Jeremiah 32:18

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

You show steadfast love to thousands, but You repay the iniquity of the fathers into the laps of their children after them. You are the great and mighty God, whose name is the LORD of Hosts.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

עֹ֤שֶׂה חֶ֙סֶד֙ לַֽאֲלָפִ֔ים וּמְשַׁלֵּם֙ עֲוֺ֣ן אָב֔וֹת אֶל־חֵ֥יק בְּנֵיהֶ֖ם אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם הָאֵ֤ל הַגָּדוֹל֙ הַגִּבּ֔וֹר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת שְׁמֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

ʿōśeh ḥesed to-ʾălāpîm û-məšallēm ʿăwōn ʾābôt to-ḥêq bənêhem ʾaḥărêhem the-ʾēl the-gādôl the-gibbôr YHWH ṣəbāʾôt šəmô

Grammar Details

• *ʿōśeh*: qal participle masculine singular - showing/doing
• *ḥesed*: common noun masculine singular - lovingkindness/mercy
• *ʾălāpîm*: common noun masculine plural - thousands
• *û-məšallēm*: conjunction + piel participle masculine singular - and repaying
• *ʿăwōn*: common noun masculine singular construct - iniquity of
• *ʾābôt*: common noun masculine plural - fathers
• *ḥêq*: common noun masculine singular construct - bosom of
• *bənêhem*: common noun masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sons
• *ʾaḥărêhem*: preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - after them
• *ʾēl*: common noun masculine singular - God
• *gādôl*: adjective masculine singular - great
• *gibbôr*: adjective masculine singular - mighty
• *YHWH*: proper name - divine name, tetragrammaton
• *ṣəbāʾôt*: common noun masculine plural - hosts/armies
• *šəmô*: common noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name

Word Meanings

• *ʿōśeh*: showing/doing/performing/practicing
• *ḥesed*: lovingkindness/mercy/faithfulness/steadfast love
• *ʾălāpîm*: thousands/great numbers
• *məšallēm*: repaying/requiting/recompensing
• *ʿăwōn*: iniquity/guilt/punishment
• *ḥêq*: bosom/lap/chest

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Thou shewest lovingkindness unto thousands, and recompensest the iniquity of the fathers into the bosom of their children after them: the Great, the Mighty God, the LORD of hosts, is his name,

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  You show lovingkindness to thousands, and repay the iniquity of the fathers into the bosom of their children after them: the Great, the Mighty God, the LORD of hosts, is his name,

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Thou shewest lovingkindness unto thousands, and recompensest the iniquity of the fathers into the bosom of their children after them: the Great, the Mighty God, the LORD of hosts, is his name,

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  who showest{H6213} lovingkindness{H2617} unto thousands,{H505} and recompensest{H7999} the iniquity{H5771} of the fathers{H1} into the bosom{H2436} of their children{H1121} after{H310} them; the great,{H1419} the mighty{H1368} God,{H410} Jehovah{H3068} of hosts{H6635} is his name;{H8034}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Thou shewest{H6213}{(H8802)} lovingkindness{H2617} unto thousands{H505}, and recompensest{H7999}{(H8764)} the iniquity{H5771} of the fathers{H1} into the bosom{H2436} of their children{H1121} after{H310} them: the Great{H1419}, the Mighty{H1368} God{H410}, the LORD{H3068} of hosts{H6635}, is his name{H8034},

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Thou shewest mercy vpon thousandes, thou recompecest the wickednes of the fathers, in to the besome of the children that come after them.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Thou shewest mercie vnto thousands, and recompensest the iniquitie of the fathers into the bosome of their children after them: O God the great & mightie, whose Name is ye Lord of hostes,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Thou shewest mercy vpon thousandes, thou recompensest the wickednesse of the fathers into the bosome of the chyldren that come after them.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Thou shewest lovingkindness unto thousands, and recompensest the iniquity of the fathers into the bosom of their children after them: the Great, the Mighty God, the LORD of hosts, [is] his name,

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  who show loving kindness to thousands, and recompense the iniquity of the fathers into the bosom of their children after them; the great, the mighty God, Yahweh of Hosts is his name;

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Doing kindness to thousands, and recompensing iniquity of fathers into the bosom of their sons after them; God, the great, the mighty, Jehovah of Hosts `is' His name,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  who showest lovingkindness unto thousands, and recompensest the iniquity of the fathers into the bosom of their children after them; the great, the mighty God, Jehovah of hosts is his name;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  who showest lovingkindness unto thousands, and recompensest the iniquity of the fathers into the bosom of their children after them; the great, the mighty God, Jehovah of hosts is his name;

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  You have mercy on thousands, and send punishment for the evil-doing of the fathers on their children after them: the great, the strong God, the Lord of armies is his name:

• World English Bible (2000)

  who show loving kindness to thousands, and recompense the iniquity of the fathers into the bosom of their children after them; the great, the mighty God, Yahweh of Armies is his name;

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  You show unfailing love to thousands. But you also punish children for the sins of their parents. You are the great and powerful God whose is name is the LORD of Heaven’s Armies.

Referenced Verses

• Jer 10:16 : 16 The portion of Jacob is not like these, for He is the Maker of all things, and Israel is the tribe of His inheritance—the Lord Almighty is His name.
• Exod 34:7 : 7 Maintaining steadfast love to thousands, forgiving iniquity, transgression, and sin, but not leaving the guilty unpunished. He punishes the iniquity of the fathers on their children and grandchildren to the third and fourth generations."
• Deut 5:9-9 : 9 You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, punishing the children for the iniquity of the fathers to the third and fourth generation of those who hate Me. 10 But showing steadfast love to thousands of generations of those who love Me and keep My commandments.
• Deut 7:9-9 : 9 Know therefore that the LORD your God is God; He is the faithful God, keeping His covenant of steadfast love to a thousand generations of those who love Him and keep His commandments. 10 But He repays those who hate Him to their face to destroy them. He will not delay to repay those who hate Him; He will repay them to their face.
• Exod 20:5-6 : 5 You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and fourth generations of those who hate Me, 6 but showing steadfast love to thousands of generations of those who love Me and keep My commandments.
• 1 Kgs 14:9-9 : 9 You have done more evil than all who came before you. You have gone and made other gods and cast images to provoke Me to anger, and you have turned your back on Me. 10 Therefore, I am bringing disaster on the house of Jeroboam. I will cut off every male in Jeroboam’s family, whether slave or free in Israel. I will sweep away the house of Jeroboam as one sweeps away dung until it is gone.
• 1 Kgs 16:1-3 : 1 The word of the Lord came to Jehu, son of Hanani, against Baasha, saying: 2 Because I raised you up from the dust and made you ruler over My people Israel, but you have walked in the way of Jeroboam and led My people Israel into sin, provoking Me to anger with their sins, 3 behold, I will sweep away Baasha and his family, and I will make your house like the house of Jeroboam son of Nebat.
• Ps 50:1 : 1 The Mighty One, God, the LORD, has spoken and summoned the earth from the rising of the sun to its setting.
• Isa 9:6 : 6 Of the greatness of his government and peace there will be no end. He will reign on David’s throne and over his kingdom, establishing and upholding it with justice and righteousness from that time on and forever. The zeal of the LORD Almighty will accomplish this.
• Jer 31:35 : 35 This is what the LORD says, the one who sets the sun to give light by day, who established the laws of the moon and stars to give light by night, who stirs the sea and makes its waves roar—the LORD of Hosts is his name:
• Matt 23:32-36 : 32 Fill up, then, the measure of your forefathers' sins! 33 You serpents, you brood of vipers! How can you escape being sentenced to hell? 34 Therefore, look, I am sending you prophets, wise men, and scribes. Some of them you will kill and crucify, and some of them you will flog in your synagogues and persecute from town to town, 35 so that upon you will come all the righteous blood shed on the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah son of Barachiah, whom you murdered between the temple and the altar. 36 Truly, I tell you, all these things will come upon this generation.
• Matt 27:25 : 25 And all the people answered, 'His blood be on us and on our children!'
• Hab 1:12 : 12 Are You not from eternity, LORD my God, my Holy One? We will not die. LORD, You have appointed them for judgment; You, O Rock, have established them to rebuke.
• Isa 10:21 : 21 A remnant will return—a remnant of Jacob—to the Mighty God.
• Isa 57:15 : 15 For this is what the high and exalted One says—he who lives forever, whose name is holy: 'I dwell in a high and holy place, but also with the one who is contrite and lowly in spirit, to revive the spirit of the lowly and to revive the heart of the contrite.'
• Ps 145:3-6 : 3 Great is the LORD and highly praised; his greatness is beyond understanding. 4 Generation after generation will praise your works and declare your mighty acts. 5 I will meditate on the glorious splendor of your majesty and on your wondrous works. 6 They will speak of the might of your awesome deeds, and I will proclaim your greatness.
• 1 Kgs 21:21-24 : 21 'This is what the LORD says: I am bringing disaster on you. I will sweep away your descendants and cut off every male in your household, both slave and free, in Israel. 22 I will make your house like the house of Jeroboam son of Nebat and like the house of Baasha son of Ahijah, because you have provoked My anger and have caused Israel to sin.' 23 And concerning Jezebel, the LORD also says: 'Dogs will devour Jezebel by the wall of Jezreel.' 24 'Anyone who belongs to Ahab and dies in the city, the dogs will eat; and anyone who dies in the field, the birds of the heavens will eat.'
• 2 Kgs 9:26 : 26 'Surely I saw the blood of Naboth and the blood of his sons yesterday, declares the LORD, and I will repay you in this plot of land, declares the LORD. Now then, throw him on that plot of land, just as the word of the LORD declared.'
• Neh 1:5 : 5 Then I said, 'Lord, the God of heaven, the great and awesome God, who keeps his covenant of love with those who love him and keep his commandments,
• Gen 49:24 : 24 But his bow remained steady, and his strong arms stayed limber, because of the hand of the Mighty One of Jacob, because of the Shepherd, the Rock of Israel.
• Num 14:18 : 18 'The LORD is slow to anger, abundant in steadfast love, forgiving iniquity and rebellion; yet he does not leave the guilty unpunished, bringing the consequences of the fathers' iniquity upon the children to the third and fourth generation.'
• Deut 7:21 : 21 Do not be terrified by them, for the LORD your God, who is among you, is a great and awesome God.
• Deut 10:17 : 17 For the LORD your God is God of gods and Lord of lords, the great, mighty, and awe-inspiring God, who shows no partiality and accepts no bribes.
• Josh 7:24-26 : 24 Then Joshua, together with all Israel, took Achan, son of Zerah, along with the silver, the robe, the bar of gold, his sons, daughters, cattle, donkeys, sheep, his tent, and all that he had, and brought them up to the Valley of Achor. 25 Joshua said, "Why have you brought this trouble on us? The Lord will trouble you today." Then all Israel stoned him, and after they had stoned the rest, they burned them with fire. 26 They raised over him a great heap of stones, which remains to this day. Then the Lord turned from His fierce anger. Therefore, that place has been called the Valley of Achor to this day.
• 2 Sam 21:1-9 : 1 During the days of David, there was a famine for three years, year after year. David sought the presence of the Lord, and the Lord said, "It concerns Saul and his house, who are guilty of bloodshed, for he killed the Gibeonites." 2 So the king summoned the Gibeonites and spoke to them. (Now the Gibeonites were not Israelites but a remnant of the Amorites. The Israelites had sworn an oath to them, but Saul had tried to kill them in his zeal for Israel and Judah.) 3 David asked the Gibeonites, "What can I do for you? How can I make atonement so that you may bless the Lord’s inheritance?" 4 The Gibeonites answered him, "We have no right to demand silver or gold from Saul or his family, nor do we have the right to put anyone in Israel to death." David asked, "What do you want me to do for you?" 5 They replied to the king, "The man who destroyed us and planned to exterminate us so that we would have no place anywhere in Israel— 6 let seven of his male descendants be handed over to us to be executed before the Lord in Gibeah of Saul, the Lord’s chosen one." The king said, "I will give them to you." 7 But the king spared Mephibosheth, son of Jonathan, the son of Saul, because of the Lord’s oath taken between David and Jonathan, son of Saul. 8 The king took Armoni and Mephibosheth, the two sons of Rizpah daughter of Aiah, whom she had borne to Saul, together with the five sons of Michal daughter of Saul, whom she had borne to Adriel son of Barzillai the Meholathite. 9 He handed them over to the Gibeonites, who executed them on the hill before the Lord. All seven of them fell together; they were put to death during the first days of the harvest, at the beginning of the barley harvest.