Joel 3:19

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

Egypt will become a desolate wasteland, and Edom a desert wilderness, because of the violence done to the people of Judah, in whose land they shed innocent blood.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ לִשְׁמָמָ֣ה תִֽהְיֶ֔ה וֶאֱד֕וֹם לְמִדְבַּ֥ר שְׁמָמָ֖ה תִּֽהְיֶ֑ה מֵֽחֲמַס֙ בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־שָׁפְכ֥וּ דָם־נָקִ֖יא בְּאַרְצָֽם

Transliteration

Miṣrayim to-šəmāmāh ṯihyeh and-ʾĕḏôm to-miḏbar šəmāmāh tihyeh from-ḥămas bənê yəhûḏāh which-šāp̄əḵû dām-nāqî in-ʾarṣām

Grammar Details

• *miṣrayim*: proper noun - Egypt
• *lišəmāmāh*: preposition + feminine singular noun - to a desolation
• *ṯihyeh*: qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - it will be
• *weʾĕḏôm*: conjunction + proper noun - and Edom
• *ləmiḏbar*: preposition + masculine singular construct - to a wilderness of
• *šəmāmāh*: feminine singular noun - desolation
• *tihyeh*: qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - it will be
• *mēḥămas*: preposition + masculine singular construct - because of the violence of
• *bənê*: masculine plural construct - sons/children of
• *yəhûḏāh*: proper noun - Judah
• *ʾăšer*: relative particle - who/which
• *šāp̄əḵû*: qal perfect 3rd person plural - they shed
• *dām-nāqî*: masculine singular noun + adjective masculine singular - innocent blood
• *bəʾarṣām*: preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their land

Word Meanings

• *šəmāmāh*: desolation/waste/desert
• *miḏbar šəmāmāh*: desolate wilderness/desert wasteland
• *ḥămas*: violence/wrong
• *šāp̄əḵû*: shed/poured out
• *dām-nāqî*: innocent blood/blood of the innocent

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Egypt shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness, for the violence against the children of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood in their land.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Egypt shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness, for the violence against the children of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood in their land.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Egypt shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness, for the violence against the children of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood in their land.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Egypt{H4714} shall be a desolation,{H8077} and Edom{H123} shall be a desolate{H8077} wilderness,{H4057} for the violence{H2555} done to the children{H1121} of Judah,{H3063} because they have shed{H8210} innocent{H5355} blood{H1818} in their land.{H776}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Egypt{H4714} shall be a desolation{H8077}, and Edom{H123} shall be a desolate{H8077} wilderness{H4057}, for the violence{H2555} against the children{H1121} of Judah{H3063}, because they have shed{H8210}{(H8804)} innocent{H5355} blood{H1818} in their land{H776}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  but Egipte shalbe layed waist, & Edo shal be desolate: because they haue dealte so cruelly with the childre of Iuda, and shed innocent bloude in their londe.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Egypt shalbe waste, and Edom shall be a desolate wildernesse, for the iniuries of the childre of Iudah, because they haue shed innocent blood in their land.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Egypt shalbe waste, and Edom shalbe a desolate wildernesse: for the iniuries done to the children of Iuda: because they haue shed innocent blood in their lande.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Egypt shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness, for the violence [against] the children of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood in their land.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Egypt will be a desolation, And Edom will be a desolate wilderness, For the violence done to the children of Judah, Because they have shed innocent blood in their land.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Egypt a desolation becometh, And Edom a desolation, a wilderness, becometh, For violence `to' sons of Judah, Whose innocent blood they shed in their land.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Egypt shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness, for the violence done to the children of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood in their land.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Egypt shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness, for the violence done to the children of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood in their land.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Masses on masses in the valley of decision! for the day of the Lord is near in the valley of decision.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Egypt will be a desolation, and Edom will be a desolate wilderness, for the violence done to the children of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood in their land.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Egypt will be desolate and Edom will be a desolate wilderness, because of the violence they did to the people of Judah, in whose land they shed innocent blood.

Referenced Verses

• Isa 19:1-9 : 1 An oracle concerning Egypt: Look, the LORD is riding on a swift cloud and is coming to Egypt. The idols of Egypt tremble before Him, and the hearts of the Egyptians melt within them. 2 I will stir up Egyptians against Egyptians, and they will fight, each against his brother, each against his neighbor, city against city, and kingdom against kingdom. 3 The spirit of the Egyptians will be emptied from within them, and I will confound their plans. They will seek idols, mediums, spirits, and fortune-tellers. 4 I will hand over the Egyptians to a harsh master, and a fierce king will rule over them,” declares the Lord, the LORD of Hosts. 5 The waters will dry up from the sea, and the river will be parched and dry. 6 The rivers will stink, the streams of Egypt will dwindle and dry up; reeds and rushes will wither. 7 The meadows by the Nile, along the banks of the river, and all sown land by the Nile will wither, be blown away, and be no more. 8 The fishermen will mourn, all who cast hooks into the Nile will lament, and those who spread nets on the water will grow weak. 9 Those who work with combed flax and those who weave fine linen will be dismayed. 10 The pillars of the land will be crushed, and all who work for wages will be dejected in spirit. 11 The princes of Zoan are utterly foolish; Pharaoh's wisest counselors give senseless advice. How can you say to Pharaoh, 'I am a descendant of the wise, a son of ancient kings'? 12 Where are your wise men now? Let them tell you and make known what the LORD of Hosts has planned against Egypt. 13 The princes of Zoan have become fools; the princes of Memphis are deceived. They have led Egypt astray, the cornerstone of its tribes. 14 The LORD has mixed within her a spirit of confusion, and they have led Egypt astray in all that it does, like a drunkard staggering in his vomit. 15 There will be no work for Egypt that head or tail, palm branch or reed, can accomplish.
• Isa 34:1-9 : 1 Come near, O nations, to listen; and pay attention, O peoples! Let the earth hear, and all that fills it, the world and all its inhabitants. 2 For the Lord is angry with all nations, and His wrath is against all their armies. He has utterly destroyed them, He has handed them over to slaughter. 3 Their slain will be thrown out, and the stench of their corpses will rise; the mountains will be dissolved with their blood. 4 All the stars of the heavens will rot away, and the skies will be rolled up like a scroll. All their armies will wither, as a leaf withers on the vine or a fig shrivels and falls from the fig tree. 5 For My sword has drunk its fill in the heavens. Behold, it will descend upon Edom, upon the people of My judgment, to bring justice. 6 The sword of the Lord is filled with blood; it is fat with the fat of lambs and goats, with the fat of the kidneys of rams. For the Lord has a sacrifice in Bozrah, a great slaughter in the land of Edom. 7 And wild oxen will fall with them, and young bulls with strong ones. Their land will drink its fill of blood, and their soil will be enriched with fat. 8 For it is the day of the Lord's vengeance, the year of recompense for the cause of Zion. 9 And its streams will be turned to pitch, its soil to sulfur; its land will become burning pitch. 10 It will not be quenched night or day; its smoke will rise forever. From generation to generation, it will lie desolate; no one will ever pass through it again. 11 The pelican and the hedgehog will possess it, the owl and the raven will dwell there. He will stretch over it a measuring line of chaos and stones of emptiness. 12 Its nobles will have no one there to call them a kingdom, and all its princes will come to nothing. 13 Thorns will grow in its palaces, nettles and brambles in its fortresses. It will become a dwelling place for jackals, a home for ostriches. 14 Wild beasts will meet with hyenas, and satyrs will call to one another. There, the night creature will settle and find her place of rest. 15 There, the arrow snake will make her nest, lay eggs, hatch them, and care for her young in her shadow. Indeed, there the kites will gather, each one with its mate. 16 Search and consult the book of the Lord, and read: Not one of these will be missing; none will lack its mate. For His mouth has commanded it, and His Spirit has gathered them together. 17 He has cast the lot for them, and His hand has divided it among them with the measuring line. They will possess it forever; from generation to generation, they will dwell there.
• Isa 63:1-6 : 1 Who is this coming from Edom, with garments stained red from Bozrah? This one, splendid in his clothing, striding forward in the greatness of his strength. "It is I, proclaiming righteousness, mighty to save." 2 Why are your clothes red, and your garments like those of someone who treads in a winepress? 3 "I have trodden the winepress alone, and from the nations, no one was with me. I trampled them in my anger and crushed them in my wrath; their lifeblood splattered my garments, and I stained all my clothing." 4 For the day of vengeance was in my heart, and the year of my redemption had come. 5 I looked, but there was no one to help; I was appalled that no one gave support. So my own arm brought me salvation, and my wrath sustained me. 6 I trampled the nations in my anger; in my wrath, I made them drunk and poured their lifeblood onto the ground.
• Jer 49:17 : 17 Edom will become a desolation; everyone who passes by her will be appalled and hiss because of all her wounds.
• Jer 51:35 : 35 May the violence done to me and my flesh be upon Babylon, says the inhabitant of Zion. May my blood be on the inhabitants of Chaldea, says Jerusalem.
• Lam 4:21 : 21 Rejoice and be glad, O daughter of Edom, you who dwell in the land of Uz! But to you also the cup will pass; you will become drunk and strip yourself naked.
• Ezek 25:1-9 : 1 The word of the LORD came to me, saying: 2 Son of man, set your face against the Ammonites and prophesy against them. 3 Say to the Ammonites: Hear the word of the Sovereign LORD! This is what the Sovereign LORD says: Because you said, 'Aha!' against my sanctuary when it was profaned, and against the land of Israel when it was desolate, and against the house of Judah when they went into exile, 4 therefore, I am handing you over to the people of the east as a possession. They will set up their camps among you and pitch their tents around you; they will eat your fruit and drink your milk. 5 I will make Rabbah a pasture for camels and the land of the Ammonites a resting place for flocks. Then you will know that I am the LORD. 6 For this is what the Sovereign LORD says: Because you clapped your hands, stomped your feet, and rejoiced with all the scorn in your heart against the land of Israel, 7 therefore, I will stretch out my hand against you and give you as plunder to the nations. I will cut you off from the peoples, destroy you from the lands, and annihilate you. Then you will know that I am the LORD. 8 This is what the Sovereign LORD says: Because Moab and Seir said, 'Look! The house of Judah is like all the other nations,' 9 therefore, I will expose the flank of Moab, beginning with its frontier cities—the pride of the land—Beth Jeshimoth, Baal Meon, and Kiriathaim. 10 I will hand it over, along with the Ammonites, to the people of the east as a possession, so that the Ammonites will no longer be remembered among the nations. 11 I will execute judgments on Moab, and they will know that I am the LORD. 12 This is what the Sovereign LORD says: Because Edom acted in revenge against the house of Judah and committed great guilt by taking vengeance on them, 13 Therefore this is what the Sovereign LORD says: I will stretch out my hand against Edom and cut off both man and beast from it. I will make it a wasteland from Teman to Dedan, and they will fall by the sword. 14 I will take my vengeance on Edom by the hand of my people Israel, and they will deal with Edom according to my anger and my wrath. Then they will know my vengeance, declares the Sovereign LORD. 15 This is what the Sovereign LORD says: Because the Philistines acted in vengeance and took revenge with malice in their hearts, seeking to destroy Judah with perpetual hostility, 16 therefore this is what the Sovereign LORD says: I am about to stretch out my hand against the Philistines, and I will cut off the Cherethites and destroy the remnant living on the coast. 17 I will carry out great acts of vengeance on them and punish them with furious rebukes. Then they will know that I am the LORD, when I take vengeance on them.
• Ezek 35:1-9 : 1 The word of the LORD came to me, saying: 2 Son of man, set your face against Mount Seir and prophesy against it. 3 Say to it, 'This is what the Sovereign LORD says: I am against you, Mount Seir, and I will stretch out my hand against you and make you a desolate wasteland.' 4 I will turn your cities into ruins, and you will become desolate. Then you will know that I am the LORD. 5 Because you have harbored eternal hostility and delivered the Israelites to the sword at the time of their calamity, at the time of their final punishment, 6 therefore, as surely as I live, declares the Sovereign LORD, I will make you a land of bloodshed, and bloodshed will pursue you. Since you did not hate bloodshed, bloodshed will pursue you. 7 I will turn Mount Seir into a desolate waste and cut off from it all who come and go. 8 I will fill your mountains with the slain; those killed by the sword will fall on your hills, in your valleys, and in all your ravines. 9 I will make you a perpetual desolation, and your cities will not be inhabited. Then you will know that I am the LORD. 10 Because you said, 'These two nations and countries will be ours, and we will take possession of them,' even though the LORD was there, 11 therefore, as surely as I live, declares the Sovereign LORD, I will deal with you according to the anger and jealousy you showed in your hatred against them, and I will make myself known among them when I judge you. 12 Then you will know that I, the LORD, have heard all the contemptuous things you said against the mountains of Israel. You said, 'They have been laid waste and given over to us to devour.' 13 You boasted against me with your mouth and multiplied your words against me. I have heard it. 14 This is what the Sovereign LORD says: While the whole earth rejoices, I will make you desolate. 15 As you rejoiced over the inheritance of the house of Israel when it became desolate, so will I deal with you. You will become a desolation, Mount Seir, along with all of Edom—all of it. Then they will know that I am the LORD.
• Amos 1:11-12 : 11 Thus says the LORD: 'For three transgressions of Edom, and for four, I will not revoke punishment, because he pursued his brother with the sword and suppressed compassion. His anger tore continually, and his wrath remained forever.' 12 So I will send fire upon Teman, and it will consume the palaces of Bozrah.
• Obad 1:1 : 1 This is the vision of Obadiah: This is what the Lord GOD says concerning Edom—We have heard a message from the LORD, and a messenger has been sent among the nations: "Rise up, and let us rise against her for battle."
• Obad 1:10-16 : 10 Because of the violence done to your brother Jacob, shame will cover you, and you will be cut off forever. 11 On the day you stood aloof, on the day strangers carried off his wealth and foreigners entered his gates and cast lots for Jerusalem, you were like one of them. 12 But do not gloat over your brother on the day of his calamity; do not rejoice over the people of Judah on the day of their destruction; and do not boastfully speak on the day of distress. 13 Do not enter the gate of my people on the day of their disaster; do not gloat over their calamity on the day of their disaster; and do not reach out your hand to their wealth on the day of their disaster. 14 Do not stand at the crossroads to cut off their fugitives, and do not hand over their survivors on the day of distress. 15 For the day of the LORD is near for all nations. As you have done, it will be done to you; your deeds will return upon your own head. 16 Just as you drank on my holy mountain, so all the nations will drink continually; they will drink and gulp down and be as though they had never been.
• Zech 10:10 : 10 I will bring them back from the land of Egypt and gather them from Assyria. I will bring them to the lands of Gilead and Lebanon, but there will not be enough room for them.
• Zech 14:18-19 : 18 If the family of Egypt does not go up and come, they too will receive the plague that the Lord will strike on the nations that do not go up to celebrate the Feast of Booths. 19 This will be the punishment of Egypt and the punishment of all the nations that do not go up to celebrate the Feast of Booths.
• Mal 1:3-4 : 3 but Esau I have hated. I have turned his mountains into a wasteland and given his inheritance to the wild creatures of the desert. 4 Though Edom may say, 'We have been destroyed, but we will rebuild the ruins,' this is what the LORD of Hosts says: They may rebuild, but I will tear it down. They will be called 'The Wicked Land,' and 'The people the LORD is angry with forever.'
• 2 Thess 1:6 : 6 Since it is just for God to repay those who trouble you with affliction,
• Ps 137:7 : 7 Remember, O LORD, against the sons of Edom the day of Jerusalem, when they said, 'Tear it down! Tear it down to its very foundations!'
• Isa 11:15 : 15 The LORD will utterly destroy the tongue of the Sea of Egypt. With a scorching wind, He will wave His hand over the River and divide it into seven streams, allowing people to cross in sandals.