21{
"verseID": "Exodus.19.21",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה רֵ֖ד הָעֵ֣ד בָּעָ֑ם פֶּן־יֶהֶרְס֤וּ אֶל־יְהוָה֙ לִרְא֔וֹת וְנָפַ֥ל מִמֶּ֖נּוּ רָֽב׃",
"text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *YHWH* to *mōšeh* *rēd* *hāʿēd* in the *ʿām* lest *yeherŝû* to *YHWH* *lirʾôt* *wə-nāpal* from him many.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*rēd*": "verb, qal imperative masculine singular - go down",
"*hāʿēd*": "verb, hiphil imperative masculine singular - warn/testify",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people",
"*yeherŝû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they break through",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)",
"*lirʾôt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to see",
"*wə-nāpal*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and fall",
"*rāb*": "adjective, masculine singular - many/much"
},
"variants": {
"*hāʿēd*": "warn/testify/admonish",
"*yeherŝû*": "break through/break in/burst through",
"*wə-nāpal mimmenû rāb*": "and many of them will fall/and a multitude of them will perish"
}
}
22{
"verseID": "Exodus.19.22",
"source": "וְגַ֧ם הַכֹּהֲנִ֛ים הַנִּגָּשִׁ֥ים אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה יִתְקַדָּ֑שׁוּ פֶּן־יִפְרֹ֥ץ בָּהֶ֖ם יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "And also the *kōhănîm* the *niggāšîm* to *YHWH* *yitqaddāšû* lest *yiprōṣ* in them *YHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine plural (with definite article) - the priests",
"*niggāšîm*": "verb, niphal participle masculine plural (with definite article) - the ones who come near",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)",
"*yitqaddāšû*": "verb, hithpael imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they should consecrate themselves",
"*yiprōṣ*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he breaks out",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)"
},
"variants": {
"*kōhănîm*": "priests/officiants",
"*niggāšîm*": "who come near/who approach/who have access to",
"*yitqaddāšû*": "consecrate themselves/sanctify themselves/purify themselves",
"*yiprōṣ*": "break out against/break forth upon/attack"
}
}
23{
"verseID": "Exodus.19.23",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה לֹא־יוּכַ֣ל הָעָ֔ם לַעֲלֹ֖ת אֶל־הַ֣ר סִינָ֑י כִּֽי־אַתָּ֞ה הַעֵדֹ֤תָה בָּ֙נוּ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הַגְבֵּ֥ל אֶת־הָהָ֖ר וְקִדַּשְׁתּֽוֹ׃",
"text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *mōšeh* to *YHWH* not *yûḵal* the *ʿām* *laʿălōt* to *har* *sînāy* for you *haʿēdōtāh* in us *lēʾmōr* *hagbēl* *ʾet*-the *hār* *wə-qiddaštô*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)",
"*yûḵal*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he is able",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people",
"*laʿălōt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to go up",
"*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of",
"*sînāy*": "proper noun - Sinai",
"*haʿēdōtāh*": "verb, hiphil perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have warned",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - saying",
"*hagbēl*": "verb, hiphil imperative masculine singular - set bounds",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain",
"*wə-qiddaštô*": "conjunction + verb, piel perfect 2nd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and sanctify it"
},
"variants": {
"*yûḵal*": "is able/can/has power",
"*haʿēdōtāh*": "you have warned/you have testified/you have admonished",
"*hagbēl*": "set bounds/mark boundaries/limit access"
}
}
24{
"verseID": "Exodus.19.24",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֤יו יְהוָה֙ לֶךְ־רֵ֔ד וְעָלִ֥יתָ אַתָּ֖ה וְאַהֲרֹ֣ן עִמָּ֑ךְ וְהַכֹּהֲנִ֣ים וְהָעָ֗ם אַל־יֽ͏ֶהֶרְס֛וּ לַעֲלֹ֥ת אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה פֶּן־יִפְרָץ־בָּֽם׃",
"text": "*wə-yōʾmer* to him *YHWH* *leḵ*-*rēd* *wə-ʿālîtā* you and *ʾahărōn* with you and the *kōhănîm* and the *ʿām* not *yeherṣû* *laʿălōt* to *YHWH* lest *yiprāṣ*-in them.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)",
"*leḵ*": "verb, qal imperative masculine singular - go",
"*rēd*": "verb, qal imperative masculine singular - go down",
"*wə-ʿālîtā*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you shall come up",
"*ʾahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron",
"*kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine plural (with definite article) - the priests",
"*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people",
"*yeherṣû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they break through",
"*laʿălōt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to go up",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)",
"*yiprāṣ*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he breaks out"
},
"variants": {
"*leḵ-rēd*": "go, descend/go down",
"*yeherṣû*": "break through/break in/force their way",
"*yiprāṣ*": "break out against/break forth upon/attack"
}
}