Isaiah 13:4

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

Listen! A tumult on the mountains, like that of a great multitude. Listen! An uproar of kingdoms, of nations gathering together. The LORD of Hosts is mustering an army for battle.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

ק֥וֹל הָמ֛וֹן בֶּֽהָרִ֖ים דְּמ֣וּת עַם־רָ֑ב ק֠וֹל שְׁא֞וֹן מַמְלְכ֤וֹת גּוֹיִם֙ נֶֽאֱסָפִ֔ים יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת מְפַקֵּ֖ד צְבָ֥א מִלְחָמָֽה׃

Transliteration

Qôl hāmôn in-the-hārîm dəmûṯ ʿam-rāḇ qôl šəʾôn mamləḵôṯ gôyim neʾĕsāp̄îm YHWH ṣəḇāʾôṯ məp̄aqqēḏ ṣəḇā milḥāmāh

Grammar Details

• *qôl*: noun, masculine, singular, construct - sound of/voice of
• *hāmôn*: noun, masculine, singular - multitude/tumult/crowd
• *behārîm*: preposition + noun, masculine plural, + definite article - in the mountains
• *dəmûṯ*: noun, feminine, singular, construct - likeness of/resemblance of
• *ʿam-rāḇ*: noun, masculine, singular + adjective - many/great people
• *šəʾôn*: noun, masculine, singular, construct - roar of/tumult of
• *mamləḵôṯ*: noun, feminine, plural, construct - kingdoms of
• *gôyim*: noun, masculine, plural - nations/peoples
• *neʾĕsāp̄îm*: verb, Niphal participle, masculine plural - being gathered/assembled
• *YHWH*: proper noun - divine name
• *ṣəḇāʾôṯ*: noun, masculine, plural - hosts/armies
• *məp̄aqqēḏ*: verb, Piel participle, masculine singular - mustering/numbering/commanding
• *ṣəḇā*: noun, masculine, singular, construct - army of
• *milḥāmāh*: noun, feminine, singular - war/battle

Word Meanings

• *hāmôn*: multitude/tumult/crowd/noise
• *dəmûṯ*: likeness/resemblance/form/appearance
• *šəʾôn*: roar/tumult/uproar
• *neʾĕsāp̄îm*: being gathered/being assembled/coming together
• *məp̄aqqēḏ*: mustering/numbering/commanding/appointing

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  The noise of a multitude in the mountains, like as of a great people; a tumultuous noise of the kingdoms of nations gathered together: the LORD of hosts mustereth the host of the battle.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  The noise of a multitude in the mountains, like that of a great people; a tumultuous noise of the kingdoms of nations gathered together: the LORD of hosts musters the host of battle.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  The noise of a multitude in the mountains, like as of a great people; a tumultuous noise of the kingdoms of nations gathered together: the LORD of hosts mustereth the host of the battle.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  The noise{H6963} of a multitude{H1995} in the mountains,{H2022} as{H1823} of a great{H7227} people!{H5971} the noise{H6963} of a tumult{H6963} of the kingdoms{H4467} of the nations{H1471} gathered together!{H622} Jehovah{H3068} of hosts{H6635} is mustering{H6485} the host{H6635} for the battle.{H4421}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  The noise{H6963} of a multitude{H1995} in the mountains{H2022}, like as{H1823} of a great{H7227} people{H5971}; a tumultuous{H7588} noise{H6963} of the kingdoms{H4467} of nations{H1471} gathered together{H622}{(H8737)}: the LORD{H3068} of hosts{H6635} mustereth{H6485}{(H8764)} the host{H6635} of the battle{H4421}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  With that, me thought I herde in the moutaynes, a noyse, like as it had bene of a greate people: and a ru?shinge, as though the kyngdomes of all nacions had come together. (And the LORDE of hoostes was the captayne of the whole armye.)

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  The noyse of a multitude is in the mountaines, like a great people: a tumultuous voyce of the kingdomes of the nations gathered together: the Lorde of hostes nombreth the hoste of the battell.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  There is a noyse of a multitude in the mountaynes, lyke as of a great people, a rushing as though the kingdomes of the nations came together: the Lorde of hoastes mustreth his armye to battayle.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  The noise of a multitude in the mountains, like as of a great people; a tumultuous noise of the kingdoms of nations gathered together: the LORD of hosts mustereth the host of the battle.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The noise of a multitude in the mountains, as of a great people! the noise of a tumult of the kingdoms of the nations gathered together! Yahweh of Hosts is mustering the host for the battle.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  A voice of a multitude in the mountains, A likeness of a numerous people, A voice of noise from the kingdoms of nations who are gathered, Jehovah of Hosts inspecting a host of battle!

• American Standard Version (1901)

  The noise of a multitude in the mountains, as of a great people! the noise of a tumult of the kingdoms of the nations gathered together! Jehovah of hosts is mustering the host for the battle.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  The noise of a multitude in the mountains, as of a great people! the noise of a tumult of the kingdoms of the nations gathered together! Jehovah of hosts is mustering the host for the battle.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  The noise of great numbers in the mountains, like the noise of a strong people! The noise of the kingdoms of the nations meeting together! The Lord of armies is numbering his forces for war.

• World English Bible (2000)

  The noise of a multitude is in the mountains, as of a great people; the noise of an uproar of the kingdoms of the nations gathered together! Yahweh of Armies is mustering the army for the battle.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  There is a loud noise on the mountains– it sounds like a large army! There is great commotion among the kingdoms– nations are being assembled! The LORD of Heaven’s Armies is mustering forces for battle.

Referenced Verses

• Joel 3:14 : 14 Multitudes, multitudes in the valley of decision! For the day of the LORD is near in the valley of decision.
• Zech 14:1-3 : 1 Behold, a day is coming for the Lord, when your plunder will be divided in your midst. 2 For I will gather all the nations against Jerusalem for battle, and the city will be captured, the houses will be plundered, and the women violated. Half of the city will go into exile, but the rest of the people will not be cut off from the city. 3 Then the Lord will go out and fight against those nations, as He fights in a day of battle.
• Zech 14:13-14 : 13 On that day, a great panic from the Lord will come upon them. Each will seize the hand of his neighbor, and they will attack one another. 14 Even Judah will fight at Jerusalem. The wealth of all the surrounding nations—gold, silver, and clothing—will be gathered in great abundance.
• Rev 9:7-9 : 7 The appearance of the locusts was like horses prepared for battle. On their heads were something like crowns of gold, and their faces were like human faces. 8 They had hair like women’s hair, and their teeth were like lions' teeth. 9 They had breastplates like iron breastplates, and the sound of their wings was like the noise of many horse-drawn chariots rushing into battle. 10 They had tails with stingers like scorpions, and in their tails, they had power to harm people for five months. 11 They had a king over them, the angel of the abyss. His name in Hebrew is Abaddon, and in Greek, he is called Apollyon (the Destroyer). 12 The first woe has passed. Behold, two more woes are yet to come. 13 Then the sixth angel sounded his trumpet, and I heard a voice coming from the four horns of the golden altar that is before God. 14 It said to the sixth angel who had the trumpet, 'Release the four angels who are bound at the great river Euphrates.' 15 And the four angels who had been prepared for the hour, the day, the month, and the year were released to kill a third of humanity. 16 The number of the mounted troops was two hundred million; I heard their number. 17 And this is how I saw the horses in my vision: Those who rode them had breastplates that were fiery red, dark blue, and sulfur yellow. The heads of the horses were like the heads of lions, and from their mouths came fire, smoke, and sulfur. 18 A third of humanity was killed by these three plagues: by the fire, the smoke, and the sulfur that came out of their mouths. 19 For the power of the horses was in their mouths and in their tails; their tails were like snakes with heads, and they used them to harm.
• Rev 18:8 : 8 Because of this, her plagues will come in a single day: death, mourning, and famine. She will be consumed by fire, for the mighty Lord God is the one who judges her.
• Rev 19:11-21 : 11 Then I saw heaven opened, and there was a white horse. Its rider is called Faithful and True, and He judges and makes war in righteousness. 12 His eyes were like a flame of fire, and on His head were many crowns. He had a name written that no one knows except Himself. 13 He was clothed in a robe dipped in blood, and His name is called The Word of God. 14 The armies of heaven, dressed in fine linen, white and clean, followed Him on white horses. 15 Out of His mouth comes a sharp sword with which to strike down the nations, and He will rule them with a rod of iron. He treads the winepress of the fury of the wrath of God Almighty. 16 He has a name written on His robe and on His thigh: King of Kings and Lord of Lords. 17 Then I saw an angel standing in the sun, and he cried out in a loud voice to all the birds flying high overhead: 'Come, gather for the great supper of God,' 18 'that you may eat the flesh of kings, the flesh of generals, the flesh of mighty men, the flesh of horses and their riders, and the flesh of all people, free and slave, small and great.' 19 Then I saw the beast and the kings of the earth and their armies gathered together to make war against the rider on the horse and His army. 20 But the beast was captured, and with him the false prophet who had performed the signs on his behalf. By these signs he had deceived those who had received the mark of the beast and worshiped its image. The two of them were thrown alive into the lake of fire burning with sulfur. 21 The rest were killed by the sword that proceeded from the mouth of the rider on the horse, and all the birds were filled with their flesh.
• Isa 10:5-6 : 5 Woe to Assyria, the rod of My anger, in whose hands is the staff of My indignation! 6 I send him against a godless nation; I dispatch him against a people at My wrath, to seize plunder, to take spoil, and to trample them down like mud in the streets.
• Isa 22:1-9 : 1 This is an oracle concerning the Valley of Vision: What is wrong with you now, that you have all gone up to the rooftops? 2 The city is full of noise and tumult, a city of revelry. Your slain were not killed by the sword, nor did they die in battle. 3 All your rulers have fled together; they were captured without a bow. All who were found were bound together, though they had fled far away. 4 Therefore I said, 'Turn away from me, let me weep bitterly. Do not try to comfort me concerning the destruction of my people.' 5 For the Lord, the LORD of Hosts, has ordained a day of panic, trampling, and confusion in the Valley of Vision, breaking down walls and crying out to the mountains. 6 Elam carried a quiver, along with chariots and horsemen. Kir laid bare the shield. 7 Your choicest valleys were filled with chariots, and the horsemen took their stand at the gate. 8 The covering of Judah was removed. In that day, you looked to the weapons in the House of the Forest. 9 You saw the breaches in the city of David were many, and you gathered together water from the lower pool.
• Isa 45:1-2 : 1 This is what the LORD says to His anointed one, to Cyrus, whose right hand I have strengthened to subdue nations before him and to strip kings of their armor, to open doors before him so that gates will not be shut. 2 I will go before you and level the mountains; I will break down the gates of bronze and cut through the bars of iron.
• Jer 50:2-3 : 2 Declare among the nations and proclaim it; raise a banner and proclaim it! Do not hide it. Say, 'Babylon has been captured; Bel is put to shame, Marduk is dismayed. Her idols are disgraced, her images shattered.' 3 For a nation has come against her from the north; it will make her land desolate. No one will live there—neither man nor beast—all will flee and be gone.
• Jer 50:14-15 : 14 Take your positions around Babylon, all you who draw the bow. Shoot at her! Spare no arrows, for she has sinned against the LORD. 15 Raise a shout against her on every side! She has surrendered; her towers have fallen, her walls are torn down. This is the vengeance of the LORD. Take vengeance on her; do to her as she has done to others.
• Jer 50:21-46 : 21 Attack the land of Merathaim and those who live in Pekod! Pursue them, kill them completely, and devote them to destruction, declares the LORD. Do everything I have commanded you. 22 The sound of battle is in the land—a great destruction. 23 How the hammer of the whole earth has been cut down and broken! Babylon has become an object of horror among the nations. 24 I set a trap for you, Babylon, and you were caught before you knew it. You were found and captured because you challenged the LORD. 25 The LORD has opened His armory and brought out the weapons of His wrath, for the Sovereign LORD of Hosts has a task to accomplish in the land of the Chaldeans. 26 Come against her from the farthest borders; open her granaries. Heap her up like piles of grain and destroy her completely. Let nothing be left of her. 27 Slaughter all her young bulls; let them go down to the slaughter. Woe to them, for their day has come, the time of their punishment. 28 Listen to the voice of those fleeing and escaping from the land of Babylon, proclaiming in Zion the vengeance of the LORD our God, the vengeance for His temple. 29 Summon archers against Babylon, all who draw the bow. Encamp around her on every side, and let no one escape. Repay her according to her deeds; do to her as she has done. For she has defied the LORD, the Holy One of Israel. 30 Therefore, her young men will fall in her streets, and all her soldiers will perish on that day, declares the LORD. 31 Behold, I am against you, O arrogant one, declares the Sovereign LORD of Hosts, for your day has come, the time for Me to punish you. 32 The arrogant one will stumble and fall, and no one will help him up. I will set fire to his cities, and it will devour all around him. 33 This is what the LORD of Hosts says: The people of Israel and the people of Judah are oppressed together. All their captors hold them fast and refuse to let them go. 34 But their Redeemer is strong; the LORD of Hosts is His name. He will vigorously defend their cause to bring rest to the land but unrest to the inhabitants of Babylon. 35 A sword is against the Chaldeans, declares the LORD, against the inhabitants of Babylon, against her officials and wise men. 36 A sword is against her diviners, and they will act foolishly. A sword is against her warriors, and they will be shattered. 37 A sword is against her horses and her chariots, and against all the mixed multitude in her midst. They will become like women. A sword is against her treasures, and they will be plundered. 38 A drought is upon her waters; they will dry up. For it is a land of idols, and they go mad over terrifying images. 39 Therefore, desert creatures and hyenas will dwell there, and ostriches will inhabit it. It will never again be inhabited or settled from generation to generation. 40 As God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah along with their neighbors, declares the LORD, no one will live there, and no human being will dwell in it. 41 Behold, a people is coming from the north; a great nation and many kings are being stirred up from the farthest parts of the earth. 42 They hold bows and spears; they are cruel and show no mercy. Their roar is like the roaring sea, and they ride on horses, arrayed like men ready for battle against you, Daughter of Babylon. 43 The king of Babylon has heard the report about them, and his hands hang limp. Anguish grips him, pain like that of a woman in labor. 44 Behold, like a lion coming up from the thickets of the Jordan to a secure pasture, I will drive them away suddenly from it. I will appoint whoever is chosen for it. For who is like me? Who can summon me? And what shepherd can stand against me? 45 Therefore, hear the counsel of the LORD that He has purposed against Babylon and the plans He has devised against the land of the Chaldeans. Surely, the little ones of the flock will be dragged away; surely, their pasture will be appalled at their fate. 46 At the sound of Babylon’s capture, the earth will quake, and the outcry will be heard among the nations.
• Jer 51:6-9 : 6 Flee from Babylon! Save your lives! Do not perish in her punishment, for it is the time of the Lord's vengeance; He will repay her what she has done. 7 Babylon was a golden cup in the hand of the Lord, intoxicating the whole earth. The nations drank her wine; therefore, they have gone mad. 8 Suddenly Babylon has fallen and been shattered. Wail for her! Take balm for her pain; perhaps she can be healed. 9 We tried to heal Babylon, but she could not be healed. Leave her, and let each one go to his own land, for her judgment has reached to the heavens and has risen to the skies. 10 The Lord has brought about our vindication. Come, let us declare in Zion the work of the Lord our God. 11 Sharpen the arrows; fill the quivers! The Lord has stirred up the spirit of the kings of the Medes, because His purpose is against Babylon to destroy her. This is the Lord's vengeance, the vengeance for His temple. 12 Raise a banner against the walls of Babylon! Strengthen the guard, post the watchmen, prepare ambushes, for the Lord has planned and carried out what He purposed against the inhabitants of Babylon. 13 You who dwell by many waters, rich in treasures, your end has come, the measure of your covetousness. 14 The Lord of Hosts has sworn by Himself, 'Surely, I will fill you with men as numerous as locusts, and they will raise a shout of triumph over you.' 15 He made the earth by His power, established the world by His wisdom, and stretched out the heavens by His understanding. 16 When He utters His voice, there is a tumult of waters in the heavens, and He causes the clouds to rise from the ends of the earth. He makes lightning for the rain and brings forth wind from His storehouses. 17 Every human is senseless, lacking knowledge; every goldsmith is put to shame by his idols, for his images are false, and there is no breath in them. 18 They are worthless, a work of delusion; at the time of their punishment, they will perish. 19 The Portion of Jacob is not like these, for He is the Creator of all things, and Israel is the tribe of His inheritance; the Lord of Hosts is His name. 20 You are My war club, My weapon of battle: with you, I shatter nations, and with you, I destroy kingdoms. 21 With you, I shatter horse and rider; with you, I shatter chariot and driver. 22 With you, I shatter man and woman; with you, I shatter the old and the young; with you, I shatter the young man and the maiden. 23 With you, I shatter shepherd and flock; with you, I shatter farmer and oxen; with you, I shatter governors and officials. 24 Before your eyes, I will repay Babylon and all the inhabitants of Chaldea for all the evil they have done in Zion, declares the Lord. 25 Behold, I am against you, the destroying mountain, declares the Lord, you who destroy the whole earth. I will stretch out My hand against you, roll you off the cliffs, and make you a burned-out mountain.
• Jer 51:27-28 : 27 Raise a banner in the land! Blow the trumpet among the nations! Prepare the nations for battle against her. Summon the kingdoms: Ararat, Minni, and Ashkenaz. Appoint a commander against her. Bring up horses like swarming locusts! 28 Prepare the nations for battle against her—the kings of the Medes, their governors, all their officials, and the whole land of their dominion.
• Ezek 38:3-9 : 3 Say, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says: Behold, I am against you, Gog, chief prince of Meshech and Tubal. 4 I will turn you around, put hooks in your jaws, and bring you out with your whole army—your horses, horsemen fully armed, and a great horde with large and small shields, all of them wielding swords. 5 Persia, Cush, and Put will be with them, all of them with shields and helmets. 6 Gomer and all its troops, the house of Togarmah from the far north with all its troops, and many nations with you. 7 Prepare yourself and be ready, you and all your company gathered around you, and you will be their commander. 8 After many days, you will be called to attention. In the latter years, you will go against a land that has been brought back from the sword and gathered from many peoples upon the mountains of Israel, which had long been desolate. Its people were brought out from the nations, and now they dwell securely, all of them. 9 You will ascend, coming like a storm; you will be like a cloud covering the land—you and all your troops and the many peoples with you. 10 This is what the Lord GOD says: On that day, thoughts will arise in your heart, and you will devise an evil plan. 11 You will say, ‘I will go up against a land of unwalled villages; I will attack peaceful people who live securely—all of them living without walls, without gates and bars.’ 12 You will come to seize spoil and carry off plunder, to turn your hand against resettled ruins and against a people gathered from the nations, people acquiring livestock and goods, who live at the center of the land. 13 Sheba, Dedan, and the merchants of Tarshish with all their young lions will say to you: ‘Have you come to seize spoil? Have you gathered your hordes to carry off silver and gold, to take away livestock and possessions, to make off with great plunder?’ 14 Therefore, prophesy, son of man, and say to Gog: ‘This is what the Lord GOD says: On that day when my people Israel are living securely, will you not be aware of it? 15 You will come from your place out of the far north—you and many peoples with you, all riding on horses, a great assembly and a mighty army. 16 You will advance against my people Israel like a cloud covering the land. In the latter days I will bring you against my land so that the nations may know me, as I show myself holy through you before their eyes, O Gog. 17 This is what the Lord GOD says: Are you the one I spoke of in former days through my servants the prophets of Israel? At that time, they prophesied for years that I would bring you against them. 18 On that day, when Gog comes against the land of Israel, declares the Lord GOD, my fury will rise up in my face. 19 In my zeal and fiery wrath I declare: On that day, there will be a great earthquake in the land of Israel. 20 The fish of the sea, the birds of the sky, the animals of the field, every creature that moves along the ground, and all the people on the face of the earth will tremble at my presence. The mountains will be overturned, the cliffs will crumble, and every wall will fall to the ground. 21 I will call for a sword against him on all my mountains, declares the Lord GOD. The sword of every man will be against his brother. 22 I will execute judgment upon him with plague and bloodshed. I will pour down torrential rain, hailstones, fire, and brimstone on him and on his troops and on the many peoples with him. 23 Thus I will show my greatness and my holiness, and I will make myself known in the sight of many nations. Then they will know that I am the LORD.
• Joel 2:1-9 : 1 Blow the trumpet in Zion; sound the alarm on my holy mountain! Let all the inhabitants of the land tremble, for the day of the LORD is coming—it is near. 2 It is a day of darkness and gloom, a day of clouds and thick darkness. Like the dawn spreading over the mountains, a great and mighty army comes, unlike any seen before, and none will be seen again for generations to follow. 3 Before them, fire devours; behind them, flames blaze. The land before them is like the Garden of Eden, but behind them, it is a desolate wilderness—nothing escapes them. 4 Their appearance is like that of horses; like warhorses, they run. 5 With the noise of chariots, they leap over the mountaintops, like the crackling of a blazing fire consuming stubble, like a mighty army arrayed for battle. 6 Before them, nations writhe in anguish; every face turns pale. 7 They charge like mighty warriors; they scale walls like soldiers. Each marches in formation without veering off course. 8 They do not jostle each other; each proceeds in its path. They burst through defenses and are not halted. 9 They rush into the city, they run upon the walls. They climb into houses and enter through the windows like a thief. 10 Before them, the earth quakes, the heavens tremble. The sun and moon are darkened, and the stars withdraw their brightness. 11 The LORD thunders before his army; his forces are very great. Mighty is the one who executes his word. The day of the LORD is great and very dreadful—who can endure it?
• Joel 2:25 : 25 I will restore to you the years that the swarming locust has eaten—the young locust, the destroying locust, and the devouring locust—my great army that I sent among you.