1 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.20.1",
"source": "כִּֽי־תֵצֵ֨א לַמִּלְחָמָ֜ה עַל־אֹיְבֶ֗יךָ וְֽרָאִ֜יתָ ס֤וּס וָרֶ֙כֶב֙ עַ֚ם רַ֣ב מִמְּךָ֔ לֹ֥א תִירָ֖א מֵהֶ֑ם כִּֽי־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ הַמַּֽעַלְךָ֖ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃",
"text": "When *tēṣē* to-the-*milḥāmāh* against-*ʾōyḇêḵā* *wə-rāʾîtā* *sûs* and-*reḵeḇ* *ʿam* *raḇ* than-you, not *tîrā* from-them, for *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵā* with-you, the-one-who-*maʿalḵā* from-*ʾereṣ* *miṣrayim*.",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - when/if",
"*tēṣē*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you go out",
"*lamilḥāmāh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine noun - to the battle/war",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - against",
"*ʾōyḇêḵā*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemies",
"*wə-rāʾîtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you see/saw",
"*sûs*": "masculine singular noun - horse",
"*wā-reḵeḇ*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and chariot",
"*ʿam*": "masculine singular noun - people",
"*raḇ*": "adjective - many/greater",
"*mimməḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - than you",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*tîrā*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will fear",
"*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them",
"*kî*": "conjunction - because/for",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God",
"*ʿimmāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - with you",
"*hammaʿalḵā*": "definite article + hiphil participle + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - the one bringing you up",
"*mēʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - from land of",
"*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt"
},
"variants": {
"*tēṣē*": "go out/depart/proceed",
"*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting",
"*ʾōyḇêḵā*": "enemies/adversaries/foes",
"*sûs*": "horse/cavalry",
"*reḵeḇ*": "chariot/chariotry/vehicles",
"*ʿam*": "people/nation/troops",
"*raḇ*": "many/numerous/greater",
"*tîrā*": "fear/be afraid/dread",
"*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "your God/gods/deity",
"*maʿalḵā*": "bringing you up/causing you to ascend"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.20.2",
"source": "וְהָיָ֕ה כְּקָֽרָבְכֶ֖ם אֶל־הַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וְנִגַּ֥שׁ הַכֹּהֵ֖ן וְדִבֶּ֥ר אֶל־הָעָֽם׃",
"text": "And *hāyāh* when-*qāraḇḵem* to-the-*milḥāmāh*, *wə-niggaš* the-*kōhēn* *wə-dibber* to-the-*ʿām*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be",
"*kə-qāraḇḵem*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - when you draw near",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward",
"*hammilḥāmāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the battle/war",
"*wə-niggaš*": "conjunction + niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he will approach",
"*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the priest",
"*wə-dibber*": "conjunction + piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he will speak",
"*ʾel-hāʿām*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the people"
},
"variants": {
"*hāyāh*": "it will be/happen/come to pass",
"*qāraḇḵem*": "your drawing near/approaching/coming close",
"*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting",
"*niggaš*": "approach/come near/draw near",
"*kōhēn*": "priest/officiant",
"*dibber*": "speak/talk/address",
"*ʿām*": "people/troops/nation"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Deuteronomy.20.3",
"source": "וְאָמַ֤ר אֲלֵהֶם֙ שְׁמַ֣ע יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַתֶּ֨ם קְרֵבִ֥ים הַיּ֛וֹם לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה עַל־אֹיְבֵיכֶ֑ם אַל־יֵרַ֣ךְ לְבַבְכֶ֗ם אַל־תִּֽירְא֧וּ וְאַֽל־תַּחְפְּז֛וּ וְאַל־תּֽ͏ַעַרְצ֖וּ מִפְּנֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *ʾāmar* to-them, *šĕmaʿ* *yiśrāʾēl*, you *qĕrēḇîm* the-*yôm* to-the-*milḥāmāh* against-*ʾōyḇêḵem*; not-*yēraḵ* *lĕḇaḇḵem*, not-*tîrĕʾû* and-not-*taḥpĕzû* and-not-*taʿarṣû* from-*pĕnêhem*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʾāmar*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he will say",
"*ʾălēhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*šĕmaʿ*": "qal imperative masculine singular - hear/listen",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you",
"*qĕrēḇîm*": "adjective masculine plural - approaching/drawing near",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day/today",
"*lammilḥāmāh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - to the battle/war",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - against",
"*ʾōyḇêḵem*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies",
"*ʾal*": "negative particle (for prohibitions) - do not",
"*yēraḵ*": "qal imperfect jussive 3rd person masculine singular - let it be soft/tender/weak",
"*lĕḇaḇḵem*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your heart",
"*ʾal-tîrĕʾû*": "negative particle + qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - do not fear",
"*wĕ-ʾal-taḥpĕzû*": "conjunction + negative particle + niphal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - and do not hasten/panic",
"*wĕ-ʾal-taʿarṣû*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - and do not dread/be terrified",
"*mippĕnêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from before them/from their faces"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāmar*": "say/speak/tell",
"*šĕmaʿ*": "hear/listen/obey",
"*qĕrēḇîm*": "approaching/drawing near/coming close",
"*yôm*": "day/time/today",
"*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting",
"*ʾōyḇêḵem*": "your enemies/adversaries/foes",
"*yēraḵ*": "be soft/weak/tender/fainthearted",
"*lĕḇaḇḵem*": "your heart/mind/inner being",
"*tîrĕʾû*": "fear/be afraid/dread",
"*taḥpĕzû*": "hasten/hurry/be in panic/be alarmed",
"*taʿarṣû*": "dread/be terrified/be frightened",
"*pĕnêhem*": "their faces/presence/before them"
}
}