han lar ingen ustraffet. Han hjemsøker fedrenes misgjerning på barn, til tredje og fjerde generasjon.'

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Herren er langmodig og af megen Miskundhed, som forlader Misgjerning og Overtrædelse, og som aldeles ikke skal holde (den Skyldige) for uskyldig at være, som hjemsøger Fædrenes Misgjerninger paa Børnene, paa dem i tredie og paa dem i fjerde (Led).

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  The LORD is longsuffering, and of great mercy, forgiving iniquity and transgression, and by no means clearing the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Herren er sen til vrede og rik på miskunn, han tilgir misgjerning og synd, men lar ingen skyldige være ustraffet, han gjengjelder fedrenes misgjerning på barna til tredje og fjerde generasjon.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  The LORD is longsuffering and of great mercy, forgiving iniquity and transgression, and by no means clearing the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children to the third and fourth generation.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  The LORD is longsuffering, and of great mercy, forgiving iniquity and transgression, and by no means clearing the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Herren er sen til vrede og rik på miskunn, tilgir synd og troløshet; men han klarer ikke helt å frita [den skyldige], og straffer fedrenes synder på barna, til tredje og fjerde ledd.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  'Herren er sen til vrede og rik på nåde. Han tilgir synd og overtramp, men lar ingen bli ustraffet, og straffer fedrenes misgjerning på barna i tredje og fjerde generasjon.'

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Herren er sen til vrede og rik på kjærlighet, tilgir misgjerning og overtredelse, men lar ikke den skyldige slippe ustraffet, besøker fedrenes misgjerning på barna til tredje og fjerde generasjon.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Herren er sen til vrede og rik på miskunn, tilgir synd og overtredelser, men etterlater ikke den skyldige ustraffet, men lar straffen for fedrenes synder komme over barna til tredje og fjerde generasjon.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  the Lorde is longe yet he be angrye ad full of mercy and suffereth synne and trespace and leaueth no man innocent and visiteth the vnryghtuousnesse of the fathers vppon ye childern eue vpo yt thirde and fourth generacion.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  The LORDE is of longe sufferaunce and of greate mercy, and forgeueth synne and trespace, and leaueth no man innocent, & vysiteth the my?dede of the fathers vpon the children in to the thirde and fourth generacion.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  The Lord is slowe to anger, and of great mercie, and forgiuing iniquitie, and sinne, but not making the wicked innocent, and visiting the wickednes of the fathers vpon the children, in the thirde and fourth generation:

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  The Lorde is long yer he be angrie, and of great mercy, and suffreth iniquitie and sinne, and leaueth no man innocent, and visiteth the vnrighteousnesse of the fathers vpon the chyldren, in the thirde and fourth generations.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  The LORD [is] longsuffering, and of great mercy, forgiving iniquity and transgression, and by no means clearing [the guilty], visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth [generation].

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Yahweh is slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness, forgiving iniquity and disobedience; and that will by no means clear [the guilty], visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children, on the third and on the fourth generation.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Jehovah `is' slow to anger, and of great kindness; bearing away iniquity and transgression, and not entirely acquitting, charging iniquity of fathers on sons, on a third `generation', and on a fourth; --

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Jehovah is slow to anger, and abundant in lovingkindness, forgiving iniquity and transgression; and that will by no means clear [the guilty], visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, upon the third and upon the fourth generation.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  The Lord is slow to wrath and great in mercy, overlooking wrongdoing and evil, and will not let wrongdoers go free; sending punishment on children for the sins of their fathers, to the third and fourth generation.

• World English Bible (2000)

  'Yahweh is slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness, forgiving iniquity and disobedience; and that will by no means clear [the guilty], visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children, on the third and on the fourth generation.'

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  ‘The LORD is slow to anger and abounding in loyal love, forgiving iniquity and transgression, but by no means clearing the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children until the third and fourth generations.’

Referenced Verses

• Exod 34:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.6", "source": "וַיַּעֲבֹ֨ר יְהוָ֥ה ׀ עַל־פָּנָיו֮ וַיִּקְרָא֒ יְהוָ֣ה ׀ יְהוָ֔ה אֵ֥ל רַח֖וּם וְחַנּ֑וּן אֶ֥רֶךְ אַפַּ֖יִם וְרַב־חֶ֥סֶד וֶאֱמֶֽת ׀", "text": "And *wayyaʿăḇōr* *YHWH* upon his face and *wayyiqrāʾ* *YHWH* *YHWH* *ʾēl* *raḥûm* and *ḥannûn*, *ʾerek* *ʾappayim* and *raḇ*-*ḥesed* and *ʾĕmet*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿăḇōr*": "waw consecutive + imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he passed/passed by", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he called/proclaimed", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/deity", "*raḥûm*": "adjective masculine singular - compassionate/merciful", "*ḥannûn*": "adjective masculine singular - gracious", "*ʾerek*": "construct state masculine singular - long of", "*ʾappayim*": "masculine dual noun - nostrils/anger", "*raḇ*": "adjective masculine singular construct - great/abundant of", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - steadfast love/kindness/mercy", "*ʾĕmet*": "feminine singular noun - truth/faithfulness" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿăḇōr*": "passed by/passed over/crossed over", "*ʾēl*": "God/Mighty One/deity", "*raḥûm*": "compassionate/merciful", "*ḥannûn*": "gracious/showing favor", "*ʾerek ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering", "*ḥesed*": "steadfast love/kindness/covenant faithfulness/mercy", "*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability" } } 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.7", "source": "נֹצֵ֥ר חֶ֙סֶד֙ לָאֲלָפִ֔ים נֹשֵׂ֥א עָוֺ֛ן וָפֶ֖שַׁע וְחַטָּאָ֑ה וְנַקֵּה֙ לֹ֣א יְנַקֶּ֔ה פֹּקֵ֣ד ׀ עֲוֺ֣ן אָב֗וֹת עַל־בָּנִים֙ וְעַל־בְּנֵ֣י בָנִ֔ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֖ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִֽים׃", "text": "*nōṣēr* *ḥesed* to the *ʾălāp̄îm*, *nōśēʾ* *ʿāwōn* and *p̄ešaʿ* and *ḥaṭṭāʾāh*; and *naqēh* not *yənaqeh*, *pōqēd* *ʿăwōn* *ʾāḇôt* upon *bānîm* and upon *bənê* *ḇānîm*, upon *šillēšîm* and upon *ribbēʿîm*.", "grammar": { "*nōṣēr*": "active participle masculine singular - keeping/preserving", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - steadfast love/kindness/mercy", "*ʾălāp̄îm*": "masculine plural noun - thousands", "*nōśēʾ*": "active participle masculine singular - bearing/carrying/forgiving", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity/guilt", "*p̄ešaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - transgression/rebellion", "*ḥaṭṭāʾāh*": "feminine singular noun - sin/error", "*naqēh*": "infinitive absolute (Piel) - clearing/acquitting", "*yənaqeh*": "imperfect 3rd masculine singular (Piel) - he will clear/acquit", "*pōqēd*": "active participle masculine singular - visiting/reckoning", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾāḇôt*": "masculine plural noun - fathers", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - children/sons", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*šillēšîm*": "masculine plural ordinal - third (generation)", "*ribbēʿîm*": "masculine plural ordinal - fourth (generation)" }, "variants": { "*nōṣēr*": "keeping/preserving/maintaining", "*ḥesed*": "steadfast love/kindness/covenant faithfulness/mercy", "*nōśēʾ*": "bearing/carrying/forgiving/lifting", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*p̄ešaʿ*": "transgression/rebellion/crime", "*ḥaṭṭāʾāh*": "sin/error/offense", "*naqēh lōʾ yənaqeh*": "by no means clearing the guilty/will not completely acquit", "*pōqēd*": "visiting/reckoning/punishing/attending to" } }
• Exod 20:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.5", "source": "לֹֽא־תִשְׁתַּחְוֶ֥֣ה לָהֶ֖ם֮ וְלֹ֣א תָעָבְדֵ֑ם֒ כִּ֣י אֽ͏ָנֹכִ֞י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵ֣ל קַנָּ֔א פֹּ֠קֵד עֲוֺ֨ן אָבֹ֧ת עַל־בָּנִ֛ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים לְשֹׂנְאָֽ֑י׃", "text": "*lōʾ-ṯishtaḥăweh lāhem wə-lōʾ ṯāʿāḇəḏēm kî ʾānōḵî YHWH ʾĕlōheḵā ʾēl qannāʾ pōqēḏ ʿăwōn ʾāḇōṯ ʿal-bānîm ʿal-shillēshîm wə-ʿal-ribēʿîm lə-śōnəʾāy*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ-ṯishtaḥăweh*": "negative particle + hishtaphel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not bow down", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*wə-lōʾ ṯāʿāḇəḏēm*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and you shall not serve them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾānōḵî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/YHWH", "*ʾĕlōheḵā*": "masculine plural noun construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾēl qannāʾ*": "masculine singular noun + adjective - jealous God", "*pōqēḏ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - visiting/punishing", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾāḇōṯ*": "masculine plural noun - fathers", "*ʿal-bānîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - upon children", "*ʿal-shillēshîm*": "preposition + masculine plural ordinal - upon third [generation]", "*wə-ʿal-ribēʿîm*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural ordinal - and upon fourth [generation]", "*lə-śōnəʾāy*": "preposition + qal participle plural construct with 1st singular suffix - to those hating me" }, "variants": { "*ṯishtaḥăweh*": "bow down/prostrate yourself/worship", "*ṯāʿāḇəḏēm*": "serve them/worship them/be enslaved to them", "*ʾēl qannāʾ*": "jealous God/zealous God/passionate God", "*pōqēḏ*": "visiting/punishing/attending to", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*lə-śōnəʾāy*": "to those who hate me/to my enemies" } }
• Jonah 4:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Jonah.4.2", "source": "וַיִּתְפַּלֵּ֨ל אֶל־יְהוָ֜ה וַיֹּאמַ֗ר אָנָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ הֲלוֹא־זֶ֣ה דְבָרִ֗י עַד־הֱיוֹתִי֙ עַל־אַדְמָתִ֔י עַל־כֵּ֥ן קִדַּ֖מְתִּי לִבְרֹ֣חַ תַּרְשִׁ֑ישָׁה כִּ֣י יָדַ֗עְתִּי כִּ֤י אַתָּה֙ אֵֽל־חַנּ֣וּן וְרַח֔וּם אֶ֤רֶךְ אַפַּ֙יִם֙ וְרַב־חֶ֔סֶד וְנִחָ֖ם עַל־הָרָעָֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yitpallēl* to-*YHWH* *wa-yōʾmar* *ʾānnāh* *YHWH* *hălôʾ*-this *dəbārî* while-*hĕyôtî* on-*ʾadmātî* *ʿal-kēn* *qiddamtî* *librōaḥ* *taršîšāh* *kî* *yādaʿtî* *kî* you *ʾēl-ḥannûn* *wə-raḥûm* *ʾerek* *ʾappayim* *wə-rab-ḥesed* *wə-niḥām* upon-*hārāʿāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-yitpallēl*": "conjunction + Hitpael imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he prayed", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*wa-yōʾmar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾānnāh*": "interjection - please/I pray", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - is not", "*dəbārî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my word/concern", "*hĕyôtî*": "Qal infinitive construct with 1st person suffix - my being", "*ʾadmātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person suffix - my land", "*ʿal-kēn*": "prepositional phrase - therefore/for this reason", "*qiddamtî*": "Piel perfect, 1st person singular - I hastened/anticipated", "*librōaḥ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to flee", "*taršîšāh*": "proper noun with directional suffix - to Tarshish", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yādaʿtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I knew", "*ʾēl-ḥannûn*": "noun construct + adjective - gracious God", "*wə-raḥûm*": "conjunction + adjective - and merciful", "*ʾerek*": "adjective construct - slow/long", "*ʾappayim*": "noun, dual form - of anger/nostrils", "*wə-rab-ḥesed*": "conjunction + adjective construct + noun - and abundant in lovingkindness", "*wə-niḥām*": "conjunction + Niphal participle, masculine singular - and relenting", "*hārāʿāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the evil/calamity" }, "variants": { "*dəbārî*": "my word/speech/concern/matter", "*qiddamtî*": "I anticipated/preemptively acted/hastened", "*ḥannûn*": "gracious/favorable/merciful", "*raḥûm*": "compassionate/merciful", "*ʾerek ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering", "*ḥesed*": "lovingkindness/steadfast love/mercy/faithfulness", "*niḥām*": "relenting/repenting/turning back from" } }
• Ps 145:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.145.8", "source": "חַנּ֣וּן וְרַח֣וּם יְהוָ֑ה אֶ֥רֶךְ אַ֝פַּ֗יִם וּגְדָל־חָֽסֶד", "text": "*Ḥannûn wᵊraḥûm YHWH*, *ʾereḵ ʾappayim* and *ûgᵊdāl-ḥāsed*", "grammar": { "*Ḥannûn*": "adjective masculine singular - gracious", "*wᵊraḥûm*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular - and compassionate", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ʾereḵ*": "adjective masculine singular construct - slow/long of", "*ʾappayim*": "noun masculine dual - anger (lit: nostrils)", "*ûgᵊdāl*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular construct - and great of", "*ḥāsed*": "noun masculine singular - steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*Ḥannûn*": "gracious/favorable/merciful", "*wᵊraḥûm*": "and compassionate/merciful", "*ʾereḵ ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/long-suffering", "*ûgᵊdāl-ḥāsed*": "and great in steadfast love/abundant in mercy/abounding in lovingkindness" } }
• Ps 103:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.103.8", "source": "רַח֣וּם וְחַנּ֣וּן יְהוָ֑ה אֶ֖רֶךְ אַפַּ֣יִם וְרַב־חָֽסֶד׃", "text": "*raḥûm* *wə*-*ḥannûn* *YHWH* *ʾerek* *ʾappayim* *wə*-abundant-*ḥāsed*", "grammar": { "*raḥûm*": "adjective masculine singular - merciful", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥannûn*": "adjective masculine singular - gracious", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾerek*": "adjective masculine singular construct - long of", "*ʾappayim*": "masculine dual noun - nostrils/anger", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥāsed*": "masculine singular noun with prefix *rab* (abundant) - abundant lovingkindness" }, "variants": { "*raḥûm*": "merciful/compassionate", "*ḥannûn*": "gracious/favorable", "*ʾerek* *ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering (literally: long of nostrils)", "*rab*-*ḥāsed*": "abundant in lovingkindness/great in mercy/abounding in steadfast love" } }
• Mic 7:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Micah.7.18", "source": "מִי־אֵ֣ל כָּמ֗וֹךָ נֹשֵׂ֤א עָוֺן֙ וְעֹבֵ֣ר עַל־פֶּ֔שַׁע לִשְׁאֵרִ֖ית נַחֲלָת֑וֹ לֹא־הֶחֱזִ֤יק לָעַד֙ אַפּ֔וֹ כִּֽי־חָפֵ֥ץ חֶ֖סֶד הֽוּא׃", "text": "Who is-*ʾēl* like you, *nōśēʾ* *ʿāwōn* and *ʿōbēr* upon-*pešaʿ* for-*šəʾērît* his *naḥălātô*? Not-*heḥĕzîq* forever his *ʾappô*, for-*ḥāpēṣ* *ḥesed* he.", "grammar": { "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/deity", "*kāmôkā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - like you", "*nōśēʾ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - bearing/forgiving", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿōbēr*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - passing over", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*pešaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - transgression", "*li-šəʾērît*": "preposition + feminine singular construct noun - for remnant of", "*naḥălātô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his inheritance", "*lō*": "negative particle - not", "*heḥĕzîq*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has retained/held", "*lā-ʿad*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - forever", "*ʾappô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his anger", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ḥāpēṣ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - delighting in", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - lovingkindness/steadfast love", "*hû*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he" }, "variants": { "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*nōśēʾ ʿāwōn*": "bearing iniquity/forgiving sin/carrying guilt", "*ʿōbēr ʿal-pešaʿ*": "passing over transgression/overlooking rebellion", "*šəʾērît naḥălātô*": "remnant of his inheritance/remainder of his heritage", "*heḥĕzîq lā-ʿad ʾappô*": "retained his anger forever/held onto his wrath", "*ḥāpēṣ ḥesed*": "delights in mercy/loves kindness/desires lovingkindness" } }
• Nah 1:2-3 : 2 { "verseID": "Nahum.1.2", "source": "אֵ֣ל קַנּ֤וֹא וְנֹקֵם֙ יְהוָ֔ה נֹקֵ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה וּבַ֣עַל חֵמָ֑ה נֹקֵ֤ם יְהוָה֙ לְצָרָ֔יו וְנוֹטֵ֥ר ה֖וּא לְאֹיְבָֽיו׃", "text": "*ʾĒl* *qannôʾ* *wə-nōqēm* *YHWH* *nōqēm* *YHWH* *û-baʿal* *ḥēmāh* *nōqēm* *YHWH* *lə-ṣārāyw* *wə-nôṭēr* *hûʾ* *lə-ʾōyəbāyw*", "grammar": { "*ʾĒl*": "absolute state, masculine, singular - God/deity", "*qannôʾ*": "adjective, masculine, singular - jealous/zealous", "*wə-nōqēm*": "conjunction + Qal participle, masculine, singular - and avenging", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*nōqēm*": "Qal participle, masculine, singular - avenging", "*û-baʿal*": "conjunction + construct state, masculine, singular - and lord/master/possessor of", "*ḥēmāh*": "absolute state, feminine, singular - wrath/fury", "*lə-ṣārāyw*": "preposition + noun + 3ms suffix - to/against his adversaries", "*wə-nôṭēr*": "conjunction + Qal participle, masculine, singular - and keeping/bearing", "*hûʾ*": "3ms personal pronoun - he", "*lə-ʾōyəbāyw*": "preposition + noun + 3ms suffix - to/against his enemies" }, "variants": { "*ʾĒl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*qannôʾ*": "jealous/zealous/passionate", "*nōqēm*": "avenging/taking vengeance", "*baʿal*": "lord/master/possessor/owner", "*ḥēmāh*": "wrath/fury/rage/hot anger", "*nôṭēr*": "keeping/bearing/maintaining/reserving [wrath]" } } 3 { "verseID": "Nahum.1.3", "source": "יְהֹוָ֗ה אֶ֤רֶךְ אַפַּ֙יִם֙ וּגְדָל־כֹּ֔חַ וְנַקֵּ֖ה לֹ֣א יְנַקֶּ֑ה יְהוָ֗ה בְּסוּפָ֤ה וּבִשְׂעָרָה֙ דַּרְכּ֔וֹ וְעָנָ֖ן אֲבַ֥ק רַגְלָֽיו׃", "text": "*YHWH* *ʾerek* *ʾappayim* *û-gədōl-kōaḥ* *wə-naqqēh* *lōʾ* *yənaqqeh* *YHWH* *bə-sûpāh* *û-biśʿārāh* *darkô* *wə-ʿānān* *ʾăbaq* *raglāyw*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾerek*": "construct state, masculine, singular - long/slow of", "*ʾappayim*": "dual form, nostrils/anger - anger/wrath", "*û-gədōl*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine, singular - and great of", "*kōaḥ*": "absolute state, masculine, singular - strength/power", "*wə-naqqēh*": "conjunction + Piel infinitive absolute - and clearing/acquitting", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yənaqqeh*": "Piel imperfect, 3ms - he will clear/acquit", "*bə-sûpāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular - in the whirlwind/storm", "*û-biśʿārāh*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine, singular - and in the tempest", "*darkô*": "noun + 3ms suffix - his way", "*wə-ʿānān*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular - and cloud", "*ʾăbaq*": "construct state, masculine, singular - dust of", "*raglāyw*": "noun, dual + 3ms suffix - his feet" }, "variants": { "*ʾerek* *ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering", "*gədōl-kōaḥ*": "great in power/mighty in strength", "*naqqēh* *lōʾ* *yənaqqeh*": "will by no means clear the guilty/will surely not acquit/will certainly not leave unpunished", "*sûpāh*": "whirlwind/storm/tempest", "*śʿārāh*": "tempest/storm/whirlwind", "*ʾăbaq*": "dust/powder/fine particles" } }
• Rom 3:24-26 : 24 { "verseID": "Romans.3.24", "source": "Δικαιούμενοι δωρεὰν τῇ αὐτοῦ χάριτι διὰ τῆς ἀπολυτρώσεως τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ:", "text": "*Dikaioumenoi dōrean tē autou chariti dia tēs apolytrōseōs tēs en Christō Iēsou*:", "grammar": { "*Dikaioumenoi*": "participle, present passive, nominative, masculine, plural - being justified", "*dōrean*": "adverb - freely/as a gift", "*tē autou chariti*": "article + pronoun + noun, dative, feminine, singular - by his grace", "*dia*": "preposition + genitive - through", "*tēs apolytrōseōs*": "article + noun, genitive, feminine, singular - the redemption", "*tēs en*": "article + preposition - which is in", "*Christō Iēsou*": "noun + noun, dative, masculine, singular - Christ Jesus" }, "variants": { "*Dikaioumenoi*": "being justified/being declared righteous/being made right", "*dōrean*": "freely/as a gift/without cost/gratuitously", "*chariti*": "grace/favor/kindness", "*apolytrōseōs*": "redemption/ransom/deliverance/liberation" } } 25 { "verseID": "Romans.3.25", "source": "Ὃν προέθετο ὁ Θεὸς ἱλαστήριον διὰ τῆς πίστεως ἐν τῷ αὐτοῦ αἵματι, εἰς ἔνδειξιν τῆς δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ διὰ τὴν πάρεσιν τῶν προγεγονότων ἁμαρτημάτων,", "text": "*Hon proetheto ho Theos hilastērion dia tēs pisteōs en tō autou haimati*, *eis endeixin tēs dikaiosynēs autou dia tēn paresin tōn progegonotōn hamartēmatōn*,", "grammar": { "*Hon*": "relative pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular - whom", "*proetheto*": "verb, aorist middle, 3rd person singular - set forth/purposed", "*ho Theos*": "article + noun, nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*hilastērion*": "noun, accusative, neuter, singular - propitiation/mercy seat", "*dia tēs pisteōs*": "preposition + article + noun, genitive, feminine, singular - through the faith", "*en tō autou haimati*": "preposition + article + pronoun + noun, dative, neuter, singular - in his blood", "*eis endeixin*": "preposition + noun, accusative, feminine, singular - for demonstration", "*tēs dikaiosynēs*": "article + noun, genitive, feminine, singular - of the righteousness", "*autou*": "pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of him", "*dia tēn paresin*": "preposition + article + noun, accusative, feminine, singular - because of the passing over", "*tōn progegonotōn*": "article + participle, perfect active, genitive, neuter, plural - of the previously committed", "*hamartēmatōn*": "noun, genitive, neuter, plural - of sins" }, "variants": { "*proetheto*": "set forth/purposed/displayed publicly/appointed", "*hilastērion*": "propitiation/mercy seat/place of atonement/sacrifice of atonement", "*dia tēs pisteōs*": "through faith/through the faith/by means of faith", "*endeixin*": "demonstration/showing/proof/display", "*paresin*": "passing over/overlooking/remission/forbearance", "*progegonotōn hamartēmatōn*": "previously committed sins/sins committed beforehand" } } 26 { "verseID": "Romans.3.26", "source": "ἐν τῇ ἀνοχῇ τοῦ Θεοῦ· ⋄Πρὸς ἔνδειξιν, τῆς δικαιοσύνης αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ νῦν καιρῷ: εἰς τὸ εἶναι αὐτὸν δίκαιον, καὶ δικαιοῦντα τὸν ἐκ πίστεως Ἰησοῦ.", "text": "*en tē anochē tou Theou*; *Pros endeixin*, *tēs dikaiosynēs autou en tō nyn kairō*: *eis to einai auton dikaion*, *kai dikaiounta ton ek pisteōs Iēsou*.", "grammar": { "*en tē anochē*": "preposition + article + noun, dative, feminine, singular - in the forbearance", "*tou Theou*": "article + noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*Pros endeixin*": "preposition + noun, accusative, feminine, singular - toward demonstration", "*tēs dikaiosynēs*": "article + noun, genitive, feminine, singular - of the righteousness", "*autou*": "pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of him", "*en tō nyn kairō*": "preposition + article + adverb + noun, dative, masculine, singular - in the present time", "*eis to einai*": "preposition + article + verb, present active infinitive - to be/that he might be", "*auton*": "pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular - he/him", "*dikaion*": "adjective, accusative, masculine, singular - just/righteous", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*dikaiounta*": "participle, present active, accusative, masculine, singular - justifying", "*ton ek pisteōs*": "article + preposition + noun, genitive, feminine, singular - the one of faith", "*Iēsou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of Jesus" }, "variants": { "*anochē*": "forbearance/patience/tolerance", "*endeixin*": "demonstration/showing/proof/display", "*nyn kairō*": "present time/current time/now", "*dikaion*": "just/righteous/right", "*dikaiounta*": "justifying/declaring righteous/making right", "*ton ek pisteōs Iēsou*": "the one who has faith in Jesus/the one who belongs to the faith of Jesus" } }
• Rom 5:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Romans.5.21", "source": "Ἵνα ὥσπερ ἐβασίλευσεν ἡ ἁμαρτία ἐν τῷ θανάτῳ, οὕτως καὶ ἡ χάρις βασιλεύσῃ διὰ δικαιοσύνης εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν.", "text": "In order that just as *ebasileusen* the *hamartia* in the *thanatō*, thus also the *charis basileus* through *dikaiosynēs* to *zōēn aiōnion* through *Iēsou Christou* the *Kyriou* of us.", "grammar": { "*ebasileusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - reigned/ruled", "*hamartia*": "nominative singular feminine - sin", "*thanatō*": "dative singular masculine - death", "*charis*": "nominative singular feminine - grace", "*basileus*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might reign/rule", "*dikaiosynēs*": "genitive singular feminine - righteousness", "*zōēn*": "accusative singular feminine - life", "*aiōnion*": "accusative singular feminine - eternal/everlasting", "*Iēsou Christou*": "genitive singular masculine - of Jesus Christ", "*Kyriou*": "genitive singular masculine - Lord" }, "variants": { "*ebasileusen*": "reigned/ruled/was king", "*hamartia*": "sin/wrongdoing/missing the mark", "*thanatō*": "death/mortality", "*charis*": "grace/favor/kindness", "*basileus*": "might reign/rule/be king", "*dikaiosynēs*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*zōēn aiōnion*": "eternal life/everlasting life", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/master/owner" } }
• Eph 1:7-8 : 7 { "verseID": "Ephesians.1.7", "source": "Ἐν ᾧ ἔχομεν τὴν ἀπολύτρωσιν διὰ τοῦ αἵματος αὐτοῦ, τὴν ἄφεσιν τῶν παραπτωμάτων, κατὰ τὸν πλοῦτον τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ·", "text": "In whom we *echomen* the *apolytrōsin* through the *haimatos* of him, the *aphesin* of the *paraptōmatōn*, according to the *plouton* of the *charitos* of him;", "grammar": { "*En*": "preposition governing dative - sphere/location", "*hō*": "relative pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - referring to *ēgapēmenō*", "*echomen*": "present active indicative, 1st plural - main verb", "*apolytrōsin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - direct object", "*dia*": "preposition governing genitive - means", "*haimatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - means", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive", "*aphesin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - in apposition to *apolytrōsin*", "*paraptōmatōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - objective genitive", "*kata*": "preposition governing accusative - standard/norm", "*plouton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - object of preposition", "*charitos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - possessive", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive" }, "variants": { "*echomen*": "have/possess/hold", "*apolytrōsin*": "redemption/ransom/deliverance", "*haimatos*": "blood", "*aphesin*": "forgiveness/remission/release", "*paraptōmatōn*": "trespasses/transgressions/offenses", "*plouton*": "riches/wealth/abundance", "*charitos*": "grace/favor/goodwill" } } 8 { "verseID": "Ephesians.1.8", "source": "Ἧς ἐπερίσσευσεν εἰς ἡμᾶς ἐν πάσῃ σοφίᾳ καὶ φρονήσει·", "text": "Which he *eperisseusen* unto us in all *sophia* and *phronēsei*;", "grammar": { "*Hēs*": "relative pronoun, genitive, feminine, singular - referring to *charitos*", "*eperisseusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - main verb", "*eis*": "preposition governing accusative - direction/recipient", "*hēmas*": "accusative, plural - object of preposition", "*en*": "preposition governing dative - sphere/manner", "*pasē*": "dative, feminine, singular - attributive", "*sophia*": "dative, feminine, singular - sphere/manner", "*phronēsei*": "dative, feminine, singular - sphere/manner" }, "variants": { "*eperisseusen*": "made abundant/caused to abound/lavished", "*sophia*": "wisdom/knowledge/understanding", "*phronēsei*": "prudence/insight/practical wisdom" } }
• Deut 5:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.9", "source": "לֹא־תִשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֥֣ה לָהֶ֖ם֮ וְלֹ֣א תָעָבְדֵ֑ם֒ כִּ֣י אָנֹכִ֞י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵ֣ל קַנָּ֔א פֹּ֠קֵד עֲוֺ֨ן אָב֧וֹת עַל־בָּנִ֛ים וְעַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים לְשֹׂנְאָֽ֑י", "text": "Not-*tištaḥăweh* to-them and-not *tāʿobdēm* *kî* *ʾānōkî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* *ʾēl* *qannāʾ* *pōqēd* *ʿăwōn* *ʾābôt* upon-*bānîm* and-upon-*šillēšîm* and-upon-*ribbēʿîm* to-*śōnəʾāy*", "grammar": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "Hishtaphel imperfect 2ms - you shall bow down", "*tāʿobdēm*": "Qal imperfect 2ms + 3mp suffix - you shall serve them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun 1cs - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 2ms suffix - your God", "*ʾēl*": "common noun, masculine singular - God/deity", "*qannāʾ*": "adjective masculine singular - jealous", "*pōqēd*": "Qal participle masculine singular - visiting", "*ʿăwōn*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾābôt*": "common noun, masculine plural - fathers", "*bānîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - children/sons", "*šillēšîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - third generation", "*ribbēʿîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - fourth generation", "*śōnəʾāy*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct + 1cs suffix - those hating me" }, "variants": { "*tištaḥăweh*": "you shall bow down/you shall prostrate yourself/you shall worship", "*tāʿobdēm*": "you shall serve them/you shall worship them/you shall be enslaved to them", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/divine being", "*qannāʾ*": "jealous/zealous/passionate", "*pōqēd*": "visiting/punishing/attending to", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*śōnəʾāy*": "those hating me/my enemies/those rejecting me" } }
• Jer 23:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.23.2", "source": "לָכֵן כֹּה־אָמַר יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל־הָרֹעִים הָרֹעִים אֶת־עַמִּי אַתֶּם הֲפִצֹתֶם אֶת־צֹאנִי וַתַּדִּחוּם וְלֹא פְקַדְתֶּם אֹתָם הִנְנִי פֹקֵד עֲלֵיכֶם אֶת־רֹעַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶם נְאֻם־יְהוָה", "text": "*Lākēn* *kōh*-*ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʿal*-*hārōʿîm* *hārōʿîm* *ʾet*-*ʿammî* *ʾattem* *hăp̄iṣōtem* *ʾet*-*ṣōʾnî* *wattaddîḥûm* *wəlōʾ* *pəqadtem* *ʾōtām* *hinənî* *p̄ōqēd* *ʿălêkem* *ʾet*-*rōaʿ* *maʿalləlêkem* *nəʾum*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*Lākēn*": "adverb - therefore/consequently", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "construct state - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿal*": "preposition - concerning/against", "*hārōʿîm*": "definite article + masculine plural participle - the shepherds", "*hārōʿîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - those who shepherd", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you", "*hăp̄iṣōtem*": "hiphil perfect 2nd masculine plural - you have scattered", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ṣōʾnî*": "feminine singular collective noun + 1st person singular suffix - my flock", "*wattaddîḥûm*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and you drove them away", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*pəqadtem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you have attended to/visited", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*hinənî*": "interjection + 1st person singular suffix - behold me/I am about to", "*p̄ōqēd*": "qal participle masculine singular - visiting/attending to", "*ʿălêkem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - upon you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*rōaʿ*": "noun masculine singular construct - evil of", "*maʿalləlêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your deeds/practices", "*nəʾum*": "construct state - declaration/utterance of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*pəqadtem*": "attended to/visited/taken care of/punished", "*p̄ōqēd*": "visiting/attending to/taking care of/punishing", "*rōaʿ*": "evil/wickedness/badness", "*maʿalləlêkem*": "your deeds/your practices/your actions" } }