Jeremiah 20:12

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

O LORD of Hosts, you who test the righteous and see the heart and mind, let me see your vengeance upon them, for I have presented my case to you.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ בֹּחֵ֣ן צַדִּ֔יק רֹאֶ֥ה כְלָי֖וֹת וָלֵ֑ב אֶרְאֶ֤ה נִקְמָֽתְךָ֙ מֵהֶ֔ם כִּ֥י אֵלֶ֖יךָ גִּלִּ֥יתִי אֶת־רִיבִֽי׃

Transliteration

And waYHWH ṣəbāʾôt bōḥēn ṣaddîq, rōʾeh kəlāyôt and wālēb, ʾerʾeh niqmātəḵā from them for to you gillîtî ʾet-rîbî.

Grammar Details

• *waYHWH*: waw + proper noun, divine name - and the LORD
• *ṣəbāʾôt*: noun, masculine plural - of hosts
• *bōḥēn*: qal participle, masculine singular - testing/examining
• *ṣaddîq*: adjective, masculine singular - righteous
• *rōʾeh*: qal participle, masculine singular - seeing
• *kəlāyôt*: noun, feminine plural - kidneys/inward parts
• *wālēb*: waw + noun, masculine singular - and heart
• *ʾerʾeh*: qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I will see
• *niqmātəḵā*: noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your vengeance
• *mēhem*: preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them
• *ʾēlêḵā*: preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you
• *gillîtî*: piel perfect, 1st common singular - I have revealed
• *rîbî*: noun, masculine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - my cause/case

Word Meanings

• *YHWH ṣəbāʾôt*: LORD of hosts/LORD of armies
• *bōḥēn ṣaddîq*: tester of the righteous/one who examines the righteous
• *kəlāyôt wālēb*: kidneys and heart/inmost thoughts and emotions/mind and heart
• *niqmātəḵā*: your vengeance/revenge/retribution
• *gillîtî*: I have revealed/uncovered/disclosed
• *rîbî*: my cause/case/complaint/controversy

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But, O LORD of hosts, that triest the righteous, and seest the reins and the heart, let me see thy vengeance on them: for unto thee have I opened my cause.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But, O LORD of hosts, who tests the righteous, and sees the reins and the heart, let me see your vengeance on them: for to you have I opened my cause.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But, O LORD of hosts, that triest the righteous, and seest the reins and the heart, let me see thy vengeance on them: for unto thee have I opened my cause.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  But, O Jehovah{H3068} of hosts,{H6635} that triest{H974} the righteous,{H6662} that seest{H7200} the heart{H3629} and the mind,{H3820} let me see{H7200} thy vengeance{H5360} on them; for unto thee have I revealed{H1540} my cause.{H7379}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But, O LORD{H3068} of hosts{H6635}, that triest{H974}{(H8802)} the righteous{H6662}, and seest{H7200}{(H8802)} the reins{H3629} and the heart{H3820}, let me see{H7200}{(H8799)} thy vengeance{H5360} on them: for unto thee have I opened{H1540}{(H8765)} my cause{H7379}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And now, o LORDE of hoostes, thou rightuous sercher) which knowest the reynes and the very hertes:) let me se them punyshed, for vnto the I committe my cause.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But, O Lorde of hostes, that tryest the righteous, and seest the reines and the heart, let me see thy vengeance on them: for vnto thee haue I opened my cause.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And nowe O Lorde of hoastes that triest the righteous, which knowest the raynes and the very heartes, let me see them punished: for vnto thee I haue declared my cause.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  But, O LORD of hosts, that triest the righteous, [and] seest the reins and the heart, let me see thy vengeance on them: for unto thee have I opened my cause.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  But, Yahweh of Hosts, who tests the righteous, who sees the heart and the mind, let me see your vengeance on them; for to you have I revealed my cause.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And, O Jehovah of Hosts, trier of the righteous, Beholder of reins and heart, I do see Thy vengeance out of them, For unto Thee I have revealed my cause.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But, O Jehovah of hosts, that triest the righteous, that seest the heart and the mind, let me see thy vengeance on them; for unto thee have I revealed my cause.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But, O Jehovah of hosts, that triest the righteous, that seest the heart and the mind, let me see thy vengeance on them; for unto thee have I revealed my cause.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But, O Lord of armies, testing the upright and seeing the thoughts and the heart, let me see your punishment come on them; for I have put my cause before you.

• World English Bible (2000)

  But, Yahweh of Armies, who tests the righteous, who sees the heart and the mind, let me see your vengeance on them; for to you have I revealed my cause.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  O LORD of Heaven’s Armies, you test and prove the righteous. You see into people’s hearts and minds. Pay them back for what they have done because I trust you to vindicate my cause.

Referenced Verses

• Jer 11:20 : 20 But, LORD of Hosts, who judges righteously and tests the heart and mind, let me see your vengeance on them, for I have presented my case to you.
• Ps 62:8 : 8 My salvation and my honor depend on God; He is my mighty rock, my refuge.
• Ps 54:7 : 7 He will bring evil back upon my enemies; in Your faithfulness, destroy them.
• Ps 59:10 : 10 My strength, I watch for you; for God is my fortress.
• Ps 7:9 : 9 The Lord will judge the peoples. Vindicate me, O Lord, according to my righteousness and my integrity.
• Jer 17:10 : 10 I, the LORD, search the heart and test the mind, to give each person according to his ways, according to the fruit of his deeds.
• Ps 11:5 : 5 The LORD examines the righteous, but the wicked—those who love violence—he hates with a passion.
• Ps 17:3 : 3 You have tested my heart; you have visited me at night. You have refined me and found no evil. I have resolved that my mouth will not transgress.
• Ps 26:2-3 : 2 Examine me, Lord, and test me; refine my inner thoughts and my heart. 3 For Your steadfast love is always before my eyes, and I have walked in Your truth.
• Ps 139:23 : 23 Search me, God, and know my heart; test me and know my anxious thoughts.
• Isa 37:14 : 14 Hezekiah received the letters from the messengers, read them, and went up to the house of the LORD. There he spread them out before the LORD.
• Isa 38:14 : 14 I chirp like a swift or a crane, I moan like a dove. My eyes grow weak as I look to the heavens. Lord, I am oppressed; be my security.
• Ps 86:4 : 4 Bring joy to Your servant’s soul, for to You, O Lord, I lift up my soul.
• Ps 109:6-9 : 6 Appoint a wicked person over him, and let an accuser stand at his right hand. 7 When he is judged, let him be found guilty, and may his prayer become sin. 8 Let his days be few; let another take his office. 9 May his children be fatherless, and his wife a widow. 10 May his children wander and beg, seeking food far from their ruined homes. 11 May a creditor seize all he owns, and may strangers plunder the fruits of his labor. 12 Let there be no one to show him kindness, and no one to be gracious to his fatherless children. 13 May his descendants be cut off, and may their name be wiped out in the next generation. 14 May the iniquity of his fathers be remembered before the Lord, and may the sin of his mother not be blotted out. 15 May their sins always remain before the Lord, and may He cut off their memory from the earth. 16 Because he did not remember to show kindness but pursued the poor and needy and brokenhearted to their death. 17 He loved to curse—may it come back to him; he took no delight in blessing—may it be far from him. 18 He clothed himself with cursing as with his garment; it seeped into his body like water, into his bones like oil. 19 May it be like a robe wrapped around him, like a belt tied around him always. 20 Let this be the Lord's reward to my adversaries and to those who speak evil against me.
• Jer 12:8 : 8 My inheritance has become to me like a lion in the forest; she roars against me, therefore I hate her.
• 1 Sam 1:15 : 15 Hannah answered, 'No, my lord. I am a woman deeply troubled. I have not been drinking wine or strong drink, but I have been pouring out my soul before the LORD.'
• 2 Chr 24:22 : 22 King Joash did not remember the kindness that Jehoiada, Zechariah's father, had shown him but killed his son. As Zechariah was dying, he said, 'May the Lord see this and call you to account.'
• Jer 17:18 : 18 May my persecutors be put to shame, but may I not be put to shame. May they be dismayed, but may I not be dismayed. Bring upon them the day of disaster; destroy them with double destruction.
• Jer 18:19-23 : 19 Listen to me, Lord! Hear what my accusers are saying! 20 Should good be repaid with evil? Yet they have dug a pit for me. Remember how I stood before You to speak on their behalf, to turn Your wrath away from them. 21 So give their children over to famine; hand them over to the power of the sword. Let their wives become childless and widowed, and let their men die by deadly disease; let their young men be struck down in battle. 22 Let a cry be heard from their houses when You suddenly bring a raiding party upon them, for they have dug a pit to capture me and hidden snares for my feet. 23 But You, Lord, know all their plans to kill me. Do not forgive their wrongdoing, do not blot out their sin from Your sight. Let them collapse before You; deal with them in the time of Your anger.
• 1 Pet 2:23 : 23 When He was reviled, He did not revile in return. When He suffered, He did not threaten, but entrusted Himself to the One who judges justly.
• 1 Pet 4:19 : 19 So then, those who suffer according to God’s will should entrust their souls to their faithful Creator while continuing to do good.
• Rev 2:23 : 23 I will strike her children dead. Then all the churches will know that I am the one who searches hearts and minds, and I will repay each of you according to your deeds.
• Rev 6:10 : 10 They cried out with a loud voice, 'How long, Sovereign Lord, holy and true, until You judge the inhabitants of the earth and avenge our blood?'
• Rev 18:20 : 20 Rejoice over her, O heaven, and you saints, apostles, and prophets, because God has pronounced your judgment against her!
• Rev 19:2-3 : 2 For His judgments are true and just; He has judged the great prostitute who corrupted the earth with her immorality, and He has avenged the blood of His servants on her. 3 And again they said, 'Hallelujah! The smoke from her rises forever and ever.'