Verse 20

{ "verseID": "Genesis.8.20", "source": "וַיִּ֥בֶן נֹ֛חַ מִזְבֵּ֖חַ לֽ͏ַיהוָ֑ה וַיִּקַּ֞ח מִכֹּ֣ל ׀ הַבְּהֵמָ֣ה הַטְּהוֹרָ֗ה וּמִכֹּל֙ הָע֣וֹף הַטָּהֹ֔ר וַיַּ֥עַל עֹלֹ֖ת בַּמִּזְבֵּֽחַ", "text": "And *wayyiben* *nōaḥ* *mizbēaḥ* to-*YHWH*; and *wayyiqqaḥ* from-all the-*bəhēmâ* the-*ṭəhôrâ* and-from-all the-*ʿôp* the-*ṭāhōr*, and *wayyaʿal* *ʿōlōt* in-the-*mizbēaḥ*", "grammar": { "*wayyiben*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he built", "*nōaḥ*": "proper name - Noah", "*mizbēaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - altar", "*YHWH*": "proper name with preposition - to Yahweh/the LORD", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*bəhēmâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the livestock/cattle", "*ṭəhôrâ*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the clean", "*ʿôp*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the bird/fowl", "*ṭāhōr*": "masculine singular adjective with definite article - the clean", "*wayyaʿal*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he offered up", "*ʿōlōt*": "feminine plural noun - burnt offerings", "*mizbēaḥ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and preposition - on the altar" }, "variants": { "*wayyiben*": "built/constructed", "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "took/selected", "*ṭəhôrâ*": "clean/pure/ceremonially clean", "*ṭāhōr*": "clean/pure/ceremonially clean", "*wayyaʿal*": "offered up/caused to ascend/sacrificed", "*ʿōlōt*": "burnt offerings/whole burnt offerings" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Gen 22:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Genesis.22.9", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֗אוּ אֶֽל־הַמָּקוֹם֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָֽמַר־ל֣וֹ הָאֱלֹהִים֒ וַיִּ֨בֶן שָׁ֤ם אַבְרָהָם֙ אֶת־הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ וַֽיַּעֲרֹ֖ךְ אֶת־הָעֵצִ֑ים וַֽיַּעֲקֹד֙ אֶת־יִצְחָ֣ק בְּנ֔וֹ וַיָּ֤שֶׂם אֹתוֹ֙ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ מִמַּ֖עַל לָעֵצִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yābōʾû* to-the-*māqôm* *ʾăšer* *ʾāmar*-to-him the-*ʾĕlōhîm* *wə-yiben* there *ʾabrāhām* *ʾet*-the-*mizbēaḥ* *wə-yaʿărōk* *ʾet*-the-*ʿēṣîm* *wə-yaʿăqōd* *ʾet*-*yiṣḥāq* *bənô* *wə-yāśem* him upon-the-*mizbēaḥ* from-above to-the-*ʿēṣîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yābōʾû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they came", "*māqôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the place", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he had said", "*wə-yiben*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he built", "*mizbēaḥ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the altar", "*wə-yaʿărōk*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he arranged", "*ʿēṣîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the wood", "*wə-yaʿăqōd*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he bound", "*bənô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his son", "*wə-yāśem*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he placed" }, "variants": { "*yiben*": "built/constructed", "*yaʿărōk*": "arranged/set in order/prepared", "*yaʿăqōd*": "bound/tied up/restrained", "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice" } }
  • Gen 12:7-8 : 7 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.7", "source": "וַיֵּרָ֤א יְהוָה֙ אֶל־אַבְרָ֔ם וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לְזַ֨רְעֲךָ֔ אֶתֵּ֖ן אֶת־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֑את וַיִּ֤בֶן שָׁם֙ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ לַיהוָ֖ה הַנִּרְאֶ֥ה אֵלָֽיו׃", "text": "And-*wayyērāʾ* *YHWH* to-*ʾAbrām* and-*wayyōʾmer* to-*zeraʿakā* *ʾettēn* *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ* the-*zōʾt* and-*wayyiben* there *mizbbēaḥ* to-*YHWH* the-*hannirʾeh* to-him.", "grammar": { "*wayyērāʾ*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular niphal - and he appeared", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾAbrām*": "proper noun - Abram", "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*zeraʿakā*": "noun masculine + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*ʾettēn*": "imperfect 1st person singular - I will give", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative feminine singular - this", "*wayyiben*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he built", "*mizbbēaḥ*": "noun masculine singular - altar", "*hannirʾeh*": "article + participle masculine singular niphal - the one appearing", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him" }, "variants": { "*zeraʿakā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants", "*hannirʾeh*": "who appeared/who had appeared/who was appearing" } } 8 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.8", "source": "וַיַּעְתֵּ֨ק מִשָּׁ֜ם הָהָ֗רָה מִקֶּ֛דֶם לְבֵֽית־אֵ֖ל וַיֵּ֣ט אָהֳלֹ֑ה בֵּֽית־אֵ֤ל מִיָּם֙ וְהָעַ֣י מִקֶּ֔דֶם וַיִּֽבֶן־שָׁ֤ם מִזְבֵּ֙חַ֙ לֽ͏ַיהוָ֔ה וַיִּקְרָ֖א בְּשֵׁ֥ם יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And-*wayyaʿtēq* from-there *hāhārāh* from-*miqqedem* to-*Bêt*-*ʾĒl* and-*wayyēṭ* *ʾāholōh* *Bêt*-*ʾĒl* from-*miyyām* and-the-*ʿAy* from-*miqqedem* and-*wayyiben*-there *mizbēaḥ* to-*YHWH* and-*wayyiqrāʾ* in-*bešēm* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿtēq*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular hiphil - and he moved", "*hāhārāh*": "article + noun masculine + directional heh - to the mountain", "*miqqedem*": "preposition + noun masculine - from east", "*Bêt*-*ʾĒl*": "compound proper noun - Bethel (house of God)", "*wayyēṭ*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he pitched", "*ʾāholōh*": "noun masculine + 3rd person masculine singular suffix + directional heh - his tent", "*miyyām*": "preposition + noun masculine - from west", "*ʿAy*": "proper noun - Ai", "*wayyiben*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he built", "*mizbēaḥ*": "noun masculine singular - altar", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he called", "*bešēm*": "preposition + noun masculine - in/on the name of" }, "variants": { "*miqqedem*": "from the east/eastward/on the east", "*miyyām*": "from the west/westward/on the west/from the sea", "*wayyiqrāʾ* *bešēm*": "he called on the name/he proclaimed the name/he invoked the name" } }
  • Lev 11:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.1", "source": "וַיְדַבֵּ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה וְאֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֖ן לֵאמֹ֥ר אֲלֵהֶֽם", "text": "And *wəyədabbēr* *YHWH* unto-*Mōšeh* and unto-*ʾAhărōn* *lēʾmōr* unto-them", "grammar": { "*wəyədabbēr*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾAhărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to say/saying", "*ʾĕlēhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to/unto them" }, "variants": { "*wəyədabbēr*": "and he spoke/and he said/and he commanded", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say/commanding" } } 2 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.2", "source": "דַּבְּר֛וּ אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר זֹ֤את הַֽחַיָּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֹּאכְל֔וּ מִכָּל־הַבְּהֵמָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ", "text": "*Dabbərū* unto-*bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *lēʾmōr* this the-*ḥayyâ* which *tōʾḵəlū* from-all-the-*bəhēmâ* which upon-the-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*Dabbərū*": "Piel imperative, 2nd masculine plural - speak/say", "*bənê*": "construct state, masculine plural - sons/children of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to say/saying", "*zōʾt*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*ha-ḥayyâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the living thing/animal", "*tōʾḵəlū*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you may eat", "*ha-bəhēmâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the beast/cattle/animal", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land/ground" }, "variants": { "*ḥayyâ*": "living thing/animal/creature", "*bəhēmâ*": "beast/cattle/livestock/animal", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground/territory" } } 3 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.3", "source": "כֹּ֣ל ׀ מַפְרֶ֣סֶת פַּרְסָ֗ה וְשֹׁסַ֤עַת שֶׁ֙סַע֙ פְּרָסֹ֔ת מַעֲלַ֥ת גֵּרָ֖ה בַּבְּהֵמָ֑ה אֹתָ֖הּ תֹּאכֵֽלוּ", "text": "Any *mafreseth* *parsâ* and-*šōsaʿat* *šesaʿ* *pərāsōt* *maʿălat* *gērâ* among-the-*bəhēmâ* it *tōʾḵēlū*", "grammar": { "*kōl*": "noun, construct state - any/all of", "*mafreseth*": "Hifil participle, feminine singular - dividing/having divided", "*parsâ*": "feminine singular noun - hoof", "*wə-šōsaʿat*": "waw conjunction + Qal participle, feminine singular - and cleaving/splitting", "*šesaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - cleft/division", "*pərāsōt*": "feminine plural noun - hooves", "*maʿălat*": "Hifil participle, feminine singular - bringing up/chewing", "*gērâ*": "feminine singular noun - cud", "*ba-bəhēmâ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - among the beasts/cattle", "*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine singular suffix - it/that", "*tōʾḵēlū*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you may eat" }, "variants": { "*mafreseth parsâ*": "parts the hoof/has split hooves", "*šōsaʿat šesaʿ pərāsōt*": "completely splits the hoof/has wholly divided hooves", "*maʿălat gērâ*": "brings up the cud/chews the cud/ruminates" } } 4 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.4", "source": "אַ֤ךְ אֶת־זֶה֙ לֹ֣א תֹֽאכְל֔וּ מִֽמַּעֲלֵי֙ הַגֵּרָ֔ה וּמִמַּפְרִיסֵ֖י הַפַּרְסָ֑ה אֶֽת־הַ֠גָּמָל כִּֽי־מַעֲלֵ֨ה גֵרָ֜ה ה֗וּא וּפַרְסָה֙ אֵינֶ֣נּוּ מַפְרִ֔יס טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם", "text": "Yet this not *tōʾḵəlū* from-*maʿălê* the-*gērâ* and-from-*mafrîsê* the-*parsâ* the-*gāmāl* for-*maʿălēh* *gērâ* he and-*parsâ* not-he *mafrîs* *ṭāmēʾ* he to-you", "grammar": { "*ʾaḵ*": "restrictive adverb - yet/but/however", "*lōʾ tōʾḵəlū*": "negative particle + Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall not eat", "*mi-maʿălê*": "preposition + Hifil participle, masculine plural construct - from those bringing up", "*ha-gērâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the cud", "*ū-mi-mafrîsê*": "waw conjunction + preposition + Hifil participle, masculine plural construct - and from those dividing", "*ha-parsâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the hoof", "*ha-gāmāl*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the camel", "*kî-maʿălēh*": "conjunction + Hifil participle, masculine singular - for bringing up", "*gērâ*": "feminine singular noun - cud", "*hūʾ*": "3rd masculine singular independent pronoun - he/it", "*ū-parsâ*": "waw conjunction + feminine singular noun - and hoof", "*ʾênennū*": "negative particle + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he/it is not", "*mafrîs*": "Hifil participle, masculine singular - dividing/splitting", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "adjective, masculine singular - unclean/impure", "*hūʾ*": "3rd masculine singular independent pronoun - he/it", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to/for you" }, "variants": { "*gāmāl*": "camel", "*maʿălēh gērâ*": "brings up cud/chews cud/ruminates", "*mafrîs*": "parts/divides/splits", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean/impure/defiled" } } 5 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.5", "source": "וְאֶת־הַשָּׁפָ֗ן כִּֽי־מַעֲלֵ֤ה גֵרָה֙ ה֔וּא וּפַרְסָ֖ה לֹ֣א יַפְרִ֑יס טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם", "text": "And-the-*šāfān* for-*maʿălēh* *gērâ* he and-*parsâ* not *yafrîs* *ṭāmēʾ* he to-you", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾet-ha-šāfān*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the hyrax/rock badger", "*kî-maʿălēh*": "conjunction + Hifil participle, masculine singular - for bringing up", "*gērâ*": "feminine singular noun - cud", "*hūʾ*": "3rd masculine singular independent pronoun - he/it", "*ū-parsâ*": "waw conjunction + feminine singular noun - and hoof", "*lōʾ yafrîs*": "negative particle + Hifil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he does not divide/split", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "adjective, masculine singular - unclean/impure", "*hūʾ*": "3rd masculine singular independent pronoun - he/it", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to/for you" }, "variants": { "*šāfān*": "hyrax/rock badger/coney", "*maʿălēh gērâ*": "brings up cud/chews cud/ruminates", "*yafrîs*": "divides/parts/splits [the hoof]" } } 6 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.6", "source": "וְאֶת־הָאַרְנֶ֗בֶת כִּֽי־מַעֲלַ֤ת גֵּרָה֙ הִ֔וא וּפַרְסָ֖ה לֹ֣א הִפְרִ֑יסָה טְמֵאָ֥ה הִ֖וא לָכֶֽם", "text": "And-the-*ʾarnebeth* for-*maʿălat* *gērâ* she and-*parsâ* not *hifrîsâ* *ṭəmēʾâ* she to-you", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾet-hā-ʾarnebeth*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the hare/rabbit", "*kî-maʿălat*": "conjunction + Hifil participle, feminine singular - for bringing up", "*gērâ*": "feminine singular noun - cud", "*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular independent pronoun - she/it", "*ū-parsâ*": "waw conjunction + feminine singular noun - and hoof", "*lōʾ hifrîsâ*": "negative particle + Hifil perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she has not divided/split", "*ṭəmēʾâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - unclean/impure", "*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular independent pronoun - she/it", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to/for you" }, "variants": { "*ʾarnebeth*": "hare/rabbit", "*maʿălat gērâ*": "brings up cud/chews cud/ruminates", "*hifrîsâ*": "has divided/parted/split [the hoof]" } } 7 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.7", "source": "וְאֶת־הַ֠חֲזִיר כִּֽי־מַפְרִ֨יס פַּרְסָ֜ה ה֗וּא וְשֹׁסַ֥ע שֶׁ֙סַע֙ פַּרְסָ֔ה וְה֖וּא גֵּרָ֣ה לֹֽא־יִגָּ֑ר טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם", "text": "And-the-*ḥăzîr* for-*mafrîs* *parsâ* he and-*šōsaʿ* *šesaʿ* *parsâ* and-he *gērâ* not-*yiggār* *ṭāmēʾ* he to-you", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾet-ha-ḥăzîr*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the pig/swine", "*kî-mafrîs*": "conjunction + Hifil participle, masculine singular - for dividing/parting", "*parsâ*": "feminine singular noun - hoof", "*hūʾ*": "3rd masculine singular independent pronoun - he/it", "*wə-šōsaʿ*": "waw conjunction + Qal participle, masculine singular - and splitting", "*šesaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - cleft/division", "*parsâ*": "feminine singular noun - hoof", "*wə-hūʾ*": "waw conjunction + 3rd masculine singular independent pronoun - and he/it", "*gērâ*": "feminine singular noun - cud", "*lōʾ-yiggār*": "negative particle + Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - does not chew/bring up", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "adjective, masculine singular - unclean/impure", "*hūʾ*": "3rd masculine singular independent pronoun - he/it", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to/for you" }, "variants": { "*ḥăzîr*": "pig/swine/boar", "*mafrîs parsâ*": "divides the hoof/has split hooves", "*šōsaʿ šesaʿ parsâ*": "completely splits the hoof/has wholly divided hooves", "*yiggār*": "chews/brings up/ruminates" } } 8 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.8", "source": "מִבְּשָׂרָם֙ לֹ֣א תֹאכֵ֔לוּ וּבְנִבְלָתָ֖ם לֹ֣א תִגָּ֑עוּ טְמֵאִ֥ים הֵ֖ם לָכֶֽם", "text": "From-*bəśārām* not *tōʾḵēlū* and-in-*niḇlātām* not *tiggāʿū* *ṭəmēʾîm* they to-you", "grammar": { "*mi-bəśārām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from their flesh/meat", "*lōʾ tōʾḵēlū*": "negative particle + Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall not eat", "*ū-ḇə-niḇlātām*": "waw conjunction + preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and in their carcass/dead body", "*lōʾ tiggāʿū*": "negative particle + Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall not touch", "*ṭəmēʾîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - unclean/impure", "*hēm*": "3rd masculine plural independent pronoun - they", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to/for you" }, "variants": { "*bəśārām*": "their flesh/their meat/their body", "*niḇlātām*": "their carcass/their dead body/their corpse", "*tiggāʿū*": "you touch/you contact/you handle" } } 9 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.9", "source": "אֶת־זֶה֙ תֹּֽאכְל֔וּ מִכֹּ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּמָּ֑יִם כֹּ֣ל אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ֩ סְנַפִּ֨יר וְקַשְׂקֶ֜שֶׂת בַּמַּ֗יִם בַּיַּמִּ֛ים וּבַנְּחָלִ֖ים אֹתָ֥ם תֹּאכֵֽלוּ", "text": "This *tōʾḵəlū* from-all which in-the-*mayim* all which-has *sənapîr* and-*qaśqeśet* in-the-*mayim* in-the-*yammîm* and-in-the-*nəḥālîm* them *tōʾḵēlū*", "grammar": { "*ʾet-zeh*": "direct object marker + masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*tōʾḵəlū*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you may eat", "*mi-kōl*": "preposition + noun, construct state - from all of", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ba-māyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the waters", "*kōl*": "noun, construct state - all of", "*ʾăšer-lō*": "relative pronoun + preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - which has", "*sənapîr*": "masculine singular noun - fin", "*wə-qaśqeśet*": "waw conjunction + feminine singular noun - and scale", "*ba-mayim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the waters", "*ba-yammîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the seas", "*ū-ḇa-nəḥālîm*": "waw conjunction + preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - and in the streams/rivers", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*tōʾḵēlū*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you may eat" }, "variants": { "*mayim*": "waters/water", "*sənapîr*": "fin", "*qaśqeśet*": "scale", "*yammîm*": "seas/oceans", "*nəḥālîm*": "streams/rivers/wadis" } } 10 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.10", "source": "וְכֹל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֵֽין־ל֜וֹ סְנַפִּ֣יר וְקַשְׂקֶ֗שֶׂת בַּיַּמִּים֙ וּבַנְּחָלִ֔ים מִכֹּל֙ שֶׁ֣רֶץ הַמַּ֔יִם וּמִכֹּ֛ל נֶ֥פֶשׁ הַחַיָּ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּמָּ֑יִם שֶׁ֥קֶץ הֵ֖ם לָכֶֽם", "text": "And-all which not-has *sənapîr* and-*qaśqeśet* in-the-*yammîm* and-in-the-*nəḥālîm* from-all *šereṣ* the-*mayim* and-from-all *nefeš* the-*ḥayyâ* which in-the-*mayim* *šeqeṣ* they to-you", "grammar": { "*wə-ḵōl*": "waw conjunction + noun, construct state - and all of", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʾên-lō*": "negative particle of existence + preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - has not", "*sənapîr*": "masculine singular noun - fin", "*wə-qaśqeśet*": "waw conjunction + feminine singular noun - and scale", "*ba-yammîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the seas", "*ū-ḇa-nəḥālîm*": "waw conjunction + preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - and in the streams/rivers", "*mi-kōl*": "preposition + noun, construct state - from all of", "*šereṣ*": "masculine singular noun, construct state - swarming thing of", "*ha-mayim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the waters", "*ū-mi-kōl*": "waw conjunction + preposition + noun, construct state - and from all of", "*nefeš*": "feminine singular noun, construct state - living creature of", "*ha-ḥayyâ*": "definite article + feminine singular adjective - the living", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ba-māyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the waters", "*šeqeṣ*": "masculine singular noun - detestable thing/abomination", "*hēm*": "3rd masculine plural independent pronoun - they", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to/for you" }, "variants": { "*šereṣ*": "swarming thing/teeming creature/creeping thing", "*nefeš ha-ḥayyâ*": "living creature/living being/living thing", "*šeqeṣ*": "detestable thing/abomination/loathsome thing" } } 11 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.11", "source": "וְשֶׁ֖קֶץ יִהְי֣וּ לָכֶ֑ם מִבְּשָׂרָם֙ לֹ֣א תֹאכֵ֔לוּ וְאֶת־נִבְלָתָ֖ם תְּשַׁקֵּֽצוּ", "text": "And-*šeqeṣ* *yihyū* to-you from-*bəśārām* not *tōʾḵēlū* and-their-*niḇlātām* *təšaqqēṣū*", "grammar": { "*wə-šeqeṣ*": "waw conjunction + masculine singular noun - and detestable thing/abomination", "*yihyū*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall be", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to/for you", "*mi-bəśārām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from their flesh/meat", "*lōʾ tōʾḵēlū*": "negative particle + Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall not eat", "*wə-ʾet-niḇlātām*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their carcass/dead body", "*təšaqqēṣū*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall detest/abhor" }, "variants": { "*šeqeṣ*": "detestable thing/abomination/loathsome thing", "*bəśārām*": "their flesh/their meat/their body", "*niḇlātām*": "their carcass/their dead body/their corpse", "*təšaqqēṣū*": "detest/abhor/regard as abominable" } } 12 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.12", "source": "כֹּ֣ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֵֽין־ל֛וֹ סְנַפִּ֥יר וְקַשְׂקֶ֖שֶׂת בַּמָּ֑יִם שֶׁ֥קֶץ ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם", "text": "All which not-has *sənapîr* and-*qaśqeśet* in-the-*mayim* *šeqeṣ* he to-you", "grammar": { "*kōl*": "noun, construct state - all of", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʾên-lō*": "negative particle of existence + preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - has not", "*sənapîr*": "masculine singular noun - fin", "*wə-qaśqeśet*": "waw conjunction + feminine singular noun - and scale", "*ba-māyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the waters", "*šeqeṣ*": "masculine singular noun - detestable thing/abomination", "*hūʾ*": "3rd masculine singular independent pronoun - he/it", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to/for you" }, "variants": { "*sənapîr*": "fin", "*qaśqeśet*": "scale", "*mayim*": "waters/water", "*šeqeṣ*": "detestable thing/abomination/loathsome thing" } } 13 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.13", "source": "וְאֶת־אֵ֙לֶּה֙ תְּשַׁקְּצ֣וּ מִן־הָע֔וֹף לֹ֥א יֵאָכְל֖וּ שֶׁ֣קֶץ הֵ֑ם אֶת־הַנֶּ֙שֶׁר֙ וְאֶת־הַפֶּ֔רֶס וְאֵ֖ת הָעָזְנִיָּֽה", "text": "And-these *təšaqqəṣū* from-the-*ʿôf* not *yēʾāḵəlū* *šeqeṣ* they the-*nešer* and-the-*peres* and the-*ʿāzniyyâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾet-ʾēlleh*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + demonstrative pronoun, plural - and these", "*təšaqqəṣū*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall detest/abhor", "*min-hā-ʿôf*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - from the birds/flying creatures", "*lōʾ yēʾāḵəlū*": "negative particle + Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall not be eaten", "*šeqeṣ*": "masculine singular noun - detestable thing/abomination", "*hēm*": "3rd masculine plural independent pronoun - they", "*ʾet-ha-nešer*": "direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - the eagle/vulture", "*wə-ʾet-ha-peres*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the ossifrage/bearded vulture", "*wə-ʾēt hā-ʿāzniyyâ*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the osprey/black vulture" }, "variants": { "*təšaqqəṣū*": "detest/abhor/regard as abominable", "*ʿôf*": "birds/flying creatures/winged things", "*nešer*": "eagle/vulture/great bird of prey", "*peres*": "ossifrage/bearded vulture/bone-breaker", "*ʿāzniyyâ*": "osprey/black vulture/sea eagle" } } 14 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.14", "source": "וְאֶת־הַ֨דָּאָ֔ה וְאֶת־הָאַיָּ֖ה לְמִינָֽהּ", "text": "And-the-*dāʾâ* and-the-*ʾayyâ* to-*mînāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾet-ha-dāʾâ*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the kite/vulture", "*wə-ʾet-hā-ʾayyâ*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the falcon/hawk", "*lə-mînāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - according to its kind" }, "variants": { "*dāʾâ*": "kite/vulture/bird of prey", "*ʾayyâ*": "falcon/hawk/bird of prey", "*mînāh*": "its kind/its species/its sort" } } 15 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.15", "source": "אֵ֥ת כָּל־עֹרֵ֖ב לְמִינֽוֹ", "text": "Every *ʿōrēḇ* to-*mînô*", "grammar": { "*ʾēt kāl-ʿōrēḇ*": "direct object marker + noun, construct state + masculine singular noun - every raven/crow", "*lə-mînô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - according to its kind" }, "variants": { "*ʿōrēḇ*": "raven/crow/black bird", "*mînô*": "its kind/its species/its sort" } } 16 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.16", "source": "וְאֵת֙ בַּ֣ת הַֽיַּעֲנָ֔ה וְאֶת־הַתַּחְמָ֖ס וְאֶת־הַשָּׁ֑חַף וְאֶת־הַנֵּ֖ץ לְמִינֵֽהוּ", "text": "And *bat* the-*yaʿănâ* and-the-*taḥmās* and-the-*šāḥaf* and-the-*nēṣ* to-*mînēhū*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾēt bat ha-yaʿănâ*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + feminine singular noun construct + definite article + proper noun - and daughter of the ostrich/owl", "*wə-ʾet-ha-taḥmās*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the night hawk/owl", "*wə-ʾet-ha-šāḥaf*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the cuckoo/seagull", "*wə-ʾet-ha-nēṣ*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the hawk/falcon", "*lə-mînēhū*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - according to its kind" }, "variants": { "*bat ha-yaʿănâ*": "ostrich/owl/female ostrich", "*taḥmās*": "night hawk/owl/male ostrich", "*šāḥaf*": "cuckoo/seagull/sea bird", "*nēṣ*": "hawk/falcon/bird of prey", "*mînēhū*": "its kind/its species/its sort" } } 17 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.17", "source": "וְאֶת־הַכּ֥וֹס וְאֶת־הַשָּׁלָ֖ךְ וְאֶת־הַיַּנְשֽׁוּף", "text": "And-the-*kôs* and-the-*šālāḵ* and-the-*yanšûf*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾet-ha-kôs*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the little owl", "*wə-ʾet-ha-šālāḵ*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the cormorant/fish owl", "*wə-ʾet-ha-yanšûf*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the great owl/ibis" }, "variants": { "*kôs*": "little owl/screech owl", "*šālāḵ*": "cormorant/fish owl/water bird", "*yanšûf*": "great owl/ibis/eared owl" } } 18 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.18", "source": "וְאֶת־הַתִּנְשֶׁ֥מֶת וְאֶת־הַקָּאָ֖ת וְאֶת־הָרָחָֽם", "text": "And-the-*tinšemet* and-the-*qāʾāt* and-the-*rāḥām*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾet-ha-tinšemet*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the swan/white owl", "*wə-ʾet-ha-qāʾāt*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the pelican", "*wə-ʾet-hā-rāḥām*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the gier eagle/vulture" }, "variants": { "*tinšemet*": "swan/white owl/water hen", "*qāʾāt*": "pelican/desert owl", "*rāḥām*": "gier eagle/vulture/carrion vulture" } } 19 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.19", "source": "וְאֵת֙ הַחֲסִידָ֔ה הָאֲנָפָ֖ה לְמִינָ֑הּ וְאֶת־הַדּוּכִיפַ֖ת וְאֶת־הָעֲטַלֵּֽף", "text": "And the-*ḥăsîdâ* the-*ʾănāfâ* to-*mînāh* and-the-*dûḵîfat* and-the-*ʿăṭallēf*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾēt ha-ḥăsîdâ*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the stork", "*hā-ʾănāfâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the heron", "*lə-mînāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - according to its kind", "*wə-ʾet-ha-dûḵîfat*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the lapwing/hoopoe", "*wə-ʾet-hā-ʿăṭallēf*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the bat" }, "variants": { "*ḥăsîdâ*": "stork/heron", "*ʾănāfâ*": "heron/egret/bird of prey", "*mînāh*": "its kind/its species/its sort", "*dûḵîfat*": "lapwing/hoopoe", "*ʿăṭallēf*": "bat" } } 20 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.20", "source": "כֹּ֚ל שֶׁ֣רֶץ הָע֔וֹף הַהֹלֵ֖ךְ עַל־אַרְבַּ֑ע שֶׁ֥קֶץ ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם", "text": "All *šereṣ* the-*ʿôf* the-*hōlēḵ* on-four *šeqeṣ* he to-you", "grammar": { "*kōl*": "noun, construct state - all of", "*šereṣ*": "masculine singular noun, construct state - swarming thing of", "*hā-ʿôf*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the birds/flying creatures", "*ha-hōlēḵ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the walking/going", "*ʿal-ʾarbaʿ*": "preposition + cardinal number - on four", "*šeqeṣ*": "masculine singular noun - detestable thing/abomination", "*hūʾ*": "3rd masculine singular independent pronoun - he/it", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - to/for you" }, "variants": { "*šereṣ*": "swarming thing/creeping thing/teeming creature", "*ʿôf*": "birds/flying creatures/winged things", "*hōlēḵ*": "walking/going/moving", "*šeqeṣ*": "detestable thing/abomination/loathsome thing" } } 21 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.21", "source": "אַ֤ךְ אֶת־זֶה֙ תֹּֽאכְל֔וּ מִכֹּל֙ שֶׁ֣רֶץ הָע֔וֹף הַהֹלֵ֖ךְ עַל־אַרְבַּ֑ע אֲשֶׁר־*לא **ל֤וֹ כְרָעַ֙יִם֙ מִמַּ֣עַל לְרַגְלָ֔יו לְנַתֵּ֥ר בָּהֵ֖ן עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ", "text": "Yet this *tōʾḵəlū* from-all *šereṣ* the-*ʿôf* the-*hōlēḵ* on-four which-has *ḵərāʿayim* from-above to-*raḡlāw* to-*nattēr* with-them upon-the-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*ʾaḵ*": "restrictive adverb - yet/but/however", "*ʾet-zeh*": "direct object marker + masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*tōʾḵəlū*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you may eat", "*mi-kōl*": "preposition + noun, construct state - from all of", "*šereṣ*": "masculine singular noun, construct state - swarming thing of", "*hā-ʿôf*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the birds/flying creatures", "*ha-hōlēḵ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the walking/going", "*ʿal-ʾarbaʿ*": "preposition + cardinal number - on four", "*ʾăšer-lō*": "relative pronoun + preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - which has", "*ḵərāʿayim*": "feminine dual noun - legs/jointed legs", "*mi-maʿal*": "preposition + adverb - from above", "*lə-raḡlāw*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to its feet", "*lə-nattēr*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to leap/jump", "*bāhēn*": "preposition + 3rd feminine plural suffix - with them", "*ʿal-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - upon the earth/ground" }, "variants": { "*šereṣ*": "swarming thing/creeping thing/teeming creature", "*ʿôf*": "birds/flying creatures/winged things", "*hōlēḵ*": "walking/going/moving", "*ḵərāʿayim*": "legs/jointed legs/knee joints", "*raḡlāw*": "its feet/its legs", "*nattēr*": "to leap/to jump/to spring", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground" } } 22 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.22", "source": "אֶת־אֵ֤לֶּה מֵהֶם֙ תֹּאכֵ֔לוּ אֶת־הֽ͏ָאַרְבֶּ֣ה לְמִינ֔וֹ וְאֶת־הַסָּלְעָ֖ם לְמִינֵ֑הוּ וְאֶת־הַחַרְגֹּ֣ל לְמִינֵ֔הוּ וְאֶת־הֶחָגָ֖ב לְמִינֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "*ʾēt-ʾēlleh* from them *tōʾḵēlû* *ʾēt-hāʾarbeh* to its *mîn*, *wəʾēt-hassāləʿām* to its *mîn*, *wəʾēt-haḥargōl* to its *mîn*, and *ʾēt-heḥāgāb* to its *mîn*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, 'these'", "*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'from/of them'", "*tōʾḵēlû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural, 'you shall eat'", "*hāʾarbeh*": "definite article + masculine noun, 'the locust'", "*ləmînô*": "preposition + masculine noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'according to its kind'", "*wə*": "conjunction, 'and'", "*hassāləʿām*": "definite article + masculine noun, 'the bald locust/cricket'", "*ləmînēhû*": "preposition + masculine noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'according to its kind'", "*haḥargōl*": "definite article + masculine noun, 'the cricket/beetle'", "*heḥāgāb*": "definite article + masculine noun, 'the grasshopper'" }, "variants": { "*ʾarbeh*": "locust, type of flying insect", "*sāləʿām*": "bald locust, potentially a type of cricket", "*ḥargōl*": "cricket, beetle, type of edible insect", "*ḥāgāb*": "grasshopper, locust, type of edible insect", "*mîn*": "kind, species, category" } } 23 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.23", "source": "וְכֹל֙ שֶׁ֣רֶץ הָע֔וֹף אֲשֶׁר־ל֖וֹ אַרְבַּ֣ע רַגְלָ֑יִם שֶׁ֥קֶץ ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "And all *šereṣ* of the *ʿôp* which has four *raglayim*, *šeqeṣ* *hûʾ* to you.", "grammar": { "*wəḵōl*": "conjunction + construct noun, 'and all/every'", "*šereṣ*": "masculine singular noun in construct, 'swarming thing/creeping thing'", "*hāʿôp*": "definite article + masculine singular noun, 'the flying creature/bird'", "*ʾăšer-lô*": "relative pronoun + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'which has'", "*ʾarbaʿ*": "numeral, 'four'", "*raglayim*": "feminine dual noun, 'feet/legs'", "*šeqeṣ*": "masculine singular noun, 'detestable thing/abomination'", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun, 'it (is)'", "*lāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix, 'to/for you'" }, "variants": { "*šereṣ*": "swarming thing, creeping thing, crawling creature", "*ʿôp*": "flying creature, bird, winged insect", "*raglayim*": "feet, legs (dual form)", "*šeqeṣ*": "detestable thing, abomination, ritually unclean" } } 24 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.24", "source": "וּלְאֵ֖לֶּה תִּטַּמָּ֑אוּ כָּל־הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בְּנִבְלָתָ֖ם יִטְמָ֥א עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃", "text": "And by *ʾēlleh* you shall *tiṭṭammāʾû*, all *hannōgēaʿ* with their *nəbēlâ* shall *yiṭmāʾ* until the *ʿāreb*.", "grammar": { "*ûləʾēlleh*": "conjunction + preposition + demonstrative pronoun, 'and by these'", "*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "hitpael imperfect, 2nd masculine plural, 'you shall become unclean'", "*kol*": "noun in construct, 'all/every'", "*hannōgēaʿ*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular, 'the one touching'", "*bənibəlâtām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'with their carcass'", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'he shall be unclean'", "*ʿad-hāʿāreb*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'until the evening'" }, "variants": { "*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "become unclean, be defiled, be ritually impure", "*nōgēaʿ*": "one touching, one who comes in contact with", "*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "be unclean, be impure, be defiled", "*ʿāreb*": "evening, sunset" } } 25 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.25", "source": "וְכָל־הַנֹּשֵׂ֖א מִנִּבְלָתָ֑ם יְכַבֵּ֥ס בְּגָדָ֖יו וְטָמֵ֥א עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃", "text": "And all *hannōśēʾ* from their *nəbēlâ* shall *yəḵabbēs* his *bəgādîm* and shall be *ṭāmēʾ* until the *ʿāreb*.", "grammar": { "*wəḵol*": "conjunction + noun in construct, 'and all/every'", "*hannōśēʾ*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular, 'the one carrying/bearing'", "*minnibəlātām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'from their carcass'", "*yəḵabbēs*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'he shall wash'", "*bəgādāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'his clothes/garments'", "*wəṭāmēʾ*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular, 'and unclean'", "*ʿad-hāʿāreb*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'until the evening'" }, "variants": { "*nōśēʾ*": "one carrying, one bearing, one who lifts", "*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse", "*yəḵabbēs*": "wash, cleanse, launder", "*bəgādîm*": "clothes, garments, vestments", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean, impure, defiled", "*ʿāreb*": "evening, sunset" } } 26 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.26", "source": "לְֽכָל־הַבְּהֵמָ֡ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִוא֩ מַפְרֶ֨סֶת פַּרְסָ֜ה וְשֶׁ֣סַע ׀ אֵינֶ֣נָּה שֹׁסַ֗עַת וְגֵרָה֙ אֵינֶ֣נָּה מַעֲלָ֔ה טְמֵאִ֥ים הֵ֖ם לָכֶ֑ם כָּל־הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בָּהֶ֖ם יִטְמָֽא׃", "text": "For all the *bəhēmâ* which *hîʾ* *mapreset* *parsâ* but *šesaʿ* is not *šōsaʿat* and *gērâ* is not *maʿălâ*, *ṭəmēʾîm* they are to you; all *hannōgēaʿ* with them shall *yiṭmāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*ləḵol*": "preposition + noun in construct, 'for all/every'", "*habbəhēmâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun, 'the animal/beast/cattle'", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun, 'which'", "*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun, 'it/she'", "*mapreset*": "hiphil participle feminine singular, 'dividing/splitting'", "*parsâ*": "feminine singular noun, 'hoof'", "*wəšesaʿ*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun, 'and cleft/split'", "*ʾênennâ*": "negative particle + 3rd feminine singular suffix, 'is not'", "*šōsaʿat*": "qal participle feminine singular, 'cleaving/dividing'", "*wəgērâ*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun, 'and cud'", "*maʿălâ*": "hiphil participle feminine singular, 'bringing up/raising'", "*ṭəmēʾîm*": "adjective masculine plural, 'unclean'", "*hēm*": "3rd masculine plural pronoun, 'they'", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix, 'to/for you'", "*kol*": "noun in construct, 'all/every'", "*hannōgēaʿ*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular, 'the one touching'", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'with them'", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'he shall be unclean'" }, "variants": { "*bəhēmâ*": "animal, beast, cattle, livestock", "*mapreset parsâ*": "having divided hooves, having split hooves", "*šesaʿ*": "cleft, division, split", "*šōsaʿat*": "cleaving, splitting completely", "*gērâ*": "cud (food brought up to be chewed again)", "*maʿălâ*": "bringing up, raising, elevating (referring to rumination)", "*ṭəmēʾîm*": "unclean, impure, defiled" } } 27 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.27", "source": "וְכֹ֣ל ׀ הוֹלֵ֣ךְ עַל־כַּפָּ֗יו בְּכָל־הַֽחַיָּה֙ הַהֹלֶ֣כֶת עַל־אַרְבַּ֔ע טְמֵאִ֥ים הֵ֖ם לָכֶ֑ם כָּל־הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בְּנִבְלָתָ֖ם יִטְמָ֥א עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃", "text": "And all *hôlēḵ* upon its *kappāyw* among all the *ḥayyâ* *hahōleḵet* upon four, *ṭəmēʾîm* they are to you; all *hannōgēaʿ* with their *nəbēlâ* shall *yiṭmāʾ* until the *ʿāreb*.", "grammar": { "*wəḵōl*": "conjunction + noun in construct, 'and all/every'", "*hôlēḵ*": "qal participle masculine singular, 'walking/going'", "*ʿal-kappāyw*": "preposition + feminine dual noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'upon its paws'", "*bəḵol*": "preposition + noun in construct, 'among all'", "*haḥayyâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun, 'the living thing/beast'", "*hahōleḵet*": "definite article + qal participle feminine singular, 'the walking/going'", "*ʿal-ʾarbaʿ*": "preposition + numeral, 'upon four (legs)'", "*ṭəmēʾîm*": "adjective masculine plural, 'unclean'", "*hēm*": "3rd masculine plural pronoun, 'they'", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix, 'to/for you'", "*kol*": "noun in construct, 'all/every'", "*hannōgēaʿ*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular, 'the one touching'", "*bənibəlātām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'with their carcass'", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'he shall be unclean'", "*ʿad-hāʿāreb*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'until the evening'" }, "variants": { "*hôlēḵ*": "walking, going, moving", "*kappāyw*": "paws, hands, palms (dual form)", "*ḥayyâ*": "living thing, animal, beast, creature", "*hahōleḵet*": "the one walking, moving creature", "*ṭəmēʾîm*": "unclean, impure, defiled", "*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse" } } 28 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.28", "source": "וְהַנֹּשֵׂא֙ אֶת־נִבְלָתָ֔ם יְכַבֵּ֥ס בְּגָדָ֖יו וְטָמֵ֣א עַד־הָעָ֑רֶב טְמֵאִ֥ים הֵ֖מָּה לָכֶֽם׃ ס", "text": "And *hannōśēʾ* *ʾet-nibəlātām* shall *yəḵabbēs* his *bəgādîm* and shall be *ṭāmēʾ* until the *ʿāreb*; *ṭəmēʾîm* they are to you.", "grammar": { "*wəhannōśēʾ*": "conjunction + definite article + qal participle masculine singular, 'and the one carrying/bearing'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*nibəlātām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'their carcass'", "*yəḵabbēs*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'he shall wash'", "*bəgādāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'his clothes/garments'", "*wəṭāmēʾ*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular, 'and unclean'", "*ʿad-hāʿāreb*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'until the evening'", "*ṭəmēʾîm*": "adjective masculine plural, 'unclean'", "*hēmmâ*": "3rd masculine plural pronoun (emphatic form), 'they'", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix, 'to/for you'" }, "variants": { "*nōśēʾ*": "one carrying, one bearing, one who lifts", "*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse", "*yəḵabbēs*": "wash, cleanse, launder", "*bəgādîm*": "clothes, garments, vestments", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean, impure, defiled", "*ṭəmēʾîm*": "unclean, impure, defiled (plural)" } } 29 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.29", "source": "וְזֶ֤ה לָכֶם֙ הַטָּמֵ֔א בַּשֶּׁ֖רֶץ הַשֹּׁרֵ֣ץ עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ הַחֹ֥לֶד וְהָעַכְבָּ֖ר וְהַצָּ֥ב לְמִינֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "And this to you the *ṭāmēʾ* among the *šereṣ* *haššōrēṣ* upon the *ʾāreṣ*: the *ḥōled* and the *ʿaḵbār* and the *ṣāb* to its *mîn*.", "grammar": { "*wəzeh*": "conjunction + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular, 'and this'", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix, 'to/for you'", "*haṭṭāmēʾ*": "definite article + adjective masculine singular, 'the unclean'", "*baššereṣ*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'among the swarming thing'", "*haššōrēṣ*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular, 'the swarming/teaming'", "*ʿal-hāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun, 'upon the earth/ground'", "*haḥōled*": "definite article + masculine singular noun, 'the mole/weasel'", "*wəhāʿaḵbār*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'and the mouse'", "*wəhaṣṣāb*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'and the lizard/tortoise'", "*ləmînēhû*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'according to its kind'" }, "variants": { "*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean, impure, defiled", "*šereṣ*": "swarming thing, creeping thing, small moving creature", "*šōrēṣ*": "swarming, teaming, moving in large numbers", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth, ground, land", "*ḥōled*": "mole, weasel, rat (uncertain identification)", "*ʿaḵbār*": "mouse, rat", "*ṣāb*": "lizard, tortoise (uncertain identification)", "*mîn*": "kind, species, category" } } 30 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.30", "source": "וְהָאֲנָקָ֥ה וְהַכֹּ֖חַ וְהַלְּטָאָ֑ה וְהַחֹ֖מֶט וְהַתִּנְשָֽׁמֶת׃", "text": "And the *ʾănāqâ* and the *kōaḥ* and the *ləṭāʾâ* and the *ḥōmeṭ* and the *tinšāmet*.", "grammar": { "*wəhāʾănāqâ*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun, 'and the gecko/ferret'", "*wəhakkōaḥ*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'and the monitor lizard/chameleon'", "*wəhalləṭāʾâ*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun, 'and the lizard'", "*wəhaḥōmeṭ*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'and the sand lizard/snail'", "*wəhattinšāmet*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun, 'and the chameleon/mole'" }, "variants": { "*ʾănāqâ*": "gecko, ferret, shrew (uncertain identification)", "*kōaḥ*": "monitor lizard, chameleon, type of lizard (uncertain identification)", "*ləṭāʾâ*": "lizard, type of reptile", "*ḥōmeṭ*": "sand lizard, snail, type of reptile (uncertain identification)", "*tinšāmet*": "chameleon, mole, type of reptile (uncertain identification)" } } 31 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.31", "source": "אֵ֛לֶּה הַטְּמֵאִ֥ים לָכֶ֖ם בְּכָל־הַשָּׁ֑רֶץ כָּל־הַנֹּגֵ֧עַ בָּהֶ֛ם בְּמֹתָ֖ם יִטְמָ֥א עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃", "text": "*ʾēlleh* the *ṭəmēʾîm* to you among all the *šāreṣ*; all *hannōgēaʿ* with them in their *môt* shall *yiṭmāʾ* until the *ʿāreb*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun plural, 'these'", "*haṭṭəmēʾîm*": "definite article + adjective masculine plural, 'the unclean ones'", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix, 'to/for you'", "*bəḵol*": "preposition + noun in construct, 'among all'", "*haššāreṣ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun, 'the swarming thing'", "*kol*": "noun in construct, 'all/every'", "*hannōgēaʿ*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular, 'the one touching'", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'with them'", "*bəmōtām*": "preposition + infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'in their death/when they are dead'", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'he shall be unclean'", "*ʿad-hāʿāreb*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'until the evening'" }, "variants": { "*ṭəmēʾîm*": "unclean, impure, defiled (plural)", "*šāreṣ*": "swarming thing, creeping thing, small moving creature", "*nōgēaʿ*": "one touching, one who comes in contact with", "*môt*": "death, dying, deadness", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "be unclean, be impure, be defiled", "*ʿāreb*": "evening, sunset" } } 32 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.32", "source": "וְכֹ֣ל אֲשֶׁר־יִפֹּל־עָלָיו֩ מֵהֶ֨ם ׀ בְּמֹתָ֜ם יִטְמָ֗א מִכָּל־כְּלִי־עֵץ֙ א֣וֹ בֶ֤גֶד אוֹ־עוֹר֙ א֣וֹ שָׂ֔ק כָּל־כְּלִ֕י אֲשֶׁר־יֵעָשֶׂ֥ה מְלָאכָ֖ה בָּהֶ֑ם בַּמַּ֧יִם יוּבָ֛א וְטָמֵ֥א עַד־הָעֶ֖רֶב וְטָהֵֽר׃", "text": "And all upon which *yippōl* any of them in their *môt* shall *yiṭmāʾ*, from all *kəlî* of *ʿēṣ* or *beged* or *ʿôr* or *śāq*, any *kəlî* in which *yēʿāśeh* *məlāʾḵâ*; in the *mayim* it shall *yûbāʾ* and be *ṭāmēʾ* until the *ʿāreb* and then *ṭāhēr*.", "grammar": { "*wəḵōl*": "conjunction + noun in construct, 'and all/every'", "*ʾăšer-yippōl-ʿālāyw*": "relative pronoun + qal imperfect 3ms + preposition with 3ms suffix, 'upon which falls'", "*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'from them'", "*bəmōtām*": "preposition + infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'in their death/when they are dead'", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it shall be unclean'", "*mikkol*": "preposition + noun in construct, 'from all'", "*kəlî-ʿēṣ*": "masculine singular noun in construct + masculine singular noun, 'vessel of wood'", "*ʾô*": "conjunction, 'or'", "*beged*": "masculine singular noun, 'garment/cloth'", "*ʿôr*": "masculine singular noun, 'skin/leather'", "*śāq*": "masculine singular noun, 'sackcloth'", "*kol-kəlî*": "noun in construct + masculine singular noun, 'every vessel'", "*ʾăšer-yēʿāśeh*": "relative pronoun + niphal imperfect 3ms, 'which is done/performed'", "*məlāʾḵâ*": "feminine singular noun, 'work/labor'", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'with them'", "*bammayim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun, 'in the water'", "*yûbāʾ*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it shall be brought/put'", "*wəṭāmēʾ*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular, 'and unclean'", "*ʿad-hāʿereb*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'until the evening'", "*wəṭāhēr*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'and it shall be clean'" }, "variants": { "*yippōl*": "fall, drop, come upon", "*môt*": "death, dying, deadness", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "be unclean, be impure, be defiled", "*kəlî*": "vessel, utensil, article, object", "*ʿēṣ*": "wood, tree, timber", "*beged*": "garment, clothing, cloth", "*ʿôr*": "skin, hide, leather", "*śāq*": "sackcloth, sack, coarse cloth", "*yēʿāśeh*": "is done, is performed, is used", "*məlāʾḵâ*": "work, business, occupation, craftsmanship", "*mayim*": "water, waters, liquid", "*yûbāʾ*": "be brought, be put, be placed", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean, impure, defiled", "*ṭāhēr*": "be clean, be pure, be cleansed" } } 33 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.33", "source": "וְכָל־כְּלִי־חֶ֔רֶשׂ אֲשֶׁר־יִפֹּ֥ל מֵהֶ֖ם אֶל־תּוֹכ֑וֹ כֹּ֣ל אֲשֶׁ֧ר בְּתוֹכ֛וֹ יִטְמָ֖א וְאֹת֥וֹ תִשְׁבֹּֽרוּ׃", "text": "And any *kəlî* of *ḥereś* into which *yippōl* any of them into its *tôḵ*, all which is in its *tôḵ* shall *yiṭmāʾ*, and *ʾōtô* you shall *tišbōrû*.", "grammar": { "*wəḵol*": "conjunction + noun in construct, 'and every/all'", "*kəlî-ḥereś*": "masculine singular noun in construct + masculine singular noun, 'vessel of earthenware'", "*ʾăšer-yippōl*": "relative pronoun + qal imperfect 3ms, 'into which falls'", "*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'from them'", "*ʾel-tôḵô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3ms suffix, 'into its midst/inside'", "*kōl*": "noun in construct, 'all/every'", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun, 'which'", "*bətôḵô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3ms suffix, 'in its midst/inside'", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it shall be unclean'", "*wəʾōtô*": "conjunction + direct object marker + 3ms suffix, 'and it'", "*tišbōrû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural, 'you shall break'" }, "variants": { "*kəlî*": "vessel, utensil, article, object", "*ḥereś*": "earthenware, pottery, clay", "*yippōl*": "fall, drop, come upon", "*tôḵ*": "middle, midst, inside", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "be unclean, be impure, be defiled", "*tišbōrû*": "break, shatter, smash" } } 34 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.34", "source": "מִכָּל־הָאֹ֜כֶל אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֵאָכֵ֗ל אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָב֥וֹא עָלָ֛יו מַ֖יִם יִטְמָ֑א וְכָל־מַשְׁקֶה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִשָּׁתֶ֔ה בְּכָל־כְּלִ֖י יִטְמָֽא׃", "text": "From all the *ʾōḵel* which *yēʾāḵēl*, upon which *yābôʾ* *mayim*, it shall *yiṭmāʾ*; and all *mašqeh* which *yiššāteh* in any *kəlî* shall *yiṭmāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*mikkol*": "preposition + noun in construct, 'from all'", "*hāʾōḵel*": "definite article + masculine singular noun, 'the food'", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun, 'which'", "*yēʾāḵēl*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'is eaten'", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun, 'which'", "*yābôʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'comes/enters'", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'upon it'", "*mayim*": "masculine plural noun, 'water'", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it shall be unclean'", "*wəḵol*": "conjunction + noun in construct, 'and all'", "*mašqeh*": "masculine singular noun, 'drink/beverage'", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun, 'which'", "*yiššāteh*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'is drunk'", "*bəḵol*": "preposition + noun in construct, 'in any'", "*kəlî*": "masculine singular noun, 'vessel'", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it shall be unclean'" }, "variants": { "*ʾōḵel*": "food, nourishment, meal", "*yēʾāḵēl*": "is eaten, can be eaten, may be eaten", "*yābôʾ*": "comes, enters, arrives", "*mayim*": "water, waters, liquid", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "be unclean, be impure, be defiled", "*mašqeh*": "drink, beverage, liquid", "*yiššāteh*": "is drunk, can be drunk, may be drunk", "*kəlî*": "vessel, utensil, article, object" } } 35 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.35", "source": "וְ֠כֹל אֲשֶׁר־יִפֹּ֨ל מִנִּבְלָתָ֥ם ׀ עָלָיו֮ יִטְמָא֒ תַּנּ֧וּר וְכִירַ֛יִם יֻתָּ֖ץ טְמֵאִ֣ים הֵ֑ם וּטְמֵאִ֖ים יִהְי֥וּ לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "And all upon which *yippōl* from their *nəbēlâ* shall *yiṭmāʾ*; *tannûr* and *kîrayim* shall *yuttāṣ*, *ṭəmēʾîm* they are, and *ṭəmēʾîm* they shall *yihyû* to you.", "grammar": { "*wəḵōl*": "conjunction + noun in construct, 'and all/every'", "*ʾăšer-yippōl*": "relative pronoun + qal imperfect 3ms, 'upon which falls'", "*minnibəlātām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'from their carcass'", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'upon it'", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it shall be unclean'", "*tannûr*": "masculine singular noun, 'oven'", "*wəḵîrayim*": "conjunction + feminine dual noun, 'and cooking stove'", "*yuttāṣ*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it shall be broken down'", "*ṭəmēʾîm*": "adjective masculine plural, 'unclean'", "*hēm*": "3rd masculine plural pronoun, 'they'", "*ûṭəmēʾîm*": "conjunction + adjective masculine plural, 'and unclean'", "*yihyû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, 'they shall be'", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix, 'to/for you'" }, "variants": { "*yippōl*": "fall, drop, come upon", "*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "be unclean, be impure, be defiled", "*tannûr*": "oven, furnace, fire-pot", "*kîrayim*": "stove, cooking range, hearth (dual form)", "*yuttāṣ*": "be pulled down, be torn down, be destroyed", "*ṭəmēʾîm*": "unclean, impure, defiled (plural)", "*yihyû*": "will be, shall be, become" } } 36 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.36", "source": "אַ֣ךְ מַעְיָ֥ן וּב֛וֹר מִקְוֵה־מַ֖יִם יִהְיֶ֣ה טָה֑וֹר וְנֹגֵ֥עַ בְּנִבְלָתָ֖ם יִטְמָֽא׃", "text": "Surely *maʿyān* and *bôr* of *miqwēh*-*mayim* shall *yihyeh* *ṭāhôr*; but *nōgēaʿ* with their *nəbēlâ* shall *yiṭmāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾaḵ*": "adverb, 'surely/only/nevertheless'", "*maʿyān*": "masculine singular noun, 'spring/fountain'", "*ûbôr*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun, 'and cistern/pit'", "*miqwēh-mayim*": "masculine singular construct + masculine plural noun, 'gathering of water'", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it shall be'", "*ṭāhôr*": "adjective masculine singular, 'clean/pure'", "*wənōgēaʿ*": "conjunction + qal participle masculine singular, 'but one touching'", "*bənibəlātām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'with their carcass'", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'he shall be unclean'" }, "variants": { "*maʿyān*": "spring, fountain, source of water", "*bôr*": "cistern, pit, well", "*miqwēh*": "collection, gathering, reservoir", "*mayim*": "water, waters, liquid", "*yihyeh*": "will be, shall be, become", "*ṭāhôr*": "clean, pure, undefiled", "*nōgēaʿ*": "one touching, one who comes in contact with", "*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "be unclean, be impure, be defiled" } } 37 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.37", "source": "וְכִ֤י יִפֹּל֙ מִנִּבְלָתָ֔ם עַל־כָּל־זֶ֥רַע זֵר֖וּעַ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִזָּרֵ֑עַ טָה֖וֹר הֽוּא׃", "text": "And if *yippōl* from their *nəbēlâ* upon any *zeraʿ* *zērûaʿ* which *yizzārēaʿ*, *ṭāhôr* *hûʾ*.", "grammar": { "*wəḵî*": "conjunction + particle, 'and if'", "*yippōl*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'it falls'", "*minnibəlātām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'from their carcass'", "*ʿal-kol*": "preposition + noun in construct, 'upon any'", "*zeraʿ*": "masculine singular noun, 'seed'", "*zērûaʿ*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular, 'sown'", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun, 'which'", "*yizzārēaʿ*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'is sown'", "*ṭāhôr*": "adjective masculine singular, 'clean'", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun, 'it'" }, "variants": { "*yippōl*": "fall, drop, come upon", "*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse", "*zeraʿ*": "seed, sowing, offspring", "*zērûaʿ*": "sown, planted", "*yizzārēaʿ*": "is sown, is planted, is scattered (as seed)", "*ṭāhôr*": "clean, pure, undefiled" } } 38 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.38", "source": "וְכִ֤י יֻתַּן־מַ֙יִם֙ עַל־זֶ֔רַע וְנָפַ֥ל מִנִּבְלָתָ֖ם עָלָ֑יו טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם׃ ס", "text": "And if *yuttan*-*mayim* upon *zeraʿ* and *nāpal* from their *nəbēlâ* upon it, *ṭāmēʾ* *hûʾ* to you.", "grammar": { "*wəḵî*": "conjunction + particle, 'and if'", "*yuttan-mayim*": "qal imperfect passive, 3rd masculine singular + masculine plural noun, 'water is put'", "*ʿal-zeraʿ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun, 'upon seed'", "*wənāpal*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'and falls'", "*minnibəlātām*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix, 'from their carcass'", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'upon it'", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "adjective masculine singular, 'unclean'", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun, 'it'", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix, 'to/for you'" }, "variants": { "*yuttan*": "is given, is put, is placed", "*mayim*": "water, waters, liquid", "*zeraʿ*": "seed, sowing, offspring", "*nāpal*": "fell, dropped, came upon", "*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean, impure, defiled" } } 39 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.39", "source": "וְכִ֤י יָמוּת֙ מִן־הַבְּהֵמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־הִ֥יא לָכֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָ֑ה הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בְּנִבְלָתָ֖הּ יִטְמָ֥א עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃", "text": "And if *yāmût* any of the *bəhēmâ* which *hîʾ* to you for *ʾoḵlâ*, *hannōgēaʿ* with its *nəbēlâ* shall *yiṭmāʾ* until the *ʿāreb*.", "grammar": { "*wəḵî*": "conjunction + particle, 'and if'", "*yāmût*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'dies'", "*min-habbəhēmâ*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun, 'from the animal'", "*ʾăšer-hîʾ*": "relative pronoun + 3rd feminine singular pronoun, 'which it (is)'", "*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix, 'to/for you'", "*ləʾoḵlâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun, 'for food'", "*hannōgēaʿ*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular, 'the one touching'", "*bənibəlātāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix, 'with its carcass'", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'he shall be unclean'", "*ʿad-hāʿāreb*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'until the evening'" }, "variants": { "*yāmût*": "dies, expires, perishes", "*bəhēmâ*": "animal, beast, cattle, livestock", "*ʾoḵlâ*": "food, eating, consumption", "*nōgēaʿ*": "one touching, one who comes in contact with", "*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse", "*yiṭmāʾ*": "be unclean, be impure, be defiled", "*ʿāreb*": "evening, sunset" } } 40 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.40", "source": "וְהָֽאֹכֵל֙ מִנִּבְלָתָ֔הּ יְכַבֵּ֥ס בְּגָדָ֖יו וְטָמֵ֣א עַד־הָעָ֑רֶב וְהַנֹּשֵׂא֙ אֶת־נִבְלָתָ֔הּ יְכַבֵּ֥ס בְּגָדָ֖יו וְטָמֵ֥א עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃", "text": "And *hāʾōḵēl* from its *nəbēlâ* shall *yəḵabbēs* his *bəgādîm* and be *ṭāmēʾ* until the *ʿāreb*; and *hannōśēʾ* *ʾēt-nibəlātāh* shall *yəḵabbēs* his *bəgādîm* and be *ṭāmēʾ* until the *ʿāreb*.", "grammar": { "*wəhāʾōḵēl*": "conjunction + definite article + qal participle masculine singular, 'and the one eating'", "*minnibəlātāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix, 'from its carcass'", "*yəḵabbēs*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'he shall wash'", "*bəgādāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'his clothes/garments'", "*wəṭāmēʾ*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular, 'and unclean'", "*ʿad-hāʿāreb*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'until the evening'", "*wəhannōśēʾ*": "conjunction + definite article + qal participle masculine singular, 'and the one carrying'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*nibəlātāh*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix, 'its carcass'", "*yəḵabbēs*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, 'he shall wash'", "*bəgādāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix, 'his clothes/garments'", "*wəṭāmēʾ*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular, 'and unclean'", "*ʿad-hāʿāreb*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun, 'until the evening'" }, "variants": { "*ʾōḵēl*": "one eating, one who consumes", "*nəbēlâ*": "carcass, dead body, corpse", "*yəḵabbēs*": "wash, cleanse, launder", "*bəgādîm*": "clothes, garments, vestments", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean, impure, defiled", "*ʿāreb*": "evening, sunset", "*nōśēʾ*": "one carrying, one bearing, one who lifts" } } 41 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.41", "source": "וְכָל־הַשֶּׁ֖רֶץ הַשֹּׁרֵ֣ץ עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ שֶׁ֥קֶץ ה֖וּא לֹ֥א יֵאָכֵֽל׃", "text": "*wə-kol*-the-*šereṣ* the-*šōrēṣ* upon-the-*ʾāreṣ* *šeqeṣ* *hûʾ* not *yēʾākēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-kol*": "conjunction + noun construct - and-all-of", "*šereṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - swarming creature/creeping thing", "*šōrēṣ*": "participle, Qal, masculine, singular - swarming/creeping", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - earth/ground/land", "*šeqeṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - detestable thing/abomination", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, singular - it/he", "*yēʾākēl*": "verb, Niphal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - will be eaten" }, "variants": { "*šereṣ*": "swarming creature/creeping thing/small reptile", "*šōrēṣ*": "swarming/moving/creeping/teaming", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/ground/land/soil", "*šeqeṣ*": "detestable thing/abomination/unclean thing", "*yēʾākēl*": "will be eaten/shall be eaten/can be eaten" } } 42 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.42", "source": "כֹּל֩ הוֹלֵ֨ךְ עַל־גָּח֜וֹן וְכֹ֣ל ׀ הוֹלֵ֣ךְ עַל־אַרְבַּ֗ע עַ֚ד כָּל־מַרְבֵּ֣ה רַגְלַ֔יִם לְכָל־הַשֶּׁ֖רֶץ הַשֹּׁרֵ֣ץ עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ לֹ֥א תֹאכְל֖וּם כִּי־שֶׁ֥קֶץ הֵֽם׃", "text": "*kōl* *hôlēk* upon-*gāḥôn* *wə-kōl* *hôlēk* upon-*ʾarbaʿ* until *kol*-*marbēh* *raglayim* to-*kol*-the-*šereṣ* the-*šōrēṣ* upon-the-*ʾāreṣ* not *tōʾklûm* *kî*-*šeqeṣ* *hēm*", "grammar": { "*kōl*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - all/every", "*hôlēk*": "participle, Qal, masculine, singular - going/walking", "*gāḥôn*": "noun, masculine, singular - belly/underside", "*wə-kōl*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular, construct - and-all/every", "*ʾarbaʿ*": "noun, feminine - four", "*marbēh*": "Hiphil participle, masculine, singular - multiplying/increasing", "*raglayim*": "noun, feminine, dual - feet/legs", "*šereṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - swarming creature/creeping thing", "*šōrēṣ*": "participle, Qal, masculine, singular - swarming/creeping", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - earth/ground/land", "*tōʾklûm*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural + 3rd person, masculine, plural suffix - you shall eat them", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*šeqeṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - detestable thing/abomination", "*hēm*": "pronoun, 3rd person, masculine, plural - they" }, "variants": { "*hôlēk*": "going/walking/moving", "*gāḥôn*": "belly/underside", "*ʾarbaʿ*": "four/four legs", "*marbēh*": "multiplying/increasing/having many", "*raglayim*": "feet/legs", "*šereṣ*": "swarming creature/creeping thing/small reptile", "*šōrēṣ*": "swarming/moving/creeping/teaming", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/ground/land/soil", "*šeqeṣ*": "detestable thing/abomination/unclean thing" } } 43 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.43", "source": "אַל־תְּשַׁקְּצוּ֙ אֶת־נַפְשֹׁ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם בְּכָל־הַשֶּׁ֖רֶץ הַשֹּׁרֵ֑ץ וְלֹ֤א תִֽטַּמְּאוּ֙ בָּהֶ֔ם וְנִטְמֵתֶ֖ם בָּֽם׃", "text": "*ʾal*-*təšaqqəṣû* *ʾet*-*napšōtêkem* in-*kol*-the-*šereṣ* the-*šōrēṣ* *wə-lōʾ* *tiṭṭammə'û* in-them *wə-niṭmētem* in-them", "grammar": { "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*təšaqqəṣû*": "verb, Piel, imperfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural - make detestable/abominate/defile", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*napšōtêkem*": "noun, feminine, plural construct + 2nd person, masculine, plural suffix - your souls/yourselves", "*kol*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - all/every", "*šereṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - swarming creature/creeping thing", "*šōrēṣ*": "participle, Qal, masculine, singular - swarming/creeping", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and-not", "*tiṭṭammə'û*": "verb, Hithpael, imperfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural - make yourselves unclean", "*wə-niṭmētem*": "conjunction + verb, Niphal, perfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural - and you will be made unclean" }, "variants": { "*təšaqqəṣû*": "make detestable/abominate/defile/pollute", "*napšōtêkem*": "your souls/yourselves/your beings", "*šereṣ*": "swarming creature/creeping thing/small reptile", "*šōrēṣ*": "swarming/moving/creeping/teaming", "*tiṭṭammə'û*": "make yourselves unclean/defile yourselves", "*niṭmētem*": "you will be made unclean/you will become defiled" } } 44 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.44", "source": "כִּ֣י אֲנִ֣י יְהוָה֮ אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם֒ וְהִתְקַדִּשְׁתֶּם֙ וִהְיִיתֶ֣ם קְדֹשִׁ֔ים כִּ֥י קָד֖וֹשׁ אָ֑נִי וְלֹ֤א תְטַמְּאוּ֙ אֶת־נַפְשֹׁ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם בְּכָל־הַשֶּׁ֖רֶץ הָרֹמֵ֥שׂ עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*kî* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* *wə-hitqaddištem* *wihyîtem* *qədōšîm* *kî* *qādôš* *ʾānî* *wə-lōʾ* *təṭammə'û* *ʾet*-*napšōtêkem* in-*kol*-the-*šereṣ* the-*rōmēś* upon-the-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine, plural construct + 2nd person, masculine, plural suffix - your God", "*wə-hitqaddištem*": "conjunction + verb, Hithpael, perfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural - and sanctify yourselves", "*wihyîtem*": "conjunction + verb, Qal, perfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural - and you will be", "*qədōšîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - holy/set apart", "*qādôš*": "adjective, masculine, singular - holy/set apart", "*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and-not", "*təṭammə'û*": "verb, Piel, imperfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural - defile/make unclean", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*napšōtêkem*": "noun, feminine, plural construct + 2nd person, masculine, plural suffix - your souls/yourselves", "*kol*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - all/every", "*šereṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - swarming creature/creeping thing", "*rōmēś*": "participle, Qal, masculine, singular - creeping/crawling", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - earth/ground/land" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "your God/your gods", "*hitqaddištem*": "sanctify yourselves/consecrate yourselves/make yourselves holy", "*qədōšîm*": "holy/set apart/consecrated", "*qādôš*": "holy/set apart/consecrated", "*təṭammə'û*": "defile/make unclean/pollute", "*napšōtêkem*": "your souls/yourselves/your beings", "*šereṣ*": "swarming creature/creeping thing/small reptile", "*rōmēś*": "creeping/crawling/moving", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/ground/land/soil" } } 45 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.45", "source": "כִּ֣י ׀ אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֗ה הַֽמַּעֲלֶ֤ה אֶתְכֶם֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם לִהְיֹ֥ת לָכֶ֖ם לֵאלֹהִ֑ים וִהְיִיתֶ֣ם קְדֹשִׁ֔ים כִּ֥י קָד֖וֹשׁ אָֽנִי׃", "text": "*kî* *ʾănî* *YHWH* the-*maʿăleh* *ʾetkem* from-*ʾereṣ* *miṣrayim* to-*lihyôt* to-you to-*ʾĕlōhîm* *wihyîtem* *qədōšîm* *kî* *qādôš* *ʾānî*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*maʿăleh*": "Hiphil participle, masculine, singular - bringing up/causing to go up", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd person, masculine, plural suffix - you", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*lihyôt*": "preposition + verb, Qal, infinitive construct - to be", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - God/gods", "*wihyîtem*": "conjunction + verb, Qal, perfect, 2nd person, masculine, plural - and you will be", "*qədōšîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural - holy/set apart", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*qādôš*": "adjective, masculine, singular - holy/set apart", "*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st person, singular - I" }, "variants": { "*maʿăleh*": "bringing up/causing to go up/leading out", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/country/earth", "*miṣrayim*": "Egypt/Egyptians", "*lihyôt*": "to be/to become/to exist", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*qədōšîm*": "holy/set apart/consecrated", "*qādôš*": "holy/set apart/consecrated" } } 46 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.46", "source": "זֹ֣את תּוֹרַ֤ת הַבְּהֵמָה֙ וְהָע֔וֹף וְכֹל֙ נֶ֣פֶשׁ הַֽחַיָּ֔ה הָרֹמֶ֖שֶׂת בַּמָּ֑יִם וּלְכָל־נֶ֖פֶשׁ הַשֹּׁרֶ֥צֶת עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*zōʾt* *tôrat* the-*bəhēmāh* *wə-hā'ôp* *wə-kōl* *nepeš* the-*ḥayyāh* the-*rōmeśet* in-the-*māyim* *û-lə-kol*-*nepeš* the-*šōreṣet* upon-the-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine, singular - this", "*tôrat*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - law/instruction of", "*bəhēmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - beast/cattle/animal", "*wə-hā'ôp*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine, singular - and-the-bird/fowl", "*wə-kōl*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular, construct - and-all/every", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - soul/being of", "*ḥayyāh*": "adjective, feminine, singular - living", "*rōmeśet*": "participle, Qal, feminine, singular - creeping/moving", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine, plural - waters", "*û-lə-kol*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine, singular, construct - and-for-all/every", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine, singular, construct - soul/being of", "*šōreṣet*": "participle, Qal, feminine, singular - swarming/creeping", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - earth/ground/land" }, "variants": { "*tôrat*": "law/instruction/teaching/direction", "*bəhēmāh*": "beast/cattle/animal/livestock", "*hā'ôp*": "bird/fowl/flying creatures", "*nepeš*": "soul/being/creature/life", "*ḥayyāh*": "living/alive/life", "*rōmeśet*": "creeping/moving/crawling", "*māyim*": "waters/water", "*šōreṣet*": "swarming/creeping/teaming", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/ground/land/soil" } } 47 { "verseID": "Leviticus.11.47", "source": "לְהַבְדִּ֕יל בֵּ֥ין הַטָּמֵ֖א וּבֵ֣ין הַטָּהֹ֑ר וּבֵ֤ין הַֽחַיָּה֙ הַֽנֶּאֱכֶ֔לֶת וּבֵין֙ הַֽחַיָּ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר לֹ֥א תֵאָכֵֽל׃ פ", "text": "to-*haḇdîl* between the-*ṭāmēʾ* *û-ḇên* the-*ṭāhōr* *û-ḇên* the-*ḥayyāh* the-*neʾĕkelet* *û-ḇên* the-*ḥayyāh* *ʾăšer* not *tēʾākēl*", "grammar": { "*haḇdîl*": "Hiphil, infinitive construct - to separate/distinguish", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "adjective, masculine, singular - unclean/impure", "*û-ḇên*": "conjunction + preposition - and-between", "*ṭāhōr*": "adjective, masculine, singular - clean/pure", "*ḥayyāh*": "adjective, feminine, singular - living", "*neʾĕkelet*": "Niphal, participle, feminine, singular - being eaten/edible", "*ḥayyāh*": "adjective, feminine, singular - living", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*tēʾākēl*": "verb, Niphal, imperfect, 3rd person, feminine, singular - will be eaten" }, "variants": { "*haḇdîl*": "to separate/distinguish/divide/make distinction", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean/impure/defiled", "*ṭāhōr*": "clean/pure/undefiled", "*ḥayyāh*": "living creature/animal/beast", "*neʾĕkelet*": "being eaten/edible/may be eaten", "*tēʾākēl*": "will be eaten/should be eaten/can be eaten" } }
  • Gen 7:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Genesis.7.2", "source": "מִכֹּ֣ל ׀ הַבְּהֵמָ֣ה הַטְּהוֹרָ֗ה תִּֽקַּח־לְךָ֛ שִׁבְעָ֥ה שִׁבְעָ֖ה אִ֣ישׁ וְאִשְׁתּ֑וֹ וּמִן־הַבְּהֵמָ֡ה אֲ֠שֶׁר לֹ֣א טְהֹרָ֥ה הִ֛וא שְׁנַ֖יִם אִ֥ישׁ וְאִשְׁתּֽוֹ׃", "text": "From-all the-*bəhēmâ* the-*ṭəhôrâ* *tiqqaḥ*-to-you seven seven *ʾîš wə-ʾištô* and-from-the-*bəhēmâ* which not *ṭəhôrâ* it two *ʾîš wə-ʾištô*", "grammar": { "*bəhēmâ*": "feminine noun - animal/beast/cattle", "*ṭəhôrâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - clean/pure", "*tiqqaḥ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall take", "*ʾîš wə-ʾištô*": "noun pair meaning 'male and female' or literally 'man and his wife'", "seven seven": "Hebrew repetition indicating 'seven pairs'" }, "variants": { "*bəhēmâ*": "animal/livestock/cattle/beast", "*ṭəhôrâ*": "clean/pure/ritually acceptable", "*ʾîš wə-ʾištô*": "male and female/man and his woman/a pair" } }
  • Gen 4:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Genesis.4.4", "source": "וְהֶ֨בֶל הֵבִ֥יא גַם־ה֛וּא מִבְּכֹר֥וֹת צֹאנ֖וֹ וּמֵֽחֶלְבֵהֶ֑ן וַיִּ֣שַׁע יְהוָ֔ה אֶל־הֶ֖בֶל וְאֶל־מִנְחָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "And-*Hebel* *hebiʾ* also-he from-*bekorot* *tsoʾno* and-from-*ḥelbeHen* and-*yishaʿ* *YHWH* to-*Hebel* and-to-*minḥato*", "grammar": { "*Hebel*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abel", "*hebiʾ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - brought", "*gam*-*huʾ*": "adverb + 3rd masculine singular pronoun - also he/likewise", "*bekorot*": "noun, feminine plural construct - firstlings/firstborn of", "*tsoʾno*": "noun, collective + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his flock", "*ḥelbeHen*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd feminine plural suffix - their fat portions", "*yishaʿ*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - looked with favor/regarded", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*minḥato*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his offering" }, "variants": { "*bekorot*": "firstborn/choicest/best", "*ḥelb*": "fat/best part/richest portion", "*yishaʿ*": "regarded with favor/looked upon/accepted" } }
  • Rom 12:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Romans.12.1", "source": "¶Παρακαλῶ οὖν ὑμᾶς, ἀδελφοί, διὰ τῶν οἰκτιρμῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ, παραστῆσαι τὰ σώματα ὑμῶν θυσίαν ζῶσαν, ἁγίαν, εὐάρεστον τῷ Θεῷ, τὴν λογικὴν λατρείαν ὑμῶν.", "text": "I *parakalō* therefore you, *adelphoi*, through the *oiktirmōn* of the *Theos*, to *parastēsai* the *sōmata* of you *thysian* *zōsan*, *hagian*, *euareston* to the *Theō*, the *logikēn latreia* of you.", "grammar": { "*parakalō*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I urge/beseech/exhort", "*adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers/brethren", "*oiktirmōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of mercies/compassions", "*Theos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*parastēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to present/offer", "*sōmata*": "accusative, neuter, plural - bodies", "*thysian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sacrifice", "*zōsan*": "accusative, feminine, singular, present participle - living", "*hagian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - holy", "*euareston*": "accusative, feminine, singular - well-pleasing/acceptable", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to God", "*logikēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - reasonable/rational/spiritual", "*latreia*": "accusative, feminine, singular - service/worship" }, "variants": { "*parakalō*": "urge/exhort/beseech/encourage/comfort", "*oiktirmōn*": "mercies/compassions/tender mercies", "*parastēsai*": "present/offer/yield/provide", "*logikēn*": "reasonable/rational/spiritual/of the word", "*latreia*": "service/worship/ministry/divine service" } }
  • Heb 13:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Hebrews.13.10", "source": "Ἔχομεν θυσιαστήριον, ἐξ οὗ φαγεῖν οὐκ ἔχουσιν ἐξουσίαν οἱ τῇ σκηνῇ λατρεύοντες.", "text": "We *echomen* *thysiastērion*, out of which to *phagein* *ouk* *echousin* *exousian* the ones to the *skēnē* *latreuontes*.", "grammar": { "*echomen*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person, plural - we have", "*thysiastērion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - altar", "*phagein*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to eat", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*echousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person, plural - they have", "*exousian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - authority/right", "*skēnē*": "dative, feminine, singular - tabernacle/tent", "*latreuontes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - serving/worshiping" }, "variants": { "*thysiastērion*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*phagein*": "to eat/consume", "*exousian*": "authority/right/permission/power", "*skēnē*": "tabernacle/tent/sanctuary", "*latreuontes*": "serving/worshiping/ministering/performing sacred service" } }
  • Heb 13:15-16 : 15 { "verseID": "Hebrews.13.15", "source": "Διʼ αὐτοῦ οὖν ἀναφέρωμεν θυσίαν αἰνέσεως διὰ παντὸς τῷ Θεῷ, τοῦτʼ ἔστιν, καρπὸν χειλέων ὁμολογούντων τῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ.", "text": "Through him *oun* let us *anapherōmen* *thysian* *aineseōs* *dia* all to the *Theō*, this *estin*, *karpon* *cheileōn* *homologountōn* to the *onomati* of him.", "grammar": { "*oun*": "postpositive conjunction - therefore/then", "*anapherōmen*": "present, active, subjunctive, 1st person, plural - let us offer up", "*thysian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sacrifice", "*aineseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of praise", "*dia*": "preposition + genitive - through", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to God", "*estin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - is", "*karpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - fruit", "*cheileōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of lips", "*homologountōn*": "present, active, participle, genitive, neuter, plural - confessing/acknowledging", "*onomati*": "dative, neuter, singular - name" }, "variants": { "*anapherōmen*": "let us offer up/bring up/carry up", "*thysian*": "sacrifice/offering", "*aineseōs*": "of praise/commendation/thanksgiving", "*karpon*": "fruit/produce/result", "*cheileōn*": "of lips/speech", "*homologountōn*": "confessing/acknowledging/professing" } } 16 { "verseID": "Hebrews.13.16", "source": "Τῆς δὲ εὐποιΐας καὶ κοινωνίας μὴ ἐπιλανθάνεσθε: τοιαύταις γὰρ θυσίαις εὐαρεστεῖται ὁ Θεός.", "text": "The *de* *eupoiias* *kai* *koinōnias* *mē* *epilanthanesthe*: with such *gar* *thysiais* is *euaresteitai* the *Theos*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*eupoiias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - doing good/well-doing", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*koinōnias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - sharing/fellowship", "*mē*": "negative particle with imperative - not", "*epilanthanesthe*": "imperative, present, middle/passive, 2nd person, plural - do not forget/neglect", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*thysiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - sacrifices", "*euaresteitai*": "present, passive, indicative, 3rd person, singular - is well pleased", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God" }, "variants": { "*eupoiias*": "doing good/well-doing/benevolence/good deeds", "*koinōnias*": "sharing/fellowship/participation/contribution", "*epilanthanesthe*": "forget/be forgetful/neglect", "*thysiais*": "sacrifices/offerings", "*euaresteitai*": "is well pleased/is satisfied/finds acceptable" } }
  • 1 Pet 2:5 : 5 { "verseID": "1 Peter.2.5", "source": "Καὶ αὐτοὶ, ὡς λίθοι ζῶντες, οἰκοδομεῖσθε οἶκος πνευματικὸς, ἱεράτευμα ἅγιον, ἀνενέγκαι πνευματικὰς θυσίας, εὐπροσδέκτους τῷ Θεῷ διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ.", "text": "And *autoi*, as *lithoi zōntes*, *oikodomeisthe oikos pneumatikos*, *hierateuma hagion*, *anenegkai pneumatikas thysias*, *euprosdektous tō Theō dia Iēsou Christou*.", "grammar": { "*autoi*": "pronoun, masculine plural nominative - yourselves", "*lithoi*": "noun, masculine plural nominative - stones", "*zōntes*": "present active participle, masculine plural nominative - living", "*oikodomeisthe*": "present passive indicative, 2nd person plural - you are being built up", "*oikos*": "noun, masculine singular nominative - house", "*pneumatikos*": "adjective, masculine singular nominative - spiritual", "*hierateuma*": "noun, neuter singular nominative - priesthood", "*hagion*": "adjective, neuter singular nominative - holy", "*anenegkai*": "aorist active infinitive - to offer up", "*pneumatikas*": "adjective, feminine plural accusative - spiritual", "*thysias*": "noun, feminine plural accusative - sacrifices", "*euprosdektous*": "adjective, feminine plural accusative - acceptable/well-pleasing", "*tō Theō*": "noun, masculine singular dative - to God", "*dia*": "preposition + genitive - through", "*Iēsou Christou*": "noun, masculine singular genitive - Jesus Christ" }, "variants": { "*oikodomeisthe*": "you are being built up/being constructed/being edified", "*oikos*": "house/household/dwelling", "*pneumatikos*": "spiritual/of the Spirit", "*hierateuma*": "priesthood/body of priests", "*hagion*": "holy/set apart/sacred", "*anenegkai*": "to offer up/to bring up", "*thysias*": "sacrifices/offerings", "*euprosdektous*": "acceptable/well-pleasing/welcome" } }
  • 1 Pet 2:9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Peter.2.9", "source": "Ὑμεῖς δὲ γένος ἐκλεκτόν, βασίλειον ἱεράτευμα, ἔθνος ἅγιον, λαὸς εἰς περιποίησιν· ὅπως τὰς ἀρετὰς ἐξαγγείλητε τοῦ ἐκ σκότους ὑμᾶς καλέσαντος εἰς τὸ θαυμαστὸν αὐτοῦ φῶς:", "text": "*Hymeis de genos eklekton*, *basileion hierateuma*, *ethnos hagion*, *laos eis peripoiēsin*; *hopōs tas aretas exangeilēte tou ek skotous hymas kalesantos eis to thaumaston autou phōs*:", "grammar": { "*Hymeis*": "pronoun, 2nd person plural nominative - you", "*de*": "particle - but/and", "*genos*": "noun, neuter singular nominative - race/family/kind", "*eklekton*": "adjective, neuter singular nominative - chosen/elect", "*basileion*": "adjective, neuter singular nominative - royal", "*hierateuma*": "noun, neuter singular nominative - priesthood", "*ethnos*": "noun, neuter singular nominative - nation/people", "*hagion*": "adjective, neuter singular nominative - holy", "*laos*": "noun, masculine singular nominative - people", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - for/unto", "*peripoiēsin*": "noun, feminine singular accusative - possession/acquisition", "*hopōs*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*tas aretas*": "noun with article, feminine plural accusative - the virtues/excellencies", "*exangeilēte*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd person plural - you may proclaim/declare", "*tou kalesantos*": "aorist active participle with article, masculine singular genitive - of the one who called", "*ek*": "preposition + genitive - out of/from", "*skotous*": "noun, neuter singular genitive - darkness", "*hymas*": "pronoun, 2nd person plural accusative - you", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into/unto", "*to thaumaston*": "adjective with article, neuter singular accusative - the marvelous/wonderful", "*autou*": "pronoun, masculine singular genitive - his", "*phōs*": "noun, neuter singular accusative - light" }, "variants": { "*genos*": "race/family/kind/generation", "*eklekton*": "chosen/elect/selected", "*basileion*": "royal/kingly", "*hierateuma*": "priesthood/body of priests", "*ethnos*": "nation/people/tribe", "*hagion*": "holy/set apart", "*laos*": "people/nation", "*peripoiēsin*": "possession/acquisition/God's own possession", "*aretas*": "virtues/excellencies/praises", "*exangeilēte*": "may proclaim/declare/publish abroad", "*kalesantos*": "who called/who summoned", "*skotous*": "darkness/obscurity", "*thaumaston*": "marvelous/wonderful/amazing", "*phōs*": "light/illumination" } }
  • Gen 13:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Genesis.13.4", "source": "אֶל־מְקוֹם֙ הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ אֲשֶׁר־עָ֥שָׂה שָׁ֖ם בָּרִאשֹׁנָ֑ה וַיִּקְרָ֥א שָׁ֛ם אַבְרָ֖ם בְּשֵׁ֥ם יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "Unto *mĕqôm* *hammizḇēaḥ* which *ʿāśâ* there *bāriʾšōnâ*; and *wayyiqrāʾ* there *ʾAḇrām* in *šēm* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*mĕqôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - place of", "*hammizḇēaḥ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the altar", "*ʿāśâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he made/had made", "*bāriʾšōnâ*": "preposition + definite article + adjective, feminine singular - at the first/previously", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*ʾAḇrām*": "proper noun, masculine singular", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*mĕqôm*": "place/site/location", "*hammizḇēaḥ*": "the altar/the place of sacrifice", "*bāriʾšōnâ*": "at first/at the beginning/previously", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "called/proclaimed/invoked" } }
  • Gen 13:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Genesis.13.18", "source": "וַיֶּאֱהַ֣ל אַבְרָ֗ם וַיָּבֹ֛א וַיֵּ֛שֶׁב בְּאֵלֹנֵ֥י מַמְרֵ֖א אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּחֶבְר֑וֹן וַיִּֽבֶן־שָׁ֥ם מִזְבֵּ֖חַ לֽ͏ַיהוָֽה׃ פ", "text": "And *wayeʾĕhal* *ʾAḇrām* and *wayyāḇōʾ* and *wayyēšeḇ* in *ʾēlōnê* *Mamrēʾ* which is in *Ḥeḇrôn*, and *wayyiḇen-šām* *mizḇēaḥ* to *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wayeʾĕhal*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he pitched his tent", "*ʾAḇrām*": "proper noun, masculine singular", "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*wayyēšeḇ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he dwelt", "*ʾēlōnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - oaks of/terebinths of", "*Mamrēʾ*": "proper noun - Mamre", "*Ḥeḇrôn*": "proper noun - Hebron", "*wayyiḇen-šām*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + adverb - and he built there", "*mizḇēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - altar", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*wayeʾĕhal*": "pitched his tent/moved his tent/tented", "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "came/entered/went", "*wayyēšeḇ*": "dwelt/settled/lived", "*ʾēlōnê*": "oaks of/terebinths of/great trees of", "*wayyiḇen*": "built/constructed", "*mizḇēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice" } }
  • Gen 22:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Genesis.22.2", "source": "וַיֹּ֡אמֶר קַח־נָ֠א אֶת־בִּנְךָ֨ אֶת־יְחִֽידְךָ֤ אֲשֶׁר־אָהַ֙בְתָּ֙ אֶת־יִצְחָ֔ק וְלֶךְ־לְךָ֔ אֶל־אֶ֖רֶץ הַמֹּרִיָּ֑ה וְהַעֲלֵ֤הוּ שָׁם֙ לְעֹלָ֔ה עַ֚ל אַחַ֣ד הֶֽהָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֹמַ֥ר אֵלֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *qaḥ*-*nāʾ* *ʾet*-*binəkā* *ʾet*-*yĕḥîdəkā* *ʾăšer*-*ʾāhabtā* *ʾet*-*yiṣḥāq* *wə-lek*-*ləkā* to-*ʾereṣ* the-*mōriyyāh* *wə-haʿălēhû* there *lə-ʿōlāh* upon one the-*hehārîm* *ʾăšer* *ʾōmar* to-you", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*qaḥ*-*nāʾ*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular + particle of entreaty - take, please", "*binəkā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular possessive suffix - your son", "*yĕḥîdəkā*": "masculine singular adjective + 2nd person masculine singular possessive suffix - your only one", "*ʾăšer*-*ʾāhabtā*": "relative pronoun + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - whom you love", "*yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac", "*wə-lek*-*ləkā*": "conjunction + Qal imperative, masculine singular + preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and go for yourself", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct noun - land of", "*mōriyyāh*": "proper noun - Moriah", "*wə-haʿălēhû*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperative, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular object suffix - and offer him up", "*lə-ʿōlāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - for burnt offering", "*hehārîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the mountains", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʾōmar*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will say/tell" }, "variants": { "*nāʾ*": "please/now/I pray you", "*yĕḥîdəkā*": "your only one/your only son/your unique one", "*ʾāhabtā*": "you love/you have loved", "*lek-ləkā*": "go for yourself/go by yourself/go forth", "*haʿălēhû*": "offer him up/cause him to go up/sacrifice him", "*ʿōlāh*": "burnt offering/that which ascends" } }
  • Gen 26:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Genesis.26.25", "source": "וַיִּ֧בֶן שָׁ֣ם מִזְבֵּ֗חַ וַיִּקְרָא֙ בְּשֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה וַיֶּט־שָׁ֖ם אָהֳל֑וֹ וַיִּכְרוּ־שָׁ֥ם עַבְדֵי־יִצְחָ֖ק בְּאֵֽר׃", "text": "and-*wayyiben* there *mizbēaḥ* and-*wayyiqrāʾ* in-name-of *yhwh* and-*wayyeṭ*-there his-*ʾohŏlô* and-*wayyikrû*-there *ʿabdê*-*yiṣḥāq* *bəʾēr*", "grammar": { "*wayyiben*": "3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect waw-consecutive of בנה - and he built", "*mizbēaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - altar", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect waw-consecutive of קרא - and he called", "*yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH", "*wayyeṭ*": "3rd masculine singular Qal imperfect waw-consecutive of נטה - and he pitched", "*ʾohŏlô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his tent", "*wayyikrû*": "3rd masculine plural Qal imperfect waw-consecutive of כרה - and they dug", "*ʿabdê*": "masculine plural construct of עבד - servants of", "*yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac", "*bəʾēr*": "feminine singular noun - well" }, "variants": { "*wayyiben*": "and he built/and he constructed", "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*wayyiqrāʾ* in-name-of *yhwh*": "and he called on the name of YHWH/and he invoked YHWH/and he worshiped YHWH", "*wayyeṭ*": "and he pitched/and he spread out/and he stretched", "*wayyikrû*": "and they dug/and they excavated" } }
  • Gen 33:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Genesis.33.20", "source": "וַיַּצֶּב־שָׁ֖ם מִזְבֵּ֑חַ וַיִּ֨קְרָא־ל֔וֹ אֵ֖ל אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wə-yaṣṣeb*-there *mizbēaḥ* *wə-yiqrāʾ*-to it *ʾēl* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaṣṣeb*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he erected", "*mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - altar", "*wə-yiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*ʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - El", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Israel" }, "variants": { "*yaṣṣeb*": "erected/set up/established", "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*yiqrāʾ*": "called/named", "*ʾēl*": "El/God", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of/deity of" } }
  • Gen 35:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Genesis.35.1", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶֽל־יַעֲקֹ֔ב ק֛וּם עֲלֵ֥ה בֵֽית־אֵ֖ל וְשֶׁב־שָׁ֑ם וַעֲשֵׂה־שָׁ֣ם מִזְבֵּ֔חַ לָאֵל֙ הַנִּרְאֶ֣ה אֵלֶ֔יךָ בְּבָרְחֲךָ֔ מִפְּנֵ֖י עֵשָׂ֥ו אָחִֽיךָ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *ʾĕlōhîm* unto *yaʿăqōb*, *qûm* *ʿălēh* *bêt-ʾēl* and *wešeb-šām*, and *waʿăśēh-šām* *mizbēaḥ* to the *ʾēl* the *hannirʾeh* unto you in your *bȇborḥăkā* from *mippȇnê* *ʿēśāw* your *ʾāḥîkā*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun, subject - God", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun, indirect object - Jacob", "*qûm*": "qal imperative masculine singular - arise/stand up", "*ʿălēh*": "qal imperative masculine singular - go up", "*bêt-ʾēl*": "construct noun + proper noun - house of God/Bethel", "*wešeb-šām*": "waw consecutive + qal imperative masculine singular + locative adverb - and dwell there", "*waʿăśēh-šām*": "waw consecutive + qal imperative masculine singular + locative adverb - and make there", "*mizbēaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - altar", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun with article - the God", "*hannirʾeh*": "article + niphal participle masculine singular - the one appearing", "*bȇborḥăkā*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your fleeing", "*mippȇnê*": "preposition + construct noun - from before/from the face of", "*ʿēśāw*": "proper noun - Esau", "*ʾāḥîkā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your brother" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*qûm*": "arise/stand up/get ready", "*bêt-ʾēl*": "house of God/sacred place/geographic location Bethel", "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*mippȇnê*": "from the face of/from before/because of/due to" } }
  • Gen 35:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Genesis.35.7", "source": "וַיִּ֤בֶן שָׁם֙ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ וַיִּקְרָא֙ לַמָּק֔וֹם אֵ֖ל בֵּֽית־אֵ֑ל כִּ֣י שָׁ֗ם נִגְל֤וּ אֵלָיו֙ הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים בְּבָרְח֖וֹ מִפְּנֵ֥י אָחִֽיו׃", "text": "And *wayyiben* *šām* *mizbēaḥ* and *wayyiqrāʾ* to the *lammāqôm* *ʾēl* *bêt-ʾēl* because *kî* *šām* *niglû* unto him *ʾēlāyw* the *hāʾĕlōhîm* in his *bȇborḥô* from *mippȇnê* his *ʾāḥîw*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiben*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he built", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*mizbēaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - altar", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*lammāqôm*": "preposition + article + masculine singular noun - to the place", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/El", "*bêt-ʾēl*": "construct noun + proper noun - house of God/Bethel", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*niglû*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they were revealed", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "article + masculine plural noun - the God/the gods", "*bȇborḥô*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in his fleeing", "*mippȇnê*": "preposition + construct noun - from before/from the face of", "*ʾāḥîw*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother" }, "variants": { "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*lammāqôm*": "to the place/to the site/to the location", "*ʾēl bêt-ʾēl*": "El-Bethel/God of Bethel/God of the house of God", "*niglû*": "they were revealed/they appeared/they were manifested", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "the God/the gods/the divine beings", "*mippȇnê*": "from before/from the face of/because of" } }
  • Exod 10:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Exodus.10.25", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֔ה גַּם־אַתָּ֛ה תִּתֵּ֥ן בְּיָדֵ֖נוּ זְבָחִ֣ים וְעֹל֑וֹת וְעָשִׂ֖ינוּ לַיהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *mōšeh* *gam-ʾattāh* *tittēn* *bə-yādēnû* *zəbāḥîm* *wə-ʿōlôt* *wə-ʿāśînû* *la-YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*gam-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + pronoun 2nd masculine singular - you also", "*tittēn*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will give", "*bə-yādēnû*": "preposition + noun feminine singular with 1st common plural suffix - in our hand", "*zəbāḥîm*": "noun masculine plural - sacrifices", "*wə-ʿōlôt*": "conjunction + noun feminine plural - and burnt offerings", "*wə-ʿāśînû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st common plural with paragogic nun - and we will make/offer", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - to YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun masculine plural with 1st common plural suffix - our God" }, "variants": { "*bə-yādēnû*": "in our hand/into our possession/under our control", "*zəbāḥîm*": "sacrifices/offerings" } }
  • Exod 20:24-25 : 24 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.24", "source": "מִזְבַּ֣ח אֲדָמָה֮ תַּעֲשֶׂה־לִּי֒ וְזָבַחְתָּ֣ עָלָ֗יו אֶת־עֹלֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ וְאֶת־שְׁלָמֶ֔יךָ אֶת־צֹֽאנְךָ֖ וְאֶת־בְּקָרֶ֑ךָ בְּכָל־הַמָּקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַזְכִּ֣יר אֶת־שְׁמִ֔י אָב֥וֹא אֵלֶ֖יךָ וּבֵרַכְתִּֽיךָ׃", "text": "*mizbēaḥ ʾădāmāh taʿăśeh*-to me *wə-zābaḥtā* upon it *ʾet-ʿōlōteyḵā wə-ʾet-šəlāmeyḵā ʾet-ṣōʾnəḵā wə-ʾet-bəqāreḵā* in all the *māqôm ʾăšer ʾazkîr ʾet-šəmî ʾābôʾ* unto you *û-bēraktîḵā*", "grammar": { "*mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - altar of", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/soil/ground", "*taʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall make", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to/for me", "*wə-zābaḥtā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you shall sacrifice", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon it", "*ʾet-ʿōlōteyḵā*": "direct object marker + noun plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your burnt offerings", "*wə-ʾet-šəlāmeyḵā*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun plural construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your peace offerings", "*ʾet-ṣōʾnəḵā*": "direct object marker + noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your sheep", "*wə-ʾet-bəqāreḵā*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your cattle", "*bə-ḵol-ha-māqôm*": "preposition + noun + definite article + noun - in every the place", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - where/which", "*ʾazkîr*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st singular - I cause to be remembered/mention", "*ʾet-šəmî*": "direct object marker + noun construct + 1st singular suffix - my name", "*ʾābôʾ*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular - I will come", "*ʾēleḵā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*û-bēraktîḵā*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 1st singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and I will bless you" }, "variants": { "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*ʾădāmāh*": "earth/soil/ground/land", "*taʿăśeh*": "make/construct/fashion", "*zābaḥtā*": "sacrifice/slaughter/offer", "*ʿōlōt*": "burnt offerings/ascending offerings", "*šəlāmim*": "peace offerings/fellowship offerings", "*māqôm*": "place/location/site", "*ʾazkîr*": "cause to remember/mention/memorialize", "*ʾābôʾ*": "come/arrive/enter", "*bēraktî*": "bless/endue with power" } } 25 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.25", "source": "וְאִם־מִזְבַּ֤ח אֲבָנִים֙ תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־לִּ֔י לֹֽא־תִבְנֶ֥ה אֶתְהֶ֖ן גָּזִ֑ית כִּ֧י חַרְבְּךָ֛ הֵנַ֥פְתָּ עָלֶ֖יהָ וַתְּחַֽלְלֶֽהָ׃", "text": "*wə-ʾim-mizbēaḥ ʾăbānîm taʿăśeh*-to me *lōʾ-tibneh ʾethen gāzît kî ḥarbəḵā hēnap̄tā* upon her *wa-təḥaləlehā*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - altar of", "*ʾăbānîm*": "noun, feminine plural - stones", "*taʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall make", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to/for me", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tibneh*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall build", "*ʾethen*": "direct object + 3rd feminine plural suffix - them", "*gāzît*": "noun, feminine singular - hewn stone/cut stone", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ḥarbəḵā*": "noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your sword/tool", "*hēnap̄tā*": "Hiphil perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have wielded/swung/waved", "*ʿālehā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - upon it/her", "*wa-təḥaləlehā*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 2nd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and you profane/defile it" }, "variants": { "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*ʾăbānîm*": "stones/rocks", "*taʿăśeh*": "make/construct/fashion", "*tibneh*": "build/construct", "*gāzît*": "hewn stone/dressed stone/cut stone", "*ḥereb*": "sword/knife/tool", "*hēnap̄tā*": "waved/lifted/swung", "*təḥaləlehā*": "profane/defile/pollute/make common" } }
  • Exod 24:4-8 : 4 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.4", "source": "וַיִּכְתֹּ֣ב מֹשֶׁ֗ה אֵ֚ת כָּל־דִּבְרֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֣ם בַּבֹּ֔קֶר וַיִּ֥בֶן מִזְבֵּ֖חַ תַּ֣חַת הָהָ֑ר וּשְׁתֵּ֤ים עֶשְׂרֵה֙ מַצֵּבָ֔ה לִשְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wayyiktōb* *Mōšeh* *ʾēt* *kol*-*dibrê* *YHWH* *wayyaškēm* *babbōqer* *wayyiben* *mizbēaḥ* *taḥat* *hāhār* *ûštêm* *ʿeśrēh* *maṣṣēbāh* *lišnêm* *ʿāśār* *šibṭê* *Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wayyiktōb*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he wrote", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "noun, construct - all of", "*dibrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*wayyaškēm*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he rose early", "*babbōqer*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the morning", "*wayyiben*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he built", "*mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - altar", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath", "*hāhār*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the mountain", "*ûštêm*": "conjunction + numeral, feminine - and twelve", "*ʿeśrēh*": "numeral, feminine - ten (forming 'twelve' with previous word)", "*maṣṣēbāh*": "noun, feminine singular - pillar/standing stone", "*lišnêm*": "preposition + numeral, masculine - for twelve", "*ʿāśār*": "numeral, masculine - ten (forming 'twelve' with previous word)", "*šibṭê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tribes of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*wayyaškēm*": "rose early/awoke early/got up early", "*wayyiben*": "built/constructed/erected", "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*maṣṣēbāh*": "pillar/standing stone/memorial stone", "*šibṭê*": "tribes/rods/branches" } } 5 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.5", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח אֶֽת־נַעֲרֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַֽיַּעֲל֖וּ עֹלֹ֑ת וַֽיִּזְבְּח֞וּ זְבָחִ֧ים שְׁלָמִ֛ים לַיהוָ֖ה פָּרִֽים׃", "text": "*wayyišlaḥ* *ʾet*-*naʿărê* *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *wayyaʿălû* *ʿōlōt* *wayyizbəḥû* *zəbāḥîm* *šəlāmîm* *la-YHWH* *pārîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he sent", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*naʿărê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - young men of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of/children of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyaʿălû*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they offered/brought up", "*ʿōlōt*": "noun, feminine plural - burnt offerings", "*wayyizbəḥû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they sacrificed", "*zəbāḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural - sacrifices", "*šəlāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - peace offerings", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - to/for the LORD", "*pārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - bulls/young bulls" }, "variants": { "*naʿărê*": "young men/youths/servants", "*wayyaʿălû*": "offered up/brought up/caused to ascend", "*ʿōlōt*": "burnt offerings/ascensions/that which goes up", "*zəbāḥîm*": "sacrifices/offerings", "*šəlāmîm*": "peace offerings/fellowship offerings/offerings of well-being", "*pārîm*": "bulls/young bulls/oxen" } } 6 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.6", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֤ח מֹשֶׁה֙ חֲצִ֣י הַדָּ֔ם וַיָּ֖שֶׂם בָּאַגָּנֹ֑ת וַחֲצִ֣י הַדָּ֔ם זָרַ֖ק עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃", "text": "*wayyiqqaḥ* *Mōšeh* *ḥăṣî* *haddām* *wayyāśem* *bāʾaggānōt* *waḥăṣî* *haddām* *zāraq* *ʿal*-*hammizbēaḥ*", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he took", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ḥăṣî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - half of", "*haddām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the blood", "*wayyāśem*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he put", "*bāʾaggānōt*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine plural - in the basins", "*waḥăṣî*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and half of", "*haddām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the blood", "*zāraq*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he sprinkled/threw", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*hammizbēaḥ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the altar" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "took/received/grasped", "*wayyāśem*": "put/placed/set", "*bāʾaggānōt*": "in the basins/bowls/containers", "*zāraq*": "sprinkled/threw/tossed/scattered" } } 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.7", "source": "וַיִּקַּח֙ סֵ֣פֶר הַבְּרִ֔ית וַיִּקְרָ֖א בְּאָזְנֵ֣י הָעָ֑ם וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ כֹּ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה נַעֲשֶׂ֥ה וְנִשְׁמָֽע׃", "text": "*wayyiqqaḥ* *sēfer* *habbərît* *wayyiqrāʾ* *bəʾoznê* *hāʿām* *wayyōʾmərû* *kōl* *ʾăšer*-*dibbēr* *YHWH* *naʿăśeh* *wə-nišmāʿ*", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he took", "*sēfer*": "noun, masculine singular construct - book of/scroll of", "*habbərît*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the covenant", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he read", "*bəʾoznê*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct - in the ears of", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*wayyōʾmərû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they said", "*kōl*": "noun, construct - all", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*dibbēr*": "verb, piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he spoke/said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*naʿăśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st common plural - we will do", "*wə-nišmāʿ*": "conjunction + verb, niphal imperfect 1st common plural - and we will hear/obey" }, "variants": { "*sēfer*": "book/scroll/document", "*habbərît*": "the covenant/the agreement/the treaty", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "read/called out/proclaimed", "*bəʾoznê*": "in the ears of/in the hearing of", "*naʿăśeh*": "we will do/we will perform/we will act", "*wə-nišmāʿ*": "and we will hear/and we will obey/and we will listen" } } 8 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.8", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֤ח מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶת־הַדָּ֔ם וַיִּזְרֹ֖ק עַל־הָעָ֑ם וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּ֤ה דַֽם־הַבְּרִית֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר כָּרַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ עִמָּכֶ֔ם עַ֥ל כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "*wayyiqqaḥ* *Mōšeh* *ʾet*-*haddām* *wayyizrōq* *ʿal*-*hāʿām* *wayyōʾmer* *hinnēh* *dam*-*habbərît* *ʾăšer* *kārat* *YHWH* *ʿimmākem* *ʿal* *kol*-*haddəbārîm* *hāʾēlleh*", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he took", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*haddām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the blood", "*wayyizrōq*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he sprinkled", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he said", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*dam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - blood of", "*habbərît*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the covenant", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*kārat*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he cut/made", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʿimmākem*": "preposition + suffix, 2nd masculine plural - with you", "*ʿal*": "preposition - concerning/regarding", "*kol*": "noun, construct - all of", "*haddəbārîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the words", "*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural - these" }, "variants": { "*wayyizrōq*": "sprinkled/threw/scattered/tossed", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*dam*": "blood", "*kārat*": "cut/made/established (a covenant)", "*haddəbārîm*": "words/matters/things" } }
  • Lev 1:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.1", "source": "וַיִּקְרָ֖א אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֑ה וַיְדַבֵּ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֵלָ֔יו מֵאֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵ֖ד לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "*wə-yiqrāʾ* unto-*Mōše*, *wə-yədabbēr* *YHWH* unto-him from-*ʾōhel mōʿēd* *lēʾmōr*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*Mōše*": "proper noun, masculine - Moses", "*wə-yədabbēr*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾōhel mōʿēd*": "construct phrase - tent of meeting", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to say/saying" }, "variants": { "*wə-yiqrāʾ*": "and he called/summoned", "*wə-yədabbēr*": "and he spoke/talked", "*ʾōhel mōʿēd*": "tent of meeting/appointment/assembly", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say/commanding" } } 2 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.2", "source": "דַּבֵּ֞ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם אָדָ֗ם כִּֽי־יַקְרִ֥יב מִכֶּ֛ם קָרְבָּ֖ן לַֽיהוָ֑ה מִן־הַבְּהֵמָ֗ה מִן־הַבָּקָר֙ וּמִן־הַצֹּ֔אן תַּקְרִ֖יבוּ אֶת־קָרְבַּנְכֶֽם׃", "text": "*dabbēr* unto-*bənê yiśrāʾēl* *wə-ʾāmartā* unto-them, *ʾādām* when-*yaqrîb* from-you *qorbān* to-*YHWH*, from-the-*bəhēmâ* from-the-*bāqār* and-from-the-*ṣōʾn* *taqrîbû* *ʾet*-*qorbankěm*.", "grammar": { "*dabbēr*": "Piel imperative, masculine singular - speak!", "*bənê yiśrāʾēl*": "construct phrase - sons of Israel", "*wə-ʾāmartā*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall say", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person/mankind", "*yaqrîb*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he brings near/offers", "*qorbān*": "noun, masculine singular - offering/sacrifice", "*bəhēmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - beast/cattle/animal", "*bāqār*": "noun, masculine singular collective - herd/cattle", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, common singular collective - flock/sheep/goats", "*taqrîbû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall bring/offer", "*qorbankěm*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your offering" }, "variants": { "*ʾādām*": "person/man/human/anyone", "*qorbān*": "offering/sacrifice/oblation", "*bəhēmâ*": "beast/livestock/cattle", "*bāqār*": "cattle/herd/oxen", "*ṣōʾn*": "small livestock/sheep/goats" } } 3 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.3", "source": "אִם־עֹלָ֤ה קָרְבָּנוֹ֙ מִן־הַבָּקָ֔ר זָכָ֥ר תָּמִ֖ים יַקְרִיבֶ֑נּוּ אֶל־פֶּ֜תַח אֹ֤הֶל מוֹעֵד֙ יַקְרִ֣יב אֹת֔וֹ לִרְצֹנ֖וֹ לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "If-*ʿōlâ* *qorbānô* from-the-*bāqār*, *zākār tāmîm* *yaqrîběnnû*, unto-*pěṯaḥ ʾōhel mōʿēd* *yaqrîb* *ʾōtô* *lirṣōnô* before-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*ʿōlâ*": "noun, feminine singular - burnt offering", "*qorbānô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his offering", "*bāqār*": "noun, masculine singular collective - herd/cattle", "*zākār*": "noun, masculine singular - male", "*tāmîm*": "adjective, masculine singular - perfect/unblemished/complete", "*yaqrîběnnû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he shall offer it", "*pěṯaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - entrance/door/opening", "*ʾōhel mōʿēd*": "construct phrase - tent of meeting", "*yaqrîb*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall offer/bring", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - it/him", "*lirṣōnô*": "preposition + noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - for his acceptance/favor" }, "variants": { "*ʿōlâ*": "burnt offering/whole burnt sacrifice/holocaust", "*zākār*": "male/man", "*tāmîm*": "perfect/unblemished/whole/complete/sound", "*lirṣōnô*": "for his acceptance/favor/good will/voluntary" } } 4 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.4", "source": "וְסָמַ֣ךְ יָד֔וֹ עַ֖ל רֹ֣אשׁ הָעֹלָ֑ה וְנִרְצָ֥ה ל֖וֹ לְכַפֵּ֥ר עָלָֽיו׃", "text": "*wə-sāmak* *yādô* upon *rōʾš* the-*ʿōlâ* *wə-nirṣâ* to-him *ləkappēr* upon-him.", "grammar": { "*wə-sāmak*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall lay/press", "*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - head of", "*ʿōlâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the burnt offering", "*wə-nirṣâ*": "waw conjunctive + Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it shall be accepted", "*ləkappēr*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to atone/cover/expiate" }, "variants": { "*wə-sāmak*": "and he shall lay/press/lean", "*ləkappēr*": "to make atonement/to cover/to expiate/to pacify" } } 5 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.5", "source": "וְשָׁחַ֛ט אֶת־בֶּ֥ן הַבָּקָ֖ר לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְ֠הִקְרִיבוּ בְּנֵ֨י אַהֲרֹ֤ן הֽ͏ַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ אֶת־הַדָּ֔ם וְזָרְק֨וּ אֶת־הַדָּ֤ם עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֙חַ֙ סָבִ֔יב אֲשֶׁר־פֶּ֖תַח אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד׃", "text": "*wə-šāḥaṭ ʾet-ben ha-bāqār* before-*YHWH*, *wə-hiqrîbû bənê ʾAhărōn ha-kōhănîm ʾet-ha-dām* *wə-zārəqû ʾet-ha-dām* upon-the-*mizbēaḥ* around, which-at-*pětaḥ ʾōhel mōʿēd*.", "grammar": { "*wə-šāḥaṭ*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall slaughter", "*ben ha-bāqār*": "construct phrase with definite article - son of the herd/young bull", "*wə-hiqrîbû*": "waw conjunctive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they shall bring near", "*bənê ʾAhărōn*": "construct phrase - sons of Aaron", "*ha-kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the priests", "*ha-dām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the blood", "*wə-zārəqû*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they shall sprinkle", "*mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the altar", "*pětaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - entrance/door of" }, "variants": { "*wə-šāḥaṭ*": "and he shall slaughter/kill/slay", "*ben ha-bāqār*": "young bull/son of the herd/bullock", "*wə-hiqrîbû*": "and they shall bring/present/offer", "*wə-zārəqû*": "and they shall sprinkle/scatter/toss" } } 6 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.6", "source": "וְהִפְשִׁ֖יט אֶת־הָעֹלָ֑ה וְנִתַּ֥ח אֹתָ֖הּ לִנְתָחֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "*wə-hipšîṭ ʾet-hā-ʿōlâ* *wə-nittaḥ ʾōtāh linṯāḥěyhā*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hipšîṭ*": "waw conjunctive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall skin/flay", "*hā-ʿōlâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the burnt offering", "*wə-nittaḥ*": "waw conjunctive + Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall cut into pieces", "*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine singular suffix - it", "*linṯāḥěyhā*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd feminine singular suffix - into its pieces" }, "variants": { "*wə-hipšîṭ*": "and he shall skin/flay/strip", "*wə-nittaḥ*": "and he shall cut in pieces/divide/dismember" } } 7 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.7", "source": "וְ֠נָתְנוּ בְּנֵ֨י אַהֲרֹ֧ן הַכֹּהֵ֛ן אֵ֖שׁ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ וְעָרְכ֥וּ עֵצִ֖ים עַל־הָאֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "*wə-nāṯnû bənê ʾAhărōn ha-kōhēn ʾēš* upon-the-*mizbēaḥ* *wə-ʿārəḵû ʿēṣîm* upon-the-*ʾēš*.", "grammar": { "*wə-nāṯnû*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they shall put/place", "*bənê ʾAhărōn*": "construct phrase - sons of Aaron", "*ha-kōhēn*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the priest", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the altar", "*wə-ʿārəḵû*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they shall arrange", "*ʿēṣîm*": "noun, masculine plural - wood/sticks" }, "variants": { "*wə-nāṯnû*": "and they shall put/place/set", "*wə-ʿārəḵû*": "and they shall arrange/set in order/prepare" } } 8 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.8", "source": "וְעָרְכ֗וּ בְּנֵ֤י אַהֲרֹן֙ הַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים אֵ֚ת הַנְּתָחִ֔ים אֶת־הָרֹ֖אשׁ וְאֶת־הַפָּ֑דֶר עַל־הָעֵצִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־הָאֵ֔שׁ אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃", "text": "*wə-ʿārəḵû bənê ʾAhărōn ha-kōhănîm ʾēt ha-nəṯāḥîm ʾet-hā-rōʾš wə-ʾet-ha-pāděr* upon-the-*ʿēṣîm* which upon-the-*ʾēš* which upon-the-*mizbēaḥ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿārəḵû*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they shall arrange", "*bənê ʾAhărōn*": "construct phrase - sons of Aaron", "*ha-kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the priests", "*ha-nəṯāḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the pieces", "*hā-rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the head", "*ha-pāděr*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the fat/suet", "*ʿēṣîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the wood/sticks" }, "variants": { "*wə-ʿārəḵû*": "and they shall arrange/set in order/lay out", "*ha-pāděr*": "the fat/suet/fatty tissue" } } 9 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.9", "source": "וְקִרְבּ֥וֹ וּכְרָעָ֖יו יִרְחַ֣ץ בַּמָּ֑יִם וְהִקְטִ֨יר הַכֹּהֵ֤ן אֶת־הַכֹּל֙ הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חָה עֹלָ֛ה אִשֵּׁ֥ה רֵֽיחַ־נִיח֖וֹחַ לַֽיהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-qirbô û-ḵərāʿāyw yirḥaṣ ba-māyim*, *wə-hiqṭîr ha-kōhēn ʾet-ha-kōl ha-mizbēḥâ*, *ʿōlâ ʾiššê rêaḥ-nîḥôaḥ la-YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wə-qirbô*": "waw conjunctive + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and its entrails", "*û-ḵərāʿāyw*": "waw conjunctive + noun, feminine dual + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and its legs", "*yirḥaṣ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall wash", "*ba-māyim*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with definite article - in the water", "*wə-hiqṭîr*": "waw conjunctive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall burn as incense", "*ha-kōhēn*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the priest", "*ha-kōl*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the whole/all", "*ha-mizbēḥâ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article + directional heh - to the altar", "*ʿōlâ*": "noun, feminine singular - burnt offering", "*ʾiššê*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fire offering", "*rêaḥ-nîḥôaḥ*": "construct phrase - soothing aroma/pleasing odor" }, "variants": { "*wə-qirbô*": "and its entrails/innards/inward parts", "*û-ḵərāʿāyw*": "and its legs/shanks", "*wə-hiqṭîr*": "and he shall burn/offer up in smoke/turn into smoke", "*ʾiššê*": "fire offering/offering made by fire", "*rêaḥ-nîḥôaḥ*": "soothing aroma/pleasing odor/sweet savor" } } 10 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.10", "source": "וְאִם־מִן־הַצֹּ֨אן קָרְבָּנ֧וֹ מִן־הַכְּשָׂבִ֛ים א֥וֹ מִן־הָעִזִּ֖ים לְעֹלָ֑ה זָכָ֥ר תָּמִ֖ים יַקְרִיבֶֽנּוּ׃", "text": "*wə-ʾim*-from-the-*ṣōʾn* *qorbānô* from-the-*kəśābîm* or from-the-*ʿizzîm* for-*ʿōlâ*, *zākār tāmîm yaqrîběnnû*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾim*": "waw conjunctive + conditional particle - and if", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, common singular collective with definite article - the flock/sheep/goats", "*qorbānô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his offering", "*kəśābîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the sheep/lambs", "*ʿizzîm*": "noun, feminine plural with definite article - the goats", "*ʿōlâ*": "noun, feminine singular - burnt offering", "*zākār*": "noun, masculine singular - male", "*tāmîm*": "adjective, masculine singular - perfect/unblemished", "*yaqrîběnnû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he shall offer it" }, "variants": { "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep/goats/small livestock", "*kəśābîm*": "sheep/lambs", "*ʿizzîm*": "goats/she-goats", "*zākār tāmîm*": "perfect male/unblemished male/male without defect" } } 11 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.11", "source": "וְשָׁחַ֨ט אֹת֜וֹ עַ֣ל יֶ֧רֶךְ הַמִּזְבֵּ֛חַ צָפֹ֖נָה לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְזָרְק֡וּ בְּנֵי֩ אַהֲרֹ֨ן הַכֹּהֲנִ֧ים אֶת־דָּמ֛וֹ עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ סָבִֽיב׃", "text": "*wə-šāḥaṭ ʾōtô* upon *yěrěḵ ha-mizbēaḥ ṣāpōnâ* before-*YHWH*, *wə-zārqû bənê ʾAhărōn ha-kōhănîm ʾet-dāmô* upon-the-*mizbēaḥ* around.", "grammar": { "*wə-šāḥaṭ*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall slaughter", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - it/him", "*yěrěḵ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - side of", "*ha-mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the altar", "*ṣāpōnâ*": "noun, masculine singular + directional heh - northward", "*wə-zārqû*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they shall sprinkle", "*bənê ʾAhărōn*": "construct phrase - sons of Aaron", "*ha-kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the priests", "*dāmô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its blood" }, "variants": { "*wə-šāḥaṭ*": "and he shall slaughter/kill/slay", "*yěrěḵ*": "side/flank/thigh", "*ṣāpōnâ*": "northward/on the north side", "*wə-zārqû*": "and they shall sprinkle/splash/toss" } } 12 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.12", "source": "וְנִתַּ֤ח אֹתוֹ֙ לִנְתָחָ֔יו וְאֶת־רֹאשׁ֖וֹ וְאֶת־פִּדְר֑וֹ וְעָרַ֤ךְ הַכֹּהֵן֙ אֹתָ֔ם עַל־הָֽעֵצִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־הָאֵ֔שׁ אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃", "text": "*wə-nittaḥ ʾōtô linṯāḥāyw wə-ʾet-rōʾšô wə-ʾet-pidrô*, *wə-ʿāraḵ ha-kōhēn ʾōtām* upon-the-*ʿēṣîm* which upon-the-*ʾēš* which upon-the-*mizbēaḥ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-nittaḥ*": "waw conjunctive + Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall cut into pieces", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - it/him", "*linṯāḥāyw*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - into its pieces", "*rōʾšô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its head", "*pidrô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its fat/suet", "*wə-ʿāraḵ*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall arrange", "*ha-kōhēn*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the priest", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them" }, "variants": { "*wə-nittaḥ*": "and he shall cut in pieces/divide/dismember", "*pidrô*": "its fat/suet/fatty tissue", "*wə-ʿāraḵ*": "and he shall arrange/set in order/lay out" } } 13 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.13", "source": "וְהַקֶּ֥רֶב וְהַכְּרָעַ֖יִם יִרְחַ֣ץ בַּמָּ֑יִם וְהִקְרִ֨יב הַכֹּהֵ֤ן אֶת־הַכֹּל֙ וְהִקְטִ֣יר הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חָה עֹלָ֣ה ה֗וּא אִשֵּׁ֛ה רֵ֥יחַ נִיחֹ֖חַ לַיהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-ha-qěrěb wə-ha-kərāʿayim yirḥaṣ ba-māyim*, *wə-hiqrîb ha-kōhēn ʾet-ha-kōl wə-hiqṭîr ha-mizbēḥâ*, *ʿōlâ hûʾ ʾiššê rêaḥ nîḥōaḥ la-YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ha-qěrěb*": "waw conjunctive + noun, masculine singular with definite article - and the entrails", "*wə-ha-kərāʿayim*": "waw conjunctive + noun, feminine dual with definite article - and the legs", "*yirḥaṣ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall wash", "*ba-māyim*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with definite article - in the water", "*wə-hiqrîb*": "waw conjunctive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall bring near", "*ha-kōhēn*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the priest", "*ha-kōl*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the whole/all", "*wə-hiqṭîr*": "waw conjunctive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall burn as incense", "*ha-mizbēḥâ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article + directional heh - to the altar", "*ʿōlâ*": "noun, feminine singular - burnt offering", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - it/that", "*ʾiššê*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fire offering", "*rêaḥ nîḥōaḥ*": "construct phrase - soothing aroma/pleasing odor" }, "variants": { "*wə-ha-qěrěb*": "and the entrails/innards/inward parts", "*wə-ha-kərāʿayim*": "and the legs/shanks", "*wə-hiqrîb*": "and he shall bring/present/offer", "*wə-hiqṭîr*": "and he shall burn/offer up in smoke/turn into smoke", "*ʾiššê*": "fire offering/offering made by fire", "*rêaḥ nîḥōaḥ*": "soothing aroma/pleasing odor/sweet savor" } } 14 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.14", "source": "וְאִ֧ם מִן־הָע֛וֹף עֹלָ֥ה קָרְבָּנ֖וֹ לַֽיהוָ֑ה וְהִקְרִ֣יב מִן־הַתֹּרִ֗ים א֛וֹ מִן־בְּנֵ֥י הַיּוֹנָ֖ה אֶת־קָרְבָּנֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-ʾim* from-the-*ʿôp ʿōlâ qorbānô* to-*YHWH*, *wə-hiqrîb* from-the-*tōrîm* or from-*bənê ha-yônâ ʾet-qorbānô*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾim*": "waw conjunctive + conditional particle - and if", "*ʿôp*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the bird/fowl", "*ʿōlâ*": "noun, feminine singular - burnt offering", "*qorbānô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his offering", "*wə-hiqrîb*": "waw conjunctive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall bring near", "*tōrîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the turtledoves", "*bənê ha-yônâ*": "construct phrase with definite article - sons of the dove/young pigeons", "*qorbānô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his offering" }, "variants": { "*ʿôp*": "birds/fowl/flying creatures", "*tōrîm*": "turtledoves/turtle-doves", "*bənê ha-yônâ*": "young pigeons/pigeons/doves" } } 15 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.15", "source": "וְהִקְרִיב֤וֹ הַכֹּהֵן֙ אֶל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ וּמָלַק֙ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֔וֹ וְהִקְטִ֖יר הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חָה וְנִמְצָ֣ה דָמ֔וֹ עַ֖ל קִ֥יר הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃", "text": "*wə-hiqrîbô ha-kōhēn ʾel-ha-mizbēaḥ*, *û-mālaq ʾet-rōʾšô* *wə-hiqṭîr ha-mizbēḥâ*, *wə-nimṣâ dāmô* upon *qîr ha-mizbēaḥ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hiqrîbô*": "waw conjunctive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he shall bring it near", "*ha-kōhēn*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the priest", "*ha-mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the altar", "*û-mālaq*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall wring off/pinch", "*rōʾšô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its head", "*wə-hiqṭîr*": "waw conjunctive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall burn as incense", "*ha-mizbēḥâ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article + directional heh - to the altar", "*wə-nimṣâ*": "waw conjunctive + Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it shall be drained/squeezed out", "*dāmô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its blood", "*qîr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wall of", "*ha-mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the altar" }, "variants": { "*wə-hiqrîbô*": "and he shall bring/present/offer it", "*û-mālaq*": "and he shall wring off/pinch/sever by pinching", "*wə-hiqṭîr*": "and he shall burn/offer up in smoke/turn into smoke", "*wə-nimṣâ*": "and shall be drained out/squeezed out/pressed out" } } 16 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.16", "source": "וְהֵסִ֥יר אֶת־מֻרְאָת֖וֹ בְּנֹצָתָ֑הּ וְהִשְׁלִ֨יךְ אֹתָ֜הּ אֵ֤צֶל הַמִּזְבֵּ֙חַ֙ קֵ֔דְמָה אֶל־מְק֖וֹם הַדָּֽשֶׁן׃", "text": "*wə-hēsîr ʾet-murʾātô bə-nōṣātāh*, *wə-hišlîḵ ʾōtāh ʾēṣěl ha-mizbēaḥ qēdmâ* unto-*məqôm ha-dāšěn*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hēsîr*": "waw conjunctive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall remove", "*murʾātô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its crop", "*bə-nōṣātāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - with its feathers", "*wə-hišlîḵ*": "waw conjunctive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall cast/throw", "*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine singular suffix - it", "*ʾēṣěl*": "preposition - beside/near", "*ha-mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the altar", "*qēdmâ*": "noun, feminine singular + directional heh - eastward", "*məqôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - place of", "*ha-dāšěn*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the ashes" }, "variants": { "*wə-hēsîr*": "and he shall remove/take away", "*murʾātô*": "its crop/craw/stomach", "*bə-nōṣātāh*": "with its feathers/plumage/contents", "*wə-hišlîḵ*": "and he shall cast/throw/fling", "*qēdmâ*": "eastward/on the east side", "*ha-dāšěn*": "the ashes/fat ashes/burnt remains" } } 17 { "verseID": "Leviticus.1.17", "source": "וְשִׁסַּ֨ע אֹת֣וֹ בִכְנָפָיו֮ לֹ֣א יַבְדִּיל֒ וְהִקְטִ֨יר אֹת֤וֹ הַכֹּהֵן֙ הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חָה עַל־הָעֵצִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־הָאֵ֑שׁ עֹלָ֣ה ה֗וּא אִשֵּׁ֛ה רֵ֥יחַ נִיחֹ֖חַ לַיהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-šissaʿ ʾōtô bi-ḵnāpāyw*, not *yabdîl*. *wə-hiqṭîr ʾōtô ha-kōhēn ha-mizbēḥâ* upon-the-*ʿēṣîm* which upon-the-*ʾēš*. *ʿōlâ hûʾ ʾiššê rêaḥ nîḥōaḥ la-YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wə-šissaʿ*": "waw conjunctive + Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall split/tear", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - it", "*bi-ḵnāpāyw*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual + 3rd masculine singular suffix - by its wings", "*yabdîl*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall divide/separate", "*wə-hiqṭîr*": "waw conjunctive + Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he shall burn as incense", "*ha-kōhēn*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the priest", "*ha-mizbēḥâ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article + directional heh - to the altar", "*ʿēṣîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the wood/sticks", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the fire", "*ʿōlâ*": "noun, feminine singular - burnt offering", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - it/that", "*ʾiššê*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fire offering", "*rêaḥ nîḥōaḥ*": "construct phrase - soothing aroma/pleasing odor" }, "variants": { "*wə-šissaʿ*": "and he shall split/tear/cleave", "*yabdîl*": "he shall divide/separate/sever completely", "*wə-hiqṭîr*": "and he shall burn/offer up in smoke/turn into smoke", "*ʾiššê*": "fire offering/offering made by fire", "*rêaḥ nîḥōaḥ*": "soothing aroma/pleasing odor/sweet savor" } }