Verse 1

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.23.1", "source": "מַשָּׂ֖א צֹ֑ר הֵילִ֣ילוּ ׀ אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֗ישׁ כִּֽי־שֻׁדַּ֤ד מִבַּ֙יִת֙ מִבּ֔וֹא מֵאֶ֥רֶץ כִּתִּ֖ים נִגְלָה־לָֽמוֹ׃", "text": "*Maśśā* *Ṣōr* *hêlîlû* *ʾŏnîyôt* *Taršîš* *kî*-*šuddad* *mibbayit* *mibbôʾ* from-*ʾereṣ* *Kittîm* *niglāh*-to-them", "grammar": { "*Maśśā*": "construct, masculine singular - burden/oracle against", "*Ṣōr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*hêlîlû*": "imperative, masculine plural - wail/howl", "*ʾŏnîyôt*": "noun, feminine plural - ships", "*Taršîš*": "proper noun - Tarshish", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*šuddad*": "pual perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it is devastated/destroyed", "*mibbayit*": "preposition + noun - from house/home", "*mibbôʾ*": "preposition + infinitive construct - from entering/coming", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Kittîm*": "proper noun - Kittim/Cyprus/Mediterranean islands", "*niglāh*-*lāmô*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - it is revealed to them" }, "variants": { "*Maśśā*": "burden/oracle/pronouncement/prophecy", "*šuddad*": "destroyed/devastated/laid waste", "*mibbayit*": "from house/without a house/from port", "*mibbôʾ*": "from entering/from harbor/from haven", "*Kittîm*": "Cyprus/Mediterranean coast/Greek islands", "*niglāh*-*lāmô*": "it is revealed/disclosed/made known to them" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Profetien mot Tyrus. Gråt, dere skip fra Tarshish, for byen er blitt rystet; alle bygninger og havner er blitt borte. Denne nyheten har nådd Kittim.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Byrden over Tyrus. Hyl, Tarshish-skip, for byen er lagt i ruiner! Det er ikke lenger noen hus, ingen inngang. Fra landet Kittim er det blitt åpenbart for dem.

• Norsk King James

  Tyres byrde. Klag, dere skip fra Tarsis; for Tyre er blitt ødelagt, så det ikke finnes noe hus, ingen tilgang: fra landet Chittim blir det åpenbart for dem.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  En profeti om Tyrus: Klager, dere skip fra Tarsis! For byen er ødelagt, og det er ikke lenger noe hus, ingen kan komme inn der. Fra Kittims land blir dette avslørt for dem.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Klag høyt, Tarsis-skip! For byen er ødelagt, hjemmet er borte. Fra landene ved Kittim har de kunngjort det for dem.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Synet om Tyrus. Hyl, dere skip fra Tarsis, for byen er ødelagt, det finnes ikke et hus, ingen inngang: fra landet Kittim er det blitt åpenbart for dem.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Byrden over Tyrus. Hyl, dere skip fra Tarshish; for byen er lagt øde, slik at det ikke er noe hus, ingen inngang, og den blir åpenbart fra landet til Chittim.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Synet om Tyrus. Hyl, dere skip fra Tarsis, for byen er ødelagt, det finnes ikke et hus, ingen inngang: fra landet Kittim er det blitt åpenbart for dem.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Dette er et budskap om Tyrus. Hyl, dere skip fra Tarsis! For den er ødelagt, så ingen hus eller havn er igjen. Fra landet Kittim er det blitt åpenbart.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  This is a message concerning Tyre: Wail, you ships of Tarshish, for your harbor has been destroyed. The news has reached them from the land of Cyprus.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Klagerop fra skipene fra Tarsis, for Tyros er ødelagt; det er ingen hus tilbake, intet hjem. Fra landet Kittim er dette blitt åpenbart for dem.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  En Byrde over Tyrus: Hyler, I Tharsis-Skibe! thi den er ødelagt, (saa der er) ikke et Huus, (og) Ingen kommer derind; fra Kithims Land aabenbares dette for dem.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  The burden of Tyre. Howl, ye ships of Tarshish; for it is laid waste, so that there is no house, no entering in: from the land of Chittim it is revealed to them.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Byrden om Tyrus. Hyl, dere skip fra Tarsis; for det er ødelagt, det finnes verken hus eller inngang: fra Kittim-landet blir det åpenbart for dem.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  The burden concerning Tyre. Wail, you ships of Tarshish; for it is destroyed, so there is no house, no entrance: from the land of Chittim it is revealed to them.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  The burden of Tyre. Howl, ye ships of Tarshish; for it is laid waste, so that there is no house, no entering in: from the land of Chittim it is revealed to them.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Åpenbaringen om Tyrus. Jammer, dere skip fra Tarsis! For det er ødelagt, så det er ingen hus, ingen inngang: fra Kittims land er det blitt gjort kjent for dem.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Byrden over Tyrus. Skrik, dere skip fra Tarsis, for det er ødelagt, uten hus, uten innløp. Fra Kittims land ble det åpenbart for dem.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Tyros' byrde. Klag, dere skip fra Tarsis; for byen er ødelagt, det finnes ikke lenger noe hus, ingen adgang: fra Kittim-landet er det åpenbart for dem.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Budskapet om Tyros. La et rop av sorg lyde, Tarshish skip, fordi din sterke festning er lagt øde; på veien tilbake fra Kittims land blir nyheten gitt til dem.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  An heuy burthen vpon Tirus. Mourne ye shippes of Tharsis, for she is throwne downe to the grounde, and conquered of them, that are come from Cithim.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  The burden of Tyrus. Howle, yee shippes of Tarshish: for it is destroied, so that there is none house: none shall come from the lande of Chittim: it is reueiled vnto them.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  The burthen of Tyre. Mourne ye shippes of Tharsis, for there commeth such destruction, that ye shall not haue an house to enter into: and that there shalbe no traffike out of the lande of Cittim, they haue knowledge of this plague.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ The burden of Tyre. Howl, ye ships of Tarshish; for it is laid waste, so that there is no house, no entering in: from the land of Chittim it is revealed to them.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The burden of Tyre. Howl, you ships of Tarshish; for it is laid waste, so that there is no house, no entering in: from the land of Kittim it is revealed to them.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  The Burden of Tyre. Howl, ye ships of Tarshish, For it hath been destroyed, Without house, without entrance, From the land of Chittim it was revealed to them.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  The burden of Tyre. Howl, ye ships of Tarshish; for it is laid waste, so that there is no house, no entering in: from the land of Kittim it is revealed to them.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  The word about Tyre. Let a cry of sorrow go up, O ships of Tarshish, because your strong place is made waste; on the way back from the land of Kittim the news is given to them.

• World English Bible (2000)

  The burden of Tyre. Howl, you ships of Tarshish! For it is laid waste, so that there is no house, no entering in. From the land of Kittim it is revealed to them.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The Lord Will Judge Tyre This is an oracle about Tyre: Wail, you large ships, for the port is too devastated to enter! From the land of Cyprus this news is announced to them.

Referenced Verses

• Joel 3:4-8 : 4 { "verseID": "Joel.3.4", "source": "וְ֠גַם מָה־אַתֶּ֥ם לִי֙ צֹ֣ר וְצִיד֔וֹן וְכֹ֖ל גְּלִיל֣וֹת פְּלָ֑שֶׁת הַגְּמ֗וּל אַתֶּם֙ מְשַׁלְּמִ֣ים עָלָ֔י וְאִם־גֹּמְלִ֤ים אַתֶּם֙ עָלַ֔י קַ֣ל מְהֵרָ֔ה אָשִׁ֥יב גְּמֻלְכֶ֖ם בְּרֹאשְׁכֶֽם", "text": "And-*gam* what-you to-me *ṣōr* and-*ṣîḏôn* and-all *gəlîlôṯ* *pəlāšeṯ* the-*gəmûl* you *məšalləmîm* upon-me and-if-*gōməlîm* you upon-me *qal* *məhērāh* *ʾāšîḇ* *gəmulḵem* upon-*rōʾšḵem*", "grammar": { "*wəḡam*": "conjunction + adverb - and also/moreover", "*māh-ʾattem*": "interrogative + 2nd person masculine plural pronoun - what are you", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*ṣōr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*wəṣîḏôn*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Sidon", "*wəḵōl*": "conjunction + noun construct - and all", "*gəlîlôṯ*": "feminine plural construct - regions/districts of", "*pəlāšeṯ*": "proper noun - Philistia", "*hagəmûl*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the recompense", "*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you", "*məšalləmîm*": "piel participle masculine plural - repaying/rendering", "*ʿālāy*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - upon/against me", "*wəʾim-gōməlîm*": "conjunction + conditional particle + qal participle masculine plural - and if dealing/repaying", "*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you", "*ʿālay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - upon/against me", "*qal*": "adjective - swift", "*məhērāh*": "adverb - quickly/speedily", "*ʾāšîḇ*": "hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will return", "*gəmulḵem*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your recompense", "*bərōʾšḵem*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - upon your head" }, "variants": { "*gam*": "also/moreover/even", "*gəlîlôṯ*": "regions/districts/territories", "*gəmûl*": "recompense/dealing/retribution", "*məšalləmîm*": "repaying/rendering/returning", "*gōməlîm*": "dealing/repaying/retributing", "*qal məhērāh*": "swift(ly) quickly/very soon", "*ʾāšîḇ*": "return/bring back/repay", "*bərōʾšḵem*": "upon your head/on yourselves" } } 5 { "verseID": "Joel.3.5", "source": "אֲשֶׁר־כַּסְפִּ֥י וּזְהָבִ֖י לְקַחְתֶּ֑ם וּמַֽחֲמַדַּי֙ הַטֹּבִ֔ים הֲבֵאתֶ֖ם לְהֵיכְלֵיכֶֽם", "text": "Which-*kaspî* and-*zəhāḇî* *ləqaḥtem* and-*maḥămadday* the-*ṭôḇîm* *hăḇēʾṯem* to-*hêḵəlêḵem*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*kaspî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my silver", "*ûzəhāḇî*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - and my gold", "*ləqaḥtem*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you took", "*ûmaḥămadday*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - and my precious things", "*haṭṭôḇîm*": "definite article + adjective masculine plural - the good/fine", "*hăḇēʾṯem*": "hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you brought", "*ləhêḵəlêḵem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to your temples/palaces" }, "variants": { "*kesep*": "silver/money", "*zāhāḇ*": "gold", "*ləqaḥtem*": "took/carried away", "*maḥămaddîm*": "precious things/desirable objects/treasures", "*ṭôḇîm*": "good/fine/pleasant", "*hêḵāl*": "temple/palace/sanctuary" } } 6 { "verseID": "Joel.3.6", "source": "וּבְנֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ וּבְנֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם מְכַרְתֶּ֖ם לִבְנֵ֣י הַיְּוָנִ֑ים לְמַ֥עַן הַרְחִיקָ֖ם מֵעַ֥ל גְּבוּלָֽם", "text": "And-*bənê* *yəhûḏāh* and-*bənê* *yərûšālaim* *məḵartem* to-*bənê* the-*yəwānîm* in-order *harḥîqām* from-*ʿal* *gəḇûlām*", "grammar": { "*ûḇənê*": "conjunction + masculine plural construct - and the sons/children of", "*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ûḇənê*": "conjunction + masculine plural construct - and the sons/children of", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*məḵartem*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you sold", "*liḇnê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - to the sons/children of", "*hayəwānîm*": "definite article + proper noun, masculine plural - the Greeks/Ionians", "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that/so that", "*harḥîqām*": "hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to remove them far", "*mēʿal*": "preposition + preposition - from upon", "*gəḇûlām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their border/territory" }, "variants": { "*bənê*": "sons/children/descendants", "*məḵartem*": "sold/traded", "*yəwānîm*": "Greeks/Ionians/Javan's descendants", "*harḥîqām*": "remove far/distance/separate", "*gəḇûl*": "border/territory/boundary" } } 7 { "verseID": "Joel.3.7", "source": "הִנְנִ֣י מְעִירָ֔ם מִן־הַ֨מָּק֔וֹם אֲשֶׁר־מְכַרְתֶּ֥ם אֹתָ֖ם שָׁ֑מָּה וַהֲשִׁבֹתִ֥י גְמֻלְכֶ֖ם בְּרֹאשְׁכֶֽם", "text": "*Hinənî* *məʿîrām* from-the-*māqôm* which-*məḵartem* them *šāmmāh* and-*hăšiḇōṯî* *gəmulḵem* on-*rōʾšḵem*", "grammar": { "*hinənî*": "interjection + 1st person singular suffix - behold me/here I am", "*məʿîrām*": "hiphil participle masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - arousing/stirring them", "*min-hammāqôm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - from the place", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*məḵartem*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you sold", "*ʾōṯām*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*šāmmāh*": "adverb + directional he - there/thither", "*wahăšiḇōṯî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will return", "*gəmulḵem*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your recompense", "*bərōʾšḵem*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - on your head" }, "variants": { "*hinənî*": "behold me/here I am/look, I", "*məʿîrām*": "arousing/stirring/awakening them", "*māqôm*": "place/location", "*məḵartem*": "sold/traded", "*hăšiḇōṯî*": "return/bring back/repay", "*gəmul*": "recompense/dealing/retribution", "*bərōʾšḵem*": "on your head/on yourselves" } } 8 { "verseID": "Joel.3.8", "source": "וּמָכַרְתִּ֞י אֶת־בְּנֵיכֶ֣ם וְאֶת־בְּנֽוֹתֵיכֶ֗ם בְּיַד֙ בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וּמְכָר֥וּם לִשְׁבָאיִ֖ם אֶל־גּ֣וֹי רָח֑וֹק כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה דִּבֵּֽר", "text": "And-*māḵartî* *ʾeṯ*-*bənêḵem* and-*ʾeṯ*-*bənôṯêḵem* in-*yaḏ* *bənê* *yəhûḏāh* and-*məḵārûm* to-*šəḇāʾîm* to-*gôy* *rāḥôq* for *YHWH* *dibbēr*", "grammar": { "*ûmāḵartî*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will sell", "*ʾeṯ-bənêḵem*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sons", "*wəʾeṯ-bənôṯêḵem*": "conjunction + direct object marker + feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and your daughters", "*bəyaḏ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - into the hand of", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ûməḵārûm*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd person plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and they will sell them", "*lišəḇāʾîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - to the Sabeans", "*ʾel-gôy*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - to a nation", "*rāḥôq*": "adjective masculine singular - distant/far", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*dibbēr*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - has spoken" }, "variants": { "*māḵartî*": "sell/trade", "*bənêḵem*": "your sons/your children", "*bənôṯêḵem*": "your daughters", "*yaḏ*": "hand/power/control", "*məḵārûm*": "sell them/trade them", "*šəḇāʾîm*": "Sabeans/people of Sheba", "*gôy*": "nation/people", "*rāḥôq*": "distant/far/remote", "*dibbēr*": "spoken/declared/said" } }
• Amos 1:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Amos.1.9", "source": "כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה עַל־שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ פִּשְׁעֵי־צֹ֔ר וְעַל־אַרְבָּעָ֖ה לֹ֣א אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ עַֽל־הַסְגִּירָ֞ם גָּל֤וּת שְׁלֵמָה֙ לֶאֱד֔וֹם וְלֹ֥א זָכְר֖וּ בְּרִ֥ית אַחִֽים׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* for-*šəlōšāh* *pišʿê*-*ṣōr* and-for-*ʾarbāʿāh* not *ʾăšîbenû* for-*hasgîrām* *gālût* *šəlēmāh* to-*ʾĕdôm* and-not *zākrû* *bərît* *ʾaḥîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/has said", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/Yahweh", "*šəlōšāh*": "cardinal number, masculine - three", "*pišʿê*": "construct state, masculine plural - transgressions of", "*ṣōr*": "proper name - Tyre", "*ʾarbāʿāh*": "cardinal number, masculine - four", "*ʾăšîbenû*": "imperfect, 1st singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - I will restore/turn back it", "*hasgîrām*": "infinitive construct, hiphil with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their delivering", "*gālût*": "feminine singular construct - exile/captivity", "*šəlēmāh*": "feminine singular adjective - complete/entire", "*ʾĕdôm*": "proper name - Edom", "*zākrû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they remembered", "*bərît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*ʾaḥîm*": "masculine plural noun - brothers" }, "variants": { "*pišʿê*": "transgressions/rebellions/crimes", "*ʾăšîbenû*": "I will not revoke/turn back/restore the punishment", "*hasgîrām*": "their delivering up/handing over/surrendering", "*gālût* *šəlēmāh*": "entire population/whole community/complete exile", "*bərît* *ʾaḥîm*": "covenant of brothers/brotherly covenant/treaty of brotherhood" } } 10 { "verseID": "Amos.1.10", "source": "וְשִׁלַּ֥חְתִּי אֵ֖שׁ בְּח֣וֹמַת צֹ֑ר וְאָכְלָ֖ה אַרְמְנֹתֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And-*šillaḥtî* *ʾēš* in-*ḥômat* *ṣōr* and-*ʾāklāh* *ʾarmənôtêhā*", "grammar": { "*šillaḥtî*": "perfect, 1st singular with waw consecutive - and I will send", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - fire", "*ḥômat*": "construct state, feminine singular - wall of", "*ṣōr*": "proper name - Tyre", "*ʾāklāh*": "perfect, 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - and it will consume", "*ʾarmənôtêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her palaces" }, "variants": { "*ʾēš*": "fire/judgment", "*ḥômat*": "wall/fortification", "*ʾāklāh*": "it will consume/devour", "*ʾarmənôtêhā*": "her palaces/fortresses/citadels" } }
• Gen 10:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Genesis.10.4", "source": "וּבְנֵ֥י יָוָ֖ן אֱלִישָׁ֣ה וְתַרְשִׁ֑ישׁ כִּתִּ֖ים וְדֹדָנִֽים׃", "text": "And *bənê Yāwān ʾĔlîšāh wətaršîš Kittîm wəDōdānîm*", "grammar": { "*û-bənê*": "conjunction wə- + masculine plural noun, construct state - and sons of", "*Yāwān*": "proper noun - Javan", "*ʾĔlîšāh*": "proper noun - Elishah", "*wə-taršîš*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun - and Tarshish", "*Kittîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Kittim", "*wə-Dōdānîm*": "conjunction wə- + proper noun, masculine plural - and Dodanim" }, "variants": { "*bənê*": "sons/descendants" } }
• Isa 2:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Isaiah.2.16", "source": "וְעַ֖ל כָּל־אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֑ישׁ וְעַ֖ל כָּל־שְׂכִיּ֥וֹת הַחֶמְדָּֽה׃", "text": "And-against all-*ʾŏniyyôt* *Taršîš*, and-against all-*śəkiyyôt* the-*ḥemdâ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and against/upon", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of/every", "*ʾŏniyyôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - ships of", "*Taršîš*": "proper noun - Tarshish", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and against/upon", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of/every", "*śəkiyyôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - ships/vessels/imagery of", "*ha-ḥemdâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the desire/delight" }, "variants": { "*ʾŏniyyôt Taršîš*": "ships of Tarshish/large seafaring vessels", "*śəkiyyôt ha-ḥemdâ*": "pleasant/beautiful imagery/valuable vessels/luxury ships" } }
• Jer 25:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.22", "source": "וְאֵת֙ כָּל־מַלְכֵי־צֹ֔ר וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־מַלְכֵ֣י צִיד֑וֹן וְאֵת֙ מַלְכֵ֣י הָאִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּעֵ֥בֶר הַיָּֽם׃", "text": "And *ʾēt* all-kings-of-*Ṣōr* and *ʾēt* all-kings of *Ṣîdôn* and *ʾēt* kings of the *ʾî* which in *ʿēber* the *yām*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*Ṣōr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*Ṣîdôn*": "proper noun - Sidon", "*ʾî*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - coastland/island", "*ʿēber*": "masculine singular construct - region across/beyond", "*yām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - sea" }, "variants": { "*ʾî*": "coastland/island/shore", "*ʿēber*": "region across/beyond/side" } }
• Jer 47:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.47.4", "source": "עַל־הַיּ֗וֹם הַבָּא֙ לִשְׁד֣וֹד אֶת־כָּל־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים לְהַכְרִ֤ית לְצֹר֙ וּלְצִיד֔וֹן כֹּ֖ל שָׂרִ֣יד עֹזֵ֑ר כִּֽי־שֹׁדֵ֤ד יְהוָה֙ אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים שְׁאֵרִ֖ית אִ֥י כַפְתּֽוֹר׃", "text": "Upon-the-*yôm* the-*bā* to-*šəḏôḏ* *ʾēṯ*-all-*Pəlištîm* to-*haḵrîṯ* to-*Ṣōr* *û*-to-*Ṣîḏôn* all *śārîḏ* *ʿōzēr* *kî*-*šōḏēḏ* *YHWH* *ʾēṯ*-*Pəlištîm* *šəʾērîṯ* *ʾî* *Kap̄tôr*.", "grammar": { "*ʿal-ha-yôm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - upon the day", "*ha-bā*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine singular - the coming", "*li-šəḏôḏ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to destroy/plunder", "*ʾēṯ-kāl-Pəlištîm*": "direct object marker + masculine singular construct + proper noun - all Philistines", "*lə-haḵrîṯ*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to cut off", "*lə-Ṣōr*": "preposition + proper noun - to Tyre", "*û-lə-Ṣîḏôn*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and to Sidon", "*kōl*": "masculine singular construct - every/all", "*śārîḏ*": "masculine singular construct - survivor of", "*ʿōzēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - helper", "*kî-šōḏēḏ*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine singular - for is destroying", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾēṯ-Pəlištîm*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Philistines", "*šəʾērîṯ*": "feminine singular construct - remnant of", "*ʾî*": "masculine singular construct - island/coast of", "*Kap̄tôr*": "proper noun - Caphtor" }, "variants": { "*šəḏôḏ*": "destroy/plunder/devastate", "*haḵrîṯ*": "cut off/destroy/exterminate", "*śārîḏ ʿōzēr*": "surviving helper/remaining ally", "*šōḏēḏ*": "is destroying/is plundering", "*šəʾērîṯ ʾî Kap̄tôr*": "remnant of the island/coast of Caphtor", "*Kap̄tôr*": "Caphtor/Crete/Cyprus" } }
• Isa 23:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.23.12", "source": "וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לֹֽא־תוֹסִ֥יפִי ע֖וֹד לַעְל֑וֹז הַֽמְעֻשָּׁקָ֞ה בְּתוּלַ֣ת בַּת־צִיד֗וֹן כִּתִּים֙ ק֣וּמִי עֲבֹ֔רִי גַּם־שָׁ֖ם לֹא־יָנ֥וּחַֽ לָֽךְ׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* not-*tôsîpî* *ʿôd* *laʿlôz* *hamĕʿuššāqāh* *bĕtûlat* *bat*-*Ṣîdôn* *Kittîm* *qûmî* *ʿăbōrî* also-there not-*yānûaḥ* to-you", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*tôsîpî*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will continue", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/anymore", "*laʿlôz*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to exult/rejoice", "*hamĕʿuššāqāh*": "definite article + pual participle, feminine singular - the oppressed one", "*bĕtûlat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - virgin of", "*bat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of", "*Ṣîdôn*": "proper noun - Sidon", "*Kittîm*": "proper noun - Kittim/Cyprus", "*qûmî*": "qal imperative, feminine singular - arise", "*ʿăbōrî*": "qal imperative, feminine singular - cross over", "*yānûaḥ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he/it will give rest" }, "variants": { "*tôsîpî*": "you will continue/you will add/you will do again", "*laʿlôz*": "to exult/to rejoice/to be jubilant", "*hamĕʿuššāqāh*": "the oppressed one/the violated one/the ravished one", "*bĕtûlat* *bat*-*Ṣîdôn*": "virgin daughter of Sidon/virgin of Sidon's daughter", "*qûmî* *ʿăbōrî*": "arise, cross over/get up, pass over", "*yānûaḥ*": "will give rest/will grant peace/will provide rest" } }
• 1 Kgs 10:22 : 22 { "verseID": "1 Kings.10.22", "source": "כִּי֩ אֳנִ֨י תַרְשִׁ֤ישׁ לַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ בַּיָּ֔ם עִ֖ם אֳנִ֣י חִירָ֑ם אַחַת֩ לְשָׁלֹ֨שׁ שָׁנִ֜ים תָּב֣וֹא ׀ אֳנִ֣י תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁ נֹֽשְׂאֵת֙ זָהָ֣ב וָכֶ֔סֶף שֶׁנְהַבִּ֥ים וְקֹפִ֖ים וְתֻכִּיִּֽים׃", "text": "For *oni* *Tarshish* to the *melek* in the *yam* with *oni* *Ḥiram*; once in *shalosh* *shanim* *tavo* *oni* *Tarshish* *noseʾt* *zahav* and *kesef*, *shenhabbim* and *qofim* and *tukkiyyim*.", "grammar": { "*oni*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - ships of", "*Tarshish*": "proper noun - Tarshish", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular - king", "*yam*": "noun, masculine, singular - sea", "*Ḥiram*": "proper noun - Hiram", "*shalosh*": "number, feminine - three", "*shanim*": "noun, feminine plural - years", "*tavo*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it came", "*noseʾt*": "Qal participle, feminine singular - carrying", "*zahav*": "noun, masculine, singular - gold", "*kesef*": "noun, masculine, singular - silver", "*shenhabbim*": "noun, masculine plural - ivory/elephant tusks", "*qofim*": "noun, masculine plural - apes/monkeys", "*tukkiyyim*": "noun, masculine plural - peacocks/baboons" }, "variants": { "*oni*": "ships/fleet", "*noseʾt*": "carrying/bearing/bringing", "*shenhabbim*": "ivory/elephant tusks", "*qofim*": "apes/monkeys", "*tukkiyyim*": "peacocks/baboons/exotic birds" } }
• 1 Kgs 22:48 : 48 { "verseID": "1 Kings.22.48", "source": "וּמֶ֥לֶךְ אֵ֛ין בֶּאֱד֖וֹם נִצָּ֥ב מֶֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "And *melek* not in-*ʾĕdôm* *niṣṣāb* *melek*.", "grammar": { "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾĕdôm*": "proper noun with preposition *bĕ* - in Edom", "*niṣṣāb*": "Niphal participle, masculine singular - appointed/stationed/installed", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular absolute - king" }, "variants": { "*niṣṣāb*": "deputy/appointed one/installed one", "*melek*": "king/ruler/sovereign" } }
• Zech 9:2-4 : 2 { "verseID": "Zechariah.9.2", "source": "וְגַם־חֲמָ֖ת תִּגְבָּל־בָּ֑הּ צֹ֣ר וְצִיד֔וֹן כִּ֥י חָֽכְמָ֖ה מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "*wə*-also-*ḥămāṯ* *tiḡbāl*-in-it *ṣōr* *wə*-*ṣîḏôn* for *ḥāḵəmāh* very.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ḡam*": "adverb - also/too", "*ḥămāṯ*": "proper noun, place name - Hamath", "*tiḡbāl*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will border", "*bāh*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in/with it", "*ṣōr*": "proper noun, place name - Tyre", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ṣîḏôn*": "proper noun, place name - Sidon", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because/though", "*ḥāḵəmāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - was wise", "*məʾōḏ*": "adverb - very/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*tiḡbāl*": "will border/borders with/has its border with", "*ḥāḵəmāh*": "was wise/is wise/became wise", "*kî*": "for/because/though/although" } } 3 { "verseID": "Zechariah.9.3", "source": "וַתִּ֥בֶן צֹ֛ר מָצ֖וֹר לָ֑הּ וַתִּצְבָּר־כֶּ֙סֶף֙ כֶּֽעָפָ֔ר וְחָר֖וּץ כְּטִ֥יט חוּצֽוֹת׃", "text": "*wa*-*tiḇen* *ṣōr* *māṣôr* to-her *wa*-*tiṣbār*-*keseḇ* like-*ʿāp̄ār* *wə*-*ḥārûṣ* like-*ṭîṭ* *ḥûṣôṯ*.", "grammar": { "*wa*": "conjunction + consecutive - and", "*tiḇen*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - built", "*ṣōr*": "proper noun, place name - Tyre", "*māṣôr*": "noun, masculine, singular - stronghold/fortress", "*lāh*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - for herself", "*wa*": "conjunction + consecutive - and", "*tiṣbār*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - heaped up/amassed", "*keseḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular - silver/money", "*kə*": "preposition - like/as", "*ʿāp̄ār*": "noun, masculine, singular - dust/earth/dirt", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥārûṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - gold", "*kə*": "preposition - like/as", "*ṭîṭ*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - mud/mire of", "*ḥûṣôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - streets/outside places" }, "variants": { "*māṣôr*": "stronghold/fortress/siege work/bulwark", "*tiṣbār*": "heaped up/amassed/gathered/piled", "*ḥārûṣ*": "gold/fine gold/precious metal", "*ṭîṭ*": "mud/mire/clay" } } 4 { "verseID": "Zechariah.9.4", "source": "הִנֵּ֤ה אֲדֹנָי֙ יֽוֹרִשֶׁ֔נָּה וְהִכָּ֥ה בַיָּ֖ם חֵילָ֑הּ וְהִ֖יא בָּאֵ֥שׁ תֵּאָכֵֽל׃", "text": "*hinnēh* *ʾăḏōnāy* *yôrišennāh* *wə*-*hikkāh* in-the-*yām* *ḥêlāh* *wə*-she in-the-*ʾēš* *tēʾāḵēl*.", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 1st person singular suffix, divine title - Lord/my Lord", "*yôrišennāh*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - will dispossess her/drive her out", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hikkāh*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he struck/smote", "*ba*": "preposition + definite article - in the", "*yām*": "noun, masculine, singular - sea", "*ḥêlāh*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her strength/power/wealth/army", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hî*": "pronoun, 3rd person feminine singular - she", "*ba*": "preposition + definite article - in the", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine, singular - fire", "*tēʾāḵēl*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will be consumed/devoured" }, "variants": { "*yôrišennāh*": "will dispossess her/will drive her out/will take possession of her", "*ḥêlāh*": "her strength/her power/her wealth/her army/her rampart", "*tēʾāḵēl*": "will be consumed/will be devoured/will be destroyed" } }
• Jer 2:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.10", "source": "כִּ֣י עִבְר֞וּ אִיֵּ֤י כִתִּיִּים֙ וּרְא֔וּ וְקֵדָ֛ר שִׁלְח֥וּ וְהִֽתְבּוֹנְנ֖וּ מְאֹ֑ד וּרְא֕וּ הֵ֥ן הָיְתָ֖ה כָּזֹֽאת׃", "text": "*Kî* *ʿibrû* *ʾiyyê* *Kittiyyîm* *û-rəʾû* *wə-Qēdār* *šilḥû* *wə-hitbônənû* *məʾōd* *û-rəʾû* *hēn* *hāytāh* *kāzōʾt*", "grammar": { "*Kî*": "conjunction - for", "*ʿibrû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - cross over", "*ʾiyyê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - coastlands of", "*Kittiyyîm*": "proper noun - Kittim/Cyprus", "*û-rəʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine plural - and see", "*wə-Qēdār*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Kedar", "*šilḥû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - send", "*wə-hitbônənû*": "conjunction + hithpael imperative, masculine plural - and consider diligently", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*û-rəʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine plural - and see", "*hēn*": "interjection - behold/whether", "*hāytāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - has been", "*kāzōʾt*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - like this" }, "variants": { "*ʿibrû*": "cross over/pass through/travel to", "*ʾiyyê*": "coastlands/islands/coastal regions", "*šilḥû*": "send/dispatch", "*hitbônənû*": "consider diligently/observe carefully/pay close attention", "*məʾōd*": "very/exceedingly/greatly", "*hēn*": "behold/look/whether" } }
• Jer 25:10-11 : 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.10", "source": "וְהַאֲבַדְתִּ֣י מֵהֶ֗ם ק֤וֹל שָׂשׂוֹן֙ וְק֣וֹל שִׂמְחָ֔ה ק֥וֹל חָתָ֖ן וְק֣וֹל כַּלָּ֑ה ק֥וֹל רֵחַ֖יִם וְא֥וֹר נֵֽר׃", "text": "And *haʾăbadtî* from them *qôl* *śāśôn* and *qôl* *śimḥāh*, *qôl* *ḥātān* and *qôl* *kallāh*, *qôl* *rēḥayim* and *ʾôr* *nēr*.", "grammar": { "*haʾăbadtî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will destroy/eliminate", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - voice/sound", "*śāśôn*": "noun, masculine, singular - joy/gladness", "*śimḥāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - joy/gladness", "*ḥātān*": "noun, masculine, singular - bridegroom", "*kallāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - bride", "*rēḥayim*": "noun, feminine, dual - millstones", "*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - light", "*nēr*": "noun, masculine, singular - lamp" }, "variants": { "*haʾăbadtî*": "I will destroy/eliminate/cause to perish", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*śāśôn*": "joy/gladness/rejoicing", "*śimḥāh*": "joy/gladness/mirth", "*rēḥayim*": "millstones/grinding stones", "*ʾôr*": "light/illumination", "*nēr*": "lamp/light" } } 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.11", "source": "וְהָֽיְתָה֙ כָּל־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את לְחָרְבָּ֖ה לְשַׁמָּ֑ה וְעָ֨בְד֜וּ הַגּוֹיִ֥ם הָאֵ֛לֶּה אֶת־מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל שִׁבְעִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃", "text": "And *hāyĕtāh* all the *ʾāreṣ* the this for *ḥārbāh* for *šammāh*, and *ʿābĕdû* the *gôyîm* the these *ʾet* *melek* *Bābel* seventy *šānāh*.", "grammar": { "*hāyĕtāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - will become", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - land/earth", "*ḥārbāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - waste/desolation", "*šammāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - horror/appalment", "*ʿābĕdû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they will serve", "*gôyîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - nations", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - king", "*Bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*šānāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - year" }, "variants": { "*hāyĕtāh*": "will become/will be", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*ḥārbāh*": "waste/desolation/ruins", "*šammāh*": "horror/appalment/astonishment", "*ʿābĕdû*": "they will serve/work for/be enslaved to" } }
• Jer 25:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.15", "source": "כִּ֣י כֹה֩ אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֵלַ֔י קַ֠ח אֶת־כּ֨וֹס הַיַּ֧יִן הַחֵמָ֛ה הַזֹּ֖את מִיָּדִ֑י וְהִשְׁקִיתָ֤ה אֹתוֹ֙ אֶת־כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֧ר אָנֹכִ֛י שֹׁלֵ֥חַ אוֹתְךָ֖ אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "For thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiśrāʾēl* to me, *qaḥ* *ʾet*-cup of the *yayin* the *ḥēmâ* the this from my hand, and *hišqîtâ* it *ʾet*-all-the-*gôyīm* whom *ʾānōḵî* *šōlēaḥ* you to them.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*qaḥ*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - take", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yayin*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - wine", "*ḥēmâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - wrath/fury", "*hišqîtâ*": "Hiphil perfect, 2nd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and you shall cause to drink", "*gôyīm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - nations/peoples", "*ʾānōḵî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*šōlēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - sending" }, "variants": { "*ḥēmâ*": "wrath/fury/anger/rage", "*hišqîtâ*": "cause to drink/make drink/give drink", "*gôyīm*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*šōlēaḥ*": "sending/dispatching" } }
• Rev 18:17-19 : 17 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.17", "source": "Ὅτι μιᾷ ὥρᾳ ἠρημώθη ὁ τοσοῦτος πλοῦτος. Καὶ πᾶς κυβερνήτης, καὶ πᾶς ἐπὶ τῶν πλοίων ὁ ὅμιλος, καὶ ναῦται, καὶ ὅσοι τὴν θάλασσαν ἐργάζονται, ἀπὸ μακρόθεν ἔστησαν,", "text": "Because in one *hōra* *ērēmōthē* the such great *ploutos*. And every *kybernētēs*, and every *epi* the *ploiōn* the *homilos*, and *nautai*, and as many as the *thalassan* *ergazontai*, from *makrothen* *estēsan*,", "grammar": { "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*mia hōra*": "numeral + noun, dative, feminine, singular - one hour", "*ērēmōthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was laid waste/was made desolate", "*ho tosoutos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - such great/so great", "*ploutos*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - wealth/riches", "*pas*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - every/all", "*kybernētēs*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - ship captain/pilot", "*epi*": "preposition + genitive - on/upon", "*tōn ploiōn*": "noun, genitive, neuter, plural - ships", "*ho homilos*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - crowd/company", "*nautai*": "noun, nominative, masculine, plural - sailors", "*hosoi*": "correlative pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural - as many as", "*tēn thalassan*": "noun, accusative, feminine, singular - sea", "*ergazontai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd person plural - work/trade", "*apo*": "preposition + genitive - from", "*makrothen*": "adverb - from afar/from a distance", "*estēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - stood" }, "variants": { "*hōra*": "hour/time/moment", "*ērēmōthē*": "was laid waste/was made desolate/was devastated", "*ploutos*": "wealth/riches/affluence", "*kybernētēs*": "ship captain/pilot/helmsman", "*ploiōn*": "ships/vessels/boats", "*homilos*": "crowd/company/throng", "*nautai*": "sailors/seamen", "*thalassan*": "sea/ocean", "*ergazontai*": "work on/trade on/make their living from", "*makrothen*": "from afar/from a distance/far off", "*estēsan*": "stood/took their stand/positioned themselves" } } 18 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.18", "source": "Καὶ ἔκραζον βλέποντες τὸν καπνὸν τῆς πυρώσεως αὐτῆς, λέγοντες, Τίς ὁμοία τῇ πόλει τῇ μεγάλῃ!", "text": "And *ekrazon* *blepontes* the *kapnon* of the *pyrōseōs* of her, *legontes*, What city *homoia* to the *polei* to the *megalē*!", "grammar": { "*ekrazon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were crying out/were shouting", "*blepontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - seeing/watching", "*ton kapnon*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - smoke", "*tēs pyrōseōs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - burning", "*autēs*": "personal pronoun, genitive, feminine, singular - of her", "*legontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - saying", "*tis*": "interrogative pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular - what/which", "*homoia*": "adjective, nominative, feminine, singular - like/similar", "*tē polei*": "noun, dative, feminine, singular - city", "*tē megalē*": "adjective, dative, feminine, singular - great" }, "variants": { "*ekrazon*": "were crying out/were shouting/were exclaiming", "*blepontes*": "seeing/watching/observing", "*kapnon*": "smoke", "*pyrōseōs*": "burning/conflagration/fire", "*legontes*": "saying/speaking/declaring", "*homoia*": "like/similar/equal", "*polei*": "city/town", "*megalē*": "great/large/mighty" } } 19 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.19", "source": "Καὶ ἔβαλον χοῦν ἐπὶ τὰς κεφαλὰς αὐτῶν, καὶ ἔκραζον, κλαίοντες καὶ πενθοῦντες, λέγοντες, Οὐαὶ, οὐαί, ἡ πόλις ἡ μεγάλη, ἐν ᾗ ἐπλούτησαν πάντες οἱ ἔχοντες πλοῖα ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ ἐκ τῆς τιμιότητος αὐτῆς! ὅτι μιᾷ ὥρᾳ ἠρημώθη.", "text": "And *ebalon* *choun* upon the *kephalas* of them, and *ekrazon*, *klaiontes* and *penthountes*, *legontes*, *Ouai*, *ouai*, the *polis* the *megalē*, in which *eploutēsan* all the ones *echontes* *ploia* in the *thalassē* from the *timiotētos* of her! because in one *hōra* *ērēmōthē*.", "grammar": { "*ebalon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - threw/cast", "*choun*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - dust/soil", "*epi*": "preposition + accusative - upon/on", "*tas kephalas*": "noun, accusative, feminine, plural - heads", "*autōn*": "personal pronoun, genitive, masculine, plural - of them", "*ekrazon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were crying out/were shouting", "*klaiontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - weeping", "*penthountes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - mourning", "*legontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - saying", "*ouai*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*hē polis*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - city", "*hē megalē*": "adjective, nominative, feminine, singular - great", "*en hē*": "preposition + relative pronoun, dative, feminine, singular - in which", "*eploutēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - became rich", "*pantes*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - all", "*hoi echontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having/owning", "*ploia*": "noun, accusative, neuter, plural - ships", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*tē thalassē*": "noun, dative, feminine, singular - sea", "*ek*": "preposition + genitive - from", "*tēs timiotētos*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - costliness/preciousness", "*autēs*": "personal pronoun, genitive, feminine, singular - of her", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*mia hōra*": "numeral + noun, dative, feminine, singular - one hour", "*ērēmōthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was laid waste/was made desolate" }, "variants": { "*ebalon*": "threw/cast/put", "*choun*": "dust/soil/dirt", "*kephalas*": "heads", "*ekrazon*": "were crying out/were shouting/were exclaiming", "*klaiontes*": "weeping/crying/lamenting", "*penthountes*": "mourning/grieving/lamenting", "*legontes*": "saying/speaking/declaring", "*ouai*": "woe/alas (expression of grief/distress)", "*polis*": "city/town", "*megalē*": "great/large/mighty", "*eploutēsan*": "became rich/wealthy/affluent", "*echontes*": "having/owning/possessing", "*ploia*": "ships/vessels/boats", "*thalassē*": "sea/ocean", "*timiotētos*": "costliness/preciousness/wealth", "*hōra*": "hour/time/moment", "*ērēmōthē*": "was laid waste/was made desolate/was devastated" } }
• Rev 18:22-23 : 22 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.22", "source": "Καὶ φωνὴ κιθαρῳδῶν, καὶ μουσικῶν, καὶ αὐλητῶν, καὶ σαλπιστῶν, οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι· καὶ πᾶς τεχνίτης, πάσης τέχνης, οὐ μὴ εὑρεθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι· καὶ φωνὴ μύλου οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι·", "text": "And *phōnē* of *kitharōdōn*, and of *mousikōn*, and of *aulētōn*, and of *salpistōn*, *ou mē* *akousthē* in you *eti*; and every *technitēs* of every *technēs*, *ou mē* *heurethē* in you *eti*; and *phōnē* of *mylou* *ou mē* *akousthē* in you *eti*;", "grammar": { "*phōnē*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - sound/voice", "*kitharōdōn*": "noun, genitive, masculine, plural - harpists", "*mousikōn*": "noun/adjective, genitive, masculine, plural - musicians", "*aulētōn*": "noun, genitive, masculine, plural - flute players", "*salpistōn*": "noun, genitive, masculine, plural - trumpeters", "*ou mē*": "emphatic negation - by no means/certainly not", "*akousthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might be heard", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*soi*": "personal pronoun, dative, 2nd person singular - you", "*eti*": "adverb - anymore/any longer", "*pas*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - every/all", "*technitēs*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - craftsman/artisan", "*pasēs*": "adjective, genitive, feminine, singular - every/all", "*technēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - craft/art/trade", "*heurethē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might be found", "*mylou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - millstone/mill" }, "variants": { "*phōnē*": "sound/voice/noise", "*kitharōdōn*": "harpists/lyre players", "*mousikōn*": "musicians/musical performers", "*aulētōn*": "flute players/flautists", "*salpistōn*": "trumpeters/bugle players", "*akousthē*": "might be heard/will be heard", "*technitēs*": "craftsman/artisan/skilled worker", "*technēs*": "craft/art/trade/skill", "*heurethē*": "might be found/will be found", "*mylou*": "millstone/mill/grinding sound" } } 23 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.23", "source": "Καὶ φῶς λύχνου οὐ μὴ φάνῃ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι· καὶ φωνὴ νυμφίου καὶ νύμφης οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι: ὅτι οἱ ἔμποροί σου ἦσαν οἱ μεγιστᾶνες τῆς γῆς· ὅτι ἐν τῇ φαρμακείᾳ σου ἐπλανήθησαν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη.", "text": "And *phōs* of *lychnou* *ou mē* *phanē* in you *eti*; and *phōnē* of *nymphiou* and of *nymphēs* *ou mē* *akousthē* in you *eti*: because the *emporoi* of you *ēsan* the *megistanes* of the *gēs*; because in the *pharmakeia* of you *eplanēthēsan* all the *ethnē*.", "grammar": { "*phōs*": "noun, nominative, neuter, singular - light", "*lychnou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - lamp", "*ou mē*": "emphatic negation - by no means/certainly not", "*phanē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might shine/appear", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*soi*": "personal pronoun, dative, 2nd person singular - you", "*eti*": "adverb - anymore/any longer", "*phōnē*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - voice/sound", "*nymphiou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - bridegroom", "*nymphēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - bride", "*akousthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might be heard", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*hoi emporoi*": "noun, nominative, masculine, plural - merchants", "*sou*": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*ēsan*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were", "*hoi megistanes*": "adjective used as noun, nominative, masculine, plural - great ones/magnates", "*tēs gēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*en*": "preposition + dative - by", "*tē pharmakeia*": "noun, dative, feminine, singular - sorcery/magic arts", "*sou*": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person singular - of you", "*eplanēthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - were deceived/led astray", "*panta*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, plural - all", "*ta ethnē*": "noun, nominative, neuter, plural - nations/peoples" }, "variants": { "*phōs*": "light/brightness", "*lychnou*": "lamp/light", "*phanē*": "might shine/might appear/might be seen", "*phōnē*": "voice/sound/noise", "*nymphiou*": "bridegroom", "*nymphēs*": "bride", "*akousthē*": "might be heard/will be heard", "*emporoi*": "merchants/traders/businessmen", "*ēsan*": "were", "*megistanes*": "great ones/magnates/nobles/mighty men", "*gēs*": "earth/land/ground", "*pharmakeia*": "sorcery/magic arts/witchcraft/drug use", "*eplanēthēsan*": "were deceived/were led astray/were misled", "*ethnē*": "nations/peoples/gentiles" } }
• 2 Chr 9:21 : 21 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.9.21", "source": "כִּֽי־אֳנִיּ֤וֹת לַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ הֹלְכ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֔ישׁ עִ֖ם עַבְדֵ֣י חוּרָ֑ם אַחַת֩ לְשָׁל֨וֹשׁ שָׁנִ֜ים תָּב֣וֹאנָה ׀ אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֗ישׁ נֹֽשְׂאוֹת֙ זָהָ֣ב וָכֶ֔סֶף שֶׁנְהַבִּ֥ים וְקוֹפִ֖ים וְתוּכִּיִּֽים׃", "text": "For *ʾŏniyyôṯ* to the *meleḵ* *hōləḵôṯ* *taršîš* with *ʿaḇḏê* *ḥûrām* once in three *šānîm* *tāḇôʾnâ* *ʾŏniyyôṯ* *taršîš* *nōśəʾôṯ* *zāhāḇ* and *ḵeseḏ* *šenhabbîm* and *qôp̄îm* and *ṯûkiyyîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾŏniyyôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - ships", "*meleḵ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the king", "*hōləḵôṯ*": "qal feminine plural participle - going", "*taršîš*": "proper noun - Tarshish", "*ʿaḇḏê*": "masculine plural construct - servants of", "*ḥûrām*": "proper name - Huram/Hiram", "*šānîm*": "feminine plural noun - years", "*tāḇôʾnâ*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine plural - would come", "*nōśəʾôṯ*": "qal feminine plural participle - carrying/bearing", "*zāhāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - gold", "*ḵeseḏ*": "masculine singular noun - silver", "*šenhabbîm*": "masculine plural noun - ivory/elephant tusks", "*qôp̄îm*": "masculine plural noun - apes/monkeys", "*ṯûkiyyîm*": "masculine plural noun - peacocks/baboons" }, "variants": { "*taršîš*": "Tarshish (place name)/type of ship for long voyages", "*šenhabbîm*": "ivory/elephant tusks", "*qôp̄îm*": "apes/monkeys", "*ṯûkiyyîm*": "peacocks/baboons/exotic birds" } }
• Ps 48:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.48.7", "source": "רְ֭עָדָה אֲחָזָ֣תַם שָׁ֑ם חִ֝֗יל כַּיּוֹלֵֽדָה׃", "text": "*rəʿādāh ʾăḥāzātam* there *ḥîl* like *yôlēdāh*", "grammar": { "*rəʿādāh*": "feminine singular noun - trembling/shaking", "*ʾăḥāzātam*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - seized them", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*ḥîl*": "masculine singular noun - anguish/pain", "*ka-yôlēdāh*": "preposition + qal participle feminine singular - like a woman giving birth" }, "variants": { "*rəʿādāh*": "trembling/shaking/terror", "*ʾăḥāzātam*": "seized them/gripped them/took hold of them", "*ḥîl*": "anguish/pain/writhing", "*yôlēdāh*": "woman giving birth/woman in labor" } }
• Num 24:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Numbers.24.24", "source": "וְצִים֙ מִיַּ֣ד כִּתִּ֔ים וְעִנּ֥וּ אַשּׁ֖וּר וְעִנּוּ־עֵ֑בֶר וְגַם־ה֖וּא עֲדֵ֥י אֹבֵֽד׃", "text": "And *ṣîm* from *yaḏ* *Kittîm*, and they *ʿinnû* *ʾAššûr* and they *ʿinnû*-*ʿĒḇer*, and also-he until *ʾōḇēḏ*.", "grammar": { "*ṣîm*": "noun mp - 'ships'", "*yaḏ*": "noun fs construct - 'hand/coast of'", "*Kittîm*": "proper noun - 'Kittim/Chittim'", "*ʿinnû*": "piel perfect 3cp - 'they afflicted'", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun - 'Asshur/Assyria'", "*ʿĒḇer*": "proper noun - 'Eber'", "*ʾōḇēḏ*": "qal participle ms - 'perishing/destruction'" }, "variants": { "*ṣîm*": "ships/vessels/boats", "*yaḏ*": "hand/coast/direction/power", "*ʿinnû*": "afflicted/humbled/oppressed", "*ʿĒḇer*": "Eber/Hebrew people/region beyond", "*ʾōḇēḏ*": "perishing/destruction/perdition" } }
• Josh 19:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Joshua.19.29", "source": "וְשָׁ֤ב הַגְּבוּל֙ הָֽרָמָ֔ה וְעַד־עִ֖יר מִבְצַר־צֹ֑ר וְשָׁ֤ב הַגְּבוּל֙ חֹסָ֔ה *ויהיו **וְהָי֧וּ תֹצְאֹתָ֛יו הַיָּ֖מָּה מֵחֶ֥בֶל אַכְזִֽיבָה׃", "text": "*wə-šāb* the-*gəbûl* the-*rāmâ* and-until-*ʿîr* *mibṣar*-*ṣōr* *wə-šāb* the-*gəbûl* *ḥōsâ* *wə-hāyû* *tōṣəʾōtāyw* the-*yāmmâ* from-*ḥebel* *ʾakzîbâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-šāb*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it turned", "*ha-gəbûl*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the border", "*ha-rāmâ*": "definite article + proper noun - to Ramah", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular construct - city of", "*mibṣar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fortification of", "*ṣōr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*ḥōsâ*": "proper noun - Hosah", "*wə-hāyû*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd plural - and they were", "*tōṣəʾōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its outgoings/extremities", "*ha-yāmmâ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular + directional heh - to the sea/westward", "*ḥebel*": "noun, masculine singular construct - region/district of", "*ʾakzîbâ*": "proper noun - Achzib" }, "variants": { "*šāb*": "to turn/return", "*gəbûl*": "border/territory/boundary", "*mibṣar*": "fortification/stronghold", "*tōṣəʾōtāyw*": "its extremities/boundaries/outgoings", "*ḥebel*": "region/district/territory/portion" } }
• 1 Kgs 5:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Kings.5.1", "source": "וּשְׁלֹמֹ֗ה הָיָ֤ה מוֹשֵׁל֙ בְּכָל־הַמַּמְלָכ֔וֹת מִן־הַנָּהָר֙ אֶ֣רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וְעַ֖ד גְּב֣וּל מִצְרָ֑יִם מַגִּשִׁ֥ים מִנְחָ֛ה וְעֹבְדִ֥ים אֶת־שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה כָּל־יְמֵ֥י חַיָּֽיו׃", "text": "And *Šəlōmōh* *hāyāh* *mōšēl* in-all-the-*mamlākōt* from-the-*nāhār* *ʾereṣ* *Pəlištîm* and-unto *gəvûl* *Miṣrayim* *maggîšîm* *minḥāh* and-*ʿōvədîm* *ʾet*-*Šəlōmōh* all-*yəmê* *ḥayyâw*", "grammar": { "*Šəlōmōh*": "proper noun, masculine - Solomon", "*hāyāh*": "verb, Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*mōšēl*": "participle, Qal masculine singular - ruling/having dominion", "*mamlākōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - kingdoms", "*nāhār*": "noun, masculine singular - river (likely the Euphrates)", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun - Philistines", "*gəvûl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - border/boundary", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*maggîšîm*": "participle, Hiphil masculine plural - bringing near/presenting", "*minḥāh*": "noun, feminine singular - tribute/offering/gift", "*ʿōvədîm*": "participle, Qal masculine plural - serving", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yəmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days", "*ḥayyâw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his life" }, "variants": { "*mōšēl*": "ruler/ruling/having dominion", "*nāhār*": "river/stream (specifically referring to the Euphrates)", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*minḥāh*": "tribute/gift/offering/present", "*ʿōvədîm*": "serving/working for/being subject to" } }
• Isa 24:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.24.10", "source": "נִשְׁבְּרָ֖ה קִרְיַת־תֹּ֑הוּ סֻגַּ֥ר כָּל־בַּ֖יִת מִבּֽוֹא׃", "text": "*nišbərāh* *qiryat*-*tōhû* *suggar* all-*bayit* from-*bôʾ*", "grammar": { "*nišbərāh*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is broken down", "*qiryat*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - city of", "*tōhû*": "common noun, masculine singular - emptiness/chaos", "*suggar*": "Pual perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is shut up", "*bayit*": "common noun, masculine singular - house", "*bôʾ*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition מ - from entering" }, "variants": { "*nišbərāh*": "is broken down/is shattered/is ruined", "*qiryat-tōhû*": "city of chaos/town of emptiness/city of confusion", "*suggar*": "is shut up/is closed/is barred", "*bôʾ*": "entering/going in/coming" } }
• Isa 60:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.60.9", "source": "כִּֽי־לִ֣י ׀ אִיִּ֣ים יְקַוּ֗וּ וָאֳנִיּ֤וֹת תַּרְשִׁישׁ֙ בָּרִ֣אשֹׁנָ֔ה לְהָבִ֤יא בָנַ֙יִךְ֙ מֵֽרָח֔וֹק כַּסְפָּ֥ם וּזְהָבָ֖ם אִתָּ֑ם לְשֵׁם֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהַ֔יִךְ וְלִקְד֥וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כִּ֥י פֵאֲרָֽךְ׃", "text": "*kî-lî* *ʾiyyîm* *yəqawwû* *wā-ʾŏniyyôṯ* *taršîš* *bā-rîšōnāh* *ləhāḇîʾ* *bānayik* *mērāḥôq* *kaspām* *û-zəhāḇām* *ʾittām* *lə-šēm* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhayik* *wə-liqḏôš* *yiśrāʾēl* *kî* *p̄ēʾărāḵ*", "grammar": { "*kî-lî*": "conjunction + preposition with 1st common singular suffix - for to me", "*ʾiyyîm*": "noun, masculine plural - coastlands/islands", "*yəqawwû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, piel - they wait/hope", "*wā-ʾŏniyyôṯ*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural construct - and ships of", "*taršîš*": "proper noun - Tarshish", "*bā-rîšōnāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the first (place)", "*ləhāḇîʾ*": "preposition + infinitive construct, hiphil - to bring", "*bānayik*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sons", "*mērāḥôq*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from afar", "*kaspām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their silver", "*û-zəhāḇām*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their gold", "*ʾittām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - with them", "*lə-šēm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - for the name of", "*YHWH*": "divine name, proper noun", "*ʾĕlōhayik*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your God", "*wə-liqḏôš*": "conjunction + preposition + adjective, masculine singular construct - and for the Holy One of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*kî*": "conjunction - because", "*p̄ēʾărāḵ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, piel with 2nd feminine singular suffix - he has beautified you" }, "variants": { "*ʾiyyîm*": "coastlands/islands/distant shores", "*yəqawwû*": "they wait/they hope/they look eagerly", "*ʾŏniyyôṯ*": "ships/vessels/boats", "*taršîš*": "Tarshish (place name)", "*bā-rîšōnāh*": "in the first place/at the first/in the beginning", "*ləhāḇîʾ*": "to bring/to carry/to lead", "*bānayik*": "your sons/your children/your descendants", "*mērāḥôq*": "from afar/from a distance/from far away", "*kesep̄*": "silver/money/currency", "*zāhāḇ*": "gold/golden treasure", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/fame", "*qāḏôš*": "Holy One/sacred one", "*p̄ēʾărak*": "he has beautified you/he has adorned you/he has glorified you" } }
• Isa 15:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.15.1", "source": "מַשָּׂ֖א מוֹאָ֑ב כִּ֠י בְּלֵ֞יל שֻׁדַּ֨ד עָ֤ר מוֹאָב֙ נִדְמָ֔ה כִּ֗י בְּלֵ֛יל שֻׁדַּ֥ד קִיר־מוֹאָ֖ב נִדְמָֽה׃", "text": "*Maśśāʾ* *Môʾāḇ* *kî* in *layil* *šuddad* *ʿār* *Môʾāḇ* *nidmâ* *kî* in *layil* *šuddad* *qîr*-*Môʾāḇ* *nidmâ*", "grammar": { "*Maśśāʾ*": "construct state, masculine, singular - burden/oracle concerning", "*Môʾāḇ*": "proper noun, absolute state - Moab", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because/that", "*layil*": "noun, masculine, singular - night", "*šuddad*": "pual perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was devastated/laid waste", "*ʿār*": "proper noun - Ar (city in Moab)", "*nidmâ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - was cut off/destroyed/silenced/brought to ruin", "*qîr*": "noun, construct state - wall/city/fortress", "*šuddad*": "pual perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was devastated/laid waste" }, "variants": { "*Maśśāʾ*": "burden/oracle/pronouncement/utterance", "*nidmâ*": "was cut off/destroyed/silenced/brought to ruin/ceased to be", "*qîr*": "wall/city/fortress of Moab (likely a city name)" } } 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.15.2", "source": "עָלָ֨ה הַבַּ֧יִת וְדִיבֹ֛ן הַבָּמ֖וֹת לְבֶ֑כִי עַל־נְב֞וֹ וְעַ֤ל מֵֽידְבָא֙ מוֹאָ֣ב יְיֵלִ֔יל בְּכָל־רֹאשָׁ֣יו קָרְחָ֔ה כָּל־זָקָ֖ן גְּרוּעָֽה׃", "text": "*ʿālâ* the *bayit* *wə*-*Dîḇōn* the *bāmôt* for *beḵî* upon-*Neḇô* *wə*-upon *Mêdeḇāʾ* *Môʾāḇ* *yeyēlîl* on all-*rōʾšāyw* *qorḥâ* all-*zāqān* *gerûʿâ*", "grammar": { "*ʿālâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - went up/ascended", "*bayit*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the house/temple", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*Dîḇōn*": "proper noun - Dibon (city)", "*bāmôt*": "noun, feminine, plural with definite article - the high places", "*beḵî*": "noun, masculine, singular - weeping", "*Neḇô*": "proper noun - Nebo (place name)", "*Mêdeḇāʾ*": "proper noun - Medeba (place name)", "*Môʾāḇ*": "proper noun - Moab", "*yeyēlîl*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - wails/howls", "*rōʾšāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its/his heads", "*qorḥâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - baldness", "*zāqān*": "noun, masculine, singular - beard", "*gerûʿâ*": "passive participle, feminine, singular - cut off/shaved" }, "variants": { "*ʿālâ*": "went up/ascended/has gone up", "*bayit*": "house/temple (possibly referring to temple in Moab)", "*bāmôt*": "high places/shrines/cult sites", "*beḵî*": "weeping/crying", "*yeyēlîl*": "wails/howls/laments", "*qorḥâ*": "baldness (sign of mourning)", "*gerûʿâ*": "cut off/shaved/diminished (sign of mourning)" } }
• Isa 15:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.15.8", "source": "כִּֽי־הִקִּ֥יפָה הַזְּעָקָ֖ה אֶת־גְּב֣וּל מוֹאָ֑ב עַד־אֶגְלַ֙יִם֙ יִלְלָתָ֔הּ וּבְאֵ֥ר אֵילִ֖ים יִלְלָתָֽהּ׃", "text": "*kî*-*hiqqîpâ* the *zeʿāqâ* *ʾet*-*geḇûl* *Môʾāḇ* until-*ʾEḡlayim* *yilālātāh* *û*-*Beʾēr* *ʾêlîm* *yilālātāh*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hiqqîpâ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she surrounded/has gone around", "*zeʿāqâ*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the cry/outcry", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*geḇûl*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - territory/border of", "*Môʾāḇ*": "proper noun - Moab", "*ʾEḡlayim*": "proper noun - Eglaim (place)", "*yilālātāh*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her wailing", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*Beʾēr*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - well of", "*ʾêlîm*": "proper noun - Elim (place)", "*yilālātāh*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her wailing" }, "variants": { "*hiqqîpâ*": "she surrounded/has gone around/encompassed", "*zeʿāqâ*": "cry/outcry/shriek", "*geḇûl*": "territory/border/boundary", "*yilālātāh*": "her wailing/howling", "*Beʾēr ʾêlîm*": "Beer Elim (well of the mighty ones/rams/trees)" } }
• Ezek 26:1-28:24 : 1 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֛י בְּעַשְׁתֵּֽי־עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה שָׁנָ֖ה בְּאֶחָ֣ד לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ הָיָ֥ה דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה אֵלַ֥י לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "And *wayehî* in *'ashtê-'esrê* *shānâ* in *'echād* to the *chōdesh*, *hāyâ* *debar-YHWH* unto me *lē'mōr*:", "grammar": { "*wayehî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it came to pass/happened", "*'ashtê-'esrê*": "cardinal number - eleven", "*shānâ*": "feminine singular noun - year", "*'echād*": "cardinal number - first/one", "*chōdesh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the month", "*hāyâ*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was/happened", "*debar-YHWH*": "construct chain - word of YHWH/the LORD", "*lē'mōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to say/saying" }, "variants": { "*wayehî*": "and it happened/came to pass/came about", "*debar-YHWH*": "word of YHWH/message of the LORD/utterance of YHWH", "*lē'mōr*": "saying/to say/speaking" } } 2 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.2", "source": "בֶּן־אָדָ֗ם יַ֠עַן אֲשֶׁר־אָ֨מְרָה צֹּ֤ר עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ הֶאָ֔ח נִשְׁבְּרָ֛ה דַּלְת֥וֹת הָעַמִּ֖ים נָסֵ֣בָּה אֵלָ֑י אִמָּלְאָ֖ה הָחֳרָֽבָה׃", "text": "*ben-'ādām* *ya'an* *'ăsher-'āmerâ* *Tsōr* against *Yerûshālaim*, *he'āch* *nishberâ* *daltôt* the *'ammîm* *nāsĕbâ* unto me *'immāle'â* the *chorābâ*.", "grammar": { "*ben-'ādām*": "construct chain - son of man/human", "*ya'an*": "conjunction - because", "*'ăsher-'āmerâ*": "relative pronoun + perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - that she said", "*Tsōr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*Yerûshālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*he'āch*": "interjection - aha!/ha!", "*nishberâ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - has been broken", "*daltôt*": "feminine plural construct - doors/gates of", "*'ammîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the peoples", "*nāsĕbâ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is turned", "*'immāle'â*": "niphal imperfect, 1st person singular with paragogic heh - I will be filled", "*chorābâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the waste/desolation" }, "variants": { "*he'āch*": "aha!/good!/hurrah! (expression of malicious joy)", "*nāsĕbâ*": "is turned/has turned/is redirected", "*'immāle'â*": "I will be filled/I shall be made full" } } 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.3", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה הִנְנִ֥י עָלַ֖יִךְ צֹ֑ר וְהַעֲלֵיתִ֤י עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֔ים כְּהַעֲל֥וֹת הַיָּ֖ם לְגַלָּֽיו׃", "text": "Therefore, thus *'āmar* *'ădōnāy* *YHWH*, *hinenî* against you, *Tsōr*, and *ha'ălêtî* against you *gôyîm* *rabbîm* like *keha'ălôt* the *yām* to his *gallāyw*.", "grammar": { "*'āmar*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - said/says", "*'ădōnāy*": "title with 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*hinenî*": "particle with 1st person singular suffix - behold me/here I am", "*Tsōr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*ha'ălêtî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I will bring up/cause to come up", "*gôyîm*": "masculine plural noun - nations", "*rabbîm*": "masculine plural adjective - many", "*keha'ălôt*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - as bringing up/as causes to rise", "*yām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the sea", "*gallāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his waves" }, "variants": { "*hinenî*": "behold me/here I am/I am against you", "*ha'ălêtî*": "I will bring up/I will cause to come up", "*keha'ălôt*": "as the bringing up/as the rising of" } } 4 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.4", "source": "וְשִׁחֲת֞וּ חֹמ֣וֹת צֹ֗ר וְהָֽרְסוּ֙ מִגְדָּלֶ֔יהָ וְסִֽחֵיתִ֥י עֲפָרָ֖הּ מִמֶּ֑נָּה וְנָתַתִּ֥י אוֹתָ֖הּ לִצְחִ֥יחַ סָֽלַע׃", "text": "And *shichatû* *chōmôt* *Tsōr* and *hāresû* her *migdālehā*, and *sichêtî* her *'ăphārâ* from her, and *nātattî* her to *tsechîach* *sāla'*.", "grammar": { "*shichatû*": "piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they will destroy", "*chōmôt*": "feminine plural construct - walls of", "*Tsōr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*hāresû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will tear down", "*migdālehā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her towers", "*sichêtî*": "piel perfect, 1st person singular - I will scrape off", "*'ăphārâ*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her dust/soil", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I will make/set", "*tsechîach*": "masculine singular construct - bare surface of", "*sāla'*": "masculine singular noun - rock" }, "variants": { "*sichêtî*": "I will scrape off/I will sweep away", "*tsechîach sāla'*": "bare rock/exposed bedrock/smooth surface of rock" } } 5 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.5", "source": "מִשְׁטַ֨ח חֲרָמִ֤ים תִּֽהְיֶה֙ בְּת֣וֹךְ הַיָּ֔ם כִּ֚י אֲנִ֣י דִבַּ֔רְתִּי נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה וְהָיְתָ֥ה לְבַ֖ז לַגּוֹיִֽם׃", "text": "*mishtach* *chărāmîm* *tihyeh* in *betôk* the *yām*, for I *dibbartî*, *ne'um* *'ădōnāy* *YHWH*, and *hāyetâ* for *baz* to the *gôyîm*.", "grammar": { "*mishtach*": "masculine singular construct - spreading place of", "*chărāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - nets", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she will be", "*betôk*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in the midst of", "*yām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the sea", "*dibbartî*": "piel perfect, 1st person singular - I have spoken", "*ne'um*": "masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*'ădōnāy*": "title - Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*hāyetâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she will be", "*baz*": "masculine singular noun - spoil/plunder", "*gôyîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the nations" }, "variants": { "*mishtach chărāmîm*": "place for spreading nets/drying place for fishing nets", "*ne'um*": "declaration/utterance/oracle" } } 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.6", "source": "וּבְנוֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה בַּחֶ֖רֶב תֵּהָרַ֑גְנָה וְיָדְע֖וּ כִּי־אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ פ", "text": "And her *benôtehā* that *bassādeh* with the *chereb* *tēhāragnâ*, and *yāde'û* that I am *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*benôtehā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her daughters", "*bassādeh*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with definite article - in the field", "*chereb*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*tēhāragnâ*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they will be slain", "*yāde'û*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will know" }, "variants": { "*benôtehā*": "her daughters/her dependent villages", "*bassādeh*": "in the field/in the open country/in the countryside" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.7", "source": "כִּ֣י כֹ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה הִנְנִ֧י מֵבִ֣יא אֶל־צֹ֗ר נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֧ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֛ל מִצָּפ֖וֹן מֶ֣לֶךְ מְלָכִ֑ים בְּס֛וּס וּבְרֶ֥כֶב וּבְפָרָשִׁ֖ים וְקָהָ֥ל וְעַם־רָֽב׃", "text": "For thus *'āmar* *'ădōnāy* *YHWH*: *hinenî* *mēbî'* unto *Tsōr* *Nebûkadre'tstsar* *melek-Bābel* from the *tsāphôn*, *melek* *melākîm*, with *sûs* and with *rekeb* and with *pārāshîm* and *qāhāl* and *'am-rāb*.", "grammar": { "*'āmar*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - said/says", "*'ădōnāy*": "title - Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*hinenî*": "particle with 1st person singular suffix - behold me/here I am", "*mēbî'*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - bringing", "*Tsōr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*Nebûkadre'tstsar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melek-Bābel*": "construct chain - king of Babylon", "*tsāphôn*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the north", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*melākîm*": "masculine plural noun - kings", "*sûs*": "masculine singular noun - horse", "*rekeb*": "masculine singular noun - chariot/chariotry", "*pārāshîm*": "masculine plural noun - horsemen", "*qāhāl*": "masculine singular noun - assembly/company", "*'am-rāb*": "masculine singular noun + adjective - many people" }, "variants": { "*mēbî'*": "bringing/am bringing", "*melek melākîm*": "king of kings/supreme king" } } 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.8", "source": "בְּנוֹתַ֥יִךְ בַּשָּׂדֶ֖ה בַּחֶ֣רֶב יַהֲרֹ֑ג וְנָתַ֨ן עָלַ֜יִךְ דָּיֵ֗ק וְשָׁפַ֤ךְ עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ סֹֽלְלָ֔ה וְהֵקִ֥ים עָלַ֖יִךְ צִנָּֽה׃", "text": "Your *benôtayik* *bassādeh* with the *chereb* *yaharōg*, and *nātan* against you *dāyēq*, and *shāphak* against you *sôlelâ*, and *hēqîm* against you *tsinnâ*.", "grammar": { "*benôtayik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your daughters", "*bassādeh*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with definite article - in the field", "*chereb*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*yaharōg*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will kill", "*nātan*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will set up", "*dāyēq*": "masculine singular noun - siege wall", "*shāphak*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will pour out", "*sôlelâ*": "feminine singular noun - siege ramp/mound", "*hēqîm*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will raise up", "*tsinnâ*": "feminine singular noun - large shield/buckler" }, "variants": { "*benôtayik*": "your daughters/your dependent towns", "*dāyēq*": "siege wall/siege works", "*sôlelâ*": "siege ramp/siege mound", "*tsinnâ*": "large shield/shield wall/protective barrier" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.9", "source": "וּמְחִ֣י קָֽבָלּ֔וֹ יִתֵּ֖ן בְּחֹֽמוֹתָ֑יִךְ וּמִ֨גְדְּלֹתַ֔יִךְ יִתֹּ֖ץ בְּחַרְבוֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "And *mechî* *qābāllô* *yittēn* against your *chômôtāyik*, and your *migdelôtayik* *yittōts* with his *charbôtāyw*.", "grammar": { "*mechî*": "masculine singular construct - blow/battering of", "*qābāllô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his battering ram", "*yittēn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will direct/set", "*chômôtāyik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your walls", "*migdelôtayik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your towers", "*yittōts*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will break down", "*charbôtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his weapons/swords" }, "variants": { "*mechî qābāllô*": "stroke of his battering ram/impact of his siege engines", "*charbôtāyw*": "his weapons/his swords/his demolition tools" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.10", "source": "מִשִּׁפְעַ֥ת סוּסָ֖יו יְכַסֵּ֣ךְ אֲבָקָ֑ם מִקּוֹל֩ פָּרַ֨שׁ וְגַלְגַּ֜ל וָרֶ֗כֶב תִּרְעַ֙שְׁנָה֙ חֽוֹמוֹתַ֔יִךְ בְּבֹאוֹ֙ בִּשְׁעָרַ֔יִךְ כִּמְבוֹאֵ֖י עִ֥יר מְבֻקָּעָֽה׃", "text": "From *mishshiph'at* his *sûsāyw* *yekassēk* their *'ăbāqām*; from *miqqôl* *pārash* and *galgal* and *wārekeb* *tir'ashnâ* your *chômôtayik* when he *bebô'ô* into your *bish'ārayik* like *kimebô'ê* *'îr* *mebuqqā'â*.", "grammar": { "*mishshiph'at*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - from abundance of", "*sûsāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his horses", "*yekassēk*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - will cover you", "*'ăbāqām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their dust", "*miqqôl*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - from noise of", "*pārash*": "masculine singular noun - horseman", "*galgal*": "masculine singular noun - wheel", "*wārekeb*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and chariot", "*tir'ashnâ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they will shake", "*chômôtayik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your walls", "*bebô'ô*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - when he enters", "*bish'ārayik*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - into your gates", "*kimebô'ê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - like entrances of", "*'îr*": "feminine singular noun - city", "*mebuqqā'â*": "pual participle, feminine singular - being breached" }, "variants": { "*shiph'at*": "abundance/multitude/great number", "*'ăbāqām*": "their dust/their cloud of dust", "*galgal*": "wheel/chariot wheel/war chariot", "*tir'ashnâ*": "will shake/will tremble/will quake", "*mebuqqā'â*": "breached/broken into/laid open" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.11", "source": "בְּפַרְס֣וֹת סוּסָ֔יו יִרְמֹ֖ס אֶת־כָּל־חֽוּצוֹתָ֑יִךְ עַמֵּךְ֙ בַּחֶ֣רֶב יַהֲרֹ֔ג וּמַצְּב֥וֹת עֻזֵּ֖ךְ לָאָ֥רֶץ תֵּרֵֽד׃", "text": "With *bepharsôt* his *sûsāyw* *yirmōs* all your *chûtsôtāyik*, your *'ammēk* with the *chereb* *yaharōg*, and *matstsebôt* your *'uzzēk* to the *'ārets* *tērēd*.", "grammar": { "*bepharsôt*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - with hooves of", "*sûsāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his horses", "*yirmōs*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will trample", "*chûtsôtāyik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your streets", "*'ammēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your people", "*chereb*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*yaharōg*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will kill", "*matstsebôt*": "feminine plural construct - pillars of", "*'uzzēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your strength", "*'ārets*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the ground", "*tērēd*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will come down" }, "variants": { "*parsôt*": "hooves/horseshoes", "*chûtsôtāyik*": "your streets/your public squares", "*matstsebôt 'uzzēk*": "pillars of your strength/monuments of your might/your strong columns" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.12", "source": "וְשָׁלְל֣וּ חֵילֵ֗ךְ וּבָֽזְזוּ֙ רְכֻלָּתֵ֔ךְ וְהָֽרְסוּ֙ חוֹמוֹתַ֔יִךְ וּבָתֵּ֥י חֶמְדָּתֵ֖ךְ יִתֹּ֑צוּ וַאֲבָנַ֤יִךְ וְעֵצַ֙יִךְ֙ וַֽעֲפָרֵ֔ךְ בְּת֥וֹךְ מַ֖יִם יָשִֽׂימוּ׃", "text": "And *shālelû* your *chêlēk* and *bāzezû* your *rekullātēk* and *hāresû* your *chômôtayik*, and your *bāttê chemdātēk* *yittōtsû*, and your *'ăbānayik* and your *'ētsayik* and your *'ăphārēk* in *betôk* *mayim* *yāsîmû*.", "grammar": { "*shālelû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will plunder", "*chêlēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your wealth", "*bāzezû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will loot", "*rekullātēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your merchandise", "*hāresû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will break down", "*chômôtayik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your walls", "*bāttê*": "masculine plural construct - houses of", "*chemdātēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your delight", "*yittōtsû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - they will tear down", "*'ăbānayik*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your stones", "*'ētsayik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your timbers", "*'ăphārēk*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your dust", "*betôk*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in the midst of", "*mayim*": "masculine plural noun - water", "*yāsîmû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - they will place" }, "variants": { "*chêlēk*": "your wealth/your resources/your army", "*rekullātēk*": "your merchandise/your goods/your trading wares", "*bāttê chemdātēk*": "houses of your delight/your pleasant/luxurious houses" } } 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.13", "source": "וְהִשְׁבַּתִּ֖י הֲמ֣וֹן שִׁירָ֑יִךְ וְק֣וֹל כִּנּוֹרַ֔יִךְ לֹ֥א יִשָּׁמַ֖ע עֽוֹד׃", "text": "And *hishbattî* *hămôn* your *shîrāyik*, and *qôl* your *kinnôrayik* not *yishshāma'* *'ôd*.", "grammar": { "*hishbattî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I will make cease", "*hămôn*": "masculine singular construct - noise of", "*shîrāyik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your songs", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - sound of", "*kinnôrayik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your harps", "*yishshāma'*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be heard", "*'ôd*": "adverb - again/anymore" }, "variants": { "*hămôn*": "noise/tumult/multitude", "*kinnôrayik*": "your harps/your lyres" } } 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.14", "source": "וּנְתַתִּ֞יךְ לִצְחִ֣יחַ סֶ֗לַע מִשְׁטַ֤ח חֲרָמִים֙ תִּֽהְיֶ֔ה לֹ֥א תִבָּנֶ֖ה ע֑וֹד כִּ֣י אֲנִ֤י יְהוָה֙ דִּבַּ֔רְתִּי נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃ ס", "text": "And *netattîk* to *tsechîach* *sela'*, *mishtach* *chărāmîm* *tihyeh*, not *tibbāneh* *'ôd*, for I *YHWH* *dibbartî*, *ne'um* *'ădōnāy* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*netattîk*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - I will make you", "*tsechîach*": "masculine singular construct - bare surface of", "*sela'*": "masculine singular noun - rock", "*mishtach*": "masculine singular construct - spreading place of", "*chărāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - nets", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you will be", "*tibbāneh*": "niphal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you will be built", "*'ôd*": "adverb - again/anymore", "*dibbartî*": "piel perfect, 1st person singular - I have spoken", "*ne'um*": "masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*'ădōnāy*": "title - Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*tsechîach sela'*": "bare rock/smooth bedrock", "*mishtach chărāmîm*": "place for spreading nets/fishing net drying area", "*ne'um*": "declaration/utterance/oracle" } } 15 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.15", "source": "כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֛ר אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִ֖ה לְצ֑וֹר הֲלֹ֣א ׀ מִקּ֣וֹל מַפַּלְתֵּ֗ךְ בֶּאֱנֹ֨ק חָלָ֜ל בֵּהָ֤רֵֽג הֶ֙רֶג֙ בְּתוֹכֵ֔ךְ יִרְעֲשׁ֖וּ הָאִיִּֽים׃", "text": "Thus *'āmar* *'ădōnāy* *YHWH* to *Tsôr*: Will not from *miqqôl* your *mappaltēk*, when *be'ĕnōq* *chālāl*, when *bēhārēg* *hereg* within you, *yir'ăshû* the *'iyyîm*?", "grammar": { "*'āmar*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - said/says", "*'ădōnāy*": "title - Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*Tsôr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*miqqôl*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - from sound of", "*mappaltēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your downfall", "*be'ĕnōq*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - at the groaning of", "*chālāl*": "masculine singular noun - wounded/slain", "*bēhārēg*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - at the slaying of", "*hereg*": "masculine singular noun - slaughter", "*yir'ăshû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will shake", "*'iyyîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the coastlands/islands" }, "variants": { "*mappaltēk*": "your downfall/your collapse/your ruin", "*be'ĕnōq chālāl*": "at the groaning of the wounded/when the slain groan", "*'iyyîm*": "coastlands/islands/maritime regions" } } 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.16", "source": "וֽ͏ְיָרְד֞וּ מֵעַ֣ל כִּסְאוֹתָ֗ם כֹּ֚ל נְשִׂיאֵ֣י הַיָּ֔ם וְהֵסִ֙ירוּ֙ אֶת־מְעִ֣ילֵיהֶ֔ם וְאֶת־בִּגְדֵ֥י רִקְמָתָ֖ם יִפְשֹׁ֑טוּ חֲרָד֤וֹת ׀ יִלְבָּ֙שׁוּ֙ עַל־הָאָ֣רֶץ יֵשֵׁ֔בוּ וְחָֽרְדוּ֙ לִרְגָעִ֔ים וְשָׁמְמ֖וּ עָלָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And *weyāredû* from upon their *kis'ôtām* all *nesî'ê* the *yām*, and *hēsîrû* their *me'îlêhem* and their *bigdê* their *riqmātām* *yiphshōtû*; *chărādôt* *yilbāshû*, upon the *'ārets* *yēshēbû* and *chāredû* to *lirga'îm* and *shāmemû* over you.", "grammar": { "*weyāredû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will come down", "*kis'ôtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their thrones", "*nesî'ê*": "masculine plural construct - princes of", "*yām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the sea", "*hēsîrû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will remove", "*me'îlêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their robes", "*bigdê*": "masculine plural construct - garments of", "*riqmātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their embroidery", "*yiphshōtû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will strip off", "*chărādôt*": "feminine plural noun - trembling", "*yilbāshû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will clothe themselves", "*'ārets*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the ground", "*yēshēbû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will sit", "*chāredû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will tremble", "*lirga'îm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - to moments/continually", "*shāmemû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be appalled" }, "variants": { "*nesî'ê hayām*": "princes of the sea/coastal rulers/maritime leaders", "*bigdê riqmātām*": "garments of their embroidery/their embroidered garments", "*chărādôt*": "trembling/shuddering/terror", "*lirga'îm*": "continually/moment by moment/every moment" } } 17 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.17", "source": "וְנָשְׂא֨וּ עָלַ֤יִךְ קִינָה֙ וְאָ֣מְרוּ לָ֔ךְ אֵ֣יךְ אָבַ֔דְתְּ נוֹשֶׁ֖בֶת מִיַּמִּ֑ים הָעִ֣יר הַהֻלָּ֗לָה אֲשֶׁר֩ הָיְתָ֨ה חֲזָקָ֤ה בַיָּם֙ הִ֣יא וְיֹשְׁבֶ֔יהָ אֲשֶׁר־נָתְנ֥וּ חִתִּיתָ֖ם לְכָל־יוֹשְׁבֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And *wenāse'û* over you *qînâ* and *'āmerû* to you: *'êk* *'ābadt* *nôshebet* from *miyyammîm*, the *'îr* *hahullālâ* which *hāyetâ* *chăzāqâ* in the *yām*, she and her *weyōshebehā*, which *nātenû* their *chittîtām* to all her *yôshebehā*.", "grammar": { "*wenāse'û*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will take up", "*qînâ*": "feminine singular noun - lamentation", "*'āmerû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will say", "*'êk*": "interrogative - how", "*'ābadt*": "qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you have perished", "*nôshebet*": "niphal participle, feminine singular construct - inhabited one of", "*miyyammîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - from seas", "*'îr*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the city", "*hahullālâ*": "pual participle, feminine singular with definite article - the praised", "*hāyetâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she was", "*chăzāqâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - strong", "*yām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the sea", "*weyōshebehā*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and her inhabitants", "*nātenû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they put", "*chittîtām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their terror", "*yôshebehā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her inhabitants" }, "variants": { "*qînâ*": "lamentation/dirge/funeral song", "*nôshebet miyyammîm*": "inhabited one from the seas/populated one from the waters/maritime city", "*hahullālâ*": "the praised/the renowned/the celebrated", "*chittîtām*": "their terror/their dread/their fear" } } 18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.18", "source": "עַתָּה֙ יֶחְרְד֣וּ הָֽאִיִּ֔ן י֖וֹם מַפַּלְתֵּ֑ךְ וְנִבְהֲל֛וּ הָאִיִּ֥ים אֲשֶׁר־בַּיָּ֖ם מִצֵּאתֵֽךְ׃ ס", "text": "Now *yechredû* the *hā'iyyîn*, *yôm* your *mappaltēk*, and *wenibhălû* the *hā'iyyîm* which are in the *yām* from your *mitstsē'tēk*.", "grammar": { "*yechredû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will tremble", "*hā'iyyîn*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the coastlands", "*yôm*": "masculine singular construct - day of", "*mappaltēk*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your downfall", "*wenibhălû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will be dismayed", "*hā'iyyîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the coastlands/islands", "*yām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the sea", "*mitstsē'tēk*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - from your departure" }, "variants": { "*hā'iyyîn/hā'iyyîm*": "the coastlands/the islands/the coastal regions", "*mappaltēk*": "your downfall/your collapse/your ruin", "*mitstsē'tēk*": "your departure/your demise/your end" } } 19 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.19", "source": "כִּ֣י כֹ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה בְּתִתִּ֤י אֹתָךְ֙ עִ֣יר נֶחֱרֶ֔בֶת כֶּעָרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־נוֹשָׁ֑בוּ בְּהַעֲל֤וֹת עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ אֶת־תְּה֔וֹם וְכִסּ֖וּךְ הַמַּ֥יִם הָרַבִּֽים׃", "text": "For thus *'āmar* *'ădōnāy* *YHWH*: When *betittî* you *'îr* *necherébet* like *ke'ārîm* which not *nôshābû*, when *beha'ălôt* against you the *tehôm* and *kissûk* the *hammayim* *hārabbîm*.", "grammar": { "*'āmar*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - said/says", "*'ădōnāy*": "title - Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*betittî*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct with 1st person singular suffix - when I make", "*'îr*": "feminine singular noun - city", "*necherébet*": "niphal participle, feminine singular - laid waste", "*ke'ārîm*": "preposition + feminine plural noun - like cities", "*nôshābû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - are inhabited", "*beha'ălôt*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - when bringing up", "*tehôm*": "feminine singular noun with direct object marker - the deep", "*kissûk*": "piel perfect, 3rd person plural with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - they cover you", "*hammayim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the waters", "*hārabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural with definite article - the many" }, "variants": { "*tehôm*": "deep/abyss/depths", "*hammayim hārabbîm*": "the many waters/the great waters/the mighty waters" } } 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.20", "source": "וְהוֹרַדְתִּיךְ֩ אֶת־י֨וֹרְדֵי ב֜וֹר אֶל־עַ֣ם עוֹלָ֗ם וְ֠הוֹשַׁבְתִּיךְ בְּאֶ֨רֶץ תַּחְתִּיּ֜וֹת כָּחֳרָב֤וֹת מֵֽעוֹלָם֙ אֶת־י֣וֹרְדֵי ב֔וֹר לְמַ֖עַן לֹ֣א תֵשֵׁ֑בִי וְנָתַתִּ֥י צְבִ֖י בְּאֶ֥רֶץ חַיִּֽים׃", "text": "And *wehôradtîk* with *yôredê* *bôr* to *'am* *'ôlām*, and *wehôshabtîk* in *'erets* *tachtiyyôt* like *kochorābôt* from *mē'ôlām* with *yôredê* *bôr*, so that not *tēshēbî*; and *wenātattî* *tsebî* in *'erets* *chayyîm*.", "grammar": { "*wehôradtîk*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - I will bring you down", "*yôredê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - those who go down to", "*bôr*": "masculine singular noun - pit", "*'am*": "masculine singular construct - people of", "*'ôlām*": "masculine singular noun - long duration/antiquity", "*wehôshabtîk*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - I will make you dwell", "*'erets*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*tachtiyyôt*": "feminine plural noun - lower parts", "*kochorābôt*": "preposition + feminine plural noun - like ruins", "*mē'ôlām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - from ancient time", "*yôredê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - those who go down to", "*bôr*": "masculine singular noun - pit", "*tēshēbî*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you will be inhabited", "*wenātattî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I will set", "*tsebî*": "masculine singular noun - beauty/glory", "*'erets*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*chayyîm*": "masculine plural noun - living" }, "variants": { "*yôredê bôr*": "those who go down to the pit/those who descend to the grave", "*'am 'ôlām*": "people of old/ancient people/people of long ago", "*'erets tachtiyyôt*": "land of the depths/netherworld/lowest parts of the earth", "*tsebî*": "beauty/glory/splendor", "*'erets chayyîm*": "land of the living/realm of life" } } 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.26.21", "source": "בַּלָּה֥וֹת אֶתְּנֵ֖ךְ וְאֵינֵ֑ךְ וּֽתְבֻקְשִׁ֗י וְלֹֽא־תִמָּצְאִ֥י עוֹד֙ לְעוֹלָ֔ם נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהֹוִֽה׃ ס", "text": "*ballāhôt* *'ettenēk* and you are *'êynēk*, and *ûtebuqshî* and not *timmātse'î* *'ôd* to *le'ôlām*, *ne'um* *'ădōnāy* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*ballāhôt*": "feminine plural noun - terrors", "*'ettenēk*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - I will make you", "*'êynēk*": "particle of negation with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - you will not be", "*ûtebuqshî*": "pual imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you will be sought", "*timmātse'î*": "niphal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you will be found", "*'ôd*": "adverb - again/anymore", "*le'ôlām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - forever", "*ne'um*": "masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*'ădōnāy*": "title - Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*ballāhôt*": "terrors/horrors/sudden destruction", "*'êynēk*": "you are no more/you will cease to exist", "*ne'um*": "declaration/utterance/oracle" } } 1 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֥י דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה אֵלַ֥י לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "And *wa-yəhî* *dəbar*-*YHWH* to me *lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened/came to pass", "*dəbar*": "construct state, masculine singular - word/matter of", "*YHWH*": "divine name, tetragrammaton", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to say/saying" }, "variants": { "*wa-yəhî*": "and it happened/came to pass/was", "*dəbar*": "word/speech/message/matter", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say/as follows" } } 2 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.2", "source": "וְאַתָּ֣ה בֶן־אָדָ֔ם שָׂ֥א עַל־צֹ֖ר קִינָֽה׃", "text": "And you *ben*-*ʾādām* *śāʾ* concerning-*Ṣōr* *qînāh*", "grammar": { "*ben*": "construct state, masculine singular - son of", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular - man/mankind/Adam", "*śāʾ*": "imperative, masculine singular - lift up/raise/take up", "*Ṣōr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*qînāh*": "feminine singular noun - lamentation/dirge" }, "variants": { "*ben-ʾādām*": "son of man/mortal human/prophetic title", "*śāʾ*": "lift up/take up/begin/utter", "*qînāh*": "lamentation/dirge/funeral song" } } 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.3", "source": "וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ לְצ֗וֹר הַיֹּשֶׁ֙בֶת֙ עַל־מְבוֹאֹ֣ת יָ֔ם רֹכֶ֙לֶת֙ הָֽעַמִּ֔ים אֶל־אִיִּ֖ים רַבִּ֑ים כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה צ֕וֹר אַ֣תְּ אָמַ֔רְתְּ אֲנִ֖י כְּלִ֥ילַת יֹֽפִי׃", "text": "And *ʾāmartā* to-*Ṣôr*, the *yōšebet* at-*məbôʾōt* *yām*, *rōkelet* the-*ʿammîm* to-*ʾiyyîm* many, thus *ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*, *Ṣôr* you [feminine] *ʾāmart* I [am] *kəlîlat* *yōpî*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you said/will say", "*yōšebet*": "feminine singular participle - dwelling/situated", "*məbôʾōt*": "feminine plural construct - entrances/harbors of", "*yām*": "masculine singular - sea", "*rōkelet*": "feminine singular participle - merchant/trader", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural - peoples/nations", "*ʾiyyîm*": "masculine plural - islands/coastlands", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/says", "*ʾădōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/my Lord", "*ʾāmart*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you said", "*kəlîlat*": "construct state, feminine singular - perfection of", "*yōpî*": "masculine singular - beauty" }, "variants": { "*məbôʾōt yām*": "entrances of the sea/harbors/ports", "*rōkelet*": "merchant/trader/trafficker", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/ethnic groups", "*ʾiyyîm*": "islands/coastlands/maritime regions", "*kəlîlat yōpî*": "perfect in beauty/completely beautiful" } } 4 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.4", "source": "בְּלֵ֥ב יַמִּ֖ים גְּבוּלָ֑יִךְ בֹּנַ֕יִךְ כָּלְל֖וּ יָפְיֵֽךְ׃", "text": "In *lēb* *yammîm* [are] *gəbûlāyik* *bōnayik* *kāləlû* *yopyēk*", "grammar": { "*lēb*": "construct state, masculine singular - heart of", "*yammîm*": "masculine plural - seas", "*gəbûlāyik*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your borders", "*bōnayik*": "masculine plural participle + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your builders", "*kāləlû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they perfected/completed", "*yopyēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your beauty" }, "variants": { "*lēb yammîm*": "heart of the seas/midst of the seas/deep waters", "*gəbûlāyik*": "your borders/boundaries/territories", "*kāləlû*": "perfected/completed/made perfect" } } 5 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.5", "source": "בְּרוֹשִׁ֤ים מִשְּׂנִיר֙ בָּ֣נוּ לָ֔ךְ אֵ֖ת כָּל־לֻֽחֹתָ֑יִם אֶ֤רֶז מִלְּבָנוֹן֙ לָקָ֔חוּ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת תֹּ֖רֶן עָלָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "*bərôšîm* from-*Śənîr* *bānû* for-you [feminine] *ʾēt* all-*luḥōtāyim* *ʾerez* from-*Ləbānôn* *lāqāḥû* *laʿăśôt* *tōren* upon-you [feminine]", "grammar": { "*bərôšîm*": "masculine plural - cypress/fir trees", "*Śənîr*": "proper noun - Senir (Mount Hermon)", "*bānû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they built", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*luḥōtāyim*": "dual form - planks/boards", "*ʾerez*": "masculine singular - cedar", "*Ləbānôn*": "proper noun - Lebanon", "*lāqāḥû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they took", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to make", "*tōren*": "masculine singular - mast" }, "variants": { "*bərôšîm*": "cypresses/fir trees/junipers", "*luḥōtāyim*": "planks/boards/decks", "*tōren*": "mast/pole" } } 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.6", "source": "אַלּוֹנִים֙ מִבָּשָׁ֔ן עָשׂ֖וּ מִשּׁוֹטָ֑יִךְ קַרְשֵׁ֤ךְ עָֽשׂוּ־שֵׁן֙ בַּת־אֲשֻׁרִ֔ים מֵאִיֵּ֖י כִּתִּיִּֽים׃", "text": "*ʾallônîm* from-*Bāšān* *ʿāśû* *miššôṭāyik* *qaršēk* *ʿāśû*-*šēn* *bat*-*ʾăšurîm* from-*ʾiyyê* *Kittiyyîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾallônîm*": "masculine plural - oaks", "*Bāšān*": "proper noun - Bashan", "*ʿāśû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they made", "*miššôṭāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your oars", "*qaršēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your deck/planking", "*šēn*": "feminine singular - ivory", "*bat*": "construct state, feminine singular - daughter of", "*ʾăšurîm*": "masculine plural - box trees/cypresses/ascenders", "*ʾiyyê*": "construct state, masculine plural - islands/coastlands of", "*Kittiyyîm*": "proper noun - Kittim (Cyprus/Mediterranean islands)" }, "variants": { "*ʾallônîm*": "oaks/oak trees", "*miššôṭāyik*": "your oars/rowing equipment", "*qaršēk*": "your deck/planking/bench", "*bat-ʾăšurîm*": "daughter of boxwood/cypress/inlaid in boxwood" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.7", "source": "שֵׁשׁ־בְּרִקְמָ֤ה מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ הָיָ֣ה מִפְרָשֵׂ֔ךְ לִהְי֥וֹת לָ֖ךְ לְנֵ֑ס תְּכֵ֧לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָ֛ן מֵאִיֵּ֥י אֱלִישָׁ֖ה הָיָ֥ה מְכַסֵּֽךְ׃", "text": "*šēš*-*bəriqmāh* from-*Miṣrayim* *hāyāh* *miprāśēk* *lihyôt* for-you [feminine] for-*nēs* *təkēlet* and-*ʾargāmān* from-*ʾiyyê* *ʾĔlîšāh* *hāyāh* *məkassēk*", "grammar": { "*šēš*": "masculine singular - fine linen", "*bəriqmāh*": "feminine singular - embroidery/multicolored", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*hāyāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/became", "*miprāśēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sail", "*lihyôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to be", "*nēs*": "masculine singular - standard/banner/sail", "*təkēlet*": "feminine singular - blue/purple", "*ʾargāmān*": "masculine singular - purple", "*ʾiyyê*": "construct state, masculine plural - islands/coastlands of", "*ʾĔlîšāh*": "proper noun - Elishah", "*məkassēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your covering/awning" }, "variants": { "*šēš-bəriqmāh*": "embroidered fine linen/linen with embroidery", "*miprāśēk*": "your sail/canvas", "*nēs*": "banner/standard/ensign/signal", "*təkēlet*": "blue-purple/blue dye/blue material", "*ʾargāmān*": "purple/reddish-purple", "*məkassēk*": "your covering/awning/deck covering" } } 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.8", "source": "יֹשְׁבֵ֤י צִידוֹן֙ וְאַרְוַ֔ד הָי֥וּ שָׁטִ֖ים לָ֑ךְ חֲכָמַ֤יִךְ צוֹר֙ הָ֣יוּ בָ֔ךְ הֵ֖מָּה חֹבְלָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "*yōšəbê* *Ṣîdôn* and-*ʾArwad* *hāyû* *šāṭîm* for-you [feminine]; *ḥăkāmayik* *Ṣôr* *hāyû* in-you [feminine] they [were] *ḥōbəlāyik*", "grammar": { "*yōšəbê*": "construct state, masculine plural participle - inhabitants of", "*Ṣîdôn*": "proper noun - Sidon", "*ʾArwad*": "proper noun - Arvad", "*hāyû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they were", "*šāṭîm*": "masculine plural participle - rowers", "*ḥăkāmayik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wise men", "*Ṣôr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*ḥōbəlāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your pilots/mariners" }, "variants": { "*yōšəbê*": "inhabitants/dwellers/citizens of", "*šāṭîm*": "rowers/oarsmen", "*ḥăkāmayik*": "your wise men/skilled ones", "*ḥōbəlāyik*": "your pilots/mariners/captains" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.9", "source": "זִקְנֵ֨י גְבַ֤ל וַחֲכָמֶ֙יהָ֙ הָ֣יוּ בָ֔ךְ מַחֲזִיקֵ֖י בִּדְקֵ֑ךְ כָּל־אֳנִיּ֨וֹת הַיָּ֤ם וּמַלָּֽחֵיהֶם֙ הָ֣יוּ בָ֔ךְ לַעֲרֹ֖ב מַעֲרָבֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*ziqnê* *Gəbal* and-*ḥăkāmeyhā* *hāyû* in-you [feminine] *maḥăzîqê* *bidqēk*; all-*ʾŏniyyôt* the-*yām* and-*mallāḥêhem* *hāyû* in-you [feminine] *laʿărōb* *maʿărābēk*", "grammar": { "*ziqnê*": "construct state, masculine plural - elders of", "*Gəbal*": "proper noun - Gebal/Byblos", "*ḥăkāmeyhā*": "masculine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her wise men", "*hāyû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they were", "*maḥăzîqê*": "construct state, masculine plural participle - strengtheners of/repairers of", "*bidqēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your breaches/cracks", "*ʾŏniyyôt*": "feminine plural - ships", "*yām*": "masculine singular - sea", "*mallāḥêhem*": "masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sailors", "*laʿărōb*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to exchange/barter", "*maʿărābēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchandise" }, "variants": { "*ziqnê*": "elders/senior officials of", "*maḥăzîqê bidqēk*": "repairers of your leaks/caulkers/maintainers", "*mallāḥêhem*": "their sailors/mariners/seamen", "*laʿărōb*": "to exchange/to trade/to barter", "*maʿărābēk*": "your merchandise/wares/goods" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.10", "source": "פָּרַ֨ס וְל֤וּד וּפוּט֙ הָי֣וּ בְחֵילֵ֔ךְ אַנְשֵׁ֖י מִלְחַמְתֵּ֑ךְ מָגֵ֤ן וְכוֹבַע֙ תִּלּוּ־בָ֔ךְ הֵ֖מָּה נָתְנ֥וּ הֲדָרֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*Pāras* and-*Lûd* and-*Pûṭ* *hāyû* in-*ḥêlēk* *ʾanšê* *milḥamtēk* *māgēn* and-*kôbaʿ* *tillû*-in-you [feminine] they *nātnû* *hădārēk*", "grammar": { "*Pāras*": "proper noun - Persia", "*Lûd*": "proper noun - Lud/Lydia", "*Pûṭ*": "proper noun - Put/Libya", "*hāyû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they were", "*ḥêlēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your army", "*ʾanšê*": "construct state, masculine plural - men of", "*milḥamtēk*": "feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your war/battle", "*māgēn*": "masculine singular - shield", "*kôbaʿ*": "masculine singular - helmet", "*tillû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they hung", "*nātnû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they gave", "*hădārēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your splendor" }, "variants": { "*ḥêlēk*": "your army/forces/military", "*ʾanšê milḥamtēk*": "your men of war/warriors/soldiers", "*tillû*": "they hung/suspended/displayed", "*hădārēk*": "your splendor/majesty/glory" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.11", "source": "בְּנֵ֧י אַרְוַ֣ד וְחֵילֵ֗ךְ עַל־חוֹמוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ סָבִ֔יב וְגַ֨מָּדִ֔ים בְּמִגְדְּלוֹתַ֖יִךְ הָי֑וּ שִׁלְטֵיהֶ֞ם תִּלּ֤וּ עַל־חוֹמוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ סָבִ֔יב הֵ֖מָּה כָּלְל֥וּ יָפְיֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*bənê* *ʾArwad* and-*ḥêlēk* on-*ḥômôtayik* around, and-*gammādîm* in-*migdəlôtayik* *hāyû*; *šilṭêhem* *tillû* on-*ḥômôtayik* around, they *kāləlû* *yopyēk*", "grammar": { "*bənê*": "construct state, masculine plural - sons of", "*ʾArwad*": "proper noun - Arvad", "*ḥêlēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your army", "*ḥômôtayik*": "feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your walls", "*gammādîm*": "masculine plural - warriors/valiant men", "*migdəlôtayik*": "feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your towers", "*hāyû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they were", "*šilṭêhem*": "masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their shields", "*tillû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they hung", "*kāləlû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they perfected/completed", "*yopyēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your beauty" }, "variants": { "*bənê*": "sons/men/people of", "*gammādîm*": "warriors/valiant men/Gammadites", "*šilṭêhem*": "their shields/bucklers/weapons", "*kāləlû*": "perfected/completed/made perfect" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.12", "source": "תַּרְשִׁ֥ישׁ סֹחַרְתֵּ֖ךְ מֵרֹ֣ב כָּל־ה֑וֹן בְּכֶ֤סֶף בַּרְזֶל֙ בְּדִ֣יל וְעוֹפֶ֔רֶת נָתְנ֖וּ עִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "*Taršîš* *sōḥartēk* from-*rōb* all-*hôn*; with-*kesep* *barzel* *bədîl* and-*ʿôperet* *nātnû* *ʿizbônāyik*", "grammar": { "*Taršîš*": "proper noun - Tarshish", "*sōḥartēk*": "feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchant", "*rōb*": "masculine singular - abundance/multitude", "*hôn*": "masculine singular - wealth/riches", "*kesep*": "masculine singular - silver", "*barzel*": "masculine singular - iron", "*bədîl*": "masculine singular - tin", "*ʿôperet*": "feminine singular - lead", "*nātnû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they gave", "*ʿizbônāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wares" }, "variants": { "*sōḥartēk*": "your merchant/trader/customer", "*rōb*": "abundance/multitude/greatness", "*hôn*": "wealth/riches/goods", "*ʿizbônāyik*": "your wares/merchandise/goods" } } 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.13", "source": "יָוָ֤ן תֻּבַל֙ וָמֶ֔שֶׁךְ הֵ֖מָּה רֹֽכְלָ֑יִךְ בְּנֶ֤פֶשׁ אָדָם֙ וּכְלֵ֣י נְחֹ֔שֶׁת נָתְנ֖וּ מַעֲרָבֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*Yāwān* *Tubal* and-*Mešek* they [were] *rōkəlāyik*; with-*nepeš* *ʾādām* and-*kəlê* *nəḥōšet* *nātnû* *maʿărābēk*", "grammar": { "*Yāwān*": "proper noun - Javan/Greece", "*Tubal*": "proper noun - Tubal", "*Mešek*": "proper noun - Meshech", "*rōkəlāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchants", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular - soul/person", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular - man/mankind", "*kəlê*": "construct state, masculine plural - vessels/implements of", "*nəḥōšet*": "feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*nātnû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they gave", "*maʿărābēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchandise" }, "variants": { "*rōkəlāyik*": "your merchants/traders", "*nepeš ʾādām*": "souls of men/human lives/slaves", "*kəlê nəḥōšet*": "vessels of bronze/copper implements/bronze articles", "*maʿărābēk*": "your merchandise/wares/goods" } } 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.14", "source": "מִבֵּ֖ית תּוֹגַרְמָ֑ה סוּסִ֤ים וּפָֽרָשִׁים֙ וּפְרָדִ֔ים נָתְנ֖וּ עִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "From-*bêt* *Tôgarmāh* *sûsîm* and-*pārāšîm* and-*pərādîm* *nātnû* *ʿizbônāyik*", "grammar": { "*bêt*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*Tôgarmāh*": "proper noun - Togarmah", "*sûsîm*": "masculine plural - horses", "*pārāšîm*": "masculine plural - horsemen/steeds", "*pərādîm*": "masculine plural - mules", "*nātnû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they gave", "*ʿizbônāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wares" }, "variants": { "*bêt Tôgarmāh*": "house of Togarmah/Beth Togarmah/nation of Togarmah", "*pārāšîm*": "horsemen/cavalry horses/steeds", "*ʿizbônāyik*": "your wares/merchandise/goods" } } 15 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.15", "source": "בְּנֵ֤י דְדָן֙ רֹֽכְלַ֔יִךְ אִיִּ֥ים רַבִּ֖ים סְחֹרַ֣ת יָדֵ֑ךְ קַרְנ֥וֹת שֵׁן֙ וְהָבְנִ֔ים הֵשִׁ֖יבוּ אֶשְׁכָּרֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*bənê* *Dədān* *rōkəlayik* *ʾiyyîm* many *səḥōrat* *yādēk*; *qarnôt* *šēn* and-*hābnîm* *hēšîbû* *ʾeškārēk*", "grammar": { "*bənê*": "construct state, masculine plural - sons of", "*Dədān*": "proper noun - Dedan", "*rōkəlayik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchants", "*ʾiyyîm*": "masculine plural - islands/coastlands", "*səḥōrat*": "construct state, feminine singular - merchandise of", "*yādēk*": "feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your hand", "*qarnôt*": "construct state, feminine plural - horns of", "*šēn*": "feminine singular - ivory/tooth", "*hābnîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - ebony/black wood", "*hēšîbû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - they returned/brought back", "*ʾeškārēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your payment" }, "variants": { "*bənê*": "sons/men/people of", "*səḥōrat yādēk*": "merchandise of your hand/trade under your control", "*qarnôt šēn*": "horns of ivory/ivory tusks", "*hābnîm*": "ebony/black wood", "*hēšîbû*": "they returned/brought back/paid", "*ʾeškārēk*": "your payment/tribute/present" } } 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.16", "source": "אֲרָ֥ם סֹחַרְתֵּ֖ךְ מֵרֹ֣ב מַעֲשָׂ֑יִךְ בְּ֠נֹפֶךְ אַרְגָּמָ֨ן וְרִקְמָ֤ה וּבוּץ֙ וְרָאמֹ֣ת וְכַדְכֹּ֔ד נָתְנ֖וּ בְּעִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "*ʾĂrām* *sōḥartēk* from-*rōb* *maʿăśāyik*; with-*nōpek* *ʾargāmān* and-*riqmāh* and-*bûṣ* and-*rāʾmōt* and-*kadkōd* *nātnû* in-*ʿizbônāyik*", "grammar": { "*ʾĂrām*": "proper noun - Aram/Syria", "*sōḥartēk*": "feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchant", "*rōb*": "masculine singular - abundance/multitude", "*maʿăśāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your works/products", "*nōpek*": "masculine singular - turquoise/emerald", "*ʾargāmān*": "masculine singular - purple", "*riqmāh*": "feminine singular - embroidery/multicolored fabric", "*bûṣ*": "masculine singular - fine linen", "*rāʾmōt*": "feminine plural - coral/precious stones", "*kadkōd*": "masculine singular - ruby/precious stone", "*nātnû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they gave", "*ʿizbônāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wares" }, "variants": { "*sōḥartēk*": "your merchant/trader/customer", "*maʿăśāyik*": "your works/products/handiwork", "*nōpek*": "turquoise/emerald/precious stone", "*rāʾmōt*": "coral/precious stones", "*kadkōd*": "ruby/jasper/precious stone" } } 17 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.17", "source": "יְהוּדָה֙ וְאֶ֣רֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הֵ֖מָּה רֹכְלָ֑יִךְ בְּחִטֵּ֣י מִ֠נִּית וּפַנַּ֨ג וּדְבַ֤שׁ וָשֶׁ֙מֶן֙ וָצֹ֔רִי נָתְנ֖וּ מַעֲרָבֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*Yəhûdāh* and-*ʾereṣ* *Yiśrāʾēl* they [were] *rōkəlāyik*; with-*ḥiṭṭê* *Minnît* and-*pannag* and-*dəbaš* and-*šemen* and-*ṣorî* *nātnû* *maʿărābēk*", "grammar": { "*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ʾereṣ*": "construct state, feminine singular - land of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*rōkəlāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchants", "*ḥiṭṭê*": "construct state, feminine plural - wheat of", "*Minnît*": "proper noun - Minnith", "*pannag*": "masculine singular - pastry/confection/sweet food", "*dəbaš*": "masculine singular - honey", "*šemen*": "masculine singular - oil", "*ṣorî*": "masculine singular - balm", "*nātnû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they gave", "*maʿărābēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchandise" }, "variants": { "*ḥiṭṭê Minnît*": "wheat of Minnith/Minnith wheat", "*pannag*": "pastry/confection/sweet food/spice", "*dəbaš*": "honey/syrup", "*šemen*": "oil/olive oil", "*ṣorî*": "balm/resin" } } 18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.18", "source": "דַּמֶּ֧שֶׂק סֹחַרְתֵּ֛ךְ בְּרֹ֥ב מַעֲשַׂ֖יִךְ מֵרֹ֣ב כָּל־ה֑וֹן בְּיֵ֥ין חֶלְבּ֖וֹן וְצֶ֥מֶר צָֽחַר׃", "text": "*Dammeśeq* *sōḥartēk* with-*rōb* *maʿăśayik* from-*rōb* all-*hôn*; with-*yên* *Ḥelbôn* and-*ṣemer* *ṣāḥar*", "grammar": { "*Dammeśeq*": "proper noun - Damascus", "*sōḥartēk*": "feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchant", "*rōb*": "masculine singular - abundance/multitude", "*maʿăśayik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your works/products", "*hôn*": "masculine singular - wealth/riches", "*yên*": "construct state, masculine singular - wine of", "*Ḥelbôn*": "proper noun - Helbon", "*ṣemer*": "masculine singular - wool", "*ṣāḥar*": "masculine singular - white/bright" }, "variants": { "*sōḥartēk*": "your merchant/trader/customer", "*maʿăśayik*": "your works/products/handiwork", "*hôn*": "wealth/riches/goods", "*yên Ḥelbôn*": "wine of Helbon/Helbon wine", "*ṣemer ṣāḥar*": "white wool/bright wool" } } 19 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.19", "source": "וְדָ֤ן וְיָוָן֙ מְאוּזָּ֔ל בְּעִזְבוֹנַ֖יִךְ נָתָ֑נּוּ בַּרְזֶ֤ל עָשׁוֹת֙ קִדָּ֣ה וְקָנֶ֔ה בְּמַעֲרָבֵ֖ךְ הָיָֽה׃", "text": "And-*Dān* and-*Yāwān* from-*ʾûzzāl* in-*ʿizbônayik* *nātānnû*; *barzel* *ʿāšôt* *qiddāh* and-*qāneh* in-*maʿărābēk* *hāyāh*", "grammar": { "*Dān*": "proper noun - Dan", "*Yāwān*": "proper noun - Javan/Greece", "*ʾûzzāl*": "proper noun - Uzal", "*ʿizbônayik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wares", "*nātānnû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they gave", "*barzel*": "masculine singular - iron", "*ʿāšôt*": "feminine singular/passive participle - wrought/manufactured", "*qiddāh*": "feminine singular - cassia/spice", "*qāneh*": "masculine singular - cane/calamus", "*maʿărābēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchandise", "*hāyāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/became" }, "variants": { "*ʾûzzāl*": "Uzal/Yemen", "*ʿāšôt*": "wrought/manufactured/prepared", "*qiddāh*": "cassia/spice", "*qāneh*": "cane/calamus/aromatic reed" } } 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.20", "source": "דְּדָן֙ רֹֽכַלְתֵּ֔ךְ בְבִגְדֵי־חֹ֖פֶשׁ לְרִכְבָּֽה׃", "text": "*Dədān* *rōkaltēk* in-*bigdê*-*ḥōpeš* *lərikbāh*", "grammar": { "*Dədān*": "proper noun - Dedan", "*rōkaltēk*": "feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchant", "*bigdê*": "construct state, masculine plural - clothes of", "*ḥōpeš*": "masculine singular - freedom/leisure/finery", "*lərikbāh*": "preposition + feminine singular - for riding/for chariots" }, "variants": { "*rōkaltēk*": "your merchant/trader", "*bigdê-ḥōpeš*": "clothes of freedom/valuable garments/fancy clothes", "*lərikbāh*": "for riding/for saddles/for chariots" } } 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.21", "source": "עֲרַב֙ וְכָל־נְשִׂיאֵ֣י קֵדָ֔ר הֵ֖מָּה סֹחֲרֵ֣י יָדֵ֑ךְ בְּכָרִ֤ים וְאֵילִים֙ וְעַתּוּדִ֔ים בָּ֖ם סֹחֲרָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "*ʿĂrab* and-all-*nəśîʾê* *Qēdār* they [were] *sōḥărê* *yādēk*; with-*kārîm* and-*ʾêlîm* and-*ʿattûdîm* with-them *sōḥărāyik*", "grammar": { "*ʿĂrab*": "proper noun - Arabia", "*nəśîʾê*": "construct state, masculine plural - princes/chieftains of", "*Qēdār*": "proper noun - Kedar", "*sōḥărê*": "construct state, masculine plural participle - merchants of", "*yādēk*": "feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your hand", "*kārîm*": "masculine plural - lambs", "*ʾêlîm*": "masculine plural - rams", "*ʿattûdîm*": "masculine plural - he-goats", "*sōḥărāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchants" }, "variants": { "*nəśîʾê*": "princes/chieftains/leaders of", "*sōḥărê yādēk*": "merchants of your hand/traders under your control", "*ʿattûdîm*": "he-goats/male goats" } } 22 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.22", "source": "רֹכְלֵ֤י שְׁבָא֙ וְרַעְמָ֔ה הֵ֖מָּה רֹכְלָ֑יִךְ בְּרֹ֨אשׁ כָּל־בֹּ֜שֶׂם וּבְכָל־אֶ֤בֶן יְקָרָה֙ וְזָהָ֔ב נָתְנ֖וּ עִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "*rōkəlê* *Šəbāʾ* and-*Raʿmāh* they [were] *rōkəlāyik*; with-*rōʾš* all-*bōśem* and-with-all-*ʾeben* *yəqārāh* and-*zāhāb* *nātnû* *ʿizbônāyik*", "grammar": { "*rōkəlê*": "construct state, masculine plural participle - merchants of", "*Šəbāʾ*": "proper noun - Sheba", "*Raʿmāh*": "proper noun - Raamah", "*rōkəlāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchants", "*rōʾš*": "construct state, masculine singular - chief/finest of", "*bōśem*": "masculine singular - spice/balsam", "*ʾeben*": "construct state, feminine singular - stone of", "*yəqārāh*": "feminine singular - precious", "*zāhāb*": "masculine singular - gold", "*nātnû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they gave", "*ʿizbônāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wares" }, "variants": { "*rōʾš kol-bōśem*": "chief of all spices/finest spices", "*ʾeben yəqārāh*": "precious stone/jewel" } } 23 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.23", "source": "חָרָ֤ן וְכַנֵּה֙ וָעֶ֔דֶן רֹכְלֵ֖י שְׁבָ֑א אַשּׁ֖וּר כִּלְמַ֥ד רֹכַלְתֵּֽךְ׃", "text": "*Ḥārān* and-*Kannēh* and-*ʿEden* *rōkəlê* *Šəbāʾ*; *ʾAššûr* *Kilmad* *rōkaltēk*", "grammar": { "*Ḥārān*": "proper noun - Haran", "*Kannēh*": "proper noun - Canneh", "*ʿEden*": "proper noun - Eden", "*rōkəlê*": "construct state, masculine plural participle - merchants of", "*Šəbāʾ*": "proper noun - Sheba", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*Kilmad*": "proper noun - Chilmad", "*rōkaltēk*": "feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchant" }, "variants": { "*rōkəlê Šəbāʾ*": "merchants of Sheba/Sheba traders" } } 24 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.24", "source": "הֵ֤מָּה רֹכְלַ֙יִךְ֙ בְּמַכְלֻלִ֔ים בִּגְלוֹמֵי֙ תְּכֵ֣לֶת וְרִקְמָ֔ה וּבְגִנְזֵ֖י בְּרֹמִ֑ים בַּחֲבָלִ֧ים חֲבֻשִׁ֛ים וַאֲרֻזִ֖ים בְּמַרְכֻלְתֵּֽךְ׃", "text": "They [were] *rōkəlayik* with-*maklulîm*, with-*gəlômê* *təkēlet* and-*riqmāh*, and-with-*ginzê* *bərōmîm*, with-*ḥăbālîm* *ḥăbušîm* and-*ʾăruzîm* in-*markultēk*", "grammar": { "*rōkəlayik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchants", "*maklulîm*": "masculine plural - perfect items/expensive goods", "*gəlômê*": "construct state, masculine plural - cloaks/wrappings of", "*təkēlet*": "feminine singular - blue/purple", "*riqmāh*": "feminine singular - embroidery/multicolored fabric", "*ginzê*": "construct state, masculine plural - treasures of", "*bərōmîm*": "masculine plural - rich/colorful fabrics", "*ḥăbālîm*": "masculine plural - ropes/cords", "*ḥăbušîm*": "masculine plural passive participle - bound/wrapped", "*ʾăruzîm*": "masculine plural passive participle - cedared/packed firmly", "*markultēk*": "feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your market/trading place" }, "variants": { "*maklulîm*": "perfect items/expensive goods/finery", "*gəlômê*": "cloaks of/wrappings of/garments of", "*ginzê*": "treasures of/chests of", "*bərōmîm*": "rich clothes/colorful fabrics/variegated cloth", "*ḥăbušîm*": "bound/wrapped/tied", "*ʾăruzîm*": "cedared/firmly packed/sturdy", "*markultēk*": "your market/trading place/merchandise" } } 25 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.25", "source": "אֳנִיּ֣וֹת תַּרְשִׁ֔ישׁ שָׁרוֹתַ֖יִךְ מַעֲרָבֵ֑ךְ וַתִּמָּלְאִ֧י וַֽתִּכְבְּדִ֛י מְאֹ֖ד בְּלֵ֥ב־יַמִּֽים׃", "text": "*ʾŏniyyôt* *Taršîš* *šārôtayik* *maʿărābēk*; and-*timmālʾî* and-*tikbədî* *məʾōd* in-*lēb*-*yammîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾŏniyyôt*": "construct state, feminine plural - ships of", "*Taršîš*": "proper noun - Tarshish", "*šārôtayik*": "feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your caravans/trading fleets", "*maʿărābēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchandise", "*timmālʾî*": "niphal consecutive imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you were filled", "*tikbədî*": "qal consecutive imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you were honored/became weighty", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*lēb*": "construct state, masculine singular - heart of", "*yammîm*": "masculine plural - seas" }, "variants": { "*ʾŏniyyôt Taršîš*": "ships of Tarshish/Tarshish ships/ocean-going vessels", "*šārôtayik*": "your caravans/trading fleets/carriers", "*timmālʾî*": "you were filled/became full", "*tikbədî*": "you were honored/became weighty/were glorious", "*lēb-yammîm*": "heart of the seas/midst of the seas/deep waters" } } 26 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.26", "source": "בְּמַ֤יִם רַבִּים֙ הֱבִיא֔וּךְ הַשָּׁטִ֖ים אֹתָ֑ךְ ר֚וּחַ הַקָּדִ֔ים שְׁבָרֵ֖ךְ בְּלֵ֥ב יַמִּֽים׃", "text": "In-*mayim* *rabbîm* *hēbîʾûk* the-*šāṭîm* you [object]; *rûaḥ* the-*qādîm* *šəbārēk* in-*lēb* *yammîm*", "grammar": { "*mayim*": "masculine plural - waters", "*rabbîm*": "masculine plural - many/great", "*hēbîʾûk*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - they brought you", "*šāṭîm*": "definite article + masculine plural participle - the rowers", "*rûaḥ*": "feminine singular - wind/spirit", "*qādîm*": "definite article + masculine singular - east", "*šəbārēk*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - it broke you", "*lēb*": "masculine singular - heart", "*yammîm*": "masculine plural - seas" }, "variants": { "*mayim rabbîm*": "many waters/great waters/deep waters", "*hēbîʾûk*": "they brought you/carried you", "*rûaḥ ha-qādîm*": "east wind/eastern wind", "*šəbārēk*": "broke you/wrecked you/shattered you", "*lēb yammîm*": "heart of the seas/midst of the seas/deep waters" } } 27 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.27", "source": "הוֹנֵךְ֙ וְעִזְבוֹנַ֔יִךְ מַעֲרָבֵ֕ךְ מַלָּחַ֖יִךְ וְחֹבְלָ֑יִךְ מַחֲזִיקֵ֣י בִדְקֵ֣ך וְֽעֹרְבֵ֣י מַ֠עֲרָבֵךְ וְכָל־אַנְשֵׁ֨י מִלְחַמְתֵּ֜ךְ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֗ךְ וּבְכָל־קְהָלֵךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּתוֹכֵ֔ךְ יִפְּלוּ֙ בְּלֵ֣ב יַמִּ֔ים בְּי֖וֹם מַפַּלְתֵּֽךְ׃", "text": "*hônēk* and-*ʿizbônayik*, *maʿărābēk*, *mallāḥayik* and-*ḥōbəlāyik*, *maḥăzîqê* *bidqēk* and-*ʿōrəbê* *maʿărābēk*, and-all-*ʾanšê* *milḥamtēk* who-in-you [feminine], and-in-all-*qəhālēk* which [is] in-*tôkēk*, *yippəlû* in-*lēb* *yammîm* in-*yôm* *mappaltēk*", "grammar": { "*hônēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wealth", "*ʿizbônayik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wares", "*maʿărābēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchandise", "*mallāḥayik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your sailors", "*ḥōbəlāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your pilots", "*maḥăzîqê*": "construct state, masculine plural participle - repairers of", "*bidqēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your breaches", "*ʿōrəbê*": "construct state, masculine plural participle - exchangers of", "*ʾanšê*": "construct state, masculine plural - men of", "*milḥamtēk*": "feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your war/battle", "*qəhālēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your assembly", "*tôkēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your midst", "*yippəlû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they will fall", "*lēb*": "masculine singular - heart", "*yammîm*": "masculine plural - seas", "*yôm*": "masculine singular - day", "*mappaltēk*": "feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your fall/ruin" }, "variants": { "*maḥăzîqê bidqēk*": "repairers of your breaches/caulkers/maintainers", "*ʿōrəbê maʿărābēk*": "exchangers of your merchandise/traders/merchants", "*ʾanšê milḥamtēk*": "men of your war/warriors/soldiers", "*qəhālēk*": "your assembly/company/crowd", "*yippəlû*": "they will fall/collapse/go down", "*mappaltēk*": "your fall/downfall/ruin" } } 28 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.28", "source": "לְק֖וֹל זַעֲקַ֣ת חֹבְלָ֑יִךְ יִרְעֲשׁ֖וּ מִגְרֹשֽׁוֹת׃", "text": "At-*qôl* *zaʿăqat* *ḥōbəlāyik* *yirʿăšû* *migrōšôt*", "grammar": { "*qôl*": "masculine singular - sound/voice", "*zaʿăqat*": "construct state, feminine singular - cry of", "*ḥōbəlāyik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your pilots", "*yirʿăšû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they will shake/tremble", "*migrōšôt*": "feminine plural - open lands/suburbs/pasturelands" }, "variants": { "*qôl zaʿăqat*": "sound of the cry/noise of the wailing", "*yirʿăšû*": "they will shake/tremble/quake", "*migrōšôt*": "open lands/suburbs/coastlands/shore regions" } } 29 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.29", "source": "וְֽיָרְד֞וּ מֵאָנִיּֽוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם כֹּ֚ל תֹּפְשֵׂ֣י מָשׁ֔וֹט מַלָּחִ֕ים כֹּ֖ל חֹבְלֵ֣י הַיָּ֑ם אֶל־הָאָ֖רֶץ יַעֲמֹֽדוּ׃", "text": "And-*yārədû* from-*ʾŏniyyôtêhem* all *tōpəśê* *māšôṭ*, *mallāḥîm*, all *ḥōbəlê* the-*yām*; to-the-*ʾāreṣ* *yaʿămōdû*", "grammar": { "*yārədû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they will come down", "*ʾŏniyyôtêhem*": "feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their ships", "*tōpəśê*": "construct state, masculine plural participle - handlers of", "*māšôṭ*": "masculine singular - oar", "*mallāḥîm*": "masculine plural - sailors", "*ḥōbəlê*": "construct state, masculine plural participle - pilots of", "*yām*": "masculine singular - sea", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular - land/earth", "*yaʿămōdû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they will stand" }, "variants": { "*yārədû*": "they will come down/disembark/descend", "*tōpəśê māšôṭ*": "handlers of oar/oarsmen", "*ḥōbəlê ha-yām*": "pilots of the sea/mariners/captains" } } 30 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.30", "source": "וְהִשְׁמִ֤יעוּ עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ בְּקוֹלָ֔ם וְיִזְעֲק֖וּ מָרָ֑ה וְיַעֲל֤וּ עֽ͏ָפָר֙ עַל־רָ֣אשֵׁיהֶ֔ם בָּאֵ֖פֶר יִתְפַּלָּֽשׁוּ׃", "text": "And-*hišmîʿû* against-you [feminine] with-*qôlām*, and-*yizʿăqû* *mārāh*, and-*yaʿălû* *ʿāpār* upon-*rāʾšêhem*, in-the-*ʾēper* *yitpallāšû*", "grammar": { "*hišmîʿû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - they will cause to hear/sound", "*qôlām*": "masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their voice", "*yizʿăqû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they will cry out", "*mārāh*": "feminine singular - bitterly", "*yaʿălû*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd plural - they will bring up", "*ʿāpār*": "masculine singular - dust", "*rāʾšêhem*": "masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their heads", "*ʾēper*": "masculine singular - ashes", "*yitpallāšû*": "hithpael imperfect, 3rd plural - they will roll themselves" }, "variants": { "*hišmîʿû*": "they will cause to hear/raise/lift up", "*mārāh*": "bitterly/with bitterness", "*yitpallāšû*": "they will roll themselves/wallow" } } 31 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.31", "source": "וְהִקְרִ֤יחוּ אֵלַ֙יִךְ֙ קָרְחָ֔ה וְחָגְר֖וּ שַׂקִּ֑ים וּבָכ֥וּ אֵלַ֛יִךְ בְּמַר־נֶ֖פֶשׁ מִסְפֵּ֥ד מָֽר׃", "text": "And-*hiqrîḥû* to-you [feminine] *qorḥāh*, and-*ḥāgərû* *śaqqîm*, and-*bākû* to-you [feminine] with-*mar*-*nepeš* *mispēd* *mār*", "grammar": { "*hiqrîḥû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - they will make bald", "*qorḥāh*": "feminine singular - baldness", "*ḥāgərû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they will gird", "*śaqqîm*": "masculine plural - sackcloth", "*bākû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they will weep", "*mar*": "masculine singular - bitterness", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular - soul", "*mispēd*": "masculine singular - mourning/lamentation", "*mār*": "masculine singular - bitter" }, "variants": { "*hiqrîḥû qorḥāh*": "they will make baldness/shave their heads", "*ḥāgərû śaqqîm*": "they will gird sackcloth/wrap themselves in sackcloth", "*mar-nepeš*": "bitterness of soul/bitter soul/inner grief", "*mispēd mār*": "bitter lamentation/bitter mourning" } } 32 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.32", "source": "וְנָשְׂא֨וּ אֵלַ֤יִךְ בְּנִיהֶם֙ קִינָ֔ה וְקוֹנְנ֖וּ עָלָ֑יִךְ מִ֣י כְצ֔וֹר כְּדֻמָ֖ה בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּֽם׃", "text": "And-*nāśəʾû* to-you [feminine] in-*nîhem* *qînāh*, and-*qônənû* over-you [feminine]; who [is] like-*Ṣôr*, like-*dūmāh* in-*tôk* the-*yām*", "grammar": { "*nāśəʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they will lift up", "*nîhem*": "masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their wailing", "*qînāh*": "feminine singular - lamentation/dirge", "*qônənû*": "polel imperfect, 3rd plural - they will chant a dirge", "*Ṣôr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*dūmāh*": "feminine singular - silence/the silenced one", "*tôk*": "masculine singular - midst", "*yām*": "masculine singular - sea" }, "variants": { "*nāśəʾû*": "they will lift up/raise/take up", "*nîhem*": "their wailing/lament", "*qônənû*": "they will chant a dirge/lament", "*dūmāh*": "silence/one brought to silence/destroyed" } } 33 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.33", "source": "בְּצֵ֤את עִזְבוֹנַ֙יִךְ֙ מִיַּמִּ֔ים הִשְׂבַּ֖עַתְּ עַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים בְּרֹ֤ב הוֹנַ֙יִךְ֙ וּמַ֣עֲרָבַ֔יִךְ הֶעֱשַׁ֖רְתְּ מַלְכֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "When-*ṣēʾt* *ʿizbônayik* from-*yammîm* *hiśbaʿat* *ʿammîm* *rabbîm*; with-*rōb* *hônayik* and-*maʿărābayik* *heʿĕšart* *malkê*-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*ṣēʾt*": "construct infinitive - going out of", "*ʿizbônayik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wares", "*yammîm*": "masculine plural - seas", "*hiśbaʿat*": "hiphil perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you satisfied", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural - peoples", "*rabbîm*": "masculine plural - many", "*rōb*": "masculine singular - abundance", "*hônayik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wealth", "*maʿărābayik*": "masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchandise", "*heʿĕšart*": "hiphil perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you enriched", "*malkê*": "construct state, masculine plural - kings of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*ṣēʾt ʿizbônayik*": "going out of your wares/export of your goods", "*hiśbaʿat*": "you satisfied/sated/filled", "*heʿĕšart*": "you enriched/made wealthy", "*malkê-ʾāreṣ*": "kings of the earth/kings of the land" } } 34 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.34", "source": "עֵ֛ת נִשְׁבֶּ֥רֶת מִיַּמִּ֖ים בְּמַֽעֲמַקֵּי־מָ֑יִם מַעֲרָבֵ֥ךְ וְכָל־קְהָלֵ֖ךְ בְּתוֹכֵ֥ךְ נָפָֽלוּ׃", "text": "*ʿēt* *nišberet* from-*yammîm* in-*maʿămaqqê*-*māyim*; *maʿărābēk* and-all-*qəhālēk* in-*tôkēk* *nāpālû*", "grammar": { "*ʿēt*": "feminine singular - time", "*nišberet*": "niphal participle, feminine singular - broken", "*yammîm*": "masculine plural - seas", "*maʿămaqqê*": "construct state, masculine plural - depths of", "*māyim*": "masculine plural - waters", "*maʿărābēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your merchandise", "*qəhālēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your assembly", "*tôkēk*": "masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your midst", "*nāpālû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they fell" }, "variants": { "*nišberet*": "broken/wrecked/shattered", "*maʿămaqqê-māyim*": "depths of waters/deep waters", "*qəhālēk*": "your assembly/company/crowd" } } 35 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.35", "source": "כֹּ֚ל יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָאִיִּ֔ים שָׁמְמ֖וּ עָלָ֑יִךְ וּמַלְכֵיהֶם֙ שָׂ֣עֲרוּ שַׂ֔עַר רָעֲמ֖וּ פָּנִֽים׃", "text": "All *yōšəbê* the-*ʾiyyîm* *šāməmû* over-you [feminine]; and-*malkêhem* *śāʿărû* *śaʿar*, *rāʿămû* *pānîm*", "grammar": { "*yōšəbê*": "construct state, masculine plural participle - inhabitants of", "*ʾiyyîm*": "masculine plural - islands/coastlands", "*šāməmû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they were appalled", "*malkêhem*": "masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their kings", "*śāʿărû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they were horrified", "*śaʿar*": "masculine singular - horror", "*rāʿămû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they trembled", "*pānîm*": "masculine plural - faces" }, "variants": { "*yōšəbê ha-ʾiyyîm*": "inhabitants of the islands/coastland dwellers", "*šāməmû*": "they were appalled/astonished/devastated", "*śāʿărû śaʿar*": "they were horrified with horror/utterly horrified", "*rāʿămû pānîm*": "their faces trembled/faces were troubled" } } 36 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.27.36", "source": "סֹֽחֲרִים֙ בָּֽעַמִּ֔ים שָׁרְק֖וּ עָלָ֑יִךְ בַּלָּה֣וֹת הָיִ֔ית וְאֵינֵ֖ךְ עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*sōḥărîm* among-the-*ʿammîm* *šārəqû* over-you [feminine]; *ballāhôt* *hāyît* and-*ʾênēk* until-*ʿôlām*", "grammar": { "*sōḥărîm*": "masculine plural participle - merchants", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural - peoples", "*šārəqû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they hissed", "*ballāhôt*": "feminine plural - terrors/calamities", "*hāyît*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you were", "*ʾênēk*": "particle of negation + 2nd feminine singular suffix - you are not", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular - forever/eternity" }, "variants": { "*sōḥărîm*": "merchants/traders/businessmen", "*šārəqû*": "they hissed/whistled in derision", "*ballāhôt*": "terrors/calamities/sudden destruction", "*ʾênēk ʿad-ʿôlām*": "you are not forever/you will cease to exist forever" } } 1 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֥י דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה אֵלַ֥י לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* *dəḇar*-*YHWH* *ʾēlay* *lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it became/happened", "*dəḇar*": "construct state, masculine singular - word/speech of", "*YHWH*": "divine name, subject - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to say/saying" }, "variants": { "*dəḇar*": "word/speech/matter/thing", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say/as follows" } } 2 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.2", "source": "בֶּן־אָדָ֡ם אֱמֹר֩ לִנְגִ֨יד צֹ֜ר כֹּֽה־אָמַ֣ר ׀ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהֹוִ֗ה יַ֣עַן גָּבַ֤הּ לִבְּךָ֙ וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֵ֣ל אָ֔נִי מוֹשַׁ֧ב אֱלֹהִ֛ים יָשַׁ֖בְתִּי בְּלֵ֣ב יַמִּ֑ים וְאַתָּ֤ה אָדָם֙ וְֽלֹא־אֵ֔ל וַתִּתֵּ֥ן לִבְּךָ֖ כְּלֵ֥ב אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*ben*-*ʾādām* *ʾĕmōr* *li-nəḡîd* *ṣōr* *kōh*-*ʾāmar* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH* *yaʿan* *gāḇah* *libbəḵā* *wa-ttōʾmer* *ʾēl* *ʾānî* *môšaḇ* *ʾĕlōhîm* *yāšaḇtî* *bə-lēḇ* *yammîm* *wə-ʾattāh* *ʾāḏām* *wə-lōʾ*-*ʾēl* *wa-ttittēn* *libbəḵā* *kə-lēḇ* *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*ben*-*ʾādām*": "construct phrase, vocative - son of man", "*ʾĕmōr*": "qal imperative masculine singular - say/speak", "*li-nəḡîd*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - to the ruler/prince of", "*ṣōr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*kōh*-*ʾāmar*": "adverb + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - thus says", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because", "*gāḇah*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - is high/lifted up", "*libbəḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*wa-ttōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - and you say", "*ʾēl*": "noun masculine singular - god/deity", "*ʾānî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*môšaḇ*": "noun masculine singular construct - seat/dwelling of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - gods/God", "*yāšaḇtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I sit/dwell", "*bə-lēḇ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in the heart/midst of", "*yammîm*": "noun masculine plural - seas", "*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2nd masculine singular pronoun - but you", "*ʾāḏām*": "noun masculine singular - man/human", "*wə-lōʾ*-*ʾēl*": "conjunction + negative particle + noun - and not god", "*wa-ttittēn*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - and you set/make", "*libbəḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*kə-lēḇ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - like the heart of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - gods/God" }, "variants": { "*nəḡîd*": "ruler/prince/leader", "*gāḇah*": "is high/lifted up/exalted/proud", "*ʾēl*": "god/deity/mighty one", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God (singular meaning despite plural form)/gods/divine beings", "*lēḇ*": "heart/mind/inner self/will" } } 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.3", "source": "הִנֵּ֥ה חָכָ֛ם אַתָּ֖ה מִדָּֽנִיֵּ֑אל כָּל־סָת֖וּם לֹ֥א עֲמָמֽוּךָ׃", "text": "*hinnēh* *ḥāḵām* *ʾattāh* *mi-ddāniyyēʾl* *kol*-*sātûm* *lōʾ* *ʿămāmûḵā*", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/lo", "*ḥāḵām*": "adjective masculine singular - wise", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*mi-ddāniyyēʾl*": "preposition + proper noun - than Daniel", "*kol*-*sātûm*": "construct state, noun masculine singular + passive participle masculine singular - every secret thing", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿămāmûḵā*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - they have hidden from you" }, "variants": { "*ḥāḵām*": "wise/skillful/experienced", "*sātûm*": "hidden thing/secret/mystery", "*ʿămāmûḵā*": "they have hidden from you/they are too dark for you" } } 4 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.4", "source": "בְּחָכְמָֽתְךָ֙ וּבִתְבוּנָ֣תְךָ֔ עָשִׂ֥יתָ לְּךָ֖ חָ֑יִל וַתַּ֛עַשׂ זָהָ֥ב וָכֶ֖סֶף בְּאוֹצְרוֹתֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*bə-ḥoḵmātəḵā* *û-ḇi-tḇûnātəḵā* *ʿāśîtā* *ləḵā* *ḥāyil* *wa-ttaʿaś* *zāhāḇ* *wā-ḵesep̄* *bə-ʾôṣərôteḵā*", "grammar": { "*bə-ḥoḵmātəḵā*": "preposition + noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - by your wisdom", "*û-ḇi-tḇûnātəḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and by your understanding", "*ʿāśîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have made/gotten", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - for yourself", "*ḥāyil*": "noun masculine singular - wealth/might/strength", "*wa-ttaʿaś*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - and you have acquired", "*zāhāḇ*": "noun masculine singular - gold", "*wā-ḵesep̄*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and silver", "*bə-ʾôṣərôteḵā*": "preposition + noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your treasuries" }, "variants": { "*ḥoḵmāh*": "wisdom/skill", "*tḇûnāh*": "understanding/discernment/intelligence", "*ḥāyil*": "wealth/might/strength/army/force", "*ʾôṣərôt*": "treasuries/storehouses/treasures" } } 5 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.5", "source": "בְּרֹ֧ב חָכְמָתְךָ֛ בִּרְכֻלָּתְךָ֖ הִרְבִּ֣יתָ חֵילֶ֑ךָ וַיִּגְבַּ֥הּ לְבָבְךָ֖ בְּחֵילֶֽךָ׃ ס", "text": "*bə-rōḇ* *ḥoḵmātəḵā* *bi-rḵullātəḵā* *hirbîtā* *ḥêleḵā* *wa-yyiḡbah* *ləḇāḇəḵā* *bə-ḥêleḵā*", "grammar": { "*bə-rōḇ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - by greatness/abundance of", "*ḥoḵmātəḵā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your wisdom", "*bi-rḵullātəḵā*": "preposition + noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your trading/merchandise", "*hirbîtā*": "hiphil perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have increased/multiplied", "*ḥêleḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your wealth/might", "*wa-yyiḡbah*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it has become high/lifted up", "*ləḇāḇəḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*bə-ḥêleḵā*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - because of your wealth/might" }, "variants": { "*rōḇ*": "abundance/greatness/multitude", "*rḵullāh*": "trading/traffic/merchandise", "*ḥêl*": "wealth/might/strength/power", "*ləḇāḇ*": "heart/mind/inner being" } } 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.6", "source": "לָכֵ֕ן כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה יַ֛עַן תִּתְּךָ֥ אֶת־לְבָבְךָ֖ כְּלֵ֥ב אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*lāḵēn* *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH* *yaʿan* *tittəḵā* *ʾet*-*ləḇāḇəḵā* *kə-lēḇ* *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*lāḵēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - says", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because", "*tittəḵā*": "qal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your setting/making", "*ʾet*-*ləḇāḇəḵā*": "direct object marker + noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*kə-lēḇ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - like the heart of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - gods/God" }, "variants": { "*tittəḵā*": "your setting/making/placing", "*ləḇāḇ*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God (singular meaning despite plural form)/gods/divine beings" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.7", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן הִנְנִ֨י מֵבִ֤יא עָלֶ֙יךָ֙ זָרִ֔ים עָרִיצֵ֖י גּוֹיִ֑ם וְהֵרִ֤יקוּ חַרְבוֹתָם֙ עַל־יְפִ֣י חָכְמָתֶ֔ךָ וְחִלְּל֖וּ יִפְעָתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*lāḵēn* *hinənî* *mēḇîʾ* *ʿāleḵā* *zārîm* *ʿārîṣê* *gôyim* *wə-hērîqû* *ḥarḇôtām* *ʿal*-*yəp̄î* *ḥoḵmāteḵā* *wə-ḥillēlû* *yip̄ʿāteḵā*", "grammar": { "*lāḵēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*hinənî*": "interjection + 1st person singular suffix - behold me/I am", "*mēḇîʾ*": "hiphil participle masculine singular - bringing", "*ʿāleḵā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - against you", "*zārîm*": "adjective masculine plural - strangers/foreigners", "*ʿārîṣê*": "adjective masculine plural construct - terrible/ruthless ones of", "*gôyim*": "noun masculine plural - nations", "*wə-hērîqû*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 3rd common plural - and they will draw out/unsheathe", "*ḥarḇôtām*": "noun feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their swords", "*ʿal*-*yəp̄î*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - against the beauty of", "*ḥoḵmāteḵā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your wisdom", "*wə-ḥillēlû*": "conjunction + piel perfect 3rd common plural - and they will profane/defile", "*yip̄ʿāteḵā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your splendor" }, "variants": { "*zārîm*": "strangers/foreigners/enemies", "*ʿārîṣê*": "terrible/ruthless/violent ones of", "*hērîqû*": "they will draw/unsheathe/empty", "*yəp̄î*": "beauty/splendor/glory", "*ḥillēlû*": "they will profane/defile/pollute", "*yip̄ʿāteḵā*": "your splendor/brightness/beauty" } } 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.8", "source": "לַשַּׁ֖חַת יֽוֹרִד֑וּךָ וָמַ֛תָּה מְמוֹתֵ֥י חָלָ֖ל בְּלֵ֥ב יַמִּֽים׃", "text": "*la-ššaḥat* *yôrîḏûḵā* *wā-mattāh* *məmôtê* *ḥālāl* *bə-lēḇ* *yammîm*", "grammar": { "*la-ššaḥat*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - to the pit", "*yôrîḏûḵā*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - they will bring you down", "*wā-mattāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you will die", "*məmôtê*": "noun masculine plural construct - deaths of", "*ḥālāl*": "adjective masculine singular - slain/pierced", "*bə-lēḇ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in the heart/midst of", "*yammîm*": "noun masculine plural - seas" }, "variants": { "*šaḥat*": "pit/grave/destruction", "*məmôtê*": "deaths of/like those who die", "*ḥālāl*": "slain/pierced/wounded", "*lēḇ*": "heart/midst/center", "*yammîm*": "seas/ocean/waters" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.9", "source": "הֶאָמֹ֤ר תֹּאמַר֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אָ֔נִי לִפְנֵ֖י הֹֽרְגֶ֑ךָ וְאַתָּ֥ה אָדָ֛ם וְלֹא־אֵ֖ל בְּיַ֥ד מְחַלְלֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*he-ʾāmōr* *tōʾmar* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾānî* *li-p̄nê* *hōrḡeḵā* *wə-ʾattāh* *ʾāḏām* *wə-lōʾ*-*ʾēl* *bə-yaḏ* *məḥaləleḵā*", "grammar": { "*he-ʾāmōr*": "interrogative particle + qal infinitive absolute - will saying", "*tōʾmar*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you say", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - gods/God", "*ʾānî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*li-p̄nê*": "preposition + plural construct - before/in the presence of", "*hōrḡeḵā*": "qal participle + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your slayer", "*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2nd masculine singular pronoun - but you", "*ʾāḏām*": "noun masculine singular - man/human", "*wə-lōʾ*-*ʾēl*": "conjunction + negative particle + noun masculine singular - and not god", "*bə-yaḏ*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - in the hand of", "*məḥaləleḵā*": "piel participle masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - those who pierce/wound you" }, "variants": { "*he-ʾāmōr* *tōʾmar*": "will you indeed say/will you still say", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God (singular meaning despite plural form)/gods/divine beings", "*hōrḡeḵā*": "your slayer/killer", "*məḥaləleḵā*": "those who pierce/wound/profane you" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.10", "source": "מוֹתֵ֧י עֲרֵלִ֛ים תָּמ֖וּת בְּיַד־זָרִ֑ים כִּ֚י אֲנִ֣י דִבַּ֔רְתִּי נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃ ס", "text": "*môtê* *ʿărēlîm* *tāmût* *bə-yaḏ*-*zārîm* *kî* *ʾănî* *ḏibbartî* *nəʾum* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*môtê*": "noun masculine plural construct - deaths of", "*ʿărēlîm*": "adjective masculine plural - uncircumcised", "*tāmût*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will die", "*bə-yaḏ*-*zārîm*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct + adjective masculine plural - by the hand of foreigners", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*ḏibbartî*": "piel perfect 1st person singular - I have spoken", "*nəʾum*": "noun masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*môtê*": "deaths of/like those who die", "*ʿărēlîm*": "uncircumcised/foreigners", "*zārîm*": "foreigners/strangers/enemies", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle of" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.11", "source": "וַיְהִ֥י דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה אֵלַ֥י לֶאמֹֽר׃", "text": "*wa-yəhî* *ḏəḇar*-*YHWH* *ʾēlay* *lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it became/happened", "*ḏəḇar*-*YHWH*": "noun masculine singular construct + divine name - word of YHWH", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*ḏəḇar*": "word/speech/matter/thing", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say/as follows" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.12", "source": "בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם שָׂ֥א קִינָ֖ה עַל־מֶ֣לֶךְ צ֑וֹר וְאָמַ֣רְתָּ לּ֗וֹ כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה אַתָּה֙ חוֹתֵ֣ם תָּכְנִ֔ית מָלֵ֥א חָכְמָ֖ה וּכְלִ֥יל יֹֽפִי׃", "text": "*ben*-*ʾāḏām* *śāʾ* *qînāh* *ʿal*-*meleḵ* *ṣôr* *wə-ʾāmartā* *lô* *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH* *ʾattāh* *ḥôtēm* *toḵnît* *mālēʾ* *ḥoḵmāh* *û-ḵəlîl* *yōp̄î*", "grammar": { "*ben*-*ʾāḏām*": "construct phrase, vocative - son of man", "*śāʾ*": "qal imperative masculine singular - lift up/take up", "*qînāh*": "noun feminine singular - lamentation/dirge", "*ʿal*-*meleḵ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - over/concerning the king of", "*ṣôr*": "proper noun - Tyre", "*wə-ʾāmartā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you shall say", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - says", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*ḥôtēm*": "qal participle masculine singular construct - one sealing/seal of", "*toḵnît*": "noun feminine singular - measurement/pattern/perfection", "*mālēʾ*": "adjective masculine singular - full of", "*ḥoḵmāh*": "noun feminine singular - wisdom", "*û-ḵəlîl*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular construct - and perfect/complete in", "*yōp̄î*": "noun masculine singular - beauty" }, "variants": { "*qînāh*": "lamentation/dirge/funeral song", "*ḥôtēm*": "seal/signet/sealer", "*toḵnît*": "measurement/pattern/sum/perfection", "*ḵəlîl*": "perfect/complete/entire", "*yōp̄î*": "beauty/splendor" } } 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.13", "source": "בְּעֵ֨דֶן גַּן־אֱלֹהִ֜ים הָיִ֗יתָ כָּל־אֶ֨בֶן יְקָרָ֤ה מְסֻכָתֶ֙ךָ֙ אֹ֣דֶם פִּטְדָ֞ה וְיָהֲלֹ֗ם תַּרְשִׁ֥ישׁ שֹׁ֙הַם֙ וְיָ֣שְׁפֵ֔ה סַפִּ֣יר נֹ֔פֶךְ וּבָרְקַ֖ת וְזָהָ֑ב מְלֶ֨אכֶת תֻּפֶּ֤יךָ וּנְקָבֶ֙יךָ֙ בָּ֔ךְ בְּי֥וֹם הִבָּרַאֲךָ֖ כּוֹנָֽנוּ׃", "text": "*bə-ʿēḏen* *gan*-*ʾĕlōhîm* *hāyîtā* *kol*-*ʾeḇen* *yəqārāh* *məsuḵāteḵā* *ʾōḏem* *piṭḏāh* *wə-yahălōm* *taršîš* *šōham* *wə-yāšəp̄ēh* *sappîr* *nōp̄eḵ* *û-ḇārəqat* *wə-zāhāḇ* *məleʾḵet* *tuppeḵā* *û-nəqāḇeḵā* *bāḵ* *bə-yôm* *hibbārăʾăḵā* *kônānû*", "grammar": { "*bə-ʿēḏen*": "preposition + proper noun - in Eden", "*gan*-*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine singular construct + noun masculine plural - garden of God", "*hāyîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you were", "*kol*-*ʾeḇen*": "noun masculine singular construct + noun feminine singular - every stone", "*yəqārāh*": "adjective feminine singular - precious", "*məsuḵāteḵā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your covering", "*ʾōḏem*": "noun masculine singular - ruby/carnelian", "*piṭḏāh*": "noun feminine singular - topaz", "*wə-yahălōm*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and diamond/emerald", "*taršîš*": "noun masculine singular - beryl/chrysolite", "*šōham*": "noun masculine singular - onyx", "*wə-yāšəp̄ēh*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and jasper", "*sappîr*": "noun masculine singular - sapphire", "*nōp̄eḵ*": "noun masculine singular - turquoise/carbuncle", "*û-ḇārəqat*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular - and emerald/smaragd", "*wə-zāhāḇ*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and gold", "*məleʾḵet*": "noun feminine singular construct - workmanship of", "*tuppeḵā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your tambourines/settings", "*û-nəqāḇeḵā*": "conjunction + noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your pipes/sockets", "*bāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in you", "*bə-yôm*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in the day of", "*hibbārăʾăḵā*": "niphal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - you were created", "*kônānû*": "polal perfect 3rd common plural - they were prepared/established" }, "variants": { "*məsuḵāteḵā*": "your covering/setting", "*tuppeḵā*": "your settings/tambourines/timbrels", "*nəqāḇeḵā*": "your pipes/sockets/settings", "*kônānû*": "they were prepared/established/set up" } } 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.14", "source": "אַ֨תְּ־כְּר֔וּב מִמְשַׁ֖ח הַסּוֹכֵ֑ךְ וּנְתַתִּ֗יךָ בְּהַ֨ר קֹ֤דֶשׁ אֱלֹהִים֙ הָיִ֔יתָ בְּת֥וֹךְ אַבְנֵי־אֵ֖שׁ הִתְהַלָּֽכְתָּ׃", "text": "*ʾatt*-*kərûḇ* *mimšaḥ* *ha-ssôḵēḵ* *û-nətattîḵā* *bə-har* *qōḏeš* *ʾĕlōhîm* *hāyîtā* *bə-tôḵ* *ʾaḇnê*-*ʾēš* *hithallāḵtā*", "grammar": { "*ʾatt*-*kərûḇ*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun + noun masculine singular - you cherub", "*mimšaḥ*": "noun masculine singular - anointed/extended", "*ha-ssôḵēḵ*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular - the covering/guardian", "*û-nətattîḵā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and I placed you", "*bə-har*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - on the mountain of", "*qōḏeš*": "noun masculine singular construct - holiness of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God", "*hāyîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you were", "*bə-tôḵ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in the midst of", "*ʾaḇnê*-*ʾēš*": "noun feminine plural construct + noun feminine singular - stones of fire", "*hithallāḵtā*": "hithpael perfect 2nd masculine singular - you walked about/back and forth" }, "variants": { "*kərûḇ*": "cherub/guardian angel", "*mimšaḥ*": "anointed/extended/spreading out", "*sôḵēḵ*": "covering/guardian/protector", "*qōḏeš*": "holiness/sacredness", "*tôḵ*": "midst/among/within", "*ʾaḇnê*-*ʾēš*": "fiery stones/stones of fire/glittering gems" } } 15 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.15", "source": "תָּמִ֤ים אַתָּה֙ בִּדְרָכֶ֔יךָ מִיּ֖וֹם הִבָּֽרְאָ֑ךְ עַד־נִמְצָ֥א עַוְלָ֖תָה בָּֽךְ׃", "text": "*tāmîm* *ʾattāh* *bi-ḏrāḵeḵā* *mi-yyôm* *hibbārəʾāḵ* *ʿaḏ*-*nimṣāʾ* *ʿawlātāh* *bāḵ*", "grammar": { "*tāmîm*": "adjective masculine singular - perfect/complete", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*bi-ḏrāḵeḵā*": "preposition + noun feminine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your ways", "*mi-yyôm*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from the day of", "*hibbārəʾāḵ*": "niphal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - you were created", "*ʿaḏ*-*nimṣāʾ*": "preposition + niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - until was found", "*ʿawlātāh*": "noun feminine singular - unrighteousness/iniquity", "*bāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in you" }, "variants": { "*tāmîm*": "perfect/complete/blameless/without defect", "*ḏrāḵeḵā*": "your ways/paths/conduct", "*ʿawlātāh*": "unrighteousness/iniquity/injustice" } } 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.16", "source": "בְּרֹ֣ב רְכֻּלָּתְךָ֗ מָל֧וּ תוֹכְךָ֛ חָמָ֖ס וַֽתֶּחֱטָ֑א וָאֶחַלֶּלְךָ֩ מֵהַ֨ר אֱלֹהִ֤ים וָֽאַבֶּדְךָ֙ כְּר֣וּב הַסֹּכֵ֔ךְ מִתּ֖וֹךְ אַבְנֵי־אֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "*bə-rōḇ* *rəḵullātəḵā* *mālû* *tôḵəḵā* *ḥāmās* *wa-tteḥĕṭāʾ* *wā-ʾăḥalelḵā* *mē-har* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wā-ʾăʾabbedḵā* *kərûḇ* *ha-ssōḵēḵ* *mi-ttôḵ* *ʾaḇnê*-*ʾēš*", "grammar": { "*bə-rōḇ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - by abundance of", "*rəḵullātəḵā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your merchandise/trading", "*mālû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they filled", "*tôḵəḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your midst", "*ḥāmās*": "noun masculine singular - violence", "*wa-tteḥĕṭāʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - and you sinned", "*wā-ʾăḥalelḵā*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and I profaned you", "*mē-har*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from the mountain of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God", "*wā-ʾăʾabbedḵā*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and I destroyed you", "*kərûḇ*": "noun masculine singular - cherub", "*ha-ssōḵēḵ*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular - the covering/guardian", "*mi-ttôḵ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from the midst of", "*ʾaḇnê*-*ʾēš*": "noun feminine plural construct + noun feminine singular - stones of fire" }, "variants": { "*rōḇ*": "abundance/greatness/multitude", "*rəḵullāh*": "merchandise/traffic/trading", "*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/cruelty", "*ʾăḥalelḵā*": "I profaned/defiled/treated as common", "*ʾăʾabbedḵā*": "I destroyed/caused to perish/banished" } } 17 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.17", "source": "גָּבַ֤הּ לִבְּךָ֙ בְּיָפְיֶ֔ךָ שִׁחַ֥תָּ חָכְמָתְךָ֖ עַל־יִפְעָתֶ֑ךָ עַל־אֶ֣רֶץ הִשְׁלַכְתִּ֗יךָ לִפְנֵ֧י מְלָכִ֛ים נְתַתִּ֖יךָ לְרַ֥אֲוָה בָֽךְ׃", "text": "*gāḇah* *libbəḵā* *bə-yop̄yeḵā* *šiḥattā* *ḥoḵmātəḵā* *ʿal*-*yip̄ʿāteḵā* *ʿal*-*ʾereṣ* *hišlaḵtîḵā* *li-p̄nê* *məlāḵîm* *nətattîḵā* *lə-raʾăwāh* *bāḵ*", "grammar": { "*gāḇah*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - has become high", "*libbəḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*bə-yop̄yeḵā*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - because of your beauty", "*šiḥattā*": "piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you corrupted", "*ḥoḵmātəḵā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your wisdom", "*ʿal*-*yip̄ʿāteḵā*": "preposition + noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - because of your splendor", "*ʿal*-*ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - to the ground/earth", "*hišlaḵtîḵā*": "hiphil perfect 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I cast you", "*li-p̄nê*": "preposition + plural construct - before", "*məlāḵîm*": "noun masculine plural - kings", "*nətattîḵā*": "qal perfect 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I gave/placed you", "*lə-raʾăwāh*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - to be a spectacle", "*bāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - at you" }, "variants": { "*gāḇah*": "has become high/lifted up/exalted", "*šiḥattā*": "you corrupted/ruined/destroyed", "*yip̄ʿāh*": "splendor/brightness/beauty", "*raʾăwāh*": "spectacle/sight/display" } } 18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.18", "source": "מֵרֹ֣ב עֲוֺנֶ֗יךָ בְּעֶ֙וֶל֙ רְכֻלָּ֣תְךָ֔ חִלַּ֖לְתָּ מִקְדָּשֶׁ֑יךָ וָֽאוֹצִא־אֵ֤שׁ מִתּֽוֹכְךָ֙ הִ֣יא אֲכָלַ֔תְךָ וָאֶתֶּנְךָ֤ לְאֵ֙פֶר֙ עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ לְעֵינֵ֖י כָּל־רֹאֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*mē-rōḇ* *ʿăwōneḵā* *bə-ʿewel* *rəḵulātəḵā* *ḥillaltā* *miqdāšeḵā* *wā-ʾôṣîʾ*-*ʾēš* *mi-ttôḵəḵā* *hîʾ* *ʾăḵālatḵā* *wā-ʾettenḵā* *lə-ʾēp̄er* *ʿal*-*hā-ʾāreṣ* *lə-ʿênê* *kol*-*rōʾeḵā*", "grammar": { "*mē-rōḇ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from abundance of", "*ʿăwōneḵā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your iniquities", "*bə-ʿewel*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - by injustice of", "*rəḵulātəḵā*": "noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your trade", "*ḥillaltā*": "piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you profaned", "*miqdāšeḵā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your sanctuaries", "*wā-ʾôṣîʾ*-*ʾēš*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 1st person singular + noun feminine singular - and I brought forth fire", "*mi-ttôḵəḵā*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - from your midst", "*hîʾ*": "3rd person feminine singular pronoun - it", "*ʾăḵālatḵā*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - it consumed you", "*wā-ʾettenḵā*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and I made you", "*lə-ʾēp̄er*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - to ashes", "*ʿal*-*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - upon the earth", "*lə-ʿênê*": "preposition + noun feminine dual construct - in the eyes of", "*kol*-*rōʾeḵā*": "noun masculine singular construct + qal participle masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - all who see you" }, "variants": { "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/sin/guilt", "*ʿewel*": "injustice/unrighteousness/wrong", "*miqdāš*": "sanctuary/holy place/sacred place", "*ʾēp̄er*": "ashes/dust" } } 19 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.19", "source": "כָּל־יוֹדְעֶ֙יךָ֙ בָּֽעַמִּ֔ים שָׁמְמ֖וּ עָלֶ֑יךָ בַּלָּה֣וֹת הָיִ֔יתָ וְאֵינְךָ֖ עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃ פ", "text": "*kol*-*yôḏʿeḵā* *bā-ʿammîm* *šāmemû* *ʿāleḵā* *ballāhôt* *hāyîtā* *wə-ʾênḵā* *ʿaḏ*-*ʿôlām*", "grammar": { "*kol*-*yôḏʿeḵā*": "noun masculine singular construct + qal participle masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - all who know you", "*bā-ʿammîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine plural - among the peoples", "*šāmemû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they are appalled", "*ʿāleḵā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - at you", "*ballāhôt*": "noun feminine plural - terrors/horrors", "*hāyîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have become", "*wə-ʾênḵā*": "conjunction + particle of negation + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and you are not", "*ʿaḏ*-*ʿôlām*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - forever" }, "variants": { "*yôḏʿeḵā*": "those who know you/your acquaintances", "*šāmemû*": "they are appalled/astonished/horrified", "*ballāhôt*": "terrors/horrors/sudden destruction" } } 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.20", "source": "וַיְהִ֥י דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה אֵלַ֥י לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "*wa-yəhî* *ḏəḇar*-*YHWH* *ʾēlay* *lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it became/happened", "*ḏəḇar*-*YHWH*": "noun masculine singular construct + divine name - word of YHWH", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*ḏəḇar*": "word/speech/matter/thing", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say/as follows" } } 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.21", "source": "בֶּן־אָדָ֕ם שִׂ֥ים פָּנֶ֖יךָ אֶל־צִיד֑וֹן וְהִנָּבֵ֖א עָלֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "*ben*-*ʾāḏām* *śîm* *pāneḵā* *ʾel*-*ṣîḏôn* *wə-hinnāḇēʾ* *ʿāleyhā*", "grammar": { "*ben*-*ʾāḏām*": "construct phrase, vocative - son of man", "*śîm*": "qal imperative masculine singular - set/place", "*pāneḵā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your face", "*ʾel*-*ṣîḏôn*": "preposition + proper noun - toward Sidon", "*wə-hinnāḇēʾ*": "conjunction + niphal imperative masculine singular - and prophesy", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - against it/her" }, "variants": { "*śîm* *pāneḵā*": "set your face/turn your attention", "*hinnāḇēʾ*": "prophesy/speak as a prophet" } } 22 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.22", "source": "וְאָמַרְתָּ֗ כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֔ה הִנְנִ֤י עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ צִיד֔וֹן וְנִכְבַּדְתִּ֖י בְּתוֹכֵ֑ךְ וְֽיָדְע֞וּ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֗ה בַּעֲשׂ֥וֹתִי בָ֛הּ שְׁפָטִ֖ים וְנִקְדַּ֥שְׁתִּי בָֽהּ׃", "text": "*wə-ʾāmartā* *kōh* *ʾāmar* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH* *hinənî* *ʿālayiḵ* *ṣîḏôn* *wə-niḵbadtî* *bə-tôḵēḵ* *wə-yāḏʿû* *kî*-*ʾănî* *YHWH* *ba-ʿăśôtî* *ḇāh* *šəp̄āṭîm* *wə-niqdaštî* *ḇāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾāmartā*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you shall say", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - says", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*hinənî*": "interjection + 1st person singular suffix - behold me/I am", "*ʿālayiḵ*": "preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - against you", "*ṣîḏôn*": "proper noun - Sidon", "*wə-niḵbadtî*": "conjunction + niphal perfect 1st person singular - and I will be glorified", "*bə-tôḵēḵ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - within you", "*wə-yāḏʿû*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd common plural - and they will know", "*kî*-*ʾănî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular pronoun - that I am", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ba-ʿăśôtî*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - when I execute", "*ḇāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her", "*šəp̄āṭîm*": "noun masculine plural - judgments", "*wə-niqdaštî*": "conjunction + niphal perfect 1st person singular - and I am sanctified", "*ḇāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her" }, "variants": { "*niḵbadtî*": "I will be glorified/honored/made weighty", "*tôḵ*": "midst/among/within", "*šəp̄āṭîm*": "judgments/acts of judgment", "*niqdaštî*": "I am sanctified/shown to be holy" } } 23 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.23", "source": "וְשִׁלַּחְתִּי־בָ֞הּ דֶּ֤בֶר וָדָם֙ בְּח֣וּצוֹתֶ֔יהָ וְנִפְלַ֤ל חָלָל֙ בְּתוֹכָ֔הּ בְּחֶ֥רֶב עָלֶ֖יהָ מִסָּבִ֑יב וְיָדְע֖וּ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-šillaḥtî*-*ḇāh* *deḇer* *wā-ḏām* *bə-ḥûṣôteyhā* *wə-nip̄lal* *ḥālāl* *bə-tôḵāh* *bə-ḥereḇ* *ʿāleyhā* *mi-ssāḇîḇ* *wə-yāḏʿû* *kî*-*ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wə-šillaḥtî*-*ḇāh*": "conjunction + piel perfect 1st person singular + preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and I will send into her", "*deḇer*": "noun masculine singular - pestilence", "*wā-ḏām*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and blood", "*bə-ḥûṣôteyhā*": "preposition + noun feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her streets", "*wə-nip̄lal*": "conjunction + niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and will fall", "*ḥālāl*": "adjective masculine singular - slain/wounded", "*bə-tôḵāh*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her midst", "*bə-ḥereḇ*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - by the sword", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - against her", "*mi-ssāḇîḇ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - from all around", "*wə-yāḏʿû*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd common plural - and they will know", "*kî*-*ʾănî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular pronoun - that I am", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*šillaḥtî*": "I will send/let loose", "*deḇer*": "pestilence/plague", "*ḏām*": "blood/bloodshed", "*nip̄lal*": "will fall/be felled", "*ḥālāl*": "slain/wounded/pierced" } } 24 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.28.24", "source": "וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֨ה ע֜וֹד לְבֵ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל סִלּ֤וֹן מַמְאִיר֙ וְק֣וֹץ מַכְאִ֔ב מִכֹּל֙ סְבִ֣יבֹתָ֔ם הַשָּׁאטִ֖ים אוֹתָ֑ם וְיָ֣דְע֔וּ כִּ֥י אֲנִ֖י אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃ ס", "text": "*wə-lōʾ*-*yihyeh* *ʿôḏ* *lə-ḇêt* *yiśrāʾēl* *sillôn* *mamʾîr* *wə-qôṣ* *maḵʾîḇ* *mi-kkōl* *səḇîḇōtām* *ha-ššāʾṭîm* *ʾôtām* *wə-yāḏʿû* *kî* *ʾănî* *ʾăḏōnāy* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wə-lōʾ*-*yihyeh*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and there will not be", "*ʿôḏ*": "adverb - again/still/anymore", "*lə-ḇêt*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - for the house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*sillôn*": "noun masculine singular - brier/thorn", "*mamʾîr*": "hiphil participle masculine singular - that causes pain", "*wə-qôṣ*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and thorn", "*maḵʾîḇ*": "hiphil participle masculine singular - that hurts", "*mi-kkōl*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - from all", "*səḇîḇōtām*": "noun feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their surroundings", "*ha-ššāʾṭîm*": "definite article + qal participle masculine plural - the ones despising", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*wə-yāḏʿû*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd common plural - and they will know", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I am", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*sillôn*": "brier/thorn/prickle", "*mamʾîr*": "causing pain/pricking", "*qôṣ*": "thorn/bramble", "*maḵʾîḇ*": "causing hurt/pain", "*ha-ššāʾṭîm*": "the ones despising/scorning/treating with contempt" } }
• Dan 11:30 : 30 { "verseID": "Daniel.11.30", "source": "וּבָ֨אוּ ב֜וֹ צִיִּ֤ים כִּתִּים֙ וְנִכְאָ֔ה וְשָׁ֛ב וְזָעַ֥ם עַל־בְּרִֽית־ק֖וֹדֶשׁ וְעָשָׂ֑ה וְשָׁ֣ב וְיָבֵ֔ן עַל־עֹזְבֵ֖י בְּרִ֥ית קֹֽדֶשׁ׃", "text": "*û-bāʾû* *bô* *ṣiyyîm* *kittîm* *wə-nikʾāh* *wə-šāb* *wə-zāʿam* *ʿal-bərît-qôdeš* *wə-ʿāśāh* *wə-šāb* *wə-yābēn* *ʿal-ʿōzəbê* *bərît* *qōdeš*", "grammar": { "*û-bāʾû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will come", "*bô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - against him", "*ṣiyyîm*": "noun, masculine plural - ships", "*kittîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Kittim/Cyprus/Romans", "*wə-nikʾāh*": "conjunction + perfect niphal, 3rd masculine singular - and he will be disheartened/dejected", "*wə-šāb*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will return", "*wə-zāʿam*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will be indignant/angry", "*ʿal-bərît-qôdeš*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct + noun, masculine singular - against covenant of holiness", "*wə-ʿāśāh*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will do/perform", "*wə-šāb*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will return", "*wə-yābēn*": "conjunction + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will understand/pay attention", "*ʿal-ʿōzəbê*": "preposition + participle qal, masculine plural construct - to forsakers of", "*bərît*": "noun, feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*qōdeš*": "noun, masculine singular - holiness/sacredness" }, "variants": { "*bāʾû*": "come/enter/arrive", "*ṣiyyîm*": "ships/vessels/seafarers", "*kittîm*": "Kittim/Cyprus/Romans/western peoples", "*nikʾāh*": "be disheartened/dejected/discouraged/pained", "*šāb*": "return/turn back/go back", "*zāʿam*": "be indignant/be angry/denounce/curse", "*bərît-qôdeš*": "holy covenant/sacred alliance", "*ʿāśāh*": "do/make/accomplish/perform", "*yābēn*": "understand/consider/pay attention to/regard", "*ʿōzəbê*": "forsakers/abandoners/deserters", "*bərît qōdeš*": "holy covenant/sacred alliance" } }