13 {
"verseID": "Psalms.40.13",
"source": "כִּ֤י אָפְפ֥וּ־עָלַ֨י ׀ רָע֡וֹת עַד־אֵ֬ין מִסְפָּ֗ר הִשִּׂיג֣וּנִי עֲ֭וֺנֹתַי וְלֹא־יָכֹ֣לְתִּי לִרְא֑וֹת עָצְמ֥וּ מִשַּֽׂעֲר֥וֹת רֹ֝אשִׁ֗י וְלִבִּ֥י עֲזָבָֽנִי",
"text": "For *ʾāpəpû-ʿālay rāʿôt* until *ʾên mispār*; *hiśśîḡûnî ʿăwōnōtay wəlōʾ-yāḵōltî lirʾôt*; they *ʿāṣəmû* more than the *śaʿărôt* of my *rōʾšî*, and my *libbî ʿăzābānî*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāpəpû-ʿālay*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural + preposition with 1st person singular suffix - 'they have encompassed me'",
"*rāʿôt*": "feminine plural noun - 'evils/calamities'",
"*ʾên mispār*": "particle of negation + masculine singular noun - 'there is no number/uncountable'",
"*hiśśîḡûnî*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural with 1st person singular object suffix - 'they have overtaken me'",
"*ʿăwōnōtay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my iniquities'",
"*wəlōʾ-yāḵōltî*": "conjunction + negation + Qal perfect, 1st person singular - 'and I am not able'",
"*lirʾôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - 'to see'",
"*ʿāṣəmû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - 'they are more numerous'",
"*śaʿărôt*": "feminine plural noun - 'hairs'",
"*rōʾšî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my head'",
"*libbî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my heart'",
"*ʿăzābānî*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular object suffix - 'it has forsaken me'"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾāpəpû*": "they have encompassed/they have surrounded/they have hemmed in",
"*rāʿôt*": "evils/calamities/troubles/distresses",
"*hiśśîḡûnî*": "they have overtaken me/they have caught up with me/they have seized me",
"*ʿăwōnōtay*": "my iniquities/my guilt/my sins",
"*ʿāṣəmû*": "they are more numerous/they are mightier/they are stronger",
"*ʿăzābānî*": "it has forsaken me/it has abandoned me/it has failed me"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Psalms.40.14",
"source": "רְצֵ֣ה יְ֭הוָה לְהַצִּילֵ֑נִי יְ֝הוָ֗ה לְעֶזְרָ֥תִי חֽוּשָׁה",
"text": "*Rəṣēh YHWH ləhaṣṣîlēnî*; *YHWH ləʿezrātî* *ḥûšâ*",
"grammar": {
"*Rəṣēh*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - 'be pleased/willing'",
"*YHWH*": "proper divine name",
"*ləhaṣṣîlēnî*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct with 1st person singular object suffix - 'to deliver me'",
"*ləʿezrātî*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'to my help'",
"*ḥûšâ*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - 'hasten/hurry'"
},
"variants": {
"*Rəṣēh*": "be pleased/be willing/take delight",
"*ləhaṣṣîlēnî*": "to deliver me/to rescue me/to save me",
"*ləʿezrātî*": "to my help/for my assistance",
"*ḥûšâ*": "hasten/hurry/make haste"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Psalms.40.15",
"source": "יֵ֘בֹ֤שׁוּ וְיַחְפְּר֨וּ ׀ יַחַד֮ מְבַקְשֵׁ֥י נַפְשִׁ֗י לִסְפּ֫וֹתָ֥הּ יִסֹּ֣גוּ אָ֭חוֹר וְיִכָּלְמ֑וּ חֲ֝פֵצֵ֗י רָעָתִֽי",
"text": "*Yēbōšû wəyaḥpərû yaḥad məbaqšê napšî* to *lispôtāh*; *yissōḡû ʾāḥôr wəyikkālmû ḥăpēṣê rāʿātî*",
"grammar": {
"*Yēbōšû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - 'they will be ashamed'",
"*wəyaḥpərû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - 'and they will be confounded'",
"*yaḥad*": "adverb - 'together'",
"*məbaqšê*": "Piel participle, masculine plural construct - 'those who seek'",
"*napšî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my soul/life'",
"*lispôtāh*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular object suffix - 'to sweep it away'",
"*yissōḡû*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - 'they will be turned back'",
"*ʾāḥôr*": "adverb - 'backward'",
"*wəyikkālmû*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - 'and they will be dishonored'",
"*ḥăpēṣê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - 'those who delight in'",
"*rāʿātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my harm/evil'"
},
"variants": {
"*Yēbōšû*": "they will be ashamed/they will be disappointed/they will be put to shame",
"*yaḥpərû*": "they will be confounded/they will be disgraced/they will be put to shame",
"*məbaqšê*": "those who seek/those who pursue/those searching for",
"*lispôtāh*": "to sweep it away/to destroy it/to snatch it away",
"*yissōḡû*": "they will be turned back/they will retreat/they will be driven backward",
"*wəyikkālmû*": "and they will be dishonored/and they will be humiliated/and they will be disgraced",
"*ḥăpēṣê*": "those who delight in/those who take pleasure in/those who desire",
"*rāʿātî*": "my harm/my evil/my injury/my calamity"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Psalms.40.16",
"source": "יָ֭שֹׁמּוּ עַל־עֵ֣קֶב בָּשְׁתָּ֑ם הָאֹמְרִ֥ים לִ֝֗י הֶ֘אָ֥ח ׀ הֶאָֽח",
"text": "*Yāšōmmû ʿal-ʿēqeb bāštām*, those *hāʾōmərîm* to me, '*heʾāḥ heʾāḥ*'",
"grammar": {
"*Yāšōmmû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - 'they will be desolate/appalled'",
"*ʿal-ʿēqeb*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - 'on account of/as a consequence of'",
"*bāštām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their shame'",
"*hāʾōmərîm*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine plural - 'those who say'",
"*heʾāḥ heʾāḥ*": "interjection, repeated - 'Aha! Aha!'"
},
"variants": {
"*Yāšōmmû*": "they will be desolate/they will be appalled/they will be devastated",
"*ʿal-ʿēqeb*": "on account of/as a consequence of/in return for/on the heel of",
"*bāštām*": "their shame/their disgrace/their humiliation",
"*heʾāḥ*": "Aha!/Ha!/Well done!/There!"
}
}