Verse 12

{ "verseID": "Psalms.107.12", "source": "וַיַּכְנַ֣ע בֶּעָמָ֣ל לִבָּ֑ם כָּ֝שְׁל֗וּ וְאֵ֣ין עֹזֵֽר", "text": "and-*yaknaʿ* with-*ʿāmāl* *libbām* *kāšᵊlû* and-*ʾên* *ʿōzēr*", "grammar": { "*yaknaʿ*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he humbled/subdued", "*ʿāmāl*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition bet - with labor/trouble", "*libbām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*kāšᵊlû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they stumbled/fell", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation with prefixed conjunction waw - and there was no", "*ʿōzēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - helper" }, "variants": { "*yaknaʿ*": "he humbled/subdued/brought down", "*ʿāmāl*": "labor/trouble/toil/hardship", "*libbām*": "their heart/mind/inner self", "*kāšᵊlû*": "they stumbled/fell/were brought down", "*ʿōzēr*": "helper/one who helps" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Ps 22:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.22.11", "source": "עָ֭לֶיךָ הָשְׁלַ֣כְתִּי מֵרָ֑חֶם מִבֶּ֥טֶן אִ֝מִּ֗י אֵ֣לִי אָֽתָּה׃", "text": "Upon-you *hušlaktî* from-*rāḥem* from-*beṭen* *ʾimmî* *ʾēlî* *ʾāttâ*", "grammar": { "*hušlaktî*": "verb, hophal perfect, 1st person singular - 'I was cast'", "*rāḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - 'womb'", "*beṭen*": "noun, feminine singular construct - 'womb of'", "*ʾimmî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - 'my mother'", "*ʾēlî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - 'my God'", "*ʾāttâ*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - 'you'" }, "variants": { "*hušlaktî*": "I was cast/thrown/placed", "*rāḥem*": "womb/compassion", "*beṭen*": "womb/belly/body" } }
  • Ps 142:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.142.4", "source": "בְּהִתְעַטֵּ֬ף עָלַ֨י ׀ רוּחִ֗י וְאַתָּה֮ יָדַ֢עְתָּ נְֽתִיבָ֫תִ֥י בְּאֹֽרַח־ז֥וּ אֲהַלֵּ֑ךְ טָמְנ֖וּ פַ֣ח לִֽי׃", "text": "In *hitʿaṭṭēp* upon me *rûḥî* and *ʾattâ* *yādaʿtā* *nĕtîbātî*; in *ʾōraḥ*-this *ʾăhallēk* *ṭāmĕnû* *paḥ* for me.", "grammar": { "*bĕ*": "preposition - in/when", "*hitʿaṭṭēp*": "infinitive construct, hitpael - overwhelming/fainting", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - upon me", "*rûḥî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my spirit", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾattâ*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you", "*yādaʿtā*": "2nd masculine singular perfect, qal - you know", "*nĕtîbātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my path", "*bĕ*": "preposition - in", "*ʾōraḥ*": "masculine singular noun - way/path", "*zû*": "demonstrative pronoun - this", "*ʾăhallēk*": "1st person singular imperfect, piel - I walk", "*ṭāmĕnû*": "3rd person plural perfect, qal - they have hidden", "*paḥ*": "masculine singular noun - trap/snare", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - for me" }, "variants": { "*hitʿaṭṭēp*": "overwhelming/fainting/growing feeble", "*rûḥî*": "my spirit/my breath/my inner being", "*nĕtîbātî*": "my path/my way", "*ʾōraḥ*": "way/path/trail", "*ʾăhallēk*": "I walk/I go", "*ṭāmĕnû*": "they have hidden/they have set" } }
  • Isa 51:19-20 : 19 { "verseID": "Isaiah.51.19", "source": "שְׁתַּ֤יִם הֵ֙נָּה֙ קֹֽרְאֹתַ֔יִךְ מִ֖י יָנ֣וּד לָ֑ךְ הַשֹּׁ֧ד וְהַשֶּׁ֛בֶר וְהָרָעָ֥ב וְהַחֶ֖רֶב מִ֥י אֲנַחֲמֵֽךְ", "text": "*šəttayim hēnnâ qōrə'ōtayik mî yānûd lāk haššōd wəhaššeber wəhārā'āb wəhaḥereb mî 'ănaḥămēk*", "grammar": { "*šəttayim*": "numeral, feminine - two", "*hēnnâ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine plural - these", "*qōrə'ōtayik*": "Qal participle, feminine plural with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - are befalling you", "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*yānûd*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will sympathize", "*lāk*": "preposition with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - for you", "*haššōd*": "definite article + common noun, masculine singular - the devastation", "*wəhaššeber*": "conjunction + definite article + common noun, masculine singular - and the destruction", "*wəhārā'āb*": "conjunction + definite article + common noun, masculine singular - and the famine", "*wəhaḥereb*": "conjunction + definite article + common noun, feminine singular - and the sword", "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*'ănaḥămēk*": "Piel imperfect, 1st person singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - I will comfort you" }, "variants": { "*qōrə'ōtayik*": "are befalling you/are happening to you/are encountering you", "*yānûd*": "will sympathize/will console/will comfort", "*šōd*": "devastation/destruction/ruin", "*šeber*": "destruction/ruin/breaking", "*'ănaḥămēk*": "I will comfort you/I will console you" } } 20 { "verseID": "Isaiah.51.20", "source": "בָּנַ֜יִךְ עֻלְּפ֥וּ שָׁכְב֛וּ בְּרֹ֥אשׁ כָּל־חוּצ֖וֹת כְּת֣וֹא מִכְמָ֑ר הַֽמְלֵאִ֥ים חֲמַת־יְהוָ֖ה גַּעֲרַ֥ת אֱלֹהָֽיִךְ", "text": "*bānayk 'ulləpû šākəbû bərō'š kol-ḥûṣôt kətô' mikmār hamələ'îm ḥămat-YHWH ga'ărat 'ĕlōhāyik*", "grammar": { "*bānayk*": "common noun, masculine plural with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your sons", "*'ulləpû*": "Pual perfect, 3rd person common plural - they fainted", "*šākəbû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they lay", "*bərō'š*": "preposition + common noun, masculine singular construct - at head of/top of", "*kol*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - all", "*ḥûṣôt*": "common noun, feminine plural - streets", "*kətô'*": "preposition + common noun, masculine singular - like antelope", "*mikmār*": "common noun, masculine singular - net/snare", "*hamələ'îm*": "definite article + adjective, masculine plural - the full ones", "*ḥămat*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - wrath of", "YHWH": "proper noun - divine name", "*ga'ărat*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - rebuke of", "*'ĕlōhāyik*": "common noun, masculine plural with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*'ulləpû*": "they fainted/they were exhausted", "*rō'š*": "head/top/beginning", "*ḥûṣôt*": "streets/outside places", "*tô'*": "antelope/wild ox", "*mikmār*": "net/snare/trap", "*mələ'îm*": "full ones/filled with", "*ḥămat*": "wrath of/fury of/rage of", "*ga'ărat*": "rebuke of/reproach of" } }
  • Isa 51:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Isaiah.51.23", "source": "וְשַׂמְתִּ֙יהָ֙ בְּיַד־מוֹגַ֔יִךְ אֲשֶׁר־אָמְר֥וּ לְנַפְשֵׁ֖ךְ שְׁחִ֣י וְנַעֲבֹ֑רָה וַתָּשִׂ֤ימִי כָאָ֙רֶץ֙ גֵּוֵ֔ךְ וְכַח֖וּץ לַעֹבְרִֽים", "text": "*wəśamtîhā bəyad-môgayik 'ăšer-'āmərû lənap̄šēk šəḥî wəna'ăbōrâ wattāśîmî kā'āreṣ gēwēk wəkaḥûṣ lā'ōbərîm*", "grammar": { "*wəśamtîhā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and I will put it", "*bəyad*": "preposition + common noun, feminine singular construct - in hand of", "*môgayik*": "Hiphil participle, masculine plural with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - those afflicting you", "*'ăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*'āmərû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they said", "*lənap̄šēk*": "preposition + common noun, feminine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - to your soul", "*šəḥî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - bow down", "*wəna'ăbōrâ*": "conjunction + Qal cohortative, 1st person plural - that we may cross over", "*wattāśîmî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you made", "*kā'āreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + common noun, feminine singular - like the ground", "*gēwēk*": "common noun, masculine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your back/body", "*wəkaḥûṣ*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + common noun, masculine singular - and like the street", "*lā'ōbərîm*": "preposition + definite article + Qal participle, masculine plural - for the passersby" }, "variants": { "*môgayik*": "those afflicting you/your tormentors", "*nap̄šēk*": "your soul/your life/yourself", "*šəḥî*": "bow down/prostrate yourself", "*na'ăbōrâ*": "that we may cross over/that we may pass over", "*gēwēk*": "your back/your body/your person", "*ḥûṣ*": "street/outside", "*'ōbərîm*": "passersby/those who cross over" } }
  • Isa 52:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.52.5", "source": "וְעַתָּ֤ה *מי־*לי־**מַה־**לִּי־פֹה֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה כִּֽי־לֻקַּ֥ח עַמִּ֖י חִנָּ֑ם *משלו **מֹשְׁלָ֤יו יְהֵילִ֙ילוּ֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה וְתָמִ֥יד כָּל־הַיּ֖וֹם שְׁמִ֥י מִנֹּאָּֽץ׃", "text": "*wəʿattâ* *mah-lî-pōh* *nəʾum-YHWH* *kî-luqqaḥ* *ʿammî* *ḥinnām* *mōšəlāw* *yəhêlîlû* *nəʾum-YHWH* *wətāmîd* *kol-hayyôm* *šəmî* *minnōʾāṣ*", "grammar": { "*wəʿattâ*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*mah-lî-pōh*": "interrogative pronoun + preposition with 1st person singular suffix + adverb - what to me here", "*nəʾum-YHWH*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - declaration of Yahweh", "*kî-luqqaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, pual perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - for has been taken", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*ḥinnām*": "adverb - for nothing/without cause", "*mōšəlāw*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his rulers", "*yəhêlîlû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they howl/wail", "*wətāmîd*": "conjunction + adverb - and continually", "*kol-hayyôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, masculine singular - all the day", "*šəmî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my name", "*minnōʾāṣ*": "preposition + verb, pual participle, masculine singular - is blasphemed/despised" }, "variants": { "*mah-lî-pōh*": "what do I have here/what is to me here", "*nəʾum-YHWH*": "declaration of Yahweh/says the LORD", "*luqqaḥ*": "has been taken/has been captured", "*ḥinnām*": "for nothing/without payment/without cause", "*mōšəlāw*": "his rulers/those who rule over him", "*yəhêlîlû*": "they howl/they wail/they mock", "*minnōʾāṣ*": "is blasphemed/is despised/is treated with contempt" } }
  • Isa 63:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.5", "source": "וְאַבִּיט֙ וְאֵ֣ין עֹזֵ֔ר וְאֶשְׁתּוֹמֵ֖ם וְאֵ֣ין סוֹמֵ֑ךְ וַתּ֤וֹשַֽׁע לִי֙ זְרֹעִ֔י וַחֲמָתִ֖י הִ֥יא סְמָכָֽתְנִי׃", "text": "And I *ʾabbîṭ* and there is no *ʿōzēr*, and I *ʾeštômēm* and there is no *sômēḵ*; and *tôšaʿ* for me *zĕrōʿî*, and *ḥămātî* *hîʾ* *sĕmāḵātĕnî*.", "grammar": { "*wĕʾabbîṭ*": "conjunction waw + Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - and I looked", "*wĕʾên*": "conjunction waw + particle of negation - and there is no", "*ʿōzēr*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - helper/one who helps", "*wĕʾeštômēm*": "conjunction waw + Hithpolel imperfect, 1st person singular - and I was appalled/astonished", "*sômēḵ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - supporter/one who supports", "*wattôšaʿ*": "conjunction waw + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and brought salvation", "*lî*": "preposition lamed with 1st person singular suffix - to me/for me", "*zĕrōʿî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my arm", "*waḥămātî*": "conjunction waw + noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and my fury", "*hîʾ*": "3rd person feminine singular pronoun - she/it", "*sĕmāḵātĕnî*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - supported me" }, "variants": { "*ʾabbîṭ*": "I looked/I gazed/I observed", "*ʿōzēr*": "helper/one who helps/assistant", "*ʾeštômēm*": "I was appalled/I was astonished/I was horrified", "*sômēḵ*": "supporter/one who supports/upholder", "*tôšaʿ*": "brought salvation/delivered/saved", "*zĕrōʿî*": "my arm/my strength/my power", "*ḥămātî*": "my fury/my wrath/my rage", "*sĕmāḵātĕnî*": "supported me/upheld me/sustained me" } }
  • Lam 5:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "Lamentations.5.5", "source": "עַ֤ל צַוָּארֵ֙נוּ֙ נִרְדָּ֔פְנוּ יָגַ֖עְנוּ וְלֹ֥א הֽוּנַ֖ח לָֽנוּ׃", "text": "On *ṣawwārênû* *nirdāp̄nû*, *yāḡaʿnû* and-*lōʾ* *hûnaḥ* to-us", "grammar": { "*ṣawwārênû*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st person plural suffix - our neck", "*nirdāp̄nû*": "niphal perfect 1st person plural - we are pursued", "*yāḡaʿnû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we are weary", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hûnaḥ*": "hophal perfect 3rd masculine singular - rest was given" }, "variants": { "*ṣawwārênû*": "our neck/necks", "*nirdāp̄nû*": "we are pursued/persecuted/chased", "*yāḡaʿnû*": "we are weary/tired/exhausted", "*hûnaḥ*": "rest was given/allowed/permitted" } } 6 { "verseID": "Lamentations.5.6", "source": "מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ נָתַ֣נּוּ יָ֔ד אַשּׁ֖וּר לִשְׂבֹּ֥עַֽ לָֽחֶם׃", "text": "*miṣrayim* *nāṯannû* *yāḏ*, *ʾaššûr* to-*śḇōaʿ* *lāḥem*", "grammar": { "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*nāṯannû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we have given", "*yāḏ*": "noun feminine singular - hand", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*śḇōaʿ*": "qal infinitive construct - to be satisfied with", "*lāḥem*": "noun masculine singular - bread/food" }, "variants": { "*nāṯannû* *yāḏ*": "we have given hand/submitted/surrendered", "*yāḏ*": "hand/power/submission", "*śḇōaʿ*": "to be satisfied/have enough/be filled with", "*lāḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance" } }
  • Luke 15:14-17 : 14 { "verseID": "Luke.15.14", "source": "Δαπανήσαντος δὲ αὐτοῦ πάντα, ἐγένετο λιμὸς ἰσχυρὸς κατὰ τὴν χώραν ἐκείνην· καὶ αὐτὸς ἤρξατο ὑστερεῖσθαι.", "text": "*Dapanēsantos* *de* him *panta*, *egeneto* *limos* *ischyros* throughout the *chōran* that; and he *ērxato* *hystereisthai*.", "grammar": { "*Dapanēsantos*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, singular - having spent", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "αὐτοῦ": "personal pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of him", "*panta*": "adjective, neuter plural, accusative - all things", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - there arose/happened", "*limos*": "noun, masculine singular, nominative - famine/hunger", "*ischyros*": "adjective, masculine singular, nominative - severe/mighty", "*chōran*": "noun, feminine singular, accusative - country/region", "ἐκείνην": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular, accusative - that", "*ērxato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he began", "*hystereisthai*": "present passive infinitive - to be in want/lack" }, "variants": { "*Dapanēsantos*": "having spent/consumed/used up", "*panta*": "all things/everything", "*egeneto*": "arose/happened/came to be", "*limos*": "famine/hunger/severe food shortage", "*ischyros*": "severe/mighty/strong/powerful", "*chōran*": "country/region/land", "*ērxato*": "began/started", "*hystereisthai*": "to be in want/to lack/to be deficient/to suffer need" } } 15 { "verseID": "Luke.15.15", "source": "Καὶ πορευθεὶς ἐκολλήθη ἑνὶ τῶν πολιτῶν τῆς χώρας ἐκείνης· καὶ ἔπεμψεν αὐτὸν εἰς τοὺς ἀγροὺς αὐτοῦ βόσκειν χοίρους.", "text": "And *poreutheis* *ekollēthē* to-one of-the *politōn* of-the *chōras* that; and *epempsen* him into the *agrous* of-him *boskein* *choirous*.", "grammar": { "*poreutheis*": "aorist passive participle, masculine singular, nominative - having gone", "*ekollēthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - he joined/attached himself", "*politōn*": "noun, masculine plural, genitive - of citizens/residents", "*chōras*": "noun, feminine singular, genitive - of country/region", "*epempsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he sent", "*agrous*": "noun, masculine plural, accusative - fields", "*boskein*": "present active infinitive - to feed/tend", "*choirous*": "noun, masculine plural, accusative - pigs/swine" }, "variants": { "*poreutheis*": "having gone/traveled/journeyed", "*ekollēthē*": "joined/attached himself/clung to", "*politōn*": "citizens/residents/inhabitants", "*chōras*": "country/region/land", "*epempsen*": "sent/dispatched", "*agrous*": "fields/farms/countryside", "*boskein*": "to feed/tend/pasture", "*choirous*": "pigs/swine/hogs" } } 16 { "verseID": "Luke.15.16", "source": "Καὶ ἐπεθύμει γεμίσαι τὴν κοιλίαν αὑτοῦ ἀπὸ τῶν κερατίων ὧν ἤσθιον οἱ χοῖροι: καὶ οὐδεὶς ἐδίδου αὐτῷ.", "text": "And *epethymei* *gemisai* the *koilian* of-himself from the *keratiōn* which *ēsthion* the *choiroi*: and no-one *edidou* to-him.", "grammar": { "*epethymei*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - he was desiring", "*gemisai*": "aorist active infinitive - to fill", "*koilian*": "noun, feminine singular, accusative - belly/stomach", "αὑτοῦ": "reflexive pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of himself", "*keratiōn*": "noun, neuter plural, genitive - of carob pods", "ὧν": "relative pronoun, neuter plural, genitive - of which", "*ēsthion*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were eating", "*choiroi*": "noun, masculine plural, nominative - pigs/swine", "*edidou*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was giving" }, "variants": { "*epethymei*": "was desiring/longing for/craving", "*gemisai*": "to fill/satisfy", "*koilian*": "belly/stomach/abdomen", "*keratiōn*": "carob pods/husks/pods", "*ēsthion*": "were eating/consuming", "*choiroi*": "pigs/swine/hogs", "*edidou*": "was giving/providing/offering" } } 17 { "verseID": "Luke.15.17", "source": "Εἰς ἑαυτὸν δὲ ἐλθὼν, εἶπεν, Πόσοι μίσθιοι τοῦ πατρός μου περισσεύουσιν ἄρτων, ἐγὼ δὲ λιμῷ ἀπόλλυμαι!", "text": "To himself *de* *elthōn*, *eipen*, How-many *misthioi* of-the *patros* of-me *perisseuousin* of-*artōn*, I *de* with-*limō* *apollymai*!", "grammar": { "*elthōn*": "aorist active participle, masculine singular, nominative - having come", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said", "*misthioi*": "noun, masculine plural, nominative - hired servants", "*patros*": "noun, masculine singular, genitive - of father", "μου": "personal pronoun, genitive, 1st person singular - of me", "*perisseuousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they have abundance", "*artōn*": "noun, masculine plural, genitive - of bread/loaves", "*limō*": "noun, masculine singular, dative - with hunger/famine", "*apollymai*": "present middle indicative, 1st person singular - I am perishing" }, "variants": { "*elthōn*": "having come/come to/returned", "*misthioi*": "hired servants/workers", "*patros*": "father", "*perisseuousin*": "have abundance/have plenty/have more than enough", "*artōn*": "bread/loaves/food", "*limō*": "hunger/famine/starvation", "*apollymai*": "I am perishing/dying/being destroyed" } }
  • Exod 2:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Exodus.2.23", "source": "וַיְהִי֩ בַיָּמִ֨ים הֽ͏ָרַבִּ֜ים הָהֵ֗ם וַיָּ֙מָת֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם וַיֵּאָנְח֧וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מִן־הָעֲבֹדָ֖ה וַיִּזְעָ֑קוּ וַתַּ֧עַל שַׁוְעָתָ֛ם אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים מִן־הָעֲבֹדָֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yəhî bayyāmîm hārabbîm hāhēm wa-yyāmāt meleḵ miṣrayim wa-yyēʾānəḥû bənê-yiśrāʾēl min-hāʿăbōdâ wa-yyizʿāqû wa-ttaʿal šawʿātām ʾel-hāʾĕlōhîm min-hāʿăbōdâ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass", "*bayyāmîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the days", "*hārabbîm*": "definite article + masculine plural adjective - the many", "*hāhēm*": "definite article + masculine plural demonstrative pronoun - those", "*wa-yyāmāt*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and died", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*wa-yyēʾānəḥû*": "waw consecutive + niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and groaned", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - children of Israel", "*min-hāʿăbōdâ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - from the bondage/labor", "*wa-yyizʿāqû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and cried out", "*wa-ttaʿal*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and went up", "*šawʿātām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their cry", "*ʾel-hāʾĕlōhîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - to God", "*min-hāʿăbōdâ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - from the bondage/labor" }, "variants": { "*yəhî*": "it came to pass/it happened", "*yāmîm*": "days/time", "*rabbîm*": "many/great/long", "*yāmāt*": "died", "*meleḵ*": "king", "*miṣrayim*": "Egypt", "*yēʾānəḥû*": "groaned/sighed", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "children of Israel/Israelites", "*ʿăbōdâ*": "bondage/labor/servitude", "*yizʿāqû*": "cried out/shouted", "*taʿal*": "went up/ascended", "*šawʿâ*": "cry/outcry", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings" } }
  • Exod 5:18-19 : 18 { "verseID": "Exodus.5.18", "source": "וְעַתָּה֙ לְכ֣וּ עִבְד֔וּ וְתֶ֖בֶן לֹא־יִנָּתֵ֣ן לָכֶ֑ם וְתֹ֥כֶן לְבֵנִ֖ים תִּתֵּֽנּוּ׃", "text": "And *ʿattâ* (now) *lĕkû* (go) *ʿibdû* (work), and *teben* (straw) not-*yinnātēn* (will be given) to you, and *tōken* (quota of) *lĕbēnîm* (bricks) *tittēnû* (you shall give).", "grammar": { "*ʿattâ*": "temporal adverb - now", "*lĕkû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - go!", "*ʿibdû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - work!/serve!", "*teben*": "masculine singular noun - straw", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yinnātēn*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be given", "*lākem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to you", "*tōken*": "masculine singular construct noun - measure/quota of", "*lĕbēnîm*": "feminine plural noun - bricks", "*tittēnû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall give" }, "variants": { "*ʿattâ*": "now/at this time", "*ʿibdû*": "work/serve/labor", "*teben*": "straw/stubble", "*tōken*": "measure/quota/fixed amount", "*lĕbēnîm*": "bricks/mud-bricks" } } 19 { "verseID": "Exodus.5.19", "source": "וַיִּרְא֞וּ שֹֽׁטְרֵ֧י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אֹתָ֖ם בְּרָ֣ע לֵאמֹ֑ר לֹא־תִגְרְע֥וּ מִלִּבְנֵיכֶ֖ם דְּבַר־י֥וֹם בְּיוֹמֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyirʾû* (saw) *šōṭĕrê* (officers of) *bĕnê*-*yiśrāʾēl* (sons of Israel) *ʾōtām* (themselves) *bĕrāʿ* (in trouble) *lēʾmōr* (saying): Not-*tigrĕʿû* (you shall diminish) from-*llibnêkem* (your bricks) *dĕbar*-*yôm* (matter of day) *bĕyômô* (in its day).", "grammar": { "*wayyirʾû*": "qal imperfect waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they saw", "*šōṭĕrê*": "masculine plural construct noun - officers/officials of", "*bĕnê*": "masculine plural construct noun - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them/themselves", "*bĕrāʿ*": "preposition with masculine singular noun - in evil/trouble", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - saying", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tigrĕʿû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall diminish/reduce", "*millistnêkem*": "preposition (from) + noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - from your bricks", "*dĕbar*": "masculine singular construct - word/matter of", "*yôm*": "masculine singular - day", "*bĕyômô*": "preposition + noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in its day" }, "variants": { "*šōṭĕrê*": "officers/foremen/officials", "*bĕrāʿ*": "in evil/in trouble/in a bad situation", "*tigrĕʿû*": "diminish/reduce/lessen", "*dĕbar-yôm bĕyômô*": "daily quota/each day's matter in its day" } }
  • Judg 10:16-18 : 16 { "verseID": "Judges.10.16", "source": "וַיָּסִ֜ירוּ אֶת־אֱלֹהֵ֤י הַנֵּכָר֙ מִקִּרְבָּ֔ם וַיַּעַבְד֖וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֑ה וַתִּקְצַ֥ר נַפְשׁ֖וֹ בַּעֲמַ֥ל יִשְׂרָאֵֽל", "text": "*wə-yāsîrû* *ʾeṯ*-*ʾĕlōhê* *ha-nēḵār* from-*qirbām* *wə-yaʿaḇdû* *ʾeṯ*-*YHWH* *wə-tiqṣar* *nap̄šô* in-*ʿămal* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-yāsîrû*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3mp - and they removed", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - gods of", "*ha-nēḵār*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the foreign", "*qirbām*": "noun, masculine singular + 3mp suffix - their midst", "*wə-yaʿaḇdû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they served", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*wə-tiqṣar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3fs - and it was shortened", "*nap̄šô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3ms suffix - his soul", "*ʿămal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - trouble/misery of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*wə-yāsîrû*": "they removed/they put away", "*wə-yaʿaḇdû*": "they served/they worshipped", "*wə-tiqṣar* *nap̄šô*": "his soul was shortened/he was impatient/he was grieved/he was moved with pity", "*ʿămal*": "trouble/misery/suffering/toil" } } 17 { "verseID": "Judges.10.17", "source": "וַיִּצָּֽעֲקוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בַּגִּלְעָ֑ד וַיֵּאָֽסְפוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בַּמִּצְפָּֽה", "text": "*wə-yiṣṣāʿăqû* *bənê* *ʿammôn* *wə-yaḥănû* in-*ha-gilʿāḏ* *wə-yēʾāsəp̄û* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* *wə-yaḥănû* in-*ha-miṣpāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiṣṣāʿăqû*": "waw consecutive + niphal imperfect 3mp - and they were called together", "*bənê* *ʿammôn*": "sons of Ammon", "*wə-yaḥănû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they encamped", "*ha-gilʿāḏ*": "definite article + proper noun - the Gilead", "*wə-yēʾāsəp̄û*": "waw consecutive + niphal imperfect 3mp - and they were gathered", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ha-miṣpāh*": "definite article + proper noun - the Mizpah" }, "variants": { "*wə-yiṣṣāʿăqû*": "they were called together/they gathered/they were mustered", "*wə-yaḥănû*": "they encamped/they pitched camp", "*wə-yēʾāsəp̄û*": "they were gathered/they assembled" } } 18 { "verseID": "Judges.10.18", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ הָעָ֜ם שָׂרֵ֤י גִלְעָד֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵ֔הוּ מִ֣י הָאִ֔ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָחֵ֔ל לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם בִּבְנֵ֣י עַמּ֑וֹן יִֽהְיֶ֣ה לְרֹ֔אשׁ לְכֹ֖ל יֹשְׁבֵ֥י גִלְעָֽד", "text": "*wə-yōʾmərû* *hā-ʿām* *śārê* *ḡilʿāḏ* *ʾîš* to-*rēʿēhû* who *hā-ʾîš* which *yāḥēl* *lə-hillāḥēm* in-*bənê* *ʿammôn* *yihyeh* to-*rōʾš* to-all *yōšəḇê* *ḡilʿāḏ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmərû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they said", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*śārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - princes/officials of", "*ḡilʿāḏ*": "proper noun - Gilead", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each", "*rēʿēhû*": "noun, masculine singular + 3ms suffix - his neighbor/companion", "*hā-ʾîš*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man", "*yāḥēl*": "hiphil imperfect 3ms - he will begin", "*lə-hillāḥēm*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - to fight", "*bənê* *ʿammôn*": "sons of Ammon", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3ms - he will be", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular - head/chief", "*yōšəḇê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*ḡilʿāḏ*": "proper noun - Gilead" }, "variants": { "*wə-yōʾmərû*": "they said/they spoke", "*yāḥēl*": "he will begin/he will start/he will undertake", "*lə-hillāḥēm*": "to fight/to wage war", "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/leader" } }
  • Judg 16:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Judges.16.21", "source": "וַיֹּאחֲז֣וּהוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וֽ͏ַיְנַקְּר֖וּ אֶת־עֵינָ֑יו וַיּוֹרִ֨ידוּ אוֹת֜וֹ עַזָּ֗תָה וַיַּאַסְר֙וּהוּ֙ בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִם וַיְהִ֥י טוֹחֵ֖ן בְּבֵ֥ית הָאֲסוּרִֽים׃", "text": "And *ʾāḥaz* him *Pᵉlištîm*, and they *nāqar* *ʾet*-his *ʿayin*, and they *yārad* him *ʿAzzâ*-ward, and they *ʾāsar* him with *nᵉḥošet*, and he *hāyâ* *ṭāḥan* in *bayit* of the *ʾāsîr*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāḥaz*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive with 3rd masculine singular suffix - seized, took hold of", "*Pᵉlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*nāqar*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - gouged out, bored out", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿayin*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd masculine singular suffix - eyes", "*yārad*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - brought down, led down", "*ʿAzzâ*": "proper noun, location - Gaza", "*ʾāsar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive with 3rd masculine singular suffix - bound, tied", "*nᵉḥošet*": "noun, feminine dual with definite article - bronze fetters, chains", "*hāyâ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - became, was", "*ṭāḥan*": "Qal participle masculine singular - grinding", "*bayit*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house", "*ʾāsîr*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - prisoners, captives" }, "variants": { "*nāqar*": "gouged out, bored out, put out", "*nᵉḥošet*": "bronze fetters, chains, shackles", "*ṭāḥan*": "grinding (grain), milling", "*ʾāsîr*": "prisoners, captives, those bound" } }
  • Judg 16:30 : 30 { "verseID": "Judges.16.30", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שִׁמְשׁ֗וֹן תָּמ֣וֹת נַפְשִׁי֮ עִם־פְּלִשְׁתִּים֒ וַיֵּ֣ט בְּכֹ֔חַ וַיִּפֹּ֤ל הַבַּ֙יִת֙ עַל־הַסְּרָנִ֔ים וְעַל־כָּל־הָעָ֖ם אֲשֶׁר־בּ֑וֹ וַיִּהְי֤וּ הַמֵּתִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֵמִ֣ית בְּמוֹת֔וֹ רַבִּ֕ים מֵאֲשֶׁ֥ר הֵמִ֖ית בְּחַיָּֽיו׃", "text": "*wa*-*yōʾmer* *šimšôn*: *tāmôt* *napšî* with-*pəlištîm*. *wa*-*yēṭ* in-*kōaḥ*, *wa*-*yippōl* the-*bayit* upon-the-*sərānîm* *wə*-upon-all-the-*ʿām* *ʾăšer*-in-it. *wa*-*yihyû* the-*mētîm* *ʾăšer* *hēmît* in-*môtô* *rabbîm* from-*ʾăšer* *hēmît* in-*ḥayyāyw*.", "grammar": { "*wa*-*yōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, Qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*šimšôn*": "proper noun - Samson", "*tāmôt*": "imperfect, Qal, 3rd feminine singular jussive - let die", "*napšî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my soul", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, plural - Philistines", "*wa*-*yēṭ*": "consecutive imperfect, Qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he bent/pushed", "*kōaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - strength/power", "*wa*-*yippōl*": "consecutive imperfect, Qal, 3rd masculine singular - and fell", "*bayit*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - house/temple", "*sərānîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - lords/rulers", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun - people", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which", "*wa*-*yihyû*": "consecutive imperfect, Qal, 3rd masculine plural - and they were", "*mētîm*": "masculine plural adjective with definite article - the dead", "*hēmît*": "perfect, Hiphil, 3rd masculine singular - he killed", "*môtô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his death", "*rabbîm*": "masculine plural adjective - many", "*ḥayyāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his life" }, "variants": { "*tāmôt*": "let die/may die", "*napšî*": "my soul/my life/myself", "*yēṭ*": "bent/pushed/extended", "*kōaḥ*": "strength/power/might", "*sərānîm*": "lords/rulers/tyrants", "*hēmît*": "killed/caused to die/put to death" } }
  • 2 Kgs 6:26-27 : 26 { "verseID": "2Kings.6.26", "source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עֹבֵ֖ר עַל־הַחֹמָ֑ה וְאִשָּׁ֗ה צָעֲקָ֤ה אֵלָיו֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הוֹשִׁ֖יעָה אֲדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* *melek* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʿōbēr* *ʿal-ha-ḥōmāh* *wə-ʾiššāh* *ṣāʿăqāh* *ʾēlāyw* *lēʾmōr* *hôšîʿâ* *ʾădōnî* *ha-melek*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms apocopated - and it happened", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿōbēr*": "Qal participle ms - passing/walking", "*ʿal-ha-ḥōmāh*": "preposition + article + noun, feminine singular - on the wall", "*wə-ʾiššāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and a woman", "*ṣāʿăqāh*": "Qal perfect 3fs - cried out", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3ms suffix - to him", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hôšîʿâ*": "Hiphil imperative ms + paragogic heh - save/help", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 1cs suffix - my lord", "*ha-melek*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the king" }, "variants": { "*ʿōbēr*": "passing/walking/going", "*ḥōmāh*": "wall/rampart/fortress wall", "*ṣāʿăqāh*": "cried out/screamed/called for help", "*hôšîʿâ*": "save/help/deliver" } } 27 { "verseID": "2Kings.6.27", "source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אַל־יוֹשִׁעֵ֣ךְ יְהוָ֔ה מֵאַ֖יִן אֽוֹשִׁיעֵ֑ךְ הֲמִן־הַגֹּ֖רֶן א֥וֹ מִן־הַיָּֽקֶב׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *ʾal-yôšiʿēk* *YHWH* *mē-ʾayin* *ʾôšîʿēk* *hă-min-ha-gōren* *ʾô* *min-ha-yāqeb*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*ʾal-yôšiʿēk*": "negative particle + Hiphil imperfect 3ms jussive + 2fs suffix - let not save you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*mē-ʾayin*": "preposition + interrogative - from where", "*ʾôšîʿēk*": "Hiphil imperfect 1cs + 2fs suffix - shall I save you", "*hă-min-ha-gōren*": "interrogative + preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - from the threshing floor", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*min-ha-yāqeb*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - from the wine press" }, "variants": { "*ʾal-yôšiʿēk*": "let not save you/may he not save you (negative wish)", "*mē-ʾayin*": "from where/from what source", "*gōren*": "threshing floor/granary", "*yāqeb*": "wine press/wine vat" } }
  • 2 Kgs 6:33 : 33 { "verseID": "2 Kings.6.33", "source": "עוֹדֶ֙נּוּ֙ מְדַבֵּ֣ר עִמָּ֔ם וְהִנֵּ֥ה הַמַּלְאָ֖ךְ יֹרֵ֣ד אֵלָ֑יו וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּֽה־זֹ֤את הָֽרָעָה֙ מֵאֵ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה מָֽה־אוֹחִ֥יל לַיהוָ֖ה עֽוֹד׃", "text": "*ʿôḏennû* *məḏabbēr* with-them *wə-hinnēh* *ha-malʾāḵ* *yōrēḏ* to-him *wə-yōʾmer* *hinnēh*-this *hā-rāʿāh* from-with *YHWH* what-*ʾôḥîl* to-*YHWH* still", "grammar": { "*ʿôḏennû*": "adverb + 3ms suffix - while he was still", "*məḏabbēr*": "piel participle ms - speaking", "*wə-hinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*ha-malʾāḵ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the messenger", "*yōrēḏ*": "participle ms - coming down", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*hā-rāʿāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the evil/disaster", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾôḥîl*": "hiphil imperfect 1s - I should wait", "*ʿôḏ*": "adverb - still/yet/longer" }, "variants": { "*ʿôḏennû*": "while he was still/yet/continuing", "*məḏabbēr*": "speaking/talking/saying", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*malʾāḵ*": "messenger/envoy/angel", "*yōrēḏ*": "coming down/descending", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity/misfortune", "*ʾôḥîl*": "wait for/hope for/expect", "*ʿôḏ*": "still/yet/longer/anymore" } }
  • Neh 9:37 : 37 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.37", "source": "וּתְבוּאָתָ֣הּ מַרְבָּ֗ה לַמְּלָכִ֛ים אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥תָּה עָלֵ֖ינוּ בְּחַטֹּאותֵ֑ינוּ וְעַ֣ל גְּ֠וִיֹּתֵינוּ מֹשְׁלִ֤ים וּבִבְהֶמְתֵּ֙נוּ֙ כִּרְצוֹנָ֔ם וּבְצָרָ֥ה גְדוֹלָ֖ה אֲנָֽחְנוּ׃ פ", "text": "And-*ṯəḇûʾāṯāh* *marbāh* to-*ham-məlāḵîm* which-*nāṯattāh* over-us in-*ḥaṭṭōʾwṯênû* and-over *gəwiyyōṯênû* they-*mōšlîm* and-in-*ḇəhemtēnû* according-to-*kirṣônām*, and-in-*ṣārāh* *ḡəḏôlāh* we-are.", "grammar": { "*û-ṯəḇûʾāṯāh*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and its produce/yield", "*marbāh*": "feminine singular Hiphil participle - multiplying/increasing", "*lam-məlāḵîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - to the kings", "*ʾăšer-nāṯattāh*": "relative pronoun + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - whom you have set", "*ʿālênû*": "preposition + 1st person plural suffix - over us", "*bə-ḥaṭṭōʾwṯênû*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - because of our sins", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and over", "*gəwiyyōṯênû*": "feminine plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - our bodies", "*mōšlîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - ruling/dominating", "*û-ḇi-ḇəhemtēnû*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine singular/plural noun + 1st person plural suffix - and over our cattle", "*ki-rṣônām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - according to their pleasure", "*û-ḇə-ṣārāh*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine singular noun - and in distress", "*ḡəḏôlāh*": "feminine singular adjective - great", "*ʾănāḥnû*": "1st person plural pronoun - we" }, "variants": { "*ṯəḇûʾāṯāh*": "its produce/its yield/its crops", "*marbāh*": "increasing/multiplying/abundant", "*məlāḵîm*": "kings/rulers/monarchs", "*nāṯattāh*": "set/placed/appointed", "*ḥaṭṭōʾwṯênû*": "our sins/our transgressions/our offenses", "*gəwiyyōṯênû*": "our bodies/our persons/our selves", "*mōšlîm*": "ruling/having authority/controlling", "*ḇəhemtēnû*": "our cattle/our livestock/our beasts", "*rṣônām*": "their pleasure/their will/their desire", "*ṣārāh*": "distress/trouble/anguish", "*ḡəḏôlāh*": "great/severe/immense" } }
  • Job 9:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Job.9.13", "source": "אֱ֭לוֹהַּ לֹא־יָשִׁ֣יב אַפּ֑וֹ תַּחְתָּ֥יו שָׁ֝חֲח֗וּ עֹ֣זְרֵי רָֽהַב׃", "text": "*ʾĕlôah* *lōʾ-yāšîb* *ʾappô* *taḥtāyw* *šāḥăḥû* *ʿōzrê* *rāhab*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlôah*": "masculine singular noun - God", "*lōʾ-yāšîb*": "negative particle + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will not turn back", "*ʾappô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anger", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - beneath him", "*šāḥăḥû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they bowed down", "*ʿōzrê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - helpers of", "*rāhab*": "proper noun - Rahab (mythological sea monster)" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlôah*": "God, deity", "*yāšîb*": "to turn back, withdraw, restrain", "*ʾappô*": "anger, nose, face", "*šāḥăḥû*": "to bow down, be brought low, be humbled", "*ʿōzrê*": "helpers, supporters, allies", "*rāhab*": "Rahab (mythical sea monster), storm, arrogance" } }
  • Ps 18:40-41 : 40 { "verseID": "Psalms.18.40", "source": "וַתְּאַזְּרֵ֣נִי חַ֭יִל לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה תַּכְרִ֖יעַ קָמַ֣י תַּחְתָּֽי׃", "text": "And *te'azreni* *chayil* for the *milchamah* *tachri'a* *qamay* *tachtay*.", "grammar": { "*te'azreni*": "piel imperfect with waw-consecutive, 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and you girded me", "*chayil*": "masculine singular noun - strength", "*milchamah*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the battle", "*tachri'a*": "hifil imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will make bow", "*qamay*": "qal participle, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - those rising against me", "*tachtay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - under me" }, "variants": { "*te'azreni*": "you girded me/you armed me/you equipped me", "*chayil*": "strength/might/power", "*milchamah*": "battle/war/combat", "*tachri'a*": "you will make bow/you will subdue/you will bring down", "*qamay*": "those rising against me/my adversaries/those who stand against me" } } 41 { "verseID": "Psalms.18.41", "source": "וְֽאֹיְבַ֗י נָתַ֣תָּה לִּ֣י עֹ֑רֶף וּ֝מְשַׂנְאַ֗י אַצְמִיתֵֽם׃", "text": "And *oyevay* *natatah* to me *oref* and *mesan'ay* *atsmitem*.", "grammar": { "*oyevay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my enemies", "*natatah*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you gave", "*oref*": "masculine singular noun - neck/back", "*mesan'ay*": "piel participle, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - those hating me", "*atsmitem*": "hifil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will destroy them" }, "variants": { "*oyevay*": "my enemies/my foes/my adversaries", "*natatah*": "you gave/you placed/you set", "*oref*": "neck/back/back of neck (meaning they turned their backs in retreat)", "*mesan'ay*": "those hating me/my haters/those who despise me", "*atsmitem*": "I will destroy them/I will cut them off/I will put an end to them" } }