2{
"verseID": "Isaiah.63.2",
"source": "מַדּ֥וּעַ אָדֹ֖ם לִלְבוּשֶׁ֑ךָ וּבְגָדֶ֖יךָ כְּדֹרֵ֥ךְ בְּגַֽת׃",
"text": "Why *ʾādōm* to *lĕbûšeḵā*, and *bĕgādeḵā* like *dōrēḵ* in *gat*?",
"grammar": {
"*maddûaʿ*": "interrogative adverb - why/for what reason",
"*ʾādōm*": "adjective, masculine singular - red",
"*lĕbûšeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your garment",
"*ûbĕgādeḵā*": "conjunction waw + noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your clothes",
"*kĕdōrēḵ*": "preposition kaf + Qal participle, masculine singular construct - like one treading",
"*bĕgat*": "preposition bet + noun, feminine singular - in a winepress"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾādōm*": "red/crimson/ruddy",
"*dōrēḵ*": "treader/one who treads/crusher",
"*gat*": "winepress/wine vat"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "Isaiah.63.3",
"source": "פּוּרָ֣ה ׀ דָּרַ֣כְתִּי לְבַדִּ֗י וּמֵֽעַמִּים֙ אֵֽין־אִ֣ישׁ אִתִּ֔י וְאֶדְרְכֵ֣ם בְּאַפִּ֔י וְאֶרְמְסֵ֖ם בַּחֲמָתִ֑י וְיֵ֤ז נִצְחָם֙ עַל־בְּגָדַ֔י וְכָל־מַלְבּוּשַׁ֖י אֶגְאָֽלְתִּי׃",
"text": "*pûrāh* *dāraḵtî* *lĕbaddî* and from *ʿammîm* *ʾên-ʾîš* with me, and I *ʾedrĕḵēm* in *ʾappî* and I *ʾermĕsēm* in *ḥămātî*; and *yēz* their *niṣḥām* upon *bĕgāday*, and all *malbûšay* I *ʾegʾāltî*.",
"grammar": {
"*pûrāh*": "noun, feminine singular - winepress",
"*dāraḵtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I trod/I have trodden",
"*lĕbaddî*": "preposition lamed + noun with 1st person singular suffix - by myself/alone",
"*ûmēʿammîm*": "conjunction waw + preposition min + noun, masculine plural - and from peoples",
"*ʾên-ʾîš*": "particle of negation + noun, masculine singular - there is no man",
"*ʾittî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me",
"*wĕʾedrĕḵēm*": "conjunction waw + Qal imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I trod them",
"*bĕʾappî*": "preposition bet + noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - in my anger",
"*wĕʾermĕsēm*": "conjunction waw + Qal imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I trampled them",
"*baḥămātî*": "preposition bet + noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - in my fury",
"*wĕyēz*": "conjunction waw + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and was sprinkled",
"*niṣḥām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their lifeblood/juice",
"*ʿal-bĕgāday*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - on my garments",
"*wĕḵāl-malbûšay*": "conjunction waw + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - and all my apparel",
"*ʾegʾāltî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I stained/defiled"
},
"variants": {
"*pûrāh*": "winepress/wine vat",
"*dāraḵtî*": "I trod/I have trodden/I trampled",
"*ʾedrĕḵēm*": "I trod them/I trampled them",
"*ʾappî*": "my anger/my nose/my wrath",
"*ʾermĕsēm*": "I trampled them/I crushed them",
"*ḥămātî*": "my fury/my wrath/my rage",
"*yēz*": "was sprinkled/splattered",
"*niṣḥām*": "their lifeblood/their juice/their victory/their gore",
"*ʾegʾāltî*": "I stained/I defiled/I polluted"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "Isaiah.63.4",
"source": "כִּ֛י י֥וֹם נָקָ֖ם בְּלִבִּ֑י וּשְׁנַ֥ת גְּאוּלַ֖י בָּֽאָה׃",
"text": "For *yôm* *nāqām* in *libbî*, and *šĕnat* *gĕʾûlay* *bāʾāh*.",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - day of",
"*nāqām*": "noun, masculine singular - vengeance/revenge",
"*bĕlibbî*": "preposition bet + noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - in my heart",
"*ûšĕnat*": "conjunction waw + noun, feminine singular construct - and year of",
"*gĕʾûlay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my redeemed ones",
"*bāʾāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - has come"
},
"variants": {
"*nāqām*": "vengeance/revenge/retribution",
"*gĕʾûlay*": "my redeemed ones/my redemption/those I have redeemed"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "Isaiah.63.5",
"source": "וְאַבִּיט֙ וְאֵ֣ין עֹזֵ֔ר וְאֶשְׁתּוֹמֵ֖ם וְאֵ֣ין סוֹמֵ֑ךְ וַתּ֤וֹשַֽׁע לִי֙ זְרֹעִ֔י וַחֲמָתִ֖י הִ֥יא סְמָכָֽתְנִי׃",
"text": "And I *ʾabbîṭ* and there is no *ʿōzēr*, and I *ʾeštômēm* and there is no *sômēḵ*; and *tôšaʿ* for me *zĕrōʿî*, and *ḥămātî* *hîʾ* *sĕmāḵātĕnî*.",
"grammar": {
"*wĕʾabbîṭ*": "conjunction waw + Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - and I looked",
"*wĕʾên*": "conjunction waw + particle of negation - and there is no",
"*ʿōzēr*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - helper/one who helps",
"*wĕʾeštômēm*": "conjunction waw + Hithpolel imperfect, 1st person singular - and I was appalled/astonished",
"*sômēḵ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - supporter/one who supports",
"*wattôšaʿ*": "conjunction waw + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and brought salvation",
"*lî*": "preposition lamed with 1st person singular suffix - to me/for me",
"*zĕrōʿî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my arm",
"*waḥămātî*": "conjunction waw + noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and my fury",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd person feminine singular pronoun - she/it",
"*sĕmāḵātĕnî*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - supported me"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾabbîṭ*": "I looked/I gazed/I observed",
"*ʿōzēr*": "helper/one who helps/assistant",
"*ʾeštômēm*": "I was appalled/I was astonished/I was horrified",
"*sômēḵ*": "supporter/one who supports/upholder",
"*tôšaʿ*": "brought salvation/delivered/saved",
"*zĕrōʿî*": "my arm/my strength/my power",
"*ḥămātî*": "my fury/my wrath/my rage",
"*sĕmāḵātĕnî*": "supported me/upheld me/sustained me"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "Isaiah.63.6",
"source": "וְאָב֤וּס עַמִּים֙ בְּאַפִּ֔י וַאֲשַׁכְּרֵ֖ם בַּחֲמָתִ֑י וְאוֹרִ֥יד לָאָ֖רֶץ נִצְחָֽם׃ ס",
"text": "And I *ʾābûs* *ʿammîm* in *ʾappî*, and I *ʾăšakkĕrēm* in *ḥămātî*, and I *ʾôrîd* to the *ʾāreṣ* their *niṣḥām*.",
"grammar": {
"*wĕʾābûs*": "conjunction waw + Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I trampled/trod down",
"*ʿammîm*": "noun, masculine plural - peoples",
"*bĕʾappî*": "preposition bet + noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - in my anger",
"*waʾăšakkĕrēm*": "conjunction waw + Piel imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I made them drunk",
"*baḥămātî*": "preposition bet + noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - in my fury",
"*wĕʾôrîd*": "conjunction waw + Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - and I brought down",
"*lāʾāreṣ*": "preposition lamed + article + noun, feminine singular - to the earth/ground",
"*niṣḥām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their lifeblood/juice"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾābûs*": "I trampled/I trod down/I crushed",
"*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations",
"*ʾappî*": "my anger/my nose/my wrath",
"*ʾăšakkĕrēm*": "I made them drunk/I intoxicated them",
"*ḥămātî*": "my fury/my wrath/my rage",
"*ʾôrîd*": "I brought down/I made descend/I poured down",
"*niṣḥām*": "their lifeblood/their juice/their victory/their gore"
}
}