Verse 45

{ "verseID": "Acts.7.45", "source": "Ἣν καὶ εἰσήγαγον διαδεξάμενοι οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν μετὰ Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῇ κατασχέσει τῶν Ἐθνῶν, ὧν ἐξῶσεν ὁ Θεὸς ἀπὸ προσώπου τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν, ἕως τῶν ἡμερῶν Δαυίδ·", "text": "Which also *eisēgagon* having-*diadexamenoi* the *pateres* of-us with *Iēsou* in the *kataschései* of-the *Ethnōn*, whom *exōsen* the *Theos* from *prosōpou* of-the *paterōn* of-us, until the *hēmerōn* of-*Dauid*;", "grammar": { "*eisēgagon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - brought in", "*diadexamenoi*": "aorist middle participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having received in succession", "*pateres*": "nominative, masculine, plural - fathers/ancestors", "*Iēsou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Joshua (not Jesus in this context)", "*kataschései*": "dative, feminine, singular - taking possession/occupation", "*Ethnōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - nations/gentiles", "*exōsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - drove out/expelled", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*prosōpou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - face/presence", "*paterōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - fathers/ancestors", "*hēmerōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - days", "*Dauid*": "genitive, masculine, singular - David" }, "variants": { "*eisēgagon*": "brought in/led in/introduced", "*diadexamenoi*": "having received in succession/having taken over from", "*kataschései*": "taking possession/occupation/conquest", "*Ethnōn*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*exōsen*": "drove out/expelled/thrust out", "*prosōpou*": "face/presence/person" } }

Other Translations

• Bibeloversettelse fra KJV1611 og Textus Receptus

  Dette av de fedre som kom etter, brakte de inn med Jesus inn i eiendommene til hedningene, som Gud drev ut for våre fedres ansikt, inntil Davids dager;

• NT, oversatt fra gresk

  Det tok våre fedre med seg inn da de inntok lande, som Gud satte bort fra våre fedre inntil Davids dager.

• Norsk King James

  Som også våre fedre som kom etter, brakte med seg inn med Jesus inn i folks eie, som Gud drev ut foran våre fedre, til Davids dager;

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Dette tok våre fedre med seg inn i det landet med Josva, etter at Gud jaget ut folket som var der, til Davids dager.

• KJV/Textus Receptus til norsk

  Det ble arvet av våre fedre og brakt med inn med Josva da de tok landet i eie fra hedningene, som Gud drev ut foran våre fedre, til Davids dager.

• Den norske oversettelsen av Det Nye Testamente

  Våre fedre mottok det, og med Josva førte de det inn i landet til de folkeslag Gud drev bort foran dem, helt til Davids tid.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Det samme bragte også våre fedre med under Josvas ledelse, inn i det området til folkene som Gud drev ut for våre fedres ansikter, inntil Davids dager.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Og de fedrene som kom etter, førte dem med Jesus inn i hedningenes besittelser, de stedene Gud drev dem ut for våre fedres åsyn helt fram til Davids dager.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Det samme bragte også våre fedre med under Josvas ledelse, inn i det området til folkene som Gud drev ut for våre fedres ansikter, inntil Davids dager.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Dette tok våre fedre med seg da de under Josvas ledelse inntok landet til de folkeslag som Gud drev ut foran ansiktet på våre fedre, og slik forble det til Davids dager.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Our ancestors in turn brought it in with Joshua when they dispossessed the nations that God drove out before them. It remained until the time of David.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk Aug2024

  Våre fedre overtok det og førte det inn med Josva da de inntok landet fra de folkeslag som Gud drev ut for våre fedres ansikt. Slik var det inntil Davids dager.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Dette annammede vore Fædre, og indførte det med Josva i Landet, som Hedningerne havde inde, hvilke Gud uddrev fra vore Fædres Aasyn, indtil Davids Dage,

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Which also our fathers that came after brought in with Jesus into the possession of the Gentiles, whom God drave out before the fe of our fathers, unto the days of David;

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Det ble også våre fedre overlevert til en senere generasjon når de, sammen med Josva, tok det med i besittelsen av hedningene, som Gud drev ut for våre fedres ansikter, inntil Davids dager.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Which our fathers, having received it in turn, also brought with Joshua into the land possessed by the Gentiles, whom God drove out before the face of our fathers until the days of David,

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Which also our fathers that came after brought in with Jesus into the possession of the Gentiles, whom God drave out before the face of our fathers, unto the days of David;

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Dette hentet også våre fedre, med Josva som førte det inn da de tok landene i eie fra de nasjonene Gud fordrev foran dem, inntil Davids tid,

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Så førte våre fedre det inn med Josva da de inntok landeneser, som Gud drev ut foran våre fedre, fram til Davids dager.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Det tok også våre fedre med seg, og da de kom inn i det landet sammen med Josva, tok de det i besittelse fra de nasjonene Gud drev ut for våre fedre, inntil Davids dager.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Det brakte våre fedre med seg sammen med Josva da de tok landet fra de hedningene Gud drev ut foran dem, frem til Davids tid.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Which tabernacle oure fathers receaved and brought it in with Iosue into the possession of the gentyls which God drave out before the face of oure fathers vnto the tyme of David

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  which oure fathers also receaued, and brought it with Iosue into the londe that the Heythe had in possession, whom God droue out before the face of oure fathers, vntyll the tyme of Dauid,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Which tabernacle also our fathers receiued, and brought in with Iesus into the possession of the Gentiles, which God draue out before our fathers, vnto the dayes of Dauid:

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Whiche also our fathers that came after, brought in with Iesus into the possession of the gentiles, who God draue out before the face of our fathers, vnto the dayes of Dauid.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Which also our fathers that came after brought in with Jesus into the possession of the Gentiles, whom God drave out before the face of our fathers, unto the days of David;

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  which also our fathers, in their turn, brought in with Joshua when they entered into the possession of the nations, whom God drove out before the face of our fathers, to the days of David,

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  which also our fathers having in succession received, did bring in with Joshua, into the possession of the nations whom God did drive out from the presence of our fathers, till the days of David,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Which also our fathers, in their turn, brought in with Joshua when they entered on the possession of the nations, that God thrust out before the face of our fathers, unto the days of David;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Which our fathers, in their turn, took with them when, with Joshua, they came into the heritage of the nations whom God was driving out before the face of our fathers, till the time of David,

• World English Bible (2000)

  which also our fathers, in their turn, brought in with Joshua when they entered into the possession of the nations, whom God drove out before the face of our fathers, to the days of David,

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Our ancestors received possession of it and brought it in with Joshua when they dispossessed the nations that God drove out before our ancestors, until the time of David.

Referenced Verses

• Ps 44:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.44.2", "source": "אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ בְּאָזְנֵ֬ינוּ שָׁמַ֗עְנוּ אֲבוֹתֵ֥ינוּ סִפְּרוּ־לָ֑נוּ פֹּ֥עַל פָּעַ֥לְתָּ בִֽ֝ימֵיהֶ֗ם בִּ֣ימֵי קֶֽדֶם׃", "text": "*ʾĕlōhîm* in *ʾoznênû* *šāmaʿnû* *ʾăbôtênû* *sippĕrû*-to us *pōʿal* *pāʿaltā* in *bîmêhem* in *bîmê* *qedem*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (intensive plural) - God", "*ʾoznênû*": "noun, feminine dual + 1st person plural possessive suffix - our ears", "*šāmaʿnû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we heard", "*ʾăbôtênû*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person plural possessive suffix - our fathers", "*sippĕrû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they told/recounted", "*pōʿal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - work of", "*pāʿaltā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you did/worked", "*bîmêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their days", "*bîmê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - in days of", "*qedem*": "noun, masculine singular - ancient times/east" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*sippĕrû*": "told/recounted/declared", "*pōʿal*": "work/deed/action", "*qedem*": "ancient times/antiquity/east" } }
• Acts 13:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Acts.13.19", "source": "Καὶ καθελὼν ἔθνη ἑπτὰ ἐν γῇ Χαναάν, κατεκληροδότησεν αὐτοίς τὴν γῆν αὐτῶν.", "text": "And *kathelōn* *ethnē* *hepta* in *gē* *Chanaan*, *kateklērodotēsen* to them the *gēn* of them.", "grammar": { "*kathelōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having destroyed", "*ethnē*": "accusative, neuter, plural - nations", "*hepta*": "accusative, neuter - seven", "*gē*": "dative, feminine, singular - land", "*Chanaan*": "dative, feminine, singular - Canaan", "*kateklērodotēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - gave as inheritance", "*autois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to them", "*gēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - land", "*autōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of them" }, "variants": { "*kathelōn*": "having destroyed/removed/taken down", "*ethnē*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*gē*": "land/earth/ground", "*kateklērodotēsen*": "gave as inheritance/distributed by lot/allotted" } }
• Josh 18:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Joshua.18.1", "source": "וַיִּקָּהֲלוּ כָּל־עֲדַת בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל שִׁלֹה וַיַּשְׁכִּינוּ שָׁם אֶת־אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד וְהָאָרֶץ נִכְבְּשָׁה לִפְנֵיהֶם", "text": "*wə-yiqqāhălû* all-*ʿădat bənê-yiśrāʾēl šilōh wə-yaškînû* there *ʾet-ʾōhel môʿēd wə-hāʾāreṣ nikbəšâ* before them", "grammar": { "*wə-yiqqāhălû*": "conjunctive waw + Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they assembled/gathered together", "*ʿădat*": "construct state, feminine singular - assembly/congregation of", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct chain - children of Israel", "*šilōh*": "proper noun - Shiloh (place name)", "*wə-yaškînû*": "conjunctive waw + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they caused to dwell/set up", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾōhel môʿēd*": "construct chain - tent of meeting", "*wə-hāʾāreṣ*": "conjunctive waw + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the land", "*nikbəšâ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - was subdued/conquered", "*lipnêhem*": "preposition + noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - before them" }, "variants": { "*wə-yiqqāhălû*": "assembled/gathered/convened", "*ʿădat*": "congregation/assembly/community", "*šilōh*": "Shiloh (place name)", "*wə-yaškînû*": "set up/established/caused to dwell", "*ʾōhel môʿēd*": "Tent of Meeting/Tabernacle", "*nikbəšâ*": "was subdued/conquered/brought under control" } }
• Josh 23:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Joshua.23.9", "source": "וַיּ֤וֹרֶשׁ יְהוָה֙ מִפְּנֵיכֶ֔ם גּוֹיִ֖ם גְּדֹלִ֣ים וַעֲצוּמִ֑ים וְאַתֶּ֗ם לֹא־עָ֤מַד אִישׁ֙ בִּפְנֵיכֶ֔ם עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyôreš* *YHWH* from *pənêkem* *gôyim* *gədōlîm* and *ʿăṣûmîm* and *ʾattem* not *ʿāmad* *ʾîš* in *pənêkem* until the *yôm* the *zeh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyôreš*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3ms - he drove out", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*pənêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your faces/presence", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations", "*gədōlîm*": "masculine plural adjective - great", "*ʿăṣûmîm*": "masculine plural adjective - mighty/strong", "*ʾattem*": "2mp independent pronoun - you", "*ʿāmad*": "qal perfect 3ms - stood/withstood", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/person", "*pənêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your faces/presence", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective - this" }, "variants": { "*wayyôreš*": "drove out/dispossessed/expelled", "*mippənêkem*": "from before you/from your presence", "*gôyim gədōlîm waʿăṣûmîm*": "great and mighty nations/large and powerful peoples", "*ʿāmad*": "stood/withstood/resisted", "*bip̄nêkem*": "before you/in your presence/against you", "*hayyôm hazzeh*": "this day/today/until now" } }
• Josh 24:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Joshua.24.18", "source": "וַיְגָ֨רֶשׁ יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־כָּל־הָעַמִּ֗ים וְאֶת־הָאֱמֹרִ֛י יֹשֵׁ֥ב הָאָ֖רֶץ מִפָּנֵ֑ינוּ גַּם־אֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙ נַעֲבֹ֣ד אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה כִּי־ה֖וּא אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "*wa-yəgāreš* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*kol*-*hā-ʿammîm* *wə-ʾet*-*hā-ʾĕmōrî* *yōšēb* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *mi-pānênû* *gam*-*ʾănaḥnû* *naʿăbōd* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *kî*-*hûʾ* *ʾĕlōhênû*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəgāreš*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular apocopated - and he drove out", "*YHWH*": "divine name, tetragrammaton", "*ʾet-kol*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*hā-ʿammîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the peoples", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*hā-ʾĕmōrî*": "definite article + proper noun - the Amorite", "*yōšēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular construct - dwelling in/inhabiting", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*mi-pānênû*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 1st person plural suffix - from before us", "*gam*": "adverb - also/too", "*ʾănaḥnû*": "1st person plural pronoun - we", "*naʿăbōd*": "qal imperfect, 1st person plural - we will serve", "*kî-hûʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - for he", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st person plural suffix - our God" }, "variants": { "*yəgāreš*": "drove out/expelled/cast out", "*ʾĕmōrî*": "Amorite/Canaanite peoples", "*yōšēb*": "dwelling in/inhabiting/sitting in", "*mi-pānênû*": "from before us/from our presence/from our face" } }
• Judg 18:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Judges.18.31", "source": "וַיָּשִׂ֣ימוּ לָהֶ֔ם אֶת־פֶּ֥סֶל מִיכָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֑ה כָּל־יְמֵ֛י הֱי֥וֹת בֵּית־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּשִׁלֹֽה׃ פ", "text": "*wayyāśîmû lāhem ʾet-pesel mîkāh ʾăšer ʿāśāh kol-yəmê hĕyôt bêt-hāʾĕlōhîm bəšilōh.*", "grammar": { "*wayyāśîmû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they set up", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - for themselves", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*pesel*": "noun, masculine singular construct - carved image of", "*mîkāh*": "proper noun - Micah", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he made", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*yəmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*hĕyôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - being of", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the God/gods", "*bəšilōh*": "preposition + proper noun - in Shiloh" }, "variants": { "*śîm*": "to set/place/put/establish", "*pesel*": "carved image/idol/graven image", "*ʿāśāh*": "to make/do/fashion", "*yôm*": "day/time/period", "*hĕyôt*": "being/existing/duration", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*בְּשִׁלֹֽה*": "in Shiloh (location)" } }
• 1 Sam 4:4 : 4 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.4", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח הָעָם֙ שִׁלֹ֔ה וַיִּשְׂא֣וּ מִשָּׁ֗ם אֵ֣ת אֲר֧וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֛ה צְבָא֖וֹת יֹשֵׁ֣ב הַכְּרֻבִ֑ים וְשָׁ֞ם שְׁנֵ֣י בְנֵֽי־עֵלִ֗י עִם־אֲרוֹן֙ בְּרִ֣ית הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים חָפְנִ֖י וּפִֽינְחָֽס׃", "text": "And *wə* *yišlaḥ* the-*'ām* *šilōh* and *wə* *yiś'û* from-there *'ēt* *'ărôn* *bərît*-*YHWH* *ṣəvā'ôt* dwelling-*yōšēv* the-*kərūvîm* and-there the-two *šənê* *bənê*-*'ēlî* with-*'ărôn* *bərît* the-*'ĕlōhîm* *ḥopnî* and-*pînəḥās*.", "grammar": { "*yišlaḥ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he sent", "*'ām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the people", "*yiś'û*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they carried, lifted", "*'ēt*": "direct object marker", "*'ărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*bərît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*ṣəvā'ôt*": "feminine plural noun - hosts, armies", "*yōšēv*": "qal participle masculine singular construct - dwelling [between], sitting [on]", "*kərūvîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the cherubim", "*šənê*": "masculine dual construct - two of", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*'ēlî*": "proper noun - Eli", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - God", "*ḥopnî*": "proper noun - Hophni", "*pînəḥās*": "proper noun - Phinehas" }, "variants": { "*yiś'û*": "they carried, they bore, they lifted up", "*ṣəvā'ôt*": "hosts, armies, multitudes", "*yōšēv*": "dwelling [between], sitting [on], enthroned [upon]", "*kərūvîm*": "cherubim, angelic beings" } }
• 2 Sam 6:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.1", "source": "וַיֹּ֨סֶף ע֥וֹד דָּוִ֛ד אֶת־כָּל־בָּח֥וּר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים אָֽלֶף׃", "text": "And *yōsef* again *Dāwid* *ʾet*-all-*bāḥûr* in-*Yiśrāʾēl* thirty *ʾālef*.", "grammar": { "*yōsef*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - gathered/added", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bāḥûr*": "masculine singular construct - chosen/choice men", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾālef*": "masculine plural construct - thousand" }, "variants": { "*yōsef*": "gathered/assembled/added/continued to gather", "*bāḥûr*": "chosen men/choice warriors/selected men", "*ʾālef*": "thousand/clan/military unit" } } 2 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.2", "source": "וַיָּ֣קָם ׀ וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֗ד וְכָל־הָעָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ מִֽבַּעֲלֵ֖י יְהוּדָ֑ה לְהַעֲל֣וֹת מִשָּׁ֗ם אֵ֚ת אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־נִקְרָ֣א שֵׁ֗ם שֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֧ה צְבָא֛וֹת יֹשֵׁ֥ב הַכְּרֻבִ֖ים עָלָֽיו׃", "text": "And *yāqām* and *yēlek* *Dāwid* and-all-the-*ʿām* who with-him from-*Baʿălê* *Yəhûdāh* to-*haʿălôt* from-there *ʾēt* *ʾărôn* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* which-*niqrāʾ* *šēm* *šēm* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* *yōšēb* the-*kərūbîm* upon-it.", "grammar": { "*yāqām*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - arose", "*yēlek*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - went", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular construct with definite article - people", "*Baʿălê*": "masculine plural construct - Baale/lords of", "*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*haʿălôt*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with lamed prefix - to bring up", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - God", "*niqrāʾ*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - is called", "*šēm*": "masculine singular - name (repeated)", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "feminine plural - hosts/armies", "*yōšēb*": "Qal participle masculine singular - dwelling/sitting", "*kərūbîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - cherubim" }, "variants": { "*Baʿălê Yəhûdāh*": "Baale of Judah/Baalah in Judah/lords of Judah", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*niqrāʾ šēm šēm*": "is called by name, the name/by which the name is invoked/which is called, the name, the name", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/heavenly beings", "*yōšēb hakərūbîm*": "enthroned on the cherubim/dwelling between the cherubim" } } 3 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.3", "source": "וַיַּרְכִּ֜בוּ אֶת־אֲר֤וֹן הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל־עֲגָלָ֣ה חֲדָשָׁ֔ה וַיִּשָּׂאֻ֔הוּ מִבֵּ֥ית אֲבִינָדָ֖ב אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּגִּבְעָ֑ה וְעֻזָּ֣א וְאַחְי֗וֹ בְּנֵי֙ אֲבִ֣ינָדָ֔ב נֹהֲגִ֖ים אֶת־הָעֲגָלָ֥ה חֲדָשָֽׁה׃", "text": "And *yarkibû* *ʾet*-*ʾărôn* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* upon-*ʿăgālāh* *ḥădāšāh* and *yiśśāʾuhû* from-*bêt* *ʾĂbînādāb* which in-the-*gibʿāh* and-*ʿUzzāʾ* and-*ʾAḥyô* *bənê* *ʾĂbînādāb* *nōhăgîm* *ʾet*-the-*ʿăgālāh* *ḥădāšāh*.", "grammar": { "*yarkibû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they set/placed", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - God", "*ʿăgālāh*": "feminine singular - cart/wagon", "*ḥădāšāh*": "feminine singular adjective - new", "*yiśśāʾuhû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with suffix and waw consecutive - they carried it", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house", "*ʾĂbînādāb*": "proper noun - Abinadab", "*gibʿāh*": "feminine singular with definite article - hill", "*ʿUzzāʾ*": "proper noun - Uzza", "*ʾAḥyô*": "proper noun - Ahio", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*nōhăgîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - driving/leading", "*ʿăgālāh*": "feminine singular with definite article - cart/wagon" }, "variants": { "*gibʿāh*": "hill/Gibeah (as place name)", "*ʾAḥyô*": "Ahio (personal name)/his brother (if read as common noun)" } } 4 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.4", "source": "וַיִּשָּׂאֻ֗הוּ מִבֵּ֤ית אֲבִֽינָדָב֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּגִּבְעָ֔ה עִ֖ם אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וְאַחְי֕וֹ הֹלֵ֖ךְ לִפְנֵ֥י הָאָרֽוֹן׃", "text": "And *yiśśāʾuhû* from-*bêt* *ʾĂbînādāb* which in-the-*gibʿāh* with *ʾărôn* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* and-*ʾAḥyô* *hōlēk* before the-*ʾārôn*.", "grammar": { "*yiśśāʾuhû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with suffix and waw consecutive - they carried it", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house", "*ʾĂbînādāb*": "proper noun - Abinadab", "*gibʿāh*": "feminine singular with definite article - hill", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - God", "*ʾAḥyô*": "proper noun - Ahio", "*hōlēk*": "Qal participle masculine singular - walking/going", "*ʾārôn*": "masculine singular with definite article - ark" }, "variants": { "*gibʿāh*": "hill/Gibeah (as place name)", "*ʾAḥyô*": "Ahio (personal name)/his brother (if read as common noun)" } } 5 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.5", "source": "וְדָוִ֣ד ׀ וְכָל־בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל מְשַֽׂחֲקִים֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה בְּכֹ֖ל עֲצֵ֣י בְרוֹשִׁ֑ים וּבְכִנֹּר֤וֹת וּבִנְבָלִים֙ וּבְתֻפִּ֔ים וּבִמְנַֽעַנְעִ֖ים וּֽבְצֶלְצֶלִֽים׃", "text": "And-*Dāwid* and-all-*bêt* *Yiśrāʾēl* *məśaḥăqîm* before *YHWH* with-all *ʿăṣê* *bərôšîm* and-with-*kinnōrôt* and-with-*nəbālîm* and-with-*tuppîm* and-with-*mənaʿanəʿîm* and-with-*ṣelṣelîm*.", "grammar": { "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*məśaḥăqîm*": "Piel participle masculine plural - playing/celebrating/dancing", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ʿăṣê*": "masculine plural construct - woods/instruments of", "*bərôšîm*": "masculine plural - cypress/fir", "*kinnōrôt*": "feminine plural with prefix - harps/lyres", "*nəbālîm*": "masculine plural with prefix - harps/lutes", "*tuppîm*": "masculine plural with prefix - tambourines/timbrels", "*mənaʿanəʿîm*": "Pilpel participle masculine plural with prefix - sistrums/rattles", "*ṣelṣelîm*": "masculine plural with prefix - cymbals" }, "variants": { "*məśaḥăqîm*": "playing/celebrating/dancing/making merry", "*ʿăṣê bərôšîm*": "instruments of cypress/fir wood instruments/all kinds of cypress wood" } } 6 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.6", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ עַד־גֹּ֣רֶן נָכ֑וֹן וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח עֻזָּ֜א אֶל־אֲר֤וֹן הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ וַיֹּ֣אחֶז בּ֔וֹ כִּ֥י שָׁמְט֖וּ הַבָּקָֽר׃", "text": "And *yābōʾû* unto-*gōren* *Nākôn* and *yišlaḥ* *ʿUzzāʾ* unto-*ʾărôn* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* and *yōʾḥez* at-it because *šāməṭû* the-*bāqār*.", "grammar": { "*yābōʾû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they came", "*gōren*": "masculine singular construct - threshing floor", "*Nākôn*": "proper noun - Nacon", "*yišlaḥ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he put forth/sent", "*ʿUzzāʾ*": "proper noun - Uzza", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - God", "*yōʾḥez*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he took hold", "*šāməṭû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they stumbled/slipped", "*bāqār*": "masculine singular collective with definite article - oxen/cattle" }, "variants": { "*Nākôn*": "Nacon (personal name)/Nach (in parallel passage)/prepared (if not a proper name)", "*šāməṭû*": "stumbled/slipped/let loose" } } 7 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.7", "source": "וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֤ף יְהוָה֙ בְּעֻזָּ֔ה וַיַּכֵּ֥הוּ שָׁ֛ם הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים עַל־הַשַּׁ֑ל וַיָּ֣מָת שָׁ֔ם עִ֖ם אֲר֥וֹן הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "And *yiḥar*-*ʾaf* *YHWH* against-*ʿUzzāh* and *yakkēhû* there the-*ʾĕlōhîm* for-the-*šal* and *yāmāt* there with *ʾărôn* the-*ʾĕlōhîm*.", "grammar": { "*yiḥar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - kindled/burned", "*ʾaf*": "masculine singular construct - anger/nose", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ʿUzzāh*": "proper noun - Uzzah", "*yakkēhû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with suffix and waw consecutive - he struck him", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - God", "*šal*": "masculine singular with definite article - error/rashness", "*yāmāt*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he died", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark" }, "variants": { "*yiḥar-ʾaf*": "anger burned/was kindled (idiom for became angry)", "*šal*": "error/rashness/fault/reaching out" } } 8 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.8", "source": "וַיִּ֣חַר לְדָוִ֔ד עַל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר פָּרַ֧ץ יְהוָ֛ה פֶּ֖רֶץ בְּעֻזָּ֑ה וַיִּקְרָ֞א לַמָּק֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ פֶּ֣רֶץ עֻזָּ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And *yiḥar* to-*Dāwid* because which *pāraṣ* *YHWH* *pereṣ* at-*ʿUzzāh* and *yiqrāʾ* to-the-*māqôm* the-that *Pereṣ* *ʿUzzāh* until the-*yôm* the-this.", "grammar": { "*yiḥar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - became angry/hot", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*pāraṣ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - broke out/made a breach", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*pereṣ*": "masculine singular construct - breach/outburst", "*ʿUzzāh*": "proper noun - Uzzah", "*yiqrāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he called", "*māqôm*": "masculine singular with prefix and definite article - place", "*Pereṣ ʿUzzāh*": "proper noun, place name - Perez-uzzah (Outburst against Uzzah)", "*yôm*": "masculine singular with definite article - day" }, "variants": { "*yiḥar*": "became angry/was distressed/felt resentment", "*pāraṣ pereṣ*": "broke out an outburst/made a breach (wordplay with the name given to the place)" } } 9 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.9", "source": "וַיִּרָ֥א דָוִ֛ד אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אֵ֛יךְ יָב֥וֹא אֵלַ֖י אֲר֥וֹן יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *yirāʾ* *Dāwid* *ʾet*-*YHWH* in-the-*yôm* the-that and *yōʾmer* how *yābôʾ* to-me *ʾărôn* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*yirāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he feared", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*yôm*": "masculine singular with definite article - day", "*yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he said", "*yābôʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will come", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark" }, "variants": { "*yirāʾ*": "feared/was afraid of/was in awe of" } } 10 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.10", "source": "וְלֹֽא־אָבָ֣ה דָוִ֗ד לְהָסִ֥יר אֵלָ֛יו אֶת־אֲר֥וֹן יְהוָ֖ה עַל־עִ֣יר דָּוִ֑ד וַיַּטֵּ֣הוּ דָוִ֔ד בֵּ֥ית עֹבֵֽד־אֱד֖וֹם הַגִּתִּֽי׃", "text": "And-not-*ʾābāh* *Dāwid* to-*hāsîr* unto-him *ʾet*-*ʾărôn* *YHWH* to-*ʿîr* *Dāwid* and *yaṭṭēhû* *Dāwid* *bêt* *ʿŌbēd*-*ʾĔdôm* the-*Gittî*.", "grammar": { "*ʾābāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was willing", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*hāsîr*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to remove/bring", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular construct - city", "*yaṭṭēhû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with suffix and waw consecutive - he directed it/turned it aside", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house", "*ʿŌbēd-ʾĔdôm*": "proper noun - Obed-edom", "*Gittî*": "gentilic adjective with definite article - the Gittite" }, "variants": { "*ʾābāh*": "was willing/wanted/consented", "*yaṭṭēhû*": "directed it/diverted it/turned it aside" } } 11 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.11", "source": "וַיֵּשֶׁב֩ אֲר֨וֹן יְהוָ֜ה בֵּ֣ית עֹבֵ֥ד אֱדֹ֛ם הַגִּתִּ֖י שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה חֳדָשִׁ֑ים וַיְבָ֧רֶךְ יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־עֹבֵ֥ד אֱדֹ֖ם וְאֶת־כָּל־בֵּיתֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *yēšeb* *ʾărôn* *YHWH* *bêt* *ʿŌbēd* *ʾĔdōm* the-*Gittî* three *ḥŏdāšîm* and *yəbārek* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*ʿŌbēd* *ʾĔdōm* and-*ʾet*-all-*bêtô*.", "grammar": { "*yēšeb*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - it remained/stayed", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house", "*ʿŌbēd ʾĔdōm*": "proper noun - Obed-edom", "*Gittî*": "gentilic adjective with definite article - the Gittite", "*ḥŏdāšîm*": "masculine plural - months", "*yəbārek*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he blessed", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bêtô*": "masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house" }, "variants": { "*yēšeb*": "remained/stayed/dwelled" } } 12 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.12", "source": "וַיֻּגַּ֗ד לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִד֮ לֵאמֹר֒ בֵּרַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֗ה אֶת־בֵּ֨ית עֹבֵ֤ד אֱדֹם֙ וְאֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֔וֹ בַּעֲב֖וּר אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֗ד וַיַּעַל֩ אֶת־אֲר֨וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֜ים מִבֵּ֨ית עֹבֵ֥ד אֱדֹ֛ם עִ֥יר דָּוִ֖ד בְּשִׂמְחָֽה׃", "text": "And *yuggad* to-the-*melek* *Dāwid* *lēʾmōr* *bērak* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*bêt* *ʿŌbēd* *ʾĔdōm* and-*ʾet*-all-which-to-him for-the-sake-of *ʾărôn* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* and *yēlek* *Dāwid* and *yaʿal* *ʾet*-*ʾărôn* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* from-*bêt* *ʿŌbēd* *ʾĔdōm* to-*ʿîr* *Dāwid* with-*śimḥāh*.", "grammar": { "*yuggad*": "Hophal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - it was told", "*melek*": "masculine singular with definite article - king", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct with lamed prefix - saying", "*bērak*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has blessed", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house", "*ʿŌbēd ʾĔdōm*": "proper noun - Obed-edom", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - God", "*yēlek*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he went", "*yaʿal*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he brought up", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular construct - city", "*śimḥāh*": "feminine singular with prefix - joy/gladness" }, "variants": { "*lēʾmōr*": "saying (introduces direct speech)", "*yaʿal*": "brought up/carried up/led up" } } 13 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.13", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י כִּ֧י צָעֲד֛וּ נֹשְׂאֵ֥י אֲרוֹן־יְהוָ֖ה שִׁשָּׁ֣ה צְעָדִ֑ים וַיִּזְבַּ֥ח שׁ֖וֹר וּמְרִֽיא׃", "text": "And *yəhî* when *ṣāʿădû* *nōśəʾê* *ʾărôn*-*YHWH* six *ṣəʿādîm* and *yizbaḥ* *šôr* and-*mərîʾ*.", "grammar": { "*yəhî*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - it happened", "*ṣāʿădû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they stepped/walked", "*nōśəʾê*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct - bearers of", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ṣəʿādîm*": "masculine plural - steps/paces", "*yizbaḥ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he sacrificed", "*šôr*": "masculine singular - ox/bull", "*mərîʾ*": "masculine singular - fatling/fattened calf" }, "variants": { "*mərîʾ*": "fatling/fattened calf/fat animal" } } 14 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.14", "source": "וְדָוִ֛ד מְכַרְכֵּ֥ר בְּכָל־עֹ֖ז לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְדָוִ֕ד חָג֖וּר אֵפ֥וֹד בָּֽד׃", "text": "And-*Dāwid* *məkarkēr* with-all-*ʿōz* before *YHWH* and-*Dāwid* *ḥāgûr* *ʾēfôd* *bād*.", "grammar": { "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*məkarkēr*": "Pilpel participle masculine singular - whirling/dancing", "*ʿōz*": "masculine singular - strength/might", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ḥāgûr*": "Qal passive participle masculine singular - girded with", "*ʾēfôd*": "masculine singular - ephod", "*bād*": "masculine singular - linen" }, "variants": { "*məkarkēr*": "dancing/whirling/leaping", "*ʾēfôd bād*": "linen ephod (priestly garment)" } } 15 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.15", "source": "וְדָוִד֙ וְכָל־בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מַעֲלִ֖ים אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֑ה בִּתְרוּעָ֖ה וּבְק֥וֹל שׁוֹפָֽר׃", "text": "And-*Dāwid* and-all-*bêt* *Yiśrāʾēl* *maʿălîm* *ʾet*-*ʾărôn* *YHWH* with-*tərûʿāh* and-with-*qôl* *šôfār*.", "grammar": { "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*maʿălîm*": "Hiphil participle masculine plural - bringing up", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*tərûʿāh*": "feminine singular with prefix - shouting/trumpet blast", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct with prefix - sound of", "*šôfār*": "masculine singular - ram's horn/trumpet" }, "variants": { "*tərûʿāh*": "shouting/jubilation/trumpet blast" } } 16 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.16", "source": "וְהָיָה֙ אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֔ה בָּ֖א עִ֣יר דָּוִ֑ד וּמִיכַ֨ל בַּת־שָׁא֜וּל נִשְׁקְפָ֣ה ׀ בְּעַ֣ד הַחַלּ֗וֹן וַתֵּ֨רֶא אֶת־הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ דָּוִד֙ מְפַזֵּ֤ז וּמְכַרְכֵּר֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַתִּ֥בֶז ל֖וֹ בְּלִבָּֽהּ׃", "text": "And-*hāyāh* *ʾărôn* *YHWH* *bāʾ* *ʿîr* *Dāwid* and-*Mîkal* *bat*-*Šāʾûl* *nišqəfāh* through the-*ḥallôn* and *tēreʾ* *ʾet*-the-*melek* *Dāwid* *məfazzēz* and-*məkarkēr* before *YHWH* and *tibez* for-him in-*libbāh*.", "grammar": { "*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was/happened", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*bāʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - coming/entering", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular construct - city", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*Mîkal*": "proper noun - Michal", "*bat*": "feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*nišqəfāh*": "Niphal perfect 3rd feminine singular - looked down/out", "*ḥallôn*": "masculine singular with definite article - window", "*tēreʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - she saw", "*melek*": "masculine singular with definite article - king", "*məfazzēz*": "Piel participle masculine singular - leaping/dancing", "*məkarkēr*": "Pilpel participle masculine singular - whirling/dancing", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*tibez*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - she despised", "*libbāh*": "masculine singular with suffix - her heart" }, "variants": { "*nišqəfāh*": "looked down/out/leaned out", "*məfazzēz*": "leaping/dancing/skipping", "*tibez*": "despised/disdained/held in contempt" } } 17 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.17", "source": "וַיָּבִ֜אוּ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֗ה וַיַּצִּ֤גוּ אֹתוֹ֙ בִּמְקוֹמ֔וֹ בְּת֣וֹךְ הָאֹ֔הֶל אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָטָה־ל֖וֹ דָּוִ֑ד וַיַּ֨עַל דָּוִ֥ד עֹל֛וֹת לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה וּשְׁלָמִֽים׃", "text": "And *yābîʾû* *ʾet*-*ʾărôn* *YHWH* and *yaṣṣigû* *ʾōtô* in-*məqômô* in-midst the-*ʾōhel* which *nāṭāh*-for-him *Dāwid* and *yaʿal* *Dāwid* *ʿōlôt* before *YHWH* and-*šəlāmîm*.", "grammar": { "*yābîʾû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they brought", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*yaṣṣigû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they set", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - it", "*məqômô*": "masculine singular with prefix and 3rd masculine singular suffix - its place", "*ʾōhel*": "masculine singular with definite article - tent", "*nāṭāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he pitched/stretched out", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*yaʿal*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he offered", "*ʿōlôt*": "feminine plural - burnt offerings", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*šəlāmîm*": "masculine plural - peace offerings" }, "variants": { "*ʿōlôt*": "burnt offerings/whole offerings", "*šəlāmîm*": "peace offerings/fellowship offerings/well-being offerings" } } 18 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.18", "source": "וַיְכַ֣ל דָּוִ֔ד מֵהַעֲל֥וֹת הָעוֹלָ֖ה וְהַשְּׁלָמִ֑ים וַיְבָ֣רֶךְ אֶת־הָעָ֔ם בְּשֵׁ֖ם יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃", "text": "And *yəkal* *Dāwid* from-*haʿălôt* the-*ʿôlāh* and-the-*šəlāmîm* and *yəbārek* *ʾet*-the-*ʿām* in-*šēm* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt*.", "grammar": { "*yəkal*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he finished", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*haʿălôt*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - offering up", "*ʿôlāh*": "feminine singular with definite article - burnt offering", "*šəlāmîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - peace offerings", "*yəbārek*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he blessed", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people", "*šēm*": "masculine singular construct - name", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "feminine plural - hosts/armies" }, "variants": { "*šēm YHWH ṣəbāʾôt*": "name of the LORD of hosts/in the name of the LORD of armies" } } 19 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.19", "source": "וַיְחַלֵּ֨ק לְכָל־הָעָ֜ם לְכָל־הֲמ֣וֹן יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ לְמֵאִ֣ישׁ וְעַד־אִשָּׁה֒ לְאִ֗ישׁ חַלַּ֥ת לֶ֙חֶם֙ אַחַ֔ת וְאֶשְׁפָּ֣ר אֶחָ֔ד וַאֲשִׁישָׁ֖ה אֶחָ֑ת וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ כָּל־הָעָ֖ם אִ֥ישׁ לְבֵיתֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *yəḥallēq* to-all-the-*ʿām* to-all-*hămôn* *Yiśrāʾēl* from-man and-to-woman to-each-*ʾîš* *ḥallat* *leḥem* one and-*ʾešpār* one and-*ʾăšîšāh* one and *yēlek* all-the-*ʿām* *ʾîš* to-*bêtô*.", "grammar": { "*yəḥallēq*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he distributed/divided", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people", "*hămôn*": "masculine singular construct - multitude", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular - man/each one", "*ḥallat*": "feminine singular construct - cake/loaf of", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular - bread", "*ʾešpār*": "masculine singular - portion/measure", "*ʾăšîšāh*": "feminine singular - cake of raisins", "*yēlek*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - went", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular with definite article - people", "*bêtô*": "masculine singular with suffix - his house" }, "variants": { "*ḥallat leḥem*": "loaf of bread/bread cake", "*ʾešpār*": "portion of meat/date cake/measure", "*ʾăšîšāh*": "raisin cake/cake of pressed fruit" } } 20 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.20", "source": "וַיָּ֥שָׁב דָּוִ֖ד לְבָרֵ֣ךְ אֶת־בֵּית֑וֹ וַתֵּצֵ֞א מִיכַ֤ל בַּת־שָׁאוּל֙ לִקְרַ֣את דָּוִ֔ד וַתֹּ֗אמֶר מַה־נִּכְבַּ֨ד הַיּ֜וֹם מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִגְלָ֤ה הַיּוֹם֙ לְעֵינֵי֙ אַמְה֣וֹת עֲבָדָ֔יו כְּהִגָּל֥וֹת נִגְל֖וֹת אַחַ֥ד הָרֵקִֽים׃", "text": "And *yāšāb* *Dāwid* to-*bārēk* *ʾet*-*bêtô* and *tēṣēʾ* *Mîkal* *bat*-*Šāʾûl* to-*qirat* *Dāwid* and *tōʾmer* how-*nikbad* the-*yôm* *melek* *Yiśrāʾēl* who *niglāh* the-day to-*ʿênê* *ʾamhôt* *ʿăbādāyw* as-*higgālôt* *niglôt* one the-*rēqîm*.", "grammar": { "*yāšāb*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he returned", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*bārēk*": "Piel infinitive construct - to bless", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bêtô*": "masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house", "*tēṣēʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - she went out", "*Mîkal*": "proper noun - Michal", "*bat*": "feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*qirat*": "feminine singular construct - meeting", "*tōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - she said", "*nikbad*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was honored/glorious", "*yôm*": "masculine singular with definite article - day", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*niglāh*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - revealed himself", "*ʿênê*": "feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*ʾamhôt*": "feminine plural construct - maidservants of", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*higgālôt*": "Niphal infinitive construct - revealing", "*niglôt*": "Niphal infinitive construct - revealing", "*rēqîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - empty/worthless ones" }, "variants": { "*nikbad*": "was honored/was glorious/was distinguished (sarcastic)", "*niglāh*": "uncovered himself/exposed himself/revealed himself", "*higgālôt niglôt*": "revealing reveals (emphatic construction)", "*rēqîm*": "empty ones/worthless ones/vain fellows" } } 21 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.21", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִד֮ אֶל־מִיכַל֒ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר בָּֽחַר־בִּ֤י מֵֽאָבִיךְ֙ וּמִכָּל־בֵּית֔וֹ לְצַוֺּ֨ת אֹתִ֥י נָגִ֛יד עַל־עַ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְשִׂחַקְתִּ֖י לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *yōʾmer* *Dāwid* unto-*Mîkal* before *YHWH* who *bāḥar*-in-me from-*ʾābîk* and-from-all-*bêtô* to-*ṣawwōt* *ʾōtî* *nāgîd* over-*ʿam* *YHWH* over-*Yiśrāʾēl* and-*śiḥaqtî* before *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he said", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*Mîkal*": "proper noun - Michal", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*bāḥar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he chose", "*ʾābîk*": "masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your father", "*bêtô*": "masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house", "*ṣawwōt*": "Piel infinitive construct - to appoint/command", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker with 1st common singular suffix - me", "*nāgîd*": "masculine singular - ruler/leader", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular construct - people of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*śiḥaqtî*": "Piel perfect 1st common singular with waw consecutive - I played/danced" }, "variants": { "*nāgîd*": "ruler/leader/prince", "*śiḥaqtî*": "played/celebrated/danced/made merry" } } 22 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.22", "source": "וּנְקַלֹּ֤תִי עוֹד֙ מִזֹּ֔את וְהָיִ֥יתִי שָׁפָ֖ל בְּעֵינָ֑י וְעִם־הָֽאֲמָהוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֔רְתְּ עִמָּ֖ם אִכָּבֵֽדָה׃", "text": "And-*nəqallōtî* more from-this and-*hāyîtî* *šāfāl* in-*ʿênāy* and-with-the-*ʾămāhôt* whom *ʾāmart* with-them *ʾikkābēdāh*.", "grammar": { "*nəqallōtî*": "Niphal perfect 1st common singular with waw consecutive - I will be more lightly esteemed", "*hāyîtî*": "Qal perfect 1st common singular with waw consecutive - I will be", "*šāfāl*": "adjective masculine singular - low/lowly", "*ʿênāy*": "feminine dual with 1st common singular suffix - my eyes", "*ʾămāhôt*": "feminine plural with definite article - maidservants", "*ʾāmart*": "Qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you said", "*ʾikkābēdāh*": "Niphal imperfect 1st common singular cohortative - I will be honored" }, "variants": { "*nəqallōtî*": "I will be more lightly esteemed/I will make myself more contemptible", "*šāfāl*": "low/lowly/humble", "*ʾikkābēdāh*": "I will be honored/I will be held in honor" } } 23 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.6.23", "source": "וּלְמִיכַל֙ בַּת־שָׁא֔וּל לֹֽא־הָ֥יָה לָ֖הּ יָ֑לֶד עַ֖ד י֥וֹם מוֹתָֽהּ׃", "text": "And-to-*Mîkal* *bat*-*Šāʾûl* not-*hāyāh* to-her *yāled* until *yôm* *môtāh*.", "grammar": { "*Mîkal*": "proper noun - Michal", "*bat*": "feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*yāled*": "masculine singular - child/offspring", "*yôm*": "masculine singular construct - day of", "*môtāh*": "masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her death" }, "variants": { "*yāled*": "child/offspring/son" } }
• 1 Kgs 8:4 : 4 { "verseID": "1 Kings.8.4", "source": "וַֽיַּעֲל֞וּ אֶת־אֲר֤וֹן יְהוָה֙ וְאֶת־אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֔ד וְאֶֽת־כָּל־כְּלֵ֥י הַקֹּ֖דֶשׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּאֹ֑הֶל וַיַּעֲל֣וּ אֹתָ֔ם הַכֹּהֲנִ֖ים וְהַלְוִיִּֽם", "text": "And *wayyaʿălû* *ʾet*-*ʾărôn* *YHWH* and *ʾet*-*ʾōhel* *môʿēd* and *ʾet*-all-*kəlê* the *qōdeš* which in the *ʾōhel* and *wayyaʿălû* *ʾōtām* the *kōhănîm* and the *ləwiyyîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿălû*": "Hiphil imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine plural - and they brought up", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker - untranslated in English", "*ʾărôn*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - ark of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD, Yahweh", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾōhel*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - tent of", "*môʿēd*": "common noun, masculine singular - meeting, appointed time", "*kəlê*": "construct state plural of *kəlî* - vessels of, implements of", "*qōdeš*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the holy place, holiness", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*ʾōhel*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the tent", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*kōhănîm*": "common noun, masculine plural with definite article - the priests", "*ləwiyyîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural with definite article - the Levites" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿălû*": "and they brought up, and they carried up, and they offered up", "*ʾărôn*": "ark, chest, box", "*ʾōhel*": "tent, tabernacle, dwelling", "*môʿēd*": "meeting, appointed time, assembly", "*kəlê*": "vessels, implements, utensils, articles", "*qōdeš*": "holiness, holy place, sanctuary" } }
• 1 Chr 15:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.1", "source": "וַיַּֽעַשׂ־ל֥וֹ בָתִּ֖ים בְּעִ֣יר דָּוִ֑יד וַיָּ֤כֶן מָקוֹם֙ לֽ͏ַאֲר֣וֹן הֽ͏ָאֱלֹהִ֔ים וַיֶּט־ל֖וֹ אֹֽהֶל׃", "text": "*wə-yaʿas* to-him *battim* in-*ʿir David* *wə-yāken māqôm* for-*ʾărôn hā-ʾĕlōhîm* *wə-yet* to-him *ʾōhel*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿas*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he made", "*battim*": "masculine plural construct - houses", "*ʿir*": "feminine singular construct - city", "*David*": "proper name", "*wə-yāken*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he prepared", "*māqôm*": "masculine singular construct - place", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + masculine plural - the God", "*wə-yet*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he spread/pitched", "*ʾōhel*": "masculine singular - tent" }, "variants": { "*yaʿas*": "made/constructed/prepared", "*battim*": "houses/structures/dwellings", "*ʿir*": "city/town", "*yāken*": "prepared/established/fixed", "*māqôm*": "place/location/site", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest/box", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*yet*": "spread/stretched/pitched", "*ʾōhel*": "tent/tabernacle/dwelling" } } 2 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.2", "source": "אָ֚ז אָמַ֣ר דָּוִ֔יד לֹ֤א לָשֵׂאת֙ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן הֽ͏ָאֱלֹהִ֔ים כִּ֖י אִם־הַלְוִיִּ֑ם כִּי־בָ֣ם ׀ בָּחַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה לָשֵׂ֞את אֶת־אֲר֧וֹן יְהוָ֛ה וּֽלְשָׁרְת֖וֹ עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*ʾāz ʾāmar David* not *lāśeʾt ʾet-ʾărôn hā-ʾĕlōhîm kî ʾim-ha-ləwiyyim kî-vām bāḥar Yahweh lāśeʾt ʾet-ʾărôn Yahweh û-lĕšārtô ʿad-ʿôlām*", "grammar": { "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - said", "*David*": "proper name", "*lāśeʾt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to carry", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + masculine plural - the God", "*kî ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - except/but only", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "definite article + proper noun plural - the Levites", "*kî-vām*": "conjunction + preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - for in them", "*bāḥar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - chose", "*Yahweh*": "divine name", "*lāśeʾt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to carry", "*û-lĕšārtô*": "conjunction + preposition + piel infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and to serve him", "*ʿad-ʿôlām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - forever" }, "variants": { "*ʾāz*": "then/at that time", "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*lāśeʾt*": "to carry/bear/lift", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest/box", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*ləwiyyim*": "Levites (tribal name)", "*bāḥar*": "chose/selected/elected", "*lĕšārtô*": "to serve him/minister to him/attend to him", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternity/perpetuity" } } 3 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.3", "source": "וַיַּקְהֵ֥ל דָּוִ֛יד אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־יְרֽוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם לְהַעֲלוֹת֙ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֔ה אֶל־מְקוֹמ֖וֹ אֲשֶׁר־הֵכִ֥ין לֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-yaqhel David ʾet-kol-yiśrāʾel ʾel-yərûšālāim lĕhaʿălôt ʾet-ʾărôn Yahweh ʾel-məqômô ʾăšer-hekîn lô*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaqhel*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he assembled", "*David*": "proper name", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "masculine singular construct - all of", "*yiśrāʾel*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*lĕhaʿălôt*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to bring up", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*Yahweh*": "divine name", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*məqômô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his place", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*hekîn*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he had prepared", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - for it" }, "variants": { "*yaqhel*": "assembled/gathered/convened", "*kol*": "all/every/whole", "*yiśrāʾel*": "Israel (national name)", "*yərûšālāim*": "Jerusalem (city name)", "*lĕhaʿălôt*": "to bring up/to elevate/to offer", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest/box", "*məqômô*": "his place/his location/his site", "*hekîn*": "prepared/established/arranged" } } 4 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.4", "source": "וַיֶּאֱסֹ֥ף דָּוִ֛יד אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י אֽ͏ַהֲרֹ֖ן וְאֶת־הַלְוִיִּֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yeʾĕsōp̄ David ʾet-bənê ʾAhărōn wə-ʾet-ha-ləwiyyim*", "grammar": { "*wə-yeʾĕsōp̄*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he gathered", "*David*": "proper name", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʾAhărōn*": "proper name - Aaron", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "definite article + proper noun plural - the Levites" }, "variants": { "*yeʾĕsōp̄*": "gathered/collected/assembled", "*bənê*": "sons/descendants/members", "*ʾAhărōn*": "Aaron (personal name)", "*ləwiyyim*": "Levites (tribal name)" } } 5 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.5", "source": "לִבְנֵ֖י קְהָ֑ת אוּרִיאֵ֣ל הַשָּׂ֔ר וְאֶחָ֖יו מֵאָ֥ה וְעֶשְׂרִֽים׃", "text": "*livnê qəhāt ʾûrîʾel ha-śār wə-ʾeḥāyw meʾāh wə-ʿeśrîm*", "grammar": { "*livnê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - for the sons of", "*qəhāt*": "proper name - Kohath", "*ʾûrîʾel*": "proper name - Uriel", "*ha-śār*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the chief", "*wə-ʾeḥāyw*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his brothers", "*meʾāh*": "feminine singular number - hundred", "*wə-ʿeśrîm*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and twenty" }, "variants": { "*livnê*": "for the sons of/for the descendants of", "*qəhāt*": "Kohath (personal name)", "*ʾûrîʾel*": "Uriel (personal name)", "*ha-śār*": "the chief/the official/the leader", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "his brothers/his relatives/his kinsmen" } } 6 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.6", "source": "לִבְנֵ֖י מְרָרִ֑י עֲשָׂיָ֣ה הַשָּׂ֔ר וְאֶחָ֖יו מָאתַ֥יִם וְעֶשְׂרִֽים׃", "text": "*livnê mərārî ʿăśāyāh ha-śār wə-ʾeḥāyw mātayim wə-ʿeśrîm*", "grammar": { "*livnê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - for the sons of", "*mərārî*": "proper name - Merari", "*ʿăśāyāh*": "proper name - Asaiah", "*ha-śār*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the chief", "*wə-ʾeḥāyw*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his brothers", "*mātayim*": "dual form number - two hundred", "*wə-ʿeśrîm*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and twenty" }, "variants": { "*livnê*": "for the sons of/for the descendants of", "*mərārî*": "Merari (personal name)", "*ʿăśāyāh*": "Asaiah (personal name)", "*ha-śār*": "the chief/the official/the leader", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "his brothers/his relatives/his kinsmen" } } 7 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.7", "source": "לִבְנֵ֖י גֵּרְשׁ֑וֹם יוֹאֵ֣ל הַשָּׂ֔ר וְאֶחָ֖יו מֵאָ֥ה וּשְׁלֹשִֽׁים׃", "text": "*livnê gēršôm yôʾēl ha-śār wə-ʾeḥāyw meʾāh û-šĕlōšîm*", "grammar": { "*livnê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - for the sons of", "*gēršôm*": "proper name - Gershom", "*yôʾēl*": "proper name - Joel", "*ha-śār*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the chief", "*wə-ʾeḥāyw*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his brothers", "*meʾāh*": "feminine singular number - hundred", "*û-šĕlōšîm*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and thirty" }, "variants": { "*livnê*": "for the sons of/for the descendants of", "*gēršôm*": "Gershom (personal name)", "*yôʾēl*": "Joel (personal name)", "*ha-śār*": "the chief/the official/the leader", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "his brothers/his relatives/his kinsmen" } } 8 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.8", "source": "לִבְנֵ֖י אֱלִֽיצָפָ֑ן שְׁמַֽעְיָ֥ה הַשָּׂ֖ר וְאֶחָ֥יו מָאתָֽיִם׃", "text": "*livnê ʾĕlîṣāp̄ān šĕmaʿyāh ha-śār wə-ʾeḥāyw mātāyim*", "grammar": { "*livnê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - for the sons of", "*ʾĕlîṣāp̄ān*": "proper name - Elizaphan", "*šĕmaʿyāh*": "proper name - Shemaiah", "*ha-śār*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the chief", "*wə-ʾeḥāyw*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his brothers", "*mātāyim*": "dual form number - two hundred" }, "variants": { "*livnê*": "for the sons of/for the descendants of", "*ʾĕlîṣāp̄ān*": "Elizaphan (personal name)", "*šĕmaʿyāh*": "Shemaiah (personal name)", "*ha-śār*": "the chief/the official/the leader", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "his brothers/his relatives/his kinsmen" } } 9 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.9", "source": "לִבְנֵ֖י חֶבְר֑וֹן אֱלִיאֵ֥ל הַשָּׂ֖ר וְאֶחָ֥יו שְׁמוֹנִֽים׃", "text": "*livnê ḥevrôn ʾĕlîʾēl ha-śār wə-ʾeḥāyw šĕmônîm*", "grammar": { "*livnê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - for the sons of", "*ḥevrôn*": "proper name - Hebron", "*ʾĕlîʾēl*": "proper name - Eliel", "*ha-śār*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the chief", "*wə-ʾeḥāyw*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his brothers", "*šĕmônîm*": "cardinal number - eighty" }, "variants": { "*livnê*": "for the sons of/for the descendants of", "*ḥevrôn*": "Hebron (personal/place name)", "*ʾĕlîʾēl*": "Eliel (personal name)", "*ha-śār*": "the chief/the official/the leader", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "his brothers/his relatives/his kinsmen" } } 10 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.10", "source": "לִבְנֵ֖י עֻזִּיאֵ֑ל עַמִּינָדָ֣ב הַשָּׂ֔ר וְאֶחָ֕יו מֵאָ֖ה וּשְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָֽׂר׃", "text": "*livnê ʿuzzîʾēl ʿammînādāv ha-śār wə-ʾeḥāyw meʾāh û-šĕnêm ʿāśār*", "grammar": { "*livnê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - for the sons of", "*ʿuzzîʾēl*": "proper name - Uzziel", "*ʿammînādāv*": "proper name - Amminadab", "*ha-śār*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the chief", "*wə-ʾeḥāyw*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his brothers", "*meʾāh*": "feminine singular number - hundred", "*û-šĕnêm ʿāśār*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and twelve" }, "variants": { "*livnê*": "for the sons of/for the descendants of", "*ʿuzzîʾēl*": "Uzziel (personal name)", "*ʿammînādāv*": "Amminadab (personal name)", "*ha-śār*": "the chief/the official/the leader", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "his brothers/his relatives/his kinsmen" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.11", "source": "וַיִּקְרָ֣א דָוִ֔יד לְצָד֥וֹק וּלְאֶבְיָתָ֖ר הַכֹּֽהֲנִ֑ים וְלַלְוִיִּ֗ם לְאֽוּרִיאֵ֤ל עֲשָׂיָה֙ וְיוֹאֵ֣ל שְׁמַֽעְיָ֔ה וֶאֱלִיאֵ֖ל וְעַמִּינָדָֽב׃", "text": "*wə-yiqrāʾ david lĕṣādôq û-lĕʾevyātār ha-kōhănîm wə-la-ləwiyyim lĕʾûrîʾēl ʿăśāyāh wə-yôʾēl šĕmaʿyāh we-ʾĕlîʾēl wə-ʿammînādāv*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiqrāʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*david*": "proper name - David", "*lĕṣādôq*": "preposition + proper name - to Zadok", "*û-lĕʾevyātār*": "conjunction + preposition + proper name - and to Abiathar", "*ha-kōhănîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the priests", "*wə-la-ləwiyyim*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + proper noun plural - and to the Levites", "*lĕʾûrîʾēl*": "preposition + proper name - to Uriel", "*ʿăśāyāh*": "proper name - Asaiah", "*wə-yôʾēl*": "conjunction + proper name - and Joel", "*šĕmaʿyāh*": "proper name - Shemaiah", "*we-ʾĕlîʾēl*": "conjunction + proper name - and Eliel", "*wə-ʿammînādāv*": "conjunction + proper name - and Amminadab" }, "variants": { "*yiqrāʾ*": "called/summoned/invited", "*ṣādôq*": "Zadok (personal name)", "*ʾevyātār*": "Abiathar (personal name)", "*ha-kōhănîm*": "the priests/the officiants", "*ləwiyyim*": "Levites (tribal name)", "*ʾûrîʾēl*": "Uriel (personal name)", "*ʿăśāyāh*": "Asaiah (personal name)", "*yôʾēl*": "Joel (personal name)", "*šĕmaʿyāh*": "Shemaiah (personal name)", "*ʾĕlîʾēl*": "Eliel (personal name)", "*ʿammînādāv*": "Amminadab (personal name)" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.12", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֔ם אַתֶּ֛ם רָאשֵׁ֥י הָאָב֖וֹת לַלְוִיִּ֑ם הִֽתְקַדְּשׁוּ֙ אַתֶּ֣ם וַאֲחֵיכֶ֔ם וְהַֽעֲלִיתֶ֗ם אֵ֣ת אֲר֤וֹן יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֶל־הֲכִינ֖וֹתִי לֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer lāhem ʾattem rāšê hā-ʾāvôt la-ləwiyyim hitqaddəšû ʾattem wa-ʾăḥêkem wə-haʿălîtem ʾēt ʾărôn Yahweh ʾĕlōhê yiśrāʾēl ʾel-hăkînôtî lô*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*ʾattem*": "2nd masculine plural pronoun - you", "*rāšê*": "masculine plural construct - heads of", "*hā-ʾāvôt*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the fathers", "*la-ləwiyyim*": "preposition + definite article + proper noun plural - for the Levites", "*hitqaddəšû*": "hitpael imperative masculine plural - sanctify yourselves", "*ʾattem*": "2nd masculine plural pronoun - you", "*wa-ʾăḥêkem*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - and your brothers", "*wə-haʿălîtem*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 2nd masculine plural - and bring up", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*Yahweh*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾel-hăkînôtî*": "preposition + hiphil perfect 1st common singular with suffix - to what I have prepared", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - for it" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmer*": "said/spoke/declared", "*rāšê*": "heads/chiefs/leaders", "*hā-ʾāvôt*": "the fathers/ancestral houses/patriarchal divisions", "*hitqaddəšû*": "sanctify yourselves/consecrate yourselves/purify yourselves", "*ʾăḥêkem*": "your brothers/your relatives/your kinsmen", "*haʿălîtem*": "bring up/elevate/raise", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest/box", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of/deity of", "*hăkînôtî*": "I have prepared/I have established/I have arranged" } } 13 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.13", "source": "כִּ֛י לְמַבָּרִ֥אשׁוֹנָ֖ה לֹ֣א אַתֶּ֑ם פָּרַ֨ץ יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ בָּ֔נוּ כִּי־לֹ֥א דְרַשְׁנֻ֖הוּ כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "*kî lĕmabbārîʾšônāh lōʾ ʾattem pāraṣ Yahweh ʾĕlōhênû bānû kî-lōʾ dĕrašnûhû ka-mišpāṭ*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*lĕmabbārîʾšônāh*": "preposition + definite article + preposition + feminine singular adjective - at the first (unusual compound form)", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾattem*": "2nd masculine plural pronoun - you", "*pāraṣ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - broke out", "*Yahweh*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st common plural suffix - our God", "*bānû*": "preposition with 1st common plural suffix - against us", "*kî-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - because not", "*dĕrašnûhû*": "qal perfect 1st common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - we sought him", "*ka-mišpāṭ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - according to the ordinance" }, "variants": { "*kî*": "because/for/since", "*lĕmabbārîʾšônāh*": "at the first/previously/before (unusual form)", "*pāraṣ*": "broke out/made a breach/burst forth", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "our God/our deity", "*dĕrašnûhû*": "we sought him/we inquired of him/we consulted him", "*mišpāṭ*": "ordinance/judgment/proper procedure" } } 14 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.14", "source": "וַיִּֽתְקַדְּשׁ֔וּ הַכֹּהֲנִ֖ים וְהַלְוִיִּ֑ם לְהַעֲל֕וֹת אֶת־אֲר֥וֹן יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wə-yitqaddĕšû ha-kōhănîm wə-ha-ləwiyyim lĕhaʿălôt ʾet-ʾărôn Yahweh ʾĕlōhê yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-yitqaddĕšû*": "conjunction + hitpael imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they sanctified themselves", "*ha-kōhănîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the priests", "*wə-ha-ləwiyyim*": "conjunction + definite article + proper noun plural - and the Levites", "*lĕhaʿălôt*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to bring up", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*Yahweh*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*yitqaddĕšû*": "sanctified themselves/consecrated themselves/purified themselves", "*ha-kōhănîm*": "the priests/the officiants", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "the Levites (tribal name)", "*lĕhaʿălôt*": "to bring up/to elevate/to raise", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest/box", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of/deity of" } } 15 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.15", "source": "וַיִּשְׂא֣וּ בְנֵֽי־הַלְוִיִּ֗ם אֵ֚ת אֲר֣וֹן הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה מֹשֶׁ֖ה כִּדְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה בִּכְתֵפָ֥ם בַּמֹּט֖וֹת עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yiśĕʾû bĕnê-ha-ləwiyyim ʾēt ʾărôn hā-ʾĕlōhîm ka-ʾăšer ṣiwwāh mōšeh ki-dĕvar Yahweh bi-kĕtep̄ām ba-mmōṭôt ʿălêhem*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiśĕʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they carried", "*bĕnê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "definite article + proper noun plural - the Levites", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark", "*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + masculine plural - the God", "*ka-ʾăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - as", "*ṣiwwāh*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - commanded", "*mōšeh*": "proper name - Moses", "*ki-dĕvar*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - according to the word of", "*Yahweh*": "divine name", "*bi-kĕtep̄ām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - on their shoulder", "*ba-mmōṭôt*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - with the poles", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them" }, "variants": { "*yiśĕʾû*": "carried/bore/lifted", "*bĕnê*": "sons/descendants", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "the Levites (tribal name)", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest/box", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*ṣiwwāh*": "commanded/ordered/instructed", "*ki-dĕvar*": "according to the word of/as commanded by", "*kĕtep̄ām*": "their shoulder/their side", "*mmōṭôt*": "poles/bars/staves" } } 16 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.16", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִיד֮ לְשָׂרֵ֣י הַלְוִיִּם֒ לְהַֽעֲמִ֗יד אֶת־אֲחֵיהֶם֙ הַמְשֹׁ֣רְרִ֔ים בִּכְלֵי־שִׁ֛יר נְבָלִ֥ים וְכִנֹּר֖וֹת וּמְצִלְתָּ֑יִם מַשְׁמִיעִ֥ים לְהָרִֽים־בְּק֖וֹל לְשִׂמְחָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer dāwîd lĕśārê ha-ləwiyyim lĕhaʿămîd ʾet-ʾăḥêhem ha-mĕšōrĕrîm bi-kĕlê-šîr nĕvālîm wĕ-kinnōrôt û-mĕṣiltāyim mašmîʿîm lĕhārîm-bĕqôl lĕśimḥāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*dāwîd*": "proper name - David", "*lĕśārê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - to the chiefs of", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "definite article + proper noun plural - the Levites", "*lĕhaʿămîd*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to appoint", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăḥêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their brothers", "*ha-mĕšōrĕrîm*": "definite article + poel participle masculine plural - the singers", "*bi-kĕlê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - with instruments of", "*šîr*": "masculine singular noun - song", "*nĕvālîm*": "masculine plural noun - harps", "*wĕ-kinnōrôt*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and lyres", "*û-mĕṣiltāyim*": "conjunction + feminine dual noun - and cymbals", "*mašmîʿîm*": "hiphil participle masculine plural - sounding/making heard", "*lĕhārîm*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to raise", "*bĕqôl*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - with voice", "*lĕśimḥāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - with joy" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmer*": "said/spoke/declared", "*śārê*": "chiefs/officials/leaders", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "the Levites (tribal name)", "*lĕhaʿămîd*": "to appoint/to station/to establish", "*ʾăḥêhem*": "their brothers/their relatives/their colleagues", "*ha-mĕšōrĕrîm*": "the singers/the musicians", "*kĕlê*": "instruments/implements/tools", "*šîr*": "song/music", "*nĕvālîm*": "harps/string instruments", "*kinnōrôt*": "lyres/string instruments", "*mĕṣiltāyim*": "cymbals/percussion instruments", "*mašmîʿîm*": "sounding/making heard/resounding", "*lĕhārîm*": "to raise/to lift up/to elevate", "*qôl*": "voice/sound", "*śimḥāh*": "joy/gladness/mirth" } } 17 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.15.17", "source": "וַיַּעֲמִ֣ידוּ הַלְוִיִּ֗ם אֵ֚ת הֵימָ֣ן בֶּן־יוֹאֵ֔ל וּמִ֨ן־אֶחָ֔יו אָסָ֖ף בֶּן־בֶּֽרֶכְיָ֑הוּ ס וּמִן־בְּנֵ֤י מְרָרִי֙ אֲחֵיהֶ֔ם אֵיתָ֖ן בֶּן־קֽוּשָׁיָֽהוּ׃", "text": "*wə-yaʿămîdû ha-ləwiyyim ʾēt hêmān ben-yôʾēl û-min-ʾeḥāyw ʾāsāp̄ ben-berekyāhû û-min-bĕnê mĕrārî ʾăḥêhem ʾêtān ben-qûšāyāhû*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿămîdû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they appointed", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "definite article + proper noun plural - the Levites", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*hêmān*": "proper name - Heman", "*ben*": "masculine singular construct - son of", "*yôʾēl*": "proper name - Joel", "*û-min*": "conjunction + preposition - and from", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brothers", "*ʾāsāp̄*": "proper name - Asaph", "*ben*": "masculine singular construct - son of", "*berekyāhû*": "proper name - Berechiah", "*û-min*": "conjunction + preposition - and from", "*bĕnê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*mĕrārî*": "proper name - Merari", "*ʾăḥêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their brothers", "*ʾêtān*": "proper name - Ethan", "*ben*": "masculine singular construct - son of", "*qûšāyāhû*": "proper name - Kushaiah" }, "variants": { "*yaʿămîdû*": "appointed/stationed/established", "*ha-ləwiyyim*": "the Levites (tribal name)", "*hêmān*": "Heman (personal name)", "*yôʾēl*": "Joel (personal name)", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "his brothers/his relatives/his colleagues", "*ʾāsāp̄*": "Asaph (personal name)", "*berekyāhû*": "Berechiah (personal name)", "*bĕnê*": "sons/descendants", "*mĕrārî*": "Merari (personal name)", "*ʾăḥêhem*": "their brothers/their relatives/their colleagues", "*ʾêtān*": "Ethan (personal name)", "*qûšāyāhû*": "Kushaiah (personal name)" } }
• 1 Chr 16:39 : 39 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.16.39", "source": "וְאֵ֣ת ׀ צָד֣וֹק הַכֹּהֵ֗ן וְאֶחָיו֙ הַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים לִפְנֵ֖י מִשְׁכַּ֣ן יְהוָ֑ה בַּבָּמָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּגִבְעֽוֹן׃", "text": "And *ṣādôq* [Zadok] *hakkōhēn* [the priest] and his *ʾaḥ* [brothers] *hakkōhănîm* [the priests] before *miškān* [tabernacle of] *YHWH* [the LORD] in *bāmâ* [high place] which in *gibʿôn* [Gibeon].", "grammar": { "*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + singular noun - the priest", "*ʾaḥ*": "plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brothers", "*hakkōhănîm*": "definite article + plural noun - the priests", "*miškān*": "construct state - tabernacle of/dwelling of", "*bāmâ*": "definite article + singular noun - the high place", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*wĕ-* (prefix)": "conjunction - and", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*li-pnê* (compound)": "preposition - before", "*bǎ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in", "*bĕ-* (prefix)": "preposition - in" }, "variants": { "*kōhēn*": "priest/minister", "*miškān*": "tabernacle/dwelling/habitation", "*bāmâ*": "high place/elevated place/shrine" } }
• 1 Chr 21:29 : 29 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.21.29", "source": "וּמִשְׁכַּ֣ן יְ֠הוָה אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֨ה מֹשֶׁ֧ה בַמִּדְבָּ֛ר וּמִזְבַּ֥ח הָעוֹלָ֖ה בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֑יא בַּבָּמָ֖ה בְּגִבְעֽוֹן", "text": "*û-miškan* *YHWH* *ʾăšer*-*ʿāśâ* *Mōšeh* *ba-midbār* *û-mizbaḥ* *hā-ʿôlâ* *bā-ʿēt* *ha-hîʾ* *ba-bāmâ* *bə-Gibʿôn*", "grammar": { "*û-miškan*": "conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct - and the tabernacle of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he made", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ba-midbār*": "preposition + definite article + noun common masculine singular - in the wilderness", "*û-mizbaḥ*": "conjunction + noun common masculine singular construct - and the altar of", "*hā-ʿôlâ*": "definite article + noun common feminine singular - the burnt offering", "*bā-ʿēt*": "preposition + definite article + noun common feminine singular - at the time", "*ha-hîʾ*": "definite article + pronoun 3rd person feminine singular - that", "*ba-bāmâ*": "preposition + definite article + noun common feminine singular - at the high place", "*bə-Gibʿôn*": "preposition + proper noun - in Gibeon" }, "variants": { "*miškan*": "tabernacle, dwelling place, tent", "*ʿāśâ*": "made, did, performed", "*midbār*": "wilderness, desert, uninhabited land", "*mizbaḥ*": "altar, place of sacrifice", "*ʿôlâ*": "burnt offering, sacrifice", "*bāmâ*": "high place, hill shrine, elevated site" } }
• Neh 9:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.24", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ הַבָּנִים֙ וַיִּֽירְשׁ֣וּ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וַתַּכְנַ֨ע לִפְנֵיהֶ֜ם אֶת־יֹשְׁבֵ֤י הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ הַכְּנַ֣עֲנִ֔ים וַֽתִּתְּנֵ֖ם בְּיָדָ֑ם וְאֶת־מַלְכֵיהֶם֙ וְאֶת־עַֽמְמֵ֣י הָאָ֔רֶץ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת בָּהֶ֖ם כִּרְצוֹנָֽם׃", "text": "*wayyābōʾû habbānîm wayyîrəšû ʾet-hāʾāreṣ wattaḵnaʿ lipnêhem ʾet-yōšəbê hāʾāreṣ hakkənaʿănîm wattittənēm bəyādām wə-ʾet-malḵêhem wə-ʾet-ʿammê hāʾāreṣ laʿăśôt bāhem kirṣônām", "grammar": { "*wayyābōʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3mp - and they came", "*habbānîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the children/sons", "*wayyîrəšû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3mp - and they possessed", "*ʾet-hāʾāreṣ*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*wattaḵnaʿ*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 2ms - and you subdued", "*lipnêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3mp suffix - before them", "*ʾet-yōšəbê*": "direct object marker + qal participle, masculine plural construct - the inhabitants of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*hakkənaʿănîm*": "definite article + proper noun, masculine plural - the Canaanites", "*wattittənēm*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2ms + 3mp suffix - and you gave them", "*bəyādām*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3mp suffix - into their hand", "*wə-ʾet-malḵêhem*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, masculine plural + 3mp suffix - and their kings", "*wə-ʾet-ʿammê*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct - and the peoples of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to do", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - with them", "*kirṣônām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3mp suffix - according to their pleasure" }, "variants": { "*wayyîrəšû*": "possessed/inherited/took possession of", "*wattaḵnaʿ*": "subdued/humbled/brought down", "*yōšəbê hāʾāreṣ*": "inhabitants of the land/residents of the country", "*wattittənēm bəyādām*": "gave them into their hand/delivered them into their power", "*laʿăśôt bāhem kirṣônām*": "to do with them according to their pleasure/to treat them as they wished" } }
• Heb 4:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Hebrews.4.8", "source": "Εἰ γὰρ αὐτοὺς Ἰησοῦς κατέπαυσεν, οὐκ ἂν περὶ ἄλλης ἐλάλει μετὰ ταῦτα ἡμέρας.", "text": "For if them *Iēsous* had *katepausen*, not would he concerning another *elalei* after these things *hēmeras*.", "grammar": { "*Iēsous*": "nominative masculine singular - Joshua/Jesus", "*katepausen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he gave rest/caused to cease", "*elalei*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - he was speaking", "*hēmeras*": "genitive feminine singular - day" }, "variants": { "*Iēsous*": "Joshua (in this context)/Jesus", "*katepausen*": "gave rest/caused to cease/brought to rest", "*elalei*": "was speaking/was talking/would have spoken about", "*hēmeras*": "day/time/period" } }
• Ps 78:55 : 55 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.55", "source": "וַיְגָ֤רֶשׁ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֨ם ׀ גּוֹיִ֗ם וַֽ֭יַּפִּילֵם בְּחֶ֣בֶל נַחֲלָ֑ה וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֥ן בְּ֝אָהֳלֵיהֶ֗ם שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wə-yəgāreš* from *pənêhem* *gôyim* *wə-yapîlēm* in *ḥeḇel naḥălâ* *wə-yaškēn* in *ʾohŏlêhem* *šiḇṭê yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəgāreš*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he drove out", "*pənêhem*": "from before them - preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles - masculine plural noun", "*wə-yapîlēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he made them fall/allotted them", "*ḥeḇel naḥălâ*": "measuring line of inheritance/portion - construct relationship", "*wə-yaškēn*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he caused to dwell", "*ʾohŏlêhem*": "in their tents - preposition with masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix", "*šiḇṭê yiśrāʾēl*": "tribes of Israel - construct relationship" }, "variants": { "*wə-yəgāreš*": "drove out/expelled/banished", "*yapîlēm*": "caused them to fall/cast them down/allotted to them", "*ḥeḇel naḥălâ*": "measured inheritance/allotted portion/territory divided by measuring line", "*wə-yaškēn*": "caused to dwell/settled/made to inhabit" } }
• Deut 32:49 : 49 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.49", "source": "עֲלֵ֡ה אֶל־הַר֩ הָעֲבָרִ֨ים הַזֶּ֜ה הַר־נְב֗וֹ אֲשֶׁר֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מוֹאָ֔ב אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֣י יְרֵח֑וֹ וּרְאֵה֙ אֶת־אֶ֣רֶץ כְּנַ֔עַן אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲנִ֥י נֹתֵ֛ן לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לַאֲחֻזָּֽה׃", "text": "*ʿălēh* to-*har* *hāʿăbārîm* *hazzeh* *har*-*Nĕbô* *ʾăšer* in-*ʾereṣ* *Môʾāb* *ʾăšer* on-*pĕnê* *Yĕrēḥô* and-*rĕʾēh* *ʾet*-*ʾereṣ* *Kĕnaʿan* *ʾăšer* I *nōtēn* to-*bĕnê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *laʾăḥuzzâh*.", "grammar": { "*ʿălēh*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - go up", "*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*hāʿăbārîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the Abarim", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + masculine singular demonstrative - this", "*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*Nĕbô*": "proper noun - Nebo", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*Môʾāb*": "proper noun - Moab", "*pĕnê*": "masculine plural construct - face/front of", "*Yĕrēḥô*": "proper noun - Jericho", "*rĕʾēh*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - see", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*Kĕnaʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan", "*nōtēn*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - giving", "*bĕnê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*laʾăḥuzzâh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - for possession" }, "variants": { "*ʿălēh*": "go up/ascend/climb", "*har*": "mountain/hill/range", "*pĕnê*": "face/front/opposite", "*rĕʾēh*": "see/look at/observe", "*nōtēn*": "giving/granting/bestowing", "*laʾăḥuzzâh*": "for possession/for property/for inheritance" } }
• Josh 3:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Joshua.3.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ אֶל־הַכֹּהֲנִ֣ים לֵאמֹ֔ר שְׂאוּ֙ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן הַבְּרִ֔ית וְעִבְר֖וּ לִפְנֵ֣י הָעָ֑ם וַיִּשְׂאוּ֙ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן הַבְּרִ֔ית וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ לִפְנֵ֥י הָעָֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *yəhôšuaʿ* unto-*ha-kōhănîm* *lēmōr* *śəʾû* *ʾet*-*ʾărôn* *ha-bərît* *wə-ʿibrû* before-*hā-ʿām* *wə-yiśśəʾû* *ʾet*-*ʾărôn* *ha-bərît* *wə-yēlkû* before-*hā-ʿām*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua", "*ha-kōhănîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the priests", "*lēmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to say", "*śəʾû*": "qal imperative 2mp - take up/lift", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ark of", "*ha-bərît*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the covenant", "*wə-ʿibrû*": "waw conjunction + qal imperative 2mp - and cross over/pass", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*wə-yiśśəʾû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they took up", "*wə-yēlkû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they went" }, "variants": { "*śəʾû*": "to lift, to carry, to take up", "*ʿibrû*": "to cross over, to pass over, to go through" } } 7 { "verseID": "Joshua.3.7", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֗ה אָחֵל֙ גַּדֶּלְךָ֔ בְּעֵינֵ֖י כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֲשֶׁר֙ יֵֽדְע֔וּן כִּ֗י כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הָיִ֛יתִי עִם־מֹשֶׁ֖ה אֶהְיֶ֥ה עִמָּֽךְ׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *YHWH* unto-*yəhôšuaʿ* *ha-yôm* *ha-zeh* *ʾāḥēl* *gaddelkā* in-*ʿênê* all-*yiśrāʾēl* *ʾăšer* *yēdəʿûn* that as-*ʾăšer* *hāyîtî* with-*mōšeh* *ʾehyeh* with-you", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*ʾāḥēl*": "hiphil imperfect 1cs - I will begin", "*gaddelkā*": "piel infinitive construct + 2ms suffix - to make you great", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who, that", "*yēdəʿûn*": "qal imperfect 3mp (paragogic nun) - they will know", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - as", "*hāyîtî*": "qal perfect 1cs - I was", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses", "*ʾehyeh*": "qal imperfect 1cs - I will be" }, "variants": { "*ʾāḥēl*": "to begin, to start, to commence", "*gaddelkā*": "to make you great, to magnify you", "*ʿênê*": "eyes, sight, presence", "*yēdəʿûn*": "to know, to recognize, to acknowledge" } }
• Josh 3:11-17 : 11 { "verseID": "Joshua.3.11", "source": "הִנֵּה֙ אֲר֣וֹן הַבְּרִ֔ית אֲד֖וֹן כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ עֹבֵ֥ר לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם בַּיַּרְדֵּֽן׃", "text": "*hinnēh* *ʾărôn* *ha-bərît* *ʾădôn* all-*hā-ʾāreṣ* *ʿōbēr* before-you in-*ha-yardēn*", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold", "*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ark of", "*ha-bərît*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the covenant", "*ʾădôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - Lord of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land", "*ʿōbēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - crossing over", "*ha-yardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh*": "behold, look, see", "*ʾădôn*": "lord, master, owner", "*ʿōbēr*": "passing over, crossing, going through" } } 12 { "verseID": "Joshua.3.12", "source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה קְח֤וּ לָכֶם֙ שְׁנֵ֣י עָשָׂ֣ר אִ֔ישׁ מִשִּׁבְטֵ֖י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אִישׁ־אֶחָ֥ד אִישׁ־אֶחָ֖ד לַשָּֽׁבֶט׃", "text": "and-now *qəḥû* to-you *šənê* *ʿāśār* *ʾîš* from-*šibṭê* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʾîš*-*ʾeḥād* *ʾîš*-*ʾeḥād* for-*ha-šābeṭ*", "grammar": { "*qəḥû*": "qal imperative 2mp - take", "*šənê*": "numeral, masculine dual construct - two of", "*ʿāśār*": "numeral - ten", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*šibṭê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tribes of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral, masculine singular - one", "*ha-šābeṭ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the tribe" }, "variants": { "*šənê* *ʿāśār*": "twelve", "*ʾîš*-*ʾeḥād* *ʾîš*-*ʾeḥād*": "one man, one man (distributive repetition)" } } 13 { "verseID": "Joshua.3.13", "source": "וְהָיָ֡ה כְּנ֣וֹחַ כַּפּ֣וֹת רַגְלֵ֣י הַכֹּהֲנִ֡ים נֹשְׂאֵי֩ אֲר֨וֹן יְהוָ֜ה אֲד֤וֹן כָּל־הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ בְּמֵ֣י הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן מֵ֤י הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ יִכָּ֣רֵת֔וּן הַמַּ֥יִם הַיֹּרְדִ֖ים מִלְמָ֑עְלָה וְיַעַמְד֖וּ נֵ֥ד אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "and-*hāyāh* when-*nôaḥ* *kappôt* *raglê* *ha-kōhănîm* *nōśəʾê* *ʾărôn* *YHWH* *ʾădôn* all-*hā-ʾāreṣ* in-*mê* *ha-yardēn* *mê* *ha-yardēn* *yikkārētûn* *ha-mayim* *ha-yōrədîm* from-*ləmāʿlāh* and-*yaʿamdû* *nēd* *ʾeḥād*", "grammar": { "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect 3ms - it will be", "*nôaḥ*": "qal infinitive construct - resting of", "*kappôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - soles of", "*raglê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - feet of", "*ha-kōhănîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the priests", "*nōśəʾê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - bearers of", "*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ark of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ʾădôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - Lord of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land", "*mê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - waters of", "*ha-yardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan", "*yikkārētûn*": "niphal imperfect 3mp (paragogic nun) - they will be cut off", "*ha-mayim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the waters", "*ha-yōrədîm*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine plural - the ones descending", "*ləmāʿlāh*": "preposition + adverb - from above", "*yaʿamdû*": "qal imperfect 3mp - they will stand", "*nēd*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heap of", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral, masculine singular - one" }, "variants": { "*kappôt* *raglê*": "soles of feet", "*nôaḥ*": "rest, settle, touch down", "*yikkārētûn*": "will be cut off, will be stopped", "*ha-yōrədîm*": "the ones descending, flowing down", "*nēd*": "heap, pile, mound (of water)" } } 14 { "verseID": "Joshua.3.14", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י בִּנְסֹ֤עַ הָעָם֙ מֵאָ֣הֳלֵיהֶ֔ם לַעֲבֹ֖ר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וְהַכֹּהֲנִ֗ים נֹֽשְׂאֵ֛י הָאָר֥וֹן הַבְּרִ֖ית לִפְנֵ֥י הָעָֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* when-*nəsōaʿ* *hā-ʿām* from-*ʾohŏlêhem* to-*ʿăbōr* *ʾet*-*ha-yardēn* and-*ha-kōhănîm* *nōśəʾê* *hā-ʾārôn* *ha-bərît* before-*hā-ʿām*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and it happened", "*nəsōaʿ*": "qal infinitive construct - setting out of", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*ʾohŏlêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3mp suffix - their tents", "*ʿăbōr*": "qal infinitive construct - to cross over", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-yardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan", "*ha-kōhănîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the priests", "*nōśəʾê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - bearers of", "*hā-ʾārôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the ark", "*ha-bərît*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the covenant", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people" }, "variants": { "*nəsōaʿ*": "setting out, moving, journeying", "*ʿăbōr*": "to cross over, to pass through" } } 15 { "verseID": "Joshua.3.15", "source": "וּכְב֞וֹא נֹשְׂאֵ֤י הָֽאָרוֹן֙ עַד־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וְרַגְלֵ֤י הַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ נֹשְׂאֵ֣י הָֽאָר֔וֹן נִטְבְּל֖וּ בִּקְצֵ֣ה הַמָּ֑יִם וְהַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן מָלֵא֙ עַל־כָּל־גְּדוֹתָ֔יו כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֥י קָצִֽיר׃", "text": "and-as-*bôʾ* *nōśəʾê* *hā-ʾārôn* unto-*ha-yardēn* and-*raglê* *ha-kōhănîm* *nōśəʾê* *hā-ʾārôn* *niṭbəlû* in-*qəṣēh* *ha-māyim* and-*ha-yardēn* *mālēʾ* over-all-*gədôtāyw* all *yəmê* *qāṣîr*", "grammar": { "*bôʾ*": "qal infinitive construct - coming of", "*nōśəʾê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - bearers of", "*hā-ʾārôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the ark", "*ha-yardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan", "*raglê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - feet of", "*ha-kōhănîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the priests", "*niṭbəlû*": "niphal perfect 3cp - they were dipped", "*qəṣēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - edge of", "*ha-māyim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the waters", "*mālēʾ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - full", "*gədôtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural + 3ms suffix - its banks", "*yəmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*qāṣîr*": "noun, masculine singular - harvest" }, "variants": { "*niṭbəlû*": "were dipped, were immersed", "*qəṣēh*": "edge, brink, extremity", "*mālēʾ*": "full, filled, overflowing", "*gədôtāyw*": "its banks, its edges", "*qāṣîr*": "harvest, harvest time" } } 16 { "verseID": "Joshua.3.16", "source": "וַיַּעַמְד֡וּ הַמַּיִם֩ הַיֹּרְדִ֨ים מִלְמַ֜עְלָה קָ֣מוּ נֵד־אֶחָ֗ד הַרְחֵ֨ק מְאֹ֜ד *באדם **מֵֽאָדָ֤ם הָעִיר֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ מִצַּ֣ד צָֽרְתָ֔ן וְהַיֹּרְדִ֗ים עַ֣ל יָ֧ם הָעֲרָבָ֛ה יָם־הַמֶּ֖לַח תַּ֣מּוּ נִכְרָ֑תוּ וְהָעָ֥ם עָבְר֖וּ נֶ֥גֶד יְרִיחֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-yaʿamdû* *ha-mayim* *ha-yōrədîm* from-*ləmaʿlāh* *qāmû* *nēd*-*ʾeḥād* *harḥēq* very from-*ʾādām* *hā-ʿîr* *ʾăšer* from-side-of *ṣārətān* and-*ha-yōrədîm* upon *yām* *hā-ʿărābāh* *yām*-*ha-melaḥ* *tammû* *nikrātû* and-*hā-ʿām* *ʿābrû* opposite *yərîḥô*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿamdû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they stood", "*ha-mayim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the waters", "*ha-yōrədîm*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine plural - the ones descending", "*ləmaʿlāh*": "preposition + adverb - from above", "*qāmû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they rose up", "*nēd*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heap of", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral, masculine singular - one", "*harḥēq*": "hiphil infinitive absolute - far away", "*ʾādām*": "proper noun - Adam (place name)", "*hā-ʿîr*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the city", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*ṣārətān*": "proper noun - Zarethan (place name)", "*ha-yōrədîm*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine plural - the ones descending", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sea of", "*hā-ʿărābāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the Arabah", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sea of", "*ha-melaḥ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the salt", "*tammû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they were finished", "*nikrātû*": "niphal perfect 3cp - they were cut off", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*ʿābrû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they crossed over", "*yərîḥô*": "proper noun - Jericho" }, "variants": { "*yaʿamdû*": "stood, stopped, stood still", "*qāmû*": "rose up, stood up", "*nēd*-*ʾeḥād*": "one heap, a single pile", "*harḥēq* very": "very far away, at a great distance", "*yām* *hā-ʿărābāh*": "Sea of the Arabah, Dead Sea", "*yām*-*ha-melaḥ*": "Salt Sea, Dead Sea", "*tammû* *nikrātû*": "were completely cut off" } } 17 { "verseID": "Joshua.3.17", "source": "וַיַּעַמְד֣וּ הַכֹּהֲנִ֡ים נֹ֠שְׂאֵי הָאָר֨וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֜ה בֶּחֽ͏ָרָבָ֛ה בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן הָכֵ֑ן וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל עֹֽבְרִים֙ בֶּחָ֣רָבָ֔ה עַ֤ד אֲשֶׁר־תַּ֙מּוּ֙ כָּל־הַגּ֔וֹי לַעֲבֹ֖ר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּֽן׃", "text": "*wə-yaʿamdû* *ha-kōhănîm* *nōśəʾê* *hā-ʾārôn* *bərît*-*YHWH* in-*ha-ḥārābāh* in-*tôk* *ha-yardēn* *hākēn* and-all-*yiśrāʾēl* *ʿōbərîm* in-*he-ḥārābāh* until *ʾăšer*-*tammû* all-*ha-gôy* to-*ʿăbōr* *ʾet*-*ha-yardēn*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿamdû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they stood", "*ha-kōhănîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the priests", "*nōśəʾê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - bearers of", "*hā-ʾārôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the ark", "*bərît*": "noun, feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ha-ḥārābāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the dry ground", "*tôk*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*ha-yardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan", "*hākēn*": "adverb - firmly", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿōbərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - crossing over", "*he-ḥārābāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the dry ground", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*tammû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they finished", "*ha-gôy*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the nation", "*ʿăbōr*": "qal infinitive construct - to cross over", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-yardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan" }, "variants": { "*yaʿamdû*": "stood, remained, stood firm", "*hākēn*": "firmly, steadfastly, prepared", "*tôk*": "midst, middle, center", "*ḥārābāh*": "dry ground, dry land", "*ʿōbərîm*": "crossing over, passing through", "*tammû*": "completed, finished, ended" } }