Verse 19
{ "verseID": "Proverbs.6.19", "source": "יָפִ֣יחַ כְּ֭זָבִים עֵ֣ד שָׁ֑קֶר וּמְשַׁלֵּ֥חַ מְ֝דָנִ֗ים בֵּ֣ין אַחִֽים׃ פ", "text": "*yāpîaḥ* *kəzāvîm* *ʿēd* *šāqer* and-*məšallēaḥ* *mədānîm* between *ʾaḥîm*", "grammar": { "*yāpîaḥ*": "verb, hiphil participle masculine singular - breathing out/uttering", "*kəzāvîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lies", "*ʿēd*": "noun, masculine singular - witness", "*šāqer*": "noun, masculine singular - falsehood/lie", "*məšallēaḥ*": "verb, piel participle masculine singular - sending out/causing", "*mədānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - strifes/contentions", "*ʾaḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural - brothers" }, "variants": { "*yāpîaḥ*": "breathing out/uttering/puffing out", "*kəzāvîm*": "lies/falsehoods/untruths", "*mədānîm*": "strifes/contentions/quarrels" } }
Other Translations
GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk
Et falskt vitne som lyver, og den som skaper splid blant brødre.
Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst
et falskt vitne som utånder løgner, og den som sår splid blant brødre.
Norsk King James
Et falskt vitne som taler løgner, og han som sprer strid blant brødre.
Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866
et falskt vitne som taler mye løgn, og den som sprer strid mellom brødre.
Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål
et falskt vitne som utånder løgn og en som sår splid mellom brødre.
Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611
Et falskt vitne som taler løgner, og den som sår splid blant brødre.
o3-mini KJV Norsk
et falskt vitne som avlegger løgn, og den som sår splid blant brødre.
En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)
Et falskt vitne som taler løgner, og den som sår splid blant brødre.
Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst
en falsk vitne som fremfører løgner og den som sår uenighet blant brødre.
Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts
a false witness who pours out lies, and one who stirs up conflict among brothers.
GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024
et falskt vitne som utånder løgner, og den som fremmer strid blant brødre.
Original Norsk Bibel 1866
et falskt Vidne, som udblæser (megen) Løgn, og den, som kommer Trætter afsted imellem Brødre.
King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)
A false witness that speaketh lies, and he that soweth discord among brethren.
KJV 1769 norsk
Et falskt vitne som sprer løgner, og den som sår splid blant brødre.
KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk
A false witness who speaks lies, and one who sows discord among brethren.
King James Version 1611 (Original)
A false witness that speaketh lies, and he that soweth discord among brethren.
Norsk oversettelse av Webster
et falskt vitne som sprer løgner, og den som sår splid blant brødre.
Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation
Et falskt vitne som sprer løgner - Og en som sår strid mellom brødre.
Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901
Et falskt vitne som utgyter løgner, og den som sår splid blant brødre.
Norsk oversettelse av BBE
Et falskt vitne som puster ut løgner, og en som sprer vold blant brødre.
Coverdale Bible (1535)
a false wytnesse yt bringeth vp lyes, & soch one as soweth discorde amonge brethren.
Geneva Bible (1560)
A false witnesse that speaketh lyes, and him that rayseth vp contentions among brethren.
Bishops' Bible (1568)
A false witnesse that bringeth vp lyes, and hym that soweth discorde among brethren.
Authorized King James Version (1611)
A false witness [that] speaketh lies, and he that soweth discord among brethren.
Webster's Bible (1833)
A false witness who utters lies, And he who sows discord among brothers.
Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)
A false witness `who' doth breathe out lies -- And one sending forth contentions between brethren.
American Standard Version (1901)
A false witness that uttereth lies, And he that soweth discord among brethren.
Bible in Basic English (1941)
A false witness, breathing out untrue words, and one who lets loose violent acts among brothers.
World English Bible (2000)
a false witness who utters lies, and he who sows discord among brothers.
NET Bible® (New English Translation)
a false witness who pours out lies, and a person who spreads discord among family members.
Referenced Verses
- Ps 27:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.27.12", "source": "אַֽל־תִּ֭תְּנֵנִי בְּנֶ֣פֶשׁ צָרָ֑י כִּ֥י קָֽמוּ־בִ֥י עֵֽדֵי־שֶׁ֝֗קֶר וִיפֵ֥חַ חָמָֽס׃", "text": "*ʾal*-*tittənēnî* *bə-nepeš* *ṣārāy* *kî* *qāmû*-*bî* *ʿēdê*-*šeqer* *wî-pēaḥ* *ḥāmās*", "grammar": { "*ʾal*": "negative particle with jussive - do not", "*tittənēnî*": "qal jussive 2nd person masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - give me", "*bə-nepeš*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - to the desire/soul of", "*ṣārāy*": "noun masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my adversaries", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*qāmû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they have risen", "*bî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - against me", "*ʿēdê*": "noun masculine plural construct - witnesses of", "*šeqer*": "noun masculine singular - falsehood", "*wî-pēaḥ*": "conjunction + qal participle masculine singular construct - and one who breathes out", "*ḥāmās*": "noun masculine singular - violence" }, "variants": { "*tittənēnî*": "give me over/deliver me/surrender me", "*nepeš*": "soul/desire/life/will/appetite", "*ṣārāy*": "my adversaries/foes/enemies/oppressors", "*qāmû*": "they have risen/stood up/established themselves", "*ʿēdê*": "witnesses/testifiers", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*pēaḥ*": "one who breathes out/puffs/blows", "*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/cruelty/injustice" } }
- Prov 6:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.14", "source": "תַּֽהְפֻּכ֨וֹת ׀ בְּלִבּ֗וֹ חֹרֵ֣שׁ רָ֣ע בְּכָל־עֵ֑ת *מדנים **מִדְיָנִ֥ים יְשַׁלֵּֽחַ׃", "text": "*tahpuḵôt* in-*libbô* *ḥōrēš* *rāʿ* in-all-*ʿēt* *midyānîm* *yəšallēaḥ*", "grammar": { "*tahpuḵôt*": "noun, feminine plural - perversities/perverse things", "*libbô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*ḥōrēš*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - plowing/devising", "*rāʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - evil/wickedness", "*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular - time", "*midyānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - strifes/contentions", "*yəšallēaḥ*": "verb, piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he sends out/spreads" }, "variants": { "*tahpuḵôt*": "perversities/perverse things/frowardness", "*ḥōrēš*": "plowing/devising/plotting", "*rāʿ*": "evil/wickedness/harm", "*midyānîm*": "strifes/contentions/disputes" } }
- Prov 19:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Proverbs.19.5", "source": "עֵ֣ד שְׁ֭קָרִים לֹ֣א יִנָּקֶ֑ה וְיָפִ֥יחַ כְּ֝זָבִ֗ים לֹ֣א יִמָּלֵֽט׃", "text": "*ʿēd* *šəqārîm* not *yinnāqeh* and *yāpîaḥ* *kəzābîm* not *yimmālēṭ*.", "grammar": { "*ʿēd*": "noun, masculine singular - witness", "*šəqārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lies/falsehoods", "*yinnāqeh*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will be unpunished/acquitted", "*yāpîaḥ*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine singular - breathing out/uttering", "*kəzābîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lies/falsehoods", "*yimmālēṭ*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will escape/be delivered" }, "variants": { "*ʿēd*": "witness/testimony", "*šəqārîm*": "lies/falsehoods/deceptions", "*yinnāqeh*": "will be unpunished/will go free/will be acquitted", "*yāpîaḥ*": "one who breathes out/utters/speaks", "*kəzābîm*": "lies/falsehoods/deceptions", "*yimmālēṭ*": "will escape/will be delivered/will get away" } }
- Prov 19:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Proverbs.19.9", "source": "עֵ֣ד שְׁ֭קָרִים לֹ֣א יִנָּקֶ֑ה וְיָפִ֖יחַ כְּזָבִ֣ים יֹאבֵֽד׃", "text": "*ʿēd* *šəqārîm* not *yinnāqeh* and *yāpîaḥ* *kəzābîm* *yōʾbēd*.", "grammar": { "*ʿēd*": "noun, masculine singular - witness", "*šəqārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lies/falsehoods", "*yinnāqeh*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will be unpunished/acquitted", "*yāpîaḥ*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine singular - breathing out/uttering", "*kəzābîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lies/falsehoods", "*yōʾbēd*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will perish/be destroyed" }, "variants": { "*ʿēd*": "witness/testimony", "*šəqārîm*": "lies/falsehoods/deceptions", "*yinnāqeh*": "will be unpunished/will go free/will be acquitted", "*yāpîaḥ*": "one who breathes out/utters/speaks", "*kəzābîm*": "lies/falsehoods/deceptions", "*yōʾbēd*": "will perish/be destroyed/be lost" } }
- Prov 12:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Proverbs.12.17", "source": "יָפִ֣יחַ אֱ֭מוּנָה יַגִּ֣יד צֶ֑דֶק וְעֵ֖ד שְׁקָרִ֣ים מִרְמָֽה׃", "text": "*yāp̄îaḥ* *ʾĕmûnāh* *yaggîḏ* *ṣeḏeq* *wəʿēḏ* *šəqārîm* *mirmāh*", "grammar": { "*yāp̄îaḥ*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine singular construct - one who utters/breathes out", "*ʾĕmûnāh*": "noun, feminine singular - faithfulness/truth", "*yaggîḏ*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - declares/tells", "*ṣeḏeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness/justice", "*wəʿēḏ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and witness of", "*šəqārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lies/falsehoods", "*mirmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - deceit" }, "variants": { "*yāp̄îaḥ*": "one who utters/breathes out/speaks forth", "*ʾĕmûnāh*": "faithfulness/truth/trustworthiness", "*yaggîḏ*": "declares/tells/speaks", "*ṣeḏeq*": "righteousness/justice/what is right", "*ʿēḏ*": "witness/testimony", "*šeqer*": "lies/falsehoods/deception", "*mirmāh*": "deceit/treachery/fraud" } }
- Prov 25:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Proverbs.25.18", "source": "מֵפִ֣יץ וְ֭חֶרֶב וְחֵ֣ץ שָׁנ֑וּן אִ֥ישׁ עֹנֶ֥ה בְ֝רֵעֵ֗הוּ עֵ֣ד שָֽׁקֶר׃", "text": "*mēpîṣ* and-*ḥereb* and-*ḥēṣ* *šānûn* *ʾîš* *ʿōneh* against-*rēʿēhû* *ʿēd* *šāqer*", "grammar": { "*mēpîṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - club/mace", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - arrow", "*šānûn*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - sharpened", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*ʿōneh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - testifying", "*bĕ*": "preposition - against", "*rēʿēhû*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his neighbor", "*ʿēd*": "noun, masculine singular construct - witness of", "*šāqer*": "noun, masculine singular - falsehood" }, "variants": { "*mēpîṣ*": "club/mace/hammer/maul", "*ḥereb*": "sword/knife", "*ḥēṣ*": "arrow/shaft", "*šānûn*": "sharpened/pointed", "*ʿōneh*": "testifying/answering/responding", "*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/his friend/his companion", "*ʿēd*": "witness/testimony", "*šāqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception" } }
- Prov 26:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Proverbs.26.20", "source": "בְּאֶ֣פֶס עֵ֭צִים תִּכְבֶּה־אֵ֑שׁ וּבְאֵ֥ין נִ֝רְגָּ֗ן יִשְׁתֹּ֥ק מָדֽוֹן׃", "text": "In-*efes* *etzim* *tikhbeh*-*esh*, and-in-absence-of *nirgan* *yishtoq* *madon*.", "grammar": { "*be*": "preposition - in", "*efes*": "noun, masculine, singular - ceasing/end of", "*etzim*": "noun, masculine, plural - wood/trees", "*tikhbeh*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - goes out", "*esh*": "noun, feminine, singular - fire", "*uve'ein*": "conjunction with preposition and construct particle - and in absence of", "*nirgan*": "verb, Niphal participle, masculine singular - whisperer/talebearer", "*yishtoq*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - ceases", "*madon*": "noun, masculine, singular - strife/contention" }, "variants": { "*efes*": "ceasing/end/no more", "*etzim*": "wood/timber/trees", "*tikhbeh*": "goes out/is extinguished", "*esh*": "fire", "*ein*": "there is not/absence of", "*nirgan*": "whisperer/talebearer/gossip", "*yishtoq*": "ceases/quiets down/is stilled", "*madon*": "strife/contention/quarreling" } }
- Matt 15:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Matthew.15.19", "source": "Ἐκ γὰρ τῆς καρδίας ἐξέρχονται διαλογισμοὶ πονηροί, φόνοι, μοιχεῖαι, πορνεῖαι, κλοπαί, ψευδομαρτυρίαι, βλασφημίαι:", "text": "Out for of the *kardias* *exerchontai* *dialogismoi* *ponēroi*, *phonoi*, *moicheiai*, *porneiai*, *klopai*, *pseudomarturiai*, *blasphēmiai*:", "grammar": { "*Ek gar*": "for out of", "*tēs kardias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - the heart", "*exerchontai*": "present, indicative, middle, 3rd person plural - come out", "*dialogismoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - thoughts/reasonings", "*ponēroi*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - evil", "*phonoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - murders", "*moicheiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - adulteries", "*porneiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - fornications/sexual immoralities", "*klopai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - thefts", "*pseudomarturiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - false testimonies", "*blasphēmiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - blasphemies/slanders" }, "variants": { "*kardias*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*exerchontai*": "come out/go forth/proceed", "*dialogismoi*": "thoughts/reasonings/deliberations", "*ponēroi*": "evil/wicked/malicious", "*phonoi*": "murders/killings", "*moicheiai*": "adulteries/marital unfaithfulness", "*porneiai*": "fornications/sexual immoralities", "*klopai*": "thefts/stealing", "*pseudomarturiai*": "false testimonies/perjuries", "*blasphēmiai*": "blasphemies/slanders/abusive speech" } }
- Matt 26:59 : 59 { "verseID": "Matthew.26.59", "source": "Οἱ δὲ ἀρχιερεῖς, καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι, καὶ τὸ συνέδριον, ὅλον ἐζήτουν ψευδομαρτυρίαν κατὰ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ, ὅπως αὐτὸν θανατώσωσιν·", "text": "The *de* *archiereis*, and the *presbyteroi*, and the *synedrion*, *holon* *ezētoun* *pseudomartyrian* *kata* the *Iēsou*, *hopōs* him *thanatōsōsin*;", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*archiereis*": "nominative masculine plural - chief priests", "*presbyteroi*": "nominative masculine plural - elders", "*synedrion*": "nominative neuter singular - council/Sanhedrin", "*holon*": "nominative neuter singular - whole/entire", "*ezētoun*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were seeking", "*pseudomartyrian*": "accusative feminine singular - false testimony", "*kata*": "preposition + genitive - against", "*Iēsou*": "genitive masculine singular - of Jesus", "*hopōs*": "subordinating conjunction - so that/in order that", "*thanatōsōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they might put to death" }, "variants": { "*archiereis*": "chief priests/high priests", "*synedrion*": "Sanhedrin/council (Jewish ruling body)", "*ezētoun*": "were seeking/were looking for (continuous action)", "*pseudomartyrian*": "false testimony/false witness", "*thanatōsōsin*": "might put to death/might execute" } }
- Acts 6:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Acts.6.13", "source": "Ἔστησάν τε μάρτυρας ψευδεῖς, λέγοντας, Ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὗτος οὐ παύεται ῥήματα βλάσφημα λαλῶν κατὰ τοῦ τόπου τοῦ ἁγίου τούτου, καὶ τοῦ νόμου:", "text": "*Estēsan* *te* *martyras* *pseudeis*, *legontas*, The *anthrōpos* this not *pauetai* *rēmata* *blasphēma* *lalōn* *kata* the *topou* the *hagiou* this, and the *nomou*:", "grammar": { "*Estēsan*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, plural - set up/placed/presented", "*te*": "conjunction, connective - and/also", "*martyras*": "accusative, masculine, plural - witnesses", "*pseudeis*": "accusative, masculine, plural, adjective - false/lying", "*legontas*": "present, active, participle, accusative, masculine, plural - saying", "*anthrōpos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - man/person", "*pauetai*": "present, middle, indicative, 3rd person, singular - ceases/stops", "*rēmata*": "accusative, neuter, plural - words/sayings", "*blasphēma*": "accusative, neuter, plural, adjective - blasphemous", "*lalōn*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - speaking", "*kata*": "preposition + genitive - against", "*topou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - place", "*hagiou*": "genitive, masculine, singular, adjective - holy", "*nomou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - law" }, "variants": { "*Estēsan*": "set up/placed/presented/put forward", "*martyras*": "witnesses/testifiers", "*pseudeis*": "false/lying/untrue", "*legontas*": "saying/declaring/stating", "*anthrōpos*": "man/person/human", "*pauetai*": "ceases/stops/desists", "*rēmata*": "words/sayings/statements", "*blasphēma*": "blasphemous/slanderous/defaming", "*lalōn*": "speaking/talking/uttering", "*topou*": "place/location/temple", "*hagiou*": "holy/sacred", "*nomou*": "law/Torah" } }
- 2 Tim 2:23 : 23 { "verseID": "2 Timothy.2.23", "source": "Τὰς δὲ μωρὰς καὶ ἀπαιδεύτους ζητήσεις παραιτοῦ, εἰδὼς ὅτι γεννῶσι μάχας.", "text": "The *de mōras kai apaideutous zētēseis paraitou*, *eidōs hoti gennōsi machas*.", "grammar": { "*Tas*": "definite article, accusative, feminine, plural - the", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*mōras*": "accusative, feminine, plural, adjective - foolish", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*apaideutous*": "accusative, feminine, plural, adjective - ignorant", "*zētēseis*": "accusative, feminine, plural - controversies", "*paraitou*": "present, imperative, middle, 2nd singular - refuse", "*eidōs*": "perfect, participle, active, nominative, masculine, singular - knowing", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*gennōsi*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd plural - they breed", "*machas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - quarrels" }, "variants": { "*mōras*": "foolish/stupid/senseless", "*apaideutous*": "ignorant/uninstructed/undisciplined", "*zētēseis*": "controversies/debates/disputes", "*paraitou*": "refuse/avoid/reject", "*eidōs*": "knowing/understanding/being aware", "*gennōsi*": "they breed/generate/produce", "*machas*": "quarrels/fights/conflicts" } }
- Jas 3:14-16 : 14 { "verseID": "James.3.14", "source": "Εἰ δὲ ζῆλον πικρὸν ἔχετε καὶ ἐριθείαν ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ ὑμῶν, μὴ κατακαυχᾶσθε, καὶ ψεύδεσθε κατὰ τῆς ἀληθείας.", "text": "If *de* *zēlon* *pikron* you *echete* and *eritheian* in the *kardia* of you, *mē* *katakauchāsthe*, and *pseudesthe* against the *alētheias*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*zēlon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - jealousy/zeal", "*pikron*": "accusative, masculine, singular - bitter", "*echete*": "present indicative, active, 2nd plural - you have", "*eritheian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - selfish ambition/rivalry", "*kardia*": "dative, feminine, singular - heart", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*katakauchāsthe*": "present imperative, middle, 2nd plural - boast/glory", "*pseudesthe*": "present imperative, middle, 2nd plural - lie/speak falsely", "*alētheias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - truth" }, "variants": { "*zēlon*": "jealousy/zeal/envy", "*pikron*": "bitter/harsh", "*eritheian*": "selfish ambition/rivalry/strife", "*kardia*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*katakauchāsthe*": "boast/glory/pride yourselves", "*pseudesthe*": "lie/speak falsely/deceive", "*alētheias*": "truth/reality" } } 15 { "verseID": "James.3.15", "source": "Οὐκ ἔστιν αὕτη ἡ σοφία ἄνωθεν κατερχομένη, ἀλλʼ ἐπίγειος, ψυχική, δαιμονιώδης.", "text": "Not *estin* this the *sophia* from *anōthen* *katerchomenē*, but *epigeios*, *psychikē*, *daimoniōdēs*.", "grammar": { "*estin*": "present indicative, active, 3rd singular - is", "*sophia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - wisdom", "*anōthen*": "adverb - from above/from the beginning", "*katerchomenē*": "present participle, middle, nominative, feminine, singular - coming down", "*epigeios*": "nominative, feminine, singular - earthly/worldly", "*psychikē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - natural/unspiritual", "*daimoniōdēs*": "nominative, feminine, singular - demonic" }, "variants": { "*sophia*": "wisdom/skill/knowledge", "*anōthen*": "from above/from heaven/from God", "*katerchomenē*": "coming down/descending", "*epigeios*": "earthly/worldly/terrestrial", "*psychikē*": "natural/unspiritual/belonging to the soul", "*daimoniōdēs*": "demonic/devilish/inspired by demons" } } 16 { "verseID": "James.3.16", "source": "Ὅπου γὰρ ζῆλος καὶ ἐριθεία, ἐκεῖ ἀκαταστασία καὶ πᾶν φαῦλον πρᾶγμα.", "text": "Where *gar* *zēlos* and *eritheia*, there *akatastasia* and every *phaulon* *pragma*.", "grammar": { "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*zēlos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - jealousy/zeal", "*eritheia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - selfish ambition/rivalry", "*akatastasia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - disorder/confusion", "*phaulon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - worthless/evil", "*pragma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - thing/deed/matter" }, "variants": { "*zēlos*": "jealousy/zeal/envy", "*eritheia*": "selfish ambition/rivalry/strife", "*akatastasia*": "disorder/confusion/instability", "*phaulon*": "worthless/evil/base/vile", "*pragma*": "thing/deed/matter/practice" } }
- Jas 3:18 : 18 { "verseID": "James.3.18", "source": "Καρπὸς δὲ τῆς δικαιοσύνης ἐν εἰρήνῃ σπείρεται τοῖς ποιοῦσιν εἰρήνην.", "text": "*Karpos* *de* of the *dikaiosynēs* in *eirēnē* *speiretai* for those *poiousin* *eirēnēn*.", "grammar": { "*Karpos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - fruit", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*dikaiosynēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of righteousness", "*eirēnē*": "dative, feminine, singular - peace", "*speiretai*": "present indicative, passive, 3rd singular - is sown", "*poiousin*": "present participle, active, dative, masculine, plural - making/doing", "*eirēnēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - peace" }, "variants": { "*Karpos*": "fruit/harvest/result", "*dikaiosynēs*": "righteousness/justice/right conduct", "*eirēnē*": "peace/harmony", "*speiretai*": "is sown/planted", "*poiousin*": "making/doing/producing", "*eirēnēn*": "peace/harmony" } }
- 3 John 1:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "3 John.1.9", "source": "Ἔγραψά τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ: ἀλλʼ ὁ φιλοπρωτεύων αὐτῶν, Διοτρέφης, οὐκ ἐπιδέχεται ἡμᾶς.", "text": "*Egrapsa* to the *ekklēsia*: but the *philoprōteuōn* of them, *Diotrephēs*, not *epidechetai* us.", "grammar": { "*Egrapsa*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I wrote", "*ekklēsia*": "dative, feminine, singular - church/assembly", "*all*": "conjunction - but", "*philoprōteuōn*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - loving to be first", "*autōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural, personal pronoun - of them/their", "*Diotrephēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - name (Diotrephes)", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*epidechetai*": "present, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - receives/welcomes", "*hēmas*": "accusative, 1st person plural pronoun - us" }, "variants": { "*Egrapsa*": "I wrote/have written", "*ekklēsia*": "church/assembly/congregation", "*philoprōteuōn*": "loving to be first/desiring preeminence/ambitious for primacy", "*epidechetai*": "receives/welcomes/accepts" } } 10 { "verseID": "3 John.1.10", "source": "Διὰ τοῦτο, ἐὰν ἔλθω, ὑπομνήσω αὐτοῦ τὰ ἔργα ἃ ποιεῖ, λόγοις πονηροῖς φλυαρῶν ἡμᾶς: καὶ μὴ ἀρκούμενος ἐπὶ τούτοις, οὔτε αὐτὸς ἐπιδέχεται τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς, καὶ τοὺς βουλομένους κωλύει, καὶ ἐκ τῆς ἐκκλησίας ἐκβάλλει.", "text": "*Dia* this, if *elthō*, *hypomnēsō* of him the *erga* which *poiei*, *logois* *ponērois* *phlyarōn* us: and not *arkoumenos* upon these, neither himself *epidechetai* the *adelphous*, and the *boulomenous* *kōlyei*, and from the *ekklēsias* *ekballei*.", "grammar": { "*Dia*": "preposition + accusative - because of/for", "*touto*": "accusative, neuter, singular, demonstrative pronoun - this", "*ean*": "conditional particle - if", "*elthō*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 1st person singular - I might come", "*hypomnēsō*": "future, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I will remind/bring to remembrance", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular, personal pronoun - of him/his", "*erga*": "accusative, neuter, plural - works/deeds", "*ha*": "accusative, neuter, plural, relative pronoun - which", "*poiei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he does/performs", "*logois*": "dative, masculine, plural - words/sayings", "*ponērois*": "dative, masculine, plural - evil/malicious", "*phlyarōn*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - chattering/talking nonsense against", "*hēmas*": "accusative, 1st person plural pronoun - us", "*arkoumenos*": "present, passive, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being content/satisfied", "*epi*": "preposition + dative - upon/with", "*toutois*": "dative, neuter, plural, demonstrative pronoun - these things", "*oute*": "conjunction - neither/nor", "*autos*": "nominative, masculine, singular, intensive pronoun - himself", "*epidechetai*": "present, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - receives/welcomes", "*adelphous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - brothers/brethren", "*boulomenous*": "present, middle, participle, accusative, masculine, plural - wishing/desiring", "*kōlyei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - hinders/prevents", "*ek*": "preposition + genitive - from/out of", "*ekklēsias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - church/assembly", "*ekballei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - casts out/expels" }, "variants": { "*elthō*": "might come/should come/arrive", "*hypomnēsō*": "will remind/will call attention to/will bring to remembrance", "*erga*": "works/deeds/actions", "*poiei*": "does/performs/practices", "*logois ponērois*": "evil words/malicious speech/wicked talk", "*phlyarōn*": "chattering/talking nonsense/gossiping against", "*arkoumenos*": "being content/satisfied/appeased", "*epidechetai*": "receives/welcomes/accepts", "*adelphous*": "brothers/fellow believers/members of the community", "*boulomenous*": "wishing/desiring/willing", "*kōlyei*": "hinders/prevents/forbids", "*ekballei*": "casts out/expels/throws out" } }
- Prov 16:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Proverbs.16.28", "source": "אִ֣ישׁ תַּ֭הְפֻּכוֹת יְשַׁלַּ֣ח מָד֑וֹן וְ֝נִרְגָּ֗ן[6] מַפְרִ֥יד אַלּֽוּף׃", "text": "*ʾîš* *tahpukôt* *yᵉšallaḥ* *mādôn* and-*nirgān* *maprîd* *ʾallûp*", "grammar": { "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - man of", "*tahpukôt*": "noun, feminine, plural - perversity/perverse things", "*yᵉšallaḥ*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - sends out/spreads", "*mādôn*": "noun, masculine, singular - strife/contention/dispute", "*wᵉ*": "conjunction - and", "*nirgān*": "verb, Niphal participle, masculine singular - whisperer/slanderer", "*maprîd*": "verb, Hiphil participle, masculine singular - separates/divides", "*ʾallûp*": "noun, masculine, singular - close friend/companion/chief" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš tahpukôt*": "man of perversity/perverse person/troublemaker", "*nirgān*": "whisperer/slanderer/gossiper", "*ʾallûp*": "close friend/intimate companion/chief" } }
- Ps 35:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.35.11", "source": "יְ֭קוּמוּן עֵדֵ֣י חָמָ֑ס אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יָ֝דַ֗עְתִּי יִשְׁאָלֽוּנִי׃", "text": "*Yəqûmûn* *ʿēdêy* *ḥāmās*; *ʾăšer* *lōʾ*-*yādaʿtî* *yišʾālûnî*.", "grammar": { "*Yəqûmûn*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they arise", "*ʿēdêy*": "noun, masculine plural construct - witnesses of", "*ḥāmās*": "noun, masculine singular - violence", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādaʿtî*": "perfect, 1st person singular - I knew", "*yišʾālûnî*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - they ask me" }, "variants": { "*Yəqûmûn*": "they arise/stand up/come forward", "*ʿēdêy*": "witnesses/testimonies", "*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/cruelty/injustice", "*yādaʿtî*": "I knew/recognized/was aware of", "*yišʾālûnî*": "they ask me/question me/inquire of me" } }
- Exod 20:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.16", "source": "לֹֽא־תַעֲנֶ֥ה בְרֵעֲךָ֖ עֵ֥ד שָֽׁקֶר׃", "text": "*lōʾ-ṯaʿăneh ḇə-rēʿăḵā ʿēḏ shāqer*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ-ṯaʿăneh*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not answer/testify", "*ḇə-rēʿăḵā*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - against your neighbor", "*ʿēḏ*": "masculine singular noun - witness", "*shāqer*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood" }, "variants": { "*ṯaʿăneh*": "answer/testify/respond", "*rēʿăḵā*": "your neighbor/your friend/your fellow", "*ʿēḏ shāqer*": "false witness/lying testimony/deceptive evidence" } }
- Exod 23:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Exodus.23.1", "source": "לֹ֥א תִשָּׂ֖א שֵׁ֣מַע שָׁ֑וְא אַל־תָּ֤שֶׁת יָֽדְךָ֙ עִם־רָשָׁ֔ע לִהְיֹ֖ת עֵ֥ד חָמָֽס׃", "text": "Not *tiśśā* *šēmaʿ* *šāwe* not-*tāšet* *yādĕkā* with-*rāšāʿ* to-*hĕyōt* *ʿēd* *ḥāmās*", "grammar": { "*tiśśā*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - lift/carry/take up", "*šēmaʿ*": "noun masculine singular construct - report/rumor", "*šāwe*": "noun masculine singular - falsehood/emptiness/vanity", "*tāšet*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - put/place/set", "*yādĕkā*": "noun feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective masculine singular - wicked/evil person", "*hĕyōt*": "qal infinitive construct - to be/become", "*ʿēd*": "noun masculine singular - witness", "*ḥāmās*": "noun masculine singular - violence/wrong/injustice" }, "variants": { "*tiśśā*": "lift up/carry/raise/bear/take", "*šēmaʿ*": "report/rumor/hearsay", "*šāwe*": "falsehood/emptiness/worthlessness/vanity", "*tāšet*": "put/place/set/join", "*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/injustice/malicious" } }
- Deut 19:16-20 : 16 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.16", "source": "כִּֽי־יָק֥וּם עֵד־חָמָ֖ס בְּאִ֑ישׁ לַעֲנ֥וֹת בּ֖וֹ סָרָֽה", "text": "If-*yāqūm* *ʿēd*-*ḥāmās* in-*ʾish* to-*laʿănōt* in-him *sārāh*", "grammar": { "*yāqūm*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he arises'", "*ʿēd*": "common noun masculine singular construct - 'witness of'", "*ḥāmās*": "common noun masculine singular - 'violence'", "*ʾish*": "common noun masculine singular - 'man'", "*laʿănōt*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to testify'", "*sārāh*": "common noun feminine singular - 'rebellion/defection'" }, "variants": { "*yāqūm*": "arises/stands up/comes forward", "*ʿēd*-*ḥāmās*": "violent witness/false witness/malicious witness", "*ʾish*": "man/person/someone", "*laʿănōt*": "to testify/to witness/to answer", "*sārāh*": "rebellion/defection/wrongdoing" } } 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.17", "source": "וְעָמְד֧וּ שְׁנֵֽי־הָאֲנָשִׁ֛ים אֲשֶׁר־לָהֶ֥ם הָרִ֖יב לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה לִפְנֵ֤י הַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ וְהַשֹּׁ֣פְטִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִהְי֖וּ בַּיָּמִ֥ים הָהֵֽם", "text": "And-*ʿāmĕdū* two-the-*ʾănāshim* which-to-them the-*rīb* before *YHWH* before the-*kōhănim* and-the-*shōfĕṭim* who *yihyū* in-the-*yāmim* the-those", "grammar": { "*ʿāmĕdū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they shall stand'", "*ʾănāshim*": "common noun masculine plural - 'men'", "*rīb*": "common noun masculine singular - 'dispute'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*kōhănim*": "common noun masculine plural - 'priests'", "*shōfĕṭim*": "Qal participle masculine plural - 'judges'", "*yihyū*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - 'they will be'", "*yāmim*": "common noun masculine plural - 'days'" }, "variants": { "*ʿāmĕdū*": "they shall stand/they shall appear/they shall present themselves", "*ʾănāshim*": "men/persons/people", "*rīb*": "dispute/controversy/lawsuit", "*kōhănim*": "priests/officiators", "*shōfĕṭim*": "judges/those who judge/magistrates", "*yihyū*": "they will be/they shall exist/they shall serve", "*yāmim*": "days/times/period" } } 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.18", "source": "וְדָרְשׁ֥וּ הַשֹּׁפְטִ֖ים הֵיטֵ֑ב וְהִנֵּ֤ה עֵֽד־שֶׁ֙קֶר֙ הָעֵ֔ד שֶׁ֖קֶר עָנָ֥ה בְאָחִֽיו", "text": "And-*dārĕshū* the-*shōfĕṭim* *hēṭēb* and-*hinnēh* *ʿēd*-*sheqer* the-*ʿēd* *sheqer* *ʿānāh* in-*ʾāḥiw*", "grammar": { "*dārĕshū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - 'they shall inquire'", "*shōfĕṭim*": "Qal participle masculine plural - 'judges'", "*hēṭēb*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - 'thoroughly'", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - 'behold'", "*ʿēd*": "common noun masculine singular construct - 'witness of'", "*sheqer*": "common noun masculine singular - 'falsehood'", "*ʿānāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he testified'", "*ʾāḥiw*": "common noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his brother'" }, "variants": { "*dārĕshū*": "they shall inquire/they shall investigate/they shall examine", "*shōfĕṭim*": "judges/those who judge/magistrates", "*hēṭēb*": "thoroughly/diligently/carefully", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*ʿēd*-*sheqer*": "false witness/lying witness/deceptive witness", "*ʿānāh*": "testified/answered/responded", "*ʾāḥiw*": "his brother/his fellow/his countryman" } } 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.19", "source": "וַעֲשִׂ֣יתֶם ל֔וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר זָמַ֖ם לַעֲשׂ֣וֹת לְאָחִ֑יו וּבִֽעַרְתָּ֥ הָרָ֖ע מִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ", "text": "And-*ʿăsitem* to-him as-which *zāmam* to-*laʿăsōt* to-*ʾāḥiw* and-*biʿartā* the-*rāʿ* from-*qirbĕkhā*", "grammar": { "*ʿăsitem*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - 'you shall do'", "*zāmam*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he planned'", "*laʿăsōt*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to do'", "*ʾāḥiw*": "common noun masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his brother'", "*biʿartā*": "Piel perfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you shall purge'", "*rāʿ*": "adjective masculine singular - 'evil'", "*qirbĕkhā*": "common noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your midst'" }, "variants": { "*ʿăsitem*": "you shall do/you shall execute/you shall perform", "*zāmam*": "planned/schemed/intended", "*laʿăsōt*": "to do/to perform/to execute", "*ʾāḥiw*": "his brother/his fellow/his countryman", "*biʿartā*": "you shall purge/you shall remove/you shall eliminate", "*rāʿ*": "evil/wicked/wrong", "*qirbĕkhā*": "your midst/among you/from you" } } 20 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.19.20", "source": "וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֖ים יִשְׁמְע֣וּ וְיִרָ֑אוּ וְלֹֽא־יֹסִ֨פוּ לַעֲשׂ֜וֹת ע֗וֹד כַּדָּבָ֥ר הָרָ֛ע הַזֶּ֖ה בְּקִרְבֶּֽךָ", "text": "And-the-*nishʾārim* *yishmĕʿū* and-*yirāʾū* and-not-*yōsîfū* *laʿăsōt* again as-the-*dābār* the-*rāʿ* the-this in-*qirbĕkhā*", "grammar": { "*nishʾārim*": "Niphal participle masculine plural - 'those who remain'", "*yishmĕʿū*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - 'they shall hear'", "*yirāʾū*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - 'they shall fear'", "*yōsîfū*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - 'they shall add'", "*laʿăsōt*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to do'", "*dābār*": "common noun masculine singular - 'thing/matter'", "*rāʿ*": "adjective masculine singular - 'evil'", "*qirbĕkhā*": "common noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your midst'" }, "variants": { "*nishʾārim*": "those who remain/those who are left/the rest", "*yishmĕʿū*": "they shall hear/they shall listen/they shall learn", "*yirāʾū*": "they shall fear/they shall be afraid/they shall be in awe", "*yōsîfū*": "they shall add/they shall continue/they shall do again", "*laʿăsōt*": "to do/to perform/to commit", "*dābār*": "thing/matter/deed", "*rāʿ*": "evil/wicked/wrong", "*qirbĕkhā*": "your midst/among you/from you" } }
- 1 Kgs 21:10-15 : 10 { "verseID": "1 Kings.21.10", "source": "וְ֠הוֹשִׁיבוּ שְׁנַ֨יִם אֲנָשִׁ֥ים בְּנֵֽי־בְלִיַּעַל֮ נֶגְדּוֹ֒ וִיעִדֻ֣הוּ לֵאמֹ֔ר בֵּרַ֥כְתָּ אֱלֹהִ֖ים וָמֶ֑לֶךְ וְהוֹצִיאֻ֥הוּ וְסִקְלֻ֖הוּ וְיָמֹֽת׃", "text": "And-*hôšîbû* two *ʾănāšîm* *bənê*-*bəlîyaʿal* opposite-him *wîʿiduhû* *lēʾmōr*, *bēraktā* *ʾĕlōhîm* and-*melek*; and-*hôṣîʾuhû* and-*siqəluhû* and-*yāmōt*.", "grammar": { "*hôšîbû*": "imperative, 2nd plural masculine, Hiphil - cause to sit/seat", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*bəlîyaʿal*": "noun, masculine singular - worthlessness/wickedness", "*wîʿiduhû*": "conjunction + jussive, 3rd plural masculine, Hiphil + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and let them testify against him", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*bēraktā*": "perfect, 2nd singular masculine, Piel - you blessed/cursed", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*hôṣîʾuhû*": "imperative, 2nd plural masculine, Hiphil + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - bring him out", "*siqəluhû*": "imperative, 2nd plural masculine, Qal + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - stone him", "*yāmōt*": "jussive, 3rd singular masculine, Qal - let him die" }, "variants": { "*bənê-bəlîyaʿal*": "worthless men/scoundrels/sons of wickedness", "*bēraktā*": "blessed/cursed (euphemism for cursed)", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*hôṣîʾuhû*": "bring him out/lead him out" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Kings.21.11", "source": "וַיַּעֲשׂוּ֩ אַנְשֵׁ֨י עִיר֜וֹ הַזְּקֵנִ֣ים וְהַחֹרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר הַיֹּֽשְׁבִים֙ בְּעִיר֔וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר שָׁלְחָ֥ה אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם אִיזָ֑בֶל כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר כָּתוּב֙ בַּסְּפָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁלְחָ֖ה אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yaʿăśû* *ʾanšê* *ʿîrô* the-*zəqēnîm* and-the-*ḥōrîm* who the-*yōšəbîm* in-*ʿîrô* as-*ʾăšer* *šāləḥâ* to-them *ʾîzābel*, as-*ʾăšer* *kātûb* in-the-*səpārîm* which *šāləḥâ* to-them.", "grammar": { "*wa-yaʿăśû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd plural masculine, Qal - and they did", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*ʿîrô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his city", "*zəqēnîm*": "adjective/noun, masculine plural - elders", "*ḥōrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - nobles/free men", "*yōšəbîm*": "participle, masculine plural, Qal - dwelling/living", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*šāləḥâ*": "perfect, 3rd singular feminine, Qal - she sent", "*ʾîzābel*": "proper name, feminine - Jezebel", "*kātûb*": "passive participle, masculine singular, Qal - written", "*səpārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - letters/documents" }, "variants": { "*ʾanšê*": "men of/people of", "*zəqēnîm*": "elders/older men", "*ḥōrîm*": "nobles/free men/officials", "*yōšəbîm*": "dwelling/living/sitting" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 Kings.21.12", "source": "קָרְא֖וּ צ֑וֹם וְהֹשִׁ֥יבוּ אֶת־נָב֖וֹת בְּרֹ֥אשׁ הָעָֽם׃", "text": "*qārəʾû* *ṣôm* and-*hōšîbû* *ʾet*-*nābôt* in-*rōʾš* the-*ʿām*.", "grammar": { "*qārəʾû*": "perfect, 3rd plural masculine, Qal - they proclaimed", "*ṣôm*": "noun, masculine singular - fast", "*hōšîbû*": "perfect, 3rd plural masculine, Hiphil - they seated", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*nābôt*": "proper name, masculine - Naboth", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - head of", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people" }, "variants": { "*qārəʾû ṣôm*": "proclaimed a fast/called a fast", "*rōʾš*": "head/top/chief place" } } 13 { "verseID": "1 Kings.21.13", "source": "וַ֠יָּבֹאוּ שְׁנֵ֨י הָאֲנָשִׁ֥ים בְּנֵֽי־בְלִיַּעַל֮ וַיֵּשְׁב֣וּ נֶגְדּוֹ֒ וַיְעִדֻהוּ֩ אַנְשֵׁ֨י הַבְּלִיַּ֜עַל אֶת־נָב֗וֹת נֶ֤גֶד הָעָם֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר בֵּרַ֥ךְ נָב֛וֹת אֱלֹהִ֖ים וָמֶ֑לֶךְ וַיֹּצִאֻ֙הוּ֙ מִח֣וּץ לָעִ֔יר וַיִּסְקְלֻ֥הוּ בָאֲבָנִ֖ים וַיָּמֹֽת׃", "text": "*wa-yābōʾû* two the-*ʾănāšîm* *bənê*-*bəlîyaʿal* *wa-yēšəbû* opposite-him; *wa-yəʿiduhû* *ʾanšê* the-*bəlîyaʿal* *ʾet*-*nābôt* before the-*ʿām* *lēʾmōr*, *bērak* *nābôt* *ʾĕlōhîm* and-*melek*; *wa-yōṣiʾuhû* outside the-city *wa-yisqəluhû* with-the-stones *wa-yāmōt*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yābōʾû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd plural masculine, Qal - and they came", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*bəlîyaʿal*": "noun, masculine singular - worthlessness/wickedness", "*wa-yēšəbû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd plural masculine, Qal - and they sat", "*wa-yəʿiduhû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd plural masculine, Hiphil + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they testified against him", "*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*nābôt*": "proper name, masculine - Naboth", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*bērak*": "perfect, 3rd singular masculine, Piel - he blessed/cursed", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*wa-yōṣiʾuhû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd plural masculine, Hiphil + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they brought him out", "*wa-yisqəluhû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd plural masculine, Qal + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they stoned him", "*wa-yāmōt*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, Qal - and he died" }, "variants": { "*bənê-bəlîyaʿal*": "worthless men/scoundrels/sons of wickedness", "*bērak*": "blessed/cursed (euphemism for cursed)", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings" } } 14 { "verseID": "1 Kings.21.14", "source": "וַֽיִּשְׁלְח֖וּ אֶל־אִיזֶ֣בֶל לֵאמֹ֑ר סֻקַּ֥ל נָב֖וֹת וַיָּמֹֽת׃", "text": "*wa-yišləḥû* to-*ʾîzebel* *lēʾmōr*, *suqqal* *nābôt* *wa-yāmōt*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yišləḥû*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd plural masculine, Qal - and they sent", "*ʾîzebel*": "proper name, feminine - Jezebel", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*suqqal*": "perfect, 3rd singular masculine, Pual - he was stoned", "*nābôt*": "proper name, masculine - Naboth", "*wa-yāmōt*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, Qal - and he died" }, "variants": { "*suqqal*": "was stoned/has been stoned" } } 15 { "verseID": "1 Kings.21.15", "source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ כִּשְׁמֹ֣עַ אִיזֶ֔בֶל כִּֽי־סֻקַּ֥ל נָב֖וֹת וַיָּמֹ֑ת וַתֹּ֨אמֶר אִיזֶ֜בֶל אֶל־אַחְאָ֗ב ק֣וּם רֵ֞שׁ אֶת־כֶּ֣רֶם ׀ נָב֣וֹת הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֗י אֲשֶׁ֤ר מֵאֵן֙ לָתֶת־לְךָ֣ בְכֶ֔סֶף כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין נָב֛וֹת חַ֖י כִּי־מֵֽת׃", "text": "*wa-yəhî* when-*kišmōaʿ* *ʾîzebel* that-*suqqal* *nābôt* *wa-yāmōt*, *wa-tōʾmer* *ʾîzebel* to-*ʾaḥʾāb*, *qûm* *rēš* *ʾet*-*kerem* *nābôt* the-*yizrəʿēʾlî* who *mēʾēn* to-give-to-you for-*kesep*, because *ʾên* *nābôt* alive but-dead.", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, Qal - and it happened", "*kišmōaʿ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - when hearing", "*ʾîzebel*": "proper name, feminine - Jezebel", "*suqqal*": "perfect, 3rd singular masculine, Pual - he was stoned", "*nābôt*": "proper name, masculine - Naboth", "*wa-yāmōt*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd singular masculine, Qal - and he died", "*wa-tōʾmer*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd singular feminine, Qal - and she said", "*ʾaḥʾāb*": "proper name, masculine - Ahab", "*qûm*": "imperative, masculine singular, Qal - arise", "*rēš*": "imperative, masculine singular, Qal - take possession of", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*kerem*": "noun, masculine singular construct - vineyard of", "*yizrəʿēʾlî*": "gentilic adjective, masculine singular - Jezreelite", "*mēʾēn*": "perfect, 3rd singular masculine, Piel - he refused", "*kesep*": "noun, masculine singular - silver/money", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ḥay*": "adjective, masculine singular - alive" }, "variants": { "*rēš*": "take possession of/inherit/seize", "*mēʾēn*": "refused/declined", "*ʾên nābôt ḥay kî-mēt*": "Naboth is not alive but dead" } }
- Prov 22:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Proverbs.22.10", "source": "גָּ֣רֵֽשׁ לֵ֭ץ וְיֵצֵ֣א מָד֑וֹן וְ֝יִשְׁבֹּ֗ת דִּ֣ין וְקָלֽוֹן׃", "text": "*gārēš* *lēṣ* and *yēṣē'* *mādôn*, and *yišbōT* *dîn* and *qālôn*.", "grammar": { "*gārēš*": "verb, Piel imperative, masculine singular - drive out/expel", "*lēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - mocker/scoffer", "*yēṣē'*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he/it will go out", "*mādôn*": "noun, masculine singular - strife/contention", "*yišbōT*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he/it will cease", "*dîn*": "noun, masculine singular - dispute/judgment/legal case", "*qālôn*": "noun, masculine singular - shame/dishonor" }, "variants": { "*gārēš*": "drive out/expel/cast out/banish", "*lēṣ*": "mocker/scoffer/scorner", "*yēṣē'*": "will go out/will leave/will depart", "*mādôn*": "strife/contention/quarrel/dispute", "*yišbōT*": "will cease/will stop/will rest", "*dîn*": "judgment/legal dispute/lawsuit", "*qālôn*": "shame/dishonor/disgrace/insult" } }