Verse 17

{ "verseID": "Zechariah.14.17", "source": "וְ֠הָיָה אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹֽא־יַעֲלֶ֜ה מֵאֵ֨ת מִשְׁפְּח֤וֹת הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ אֶל־יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם לְהִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֔ת לְמֶ֖לֶךְ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת וְלֹ֥א עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם יִהְיֶ֥ה הַגָּֽשֶׁם׃", "text": "And *wəhāyâ ʾăšer lōʾ-yaʿăleh mēʾēt mišpəḥôt hāʾāreṣ ʾel-yərûšālaim ləhištaḥăwōt ləmelek YHWH ṣəbāʾôt wəlōʾ ʿălêhem yihyeh haggāšem*.", "grammar": { "*wəhāyâ*": "waw-consecutive + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and it will be", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that which/whoever", "*lōʾ-yaʿăleh*": "negative particle + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will not go up", "*mēʾēt*": "preposition - from", "*mišpəḥôt*": "feminine plural construct - families of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the earth/land", "*ʾel-yərûšālaim*": "preposition + proper noun - to Jerusalem", "*ləhištaḥăwōt*": "preposition + hitpael infinitive construct - to worship", "*ləmelek*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - to king of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "masculine plural noun - hosts/armies", "*wəlōʾ*": "waw-conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will be", "*haggāšem*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the rain" }, "variants": { "*wəhāyâ*": "it will be/come to pass/happen", "*lōʾ-yaʿăleh*": "will not go up/ascend/make pilgrimage", "*mišpəḥôt*": "families/clans/tribes", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the earth/land/world", "*ləhištaḥăwōt*": "to worship/bow down/prostrate oneself", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/multitudes", "*ʿălêhem*": "upon them/for them/against them", "*haggāšem*": "the rain/shower/rainfall" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Hvis noen av jordens slekter ikke drar opp til Jerusalem for å tilbe kongen, Herren, hærskarenes Gud, vil de ikke få regn.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Det skal være slik at den som ikke drar opp fra alle jordens slekter til Jerusalem for å tilbe Kongen, Herren over hærskarene, over dem skal det ikke være regn.

• Norsk King James

  Og det skal være at den som ikke vil gå opp av alle jordas familier til Jerusalem for å tilbe Kongen, Herren over hærskarene, skal ikke få noe regn.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Hvis noen slekt på jorden ikke drar opp til Jerusalem for å tilbe kongen, Herren over hærskarene, skal de ikke få regn.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Hvis noen av slektene på jorden ikke drar opp til Jerusalem for å tilbe kongen, Herren, hærskarenes Gud, skal det ikke komme noe regn over dem.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Hvis noen av slektene på jorden ikke drar opp til Jerusalem for å tilbe Kongen, Herren over hærskarene, skal de nektes regn.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Og det skal være slik at den som ikke, blant alle jordens familier, kommer opp til Jerusalem for å tilbe Kongen, Herrens hær, vil ikke få regn.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Hvis noen av slektene på jorden ikke drar opp til Jerusalem for å tilbe Kongen, Herren over hærskarene, skal de nektes regn.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Og det skal skje: Om noen av jordens folk ikke drar opp til Jerusalem for å tilbe kongen, Herren over hærskarene, skal det ikke komme regn over dem.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  If any of the families of the earth do not go up to Jerusalem to worship the King, the Lord of Hosts, they will have no rain.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Hvis noen av jordens slekter ikke drar opp til Jerusalem for å tilbe kongen, Herren Allhærs Gud, skal det ikke komme regn over dem.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og det skal skee, at hvilke af Slægterne paa Jorden, der ikke drage op til Jerusalem til at tilbede for Kongen, den Herre Zebaoth, over dem skal Regnen og ikke være.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And it shall be, that whoso will not come up of all the families of the earth unto Jerusalem to worship the King, the LORD of hosts, even upon them shall be no rain.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  «Og det skal skje at de familiene på jorden som ikke drar opp til Jerusalem for å tilbe Kongen, Herren over hærskarene, over dem skal det ikke komme regn.»

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  And it shall be, that whoever will not come up of all the families of the earth unto Jerusalem to worship the King, the LORD of hosts, even upon them shall be no rain.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And it shall be, that whoso will not come up of all the families of the earth unto Jerusalem to worship the King, the LORD of hosts, even upon them shall be no rain.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Det skal være slik at den familien på jorden som ikke drar opp til Jerusalem for å tilbe Kongen, Herren over hærskarenes Gud, på dem skal det ikke falle regn.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Om noen av slektene på jorden ikke drar opp til Jerusalem for å tilbe Kongen, Herren over hærskarene, skal de ikke få regn.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Om noen av jordens slekter ikke drar opp til Jerusalem for å tilbe Kongen, Herren over hærskaren, da skal det ikke regne over dem.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Og om noen av alle jordens slekter ikke drar opp til Jerusalem for å tilbe Kongen, Herren over hærene, vil det ikke falle regn på dem.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And loke what generacion vpon earth goeth not vp to Ierusalem, for to worshipe the kynge (euen the LORDE of hoostes) vpon the same shal come no rayne.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And who so will not come vp of all the families of the earth vnto Ierusalem to worship the King the Lorde of hostes, euen vpon them shall come no raine.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And loke what generation vpon the earth goeth not to Hierusalem for to worshippe the king the Lorde of hoastes, vpon the same shall come no rayne.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And it shall be, [that] whoso will not come up of [all] the families of the earth unto Jerusalem to worship the King, the LORD of hosts, even upon them shall be no rain.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  It will be, that whoever of all the families of the earth doesn't go up to Jerusalem to worship the King, Yahweh of Hosts, on them there will be no rain.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And it hath come to pass, That he who doth not go up of the families of the land unto Jerusalem, To bow himself to the King, Jehovah of Hosts, Even on them there is no shower.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And it shall be, that whoso of [all] the families of the earth goeth not up unto Jerusalem to worship the King, Jehovah of hosts, upon them there shall be no rain.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And it will be that if any one of all the families of the earth does not go up to Jerusalem to give worship to the King, the Lord of armies, on them there will be no rain.

• World English Bible (2000)

  It will be, that whoever of all the families of the earth doesn't go up to Jerusalem to worship the King, Yahweh of Armies, on them there will be no rain.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  But if any of the nations anywhere on earth refuse to go up to Jerusalem to worship the King, the LORD of Heaven’s Armies, they will get no rain.

Referenced Verses

• Jer 14:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.14.4", "source": "בַּעֲב֤וּר הָאֲדָמָה֙ חַ֔תָּה כִּ֛י לֹא־הָיָ֥ה גֶ֖שֶׁם בָּאָ֑רֶץ בֹּ֥שׁוּ אִכָּרִ֖ים חָפ֥וּ רֹאשָֽׁם׃", "text": "Because the-*ʾăḏāmāh* *ḥattāh* for not-*hāyāh* *gešem* in-the-*ʾāreṣ* *bōšû* *ʾikkārîm* *ḥāp̄û* *rōʾšām*", "grammar": { "*ʾăḏāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the ground/soil", "*ḥattāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd singular feminine - is dismayed/cracked/broken", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd singular masculine with negative particle - was not/there was not", "*gešem*": "noun, masculine singular - rain", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with preposition + definite article - in the land", "*bōšû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they are ashamed", "*ʾikkārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - farmers/plowmen", "*ḥāp̄û*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they covered", "*rōʾšām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their head" }, "variants": { "*ʾăḏāmāh*": "ground/soil/land/earth", "*ḥattāh*": "dismayed/broken/cracked/shocked/shattered", "*ʾikkārîm*": "farmers/plowmen/husbandmen/tillers" } }
• 1 Kgs 17:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Kings.17.1", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר֩ אֵלִיָּ֨הוּ הַתִּשְׁבִּ֜י מִתֹּשָׁבֵ֣י גִלְעָד֮ אֶל־אַחְאָב֒ חַי־יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָמַ֣דְתִּי לְפָנָ֔יו אִם־יִהְיֶ֛ה הַשָּׁנִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה טַ֣ל וּמָטָ֑ר כִּ֖י אִם־לְפִ֥י דְבָרִֽי׃ ס", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *ʾēliyyāhû* the *tiššbî* from *tōšāḇê* *gilʿād* to *ʾaḥʾāḇ*, *ḥay-yhwh* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* whom *ʿāmaḏtî* before *lǝpānāyw*, if *yihyeh* the *ššānîm* the *hāʾēlleh* *ṭal* and *māṭār* except by *pî* *ḏǝḇārî*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾēliyyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Elijah", "*tiššbî*": "noun with definite article, masculine singular - the Tishbite", "*tōšāḇê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*gilʿād*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Gilead", "*ʾaḥʾāḇ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ahab", "*ḥay-yhwh*": "adjective construct + divine name - living (is) YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine singular construct - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Israel", "*ʿāmaḏtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I have stood", "*lǝpānāyw*": "preposition + noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - before him", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - there will be", "*ššānîm*": "noun with definite article, feminine plural - the years", "*hāʾēlleh*": "demonstrative adjective with definite article - these", "*ṭal*": "noun, masculine singular - dew", "*māṭār*": "noun, masculine singular - rain", "*pî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mouth of", "*ḏǝḇārî*": "noun + 1st singular suffix - my word" }, "variants": { "*ʾēliyyāhû*": "Elijah/My God is YHWH", "*tiššbî*": "Tishbite/inhabitant of Tishbe", "*ḥay-yhwh*": "As YHWH lives/by the life of YHWH (oath formula)", "*ʿāmaḏtî*": "I have stood/I serve", "*lǝpānāyw*": "before him/in his presence", "*yihyeh*": "there will be/there shall be", "*ṭal*": "dew/moisture", "*pî*": "mouth/command", "*ḏǝḇārî*": "my word/my command" } }
• Isa 60:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.60.12", "source": "כִּֽי־הַגּ֧וֹי וְהַמַּמְלָכָ֛ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יַעַבְד֖וּךְ יֹאבֵ֑דוּ וְהַגּוֹיִ֖ם חָרֹ֥ב יֶחֱרָֽבוּ׃", "text": "*kî-haggôy* *wə-hammamlāḵāh* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ-yaʿaḇḏûḵ* *yōʾḇēḏû* *wə-haggôyim* *ḥārōḇ* *yeḥĕrāḇû*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*haggôy*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the nation", "*wə-hammamlāḵāh*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the kingdom", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*lōʾ-yaʿaḇḏûḵ*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, qal with 2nd feminine singular suffix - will not serve you", "*yōʾḇēḏû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, qal - they will perish", "*wə-haggôyim*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and the nations", "*ḥārōḇ*": "infinitive absolute, qal - utterly", "*yeḥĕrāḇû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, qal - they will be laid waste" }, "variants": { "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentile", "*mamlāḵāh*": "kingdom/dominion/realm", "*yaʿaḇḏûḵ*": "will serve you/will work for you/will be subject to you", "*yōʾḇēḏû*": "they will perish/they will be destroyed/they will be ruined", "*ḥārōḇ yeḥĕrāḇû*": "will be utterly laid waste/will be completely devastated/will be totally ruined" } }
• Jer 10:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.10.25", "source": "שְׁפֹ֣ךְ חֲמָתְךָ֗ עַל־הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־יְדָע֔וּךָ וְעַל֙ מִשְׁפָּח֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּשִׁמְךָ֖ לֹ֣א קָרָ֑אוּ כִּֽי־אָכְל֣וּ אֶֽת־יַעֲקֹ֗ב וַאֲכָלֻ֙הוּ֙ וַיְכַלֻּ֔הוּ וְאֶת־נָוֵ֖הוּ הֵשַֽׁמּוּ׃", "text": "*Šəfōḵ* *ḥămātəḵā* upon-*ha-gôyim* which not-*yədāʿûḵā* and-upon *mišpāḥôt* which in-*šimḵā* not *qārāʾû* *kî*-they-*ʾāḵlû* *ʾet*-*Yaʿăqōb* and-*ʾăḵāluhû* and-*yəḵalluhû* and-*ʾet*-*nāwēhû* *hēšammû*", "grammar": { "*Šəfōḵ*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - pour out", "*ḥămātəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your wrath", "*ha-gôyim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the nations", "*yədāʿûḵā*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - they know you", "*mišpāḥôt*": "noun, feminine plural - families/clans", "*šimḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your name", "*qārāʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they called", "*ʾāḵlû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they devoured", "*Yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*ʾăḵāluhû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they have devoured him", "*yəḵalluhû*": "piel perfect, 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they have consumed him", "*nāwēhû*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his habitation", "*hēšammû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they have made desolate" }, "variants": { "*Šəfōḵ*": "pour out/spill/shed", "*ḥămātəḵā*": "your wrath/fury/rage/heat", "*yədāʿûḵā*": "they know you/acknowledge you/recognize you", "*mišpāḥôt*": "families/clans/tribes", "*qārāʾû*": "they called/invoked/proclaimed", "*ʾāḵlû*": "they devoured/consumed/ate", "*ʾăḵāluhû*": "they have devoured him/consumed him/eaten him", "*yəḵalluhû*": "they have consumed him/finished him/destroyed him", "*nāwēhû*": "his habitation/dwelling/pasture", "*hēšammû*": "they have made desolate/devastated/laid waste" } }
• 2 Chr 6:26 : 26 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.6.26", "source": "בְּהֵעָצֵ֧ר הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֥ה מָטָ֖ר כִּ֣י יֶֽחֶטְאוּ־לָ֑ךְ וְהִֽתְפַּלְל֞וּ אֶל־הַמָּק֤וֹם הַזֶּה֙ וְהוֹד֣וּ אֶת־שְׁמֶ֔ךָ מֵחַטָּאתָ֥ם יְשׁוּב֖וּן כִּ֥י תַעֲנֵֽם׃", "text": "In-*bəhēʿāṣēr* *haššāmayim* and-not-*yihyeh* *māṭār* because *yeḥeṭʾû*-to-you, and-*hiṯpallǝlû* to-*hammāqôm* *hazzeh* and-*hôḏû* *ʾeṯ*-*šəmeḵā*; from-*ḥaṭṭāʾṯām* *yəšûḇûn* because *ṯaʿănēm*.", "grammar": { "*bəhēʿāṣēr*": "infinitive construct, niphal with preposition - when shutting up, restraining", "*haššāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the heavens", "*yihyeh*": "imperfect, qal, 3rd person masculine singular - there will be", "*māṭār*": "noun, masculine singular - rain", "*yeḥeṭʾû*": "imperfect, qal, 3rd person masculine plural - they will sin", "*hiṯpallǝlû*": "perfect, hitpael, 3rd person common plural - they have prayed", "*hammāqôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the place", "*hazzeh*": "demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this", "*hôḏû*": "perfect, hiphil, 3rd person common plural - they have confessed", "*šəmeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name", "*ḥaṭṭāʾṯām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sin", "*yəšûḇûn*": "imperfect, qal, 3rd person masculine plural with paragogic nun - they will return", "*ṯaʿănēm*": "imperfect, hiphil, 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - you will afflict them" }, "variants": { "*bəhēʿāṣēr*": "to shut up, restrain, withhold", "*yihyeh*": "there will be, will happen, will occur", "*māṭār*": "rain, rainfall, precipitation", "*yeḥeṭʾû*": "sin, miss the mark, offend", "*hiṯpallǝlû*": "pray, intercede, plead", "*hôḏû*": "confess, acknowledge, give thanks", "*ḥaṭṭāʾṯām*": "their sin, transgression, offense", "*yəšûḇûn*": "return, turn back, repent", "*ṯaʿănēm*": "you will afflict them, humble them, answer them" } }
• 2 Chr 7:13 : 13 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.7.13", "source": "הֵ֣ן אֶֽעֱצֹ֤ר הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה מָטָ֔ר וְהֵן־אֲצַוֶּ֥ה עַל־חָגָ֖ב לֶאֱכ֣וֹל הָאָ֑רֶץ וְאִם־אֲשַׁלַּ֥ח דֶּ֖בֶר בְּעַמִּֽי׃", "text": "Behold *hēn* *ʾeʿĕṣōr* the *haššāmayim* *wə-lōʾ-* *yihyeh* *māṭār* *wə-hēn-* *ʾăṣawweh* to *ʿal-* *ḥāḡāḇ* *leʾĕḵôl* the *hāʾāreṣ* *wə-ʾim-* *ʾăšallaḥ* *deḇer* among *bəʿammî*.", "grammar": { "*hēn*": "interjection - 'behold/lo'", "*ʾeʿĕṣōr*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - 'I restrain/shut up'", "*haššāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - 'the heavens'", "*wə-lōʾ-*": "conjunction with negative particle - 'and not'", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'there will be'", "*māṭār*": "noun, masculine singular - 'rain'", "*wə-hēn-*": "conjunction with interjection - 'and behold'", "*ʾăṣawweh*": "piel imperfect, 1st singular - 'I command'", "*ʿal-*": "preposition - 'against/concerning'", "*ḥāḡāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - 'locust'", "*leʾĕḵôl*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition ל (le) - 'to devour'", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - 'the land'", "*wə-ʾim-*": "conjunction with conditional particle - 'and if'", "*ʾăšallaḥ*": "piel imperfect, 1st singular - 'I send'", "*deḇer*": "noun, masculine singular - 'pestilence'", "*bəʿammî*": "preposition with noun and 1st singular suffix - 'among my people'" }, "variants": { "*hēn*": "behold, lo, see", "*ʾeʿĕṣōr*": "I restrain, I shut up, I withhold", "*haššāmayim*": "heavens, sky, firmament", "*yihyeh*": "there will be, will exist, will occur", "*māṭār*": "rain, rainfall, shower", "*ʾăṣawweh*": "I command, I order, I commission", "*ḥāḡāḇ*": "locust, grasshopper", "*leʾĕḵôl*": "to devour, to consume, to eat", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land, the earth, the ground", "*ʾăšallaḥ*": "I send, I let loose, I dispatch", "*deḇer*": "pestilence, plague, epidemic", "*bəʿammî*": "among my people, in my nation" } }
• Ps 2:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.8", "source": "שְׁאַ֤ל מִמֶּ֗נִּי וְאֶתְּנָ֣ה ג֭וֹיִם נַחֲלָתֶ֑ךָ וַ֝אֲחֻזָּתְךָ֗ אַפְסֵי־אָֽרֶץ", "text": "*šəʾal* *mimmennî* *wə-ʾettənâ* *ḡôyim* *naḥălāṯeḵā* *wa-ʾăḥuzzāṯəḵā* *ʾap̄sê*-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*šəʾal*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - ask", "*mimmennî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - from me", "*wə-ʾettənâ*": "conjunction + qal cohortative, 1st person singular - and I will give", "*ḡôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations/gentiles", "*naḥălāṯeḵā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your inheritance", "*wa-ʾăḥuzzāṯəḵā*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your possession", "*ʾap̄sê*": "masculine plural construct noun - ends of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*šəʾal*": "ask/request/demand", "*ḡôyim*": "nations/gentiles/heathen peoples", "*naḥălāṯeḵā*": "your inheritance/heritage/possession", "*ʾăḥuzzāṯəḵā*": "your possession/property/holding", "*ʾap̄sê-ʾāreṣ*": "ends of the earth/uttermost parts of the land" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.9", "source": "תְּ֭רֹעֵם בְּשֵׁ֣בֶט בַּרְזֶ֑ל כִּכְלִ֖י יוֹצֵ֣ר תְּנַפְּצֵֽם", "text": "*tərōʿēm* *bəšēḇeṭ* *barzel* *kiḵlî* *yôṣēr* *tənapṣēm*", "grammar": { "*tərōʿēm*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - you will break/shatter them", "*bəšēḇeṭ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - with a rod/staff", "*barzel*": "masculine singular noun - iron", "*kiḵlî*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - like a vessel of", "*yôṣēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - potter/one forming", "*tənapṣēm*": "piel imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - you will dash them to pieces" }, "variants": { "*tərōʿēm*": "break/shatter/rule/shepherd them", "*šēḇeṭ*": "rod/staff/club/scepter", "*barzel*": "iron/iron tool", "*kiḵlî yôṣēr*": "like a potter's vessel/like an earthen vessel", "*tənapṣēm*": "dash them to pieces/shatter them/smash them" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.10", "source": "וְ֭עַתָּה מְלָכִ֣ים הַשְׂכִּ֑ילוּ הִ֝וָּסְר֗וּ שֹׁ֣פְטֵי אָֽרֶץ", "text": "*wə-ʿattâ* *məlāḵîm* *haśkîlû* *hiwwāsərû* *šōp̄ṭê* *ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattâ*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*məlāḵîm*": "masculine plural noun - kings", "*haśkîlû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine plural - be wise/act wisely", "*hiwwāsərû*": "niphal imperative, masculine plural - be instructed/take warning", "*šōp̄ṭê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - judges of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*haśkîlû*": "be wise/act wisely/consider well/show insight", "*hiwwāsərû*": "be instructed/take warning/accept discipline", "*šōp̄ṭê*": "judges/rulers/governors" } } 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.11", "source": "עִבְד֣וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה בְּיִרְאָ֑ה וְ֝גִ֗ילוּ בִּרְעָדָֽה", "text": "*ʿiḇḏû* *ʾeṯ*-*YHWH* *bəyirʾâ* *wə-ḡîlû* *birʿāḏâ*", "grammar": { "*ʿiḇḏû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - serve", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/Yahweh", "*bəyirʾâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - with fear/reverence", "*wə-ḡîlû*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine plural - and rejoice", "*birʿāḏâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - with trembling" }, "variants": { "*ʿiḇḏû*": "serve/worship/work for", "*yirʾâ*": "fear/reverence/awe", "*ḡîlû*": "rejoice/be glad/exult", "*rʿāḏâ*": "trembling/quaking/shaking" } } 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.12", "source": "נַשְּׁקוּ־בַ֡ר פֶּן־יֶאֱנַ֤ף ׀ וְתֹ֬אבְדוּ דֶ֗רֶךְ כִּֽי־יִבְעַ֣ר כִּמְעַ֣ט אַפּ֑וֹ אַ֝שְׁרֵ֗י כָּל־ח֥וֹסֵי בֽוֹ", "text": "*naššəqû*-*ḇar* *pen*-*yeʾĕnap̄* *wə-ṯōʾḇəḏû* *ḏereḵ* *kî*-*yiḇʿar* *kimʿaṭ* *ʾappô* *ʾašrê* *kol*-*ḥôsê* *ḇô*", "grammar": { "*naššəqû*": "piel imperative, masculine plural - kiss", "*ḇar*": "masculine singular noun - son/pure one", "*pen*": "conjunction - lest", "*yeʾĕnap̄*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he be angry", "*wə-ṯōʾḇəḏû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and you perish", "*ḏereḵ*": "masculine singular noun - way/path", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/when", "*yiḇʿar*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - burns", "*kimʿaṭ*": "preposition + adverb - as/like + little/slight", "*ʾappô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his anger/nostril", "*ʾašrê*": "construct masculine plural noun - blessings of/happy are", "*kol*": "masculine singular noun - all of", "*ḥôsê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - those taking refuge", "*ḇô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in him" }, "variants": { "*naššəqû*": "kiss/do homage", "*ḇar*": "son/pure one/chosen one (Aramaic: son)", "*yeʾĕnap̄*": "be angry/become furious", "*ṯōʾḇəḏû*": "perish/be destroyed/be lost", "*ḏereḵ*": "way/path/road/journey", "*yiḇʿar*": "burns/kindles/ignites", "*kimʿaṭ*": "in a little while/quickly/slightly", "*ʾašrê*": "blessed/happy/fortunate are", "*ḥôsê*": "those taking refuge/those seeking shelter/those trusting" } }
• Ps 110:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.110.5", "source": "אֲדֹנָ֥י עַל־יְמִֽינְךָ֑ מָחַ֖ץ בְּיוֹם־אַפּ֣וֹ מְלָכִֽים", "text": "*ʾĂdōnāy* upon-*yemînekā* *māḥaṣ* in *yôm*-*ʾappô* *mělākîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾĂdōnāy*": "proper noun, divine title - 'Lord/my Lord'", "*ʿal*-*yemînekā*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'at your right hand'", "*māḥaṣ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he struck/smashed/shattered'", "*běyôm*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - 'in day of'", "*ʾappô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his anger'", "*mělākîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'kings'" }, "variants": { "*ʾĂdōnāy*": "Lord/my Lord/Sovereign", "*yemînekā*": "your right hand/right side", "*māḥaṣ*": "struck/smashed/shattered/wounded", "*ʾappô*": "his anger/nostril/face" } } 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.110.6", "source": "יָדִ֣ין בַּ֭גּוֹיִם מָלֵ֣א גְוִיּ֑וֹת מָ֥חַץ רֹ֝֗אשׁ עַל־אֶ֥רֶץ רַבָּֽה", "text": "*Yādîn* among the *gôyim*, *mālēʾ* *gěwiyyôt*; *māḥaṣ* *rōʾš* over-*ʾereṣ* *rabbâ*", "grammar": { "*Yādîn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he will judge'", "*baggôyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - 'among the nations'", "*mālēʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he filled/fulfilled'", "*gěwiyyôt*": "feminine plural noun - 'bodies/corpses'", "*māḥaṣ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he struck/smashed/shattered'", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular noun - 'head/chief'", "*ʿal*-*ʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - 'over land/earth'", "*rabbâ*": "feminine singular adjective - 'great/many/much'" }, "variants": { "*Yādîn*": "he will judge/govern/contend with", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*mālēʾ*": "filled/fulfilled/satisfied", "*gěwiyyôt*": "bodies/corpses/carcasses", "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/top/beginning", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory/ground", "*rabbâ*": "great/many/much/wide" } }
• Isa 5:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.6", "source": "וַאֲשִׁיתֵ֣הוּ בָתָ֗ה לֹ֤א יִזָּמֵר֙ וְלֹ֣א יֵעָדֵ֔ר וְעָלָ֥ה שָׁמִ֖יר וָשָׁ֑יִת וְעַ֤ל הֶעָבִים֙ אֲצַוֶּ֔ה מֵהַמְטִ֥יר עָלָ֖יו מָטָֽר׃", "text": "And I will *waʾăšîtēhû* *bātâ*, it shall not *yizzāmēr* and shall not *yēʿādēr*, and *wəʿālâ* *šāmîr* and *wāšāyit*; and upon the *heʿābîm* I will *ʾăṣawweh* from *mēhamṭîr* upon it *māṭār*.", "grammar": { "*waʾăšîtēhû*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with vav consecutive and 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I will make it", "*bātâ*": "feminine singular noun - waste/desolation", "*yizzāmēr*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will be pruned", "*yēʿādēr*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will be hoed/tilled", "*wəʿālâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and will come up", "*šāmîr*": "masculine singular noun - thorns/briars", "*wāšāyit*": "conjunction with masculine singular noun - and thistles/weeds", "*heʿābîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the clouds", "*ʾăṣawweh*": "piel imperfect 1st person singular - I will command", "*mēhamṭîr*": "hiphil infinitive construct with preposition - from raining", "*māṭār*": "masculine singular noun - rain" }, "variants": { "*bātâ*": "waste/desolation/ruin", "*šāmîr*": "thorns/briars/brambles", "*šāyit*": "thistles/weeds/thorny plants" } }
• Isa 45:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Isaiah.45.23", "source": "בִּ֣י נִשְׁבַּ֔עְתִּי יָצָ֨א מִפִּ֧י צְדָקָ֛ה דָּבָ֖ר וְלֹ֣א יָשׁ֑וּב כִּי־לִי֙ תִּכְרַ֣ע כָּל־בֶּ֔רֶךְ תִּשָּׁבַ֖ע כָּל־לָשֽׁוֹן", "text": "By-me *nišbaʿtî* *yāṣāʾ* from-my-*pî* *ṣĕdāqâ* *dābār* and-not *yāšûb* that-to-me *tikraʿ* all-*berek* *tiššābaʿ* all-*lāšôn*", "grammar": { "*nišbaʿtî*": "niphal perfect, 1st person singular - I have sworn", "*yāṣāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - went out/came forth", "*pî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person suffix - my mouth", "*ṣĕdāqâ*": "feminine singular noun - righteousness/justice", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - word/thing", "*yāšûb*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will return", "*tikraʿ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will bow", "*berek*": "feminine singular noun - knee", "*tiššābaʿ*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will swear", "*lāšôn*": "feminine singular noun - tongue/language" }, "variants": { "*nišbaʿtî*": "I have sworn/I have taken an oath", "*yāṣāʾ*": "went out/came forth/proceeded", "*ṣĕdāqâ*": "righteousness/justice/rightness/what is right", "*dābār*": "word/thing/matter", "*yāšûb*": "it will return/it will turn back/it will be revoked", "*tikraʿ*": "it will bow/it will bend/it will kneel", "*tiššābaʿ*": "it will swear/it will take an oath/it will pledge" } }
• Gen 10:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Genesis.10.32", "source": "אֵ֣לֶּה מִשְׁפְּחֹ֧ת בְּנֵי־נֹ֛חַ לְתוֹלְדֹתָ֖ם בְּגוֹיֵהֶ֑ם וּמֵאֵ֜לֶּה נִפְרְד֧וּ הַגּוֹיִ֛ם בָּאָ֖רֶץ אַחַ֥ר הַמַּבּֽוּל׃ פ", "text": "*ʾēlleh mišpəḥōt bənê-nōaḥ lətôlədōtām bəgôyêhem ûmēʾēlleh niprədû haggôyim bāʾāreṣ ʾaḥar hammabbûl*", "grammar": { "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*mišpəḥōt*": "feminine plural noun, construct state - families of", "*bənê-nōaḥ*": "masculine plural noun, construct state + proper noun - sons of Noah", "*lə-tôlədōtām*": "preposition lə- + feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - according to their generations", "*bə-gôyêhem*": "preposition bə- + masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their nations", "*û-mē-ʾēlleh*": "conjunction wə- + preposition min + demonstrative pronoun, plural - and from these", "*niprədû*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person common plural - were separated/divided", "*ha-ggôyim*": "definite article ha- + masculine plural noun - the nations", "*bā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition bə- + definite article ha- + feminine singular noun - in the earth/land", "*ʾaḥar*": "preposition - after", "*ha-mmabbûl*": "definite article ha- + masculine singular noun - the flood" }, "variants": { "*mišpəḥōt*": "families/clans/tribes", "*tôlədōtām*": "their generations/their genealogical divisions/their descendants", "*niprədû*": "were separated/divided/dispersed/spread out", "*bāʾāreṣ*": "in the earth/in the land/throughout the world" } }
• Gen 12:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.3", "source": "וַאֲבָֽרֲכָה֙ מְבָ֣רְכֶ֔יךָ וּמְקַלֶּלְךָ֖ אָאֹ֑ר וְנִבְרְכ֣וּ בְךָ֔ כֹּ֖ל מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת הָאֲדָמָֽה׃", "text": "And-*waʾăbārekāh* *mebārekêkā* and-*ûmeqallelkā* *ʾāʾōr* and-*wenibrekû* in-*bekā* all *mišpeḥōt* the-*hāʾădāmāh*.", "grammar": { "*waʾăbārekāh*": "conjunction + imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - and I will bless", "*mebārekêkā*": "participle masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - those who bless you", "*ûmeqallelkā*": "conjunction + participle masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and the one who curses you", "*ʾāʾōr*": "imperfect 1st person singular - I will curse", "*wenibrekû*": "conjunction + perfect 3rd person plural niphal (passive/reflexive) - and they will be blessed/will bless themselves", "*bekā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - in you", "*mišpeḥōt*": "noun feminine plural construct - families/clans of", "*hāʾădāmāh*": "article + noun feminine singular - the ground/earth/land" }, "variants": { "*mebārekêkā*": "those who bless you/your blessers", "*meqallelkā*": "one who curses you/your curser", "*wenibrekû*": "they will be blessed/they will bless themselves/they will find blessing", "*mišpeḥōt*": "families/clans/tribes", "*hāʾădāmāh*": "the ground/earth/soil/land" } }
• Gen 28:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Genesis.28.14", "source": "וְהָיָ֤ה זַרְעֲךָ֙ כַּעֲפַ֣ר הָאָ֔רֶץ וּפָרַצְתָּ֛ יָ֥מָּה וָקֵ֖דְמָה וְצָפֹ֣נָה וָנֶ֑גְבָּה וְנִבְרֲכ֥וּ בְךָ֛ כָּל־מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת הָאֲדָמָ֖ה וּבְזַרְעֶֽךָ", "text": "*wə-hāyâ* *zarʿăkā* like-*ʿăpar* the-*ʾāreṣ* *û-pāraṣtā* *yāmmâ* *wā-qēdəmâ* *wə-ṣāpōnâ* *wā-negbâ* *wə-nibrəkû* in-you all-*mišpəḥōt* the-*ʾădāmâ* and-in-*zarʿekā*", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyâ*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and will be", "*zarʿăkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*ʿăpar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - dust of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the earth", "*û-pāraṣtā*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you will spread", "*yāmmâ*": "noun, masculine singular + directional heh - westward", "*wā-qēdəmâ*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + directional heh - and eastward", "*wə-ṣāpōnâ*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + directional heh - and northward", "*wā-negbâ*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + directional heh - and southward", "*wə-nibrəkû*": "waw conjunction + niphal perfect 3rd common plural - and will be blessed", "*mišpəḥōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - families/clans of", "*ʾădāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular + definite article - the ground/earth", "*zarʿekā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring" }, "variants": { "*hāyâ*": "will be/shall become", "*zarʿăkā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants", "*ʿăpar*": "dust/soil/dirt", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*pāraṣtā*": "you will spread/you will break forth/you will expand", "*yāmmâ*": "westward/seaward/to the sea", "*qēdəmâ*": "eastward/to the east", "*ṣāpōnâ*": "northward/to the north", "*negbâ*": "southward/to the south", "*nibrəkû*": "will be blessed/will find blessing/will gain blessing", "*mišpəḥōt*": "families/clans/tribes", "*ʾădāmâ*": "ground/soil/earth" } }
• Deut 11:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.11.17", "source": "וְחָרָ֨ה אַף־יְהוָ֜ה בָּכֶ֗ם וְעָצַ֤ר אֶת־הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה מָטָ֔ר וְהָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה לֹ֥א תִתֵּ֖ן אֶת־יְבוּלָ֑הּ וַאֲבַדְתֶּ֣ם מְהֵרָ֗ה מֵעַל֙ הָאָ֣רֶץ הַטֹּבָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה נֹתֵ֥ן לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wəḥārâ 'ap̄-YHWH* in-you *wə'āṣar 'et-haššāmayim wəlō'-yihyeh māṭār wəhā'ăḏāmâ lō' titten 'et-yəḇûlāh wa'ăḇaḏtem məhērâ mē'al hā'āreṣ haṭṭōḇâ 'ăšer YHWH nōtēn* to-you", "grammar": { "*wəḥārâ*": "qal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - burn/be kindled/be angry", "*'ap̄-YHWH*": "construct chain - anger/nose of YHWH", "*wə'āṣar*": "qal perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - restrain/shut up/withhold", "*'et-haššāmayim*": "direct object marker with definite article noun, masculine plural - the heavens", "*wəlō'-yihyeh*": "negative particle with qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - not be/exist/happen", "*māṭār*": "noun, masculine singular - rain", "*wəhā'ăḏāmâ*": "conjunction with definite article noun, feminine singular - the ground/land/earth", "*lō' titten*": "negative particle with qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - not give/grant/yield", "*'et-yəḇûlāh*": "direct object marker with noun plus possessive suffix - its produce/yield/fruit", "*wa'ăḇaḏtem*": "qal perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - perish/be destroyed/be lost", "*məhērâ*": "adverb - quickly/speedily/hastily", "*mē'al*": "preposition - from upon/from over", "*hā'āreṣ*": "definite article noun, feminine singular - the land/earth/ground", "*haṭṭōḇâ*": "definite article adjective, feminine singular - the good", "*'ăšer*": "relative particle - which/that/who", "*nōtēn*": "qal participle, masculine singular - giving/placing/putting" }, "variants": { "*wəḥārâ*": "burn/be kindled/become angry", "*'ap̄*": "nose/anger/wrath", "*wə'āṣar*": "restrain/shut up/withhold/hold back", "*māṭār*": "rain/rainfall", "*yəḇûlāh*": "produce/yield/fruit/increase", "*wa'ăḇaḏtem*": "perish/be destroyed/be lost/die", "*məhērâ*": "quickly/speedily/hastily/soon", "*haṭṭōḇâ*": "good/pleasant/agreeable/fertile" } }
• Deut 28:23-24 : 23 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.23", "source": "וְהָי֥וּ שָׁמֶ֛יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־רֹאשְׁךָ֖ נְחֹ֑שֶׁת וְהָאָ֥רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־תַּחְתֶּ֖יךָ בַּרְזֶֽל׃", "text": "*wəhāyû* *šāmêkā* *ʾăšer* *ʿal*-*rōʾšəkā* *nəḥōšet* *wəhāʾāreṣ* *ʾăšer*-*taḥtêkā* *barzel*", "grammar": { "*wəhāyû*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 3rd person plural - and they will be", "*šāmêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your heavens/skies", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʿal*-*rōʾšəkā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - over your head", "*nəḥōšet*": "noun, feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*wəhāʾāreṣ*": "conjunction (wə-) + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the earth/land", "*ʾăšer*-*taḥtêkā*": "relative pronoun + preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - which is beneath you", "*barzel*": "noun, masculine singular - iron" }, "variants": { "*šāmêkā*": "your heavens/skies", "*rōʾšəkā*": "your head", "*nəḥōšet*": "bronze/copper/brass", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*taḥtêkā*": "beneath/under you", "*barzel*": "iron" } } 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.24", "source": "יִתֵּ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מְטַ֥ר אַרְצְךָ֖ אָבָ֣ק וְעָפָ֑ר מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ יֵרֵ֣ד עָלֶ֔יךָ עַ֖ד הִשָּׁמְדָֽךְ׃", "text": "*yittēn* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*məṭar* *ʾarṣəkā* *ʾābāq* *wəʿāpār* *min*-*haššāmayim* *yērēd* *ʿālêkā* *ʿad* *hiššāmədāk*", "grammar": { "*yittēn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will give/make", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾet*-*məṭar*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - the rain of", "*ʾarṣəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your land", "*ʾābāq*": "noun, masculine singular - dust/powder", "*wəʿāpār*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, masculine singular - and dirt/dust", "*min*-*haššāmayim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - from the heavens", "*yērēd*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will come down", "*ʿālêkā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - upon you", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*hiššāmədāk*": "niphal infinitive construct of שמד with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your being destroyed" }, "variants": { "*yittēn*": "give/make/transform", "*məṭar*": "rain/rainfall", "*ʾarṣəkā*": "your land/country/territory", "*ʾābāq*": "dust/powder/fine particles", "*ʿāpār*": "dirt/dust/soil/earth", "*haššāmayim*": "the heavens/sky", "*yērēd*": "come down/descend/fall", "*hiššāmədāk*": "your destruction/annihilation" } }
• 1 Kgs 8:35 : 35 { "verseID": "1 Kings.8.35", "source": "בְּהֵעָצֵ֥ר שָׁמַ֛יִם וְלֹא־יִהְיֶ֥ה מָטָ֖ר כִּ֣י יֶחֶטְאוּ־לָ֑ךְ וְהִֽתְפַּֽלְל֞וּ אֶל־הַמָּק֤וֹם הַזֶּה֙ וְהוֹד֣וּ אֶת־שְׁמֶ֔ךָ וּמֵחַטָּאתָ֥ם יְשׁוּב֖וּן כִּ֥י תַעֲנֵֽם׃", "text": "When *bəhēʿāṣēr* *šāmayim* and not-*yihyeh* *māṭār* because *yeḥeṭʾû*-to you, and *wəhitpalǝlû* to *hammāqôm* *hazzeh* and *wəhôdû* *ʾet*-*šəmekā* and from *ûmēḥaṭṭāʾtām* *yəšûbûn* because *taʿănēm*.", "grammar": { "*bəhēʿāṣēr*": "preposition + Niphal infinitive construct - when being shut up/restrained", "*šāmayim*": "noun masculine plural - heavens", "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - there will be", "*māṭār*": "noun masculine singular - rain", "*yeḥeṭʾû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they sin", "*wəhitpalǝlû*": "conjunction + Hitpael perfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they pray", "*hammāqôm*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the place", "*hazzeh*": "demonstrative adjective - this", "*wəhôdû*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they confess/praise", "*šəmekā*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name", "*ûmēḥaṭṭāʾtām*": "conjunction + preposition + noun feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and from their sins", "*yəšûbûn*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural paragogic nun - they will return", "*taʿănēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - you afflict/humble them" }, "variants": { "*ʿāṣar*": "shut up/restrain/hold back", "*māṭār*": "rain/rainfall", "*ʿānâ*": "afflict/humble/oppress/answer" } }
• Jer 14:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.14.22", "source": "הֲיֵ֨שׁ בְּהַבְלֵ֤י הַגּוֹיִם֙ מַגְשִׁמִ֔ים וְאִם־הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם יִתְּנ֣וּ רְבִבִ֑ים הֲלֹ֨א אַתָּה־ה֜וּא יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ וּ֨נְקַוֶּה־לָּ֔ךְ כִּֽי־אַתָּ֥ה עָשִׂ֖יתָ אֶת־כָּל־אֵֽלֶּה׃ פ", "text": "?Is-there in-*haḇlê* the-*gôyim* *maḡšimîm* and-if-the-*šāmayim* *yittənû* *rəḇîḇîm* ?not-*ʾattāh*-*hûʾ* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* and-*nəqawweh*-to-you for-*ʾattāh* *ʿāśîṯā* *kāl*-these", "grammar": { "*haḇlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct with preposition + definite article - in the vanities of", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the nations", "*maḡšimîm*": "hiphil participle, masculine plural - causing rain", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine dual with definite article - the heavens", "*yittənû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they will give", "*rəḇîḇîm*": "noun, masculine plural - showers", "*ʾattāh*": "pronoun, 2nd singular masculine - you", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd singular masculine - he", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*nəqawweh*": "piel imperfect, 1st plural - we hope", "*ʾattāh*": "pronoun, 2nd singular masculine - you", "*ʿāśîṯā*": "qal perfect, 2nd singular masculine - you have made", "*kāl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of" }, "variants": { "*haḇlê*": "vanities/empty things/idols", "*maḡšimîm*": "causing rain/bringing rain/producing rain", "*rəḇîḇîm*": "showers/copious rains/scattered drops", "*nəqawweh*": "we hope/wait for/expect" } }
• Amos 3:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Amos.3.2", "source": "רַ֚ק אֶתְכֶ֣ם יָדַ֔עְתִּי מִכֹּ֖ל מִשְׁפְּח֣וֹת הָאֲדָמָ֑ה עַל־כֵּן֙ אֶפְקֹ֣ד עֲלֵיכֶ֔ם אֵ֖ת כָּל־עֲוֺנֹֽתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*Raq* *ʾetkem* *yādaʿtî* *mikol* *mišpəḥôt* *hā-ʾădāmâ*; *ʿal*-*kēn* *ʾepqōd* *ʿălêkem* *ʾēt* *kol*-*ʿăwōnōtêkem*", "grammar": { "*Raq*": "adverb - only", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*yādaʿtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st singular - I have known", "*mikol*": "preposition + construct - from all of", "*mišpəḥôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - families/clans of", "*hā-ʾădāmâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/ground/land", "*ʿal*": "preposition", "*kēn*": "adverb - so/thus/therefore", "*ʾepqōd*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will visit/punish", "*ʿălêkem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - upon you", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "construct - all of", "*ʿăwōnōtêkem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your iniquities" }, "variants": { "*yādaʿtî*": "known/chosen/selected/acknowledged/cared for", "*mišpəḥôt*": "families/clans/tribes", "*ʾădāmâ*": "earth/ground/land/soil", "*ʾepqōd*": "visit/punish/attend to/reckon with", "*ʿăwōnōt*": "iniquities/sins/wrongdoings/guilty acts" } }
• Amos 4:7-8 : 7 { "verseID": "Amos.4.7", "source": "וְגַ֣ם אָנֹכִי֩ מָנַ֨עְתִּי מִכֶּ֜ם אֶת־הַגֶּ֗שֶׁם בְּע֨וֹד שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה חֳדָשִׁים֙ לַקָּצִ֔יר וְהִמְטַרְתִּי֙ עַל־עִ֣יר אֶחָ֔ת וְעַל־עִ֥יר אַחַ֖ת לֹ֣א אַמְטִ֑יר חֶלְקָ֤ה אַחַת֙ תִּמָּטֵ֔ר וְחֶלְקָ֛ה אֲשֶֽׁר־לֹֽא־תַמְטִ֥יר עָלֶ֖יהָ תִּיבָֽשׁ׃", "text": "*wǝ-gam* *ʾānōkî* *mānaʿtî* from you *ʾet*-the-*gešem* in *ʿôd* *šǝlōšāh* *ḥǒdāšîm* to the-*qāṣîr* *wǝ-himṭartî* upon-*ʿîr* *ʾeḥāt* and upon-*ʿîr* *ʾaḥat* not *ʾamṭîr*; *ḥelqāh* *ʾaḥat* *timmāṭēr* and *ḥelqāh* which-not-*tamṭîr* upon it *tîbāš*", "grammar": { "*wǝ-gam*": "conjunction + particle - and also", "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*mānaʿtî*": "perfect, 1st person singular - I withheld", "*ʾet*-the-*gešem*": "direct object marker + the rain", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/when", "*šǝlōšāh*": "cardinal number, masculine - three", "*ḥǒdāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - months", "*qāṣîr*": "noun, masculine singular - harvest", "*wǝ-himṭartî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st person singular, hiphil - and I caused to rain", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*ʾeḥāt*": "cardinal number, feminine singular - one", "*ʾamṭîr*": "imperfect, 1st person singular, hiphil - I will cause to rain", "*ḥelqāh*": "noun, feminine singular - portion/piece of land", "*timmāṭēr*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular, niphal - it will be rained upon", "*tamṭîr*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular, hiphil - it causes rain", "*tîbāš*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular, qal - it will dry up/wither" }, "variants": { "*mānaʿtî*": "withheld/kept back/restrained", "*gešem*": "rain/shower", "*qāṣîr*": "harvest/harvesting", "*himṭartî*": "caused rain to fall/sent rain", "*ʾamṭîr*": "cause rain to fall/send rain", "*ḥelqāh*": "portion/piece/part of land/field", "*tîbāš*": "dry up/wither/be dried up" } } 8 { "verseID": "Amos.4.8", "source": "וְנָע֡וּ שְׁתַּיִם֩ שָׁלֹ֨שׁ עָרִ֜ים אֶל־עִ֥יר אַחַ֛ת לִשְׁתּ֥וֹת מַ֖יִם וְלֹ֣א יִשְׂבָּ֑עוּ וְלֹֽא־שַׁבְתֶּ֥ם עָדַ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wǝ-nāʿû* *šǝttayim* *šālōš* *ʿārîm* to-*ʿîr* *ʾaḥat* to *lištôt* *mayim* and not *yiśbāʿû* *wǝ-lōʾ*-*šabtem* *ʿāday* *nǝʾum*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wǝ-nāʿû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd person common plural - and they wandered/staggered", "*šǝttayim*": "cardinal number, feminine - two", "*šālōš*": "cardinal number, feminine - three", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*ʾaḥat*": "cardinal number, feminine singular - one", "*lištôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to drink", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*yiśbāʿû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, qal - they will be satisfied", "*wǝ-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*šabtem*": "perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you have returned", "*ʿāday*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - unto me", "*nǝʾum*": "construct noun - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name" }, "variants": { "*nāʿû*": "wandered/staggered/shook", "*šǝttayim šālōš*": "two or three [idiomatic for 'several']", "*yiśbāʿû*": "be satisfied/have enough", "*šabtem*": "returned/turned back/repented" } }
• Zech 14:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Zechariah.14.16", "source": "וְהָיָ֗ה כָּל־הַנּוֹתָר֙ מִכָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם הַבָּאִ֖ים עַל־יְרֽוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וְעָל֞וּ מִדֵּ֧י שָׁנָ֣ה בְשָׁנָ֗ה לְהִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺת֙ לְמֶ֙לֶךְ֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת וְלָחֹ֖ג אֶת־חַ֥ג הַסֻּכּֽוֹת׃", "text": "And *wəhāyâ kol-hannôtār mikkol-haggôyim habbāʾîm ʿal-yərûšālāim wəʿālû middê šānâ bəšānâ ləhištaḥăwōt ləmelek YHWH ṣəbāʾôt wəlāḥōg ʾet-ḥag hassukkôt*.", "grammar": { "*wəhāyâ*": "waw-consecutive + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and it will be", "*kol*": "masculine singular construct - all/every", "*hannôtār*": "niphal participle masculine singular with definite article - the remaining/left", "*mikkol*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - from all", "*haggôyim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the nations", "*habbāʾîm*": "qal participle masculine plural with definite article - the ones coming", "*ʿal-yərûšālāim*": "preposition + proper noun - against Jerusalem", "*wəʿālû*": "waw-consecutive + qal perfect 3rd masculine plural - and they will go up", "*middê*": "preposition + construct state - from enough of", "*šānâ*": "feminine singular noun - year", "*bəšānâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - in year", "*ləhištaḥăwōt*": "preposition + hitpael infinitive construct - to worship/bow down", "*ləmelek*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - to king of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "masculine plural noun - hosts/armies", "*wəlāḥōg*": "waw-conjunction + preposition + qal infinitive construct - and to celebrate", "*ʾet-ḥag*": "direct object marker + masculine singular construct - the feast of", "*hassukkôt*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the booths/tabernacles" }, "variants": { "*wəhāyâ*": "it will be/come to pass/happen", "*hannôtār*": "the remaining/survivor/remnant", "*habbāʾîm*": "the ones coming/who came/attackers", "*wəʿālû*": "they will go up/ascend/make pilgrimage", "*middê šānâ bəšānâ*": "year by year/yearly/annually", "*ləhištaḥăwōt*": "to worship/bow down/prostrate oneself", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/multitudes", "*wəlāḥōg*": "and to celebrate/observe/keep", "*hassukkôt*": "the booths/tabernacles/huts" } }
• Acts 17:26-27 : 26 { "verseID": "Acts.17.26", "source": "Ἐποίησέν τε ἐξ ἑνὸς αἵματός πᾶν ἔθνος ἀνθρώπων κατοικεῖν ἐπὶ πᾶν τὸ πρόσωπον τῆς γῆς, ὁρίσας προτεταγμένους καιροὺς, καὶ τὰς ὁροθεσίας τῆς κατοικίας αὐτῶν·", "text": "He *epoiēsen* *te* from one *haimatos* every *ethnos* of *anthrōpōn* to *katoikein* upon all the *prosōpon* of the *gēs*, having *horisas* predetermined *kairous*, and the *horothesias* of the *katoikias* of them;", "grammar": { "*epoiēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he made", "*te*": "conjunction - and/also", "*haimatos*": "genitive singular neuter - of blood", "*ethnos*": "accusative singular neuter - nation", "*anthrōpōn*": "genitive plural masculine - of humans", "*katoikein*": "present active infinitive - to dwell", "*prosōpon*": "accusative singular neuter - face/surface", "*gēs*": "genitive singular feminine - of earth", "*horisas*": "aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine - having determined", "*kairous*": "accusative plural masculine - times/seasons", "*horothesias*": "accusative plural feminine - boundaries", "*katoikias*": "genitive singular feminine - of dwelling/habitation" }, "variants": { "*epoiēsen*": "made/created/fashioned", "*haimatos*": "blood/bloodline/ancestry", "*ethnos*": "nation/people/race", "*katoikein*": "to dwell/inhabit/live", "*prosōpon*": "face/surface/presence", "*horisas*": "having determined/appointed/fixed", "*kairous*": "times/seasons/appointed periods", "*horothesias*": "boundaries/limits/borders", "*katoikias*": "dwelling/habitation/settlement" } } 27 { "verseID": "Acts.17.27", "source": "Ζητεῖν τὸν Κύριον, εἰ ἄρα γε ψηλαφήσειαν αὐτὸν, καὶ εὕροιεν, καίτοιγε οὐ μακρὰν ἀπὸ ἑνὸς ἑκάστου ἡμῶν ὑπάρχοντα:", "text": "To *zētein* the *Kyrion*, if *ara* *ge* they might *psēlaphēseian* him, and might *heuroien*, though indeed not *makran* from one *hekastou* of us *hyparchonta*:", "grammar": { "*zētein*": "present active infinitive - to seek", "*Kyrion*": "accusative singular masculine - Lord", "*ara*": "inferential particle - therefore/consequently", "*ge*": "emphatic particle - indeed/at least", "*psēlaphēseian*": "aorist active optative, 3rd person plural - they might feel after/grope for", "*heuroien*": "aorist active optative, 3rd person plural - they might find", "*makran*": "adverb - far", "*hekastou*": "genitive singular masculine - of each", "*hyparchonta*": "present active participle, accusative singular masculine - being/existing" }, "variants": { "*zētein*": "to seek/search for/look for", "*ara*": "therefore/consequently/then", "*psēlaphēseian*": "might feel after/might grope for/might touch", "*heuroien*": "might find/might discover", "*makran*": "far/distant", "*hyparchonta*": "being/existing/present" } }
• Rom 14:10-11 : 10 { "verseID": "Romans.14.10", "source": "Σὺ δὲ τί κρίνεις τὸν ἀδελφόν σου; ἢ καὶ σὺ τί ἐξουθενεῖς τὸν ἀδελφόν σου; πάντες γὰρ παραστησόμεθα τῷ βήματι τοῦ Χριστοῦ.", "text": "But you why *krineis* the *adelphon* of you? Or also you why *exoutheneis* the *adelphon* of you? For *pantes* we will *parastēsometha* to the *bēmati* of the *Christou*.", "grammar": { "*krineis*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd singular - judge", "*adelphon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - brother", "*exoutheneis*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd singular - despise/regard as nothing", "*pantes*": "nominative, masculine, plural - all", "*parastēsometha*": "future, middle, indicative, 1st plural - will stand before/present ourselves", "*bēmati*": "dative, neuter, singular - judgment seat", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Christ/Christ's" }, "variants": { "*krineis*": "judge/condemn/criticize", "*adelphon*": "brother/fellow believer", "*exoutheneis*": "despise/regard as nothing/treat with contempt", "*parastēsometha*": "will stand before/will present ourselves/will appear", "*bēmati*": "judgment seat/tribunal" } } 11 { "verseID": "Romans.14.11", "source": "Γέγραπται γάρ, Ζῶ ἐγώ, λέγει Κύριος, ὅτι ἐμοὶ κάμψει πᾶν γόνυ, καὶ πᾶσα γλῶσσα ἐξομολογήσεται τῷ Θεῷ.", "text": "For it has been *gegraptai*, *Zō* I, *legei Kyrios*, that to *emoi kampsei pan gony*, and *pasa glōssa exomologēsetai* to the *Theō*.", "grammar": { "*gegraptai*": "perfect, passive, indicative, 3rd singular - has been written", "*Zō*": "present, active, indicative, 1st singular - I live", "*legei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd singular - says", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*emoi*": "dative, 1st singular personal pronoun - to me", "*kampsei*": "future, active, indicative, 3rd singular - will bow", "*pan*": "nominative, neuter, singular - every", "*gony*": "nominative, neuter, singular - knee", "*pasa*": "nominative, feminine, singular - every", "*glōssa*": "nominative, feminine, singular - tongue", "*exomologēsetai*": "future, middle, indicative, 3rd singular - will confess/acknowledge", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - God" }, "variants": { "*gegraptai*": "has been written/is written/stands written", "*Zō*": "I live/I am alive", "*legei*": "says/speaks/declares", "*kampsei*": "will bow/will bend", "*gony*": "knee", "*glōssa*": "tongue/language", "*exomologēsetai*": "will confess/will acknowledge/will praise" } }
• Jas 5:17 : 17 { "verseID": "James.5.17", "source": "Ἠλίας ἄνθρωπος ἦν ὁμοιοπαθὴς ἡμῖν, καὶ προσευχῇ προσηύξατο τοῦ μὴ βρέξαι: καὶ οὐκ ἔβρεξεν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἐνιαυτοὺς τρεῖς καὶ μῆνας ἕξ.", "text": "*Ēlias anthrōpos ēn homoiopathēs* us, and *proseuchē prosēuxato tou mē brexai*: and *ouk ebrexen epi tēs gēs eniautous treis kai mēnas hex*.", "grammar": { "*Ēlias*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Elijah", "*anthrōpos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - man/human", "*ēn*": "imperfect active, 3rd singular - was", "*homoiopathēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - of like passions/nature", "us": "dative, 1st plural - to us", "*proseuchē*": "dative, feminine, singular - with prayer", "*prosēuxato*": "aorist middle, 3rd singular - he prayed", "*tou mē brexai*": "articular infinitive with negative - not to rain", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*ebrexen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - it rained", "*epi*": "preposition + genitive - upon", "*tēs gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - the earth/land", "*eniautous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - years", "*treis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - three", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*mēnas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - months", "*hex*": "accusative - six" }, "variants": { "*Ēlias*": "Elijah (Hebrew prophet)", "*anthrōpos*": "man/human/person", "*homoiopathēs*": "of like passions/nature/having same feelings (emphasizing common humanity)", "*proseuchē prosēuxato*": "he prayed with prayer (Hebraic emphasis construction)", "*tou mē brexai*": "for it not to rain/that it might not rain", "*ebrexen*": "it rained (impersonal usage)", "*eniautous treis kai mēnas hex*": "three years and six months" } }
• Rev 11:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Revelation.11.6", "source": "Οὗτοι ἔχουσιν ἐξουσίαν κλεῖσαι τὸν οὐρανόν, ἵνα μὴ ὑετὸς βρέχῃ ἐν ἡμέραις αὐτῶν τῆς προφητείας: καὶ ἐξουσίαν ἔχουσιν ἐπὶ τῶν ὑδάτων στρέφειν αὐτὰ εἰς αἷμα, καὶ πατάξαι τὴν γῆν ἐν πάσῃ πληγῇ, ὁσάκις ἐὰν θελήσωσιν.", "text": "These *echousin* *exousian* to *kleisai* the *ouranon*, so that not *hyetos* *brechē* in *hēmerais* of them of the *prophēteias*: and *exousian* they *echousin* over the *hydatōn* to *strephein* them into *haima*, and to *pataxai* the *gēn* with every *plēgē*, as often as *ean* they *thelēsōsin*.", "grammar": { "*echousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd plural - they have", "*exousian*": "accusative feminine singular - authority/power", "*kleisai*": "aorist active infinitive - to shut/close", "*ouranon*": "accusative masculine singular - heaven/sky", "*hyetos*": "nominative masculine singular - rain", "*brechē*": "present active subjunctive, 3rd singular - might rain/fall", "*hēmerais*": "dative feminine plural - in days", "*prophēteias*": "genitive feminine singular - of prophecy", "*hydatōn*": "genitive neuter plural - of waters", "*strephein*": "present active infinitive - to turn/transform", "*haima*": "accusative neuter singular - blood", "*pataxai*": "aorist active infinitive - to strike/smite", "*gēn*": "accusative feminine singular - earth/land", "*plēgē*": "dative feminine singular - plague/stroke", "*ean*": "conditional particle - if/whenever", "*thelēsōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd plural - they might wish/desire" }, "variants": { "*exousian*": "authority/power/right", "*kleisai*": "shut/close/lock", "*ouranon*": "heaven/sky", "*hyetos*": "rain/rainfall", "*brechē*": "rain/fall as rain/wet", "*prophēteias*": "prophecy/prophesying", "*hydatōn*": "waters/bodies of water", "*strephein*": "turn/transform/change", "*haima*": "blood/bloodshed", "*pataxai*": "strike/smite/afflict", "*plēgē*": "plague/blow/stroke" } }