Verse 6
{ "verseID": "Proverbs.27.6", "source": "נֶ֭אֱמָנִים פִּצְעֵ֣י אוֹהֵ֑ב וְ֝נַעְתָּר֗וֹת נְשִׁיק֥וֹת שׂוֹנֵֽא׃", "text": "*neʾĕmānîm piṣʿê ʾôhēb wĕnaʿtārôt nĕšîqôt śônēʾ*", "grammar": { "*neʾĕmānîm*": "niphal participle masculine plural - faithful/trustworthy", "*piṣʿê*": "masculine plural construct - wounds of", "*ʾôhēb*": "qal participle masculine singular - one who loves/friend", "*wĕnaʿtārôt*": "conjunction + niphal participle feminine plural - but abundant/deceitful", "*nĕšîqôt*": "feminine plural construct - kisses of", "*śônēʾ*": "qal participle masculine singular - one who hates/enemy" }, "variants": { "*neʾĕmānîm*": "faithful/trustworthy/reliable", "*piṣʿê*": "wounds/bruises/injuries", "*ʾôhēb*": "lover/friend/one who loves", "*naʿtārôt*": "abundant/deceitful/profuse/entreated", "*nĕšîqôt*": "kisses", "*śônēʾ*": "hater/enemy/one who hates" } }
Other Translations
GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk
Trofasthet sårer en venn, men kyssene fra en fiende er falske.
Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst
Trofaste er en venns sår; men en fiendes kyss er svikefulle.
Norsk King James
En venns sår er trofast; men et kyss fra en fiende er bedragersk.
Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866
Sår fra en venn er trofaste, men fiendens kyss kan man være foruten.
Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål
Sann er vennen som sårer, men fiendens kyss er mange.
Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611
Trofast er en venns sår; men en fiendes kyss er bedrag.
o3-mini KJV Norsk
En venns sår er trofaste, men en fiendes kyss er bedragersk.
En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)
Trofast er en venns sår; men en fiendes kyss er bedrag.
Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst
Troverdige er vennens sår, men fiendens kyss er i overflod.
Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts
Faithful are the wounds of a friend, but deceitful are the kisses of an enemy.
GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024
Sår fra en venn kan være pålitelige, men fiendens kyss er overdådige.
Original Norsk Bibel 1866
Saar af en Elsker ere trofaste, men Haderens Kys maa frabedes.
King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)
Faithful are the wounds of a friend; but the kisses of an enemy are deceitful.
KJV 1769 norsk
En venns sår er trofaste; men en fiendes kyss er falske.
KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk
Faithful are the wounds of a friend, but the kisses of an enemy are deceitful.
King James Version 1611 (Original)
Faithful are the wounds of a friend; but the kisses of an enemy are deceitful.
Norsk oversettelse av Webster
Trofast er en venns sår, men en fiendes kyss er mange.
Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation
Trofast er en venns sår, men en fiendes kyss er rikelige.
Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901
Trofaste er vennens sår, men fiendens kyss er mange.
Norsk oversettelse av BBE
En venns sår er gitt i god tro, men en fiendes kyss er falske.
Coverdale Bible (1535)
Faithfull are the woundes of a louer, but ye kysses of an enemie are disceatfull.
Geneva Bible (1560)
The wounds of a louer are faithful, and the kisses of an enemie are pleasant.
Bishops' Bible (1568)
Faythfull are the woundes of a louer: but the kysses of an enemie are cruell.
Authorized King James Version (1611)
Faithful [are] the wounds of a friend; but the kisses of an enemy [are] deceitful.
Webster's Bible (1833)
Faithful are the wounds of a friend; Although the kisses of an enemy are profuse.
Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)
Faithful are the wounds of a lover, And abundant the kisses of an enemy.
American Standard Version (1901)
Faithful are the wounds of a friend; But the kisses of an enemy are profuse.
Bible in Basic English (1941)
The wounds of a friend are given in good faith, but the kisses of a hater are false.
World English Bible (2000)
Faithful are the wounds of a friend; although the kisses of an enemy are profuse.
NET Bible® (New English Translation)
Faithful are the wounds of a friend, but the kisses of an enemy are excessive.
Referenced Verses
- Ps 141:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.141.5", "source": "יֶֽהֶלְמֵֽנִי־צַדִּ֨יק ׀ חֶ֡סֶד וְֽיוֹכִיחֵ֗נִי שֶׁ֣מֶן רֹ֭אשׁ אַל־יָנִ֣י רֹאשִׁ֑י כִּי־ע֥וֹד ו֝תְפִלָּתִ֗י בְּרָעוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*Yehelmēnî*-*ṣaddîq* *ḥesed* *wəyôkîḥēnî* [and let him rebuke me]; *šemen* *rō'š* not-*yānî* *rō'šî* [my head]; for-still *ûtəpillātî* [and my prayer] in-*rā'ôtêhem* [their evils].", "grammar": { "*Yehelmēnî*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he will strike me", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective, masculine singular - righteous/just", "*ḥesed*": "noun, masculine singular - kindness/lovingkindness", "*wəyôkîḥēnî*": "verb, hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix with waw consecutive - and let him rebuke me", "*šemen*": "noun, masculine singular construct - oil", "*rō'š*": "noun, masculine singular - head/chief/top", "*yānî*": "verb, hiphil jussive 3rd person masculine singular - let it refuse/deny", "*rō'šî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my head", "*ûtəpillātî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix with waw conjunction - and my prayer", "*rā'ôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their evils/calamities" }, "variants": { "*Yehelmēnî*": "let him strike me/let him wound me", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous one/just person", "*ḥesed*": "kindness/lovingkindness/mercy/favor", "*wəyôkîḥēnî*": "and let him rebuke me/and let him correct me", "*šemen*": "oil/fat/richness", "*rō'š*": "head/chief/top/choice oil", "*yānî*": "let it refuse/let it deny/let it break", "*rā'ôtêhem*": "their evils/their calamities/their wickedness" } }
- Job 5:17-18 : 17 { "verseID": "Job.5.17", "source": "הִנֵּ֤ה אַשְׁרֵ֣י אֱ֭נוֹשׁ יוֹכִחֶ֣נּֽוּ אֱל֑וֹהַּ וּמוּסַ֥ר שַׁ֝דַּ֗י אַל־תִּמְאָֽס׃", "text": "*hinnēh* *ʾašrê* *ʾĕnōš* *yōkiḥennû* *ʾĕlōah* *û*-*mûsar* *šadday* not-*timʾās*", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/lo", "*ʾašrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - happiness of/blessed is", "*ʾĕnōš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*yōkiḥennû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he corrects him", "*ʾĕlōah*": "noun, masculine singular - God", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*mûsar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - discipline of", "*šadday*": "noun, masculine singular - Almighty", "*timʾās*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you reject/despise" }, "variants": { "*ʾašrê*": "happiness of/blessed is/happy is", "*ʾĕnōš*": "man/mortal/mankind", "*yōkiḥennû*": "corrects him/reproves him/chastens him", "*ʾĕlōah*": "God/deity", "*mûsar*": "discipline/chastening/correction", "*šadday*": "Almighty/the Almighty One", "*timʾās*": "reject/despise/refuse" } } 18 { "verseID": "Job.5.18", "source": "כִּ֤י ה֣וּא יַכְאִ֣יב וְיֶחְבָּ֑שׁ יִ֝מְחַ֗ץ *וידו **וְיָדָ֥יו תִּרְפֶּֽינָה׃", "text": "*kî* *hûʾ* *yaḵʾîb* *wə*-*yeḥbāš* *yimḥaṣ* *wə*-*yādāyw* *tirpeynāh*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he", "*yaḵʾîb*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he causes pain", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yeḥbāš*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he binds up", "*yimḥaṣ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he wounds/crushes", "*yādāyw*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hands", "*tirpeynāh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they heal" }, "variants": { "*yaḵʾîb*": "causes pain/wounds/makes sore", "*yeḥbāš*": "binds up/bandages", "*yimḥaṣ*": "wounds/crushes/smites", "*tirpeynāh*": "heal/make whole" } }
- 2 Sam 12:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.12.7", "source": "וַיֹּ֧אמֶר נָתָ֛ן אֶל־דָּוִ֖ד אַתָּ֣ה הָאִ֑ישׁ כֹּה־אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אָנֹכִ֞י מְשַׁחְתִּ֤יךָֽ לְמֶ֙לֶךְ֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאָנֹכִ֥י הִצַּלְתִּ֖יךָ מִיַּ֥ד שָׁאֽוּל", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer nātān ʾel-dāwid ʾattāh hā-ʾîš kōh-ʾāmar YHWH ʾĕlōhê yiśrāʾēl ʾānōkî məšaḥtîkā lə-melek ʿal-yiśrāʾēl wə-ʾānōkî hiṣṣaltîkā mi-yad šāʾûl*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*nātān*": "proper noun - Nathan", "*ʾel-dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to David", "*ʾattāh*": "personal pronoun 2nd masculine singular - you", "*hā-ʾîš*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - has said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun 1st common singular - I", "*məšaḥtîkā*": "Qal perfect 1st common singular + suffix 2nd masculine singular - I anointed you", "*lə-melek*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - as king", "*ʿal-yiśrāʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - over Israel", "*wə-ʾānōkî*": "conjunction + personal pronoun 1st common singular - and I", "*hiṣṣaltîkā*": "Hiphil perfect 1st common singular + suffix 2nd masculine singular - I delivered you", "*mi-yad*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from the hand of", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul" }, "variants": { "*kōh-ʾāmar*": "thus says/this is what says (prophetic formula)", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of/deity of", "*ʾānōkî*": "emphatic form of 'I'", "*məšaḥtîkā*": "anointed you/consecrated you", "*hiṣṣaltîkā*": "delivered you/rescued you/saved you", "*mi-yad*": "from the hand of/from the power of" } } 8 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.12.8", "source": "וָאֶתְּנָ֨ה לְךָ֜ אֶת־בֵּ֣ית אֲדֹנֶ֗יךָ וְאֶת־נְשֵׁ֤י אֲדֹנֶ֙יךָ֙ בְּחֵיקֶ֔ךָ וָאֶתְּנָ֣ה לְךָ֔ אֶת־בֵּ֥ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וִֽיהוּדָ֑ה וְאִ֨ם־מְעָ֔ט וְאֹסִ֥פָה לְּךָ֖ כָּהֵ֥נָּה וְכָהֵֽנָּה", "text": "*wā-ʾettənāh ləkā ʾet-bêt ʾădōneykā wə-ʾet-nəšê ʾădōneykā bə-ḥêqekā wā-ʾettənāh ləkā ʾet-bêt yiśrāʾēl wî-hûdāh wə-ʾim-məʿāṭ wə-ʾōsipāh ləkā kāhēnnāh wə-kāhēnnāh*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾettənāh*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st common singular consecutive - and I gave", "*ləkā*": "preposition + suffix 2nd masculine singular - to you", "*ʾet-bêt*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - the house of", "*ʾădōneykā*": "noun, masculine plural construct + suffix 2nd masculine singular - your master", "*wə-ʾet-nəšê*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, feminine plural construct - and the wives of", "*ʾădōneykā*": "noun, masculine plural construct + suffix 2nd masculine singular - your master", "*bə-ḥêqekā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + suffix 2nd masculine singular - into your bosom", "*wā-ʾettənāh*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st common singular consecutive - and I gave", "*ləkā*": "preposition + suffix 2nd masculine singular - to you", "*ʾet-bêt*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - the house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wî-hûdāh*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Judah", "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*məʿāṭ*": "adjective, masculine singular - little/few", "*wə-ʾōsipāh*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 1st common singular cohortative - I would have added", "*ləkā*": "preposition + suffix 2nd masculine singular - for you", "*kāhēnnāh*": "adverbial expression - such and such", "*wə-kāhēnnāh*": "conjunction + adverbial expression - and such and such" }, "variants": { "*ʾădōneykā*": "your master/your lord (referring to Saul)", "*bə-ḥêqekā*": "into your bosom/into your possession/for your use", "*bêt yiśrāʾēl*": "house of Israel/kingdom of Israel", "*məʿāṭ*": "too little/not enough", "*kāhēnnāh wə-kāhēnnāh*": "much more/many more like these/yet more" } } 9 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.12.9", "source": "מַדּ֜וּעַ בָּזִ֣יתָ ׀ אֶת־דְּבַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה לַעֲשׂ֣וֹת הָרַע֮ *בעינו **בְּעֵינַי֒ אֵ֣ת אוּרִיָּ֤ה הַֽחִתִּי֙ הִכִּ֣יתָ בַחֶ֔רֶב וְאֶ֨ת־אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ לָקַ֥חְתָּ לְּךָ֖ לְאִשָּׁ֑ה וְאֹת֣וֹ הָרַ֔גְתָּ בְּחֶ֖רֶב בְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן", "text": "*maddûaʿ bāzîtā ʾet-dəbar YHWH la-ʿăśôt hā-raʿ bə-ʿênay ʾēt ʾûrîyāh ha-ḥittî hikkîtā ba-ḥereb wə-ʾet-ʾištô lāqaḥtā ləkā lə-ʾiššāh wə-ʾōtô hāragtā bə-ḥereb bənê ʿammôn*", "grammar": { "*maddûaʿ*": "interrogative adverb - why", "*bāzîtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have despised", "*ʾet-dəbar*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - the word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*la-ʿăśôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*hā-raʿ*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the evil", "*bə-ʿênay*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct + suffix 1st common singular - in my eyes", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾûrîyāh*": "proper noun - Uriah", "*ha-ḥittî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective, masculine singular - the Hittite", "*hikkîtā*": "Hiphil perfect 2nd masculine singular - you struck", "*ba-ḥereb*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - with the sword", "*wə-ʾet-ʾištô*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct + suffix 3rd masculine singular - and his wife", "*lāqaḥtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you took", "*ləkā*": "preposition + suffix 2nd masculine singular - for yourself", "*lə-ʾiššāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - as a wife", "*wə-ʾōtô*": "conjunction + direct object marker + suffix 3rd masculine singular - and him", "*hāragtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you killed", "*bə-ḥereb*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - by the sword of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʿammôn*": "proper noun - Ammon" }, "variants": { "*bāzîtā*": "despised/rejected/held in contempt", "*dəbar YHWH*": "word of YHWH/command of YHWH", "*bə-ʿênay*": "in my eyes/in my sight (alternative variant in text: *bə-ʿênô* - 'in his eyes')", "*hikkîtā*": "struck down/killed/caused to be killed", "*hāragtā*": "killed/murdered/slew", "*bə-ḥereb bənê ʿammôn*": "by the sword of the sons of Ammon/by the Ammonite sword" } } 10 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.12.10", "source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה לֹא־תָס֥וּר חֶ֛רֶב מִבֵּיתְךָ֖ עַד־עוֹלָ֑ם עֵ֚קֶב כִּ֣י בְזִתָ֔נִי וַתִּקַּ֗ח אֶת־אֵ֙שֶׁת֙ אוּרִיָּ֣ה הַחִתִּ֔י לִהְי֥וֹת לְךָ֖ לְאִשָּֽׁה", "text": "*wə-ʿattāh lōʾ-tāsûr ḥereb mi-bêtəkā ʿad-ʿôlām ʿēqeb kî bəzitānî wə-tiqqaḥ ʾet-ʾēšet ʾûrîyāh ha-ḥittî li-hyôt ləkā lə-ʾiššāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*lōʾ-tāsûr*": "negation + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - not will depart", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*mi-bêtəkā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + suffix 2nd masculine singular - from your house", "*ʿad-ʿôlām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - until forever/eternally", "*ʿēqeb*": "conjunction - because", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*bəzitānî*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular + suffix 1st common singular - you despised me", "*wə-tiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular consecutive - and you took", "*ʾet-ʾēšet*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the wife of", "*ʾûrîyāh*": "proper noun - Uriah", "*ha-ḥittî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective, masculine singular - the Hittite", "*li-hyôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to be", "*ləkā*": "preposition + suffix 2nd masculine singular - for you", "*lə-ʾiššāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - as a wife" }, "variants": { "*lōʾ-tāsûr ḥereb*": "the sword shall not depart/violence shall not cease", "*ʿad-ʿôlām*": "forever/perpetually/for all time", "*ʿēqeb kî*": "as a consequence of/because", "*bəzitānî*": "despised me/rejected me/held me in contempt" } } 11 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.12.11", "source": "כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה הִנְנִי֩ מֵקִ֨ים עָלֶ֤יךָ רָעָה֙ מִבֵּיתֶ֔ךָ וְלָקַחְתִּ֤י אֶת־נָשֶׁ֙יךָ֙ לְעֵינֶ֔יךָ וְנָתַתִּ֖י לְרֵעֶ֑יךָ וְשָׁכַב֙ עִם־נָשֶׁ֔יךָ לְעֵינֵ֖י הַשֶּׁ֥מֶשׁ הַזֹּֽאת", "text": "*kōh ʾāmar YHWH hinənî mēqîm ʿāleykā rāʿāh mi-bêtekā wə-lāqaḥtî ʾet-nāšeykā lə-ʿêneykā wə-nātattî lə-rēʿeykā wə-šākab ʿim-nāšeykā lə-ʿênê ha-šemeš ha-zōʾt*", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - says", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*hinənî*": "interjection + suffix 1st common singular - behold me/here I am", "*mēqîm*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - raising up", "*ʿāleykā*": "preposition + suffix 2nd masculine singular - against you", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - evil/disaster", "*mi-bêtekā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct + suffix 2nd masculine singular - from your house", "*wə-lāqaḥtî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st common singular - and I will take", "*ʾet-nāšeykā*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural construct + suffix 2nd masculine singular - your wives", "*lə-ʿêneykā*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct + suffix 2nd masculine singular - before your eyes", "*wə-nātattî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st common singular - and I will give", "*lə-rēʿeykā*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + suffix 2nd masculine singular - to your neighbor", "*wə-šākab*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he will lie", "*ʿim-nāšeykā*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct + suffix 2nd masculine singular - with your wives", "*lə-ʿênê*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct - before the eyes of", "*ha-šemeš*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the sun", "*ha-zōʾt*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*hinənî*": "behold I am/here I am (immediacy formula)", "*mēqîm*": "raising up/bringing/causing to arise", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity/trouble", "*rēʿeykā*": "your neighbor/your friend/your companion (euphemism for rival)", "*lə-ʿênê ha-šemeš ha-zōʾt*": "in the sight of this sun/in broad daylight/publicly" } } 12 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.12.12", "source": "כִּ֥י אַתָּ֖ה עָשִׂ֣יתָ בַסָּ֑תֶר וַאֲנִ֗י אֶעֱשֶׂה֙ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה נֶ֥גֶד כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וְנֶ֥גֶד הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ", "text": "*kî ʾattāh ʿāśîtā ba-ssāter wa-ʾănî ʾeʿĕśeh ʾet-ha-dābār ha-zeh neged kol-yiśrāʾēl wə-neged ha-ššāmeš*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾattāh*": "personal pronoun 2nd masculine singular - you", "*ʿāśîtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you did", "*ba-ssāter*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in secret", "*wa-ʾănî*": "conjunction + personal pronoun 1st common singular - but I", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "Qal imperfect 1st common singular - I will do", "*ʾet-ha-dābār*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, masculine singular - the thing", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*neged*": "preposition - before/in front of", "*kol-yiśrāʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - all Israel", "*wə-neged*": "conjunction + preposition - and before", "*ha-ššāmeš*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the sun" }, "variants": { "*ba-ssāter*": "in secret/in private/hidden", "*neged kol-yiśrāʾēl*": "before all Israel/in the sight of all Israel/publicly", "*neged ha-ššāmeš*": "before the sun/in broad daylight/openly" } } 13 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.12.13", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל־נָתָ֔ן חָטָ֖אתִי לַֽיהוָ֑ה ס וַיֹּ֨אמֶר נָתָ֜ן אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד גַּם־יְהוָ֛ה הֶעֱבִ֥יר חַטָּאתְךָ֖ לֹ֥א תָמֽוּת", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer dāwid ʾel-nātān ḥāṭāʾtî la-YHWH wə-yōʾmer nātān ʾel-dāwid gam-YHWH heʿĕbîr ḥaṭṭāʾtəkā lōʾ tāmût*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾel-nātān*": "preposition + proper noun - to Nathan", "*ḥāṭāʾtî*": "Qal perfect 1st common singular - I have sinned", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - against YHWH", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*nātān*": "proper noun - Nathan", "*ʾel-dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to David", "*gam*": "conjunction/particle - also", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*heʿĕbîr*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - has taken away", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtəkā*": "noun, feminine singular construct + suffix 2nd masculine singular - your sin", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tāmût*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will die" }, "variants": { "*ḥāṭāʾtî*": "I have sinned/I am guilty", "*heʿĕbîr*": "has taken away/has removed/has transferred", "*lōʾ tāmût*": "you will not die/you shall not be put to death" } } 14 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.12.14", "source": "אֶ֗פֶס כִּֽי־נִאֵ֤ץ נִאַ֙צְתָּ֙ אֶת־אֹיְבֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה בַּדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה גַּ֗ם הַבֵּ֛ן הַיִּלּ֥וֹד לְךָ֖ מ֥וֹת יָמֽוּת", "text": "*ʾepes kî-niʾēṣ niʾaṣtā ʾet-ʾōyəbê YHWH ba-ddābār ha-zzeh gam ha-bēn ha-yillôd ləkā môt yāmût*", "grammar": { "*ʾepes*": "noun/conjunction - nevertheless/however", "*kî*": "conjunction - because", "*niʾēṣ niʾaṣtā*": "Piel infinitive absolute + Piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have utterly scorned", "*ʾet-ʾōyəbê*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct - the enemies of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*ba-ddābār*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - by this thing", "*ha-zzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*gam*": "conjunction/particle - also", "*ha-bēn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the son", "*ha-yillôd*": "definite article + Niphal participle masculine singular - the one born", "*ləkā*": "preposition + suffix 2nd masculine singular - to you", "*môt yāmût*": "Qal infinitive absolute + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will surely die" }, "variants": { "*ʾepes*": "nevertheless/however/notwithstanding", "*niʾēṣ niʾaṣtā*": "you have utterly scorned/despised/blasphemed", "*ʾet-ʾōyəbê YHWH*": "the enemies of YHWH (there may be a textual issue here; some read 'you have given great occasion to the enemies of YHWH to blaspheme' or 'you have utterly despised YHWH')", "*môt yāmût*": "he will surely die/he must certainly die" } } 15 { "verseID": "2Samuel.12.15", "source": "וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ נָתָ֖ן אֶל־בֵּית֑וֹ וַיִּגֹּ֣ף יְהוָ֗ה אֶת־הַיֶּ֜לֶד אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָלְדָ֧ה אֵֽשֶׁת־אוּרִיָּ֛ה לְדָוִ֖ד וַיֵּאָנַֽשׁ׃", "text": "And *wə-yēlek* *Nātān* unto *bêtô* and *wə-yiggōp* *YHWH* the *yeled* which *yāldâ* *ʾēšet-ʾÛriyyâ* to *Dāwid* and *wə-yēʾānāš*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yēlek*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*Nātān*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Nathan", "*bêtô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house", "*wə-yiggōp*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he struck", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*yeled*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the child", "*yāldâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - she had borne", "*ʾēšet-ʾÛriyyâ*": "noun construct - wife of Uriah", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*wə-yēʾānāš*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he became sick" }, "variants": { "*wə-yiggōp*": "struck/afflicted/plagued", "*wə-yēʾānāš*": "became sick/grew ill/became mortal ill" } }
- 2 Sam 20:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.20.9", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יוֹאָב֙ לַעֲמָשָׂ֔א הֲשָׁל֥וֹם אַתָּ֖ה אָחִ֑י וַתֹּ֜חֶז יַד־יְמִ֥ין יוֹאָ֛ב בִּזְקַ֥ן עֲמָשָׂ֖א לִנְשָׁק־לֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *ʾāmar* *yôʾāv* to-*ʿămāśāʾ*, *hă*-*šālôm* you *ʾāḥ*-my? And *ʾāḥaz* *yad*-*yāmîn* *yôʾāv* in-*zāqān* *ʿămāśāʾ* to *nāšaq*-him.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab", "*ʿămāśāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amasa", "*hă*": "interrogative particle - is it?", "*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace/well", "*ʾāḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - my brother", "*ʾāḥaz*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and it seized", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*yāmîn*": "noun, feminine singular - right", "*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab", "*zāqān*": "noun, masculine singular construct - beard of", "*ʿămāśāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amasa", "*nāšaq*": "qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to kiss him" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/uttered", "*šālôm*": "peace/welfare/health/prosperity", "*ʾāḥ*": "brother/relative/kinsman", "*ʾāḥaz*": "seized/took hold/grasped", "*yad*": "hand/power/possession", "*yāmîn*": "right/right hand/south", "*zāqān*": "beard/chin", "*nāšaq*": "kiss/touch lips to" } } 10 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.20.10", "source": "וַעֲמָשָׂ֨א לֹֽא־נִשְׁמַ֜ר בַּחֶ֣רֶב ׀ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּיַד־יוֹאָ֗ב וַיַּכֵּהוּ֩ בָ֨הּ אֶל־הַחֹ֜מֶשׁ וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֨ךְ מֵעָ֥יו אַ֛רְצָה וְלֹא־שָׁ֥נָה ל֖וֹ וַיָּמֹ֑ת ס וְיוֹאָב֙ וַאֲבִישַׁ֣י אָחִ֔יו רָדַ֕ף אַחֲרֵ֖י שֶׁ֥בַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִֽי׃", "text": "And *ʿămāśāʾ* not-*šāmar* in the-*ḥerev* which in *yad*-*yôʾāv*, and *nāḵâ*-him with-it to-the-*ḥōmeš* and *šāpaḵ* *mēʿâw* *ʾarṣâ* and not-*šānâ* to-him and *mût*; and *yôʾāv* and *ʾăvîšay* *ʾāḥ*-his *rādap* *ʾaḥărê* *šebaʿ* *ben*-*bikrî*.", "grammar": { "*ʿămāśāʾ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amasa", "*šāmar*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he was not on guard", "*ḥerev*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the sword", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab", "*nāḵâ*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he struck him", "*ḥōmeš*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the belly/fifth rib", "*šāpaḵ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he poured out", "*mēʿâw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his intestines", "*ʾarṣâ*": "noun, feminine singular with directional he - to the ground", "*šānâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he repeated", "*mût*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he died", "*yôʾāv*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joab", "*ʾăvîšay*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abishai", "*ʾāḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*rādap*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he pursued", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*šebaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Sheba", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*bikrî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Bichri" }, "variants": { "*šāmar*": "was on guard/watched/was careful", "*nāḵâ*": "struck/hit/smote", "*ḥōmeš*": "belly/abdomen/fifth rib", "*šāpaḵ*": "poured out/spilled/shed", "*mēʿâw*": "intestines/bowels/inner parts", "*ʾarṣâ*": "to the ground/earthward/down", "*šānâ*": "repeated/struck again/did a second time", "*mût*": "died/expired" } }
- Prov 10:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Proverbs.10.18", "source": "מְכַסֶּ֣ה שִׂ֭נְאָה שִׂפְתֵי־שָׁ֑קֶר וּמוֹצִ֥א דִ֝בָּ֗ה ה֣וּא כְסִֽיל׃", "text": "*məkasseh* *śinʾāh* *śiptêy*-*šāqer* *û-môṣiʾ* *dibbāh* *hûʾ* *kəsîl*", "grammar": { "*məkasseh*": "Piel participle masculine singular - covering/concealing", "*śinʾāh*": "feminine singular noun - hatred", "*śiptêy*": "feminine dual construct - lips of", "*šāqer*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood/lie", "*û-môṣiʾ*": "conjunction + Hiphil participle masculine singular - and bringing forth", "*dibbāh*": "feminine singular noun - evil report/slander", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*kəsîl*": "masculine singular noun - fool" }, "variants": { "*məkasseh*": "covering/concealing/hiding", "*śinʾāh*": "hatred/enmity/hostility", "*śiptêy*": "lips/speech/language", "*šāqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*môṣiʾ*": "bringing forth/uttering/spreading", "*dibbāh*": "evil report/slander/defamation", "*kəsîl*": "fool/stupid person/simpleton" } }
- Prov 26:23-26 : 23 { "verseID": "Proverbs.26.23", "source": "כֶּ֣סֶף סִ֭יגִים מְצֻפֶּ֣ה עַל־חָ֑רֶשׂ שְׂפָתַ֖יִם דֹּלְקִ֣ים וְלֶב־רָֽע׃", "text": "*Kesef* *sigim* *metzuppeh* upon-*ḥares* *sefatayim* *doleqim* and-*lev*-*ra*.", "grammar": { "*kesef*": "noun, masculine, singular - silver", "*sigim*": "noun, masculine, plural - dross/refuse", "*metzuppeh*": "verb, Pual participle, masculine singular - overlaid", "*al*": "preposition - upon", "*ḥares*": "noun, masculine, singular - earthenware/pottery", "*sefatayim*": "noun, feminine, dual - lips", "*doleqim*": "verb, Qal participle, masculine plural - burning/fervent", "*ve*": "conjunction - and", "*lev*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - heart of", "*ra*": "adjective, masculine, singular - evil" }, "variants": { "*kesef*": "silver", "*sigim*": "dross/refuse/impure metal", "*metzuppeh*": "overlaid/plated/covered", "*ḥares*": "earthenware/pottery/clay vessel", "*sefatayim*": "lips/speech", "*doleqim*": "burning/fervent/smooth", "*lev*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*ra*": "evil/wicked/bad" } } 24 { "verseID": "Proverbs.26.24", "source": "*בשפתו **בִּ֭שְׂפָתָיו יִנָּכֵ֣ר שׂוֹנֵ֑א וּ֝בְקִרְבּ֗וֹ יָשִׁ֥ית מִרְמָֽה׃", "text": "With-*sefatav* *yinnaker* *sone*, and-in-*qirbo* *yashit* *mirmah*.", "grammar": { "*bi*": "preposition - with", "*sefatav*": "noun, feminine, dual with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his lips", "*yinnaker*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is recognized/disguises himself", "*sone*": "verb, Qal active participle, masculine singular - hater/enemy", "*uve*": "conjunction with preposition - and in", "*qirbo*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his midst/heart", "*yashit*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - puts/places", "*mirmah*": "noun, feminine, singular - deceit" }, "variants": { "*sefatav*": "his lips/his speech", "*yinnaker*": "is recognized/makes himself unrecognizable/disguises himself", "*sone*": "hater/enemy/one who hates", "*qirbo*": "his midst/his heart/his inner being", "*yashit*": "puts/places/sets", "*mirmah*": "deceit/treachery/fraud" } } 25 { "verseID": "Proverbs.26.25", "source": "כִּֽי־יְחַנֵּ֣ן ק֭וֹלוֹ אַל־תַּֽאֲמֶן־בּ֑וֹ כִּ֤י שֶׁ֖בַע תּוֹעֵב֣וֹת בְּלִבּֽוֹ׃", "text": "When-*yeḥannen* *qolo* not-*ta'amen*-in-him, for seven *to'evot* in-*libbo*.", "grammar": { "*ki*": "conjunction - when/for", "*yeḥannen*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - makes gracious", "*qolo*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his voice", "*al*": "negative particle - not", "*ta'amen*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - believe", "*bo*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in him", "*ki*": "conjunction - for", "*sheva*": "numeral, feminine, singular - seven", "*to'evot*": "noun, feminine, plural - abominations", "*be*": "preposition - in", "*libbo*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his heart" }, "variants": { "*yeḥannen*": "makes gracious/speaks graciously/makes pleasant", "*qolo*": "his voice/his speech", "*ta'amen*": "believe/trust", "*sheva*": "seven", "*to'evot*": "abominations/detestable things", "*libbo*": "his heart/his mind/his inner being" } } 26 { "verseID": "Proverbs.26.26", "source": "תִּכַּסֶּ֣ה שִׂ֭נְאָה בְּמַשָּׁא֑וֹן תִּגָּלֶ֖ה רָעָת֣וֹ בְקָהָֽל׃", "text": "*Tikkaseh* *sin'ah* in-*mashsha'on*, *tiggaleh* *ra'ato* in-*qahal*.", "grammar": { "*tikkaseh*": "verb, Hithpael imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - covers itself", "*sin'ah*": "noun, feminine, singular - hatred", "*be*": "preposition - in", "*mashsha'on*": "noun, masculine, singular - deception", "*tiggaleh*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will be revealed", "*ra'ato*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his evil", "*be*": "preposition - in", "*qahal*": "noun, masculine, singular - assembly" }, "variants": { "*tikkaseh*": "covers itself/hides/conceals itself", "*sin'ah*": "hatred/enmity", "*mashsha'on*": "deception/deceit/guile", "*tiggaleh*": "will be revealed/will be exposed", "*ra'ato*": "his evil/his wickedness/his malice", "*qahal*": "assembly/congregation/public gathering" } }
- Matt 26:48-50 : 48 { "verseID": "Matthew.26.48", "source": "Ὁ δὲ παραδιδοὺς αὐτὸν ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς σημεῖον, λέγων, Ὃν ἂν φιλήσω, αὐτός ἐστιν: κρατήσατε αὐτόν.", "text": "The *de* *paradidous* him *edōken* to them *sēmeion*, *legōn*, Whom *an* I shall *philēsō*, *autos* *estin*: *kratēsate* him.", "grammar": { "*paradidous*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - betraying/delivering over", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*edōken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - gave", "*sēmeion*": "accusative neuter singular - sign", "*legōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - saying", "*an*": "conditional particle - ever/would", "*philēsō*": "aorist active subjunctive, 1st person singular - I might kiss", "*autos*": "intensive pronoun, nominative masculine singular - he himself", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*kratēsate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person plural - seize/arrest" }, "variants": { "*paradidous*": "betrayer/one delivering over/traitor", "*sēmeion*": "sign/signal", "*philēsō*": "kiss/show affection", "*kratēsate*": "seize/arrest/take hold of" } } 49 { "verseID": "Matthew.26.49", "source": "Καὶ εὐθέως προσελθὼν τῷ Ἰησοῦ, εἶπεν, Χαῖρε, ῥαββί· καὶ κατεφίλησεν αὐτόν.", "text": "And *eutheōs* *proselthōn* to the *Iēsou*, *eipen*, *Chaire*, *rabbi*; and *katephilēsen* him.", "grammar": { "*eutheōs*": "adverb - immediately/at once", "*proselthōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having come to/approached", "*Iēsou*": "dative masculine singular - to Jesus", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - said/spoke", "*Chaire*": "present active imperative, 2nd person singular - rejoice/hail/greetings", "*rabbi*": "vocative - Rabbi/Teacher (transliteration of Hebrew term)", "*katephilēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - kissed earnestly/kissed intensely" }, "variants": { "*proselthōn*": "approaching/coming to", "*Chaire*": "greetings/hail/rejoice (formal greeting)", "*rabbi*": "my teacher/my master", "*katephilēsen*": "kissed fervently/kissed repeatedly (intensified form of *phileō*)" } } 50 { "verseID": "Matthew.26.50", "source": "Ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτῷ, Ἑταῖρε, ἐφʼ ᾦ πάρει; Τότε προσελθόντες, ἐπέβαλον τὰς χεῖρας ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰησοῦν, καὶ ἐκράτησαν αὐτόν.", "text": "The *de* *Iēsous* *eipen* to him, *Hetaire*, *eph' hō parei*? *Tote* *proselthontes*, *epebalon* the *cheiras* upon the *Iēsoun*, and *ekratēsan* him.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*Iēsous*": "nominative masculine singular - Jesus", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - said/spoke", "*Hetaire*": "vocative masculine singular - Friend/Companion", "*eph' hō parei*": "prepositional phrase + relative pronoun + present indicative, 2nd person singular - for what [purpose] are you present?", "*Tote*": "temporal adverb - then", "*proselthontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having approached", "*epebalon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - laid/put", "*cheiras*": "accusative feminine plural - hands", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative masculine singular - Jesus", "*ekratēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - seized/arrested" }, "variants": { "*Hetaire*": "friend/companion/comrade (can be ironic or genuine)", "*eph' hō parei*": "for what you are here?/do what you came for/why are you here?", "*epebalon*": "laid on/put upon/laid hold of", "*ekratēsan*": "seized/took hold of/arrested" } }
- Heb 12:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Hebrews.12.10", "source": "Οἱ μὲν γὰρ πρὸς ὀλίγας ἡμέρας κατὰ τὸ δοκοῦν αὐτοῖς ἐπαίδευον· ὁ δὲ ἐπὶ τὸ συμφέρον, εἰς τὸ μεταλαβεῖν τῆς ἁγιότητος αὐτοῦ.", "text": "They indeed for for *oligas hēmeras* according to the *dokoun* to them *epaideuon*; he but for the *sympheron*, unto the *metalabein* of the *hagiotētos* of him.", "grammar": { "*oligas*": "adjective, accusative, plural, feminine - few/little", "*hēmeras*": "noun, accusative, plural, feminine - days", "*dokoun*": "participle, present active, accusative, singular, neuter - seeming/thinking best", "*epaideuon*": "verb, imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - they were disciplining/training", "*sympheron*": "participle, present active, accusative, singular, neuter - being profitable/beneficial", "*metalabein*": "verb, aorist active infinitive - to partake/share", "*hagiotētos*": "noun, genitive, singular, feminine - of holiness" }, "variants": { "*dokoun*": "seeming/thinking best/appearing right", "*epaideuon*": "they were disciplining/training/instructing/chastening", "*sympheron*": "being profitable/beneficial/advantageous/helpful", "*metalabein*": "to partake/share/participate in" } }
- Rev 3:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Revelation.3.19", "source": "Ἐγὼ Ὅσους ἐὰν φιλῶ, ἐλέγχω καὶ παιδεύω: ζήλωσον οὖν, καὶ μετανόησον.", "text": "I *Hosous* if *philō*, *elenchō* and *paideuō*: *zēlōson* therefore, and *metanoēson*.", "grammar": { "*Hosous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, relative - as many as", "*philō*": "present active, 1st singular - I love", "*elenchō*": "present active, 1st singular - I rebuke/reprove", "*paideuō*": "present active, 1st singular - I discipline/train", "*zēlōson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - be zealous", "*metanoēson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - repent" }, "variants": { "*Hosous*": "as many as/whoever/all whom", "*philō*": "love/have affection for/cherish", "*elenchō*": "rebuke/reprove/expose/convict", "*paideuō*": "discipline/train/educate/correct", "*zēlōson*": "be zealous/earnest/eager", "*metanoēson*": "repent/change your mind/turn around in thinking" } }