Verse 22

{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.14.22", "source": "הֲיֵ֨שׁ בְּהַבְלֵ֤י הַגּוֹיִם֙ מַגְשִׁמִ֔ים וְאִם־הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם יִתְּנ֣וּ רְבִבִ֑ים הֲלֹ֨א אַתָּה־ה֜וּא יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ וּ֨נְקַוֶּה־לָּ֔ךְ כִּֽי־אַתָּ֥ה עָשִׂ֖יתָ אֶת־כָּל־אֵֽלֶּה׃ פ", "text": "?Is-there in-*haḇlê* the-*gôyim* *maḡšimîm* and-if-the-*šāmayim* *yittənû* *rəḇîḇîm* ?not-*ʾattāh*-*hûʾ* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* and-*nəqawweh*-to-you for-*ʾattāh* *ʿāśîṯā* *kāl*-these", "grammar": { "*haḇlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct with preposition + definite article - in the vanities of", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the nations", "*maḡšimîm*": "hiphil participle, masculine plural - causing rain", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine dual with definite article - the heavens", "*yittənû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they will give", "*rəḇîḇîm*": "noun, masculine plural - showers", "*ʾattāh*": "pronoun, 2nd singular masculine - you", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd singular masculine - he", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*nəqawweh*": "piel imperfect, 1st plural - we hope", "*ʾattāh*": "pronoun, 2nd singular masculine - you", "*ʿāśîṯā*": "qal perfect, 2nd singular masculine - you have made", "*kāl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of" }, "variants": { "*haḇlê*": "vanities/empty things/idols", "*maḡšimîm*": "causing rain/bringing rain/producing rain", "*rəḇîḇîm*": "showers/copious rains/scattered drops", "*nəqawweh*": "we hope/wait for/expect" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Er det noen av de falske gudene til nasjonene som kan gi regn? Kan himlene selv gi regnskurer? Er det ikke du, Herre, vår Gud? Derfor håper vi på deg, for du har gjort alle disse tingene.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Er det noen blant hedningens avguder som kan bringe regn, eller kan himlene gi skurer? Er det ikke du, Herre vår Gud? Derfor venter vi på deg; for du har gjort alle disse ting.

• Norsk King James

  Er det noen blant de falske gudene som kan bringe regn? Eller kan himmelen sende ned regn? Er ikke du, Å HERREN, vår Gud? Derfor vil vi vente på deg; for du har skapt alt dette.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Er det noen blant de tomme guder blant hedningene som kan gi regn? Eller kan himlene sende regndråper? Er det ikke du, Herre vår Gud! Vi venter på deg, for du har gjort alt dette.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Er det noen blant avgudene til folkeslagene som kan bringe regn, eller kan himlene gi regn i overflod? Er det ikke du, Herre vår Gud? Vi setter vårt håp til deg, for du har gjort alt dette.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Er det noen blant de tomme avgudene til folkeslagene som kan gi regn? Eller kan himlene selv gi regnskurer? Er ikke du det, Herre vår Gud? Derfor vil vi vente på deg: for du har gjort alle disse tingene.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Er det noen blant hedningenes dumheter som kan fremkalle regn, eller kan himmelen selv gi regn? Er det ikke du, HERRE vår Gud? Derfor venter vi på deg, for du har skapt alle disse ting.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Er det noen blant de tomme avgudene til folkeslagene som kan gi regn? Eller kan himlene selv gi regnskurer? Er ikke du det, Herre vår Gud? Derfor vil vi vente på deg: for du har gjort alle disse tingene.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Er det noen av de tomme gudene til nasjonene som kan bringe regn? Eller lar himlene selv det regne? Er det ikke deg, Herre, vår Gud? Derfor håper vi på deg, for du har gjort alt dette.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Can any of the worthless idols of the nations bring rain? Can the skies themselves send showers? No, it is You, LORD our God. Therefore, we put our hope in You, for You have done all these things.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Er det noen blant avgudene til folkeslagene som kan gi regn? Eller kan himlene gi regnskyll av seg selv? Er du ikke den, Herre vår Gud? Derfor håper vi på deg, for du har skapt alt dette.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Mon der være iblandt Hedningernes Forfængeligheder de, som kunne lade regne, eller kunne de give Himlene Regndraaber? mon det ikke være dig selv, Herre vor Gud! og vi have forventet dig, thi du, du haver gjort alle disse Ting.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Are there any among the vanities of the Gentiles that can cause rain? or can the heavens give showers? art not thou he, O LORD our God? therefore we will wait upon thee: for thou hast made all these things.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Er det noen blant hedningenes tomme avguder som kan gi regn? Eller kan himmelen gi regnskurer? Er det ikke du, Herre, vår Gud? Derfor vil vi vente på deg, for du har gjort alle disse tingene.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Are there any among the idols of the nations that can cause rain? Or can the heavens give showers? Are You not He, O LORD our God? Therefore we will wait upon You, for You have made all these things.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Are there any among the vanities of the Gentiles that can cause rain? or can the heavens give showers? art not thou he, O LORD our God? therefore we will wait upon thee: for thou hast made all these things.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Er det noen blant folkenes avguder som kan føre regn? Eller kan himmelen gi regnskurer? Er ikke du det, Herre vår Gud? Derfor vil vi vente på deg; for du har skapt alle disse tingene.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Blant folkene, er det noen avguder som kan gi regn? Eller kan himlene selv gi skybrudd? Er det ikke du, Herre vår Gud? Derfor venter vi på deg, for du har gjort alle disse tingene.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Er det noen blant folkets tomme avguder som kan bringe regn? Eller kan himmelen gi regnskyll? Er ikke du det, Herre vår Gud? Derfor vil vi vente på deg; for du har skapt alle disse ting.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Kan noen av de falske gudene for folkene få regnet til å komme? Kan himmelen gi regnskyll? Er ikke du han, Herre vår Gud? Så vi vil fortsette å vente på deg, for du har gjort alle disse tingene.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Are there eny amonge the goddes of the Gentiles, that sende rayne, or geue the showers of heauen? Dost not thou it o LORDE oure God, in who we trust? Yee LORDE, thou dost all these thinges.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Are there any among the vanities of the Gentiles, that can giue raine? or can the heauens giue showres? is it not thou, O Lorde our God? therefore we will waite vpon thee: for thou hast made all these things.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Are there any among the gods of the gentiles that sende rayne, or geue the showres from heauen? Art not thou thy selfe our Lorde God? we wyll trust in thee, for thou doest all these thynges.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Are there [any] among the vanities of the Gentiles that can cause rain? or can the heavens give showers? [art] not thou he, O LORD our God? therefore we will wait upon thee: for thou hast made all these [things].

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Are there any among the vanities of the nations that can cause rain? or can the sky give showers? Aren't you he, Yahweh our God? therefore we will wait for you; for you have made all these things.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Are there among the vanities of the nations any causing rain? And do the heavens give showers? Art not Thou He, O Jehovah our God? And we wait for thee, for Thou -- Thou hast done all these!

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Are there any among the vanities of the nations that can cause rain? or can the heavens give showers? art not thou he, O Jehovah our God? therefore we will wait for thee; for thou hast made all these things.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Are any of the false gods of the nations able to make rain come? are the heavens able to give showers? are you not he, O Lord our God? so we will go on waiting for you, for you have done all these things.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Are there any among the vanities of the nations that can cause rain? or can the sky give showers? Aren't you he, Yahweh our God? therefore we will wait for you; for you have made all these things.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Do any of the worthless idols of the nations cause rain to fall? Do the skies themselves send showers? Is it not you, O Lord our God, who does this? So we put our hopes in you because you alone do all this.”

Referenced Verses

• Isa 30:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.23", "source": "וְנָתַן מְטַר זַרְעֲךָ אֲשֶׁר־תִּזְרַע אֶת־הָאֲדָמָה וְלֶחֶם תְּבוּאַת הָאֲדָמָה וְהָיָה דָשֵׁן וְשָׁמֵן יִרְעֶה מִקְנֶיךָ בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא כַּר נִרְחָב׃", "text": "And he shall *nātan* [the] *meṭar* of your *zarʿăḵā* which you *tizraʿ* *ʾet* the *hāʾădāmâ*, and *leḥem* [of the] *tebûʾat* of the *hāʾădāmâ*, and it shall *hāyâ* *dāšēn* and *šāmēn*. Your *miqneîḵā* shall *yirʿeh* in that day [in a] *kar* *nirḥāb*.", "grammar": { "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he gave", "*meṭar*": "masculine singular construct - rain of", "*zarʿăḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your seed", "*tizraʿ*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will sow", "*hāʾădāmâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the ground/land", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular construct - bread/food of", "*tebûʾat*": "feminine singular construct - produce/yield of", "*hāyâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it was/became", "*dāšēn*": "adjective masculine singular - fat/rich", "*šāmēn*": "adjective masculine singular - fat/rich", "*miqneîḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your livestock", "*yirʿeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will graze/feed", "*kar*": "masculine singular noun - pasture/meadow", "*nirḥāb*": "niphal participle masculine singular - broad/wide" }, "variants": { "*nātan*": "he gave/provided/granted", "*meṭar*": "rain of/rainfall for", "*zarʿăḵā*": "your seed/offspring", "*tizraʿ*": "you will sow/plant/scatter seed", "*hāʾădāmâ*": "the ground/land/soil", "*leḥem*": "bread/food of", "*tebûʾat*": "produce/yield/increase of", "*hāyâ*": "it was/became/will be", "*dāšēn*": "fat/rich/abundantly satisfied", "*šāmēn*": "fat/rich/fertile", "*miqneîḵā*": "your livestock/cattle/possessions", "*yirʿeh*": "it will graze/feed/pasture", "*kar*": "pasture/meadow/grazing land", "*nirḥāb*": "broad/wide/spacious" } }
• Jer 5:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.24", "source": "וְלֹֽא־אָמְר֣וּ בִלְבָבָ֗ם נִ֤ירָא נָא֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ הַנֹּתֵ֗ן גֶּ֛שֶׁם יוֹרֶ֥ה וּמַלְק֖וֹשׁ בְּעִתּ֑וֹ שְׁבֻע֛וֹת חֻקּ֥וֹת קָצִ֖יר יִשְׁמָר־לָֽנוּ׃", "text": "And not-they *'āmərû* in their *bilbābām*, \"Let us *nîrā'* *nā'* *'et*-*YHWH* our *'ĕlōhênû*, the one *hannōtēn* *gešem* *yôreh* and *malqôš* in its *'ittô*, *šəbu'ôt* *ḥuqqôt* *qāṣîr* he *yišmār*-to us.\"", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*'āmərû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they said", "*bi*": "preposition - in", "*lbābām*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*nîrā'*": "imperfect, 1st plural, jussive - let us fear", "*nā'*": "particle - please (politeness marker)", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*'ĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st plural suffix - our God", "*ha*": "article - the", "*nōtēn*": "participle, masculine singular - giving", "*gešem*": "noun, masculine singular - rain", "*yôreh*": "adjective, masculine singular - early (rain)", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*malqôš*": "noun, masculine singular - late rain", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*'ittô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its time", "*šəbu'ôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - weeks of", "*ḥuqqôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - ordinances of", "*qāṣîr*": "noun, masculine singular - harvest", "*yišmār*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will keep", "*lānû*": "preposition + 1st plural suffix - for us" }, "variants": { "*nîrā'*": "let us fear/revere/be afraid of", "*hannōtēn*": "the one giving/providing/granting", "*gešem*": "rain/shower", "*yôreh*": "early rain (autumn)", "*malqôš*": "late rain (spring)", "*šəbu'ôt ḥuqqôt qāṣîr*": "appointed weeks of harvest/designated seasons for harvest" } }
• Ps 135:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.135.7", "source": "מַֽעֲלֶ֣ה נְשִׂאִים֮ מִקְצֵ֢ה הָ֫אָ֥רֶץ בְּרָקִ֣ים לַמָּטָ֣ר עָשָׂ֑ה מֽוֹצֵא־ר֝וּחַ מֵאֽוֹצְרוֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "*maʿăleh* *nᵉśiʾīm* *miqṣēh* *hāʾāreṣ* *bᵉrāqīm* *lammāṭār* *ʿāśāh* *mōṣēʾ*-*rûaḥ* *mēʾōṣᵉrōtāyw*", "grammar": { "*maʿăleh*": "participle, masculine singular - causing to ascend/bringing up", "*nᵉśiʾīm*": "noun, masculine plural - clouds/vapors", "*miqṣēh*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from end of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth", "*bᵉrāqīm*": "noun, masculine plural - lightnings", "*lammāṭār*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - for the rain", "*ʿāśāh*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he made", "*mōṣēʾ*": "participle, masculine singular construct - bringing forth", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular - wind/spirit", "*mēʾōṣᵉrōtāyw*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from his storehouses" }, "variants": { "*maʿăleh*": "brings up/causes to ascend/lifts", "*nᵉśiʾīm*": "clouds/vapors/mists", "*bᵉrāqīm*": "lightnings/flashes", "*māṭār*": "rain/precipitation", "*mōṣēʾ*": "brings forth/causes to come out", "*rûaḥ*": "wind/spirit/breath", "*ʾōṣᵉrōtāyw*": "storehouses/treasuries/chambers" } }
• Deut 32:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.21", "source": "הֵ֚ם קִנְא֣וּנִי בְלֹא־אֵ֔ל כִּעֲס֖וּנִי בְּהַבְלֵיהֶ֑ם וַאֲנִי֙ אַקְנִיאֵ֣ם בְּלֹא־עָ֔ם בְּג֥וֹי נָבָ֖ל אַכְעִיסֵֽם׃", "text": "*hēm* *qinʾûnî* *ḇəlōʾ*-*ʾēl* *kiʿăsûnî* *bəhaḇlêhem* *waʾănî* *ʾaqnîʾēm* *bəlōʾ*-*ʿām* *bəgôy* *nāḇāl* *aḵʿîsēm*", "grammar": { "*hēm*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*qinʾûnî*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural with 1st person singular suffix - they made me jealous", "*ḇəlōʾ*": "preposition + negative particle - with no", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - god", "*kiʿăsûnî*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural with 1st person singular suffix - they provoked me", "*bəhaḇlêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with their vanities", "*waʾănî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular pronoun - and I", "*ʾaqnîʾēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will make them jealous", "*bəlōʾ*": "preposition + negative particle - with no", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun - people", "*bəgôy*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - with nation", "*nāḇāl*": "masculine singular adjective - foolish", "*aḵʿîsēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will provoke them" }, "variants": { "*qinʾûnî*": "they made me jealous/they provoked me to jealousy/they stirred me to jealousy", "*bəlōʾ-ʾēl*": "with no god/with what is not god/with a non-deity", "*kiʿăsûnî*": "they provoked me/they vexed me/they made me angry", "*haḇlêhem*": "their vanities/their idols/their worthless things", "*ʾaqnîʾēm*": "I will make them jealous/I will provoke them to jealousy", "*bəlōʾ-ʿām*": "with no people/with what is not a nation/with a non-people", "*gôy nāḇāl*": "foolish nation/senseless nation/contemptible people", "*aḵʿîsēm*": "I will provoke them/I will anger them/I will vex them" } }
• Ps 25:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Psalms.25.21", "source": "תֹּם־וָיֹ֥שֶׁר יִצְּר֑וּנִי כִּ֝֗י קִוִּיתִֽיךָ", "text": "*tōm-wāyōšer yiṣṣĕrûnî kî qiwwîṯîḵā*", "grammar": { "*tōm*": "noun, masculine singular - 'integrity'", "*wāyōšer*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - 'and uprightness'", "*yiṣṣĕrûnî*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - 'they will preserve me'", "*kî*": "conjunction - 'for/because'", "*qiwwîṯîḵā*": "verb, Piel perfect 1st person singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'I wait for you'" }, "variants": { "*tōm*": "integrity/completeness/innocence", "*yōšer*": "uprightness/straightness/rightness", "*yiṣṣĕrûnî*": "they will preserve me/they will keep me/they will protect me", "*qiwwîṯîḵā*": "I wait for you/I hope in you/I expect you" } }
• 1 Kgs 17:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Kings.17.1", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר֩ אֵלִיָּ֨הוּ הַתִּשְׁבִּ֜י מִתֹּשָׁבֵ֣י גִלְעָד֮ אֶל־אַחְאָב֒ חַי־יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָמַ֣דְתִּי לְפָנָ֔יו אִם־יִהְיֶ֛ה הַשָּׁנִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה טַ֣ל וּמָטָ֑ר כִּ֖י אִם־לְפִ֥י דְבָרִֽי׃ ס", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *ʾēliyyāhû* the *tiššbî* from *tōšāḇê* *gilʿād* to *ʾaḥʾāḇ*, *ḥay-yhwh* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* whom *ʿāmaḏtî* before *lǝpānāyw*, if *yihyeh* the *ššānîm* the *hāʾēlleh* *ṭal* and *māṭār* except by *pî* *ḏǝḇārî*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾēliyyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Elijah", "*tiššbî*": "noun with definite article, masculine singular - the Tishbite", "*tōšāḇê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*gilʿād*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Gilead", "*ʾaḥʾāḇ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ahab", "*ḥay-yhwh*": "adjective construct + divine name - living (is) YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine singular construct - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Israel", "*ʿāmaḏtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I have stood", "*lǝpānāyw*": "preposition + noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - before him", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - there will be", "*ššānîm*": "noun with definite article, feminine plural - the years", "*hāʾēlleh*": "demonstrative adjective with definite article - these", "*ṭal*": "noun, masculine singular - dew", "*māṭār*": "noun, masculine singular - rain", "*pî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mouth of", "*ḏǝḇārî*": "noun + 1st singular suffix - my word" }, "variants": { "*ʾēliyyāhû*": "Elijah/My God is YHWH", "*tiššbî*": "Tishbite/inhabitant of Tishbe", "*ḥay-yhwh*": "As YHWH lives/by the life of YHWH (oath formula)", "*ʿāmaḏtî*": "I have stood/I serve", "*lǝpānāyw*": "before him/in his presence", "*yihyeh*": "there will be/there shall be", "*ṭal*": "dew/moisture", "*pî*": "mouth/command", "*ḏǝḇārî*": "my word/my command" } }
• Deut 28:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.12", "source": "יִפְתַּ֣ח יְהוָ֣ה ׀ לְ֠ךָ אֶת־אוֹצָר֨וֹ הַטּ֜וֹב אֶת־הַשָּׁמַ֗יִם לָתֵ֤ת מְטַֽר־אַרְצְךָ֙ בְּעִתּ֔וֹ וּלְבָרֵ֕ךְ אֵ֖ת כָּל־מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה יָדֶ֑ךָ וְהִלְוִ֙יתָ֙ גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֔ים וְאַתָּ֖ה לֹ֥א תִלְוֶֽה׃", "text": "*Yiptaḥ* *YHWH* for *lĕkā* *ʾet*-*ʾôṣārô* the *haṭṭôb* *ʾet*-the *haššāmayim* to *lātēt* *mĕṭar*-*ʾarṣĕkā* in *ʿittô* and to *lĕbārēk* *ʾēt* all-*maʿăśēh* *yādekā* and you will have *hilwîtā* *gôyim* *rabbîm* and you *wĕʾattāh* not *tilweh*.", "grammar": { "*Yiptaḥ*": "imperfect, Qal, 3rd masculine singular - he will open", "*YHWH*": "proper name - the LORD", "*lĕkā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - for you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾôṣārô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his storehouse/treasury", "*haṭṭôb*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the good", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*haššāmayim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the heavens", "*lātēt*": "infinitive construct - to give", "*mĕṭar*": "masculine singular construct - rain of", "*ʾarṣĕkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your land", "*ʿittô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its time/season", "*lĕbārēk*": "infinitive construct - to bless", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*maʿăśēh*": "masculine singular construct - work of", "*yādekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*hilwîtā*": "perfect, consecutive, Hiphil, 2nd masculine singular - and you will lend", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations", "*rabbîm*": "masculine plural adjective - many", "*wĕʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2nd masculine singular pronoun - and you", "*tilweh*": "imperfect, Qal, 2nd masculine singular - you will borrow" }, "variants": { "*ʾôṣārô haṭṭôb*": "his good treasury/his good storehouse [heaven as source of blessing]", "*mĕṭar-ʾarṣĕkā bĕʿittô*": "rain of your land in its time/season [timely rainfall]", "*maʿăśēh yādekā*": "work of your hand/all your undertakings", "*hilwîtā gôyim rabbîm*": "lend to many nations [sign of prosperity]" } }
• Ps 130:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.130.5", "source": "קִוִּ֣יתִי יְ֭הוָה קִוְּתָ֣ה נַפְשִׁ֑י וְֽלִדְבָר֥וֹ הוֹחָֽלְתִּי", "text": "*qiwwîtî* *YHWH* *qiwwətāh* *napšî* and to *lidbārô* *hôḥāltî*", "grammar": { "*qiwwîtî*": "perfect verb, 1st person singular, piel form - I waited for", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*qiwwətāh*": "perfect verb, 3rd person feminine singular, piel form - she waited", "*napšî*": "noun, feminine, singular with 1st person singular suffix - my soul", "*wəlidbārô*": "conjunction וְ + preposition לְ + noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and for his word", "*hôḥāltî*": "perfect verb, 1st person singular, hiphil form - I have hoped/waited" }, "variants": { "*qiwwâ*": "wait for/hope in/expect", "*nepeš*": "soul/life/person/self", "*dābār*": "word/speech/thing/matter", "*yāḥal*": "hope/wait/expect" } }
• Isa 41:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Isaiah.41.29", "source": "הֵ֣ן כֻּלָּ֔ם אָ֥וֶן אֶ֖פֶס מַעֲשֵׂיהֶ֑ם ר֥וּחַ וָתֹ֖הוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Behold *kullām ʾāwen ʾepes maʿăśêhem rûaḥ wātōhû niskêhem*", "grammar": { "*kullām*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*ʾāwen*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/wickedness", "*ʾepes*": "noun, masculine singular - nothing/end", "*maʿăśêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their works", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular - wind/breath", "*wātōhû*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and emptiness/chaos", "*niskêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their molten images" }, "variants": { "*kullām*": "all of them/every one of them", "*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/wickedness/trouble/nothingness", "*ʾepes*": "nothing/nonexistence/worthlessness/end", "*maʿăśêhem*": "their works/deeds/actions", "*rûaḥ*": "wind/breath/emptiness", "*wātōhû*": "and emptiness/chaos/formlessness/void", "*niskêhem*": "their molten images/idols/metal statues" } }
• Lam 3:25-26 : 25 { "verseID": "Lamentations.3.25", "source": "ט֤וֹב יְהוָה֙ לְקֹוָ֔ו לְנֶ֖פֶשׁ תִּדְרְשֶֽׁנּוּ׃", "text": "*ṭôb* *YHWH* to *qōwāw* to *nepeš* *tidreše̱nnû*", "grammar": { "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*qōwāw*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - ones waiting for him", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine singular - soul", "*tidreše̱nnû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - she seeks him" }, "variants": { "*ṭôb*": "good/pleasant/agreeable", "*qōwāw*": "ones waiting for him/ones hoping in him", "*nepeš*": "soul/life/person", "*tidreše̱nnû*": "she seeks him/she inquires of him" } } 26 { "verseID": "Lamentations.3.26", "source": "ט֤וֹב וְיָחִיל֙ וְדוּמָ֔ם לִתְשׁוּעַ֖ת יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*ṭôb* and *yāḥîl* and *dûmām* for *tešûʿat* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*yāḥîl*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he waits", "*dûmām*": "adverb - silently", "*tešûʿat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - salvation of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*ṭôb*": "good/it is good", "*yāḥîl*": "he waits/one should wait", "*dûmām*": "silently/quietly/in silence", "*tešûʿat*": "salvation of/deliverance of/help of" } }
• Joel 2:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Joel.2.23", "source": "וּבְנֵ֣י צִיּ֗וֹן גִּ֤ילוּ וְשִׂמְחוּ֙ בַּיהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם כִּֽי־נָתַ֥ן לָכֶ֛ם אֶת־הַמּוֹרֶ֖ה לִצְדָקָ֑ה וַיּ֣וֹרֶד לָכֶ֗ם גֶּ֛שֶׁם מוֹרֶ֥ה וּמַלְק֖וֹשׁ בָּרִאשֽׁוֹן׃", "text": "And-*benê* *Tsiyôn* *gîlû* and-*simḥû* in-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkhem* because-*nātan* to-you [plural] *ʾet*-the-*môreh* to-*tsedāqâ* and-*yôred* to-you [plural] *geshem* *môreh* and-*malqôsh* in-the-*rîʾshôn*.", "grammar": { "*benê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of/children of", "*Tsiyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*gîlû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - rejoice/be glad", "*simḥû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - rejoice/be joyful", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkhem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God", "*nātan*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has given", "*môreh*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular noun with definite article - the early rain/teacher", "*tsedāqâ*": "feminine singular noun - righteousness", "*yôred*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he sends down", "*geshem*": "masculine singular noun - rain/shower", "*môreh*": "masculine singular noun - early rain", "*malqôsh*": "masculine singular noun - latter rain", "*rîʾshôn*": "masculine singular adjective with definite article - the first/former" }, "variants": { "*benê*": "sons of/children of", "*gîlû*": "rejoice/be glad/exult", "*simḥû*": "rejoice/be joyful/be happy", "*môreh*": "early rain/teacher/one who shows", "*tsedāqâ*": "righteousness/justice/right measure", "*yôred*": "sends down/causes to descend", "*geshem*": "rain/shower/downpour", "*môreh*": "early rain/autumn rain", "*malqôsh*": "latter rain/spring rain", "*rîʾshôn*": "the first/former/beginning" } }
• Jer 10:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.10.15", "source": "הֶ֣בֶל הֵ֔מָּה מַעֲשֵׂ֖ה תַּעְתֻּעִ֑ים בְּעֵ֥ת פְּקֻדָּתָ֖ם יֹאבֵֽדוּ׃", "text": "*Hebel* they *maʿăśēh* *taʿtuʿîm* in-time-of *pəquddātām* *yōʾbēdû*", "grammar": { "*Hebel*": "noun, masculine singular - vanity/emptiness", "*maʿăśēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - work of", "*taʿtuʿîm*": "noun, masculine plural - mockery/delusion", "*pəquddātām*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their visitation/punishment", "*yōʾbēdû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will perish" }, "variants": { "*Hebel*": "vanity/emptiness/breath/worthlessness", "*taʿtuʿîm*": "mockery/delusion/derision", "*pəquddātām*": "their visitation/punishment/reckoning", "*yōʾbēdû*": "they will perish/be destroyed/disappear" } }
• Zech 10:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "Zechariah.10.1", "source": "שַׁאֲל֨וּ מֵיְהוָ֤ה מָטָר֙ בְּעֵ֣ת מַלְק֔וֹשׁ יְהוָ֖ה עֹשֶׂ֣ה חֲזִיזִ֑ים וּמְטַר־גֶּ֙שֶׁם֙ יִתֵּ֣ן לָהֶ֔ם לְאִ֖ישׁ עֵ֥שֶׂב בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃", "text": "*Sha'alu* from *YHWH* *matar* in *'et* *malqosh* *YHWH* *'oseh* *chazizim* and-*metar*-*geshem* *yitten* to-them to-*ish* *'esev* in-the-*sadeh*.", "grammar": { "*Sha'alu*": "imperative, masculine plural - ask/request", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD", "*matar*": "masculine singular noun - rain", "*'et*": "construct state with following noun - time of", "*malqosh*": "masculine singular noun - latter/spring rain", "*'oseh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - making/producing", "*chazizim*": "masculine plural noun - lightning flashes/storm clouds", "*metar*": "construct state - rain of", "*geshem*": "masculine singular noun - heavy rain/shower", "*yitten*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will give", "*ish*": "masculine singular noun - man/each one", "*'esev*": "masculine singular noun - vegetation/grass", "*sadeh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the field" }, "variants": { "*Sha'alu*": "ask/request/inquire", "*malqosh*": "latter rain/spring rain (comes in March-April)", "*chazizim*": "lightning flashes/storm clouds/thunders", "*geshem*": "rain shower/downpour/heavy rain", "*'esev*": "vegetation/grass/herbs/plants" } } 2 { "verseID": "Zechariah.10.2", "source": "כִּ֧י הַתְּרָפִ֣ים דִּבְּרוּ־אָ֗וֶן וְהַקּֽוֹסְמִים֙ חָ֣זוּ שֶׁ֔קֶר וַֽחֲלֹמוֹת֙ הַשָּׁ֣וא יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ הֶ֖בֶל יְנַֽחֵמ֑וּן עַל־כֵּן֙ נָסְע֣וּ כְמוֹ־צֹ֔אן יַעֲנ֖וּ כִּֽי־אֵ֥ין רֹעֶֽה׃", "text": "For the-*teraphim* *dibberu*-*'awen* and-the-*qosemim* *chazu* *sheqer* and-*chalomot* the-*shaw'* *yedabberu*, *hevel* *yenachamun*; upon-thus *nas'u* like-*tson*, *ya'anu* because-*'ein* *ro'eh*.", "grammar": { "*teraphim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - household idols/diviners", "*dibberu*": "Piel perfect, 3rd plural - they have spoken", "*'awen*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity/wickedness/trouble", "*qosemim*": "Qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the diviners", "*chazu*": "Qal perfect, 3rd plural - they have seen/envisioned", "*sheqer*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood/lie", "*chalomot*": "masculine plural construct - dreams of", "*shaw'*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - emptiness/vanity/falsehood", "*yedabberu*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd plural - they speak", "*hevel*": "masculine singular noun - emptiness/vapor/futility", "*yenachamun*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd plural with paragogic nun - they comfort", "*nas'u*": "Qal perfect, 3rd plural - they journeyed/wandered", "*tson*": "collective noun - flock/sheep", "*ya'anu*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they are afflicted/oppressed", "*'ein*": "negative particle of existence - there is no", "*ro'eh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - shepherd/one who tends" }, "variants": { "*teraphim*": "household idols/divine images/objects of divination", "*'awen*": "iniquity/wickedness/emptiness/trouble", "*qosemim*": "diviners/soothsayers/fortune-tellers", "*sheqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*shaw'*": "emptiness/vanity/falsehood/nothingness", "*hevel*": "emptiness/vapor/breath/vanity/futility", "*yenachamun*": "they comfort/console (falsely)", "*nas'u*": "they journeyed/wandered/were driven away", "*ya'anu*": "they are afflicted/oppressed/humbled" } }
• Matt 5:45 : 45 { "verseID": "Matthew.5.45", "source": "Ὅπως γένησθε υἱοὶ τοῦ Πατρὸς ὑμῶν τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς: ὅτι τὸν ἥλιον αὐτοῦ ἀνατέλλει ἐπὶ πονηροὺς καὶ ἀγαθούς, καὶ βρέχει ἐπὶ δικαίους καὶ ἀδίκους.", "text": "*Hopōs* *genēsthe* *huioi* of-the *Patros* of-you of-the in *ouranois*: *hoti* the *hēlion* of-him *anatellei* upon *ponērous* and *agathous*, and *brechei* upon *dikaious* and *adikous*.", "grammar": { "*Hopōs*": "conjunction - so that", "*genēsthe*": "aorist middle subjunctive, 2nd person plural - you might become", "*huioi*": "nominative masculine plural - sons", "*Patros*": "genitive masculine singular - of Father", "*ouranois*": "dative masculine plural - in heavens", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*hēlion*": "accusative masculine singular - sun", "*anatellei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - causes to rise", "*ponērous*": "accusative masculine plural - evil", "*agathous*": "accusative masculine plural - good", "*brechei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - rains", "*dikaious*": "accusative masculine plural - righteous", "*adikous*": "accusative masculine plural - unrighteous" }, "variants": { "*Hopōs*": "so that/in order that", "*genēsthe*": "might become/prove to be", "*huioi*": "sons/children (indicating likeness)", "*Patros*": "Father/progenitor", "*ouranois*": "heavens/skies", "*hēlion*": "sun", "*anatellei*": "causes to rise/makes rise/brings up", "*ponērous*": "evil/wicked/bad", "*agathous*": "good/upright/beneficial", "*brechei*": "rains/sends rain", "*dikaious*": "righteous/just/upright", "*adikous*": "unrighteous/unjust/wicked" } }
• Acts 14:15-17 : 15 { "verseID": "Acts.14.15", "source": "Καὶ, λέγοντες, Ἄνδρες, τί ταῦτα ποιεῖτε; Καὶ ἡμεῖς ὁμοιοπαθεῖς ἐσμεν ὑμῖν ἄνθρωποι, εὐαγγελιζόμενοι ὑμᾶς ἀπὸ τούτων τῶν ματαίων ἐπιστρέφειν ἐπὶ τὸν Θεὸν τὸν ζῶντα, ὃς ἐποίησεν τὸν οὐρανὸν, καὶ τὴν γῆν, καὶ τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ πάντα τὰ ἐν αὐτοῖς:", "text": "And, *legontes*, *Andres*, why these things *poieite*? Also we *homoiopatheis* *esmen* to you *anthrōpoi*, *euangelizomenoi* you from these *mataiōn* to *epistrephein* to the *Theon* the *zōnta*, who *epoiēsen* the *ouranon*, and the *gēn*, and the *thalassan*, and all the things in them:", "grammar": { "*legontes*": "present active participle, nominative masculine plural - saying", "*Andres*": "vocative masculine plural - men", "*poieite*": "present active indicative, 2nd person plural - you do/are doing", "*homoiopatheis*": "nominative masculine plural - having like feelings/similar nature", "*esmen*": "present active indicative, 1st person plural - we are", "*anthrōpoi*": "nominative masculine plural - humans/people", "*euangelizomenoi*": "present middle participle, nominative masculine plural - proclaiming good news", "*mataiōn*": "genitive neuter plural - vain things/worthless things", "*epistrephein*": "present active infinitive - to turn/return", "*Theon*": "accusative masculine singular - God", "*zōnta*": "present active participle, accusative masculine singular - living", "*epoiēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - made/created", "*ouranon*": "accusative masculine singular - heaven/sky", "*gēn*": "accusative feminine singular - earth/land", "*thalassan*": "accusative feminine singular - sea", "*panta*": "accusative neuter plural - all things" }, "variants": { "*homoiopatheis*": "with like feelings/of similar nature/with the same nature", "*mataiōn*": "vain things/worthless things/empty practices", "*epistrephein epi ton Theon ton zōnta*": "to turn to the living God/to convert to the living God", "*epoiēsen ton ouranon kai tēn gēn kai tēn thalassan*": "made the heaven and the earth and the sea (reference to creation)" } } 16 { "verseID": "Acts.14.16", "source": "Ὃς ἐν ταῖς παρῳχημέναις γενεαῖς εἴασεν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη πορεύεσθαι ταῖς ὁδοῖς αὐτῶν.", "text": "Who in the *parōchēmenais* *geneais* *eiasen* all the *ethnē* *poreuesthai* in the *hodois* of them.", "grammar": { "*parōchēmenais*": "perfect middle/passive participle, dative feminine plural - past/gone by", "*geneais*": "dative feminine plural - generations", "*eiasen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - permitted/allowed", "*ethnē*": "accusative neuter plural - nations/peoples", "*poreuesthai*": "present middle infinitive - to walk/to go", "*hodois*": "dative feminine plural - ways/paths" }, "variants": { "*parōchēmenais geneais*": "in past generations/in bygone generations", "*eiasen*": "permitted/allowed/let", "*poreuesthai tais hodois autōn*": "to walk in their own ways/to go their own ways/to follow their own paths" } } 17 { "verseID": "Acts.14.17", "source": "Καίτοιγε οὐκ ἀμάρτυρον ἑαυτὸν ἀφῆκεν, ἀγαθοποιῶν, οὐρανόθεν ἡμῖν ὑετοὺς διδοὺς, καὶ καιροὺς καρποφόρους, ἐμπιπλῶν τροφῆς καὶ εὐφροσύνης τὰς καρδίας ἡμῶν.", "text": "*Kaitoige* not *amartyron* himself *aphēken*, *agathopoiōn*, from *ouranothen* to us *hyetous* *didous*, and *kairous* *karpophorous*, *empiplōn* of *trophēs* and *euphrosynēs* the *kardias* of us.", "grammar": { "*Kaitoige*": "conjunction - although/and yet", "*amartyron*": "accusative masculine singular - without witness", "*aphēken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - left/allowed", "*agathopoiōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - doing good", "*ouranothen*": "adverb - from heaven", "*hyetous*": "accusative masculine plural - rains", "*didous*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - giving", "*kairous*": "accusative masculine plural - seasons/times", "*karpophorous*": "accusative masculine plural - fruit-bearing/fruitful", "*empiplōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - filling", "*trophēs*": "genitive feminine singular - food/nourishment", "*euphrosynēs*": "genitive feminine singular - gladness/joy", "*kardias*": "accusative feminine plural - hearts" }, "variants": { "*amartyron heauton aphēken*": "he did not leave himself without witness/he did not leave himself without testimony", "*agathopoiōn*": "doing good/bestowing benefits", "*hyetous*": "rains/rainfall", "*kairous karpophorous*": "fruitful seasons/fruit-bearing times", "*empiplōn trophēs kai euphrosynēs*": "filling with food and joy/filling with nourishment and gladness" } }
• Jer 16:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.16.19", "source": "יְהוָ֞ה עֻזִּ֧י וּמָעֻזִּ֛י וּמְנוּסִ֖י בְּי֣וֹם צָרָ֑ה אֵלֶ֗יךָ גּוֹיִ֤ם יָבֹ֙אוּ֙ מֵֽאַפְסֵי־אָ֔רֶץ וְיֹאמְר֗וּ אַךְ־שֶׁ֙קֶר֙ נָחֲל֣וּ אֲבוֹתֵ֔ינוּ הֶ֖בֶל וְאֵֽין־בָּ֥ם מוֹעִֽיל׃", "text": "*YHWH* *ʿuzzî* and-*māʿuzzî* and-*mənûsî* in-*yôm* *ṣārāh* to-you *gôyim* *yāḇōʾû* from-*ʾap̄sê*-*ʾāreṣ* and-*yōʾmərû* surely-*šeqer* *nāḥălû* *ʾăḇôṯênû* *heḇel* and-nothing-in-them *môʿîl*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʿuzzî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my strength", "*māʿuzzî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my fortress", "*mənûsî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my refuge", "*yôm*": "masculine singular construct - day of", "*ṣārāh*": "feminine singular noun - distress/trouble", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations/peoples", "*yāḇōʾû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall come", "*ʾap̄sê*": "masculine plural construct - ends of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*yōʾmərû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall say", "*šeqer*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood/lie", "*nāḥălû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they inherited", "*ʾăḇôṯênû*": "masculine plural noun + 1st common plural suffix - our fathers", "*heḇel*": "masculine singular noun - vanity/emptiness", "*môʿîl*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - profiting/benefiting" }, "variants": { "*ʿōz*": "strength/might/power", "*māʿôz*": "fortress/stronghold/refuge", "*mānôs*": "refuge/escape/flight", "*ṣārāh*": "distress/trouble/affliction", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*heḇel*": "vanity/emptiness/futility", "*môʿîl*": "benefiting/profiting/useful" } }
• Jer 51:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.51.16", "source": "לְק֨וֹל תִּתּ֜וֹ הֲמ֥וֹן מַ֙יִם֙ בַּשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיַּ֥עַל נְשִׂאִ֖ים מִקְצֵה־אָ֑רֶץ בְּרָקִ֤ים לַמָּטָר֙ עָשָׂ֔ה וַיֹּ֥צֵא ר֖וּחַ מֵאֹצְרֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "At-*qôl* giving-him *hămôn* *mayim* in-the-*šāmayim*, and-*yaʿal* *nĕśiʾîm* from-*qĕṣēh*-*ʾāreṣ*; *bĕrāqîm* for-the-*māṭār* *ʿāśāh* and-*yōṣēʾ* *rûaḥ* from-*ʾōṣĕrōtāyw*.", "grammar": { "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - voice of/sound of", "*tittô*": "qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his giving", "*hămôn*": "masculine singular noun - tumult/abundance", "*mayim*": "masculine plural noun - waters", "*šāmayim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the heavens", "*yaʿal*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he brings up", "*nĕśiʾîm*": "masculine plural noun - clouds/vapors", "*qĕṣēh*": "masculine singular construct - end of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*bĕrāqîm*": "masculine plural noun - lightnings", "*māṭār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the rain", "*ʿāśāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he makes", "*yōṣēʾ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he brings out", "*rûaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - wind/spirit", "*ʾōṣĕrōtāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his storehouses" }, "variants": { "*hămôn*": "tumult/abundance/multitude", "*nĕśiʾîm*": "clouds/vapors/mists", "*bĕrāqîm*": "lightnings/flashes of lightning", "*rûaḥ*": "wind/spirit/breath" } }
• Amos 4:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Amos.4.7", "source": "וְגַ֣ם אָנֹכִי֩ מָנַ֨עְתִּי מִכֶּ֜ם אֶת־הַגֶּ֗שֶׁם בְּע֨וֹד שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה חֳדָשִׁים֙ לַקָּצִ֔יר וְהִמְטַרְתִּי֙ עַל־עִ֣יר אֶחָ֔ת וְעַל־עִ֥יר אַחַ֖ת לֹ֣א אַמְטִ֑יר חֶלְקָ֤ה אַחַת֙ תִּמָּטֵ֔ר וְחֶלְקָ֛ה אֲשֶֽׁר־לֹֽא־תַמְטִ֥יר עָלֶ֖יהָ תִּיבָֽשׁ׃", "text": "*wǝ-gam* *ʾānōkî* *mānaʿtî* from you *ʾet*-the-*gešem* in *ʿôd* *šǝlōšāh* *ḥǒdāšîm* to the-*qāṣîr* *wǝ-himṭartî* upon-*ʿîr* *ʾeḥāt* and upon-*ʿîr* *ʾaḥat* not *ʾamṭîr*; *ḥelqāh* *ʾaḥat* *timmāṭēr* and *ḥelqāh* which-not-*tamṭîr* upon it *tîbāš*", "grammar": { "*wǝ-gam*": "conjunction + particle - and also", "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*mānaʿtî*": "perfect, 1st person singular - I withheld", "*ʾet*-the-*gešem*": "direct object marker + the rain", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/when", "*šǝlōšāh*": "cardinal number, masculine - three", "*ḥǒdāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - months", "*qāṣîr*": "noun, masculine singular - harvest", "*wǝ-himṭartî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st person singular, hiphil - and I caused to rain", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*ʾeḥāt*": "cardinal number, feminine singular - one", "*ʾamṭîr*": "imperfect, 1st person singular, hiphil - I will cause to rain", "*ḥelqāh*": "noun, feminine singular - portion/piece of land", "*timmāṭēr*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular, niphal - it will be rained upon", "*tamṭîr*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular, hiphil - it causes rain", "*tîbāš*": "imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular, qal - it will dry up/wither" }, "variants": { "*mānaʿtî*": "withheld/kept back/restrained", "*gešem*": "rain/shower", "*qāṣîr*": "harvest/harvesting", "*himṭartî*": "caused rain to fall/sent rain", "*ʾamṭîr*": "cause rain to fall/send rain", "*ḥelqāh*": "portion/piece/part of land/field", "*tîbāš*": "dry up/wither/be dried up" } }
• Mic 7:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Micah.7.7", "source": "וַאֲנִי֙ בַּיהוָ֣ה אֲצַפֶּ֔ה אוֹחִ֖ילָה לֵאלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׁעִ֑י יִשְׁמָעֵ֖נִי אֱלֹהָֽי׃", "text": "But *ʾănî* in-*YHWH* *ʾăṣappeh*, *ʾôḥîlāh* to-*ʾĕlōhê* my *yišʿî*; *yišmāʿēnî* my *ʾĕlōhāy*.", "grammar": { "*wa*": "conjunction - and/but", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*ba-YHWH*": "preposition + divine name - in Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʾăṣappeh*": "Piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will watch/look for", "*ʾôḥîlāh*": "Hiphil cohortative, 1st person singular - let me wait for/hope in", "*lē*": "preposition - to/for", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct noun - God of", "*yišʿî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my salvation", "*yišmāʿēnî*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he will hear me", "*ʾĕlōhāy*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my God" }, "variants": { "*ʾăṣappeh*": "I will watch for/look for/wait expectantly for", "*ʾôḥîlāh*": "I will wait for/hope in/long for", "*ʾĕlōhê yišʿî*": "God of my salvation/God my savior", "*yišmāʿēnî*": "he will hear me/listen to me/answer me" } }
• Hab 3:17-19 : 17 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.3.17", "source": "כִּֽי־תְאֵנָ֣ה לֹֽא־תִפְרָ֗ח וְאֵ֤ין יְבוּל֙ בַּגְּפָנִ֔ים כִּחֵשׁ֙ מַעֲשֵׂה־זַ֔יִת וּשְׁדֵמ֖וֹת לֹא־עָ֣שָׂה אֹ֑כֶל גָּזַ֤ר מִמִּכְלָה֙ צֹ֔אן וְאֵ֥ין בָּקָ֖ר בָּרְפָתִֽים׃", "text": "For *tǝʾēnāh* not *ṯip̄rāḥ* and no *yǝḇûl* in the *gǝp̄ānîm*, fails *maʿăśēh-zayiṯ* and *šǝḏēmôṯ* not *ʿāśāh ʾōḵel*, cut-off from *mikǝlāh* *ṣōʾn* and no *bāqār* in the *rǝp̄āṯîm*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/though/although", "*tǝʾēnāh*": "noun feminine singular - fig tree", "*lōʾ-ṯip̄rāḥ*": "negative particle with qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - does not blossom", "*wǝʾên*": "conjunction with particle of non-existence - and there is no", "*yǝḇûl*": "noun masculine singular - produce/yield/fruit", "*baggǝp̄ānîm*": "preposition *bə* with definite article and noun masculine plural - in the vines", "*kiḥēš*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - fails/deceives", "*maʿăśēh-zayiṯ*": "noun masculine singular construct with noun - produce of olive", "*ûšǝḏēmôṯ*": "conjunction with noun feminine plural - and fields", "*lōʾ-ʿāśāh*": "negative particle with qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - does not yield", "*ʾōḵel*": "noun masculine singular - food", "*gāzar*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - is cut off", "*mimmikǝlāh*": "preposition *min* with noun feminine singular - from fold", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun feminine singular - flock/sheep", "*wǝʾên*": "conjunction with particle of non-existence - and there is no", "*bāqār*": "noun masculine singular - cattle/herd", "*bārǝp̄āṯîm*": "preposition *bə* with definite article and noun feminine plural - in the stalls" }, "variants": { "*kiḥēš maʿăśēh-zayiṯ*": "olive crop fails/olive harvest disappoints/labor of olive tree is in vain", "*gāzar mimmikǝlāh ṣōʾn*": "sheep are cut off from the fold/flock is cut off from the pen" } } 18 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.3.18", "source": "וַאֲנִ֖י בַּיהוָ֣ה אֶעְל֑וֹזָה אָגִ֖ילָה בֵּאלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׁעִֽי׃", "text": "And I in *YHWH* *ʾeʿlôzāh*, I-will-rejoice in *ʾĕlōhê yišʿî*.", "grammar": { "*waʾănî*": "conjunction with 1st person singular pronoun - and I", "*baYHWH*": "preposition *bə* with divine name - in YHWH", "*ʾeʿlôzāh*": "qal imperfect cohortative 1st person singular - I will exult/rejoice", "*ʾāḡîlāh*": "qal imperfect cohortative 1st person singular - I will rejoice", "*bēʾlōhê*": "preposition *bə* with noun masculine plural construct - in God of", "*yišʿî*": "noun masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my salvation" }, "variants": { "*ʾeʿlôzāh*": "I will exult/I will rejoice/I will be joyful", "*ʾāḡîlāh*": "I will rejoice/I will be glad/I will celebrate", "*ʾĕlōhê yišʿî*": "God of my salvation/God of my deliverance" } } 19 { "verseID": "Habakkuk.3.19", "source": "יְהוִ֤הּ אֲדֹנָי֙ חֵילִ֔י וַיָּ֤שֶׂם רַגְלַי֙ כָּֽאַיָּל֔וֹת וְעַ֥ל בָּמוֹתַ֖י יַדְרִכֵ֑נִי לַמְנַצֵּ֖חַ בִּנְגִינוֹתָֽי׃", "text": "*YHWH ʾăḏōnāy* is my *ḥêlî*, and he makes my *raḡlay* like *ʾayyālôṯ*, and upon my *bāmôṯay* he makes me tread. For the *mǝnaṣṣēaḥ* with my *nǝḡînôṯāy*.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - my Lord", "*ḥêlî*": "noun masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my strength", "*wayyāśem*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - and he makes/sets", "*raḡlay*": "noun feminine dual with 1st person singular suffix - my feet", "*kāʾayyālôṯ*": "preposition *kə* with definite article and noun feminine plural - like deer/hinds", "*wǝʿal*": "conjunction with preposition - and upon", "*bāmôṯay*": "noun feminine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my high places", "*yaḏrîḵēnî*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he causes me to tread/walk", "*lamǝnaṣṣēaḥ*": "preposition *lə* with piel participle masculine singular - for the choir director/musical director", "*binǝḡînôṯāy*": "preposition *bə* with noun feminine plural with 1st person singular suffix - with my stringed instruments" }, "variants": { "*ḥêlî*": "my strength/my power/my might", "*kāʾayyālôṯ*": "like deer/like hinds/like gazelles (symbols of surefootedness)", "*bāmôṯay*": "my high places/my heights/my elevated places (symbolizing victory and security)", "*lamǝnaṣṣēaḥ binǝḡînôṯāy*": "for the choir director with my stringed instruments/for the music leader with my stringed music" } }
• Isa 44:12-20 : 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.12", "source": "חָרַ֤שׁ בַּרְזֶל֙ מַֽעֲצָ֔ד וּפָעַל֙ בַּפֶּחָ֔ם וּבַמַּקָּב֖וֹת יִצְּרֵ֑הוּ וַיִּפְעָלֵ֙הוּ֙ בִּזְר֣וֹעַ כֹּח֔וֹ גַּם־רָעֵב֙ וְאֵ֣ין כֹּ֔חַ לֹא־שָׁ֥תָה מַ֖יִם וַיִּיעָֽף׃", "text": "*ḥāraš* *barzel* *maʿăṣād* *û-p̄āʿal* *bappeḥām* *û-ḇammaqāḇôt* *yiṣṣərēhû* *wayyip̄ʿālēhû* *bizrôaʿ* *kōḥô* *gam-rāʿēḇ* *wə-ʾên* *kōaḥ* *lōʾ-šātāh* *mayim* *wayyîʿāp̄*", "grammar": { "*ḥāraš*": "noun, masculine singular - craftsman", "*barzel*": "noun, masculine singular - iron", "*maʿăṣād*": "noun, masculine singular - axe/cutting tool", "*û-p̄āʿal*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he works", "*bappeḥām*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with the coals", "*û-ḇammaqāḇôt*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, feminine plural - and with hammers", "*yiṣṣərēhû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he shapes it", "*wayyip̄ʿālēhû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he works it", "*bizrôaʿ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - with arm of", "*kōḥô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his strength", "*gam-rāʿēḇ*": "adverb + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - also he is hungry", "*wə-ʾên*": "conjunction + particle of negation - and there is no", "*kōaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - strength", "*lōʾ-šātāh*": "negative particle + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has not drunk", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*wayyîʿāp̄*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he is weary" }, "variants": { "*ḥāraš*": "craftsman/smith/artisan", "*maʿăṣād*": "axe/cutting tool/chisel", "*p̄āʿal*": "works/labors/makes", "*peḥām*": "coals/charcoal", "*maqāḇôt*": "hammers/mallets", "*yiṣṣərēhû*": "he shapes it/he forms it/he fashions it", "*yip̄ʿālēhû*": "he works it/he makes it/he fashions it", "*rāʿēḇ*": "hungry/famished", "*yîʿāp̄*": "he is weary/he grows faint/he is exhausted" } } 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.13", "source": "חָרַ֣שׁ עֵצִים֮ נָ֣טָה קָו֒ יְתָאֲרֵ֣הוּ בַשֶּׂ֔רֶד יַעֲשֵׂ֙הוּ֙ בַּמַּקְצֻע֔וֹת וּבַמְּחוּגָ֖ה יְתָאֳרֵ֑הוּ וַֽיַּעֲשֵׂ֙הוּ֙ כְּתַבְנִ֣ית אִ֔ישׁ כְּתִפְאֶ֥רֶת אָדָ֖ם לָשֶׁ֥בֶת בָּֽיִת׃", "text": "*ḥāraš* *ʿēṣîm* *nāṭāh* *qāw* *yətāʾărēhû* *baśśered* *yaʿăśēhû* *bammaqṣuʿôt* *û-ḇamməḥûḡāh* *yətāʾŏrēhû* *wayyaʿăśēhû* *kəṯaḇnîṯ* *ʾîš* *kəṯip̄ʾereṯ* *ʾādām* *lāšeḇeṯ* *bāyiṯ*", "grammar": { "*ḥāraš*": "noun, masculine singular - craftsman", "*ʿēṣîm*": "noun, masculine plural - wood/trees", "*nāṭāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he stretches out", "*qāw*": "noun, masculine singular - line/measuring line", "*yətāʾărēhû*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he marks it out", "*baśśered*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with the stylus/chalk line", "*yaʿăśēhû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he makes it", "*bammaqṣuʿôt*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine plural - with the planes/chisels", "*û-ḇamməḥûḡāh*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and with the compass", "*yətāʾŏrēhû*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he marks it", "*wayyaʿăśēhû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he makes it", "*kəṯaḇnîṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - according to the pattern of", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*kəṯip̄ʾereṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - according to the beauty of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/human", "*lāšeḇeṯ*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to dwell", "*bāyiṯ*": "noun, masculine singular - house" }, "variants": { "*ḥāraš*": "craftsman/artisan/worker in", "*ʿēṣîm*": "wood/trees/timber", "*nāṭāh qāw*": "stretches out a line/extends a measuring line", "*yətāʾărēhû*": "marks it out/outlines it/traces it", "*śered*": "stylus/red chalk/marking tool", "*maqṣuʿôt*": "planes/chisels/carving tools", "*məḥûḡāh*": "compass/circle-maker", "*taḇnîṯ*": "pattern/form/figure/likeness", "*tip̄ʾereṯ*": "beauty/glory/splendor", "*lāšeḇeṯ bāyiṯ*": "to dwell in a house/for household residence" } } 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.14", "source": "לִכְרָת־ל֣וֹ אֲרָזִ֔ים וַיִּקַּ֤ח תִּרְזָה֙ וְאַלּ֔וֹן וַיְאַמֶּץ־ל֖וֹ בַּעֲצֵי־יָ֑עַר נָטַ֥ע אֹ֖רֶן וְגֶ֥שֶׁם יְגַדֵּֽל׃", "text": "*liḵrāṯ-lô* *ʾărāzîm* *wayyiqqaḥ* *tirzāh* *wə-ʾallôn* *wayʾammeṣ-lô* *baʿăṣê-yāʿar* *nāṭaʿ* *ʾōren* *wə-ḡešem* *yəḡaddēl*", "grammar": { "*liḵrāṯ-lô*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct + preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to cut down for himself", "*ʾărāzîm*": "noun, masculine plural - cedars", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he takes", "*tirzāh*": "noun, feminine singular - cypress/evergreen oak", "*wə-ʾallôn*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and oak", "*wayʾammeṣ-lô*": "conjunction + verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he selects for himself", "*baʿăṣê-yāʿar*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + noun, masculine singular - among the trees of forest", "*nāṭaʿ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he plants", "*ʾōren*": "noun, masculine singular - pine/ash tree", "*wə-ḡešem*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and rain", "*yəḡaddēl*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - makes grow" }, "variants": { "*liḵrāṯ*": "to cut down/to cut off/to fell", "*ʾărāzîm*": "cedars/cedar trees", "*tirzāh*": "cypress/holm oak/evergreen oak", "*ʾallôn*": "oak/oak tree", "*yʾammeṣ*": "selects/strengthens/secures", "*ʿăṣê-yāʿar*": "trees of forest/forest trees/woodland trees", "*ʾōren*": "pine/ash/fir", "*yəḡaddēl*": "makes grow/nurtures/raises up" } } 15 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.15", "source": "וְהָיָ֤ה לְאָדָם֙ לְבָעֵ֔ר וַיִּקַּ֤ח מֵהֶם֙ וַיָּ֔חָם אַף־יַשִּׂ֖יק וְאָ֣פָה לָ֑חֶם אַף־יִפְעַל־אֵל֙ וַיִּשְׁתָּ֔חוּ עָשָׂ֥הוּ פֶ֖סֶל וַיִּסְגָּד־לָֽמוֹ׃", "text": "*wəhāyāh* *ləʾādām* *ləḇāʿēr* *wayyiqqaḥ* *mēhem* *wayyāḥām* *ʾap̄-yaśśîq* *wəʾāp̄āh* *lāḥem* *ʾap̄-yip̄ʿal-ʾēl* *wayyištāḥû* *ʿāśāhû* *p̄esel* *wayyisggād-lāmô*", "grammar": { "*wəhāyāh*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it becomes", "*ləʾādām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for a person", "*ləḇāʿēr*": "preposition + verb, piel infinitive construct - for burning", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he takes", "*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them", "*wayyāḥām*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he warms himself", "*ʾap̄-yaśśîq*": "adverb + verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - indeed he kindles", "*wəʾāp̄āh*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and bakes", "*lāḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread", "*ʾap̄-yip̄ʿal-ʾēl*": "adverb + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + noun, masculine singular - indeed he makes a god", "*wayyištāḥû*": "conjunction + verb, hishtaphel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he worships", "*ʿāśāhû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he makes it", "*p̄esel*": "noun, masculine singular - an idol", "*wayyisggād-lāmô*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix (archaic) - and he bows down to it" }, "variants": { "*ləḇāʿēr*": "for burning/for fuel/for kindling", "*wayyāḥām*": "and he warms himself/and he gets warm", "*yaśśîq*": "he kindles/he lights/he sets ablaze", "*ʾāp̄āh*": "bakes/prepares", "*yip̄ʿal-ʾēl*": "he makes a god/he fashions a deity", "*yištāḥû*": "he worships/he bows down/he prostrates himself", "*p̄esel*": "idol/carved image/graven image", "*yisggād*": "he bows down/he prostrates himself/he worships" } } 16 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.16", "source": "חֶצְיוֹ֙ שָׂרַ֣ף בְּמוֹ־אֵ֔שׁ עַל־חֶצְיוֹ֙ בָּשָׂ֣ר יֹאכֵ֔ל יִצְלֶ֥ה צָלִ֖י וְיִשְׂבָּ֑ע אַף־יָחֹם֙ וְיֹאמַ֣ר הֶאָ֔ח חַמּוֹתִ֖י רָאִ֥יתִי אֽוּר׃", "text": "*ḥeṣyô* *śārap̄* *bəmô-ʾēš* *ʿal-ḥeṣyô* *bāśār* *yōʾḵēl* *yiṣleh* *ṣālî* *wəyiśbāʿ* *ʾap̄-yāḥōm* *wəyōʾmar* *heʾāḥ* *ḥammôṯî* *rāʾîṯî* *ʾûr*", "grammar": { "*ḥeṣyô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - half of it", "*śārap̄*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he burns", "*bəmô-ʾēš*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in fire", "*ʿal-ḥeṣyô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon half of it", "*bāśār*": "noun, masculine singular - meat/flesh", "*yōʾḵēl*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he eats", "*yiṣleh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he roasts", "*ṣālî*": "noun, masculine singular - roast meat", "*wəyiśbāʿ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he is satisfied", "*ʾap̄-yāḥōm*": "adverb + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - indeed he warms himself", "*wəyōʾmar*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he says", "*heʾāḥ*": "interjection - aha", "*ḥammôṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I am warm", "*rāʾîṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have seen", "*ʾûr*": "noun, masculine singular - fire/flame" }, "variants": { "*ḥeṣyô*": "half of it/part of it", "*bəmô-ʾēš*": "in fire/in the fire", "*bāśār*": "meat/flesh/food", "*yiṣleh ṣālî*": "he roasts meat/he prepares roasted food", "*yiśbāʿ*": "he is satisfied/he is filled/he has enough", "*yāḥōm*": "he warms himself/he gets warm", "*heʾāḥ*": "aha/ah/hurrah (expression of satisfaction)", "*ʾûr*": "fire/flame/light" } } 17 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.17", "source": "וּשְׁאֵ֣רִית֔וֹ לְאֵ֥ל עָשָׂ֖ה לְפִסְל֑וֹ *יסגוד־**יִסְגָּד־ל֤וֹ וְיִשְׁתַּ֙חוּ֙ וְיִתְפַּלֵּ֣ל אֵלָ֔יו וְיֹאמַר֙ הַצִּילֵ֔נִי כִּ֥י אֵלִ֖י אָֽתָּה׃", "text": "*û-šəʾērîṯô* *ləʾēl* *ʿāśāh* *ləp̄islô* *yisggād-lô* *wəyištaḥû* *wəyiṯpallēl* *ʾēlāyw* *wəyōʾmar* *haṣṣîlēnî* *kî* *ʾēlî* *ʾāttāh*", "grammar": { "*û-šəʾērîṯô*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and its remainder", "*ləʾēl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for a god", "*ʿāśāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he makes", "*ləp̄islô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - for his idol", "*yisggād-lô*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he bows down to it", "*wəyištaḥû*": "conjunction + verb, hishtaphel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he worships", "*wəyiṯpallēl*": "conjunction + verb, hitpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he prays", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to it", "*wəyōʾmar*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he says", "*haṣṣîlēnî*": "verb, hiphil imperative, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - deliver me", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾēlî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my god", "*ʾāttāh*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you" }, "variants": { "*šəʾērîṯô*": "its remainder/its residue/the rest of it", "*ʿāśāh*": "he makes/he creates/he fashions", "*p̄islô*": "his idol/his carved image/his graven image", "*yisggād*": "he bows down/he prostrates himself/he worships", "*yištaḥû*": "he worships/he bows down/he prostrates himself", "*yiṯpallēl*": "he prays/he intercedes/he supplicates", "*haṣṣîlēnî*": "deliver me/save me/rescue me" } } 18 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.18", "source": "לֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ וְלֹ֣א יָבִ֑ינוּ כִּ֣י טַ֤ח מֵֽרְאוֹת֙ עֵֽינֵיהֶ֔ם מֵהַשְׂכִּ֖יל לִבֹּתָֽם׃", "text": "*lōʾ* *yādʿû* *wəlōʾ* *yāḇînû* *kî* *ṭaḥ* *mērʾôṯ* *ʿênêhem* *mēhaśkîl* *libbōṯām*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādʿû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they know", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yāḇînû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they understand", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ṭaḥ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has plastered/smeared", "*mērʾôṯ*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - from seeing", "*ʿênêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their eyes", "*mēhaśkîl*": "preposition + verb, hiphil infinitive construct - from understanding/comprehending", "*libbōṯām*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their hearts" }, "variants": { "*yādʿû*": "they know/they are aware/they perceive", "*yāḇînû*": "they understand/they comprehend/they discern", "*ṭaḥ*": "he has plastered/he has smeared/he has covered/he has shut", "*mērʾôṯ*": "from seeing/from perceiving/to keep from seeing", "*mēhaśkîl*": "from understanding/from comprehending/from gaining insight" } } 19 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.19", "source": "וְלֹא־יָשִׁ֣יב אֶל־לִבּ֗וֹ וְלֹ֨א דַ֥עַת וְלֹֽא־תְבוּנָה֮ לֵאמֹר֒ חֶצְי֞וֹ שָׂרַ֣פְתִּי בְמוֹ־אֵ֗שׁ וְ֠אַף אָפִ֤יתִי עַל־גֶּחָלָיו֙ לֶ֔חֶם אֶצְלֶ֥ה בָשָׂ֖ר וְאֹכֵ֑ל וְיִתְרוֹ֙ לְתוֹעֵבָ֣ה אֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה לְב֥וּל עֵ֖ץ אֶסְגּֽוֹד׃", "text": "*wəlōʾ-yāšîḇ* *ʾel-libbô* *wəlōʾ* *ḏaʿaṯ* *wəlōʾ-ṯəḇûnāh* *lēʾmōr* *ḥeṣyô* *śārap̄tî* *ḇəmô-ʾēš* *wəʾap̄* *ʾāp̄îṯî* *ʿal-geḥālāyw* *leḥem* *ʾeṣleh* *ḇāśār* *wəʾōḵēl* *wəyiṯrô* *ləṯôʿēḇāh* *ʾeʿĕśeh* *ləḇûl* *ʿēṣ* *ʾesggôḏ*", "grammar": { "*wəlōʾ-yāšîḇ*": "conjunction + negative particle + verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he does not take to heart", "*ʾel-libbô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his heart", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and no", "*ḏaʿaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - knowledge", "*wəlōʾ-ṯəḇûnāh*": "conjunction + negative particle + noun, feminine singular - and no understanding", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ḥeṣyô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - half of it", "*śārap̄tî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I burned", "*ḇəmô-ʾēš*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in fire", "*wəʾap̄*": "conjunction + adverb - and indeed", "*ʾāp̄îṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I baked", "*ʿal-geḥālāyw*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon its coals", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread", "*ʾeṣleh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I roast", "*ḇāśār*": "noun, masculine singular - flesh/meat", "*wəʾōḵēl*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I eat", "*wəyiṯrô*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and its remainder", "*ləṯôʿēḇāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for an abomination", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I make", "*ləḇûl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - to a block of", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - wood", "*ʾesggôḏ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I bow down" }, "variants": { "*yāšîḇ ʾel-libbô*": "takes to heart/considers/reflects upon", "*ḏaʿaṯ*": "knowledge/awareness/perception", "*ṯəḇûnāh*": "understanding/intelligence/insight", "*śārap̄tî*": "I burned/I consumed with fire", "*ʾāp̄îṯî*": "I baked/I cooked", "*geḥālāyw*": "its coals/its embers", "*ʾeṣleh*": "I roast/I cook", "*yiṯrô*": "its remainder/its residue/the rest of it", "*ṯôʿēḇāh*": "abomination/detestable thing/something abhorrent", "*ḇûl*": "block/log/piece", "*ʾesggôḏ*": "I bow down/I worship/I prostrate myself" } } 20 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.20", "source": "רֹעֶ֣ה אֵ֔פֶר לֵ֥ב הוּתַ֖ל הִטָּ֑הוּ וְלֹֽא־יַצִּ֤יל אֶת־נַפְשׁוֹ֙ וְלֹ֣א יֹאמַ֔ר הֲל֥וֹא שֶׁ֖קֶר בִּימִינִֽי׃", "text": "*rōʿeh* *ʾēp̄er* *lēḇ* *hûṯal* *hiṭṭāhû* *wəlōʾ-yaṣṣîl* *ʾeṯ-nap̄šô* *wəlōʾ* *yōʾmar* *hălôʾ* *šeqer* *bîmînî*", "grammar": { "*rōʿeh*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - feeding on", "*ʾēp̄er*": "noun, masculine singular - ashes", "*lēḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - heart", "*hûṯal*": "verb, hophal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is deceived", "*hiṭṭāhû*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - has led him astray", "*wəlōʾ-yaṣṣîl*": "conjunction + negative particle + verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he cannot deliver", "*ʾeṯ-nap̄šô*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yōʾmar*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he says", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - is not", "*šeqer*": "noun, masculine singular - a lie", "*bîmînî*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - in my right hand" }, "variants": { "*rōʿeh ʾēp̄er*": "feeding on ashes/shepherding ashes/tending to ashes", "*lēḇ hûṯal*": "a deceived heart/a deluded heart", "*hiṭṭāhû*": "has led him astray/has turned him aside/has deluded him", "*yaṣṣîl*": "deliver/save/rescue", "*nap̄šô*": "his soul/his life/himself", "*šeqer*": "lie/falsehood/deception", "*bîmînî*": "in my right hand/in my power" } }
• Jer 10:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.10.13", "source": "לְק֨וֹל תִּתּ֜וֹ הֲמ֥וֹן מַ֙יִם֙ בַּשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיַּעֲלֶ֥ה נְשִׂאִ֖ים מִקְצֵ֣ה *ארץ **הָאָ֑רֶץ בְּרָקִ֤ים לַמָּטָר֙ עָשָׂ֔ה וַיּ֥וֹצֵא ר֖וּחַ מֵאֹצְרֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "To-*qôl* giving-his *hămôn* *mayim* in-*ha-šāmayim* and-he-brings-up *nəśiʾîm* from-edge-of *hā-ʾāreṣ* *bərāqîm* for-*ha-māṭār* *ʿāśāh* and-he-brings-forth *rûaḥ* from-*ʾōṣrōtāyw*", "grammar": { "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - voice of", "*hămôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - multitude of", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*ha-šāmayim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the heavens", "*nəśiʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural - clouds/vapors", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land", "*bərāqîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lightnings", "*ha-māṭār*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the rain", "*ʿāśāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he made/did", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular - wind/spirit/breath", "*ʾōṣrōtāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his storehouses" }, "variants": { "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*hămôn*": "multitude/crowd/abundance/noise", "*nəśiʾîm*": "clouds/vapors/mists", "*bərāqîm*": "lightnings/flashes", "*rûaḥ*": "wind/spirit/breath/air", "*ʾōṣrōtāyw*": "his storehouses/treasuries" } }
• Ps 147:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.147.8", "source": "הַֽמְכַסֶּ֬ה שָׁמַ֨יִם ׀ בְּעָבִ֗ים הַמֵּכִ֣ין לָאָ֣רֶץ מָטָ֑ר הַמַּצְמִ֖יחַ הָרִ֣ים חָצִֽיר׃", "text": "*Hamkhasseh shāmayim beʿābîm hammēkhîn lāʾārets māṭār hammatsemiakh hārîm hātsîr*", "grammar": { "*Hamkhasseh*": "participle with definite article, masculine singular, Piel - the one covering", "*shāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural - heavens/sky", "*beʿābîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - with clouds", "*hammēkhîn*": "participle with definite article, masculine singular, Hiphil - the one preparing", "*lāʾārets*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - for the earth", "*māṭār*": "noun, masculine singular - rain", "*hammatsemiakh*": "participle with definite article, masculine singular, Hiphil - the one causing to grow", "*hārîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the mountains", "*hātsîr*": "noun, masculine singular - grass/vegetation" }, "variants": { "*Hamkhasseh*": "covers/covering/who covers", "*shāmayim*": "heavens/sky/skies", "*ʿābîm*": "clouds/thick clouds", "*hammēkhîn*": "prepares/provides/makes ready", "*māṭār*": "rain/rainfall", "*hammatsemiakh*": "makes grow/causes to sprout", "*hātsîr*": "grass/hay/vegetation" } }
• Isa 30:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.18", "source": "וְלָכֵן יְחַכֶּה יְהוָה לַחֲנַנְכֶם וְלָכֵן יָרוּם לְרַחֶמְכֶם כִּי־אֱלֹהֵי מִשְׁפָּט יְהוָה אַשְׁרֵי כָּל־חוֹכֵי לוֹ׃", "text": "And therefore *yeḥakkeh* *Yhwh* to *laḥănankem* and therefore *yārûm* to *raḥemkem*, for *ʾělōhê* of *mišpāṭ* [is] *Yhwh*. *ʾašrê* all *ḥôkê* for him.", "grammar": { "*yeḥakkeh*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will wait", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*laḥănankem*": "qal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to show grace to you", "*yārûm*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will rise/exalt", "*raḥemkem*": "piel infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to have mercy on you", "*ʾělōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - justice/judgment", "*ʾašrê*": "construct plural noun - blessed/happy", "*ḥôkê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - those waiting for" }, "variants": { "*yeḥakkeh*": "he will wait/long for/expect", "*laḥănankem*": "to show grace to you/be gracious to you/favor you", "*yārûm*": "he will rise/exalt/be lifted up", "*raḥemkem*": "to have mercy on you/have compassion on you", "*ʾělōhê*": "God of/deity of", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/fairness", "*ʾašrê*": "blessed/happy/fortunate", "*ḥôkê*": "those waiting for/expecting/hoping in" } }
• 1 Kgs 17:14 : 14 { "verseID": "1 Kings.17.14", "source": "כִּ֣י כֹה֩ אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כַּ֤ד הַקֶּ֙מַח֙ לֹ֣א תִכְלָ֔ה וְצַפַּ֥חַת הַשֶּׁ֖מֶן לֹ֣א תֶחְסָ֑ר עַ֠ד י֧וֹם *תתן־**תֵּת־יְהוָ֛ה גֶּ֖שֶׁם עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָֽה׃", "text": "For *kî* thus *ḵōh* has *ʾāmar* *yhwh* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl*, the jar of *kaḏ* the *haqqemaḥ* shall not *lōʾ* *tiḵlāh* and the flask of *wǝṣappaḥat* the *haššemen* shall not *lōʾ* *teḥsār* until *ʿaḏ* *yôm* *tēt-yhwh* *gešem* upon the face of *ʿal-pǝnê* the *hāʾăḏāmāh*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for", "*ḵōh*": "adverb - thus", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has said", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine singular construct - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*kaḏ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - jar of", "*haqqemaḥ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the flour", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tiḵlāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - shall be finished", "*wǝṣappaḥat*": "waw + noun, feminine singular construct - and flask of", "*haššemen*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the oil", "*teḥsār*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - shall lack", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - day of", "*tēt-yhwh*": "qal infinitive construct + divine name - YHWH giving", "*gešem*": "noun, masculine singular - rain", "*ʿal-pǝnê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - upon the face of", "*hāʾăḏāmāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the ground" }, "variants": { "*kî*": "for/because", "*ḵōh*": "thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "has said/has spoken", "*kaḏ*": "jar/container", "*qemaḥ*": "flour/meal", "*tiḵlāh*": "shall be finished/shall be used up", "*ṣappaḥat*": "flask/jug", "*šemen*": "oil/fat", "*teḥsār*": "shall lack/shall be wanting", "*ʿaḏ*": "until/up to", "*tēt*": "giving/providing", "*gešem*": "rain/shower", "*ʿal-pǝnê*": "upon the face of/upon the surface of", "*ʾăḏāmāh*": "ground/earth/soil" } }
• 1 Kgs 18:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.1", "source": "וַיְהִי֙ יָמִ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים וּדְבַר־יְהוָ֗ה הָיָה֙ אֶל־אֵ֣לִיָּ֔הוּ בַּשָּׁנָ֥ה הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֖ית לֵאמֹ֑ר לֵ֚ךְ הֵרָאֵ֣ה אֶל־אַחְאָ֔ב וְאֶתְּנָ֥ה מָטָ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָֽה", "text": "And *wayəhî* *yāmîm* *rabbîm* and *dəbar*-*YHWH* *hāyāh* to-*ʾēlîyāhû* in-the-*šānāh* the-*šəlîšît* *lēʾmōr* *lēk* *hērāʾēh* to-*ʾaḥʾāb* and-*ʾettənāh* *māṭār* upon-*pənê* the-*ʾădāmāh*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and it came to pass/and it happened", "*yāmîm*": "noun masculine plural - days", "*rabbîm*": "adjective masculine plural - many", "*dəbar*": "noun masculine singular construct - word/matter of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect 3ms - was/happened/came", "*ʾēlîyāhû*": "proper name - Elijah", "*šānāh*": "noun feminine singular - year", "*šəlîšît*": "adjective feminine singular - third", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*lēk*": "qal imperative masculine singular - go", "*hērāʾēh*": "niphal imperative masculine singular - show yourself/appear", "*ʾaḥʾāb*": "proper name - Ahab", "*ʾettənāh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1cs cohortative - and I will give", "*māṭār*": "noun masculine singular - rain", "*pənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - face/surface of", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun feminine singular - ground/earth/land" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass", "*dəbar*": "word/speech/command/matter", "*hāyāh*": "came/was/happened", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say", "*hērāʾēh*": "show yourself/appear/be seen", "*ʾettənāh*": "I will give/I will send/I will allow" } }
• 1 Kgs 18:39-45 : 39 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.39", "source": "וַיַּרְא֙ כָּל־הָעָ֔ם וַֽיִּפְּל֖וּ עַל־פְּנֵיהֶ֑ם וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ יְהוָה֙ ה֣וּא הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים יְהוָ֖ה ה֥וּא הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*wă-yar'* all-the-*'ām* *wă-yippĕlû* on-*pĕnêhem* *wă-yō'mĕrû* *YHWH* *hû'* the-*'ĕlōhîm* *YHWH* *hû'* the-*'ĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*wă-yar'*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he/it saw", "*'ām*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people", "*wă-yippĕlû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they fell", "*pĕnêhem*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their faces", "*wă-yō'mĕrû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*hû'*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "common noun, masculine plural with definite article - the God" }, "variants": { "*'ām*": "people/nation", "*pĕnêhem*": "their faces/their presence", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings" } } 40 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.40", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר֩ אֵלִיָּ֨הוּ לָהֶ֜ם תִּפְשׂ֣וּ ׀ אֶת־נְבִיאֵ֣י הַבַּ֗עַל אִ֛ישׁ אַל־יִמָּלֵ֥ט מֵהֶ֖ם וַֽיִּתְפְּשׂ֑וּם וַיּוֹרִדֵ֤ם אֵלִיָּ֙הוּ֙ אֶל־נַ֣חַל קִישׁ֔וֹן וַיִּשְׁחָטֵ֖ם שָֽׁם׃", "text": "*wă-yō'mer* *'ēlîyāhû* to-them *tip̄śû* *'et*-*nĕḇî'ê* the-*ba'al* *'îš* not-*yimmālēṭ* from-them *wă-yitpĕśûm* *wă-yôridēm* *'ēlîyāhû* to-*naḥal* *qîšôn* *wă-yišḥāṭēm* there", "grammar": { "*wă-yō'mer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*'ēlîyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Elijah", "*tip̄śû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - seize", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*nĕḇî'ê*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - prophets of", "*ba'al*": "proper noun, masculine singular with definite article - the Baal", "*'îš*": "common noun, masculine singular - man", "*yimmālēṭ*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he escape", "*wă-yitpĕśûm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and they seized them", "*wă-yôridēm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he brought them down", "*'ēlîyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Elijah", "*naḥal*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - wadi/brook of", "*qîšôn*": "proper noun - Kishon", "*wă-yišḥāṭēm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he slaughtered them" }, "variants": { "*tip̄śû*": "seize/capture/grasp", "*nĕḇî'ê*": "prophets/spokespersons", "*yimmālēṭ*": "escape/slip away/be delivered", "*naḥal*": "wadi/brook/valley", "*yišḥāṭēm*": "slaughtered/killed/slew" } } 41 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.41", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלִיָּ֙הוּ֙ לְאַחְאָ֔ב עֲלֵ֖ה אֱכֹ֣ל וּשְׁתֵ֑ה כִּי־ק֖וֹל הֲמ֥וֹן הַגָּֽשֶׁם׃", "text": "*wă-yō'mer* *'ēlîyāhû* to-*'aḥ'āḇ* *'ălēh* *'ĕḵōl* and-*šĕtēh* for-*qôl* *hămôn* the-*gāšem*", "grammar": { "*wă-yō'mer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*'ēlîyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Elijah", "*'aḥ'āḇ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ahab", "*'ălēh*": "qal imperative masculine singular - go up", "*'ĕḵōl*": "qal imperative masculine singular - eat", "*šĕtēh*": "qal imperative masculine singular - drink", "*qôl*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - sound of", "*hămôn*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - abundance of", "*gāšem*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the rain" }, "variants": { "*'ălēh*": "go up/ascend", "*qôl*": "sound/voice/noise", "*hămôn*": "abundance/multitude/noise", "*gāšem*": "rain/heavy rain" } } 42 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.42", "source": "וַיַּעֲלֶ֥ה אַחְאָ֖ב לֶאֱכֹ֣ל וְלִשְׁתּ֑וֹת וְאֵ֨לִיָּ֜הוּ עָלָ֨ה אֶל־רֹ֤אשׁ הַכַּרְמֶל֙ וַיִּגְהַ֣ר אַ֔רְצָה וַיָּ֥שֶׂם פָּנָ֖יו בֵּ֥ין בִּרְכָּֽיו׃", "text": "*wă-ya'ăleh* *'aḥ'āḇ* to-*'ĕḵōl* and-to-*šĕtôt* and-*'ēlîyāhû* *'ālāh* to-*rō'š* the-*karmel* *wă-yighar* *'arṣâ* *wă-yāśem* *pānāyw* between *birkāyw*", "grammar": { "*wă-ya'ăleh*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went up", "*'aḥ'āḇ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ahab", "*'ĕḵōl*": "qal infinitive construct - to eat", "*šĕtôt*": "qal infinitive construct - to drink", "*'ēlîyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Elijah", "*'ālāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he went up", "*rō'š*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - top of", "*karmel*": "proper noun with definite article - the Carmel", "*wă-yighar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he bowed down", "*'arṣâ*": "common noun, feminine singular + directional he - to the ground", "*wă-yāśem*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he put", "*pānāyw*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face", "*birkāyw*": "common noun, feminine dual construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his knees" }, "variants": { "*ya'ăleh*": "went up/ascended", "*rō'š*": "head/top/summit", "*yighar*": "bowed down/crouched down/bent over", "*'arṣâ*": "to the ground/earthward", "*pānāyw*": "his face/his presence", "*birkāyw*": "his knees" } } 43 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.43", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶֽל־נַעֲר֗וֹ עֲלֵֽה־נָא֙ הַבֵּ֣ט דֶּֽרֶךְ־יָ֔ם וַיַּ֙עַל֙ וַיַּבֵּ֔ט וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אֵ֣ין מְא֑וּמָה וַיֹּ֕אמֶר שֻׁ֖ב שֶׁ֥בַע פְּעָמִֽים׃", "text": "*wă-yō'mer* to-*na'ărô* *'ălēh*-*nā'* *habbēṭ* *dereḵ*-*yām* *wă-ya'al* *wă-yabbēṭ* *wă-yō'mer* *'ên* *mĕ'ûmâ* *wă-yō'mer* *šuḇ* *šeḇa'* *pĕ'āmîm*", "grammar": { "*wă-yō'mer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*na'ărô*": "common noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his servant/young man", "*'ălēh*": "qal imperative masculine singular - go up", "*nā'*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*habbēṭ*": "hiphil imperative masculine singular - look/observe", "*dereḵ*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - way of", "*yām*": "common noun, masculine singular - sea", "*wă-ya'al*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went up", "*wă-yabbēṭ*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he looked", "*'ên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*mĕ'ûmâ*": "indefinite pronoun - anything", "*šuḇ*": "qal imperative masculine singular - return", "*šeḇa'*": "cardinal number - seven", "*pĕ'āmîm*": "common noun, feminine plural - times" }, "variants": { "*na'ărô*": "his servant/his attendant/his young man", "*'ălēh*": "go up/ascend", "*habbēṭ*": "look/observe/gaze", "*dereḵ*-*yām*": "way of the sea/toward the sea", "*'ên* *mĕ'ûmâ*": "there is nothing/not anything", "*šuḇ*": "return/go back/do again" } } 44 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.44", "source": "וֽ͏ַיְהִי֙ בַּשְּׁבִעִ֔ית וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּה־עָ֛ב קְטַנָּ֥ה כְּכַף־אִ֖ישׁ עֹלָ֣ה מִיָּ֑ם וַיֹּ֗אמֶר עֲלֵ֨ה אֱמֹ֤ר אֶל־אַחְאָב֙ אֱסֹ֣ר וָרֵ֔ד וְלֹ֥א יַעַצָרְכָ֖ה הַגָּֽשֶׁם׃", "text": "*wă-yĕhî* in-the-*šĕḇî'ît* *wă-yō'mer* behold-*'āḇ* *qĕṭannâ* like-*kap*-*'îš* *'ōlâ* from-*yām* *wă-yō'mer* *'ălēh* *'ĕmōr* to-*'aḥ'āḇ* *'ĕsōr* and-*rēd* and-not *ya'ăṣārḵâ* the-*gāšem*", "grammar": { "*wă-yĕhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it happened", "*šĕḇî'ît*": "ordinal number, feminine singular with definite article - the seventh", "*wă-yō'mer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*'āḇ*": "common noun, masculine singular - cloud", "*qĕṭannâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - small", "*kap*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - palm of", "*'îš*": "common noun, masculine singular - man", "*'ōlâ*": "qal active participle feminine singular - rising", "*yām*": "common noun, masculine singular - sea", "*'ălēh*": "qal imperative masculine singular - go up", "*'ĕmōr*": "qal imperative masculine singular - say", "*'aḥ'āḇ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ahab", "*'ĕsōr*": "qal imperative masculine singular - harness/bind", "*rēd*": "qal imperative masculine singular - go down", "*ya'ăṣārḵâ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - it will stop you", "*gāšem*": "common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the rain" }, "variants": { "*šĕḇî'ît*": "seventh (time)", "*'āḇ*": "cloud/dark cloud/thick cloud", "*qĕṭannâ*": "small/little", "*kap*-*'îš*": "like a man's palm/hand", "*'ōlâ*": "rising/ascending/going up", "*'ĕsōr*": "harness/bind/prepare (chariot)", "*rēd*": "go down/descend", "*ya'ăṣārḵâ*": "stop you/restrain you/detain you" } } 45 { "verseID": "1 Kings.18.45", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י ׀ עַד־כֹּ֣ה וְעַד־כֹּ֗ה וְהַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ הִֽתְקַדְּרוּ֙ עָבִ֣ים וְר֔וּחַ וַיְהִ֖י גֶּ֣שֶׁם גָּד֑וֹל וַיִּרְכַּ֥ב אַחְאָ֖ב וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ יִזְרְעֶֽאלָה׃", "text": "*Wayəhî* until-*kōh* *wə*-until-*kōh* *wə*-the-*šāmayim* *hitqaddərû* *ʿābîm* *wə*-*rûaḥ* *wayəhî* *gešem* *gādôl* *wayyirkab* *ʾaḥʾāb* *wayyēlek* *yizrəʿeʾlâ*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it happened/came to pass", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/here/in this manner", "*wə*-": "conjunction - and", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine, plural - heavens/sky", "*hitqaddərû*": "Hitpael perfect 3rd common plural - darkened themselves/became black", "*ʿābîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - clouds", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine, singular - wind/spirit", "*wayəhî*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and there was", "*gešem*": "noun, masculine, singular - rain", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine, singular - great/heavy", "*wayyirkab*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he rode", "*ʾaḥʾāb*": "proper noun - Ahab", "*wayyēlek*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*yizrəʿeʾlâ*": "proper noun with directional suffix - to Jezreel" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass/and it was", "*kōh*": "thus/so/here/this way", "*hitqaddərû*": "grew dark/became black/were covered", "*ʿābîm*": "clouds/dark masses", "*rûaḥ*": "wind/spirit/breath", "*gešem*": "rain/downpour", "*gādôl*": "great/heavy/intense" } }
• Job 5:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Job.5.10", "source": "הַנֹּתֵ֣ן מָ֭טָר עַל־פְּנֵי־אָ֑רֶץ וְשֹׁ֥לֵֽחַ מַ֝יִם עַל־פְּנֵ֥י חוּצֽוֹת׃", "text": "the-*nōtēn* *māṭār* upon-*pənê*-*ʾāreṣ* *wə*-*šōlēaḥ* *mayim* upon-*pənê* *ḥûṣōt*", "grammar": { "*nōtēn*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one giving", "*māṭār*": "noun, masculine singular - rain", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of/surface of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*šōlēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - sending", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of/surface of", "*ḥûṣōt*": "noun, feminine plural - streets/fields/outside places" }, "variants": { "*nōtēn*": "giver/one who gives", "*māṭār*": "rain", "*pənê*": "face of/surface of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*šōlēaḥ*": "sender/one who sends", "*mayim*": "waters/water", "*ḥûṣōt*": "streets/fields/outplaces" } }
• Job 38:26-28 : 26 { "verseID": "Job.38.26", "source": "לְ֭הַמְטִיר עַל־אֶ֣רֶץ לֹא־אִ֑ישׁ מִ֝דְבָּ֗ר לֹא־אָדָ֥ם בּֽוֹ׃", "text": "To-*hamṭîr* upon-*ʾereṣ* no-*ʾîš* *midbār* no-*ʾādām* in-it.", "grammar": { "*lə*": "preposition - to/for", "*hamṭîr*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to rain", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - no/not", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - no/not", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - human/mankind", "*bô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in it" }, "variants": { "*hamṭîr*": "to cause to rain/to send rain", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*ʾîš*": "man/person", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/wasteland", "*ʾādām*": "human/mankind/person" } } 27 { "verseID": "Job.38.27", "source": "לְהַשְׂבִּ֣יעַ שֹׁ֭אָה וּמְשֹׁאָ֑ה וּ֝לְהַצְמִ֗יחַ מֹ֣צָא דֶֽשֶׁא׃", "text": "To-*haśbîaʿ* *šōʾâ* and-*məšōʾâ* and-to-*haṣmîaḥ* *mōṣāʾ* *dešeʾ*.", "grammar": { "*lə*": "preposition - to/for", "*haśbîaʿ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to satisfy/saturate", "*šōʾâ*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation/waste", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*məšōʾâ*": "noun, feminine singular - devastation/ruin", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*lə*": "preposition - to/for", "*haṣmîaḥ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to sprout/grow", "*mōṣāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - place of going forth", "*dešeʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - grass/tender herb" }, "variants": { "*haśbîaʿ*": "to satisfy/to saturate/to fill", "*šōʾâ*": "desolation/waste/devastation", "*məšōʾâ*": "devastation/ruin/wasteland", "*haṣmîaḥ*": "to cause to sprout/to cause to grow", "*mōṣāʾ*": "place of going forth/sprouting place", "*dešeʾ*": "grass/tender herb/vegetation" } } 28 { "verseID": "Job.38.28", "source": "הֲיֵשׁ־לַמָּטָ֥ר אָ֑ב א֥וֹ מִי־ה֝וֹלִ֗יד אֶגְלֵי־טָֽל׃", "text": "?-Is-there-for-*māṭār* *ʾāb* or who-*hôlîd* *ʾeglê*-*ṭāl*?", "grammar": { "*hă*": "interrogative particle - ?", "*yēš*": "existential particle - there is/exists", "*la*": "preposition - for/to", "*māṭār*": "noun, masculine singular - rain", "*ʾāb*": "noun, masculine singular - father", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who?", "*hôlîd*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he begot/brought forth", "*ʾeglê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - drops of", "*ṭāl*": "noun, masculine singular - dew" }, "variants": { "*māṭār*": "rain/rainfall", "*ʾāb*": "father/ancestor/originator", "*hôlîd*": "he begot/he brought forth/he fathered", "*ʾeglê*": "drops/globules", "*ṭāl*": "dew" } }
• Ps 25:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.25.3", "source": "גַּ֣ם כָּל־ק֭וֹיֶךָ לֹ֣א יֵבֹ֑שׁוּ יֵ֝בֹ֗שׁוּ הַבּוֹגְדִ֥ים רֵיקָֽם", "text": "*gam kol-qôyêḵā* not *yēḇōšû* *yēḇōšû haḇḇôgĕdîm rêqām*", "grammar": { "*gam*": "adverb - 'also/indeed/moreover'", "*kol-qôyêḵā*": "noun construct + participle, Qal masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'all who wait for you'", "*yēḇōšû*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - 'they will be ashamed'", "*haḇḇôgĕdîm*": "definite article + participle, Qal masculine plural - 'the ones acting treacherously'", "*rêqām*": "adverb - 'emptily/without cause'" }, "variants": { "*qôyêḵā*": "those who wait for you/hope in you/expect you", "*yēḇōšû*": "be ashamed/be disappointed/be confounded", "*haḇḇôgĕdîm*": "the treacherous ones/the betrayers/the unfaithful", "*rêqām*": "without cause/in vain/emptily" } }
• Ps 27:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.27.14", "source": "קַוֵּ֗ה אֶל־יְה֫וָ֥ה חֲ֭זַק וְיַאֲמֵ֣ץ לִבֶּ֑ךָ וְ֝קַוֵּ֗ה אֶל־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*qawwēh* *ʾel*-*YHWH* *ḥăzaq* *wə-yaʾămēṣ* *libbeka* *wə-qawwēh* *ʾel*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*qawwēh*": "piel imperative masculine singular - wait for/hope in", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto/toward", "*YHWH*": "divine name - tetragrammaton", "*ḥăzaq*": "qal imperative masculine singular - be strong", "*wə-yaʾămēṣ*": "conjunction + hiphil jussive 3rd person masculine singular - and let it strengthen", "*libbeka*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*wə-qawwēh*": "conjunction + piel imperative masculine singular - and wait for/hope in" }, "variants": { "*qawwēh*": "wait for/hope in/expect", "*ḥăzaq*": "be strong/prevail/be firm", "*yaʾămēṣ*": "let it strengthen/make bold/fortify", "*libbeka*": "your heart/mind/courage", "*qawwēh*": "wait for/hope in/expect" } }
• Ps 74:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.74.1", "source": "מַשְׂכִּ֗יל לְאָ֫סָ֥ף לָמָ֣ה אֱ֭לֹהִים זָנַ֣חְתָּ לָנֶ֑צַח יֶעְשַׁ֥ן אַ֝פְּךָ֗ בְּצֹ֣אן מַרְעִיתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*Maskil* to *Asaph*. Why, *Elohim*, have you *zanachta* forever? Why *ye'shan* your *af* against *tson* of your *mar'itecha*?", "grammar": { "*Maskil*": "masculine singular construct - instructive psalm/contemplation", "*Asaph*": "proper name with preposition lamed - 'to/for Asaph'", "*Elohim*": "masculine plural noun used as singular divine name - God", "*zanachta*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you have rejected/cast off'", "*lanetsach*": "preposition + noun - 'forever/completely'", "*ye'shan*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'smokes/will smoke'", "*af*": "masculine singular construct with 2nd person suffix - 'your anger/nostril'", "*tson*": "collective noun - 'sheep/flock'", "*mar'itecha*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your pasture'" }, "variants": { "*Maskil*": "contemplative poem/skillful psalm/instructive psalm", "*zanachta*": "rejected/cast off/abandoned", "*lanetsach*": "forever/completely/perpetually", "*ye'shan*": "smokes/burns/fumes", "*af*": "anger/nostril/face" } } 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.74.2", "source": "זְכֹ֤ר עֲדָתְךָ֨ ׀ קָ֘נִ֤יתָ קֶּ֗דֶם גָּ֭אַלְתָּ שֵׁ֣בֶט נַחֲלָתֶ֑ךָ הַר־צִ֝יּ֗וֹן זֶ֤ה ׀ שָׁכַ֬נְתָּ בּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Zechor* your *adat* you *qanita* *qedem*, you *ga'alta* *shevet* your *nachalatecha*, *har-Tsiyon* this you *shachanta* in it.", "grammar": { "*Zechor*": "qal imperative masculine singular - 'remember!'", "*adat*": "feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your congregation/assembly'", "*qanita*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you acquired/purchased'", "*qedem*": "noun - 'ancient times/east/before'", "*ga'alta*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you redeemed'", "*shevet*": "masculine singular construct - 'tribe/rod of'", "*nachalatecha*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your inheritance'", "*har-Tsiyon*": "construct phrase - 'Mount Zion'", "*shachanta*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - 'you dwelled'" }, "variants": { "*qedem*": "of old/ancient times/from the east/before", "*adat*": "congregation/assembly/community", "*shevet*": "tribe/rod/scepter", "*nachalatecha*": "your inheritance/possession/heritage" } }
• 1 Kgs 8:36 : 36 { "verseID": "1 Kings.8.36", "source": "וְאַתָּ֣ה ׀ תִּשְׁמַ֣ע הַשָּׁמַ֗יִם וְסָ֨לַחְתָּ֜ לְחַטַּ֤את עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ וְעַמְּךָ֣ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּ֥י תוֹרֵ֛ם אֶת־הַדֶּ֥רֶךְ הַטּוֹבָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֽ͏ֵלְכוּ־בָ֑הּ וְנָתַתָּ֤ה מָטָר֙ עַל־אַרְצְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥תָּה לְעַמְּךָ֖ לְנַחֲלָֽה׃ ס", "text": "And you *tišmaʿ* *haššāmayim* and *wəsālaḥtā* to *ḥaṭṭaʾt* *ʿăbādeykā* and *ʿamməkā* *yiśrāʾēl*, because *tôrēm* *ʾet*-*hadderek* *haṭṭôbâ* which *yēlkû*-in it; and *wənātattâ* *māṭār* upon *ʾarṣəkā* which *nātattâ* to *ʿamməkā* for *nǎḥălâ*.", "grammar": { "*tišmaʿ*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will hear", "*haššāmayim*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the heavens", "*wəsālaḥtā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall forgive", "*ḥaṭṭaʾt*": "noun feminine singular construct - sin of", "*ʿăbādeykā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your servants", "*ʿamməkā*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*tôrēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - you teach them", "*hadderek*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the way", "*haṭṭôbâ*": "definite article + adjective feminine singular - the good", "*yēlkû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will walk", "*wənātattâ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall give", "*māṭār*": "noun masculine singular - rain", "*ʾarṣəkā*": "noun feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your land", "*nātattâ*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you gave", "*ʿamməkā*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people", "*nǎḥălâ*": "noun feminine singular - inheritance/possession" }, "variants": { "*yārâ*": "teach/instruct/direct", "*derek*": "way/path/journey/manner", "*hālak*": "walk/go/come/behave", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*nǎḥălâ*": "inheritance/heritage/possession" } }