Isaiah 3:8

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

For Jerusalem has stumbled, and Judah has fallen, because their speech and actions are against the LORD, challenging His glorious presence.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כִּ֤י כָשְׁלָה֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וִיהוּדָ֖ה נָפָ֑ל כִּֽי־לְשׁוֹנָ֤ם וּמַֽעַלְלֵיהֶם֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה לַמְר֖וֹת עֵנֵ֥י כְבוֹדֽוֹ

Transliteration

For kāšəlāh Yərûšālaim and-Yəhûdāh nāpāl; for-ləšônām and-maʿalləlêhem against-YHWH, to-mamrôt ʿênê kəbôdô

Grammar Details

• *kî*: conjunction - for/because
• *kāšəlāh*: Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she has stumbled/staggered
• *Yərûšālaim*: proper noun, feminine - Jerusalem
• *Yəhûdāh*: proper noun - Judah
• *nāpāl*: Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has fallen
• *ləšônām*: noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their tongue
• *maʿalləlêhem*: noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their deeds/practices
• *ʾel*: preposition - against/toward
• *YHWH*: divine name
• *ləmamrôt*: preposition with Hiphil infinitive construct - to rebel against/to defy
• *ʿênê*: noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of
• *kəbôdô*: noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his glory

Word Meanings

• *kāšəlāh*: has stumbled/staggered/tottered
• *nāpāl*: has fallen/collapsed/been brought down
• *lāšôn*: tongue/language/speech
• *maʿalləlîm*: deeds/practices/doings
• *mamrôt*: to rebel against/to defy/to provoke
• *ʿênayim*: eyes/sight/presence
• *kābôd*: glory/honor/splendor

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  For Jerusalem is ruined, and Judah is fallen: because their tongue and their doings are against the LORD, to provoke the eyes of his glory.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  For Jerusalem is ruined, and Judah is fallen, because their speech and their actions are against the LORD, to provoke the eyes of His glory.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  For Jerusalem is ruined, and Judah is fallen: because their tongue and their doings are against the LORD, to provoke the eyes of his glory.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  For Jerusalem{H3389} is ruined,{H3782} and Judah{H3063} is fallen;{H5307} because their tongue{H3956} and their doings{H4611} are against Jehovah,{H3068} to provoke{H4784} the eyes{H5869} of his glory.{H3519}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  For Jerusalem{H3389} is ruined{H3782}{(H8804)}, and Judah{H3063} is fallen{H5307}{(H8804)}: because their tongue{H3956} and their doings{H4611} are against the LORD{H3068}, to provoke{H4784}{(H8687)} the eyes{H5869} of his glory{H3519}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  For Ierusalem and Iuda must decaye, because that both their wordes and councels are agaynst the LORDE, they prouoke the presence of his magesty vnto anger.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Doubtlesse Ierusalem is fallen, and Iudah is fallen downe, because their tongue & workes are against the Lord, to prouoke the eyes of his glory.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  For Hierusalem and Iuda must decay: because that both their wordes and counsayles are agaynst the Lorde to prouoke the presence of his maiestie to anger.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  For Jerusalem is ruined, and Judah is fallen: because their tongue and their doings [are] against the LORD, to provoke the eyes of his glory.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  For Jerusalem is ruined, and Judah is fallen; Because their tongue and their doings are against Yahweh, To provoke the eyes of his glory.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  For stumbled hath Jerusalem, and Judah hath fallen, For their tongue and their doings `are' against Jehovah, To provoke the eyes of His glory.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  For Jerusalem is ruined, and Judah is fallen; because their tongue and their doings are against Jehovah, to provoke the eyes of his glory.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  For Jerusalem is ruined, and Judah is fallen; because their tongue and their doings are against Jehovah, to provoke the eyes of his glory.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  For Jerusalem has become feeble, and destruction has come on Judah, because their words and their acts are against the Lord, moving the eyes of his glory to wrath.

• World English Bible (2000)

  For Jerusalem is ruined, and Judah is fallen; because their tongue and their doings are against Yahweh, to provoke the eyes of his glory.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Jerusalem certainly stumbles, Judah falls, for their words and their actions offend the LORD; they rebel against his royal authority.

Referenced Verses

• 2 Chr 28:5-7 : 5 Therefore, the LORD his God allowed him to fall into the hands of the king of Aram. They defeated him, took a great number of captives, and brought them to Damascus. He was also handed over to the king of Israel, who inflicted a heavy defeat on him. 6 Pekah son of Remaliah killed 120,000 warriors in Judah in one day because they had abandoned the LORD, the God of their ancestors. 7 Zichri, a mighty warrior from Ephraim, killed Maaseiah, the king’s son, as well as Azrikam, the palace officer, and Elkanah, the second to the king.
• 2 Chr 28:18 : 18 The Philistines also raided towns in the foothills and the Negev of Judah. They captured and settled in Beth Shemesh, Aijalon, Gederoth, Soco and its villages, Timnah and its villages, and Gimzo and its villages.
• 2 Chr 33:6-7 : 6 He sacrificed his sons in the fire in the Valley of Ben Hinnom, practiced divination, sought omens, practiced witchcraft, and consulted mediums and spiritists. He did much evil in the sight of the LORD, provoking him to anger. 7 Manasseh took a carved idol that he had made and placed it in the temple of God, of which God had said to David and to his son Solomon, 'In this temple and in Jerusalem, which I have chosen out of all the tribes of Israel, I will put my Name forever.'
• 2 Chr 33:11 : 11 So the LORD brought against them the commanders of the army of the king of Assyria. They captured Manasseh with hooks, bound him with bronze shackles, and took him to Babylon.
• 2 Chr 36:17-19 : 17 So He brought up against them the king of the Chaldeans, who killed their young men with the sword in their sanctuary and showed no mercy to young men, young women, the elderly, or the infirm; God delivered them all into his hand. 18 He carried away all the articles of the house of God, both large and small, and the treasures of the LORD’s house, as well as the treasures of the king and of his officials. He brought them all to Babylon. 19 They burned the house of God, tore down the wall of Jerusalem, and burned all its palaces with fire, destroying all its valuable articles.
• Ps 73:8-9 : 8 They scoff and speak with malice; with arrogance, they threaten oppression. 9 They set their mouths against the heavens, and their tongues strut through the earth. 10 Therefore His people turn to them and drink up waters in abundance. 11 They say, 'How does God know? Is there knowledge in the Most High?'
• Isa 1:7 : 7 Your land is desolate, your cities are burned with fire; in your presence, foreigners devour your fields. It is desolate, as if overthrown by strangers.
• Isa 5:18-19 : 18 Woe to those who drag iniquity with cords of falsehood and sin as if with cart ropes! 19 To those who say, 'Let God hurry and work quickly so we may see it! Let the plan of the Holy One of Israel come so we may know it!'
• Isa 9:17 : 17 For wickedness burns like a fire; it consumes briers and thorns. It sets the thickets of the forest ablaze, and they roll upward in columns of smoke.
• Isa 57:4 : 4 Whom are you mocking? Against whom do you open wide your mouth and stick out your tongue? Are you not children of rebellion, offspring of deceit?
• Isa 65:3-5 : 3 These people continually provoke me to my face, offering sacrifices in gardens and burning incense on bricks. 4 They sit among graves and spend the night in secret places; they eat the flesh of pigs, and their pots hold broth of impure things. 5 They say, 'Keep away; do not come near me, for I am holier than you.' These are like smoke in my nostrils, a fire that burns all day long.
• Jer 26:6 : 6 then I will make this house like Shiloh, and I will make this city an object of cursing among all the nations on earth.'
• Jer 26:18 : 18 'Micah of Moresheth prophesied in the days of Hezekiah, king of Judah, and said to all the people of Judah, “This is what the LORD of Hosts says: Zion will be plowed like a field, Jerusalem will become a pile of ruins, and the temple mount will become overgrown with thickets.”'
• Lam 5:16-17 : 16 The crown has fallen from our head. Woe to us, for we have sinned! 17 Because of this, our hearts are faint, and our eyes grow dim with tears.
• Ezek 8:4-6 : 4 And there was the glory of the God of Israel, like the vision that I had seen in the valley. 5 Then He said to me, 'Son of man, lift up your eyes now toward the north.' So I lifted my eyes toward the north, and there, north of the gate of the altar, was this idol of jealousy at the entrance. 6 And He said to me, 'Son of man, do you see what they are doing—the great abominations that the house of Israel is committing here, to drive me far from my sanctuary? But you will see even greater abominations.'
• Ezek 8:12 : 12 Then He said to me, 'Son of man, have you seen what the elders of the house of Israel are doing in the darkness, each in the chamber of his carved images? For they say, ‘The Lord does not see us; the Lord has abandoned the land.’'
• Ezek 8:17-18 : 17 And He said to me, 'Have you seen this, son of man? Is it a trivial thing for the house of Judah to commit the abominations they commit here? For they have filled the land with violence and continually anger Me. Behold, they are even putting the branch to their nose! 18 Therefore I will act in wrath. My eye will not spare, nor will I have compassion. Even though they cry out loudly in My ears, I will not hear them.'
• Ezek 9:9 : 9 He said to me, 'The iniquity of the house of Israel and Judah is extremely great. The land is full of bloodshed, and the city is full of injustice. They say, "The LORD has abandoned the land, and the LORD does not see."'
• Hos 7:16 : 16 They turn, but not to the Most High; they are like a faulty bow. Their princes will fall by the sword because of their insolent words. This will be their derision in the land of Egypt.
• Mic 3:12 : 12 Therefore because of you, Zion will be plowed like a field, Jerusalem will become a heap of ruins, and the mountain of the temple will become a high place overgrown with thickets.
• Hab 1:13 : 13 Your eyes are too pure to look on evil, and You cannot tolerate wrongdoing. So why do You tolerate the treacherous? Why are You silent while the wicked swallow up those more righteous than themselves?
• Mal 3:13-15 : 13 Your words against me have been harsh, says the Lord. But you ask, 'What have we spoken against you? 14 You have said, 'Serving God is futile. What profit is there in keeping his requirements or walking mournfully before the Lord of Hosts? 15 Now we call the proud blessed, for those who do evil prosper, and those who test God escape.'
• Matt 12:36-37 : 36 I tell you, on the Day of Judgment, people will give an account for every idle word they speak. 37 For by your words you will be justified, and by your words you will be condemned.
• 1 Cor 10:22 : 22 Or are we trying to provoke the Lord to jealousy? Are we stronger than He is?
• Jude 1:15 : 15 to execute judgment on all and to convict all the ungodly of all their ungodly deeds they have committed, and of all the harsh words that ungodly sinners have spoken against Him.