Exod 15:4-9 : 4 {
"verseID": "Exodus.15.4",
"source": "מַרְכְּבֹ֥ת פַּרְעֹ֛ה וְחֵיל֖וֹ יָרָ֣ה בַיָּ֑ם וּמִבְחַ֥ר שָֽׁלִשָׁ֖יו טֻבְּע֥וּ בְיַם־סֽוּף׃",
"text": "*markəḇōt* *Parʿōh* *wəḥêlô* *yārāh* *bayyām* *ūmiḇḥar* *šālišāyw* *ṭubbəʿū* *ḇəyam*-*sūp̄*",
"grammar": {
"*markəḇōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - chariots of",
"*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh",
"*wəḥêlô*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his army",
"*yārāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he cast",
"*bayyām*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - into the sea",
"*ūmiḇḥar*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and the choice/elite of",
"*šālišāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his officers/captains",
"*ṭubbəʿū*": "pual perfect 3rd common plural - they were drowned",
"*ḇəyam*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the sea of",
"*sūp̄*": "proper noun - Reed/Red Sea (lit: 'sea of reeds')"
},
"variants": {
"*šālišāyw*": "his officers/his captains/his third-rank officers/his best warriors",
"*ṭubbəʿū*": "were sunk/were drowned/were plunged",
"*yam-sūp̄*": "Reed Sea/Red Sea/Sea of Reeds"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Exodus.15.5",
"source": "תְּהֹמֹ֖ת יְכַסְיֻ֑מוּ יָרְד֥וּ בִמְצוֹלֹ֖ת כְּמוֹ־אָֽבֶן׃",
"text": "*təhōmōt* *yəḵasyumū* *yārədū* *ḇimṣôlōt* *kəmô*-*ʾāḇen*",
"grammar": {
"*təhōmōt*": "noun, feminine plural - depths/deep waters",
"*yəḵasyumū*": "piel imperfect 3rd plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - they covered them",
"*yārədū*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they went down",
"*ḇimṣôlōt*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - into the depths",
"*kəmô*": "preposition - like",
"*ʾāḇen*": "noun, feminine singular - stone"
},
"variants": {
"*təhōmōt*": "depths/deep waters/primeval ocean/the deep",
"*yəḵasyumū*": "covered them/overwhelmed them"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Exodus.15.6",
"source": "יְמִֽינְךָ֣ יְהוָ֔ה נֶאְדָּרִ֖י בַּכֹּ֑חַ יְמִֽינְךָ֥ יְהוָ֖ה תִּרְעַ֥ץ אוֹיֵֽב׃",
"text": "*yəmînḵā* *YHWH* *neʾdārî* *bakkōaḥ* *yəmînḵā* *YHWH* *tirʿaṣ* *ʾôyēḇ*",
"grammar": {
"*yəmînḵā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your right hand",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH",
"*neʾdārî*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - glorious/majestic",
"*bakkōaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in power",
"*tirʿaṣ*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it shatters",
"*ʾôyēḇ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - enemy"
},
"variants": {
"*neʾdārî*": "glorious/majestic/magnificent",
"*tirʿaṣ*": "shatters/crushes/dashes to pieces"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Exodus.15.7",
"source": "וּבְרֹ֥ב גְּאוֹנְךָ֖ תַּהֲרֹ֣ס קָמֶ֑יךָ תְּשַׁלַּח֙ חֲרֹ֣נְךָ֔ יֹאכְלֵ֖מוֹ כַּקַּֽשׁ׃",
"text": "*ūḇərōḇ* *gəʾônḵā* *taharōs* *qāmeḵā* *təšallaḥ* *ḥărōnḵā* *yōḵlēmô* *kaqqaš*",
"grammar": {
"*ūḇərōḇ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - and in greatness of",
"*gəʾônḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your excellency/majesty",
"*taharōs*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you break down",
"*qāmeḵā*": "qal participle, masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - those who rise against you",
"*təšallaḥ*": "piel imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you send forth",
"*ḥărōnḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your burning anger",
"*yōḵlēmô*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it consumes them",
"*kaqqaš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - like stubble"
},
"variants": {
"*gəʾônḵā*": "your excellency/your majesty/your triumph",
"*qāmeḵā*": "those who rise against you/your adversaries/your opponents",
"*ḥărōnḵā*": "your burning anger/your fierce wrath/your hot displeasure"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Exodus.15.8",
"source": "וּבְר֤וּחַ אַפֶּ֙יךָ֙ נֶ֣עֶרְמוּ מַ֔יִם נִצְּב֥וּ כְמוֹ־נֵ֖ד נֹזְלִ֑ים קָֽפְא֥וּ תְהֹמֹ֖ת בְּלֶב־יָֽם׃",
"text": "*ūḇərūaḥ* *ʾappeḵā* *neʿermū* *mayim* *niṣṣəḇū* *ḵəmô*-*nēḏ* *nōzəlîm* *qāp̄əʾū* *təhōmōt* *bəleḇ*-*yām*",
"grammar": {
"*ūḇərūaḥ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and by the breath of",
"*ʾappeḵā*": "noun, masculine dual + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your nostrils",
"*neʿermū*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they were heaped up",
"*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters",
"*niṣṣəḇū*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they stood up",
"*ḵəmô*": "preposition - like",
"*nēḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - heap",
"*nōzəlîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - flowing ones",
"*qāp̄əʾū*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they congealed/froze",
"*təhōmōt*": "noun, feminine plural - depths/deep waters",
"*bəleḇ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the heart of",
"*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea"
},
"variants": {
"*rūaḥ*": "breath/wind/spirit",
"*ʾappeḵā*": "your nostrils/your nose/your anger",
"*neʿermū*": "were heaped up/were piled up/gathered together",
"*nēḏ*": "heap/mound/wall",
"*nōzəlîm*": "flowing ones/currents/streams",
"*qāp̄əʾū*": "congealed/froze/solidified",
"*təhōmōt*": "depths/deep waters/the deep"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Exodus.15.9",
"source": "אָמַ֥ר אוֹיֵ֛ב אֶרְדֹּ֥ף אַשִּׂ֖יג אֲחַלֵּ֣ק שָׁלָ֑ל תִּמְלָאֵ֣מוֹ נַפְשִׁ֔י אָרִ֣יק חַרְבִּ֔י תּוֹרִישֵׁ֖מוֹ יָדִֽי׃",
"text": "*ʾāmar* *ʾôyēḇ* *ʾerdōp̄* *ʾaśśîḡ* *ʾăḥallēq* *šālāl* *timləʾēmô* *nap̄šî* *ʾārîq* *ḥarbî* *tôrîšēmô* *yāḏî*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said",
"*ʾôyēḇ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - enemy",
"*ʾerdōp̄*": "qal imperfect 1st singular - I will pursue",
"*ʾaśśîḡ*": "hiphil imperfect 1st singular - I will overtake",
"*ʾăḥallēq*": "piel imperfect 1st singular - I will divide",
"*šālāl*": "noun, masculine singular - spoil/plunder",
"*timləʾēmô*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it will be full of them",
"*nap̄šî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my soul/desire",
"*ʾārîq*": "hiphil imperfect 1st singular - I will draw out",
"*ḥarbî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my sword",
"*tôrîšēmô*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it will dispossess them",
"*yāḏî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my hand"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾôyēḇ*": "enemy/foe/adversary",
"*nap̄šî*": "my soul/my desire/my appetite",
"*tôrîšēmô*": "will dispossess them/will destroy them/will drive them out"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Exodus.15.10",
"source": "נָשַׁ֥פְתָּ בְרוּחֲךָ֖ כִּסָּ֣מוֹ יָ֑ם צָֽלֲלוּ֙ כַּֽעוֹפֶ֔רֶת בְּמַ֖יִם אַדִּירִֽים׃",
"text": "*nāšap̄tā* *ḇərūḥăḵā* *kissāmô* *yām* *ṣāˀlălū* *kaˁôp̄eret* *bəmayim* *ʾaddîrîm*",
"grammar": {
"*nāšap̄tā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you blew",
"*ḇərūḥăḵā*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with your wind",
"*kissāmô*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it covered them",
"*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea",
"*ṣāˀlălū*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they sank",
"*kaˁôp̄eret*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - like lead",
"*bəmayim*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - in waters",
"*ʾaddîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - mighty"
},
"variants": {
"*nāšap̄tā*": "you blew/you breathed",
"*rūḥăḵā*": "your wind/your breath/your spirit",
"*ṣāˀlălū*": "they sank/they plunged/they went down"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Exodus.15.11",
"source": "מִֽי־כָמֹ֤כָה בָּֽאֵלִם֙ יְהוָ֔ה מִ֥י כָּמֹ֖כָה נֶאְדָּ֣ר בַּקֹּ֑דֶשׁ נוֹרָ֥א תְהִלֹּ֖ת עֹ֥שֵׂה פֶֽלֶא׃",
"text": "*mî*-*ḵāmōḵāh* *bāʾēlim* *YHWH* *mî* *kāmōḵāh* *neʾdār* *baqqōḏeš* *nôrāʾ* *təhillōt* *ʿōśēh* *p̄eleʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who",
"*ḵāmōḵāh*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - like you",
"*bāʾēlim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - among the gods",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH",
"*neʾdār*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - glorious",
"*baqqōḏeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in holiness",
"*nôrāʾ*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - fearful/awesome",
"*təhillōt*": "noun, feminine plural - praises",
"*ʿōśēh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - doing",
"*p̄eleʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - wonder/miracle"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾēlim*": "gods/mighty ones/divine beings",
"*neʾdār*": "glorious/majestic/magnificent",
"*baqqōḏeš*": "in holiness/in the sanctuary/in sacredness",
"*nôrāʾ*": "fearful/awesome/terrible"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Exodus.15.12",
"source": "נָטִ֙יתָ֙ יְמִ֣ינְךָ֔ תִּבְלָעֵ֖מוֹ אָֽרֶץ׃",
"text": "*nāṭîtā* *yəmînḵā* *tiḇlāʿēmô* *ʾāreṣ*",
"grammar": {
"*nāṭîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you stretched out",
"*yəmînḵā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your right hand",
"*tiḇlāʿēmô*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it swallows them",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land"
},
"variants": {
"*nāṭîtā*": "you stretched out/you extended",
"*tiḇlāʿēmô*": "swallows them/engulfs them/consumes them",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Exodus.15.13",
"source": "נָחִ֥יתָ בְחַסְדְּךָ֖ עַם־ז֣וּ גָּאָ֑לְתָּ נֵהַ֥לְתָּ בְעָזְּךָ֖ אֶל־נְוֵ֥ה קָדְשֶֽׁךָ׃",
"text": "*nāḥîtā* *ḇəḥasdəḵā* *ʿam*-*zū* *gāʾāltā* *nēhaltā* *ḇəʿāzzəḵā* *ʾel*-*nəwēh* *qāḏšeḵā*",
"grammar": {
"*nāḥîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you led",
"*ḇəḥasdəḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your steadfast love",
"*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of",
"*zū*": "demonstrative pronoun - this",
"*gāʾāltā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you redeemed",
"*nēhaltā*": "piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you guided",
"*ḇəʿāzzəḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your strength",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to",
"*nəwēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - dwelling place of",
"*qāḏšeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your holiness"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥesed*": "steadfast love/lovingkindness/mercy",
"*gāʾāltā*": "you redeemed/you ransomed",
"*nēhaltā*": "you guided/you led/you conducted",
"*nəwēh qāḏšeḵā*": "your holy habitation/your holy dwelling/your holy abode"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Exodus.15.14",
"source": "שָֽׁמְע֥וּ עַמִּ֖ים יִרְגָּז֑וּן חִ֣יל אָחַ֔ז יֹשְׁבֵ֖י פְּלָֽשֶׁת׃",
"text": "*šāməʿū* *ʿammîm* *yirgāzūn* *ḥîl* *ʾāḥaz* *yōšəḇê* *pəlāšet*",
"grammar": {
"*šāməʿū*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they heard",
"*ʿammîm*": "noun, masculine plural - peoples",
"*yirgāzūn*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural + paragogic nun - they tremble",
"*ḥîl*": "noun, masculine singular - anguish",
"*ʾāḥaz*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it seized",
"*yōšəḇê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of",
"*pəlāšet*": "proper noun - Philistia"
},
"variants": {
"*yirgāzūn*": "they tremble/they are agitated/they are in anguish",
"*ḥîl*": "anguish/pain/trembling",
"*ʾāḥaz*": "seized/gripped/took hold of"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Exodus.15.15",
"source": "אָ֤ז נִבְהֲלוּ֙ אַלּוּפֵ֣י אֱד֔וֹם אֵילֵ֣י מוֹאָ֔ב יֹֽאחֲזֵ֖מוֹ רָ֑עַד נָמֹ֕גוּ כֹּ֖ל יֹשְׁבֵ֥י כְנָֽעַן׃",
"text": "*ʾāz* *niḇhălū* *ʾallūp̄ê* *ʾĕḏôm* *ʾêlê* *môʾāḇ* *yōʾḥăzēmô* *rāʿaḏ* *nāmōḡū* *kōl* *yōšəḇê* *ḵənāʿan*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāz*": "adverb - then",
"*niḇhălū*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they were dismayed",
"*ʾallūp̄ê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chiefs of",
"*ʾĕḏôm*": "proper noun - Edom",
"*ʾêlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - leaders/rams of",
"*môʾāḇ*": "proper noun - Moab",
"*yōʾḥăzēmô*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it seizes them",
"*rāʿaḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - trembling",
"*nāmōḡū*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they melted",
"*kōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of",
"*yōšəḇê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of",
"*ḵənāʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan"
},
"variants": {
"*niḇhălū*": "were dismayed/were terrified/were troubled",
"*ʾallūp̄ê*": "chiefs/lords/captains",
"*ʾêlê*": "rams/leaders/mighty ones",
"*yōʾḥăzēmô*": "seizes them/grips them/takes hold of them",
"*nāmōḡū*": "melted/dissolved/fainted"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Exodus.15.16",
"source": "תִּפֹּ֨ל עֲלֵיהֶ֤ם אֵימָ֙תָה֙ וָפַ֔חַד בִּגְדֹ֥ל זְרוֹעֲךָ֖ יִדְּמ֣וּ כָּאָ֑בֶן עַד־יַעֲבֹ֤ר עַמְּךָ֙ יְהוָ֔ה עַֽד־יַעֲבֹ֖ר עַם־ז֥וּ קָנִֽיתָ׃",
"text": "*tippōl* *ʿălêhem* *ʾêmātāh* *wāp̄aḥaḏ* *biḡḏōl* *zərôʿăḵā* *yiddəmū* *kāʾāḇen* *ʿaḏ*-*yaʿăḇōr* *ʿamməḵā* *YHWH* *ʿaḏ*-*yaʿăḇōr* *ʿam*-*zū* *qānîtā*",
"grammar": {
"*tippōl*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will fall",
"*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them",
"*ʾêmātāh*": "noun, feminine singular - terror/dread",
"*wāp̄aḥaḏ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and fear",
"*biḡḏōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - by greatness of",
"*zərôʿăḵā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your arm",
"*yiddəmū*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will be silent",
"*kāʾāḇen*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - like the stone",
"*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until",
"*yaʿăḇōr*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he passes over",
"*ʿamməḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your people",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH",
"*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of",
"*zū*": "demonstrative pronoun - this",
"*qānîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you acquired"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾêmātāh*": "terror/dread/fear",
"*zərôʿăḵā*": "your arm/your power/your strength",
"*yiddəmū*": "be silent/be still/be motionless",
"*qānîtā*": "you acquired/you purchased/you redeemed"
}
}