Verse 1

{ "verseID": "Hosea.4.1", "source": "שִׁמְע֥וּ דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּ֣י רִ֤יב לַֽיהוָה֙ עִם־יוֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֠י אֵין־אֱמֶ֧ת וְֽאֵין־חֶ֛סֶד וְאֵֽין־דַּ֥עַת אֱלֹהִ֖ים בָּאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*Shimʿû* *dəbar*-*YHWH* *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *kî* *rîb* *l-YHWH* *ʿim*-*yôšbê* *hāʾāreṣ* *kî* *ʾên*-*ʾĕmet* *wə-ʾên*-*ḥesed* *wə-ʾên*-*daʿat* *ʾĕlōhîm* *bāʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*Shimʿû*": "imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen", "*dəbar*": "construct state, masculine singular - word/speech of", "*YHWH*": "divine name, subject of construct chain", "*bənê*": "construct state, masculine plural - sons/children of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*rîb*": "noun, masculine singular - dispute/controversy/lawsuit", "*l-YHWH*": "preposition + divine name - belonging to YHWH", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*yôšbê*": "participle construct, masculine plural - inhabitants/dwellers of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun with definite article - the land", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʾĕmet*": "noun, feminine singular - truth/faithfulness", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥesed*": "noun, masculine singular - steadfast love/covenant loyalty/mercy", "*daʿat*": "noun, feminine singular - knowledge", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural form (divine singular) - God", "*bāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + noun with definite article - in the land" }, "variants": { "*dəbar*": "word/speech/matter/thing", "*rîb*": "dispute/lawsuit/controversy/quarrel", "*ḥesed*": "steadfast love/covenant loyalty/kindness/mercy", "*daʿat*": "knowledge/insight/understanding", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods (grammatically plural but referring to the singular deity)", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Hør Herrens ord, Israels barn! For Herren har en strid mot dem som bor i landet; det finnes ingen sannhet, ingen barmhjertighet, og ingen kjennskap til Herren.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Hør Herrens ord, dere Israels barn, for Herren har en strid med innbyggerne i landet, fordi det er ingen sannhet, ingen barmhjertighet og ingen kunnskap om Gud i landet.

• Norsk King James

  Hør ordet fra Herren, dere barn av Israel: Herren har en strid med innbyggerne i landet, fordi det ikke finnes noen sannhet, ingen barmhjertighet, og ingen kunnskap om Gud i landet.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Hør Herrens ord, Israels barn! For Herren har en sak mot dem som bor i landet; for det er ingen sannhet, ingen nåde, og ingen kunnskap om Gud i landet.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Hør Herrens ord, Israels barn, for Herren har en anklage mot landets innbyggere; det er ingen sannhet, ingen godhet, ingen kunnskap om Gud i landet.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Hør Herrens ord, dere Israels barn: for Herren har en anklage mot dem som bor i landet, fordi det er ingen sannhet, ingen barmhjertighet og ingen kunnskap om Gud i landet.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Hør Herrens ord, dere israelitter, for Herren har en strid med beboerne i landet, fordi der ikke finnes sannhet, barmhjertighet eller kunnskap om Gud.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Hør Herrens ord, dere Israels barn: for Herren har en anklage mot dem som bor i landet, fordi det er ingen sannhet, ingen barmhjertighet og ingen kunnskap om Gud i landet.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Hør Herrens ord, Israels barn, for Herren har en sak mot landets innbyggere: Det er ingen troskap, ingen kjærlighet, ingen kunnskap om Gud i landet.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Hear the word of the LORD, O people of Israel! For the LORD has a charge against the inhabitants of the land: there is no truth, no steadfast love, and no knowledge of God in the land.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Hør Herrens ord, Israels barn! For Herren har en sak med landets innbyggere, fordi det er ingen sannhet, ingen godhet, og ingen kunnskap om Gud i landet.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Hører Herrens Ord, Israels Børn! thi Herren haver Trætte med dem, som boe i Landet; thi der er ei Sandhed og ei Miskundhed og ei Guds Kundskab i Landet.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Hear the word of the LORD, ye children of Israel: for the LORD hath a controversy with the inhabitants of the land, because there is no truth, nor mercy, nor knowledge of God in the land.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Hør Herrens ord, dere Israels barn: For Herren har en strid med innbyggerne i landet, fordi det ikke finnes sannhet, barmhjertighet eller kunnskap om Gud i landet.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Hear the word of the LORD, you children of Israel, for the LORD has a dispute with the inhabitants of the land, because there is no truth, nor mercy, nor knowledge of God in the land.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Hear the word of the LORD, ye children of Israel: for the LORD hath a controversy with the inhabitants of the land, because there is no truth, nor mercy, nor knowledge of God in the land.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Hør Herrens ord, Israels barn; For Herren har en anklage mot innbyggerne i landet: "Det er ingen sannhet, ingen godhet, ingen kunnskap om Gud i landet.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Hør Herrens ord, Israels sønner, for Herren har en sak med innbyggerne i landet, for det er ingen sannhet, ingen kjærlighet og ingen kunnskap om Gud i landet.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Hør Herrens ord, dere Israels barn; for Herren har en strid med dem som bor i landet, fordi det ikke finnes sannhet, ingen godhet, og ingen kunnskap om Gud i landet.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Hør Herrens ord, Israels barn, for Herren har en sak mot landets innbyggere, fordi det ikke er trofasthet, ingen barmhjertighet og ingen kunnskap om Gud i landet.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Heare ye worde of the LORDE, o ye children of Israel: For the LORDE must punysh the, yt dwel in the londe. And why? There is no faithfulnesse, there is no mercy, there is no knowlege of God in the lode:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Heare the worde of the Lord, ye children of Israel: for the Lord hath a controuersie with the inhabitants of the lande, because there is no trueth nor mercie nor knowledge of God in the lande.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Heare the worde of the Lorde O ye chyldren of Israel, for the Lord hath a controuersie with the inhabitauntes of the lande: for there is no trueth, there is no mercy, there is no knowledge of God in the lande.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ Hear the word of the LORD, ye children of Israel: for the LORD hath a controversy with the inhabitants of the land, because [there is] no truth, nor mercy, nor knowledge of God in the land.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Hear the word of Yahweh, you children of Israel; For Yahweh has a charge against the inhabitants of the land: "Indeed there is no truth, Nor goodness, Nor knowledge of God in the land.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `Hear a word of Jehovah, sons of Israel, For a strife `is' to Jehovah with inhabitants of the land, For there is no truth, nor kindness, Nor knowledge of God, in the land,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Hear the word of Jehovah, ye children of Israel; for Jehovah hath a controversy with the inhabitants of the land, because there is no truth, nor goodness, nor knowledge of God in the land.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Give ear to the word of the Lord, O children of Israel; for the Lord has a cause against the people of this land, because there is no good faith in it, and no mercy and no knowledge of God in the land.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Hear the word of Yahweh, you children of Israel; for Yahweh has a charge against the inhabitants of the land: "Indeed there is no truth, nor goodness, nor knowledge of God in the land.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The Lord’s Covenant Lawsuit against the Nation Israel Listen to the LORD’s message, you Israelites! For the LORD has a covenant lawsuit against the people of Israel. For there is neither faithfulness nor loyalty in the land, nor do they acknowledge God.

Referenced Verses

• Jer 4:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.4.22", "source": "כִּ֣י ׀ אֱוִ֣יל עַמִּ֗י אוֹתִי֙ לֹ֣א יָדָ֔עוּ בָּנִ֤ים סְכָלִים֙ הֵ֔מָּה וְלֹ֥א נְבוֹנִ֖ים הֵ֑מָּה חֲכָמִ֥ים הֵ֙מָּה֙ לְהָרַ֔ע וּלְהֵיטִ֖יב לֹ֥א יָדָֽעוּ׃", "text": "For *ʾĕwîl* my *ʿammî*, me not *yādāʿû*; *bānîm* *səḵālîm* they, and not *nəbônîm* they; *ḥăḵāmîm* they to *hāraʿ*, and to *hêṭîb* not *yādāʿû*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕwîl*": "adjective, masculine singular - foolish", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my people", "*yādāʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have known", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - children/sons", "*səḵālîm*": "masculine plural adjective - foolish/senseless", "*nəbônîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - understanding ones", "*ḥăḵāmîm*": "masculine plural adjective - wise/skilled", "*hāraʿ*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to do evil", "*hêṭîb*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to do good", "*yādāʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have known" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕwîl*": "foolish/stupid/silly", "*ʿammî*": "my people/nation/folk", "*yādāʿû*": "known/understood/perceived", "*bānîm*": "children/sons/descendants", "*səḵālîm*": "foolish/senseless/stupid", "*nəbônîm*": "understanding ones/discerning ones/intelligent ones", "*ḥăḵāmîm*": "wise/skilled/clever", "*hāraʿ*": "to do evil/harm/wrong", "*hêṭîb*": "to do good/act well/do right" } }
• Mic 6:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Micah.6.2", "source": "שִׁמְע֤וּ הָרִים֙ אֶת־רִ֣יב יְהוָ֔ה וְהָאֵתָנִ֖ים מֹ֣סְדֵי אָ֑רֶץ כִּ֣י רִ֤יב לַֽיהוָה֙ עִם־עַמּ֔וֹ וְעִם־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִתְוַכָּֽח׃", "text": "*šimʿû* *hārîm* *ʾet*-*rîb* *YHWH* *wə-hāʾētānîm* *mōsədê* *ʾāreṣ* *kî* *rîb* *la-YHWH* *ʿim*-*ʿammô* *wə-ʿim*-*yiśrāʾēl* *yitwakkāḥ*", "grammar": { "*šimʿû*": "imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen", "*hārîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the mountains", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*rîb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - dispute/contention of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*wə-hāʾētānîm*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and the enduring/ancient ones", "*mōsədê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - foundations of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*rîb*": "noun, masculine singular - dispute/contention", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - to/for YHWH", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*ʿammô*": "noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people", "*wə-ʿim*": "conjunction + preposition - and with", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yitwakkāḥ*": "hitpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will argue/reason" }, "variants": { "*rîb*": "dispute/contention/lawsuit/legal case", "*hāʾētānîm*": "enduring ones/ancient ones/mighty ones/foundations", "*yitwakkāḥ*": "argue/reason/reprove/dispute" } }
• Isa 3:13-14 : 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.3.13", "source": "נִצָּ֥ב לָרִ֖יב יְהוָ֑ה וְעֹמֵ֖ד לָדִ֥ין עַמִּֽים", "text": "*niṣṣāb* for-*rîb* *YHWH* and-*ʿōmēd* to-*dîn* *ʿammîm*", "grammar": { "*niṣṣāb*": "Niphal participle, masculine singular - standing/stationed", "*lārîb*": "preposition with Qal infinitive construct - to contend/dispute", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʿōmēd*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - standing", "*lādîn*": "preposition with Qal infinitive construct - to judge", "*ʿammîm*": "noun, masculine plural - peoples/nations" }, "variants": { "*niṣṣāb*": "standing/stationed/positioned", "*rîb*": "contend/dispute/controversy", "*ʿōmēd*": "standing/positioned/taking a stand", "*dîn*": "judge/plead a case/execute judgment", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes" } } 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.3.14", "source": "יְהוָה֙ בְּמִשְׁפָּ֣ט יָב֔וֹא עִם־זִקְנֵ֥י עַמּ֖וֹ וְשָׂרָ֑יו וְאַתֶּם֙ בִּֽעַרְתֶּ֣ם הַכֶּ֔רֶם גְּזֵלַ֥ת הֶֽעָנִ֖י בְּבָתֵּיכֶֽם", "text": "*YHWH* in-*mišpāṭ* *yābôʾ* with-*ziqnê* *ʿammô* and-*śārāyw*; and-*ʾattem* *biʿartem* the-*kerem*, *gəzēlat* the-*ʿānî* in-*bāttêkem*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*bəmišpāṭ*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - in judgment", "*yābôʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will come/enter", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*ziqnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - elders of", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people", "*śārāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his princes", "*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you", "*biʿartem*": "Piel perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you have consumed/destroyed", "*hakerem*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the vineyard", "*gəzēlat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - plunder of", "*heʿānî*": "definite adjective, masculine singular - the poor/afflicted", "*bəbāttêkem*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your houses" }, "variants": { "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal case", "*bôʾ*": "come/enter/arrive", "*zāqēn*": "elder/old man/aged one", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/folk", "*śar*": "prince/official/captain", "*biʿēr*": "consumed/destroyed/burned", "*kerem*": "vineyard/orchard/plantation", "*gəzēlāh*": "plunder/spoil/what is stolen", "*ʿānî*": "poor/afflicted/humble", "*bayit*": "house/home/household" } }
• Jer 5:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.4", "source": "וַאֲנִ֣י אָמַ֔רְתִּי אַךְ־דַּלִּ֖ים הֵ֑ם נוֹאֲל֕וּ כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יָדְעוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְהוָ֔ה מִשְׁפַּ֖ט אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *'ănî* *'āmartî*, surely-*dallîm* they are; they *nô'ălû* because not they *yādə'û* *derek* *YHWH*, *mišpaṭ* their *'ĕlōhîm*.", "grammar": { "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*'ănî*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*'āmartî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I said", "*'ak*": "adverb - surely/only/indeed", "*dallîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - poor/low/weak", "*hēm*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine plural - they", "*nô'ălû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, niphal - they became foolish", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*yādə'û*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they knew", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way/road/manner", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment/justice", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God" }, "variants": { "*dallîm*": "poor/weak/insignificant/low", "*nô'ălû*": "they became foolish/were senseless/acted foolishly", "*derek*": "way/road/path/manner/conduct", "*mišpaṭ*": "judgment/justice/ordinance/custom" } }
• Jer 25:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.25.31", "source": "בָּ֤א שָׁאוֹן֙ עַד־קְצֵ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֣י רִ֤יב לַֽיהוָה֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם נִשְׁפָּ֥ט ה֖וּא לְכָל־בָּשָׂ֑ר הָרְשָׁעִ֛ים נְתָנָ֥ם לַחֶ֖רֶב נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*Bāʾ* *šāʾôn* unto-*qəṣēh* *hāʾāreṣ* because *rîb* to-*YHWH* with-*haggôyîm* *nišpāṭ* *hûʾ* to-all-*bāśār* *hārəšāʿîm* *nətānām* to-*ḥereb* *nəʾum*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*Bāʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it has come", "*šāʾôn*": "noun, masculine singular - tumult/noise", "*qəṣēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - end of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*rîb*": "noun, masculine singular - controversy/dispute", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*haggôyîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the nations", "*nišpāṭ*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - entering into judgment", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he", "*bāśār*": "noun, masculine singular - flesh", "*hārəšāʿîm*": "adjective, masculine plural with definite article - the wicked", "*nətānām*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - he has given them", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of" }, "variants": { "*šāʾôn*": "tumult/noise/roaring/clamor", "*rîb*": "controversy/dispute/legal case/lawsuit", "*nišpāṭ*": "entering into judgment/bringing to trial/contending legally", "*bāśār*": "flesh/body/all living beings", "*hārəšāʿîm*": "the wicked/the guilty/the unrighteous", "*ḥereb*": "sword/destruction/violence" } }
• Hos 12:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Hosea.12.2", "source": "אֶפְרַ֜יִם רֹעֶ֥ה ר֙וּחַ֙ וְרֹדֵ֣ף קָדִ֔ים כָּל־הַיּ֕וֹם כָּזָ֥ב וָשֹׁ֖ד יַרְבֶּ֑ה וּבְרִית֙ עִם־אַשּׁ֣וּר יִכְרֹ֔תוּ וְשֶׁ֖מֶן לְמִצְרַ֥יִם יוּבָֽל׃", "text": "*ʾeprayim* *rōʿeh* *rûaḥ* *wĕ*-*rōdēp* *qādîm* all-*ha-yôm* *kāzāb* *wā-šōd* *yarbeh* *û-bĕrît* with-*ʾaššûr* *yikrōtû* *wĕ-šemen* to-*miṣrayim* *yûbāl*", "grammar": { "*ʾeprayim*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ephraim (tribe/kingdom)", "*rōʿeh*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - shepherding/feeding on", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular - wind/spirit/breath", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*rōdēp*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - pursuing/chasing", "*qādîm*": "noun, masculine singular - east wind", "*ha-yôm*": "definite article + noun - the day", "*kāzāb*": "noun, masculine singular - lie/falsehood", "*wā-šōd*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and destruction/violence", "*yarbeh*": "verb, hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - multiplies/increases", "*û-bĕrît*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and covenant/treaty", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*yikrōtû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd plural - they cut/make", "*wĕ-šemen*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and oil", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*yûbāl*": "verb, hophal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - is carried/brought" }, "variants": { "*rōʿeh*": "shepherds/feeds on/pursues", "*rûaḥ*": "wind/spirit/breath/emptiness", "*qādîm*": "east wind/scorching wind", "*kāzāb*": "lying/falsehood/deception", "*šōd*": "destruction/violence/devastation", "*yikrōtû*": "they cut/they make/they establish" } }
• Amos 7:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Amos.7.16", "source": "וְעַתָּ֖ה שְׁמַ֣ע דְּבַר־יְהוָ֑ה אַתָּ֣ה אֹמֵ֗ר לֹ֤א תִנָּבֵא֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְלֹ֥א תַטִּ֖יף עַל־בֵּ֥ית יִשְׂחָֽק׃", "text": "And-now *šəmaʿ* *debar*-*YHWH* *ʾattāh* *ʾōmēr* *lōʾ* *tinnābēʾ* *ʿal*-*yiśrāʾēl* and-*lōʾ* *taṭṭîp* *ʿal*-*bêt* *yiśḥāq*.", "grammar": { "*weʿattāh*": "conjunction with adverb - and now", "*šəmaʿ*": "qal imperative, masc. singular - hear/listen", "*debar*": "noun, masc. singular construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masc. singular pronoun - you", "*ʾōmēr*": "qal participle, masc. singular - saying", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tinnābēʾ*": "niphal imperfect, 2nd masc. singular - you shall prophesy", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against/concerning", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*taṭṭîp*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd masc. singular - you shall drip/preach", "*bêt*": "noun, masc. singular construct - house of", "*yiśḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac" }, "variants": { "*taṭṭîp*": "drip/preach/prophesy" } }
• Jer 34:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.34.4", "source": "אַ֚ךְ שְׁמַ֣ע דְּבַר־יְהוָ֔ה צִדְקִיָּ֖הוּ מֶ֣לֶךְ יְהוּדָ֑ה כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ עָלֶ֔יךָ לֹ֥א תָמ֖וּת בֶּחָֽרֶב׃", "text": "But *šəmaʿ* *dəbar*-*yhwh*, *ṣidqiyyāhû* *melek* *yəhûdāh*, thus-*ʾāmar* *yhwh* concerning you, not *tāmût* by the *ḥāreb*", "grammar": { "*šəmaʿ*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - hear/listen to", "*dəbar*": "noun, masculine, construct - word of", "*yhwh*": "proper noun, divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ṣidqiyyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine - Zedekiah", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, construct - king of", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*tāmût*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will die", "*ḥāreb*": "noun, feminine, singular, definite - the sword" }, "variants": { "*šəmaʿ*": "hear/listen/pay attention to", "*dəbar*": "word/statement/message/command", "*tāmût*": "die/perish", "*ḥāreb*": "sword/weapon" } }
• Hos 5:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Hosea.5.1", "source": "שִׁמְעוּ־זֹ֨את הַכֹּהֲנִ֜ים וְהַקְשִׁ֣יבוּ ׀ בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וּבֵ֤ית הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ הַאֲזִ֔ינוּ כִּ֥י לָכֶ֖ם הַמִּשְׁפָּ֑ט כִּֽי־פַח֙ הֱיִיתֶ֣ם לְמִצְפָּ֔ה וְרֶ֖שֶׁת פְּרוּשָׂ֥ה עַל־תָּבֽוֹר׃", "text": "*Šimʿû*-this, the *kōhănîm*, *wə*-*haqšîḇû* house of *Yiśrāʾēl*, *û*-house of the *meleḵ* *haʾăzînû*, for to-you the *mišpāṭ*; for-*paḥ* you-have-been to-*Miṣpâ*, *wə*-*rešeṯ* *pərûśâ* upon-*Tāḇôr*.", "grammar": { "*Šimʿû*": "imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen", "*kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine plural - priests", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*haqšîḇû*": "imperative, masculine plural - pay attention/listen closely", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king", "*haʾăzînû*": "imperative, masculine plural - give ear/listen", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - judgment/justice", "*paḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - trap/snare", "*Miṣpâ*": "proper noun - Mizpah", "*rešeṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - net", "*pərûśâ*": "participle, passive, feminine singular - spread out", "*Tāḇôr*": "proper noun - Tabor" }, "variants": { "*Šimʿû*": "hear/listen/obey", "*kōhănîm*": "priests", "*haqšîḇû*": "pay attention/give heed/listen carefully", "*haʾăzînû*": "give ear/listen attentively", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision/case", "*paḥ*": "trap/snare/bird trap", "*rešeṯ*": "net/trap/snare", "*pərûśâ*": "spread out/extended/deployed" } }
• Mic 7:2-5 : 2 { "verseID": "Micah.7.2", "source": "אָבַ֤ד חָסִיד֙ מִן־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְיָשָׁ֥ר בָּאָדָ֖ם אָ֑יִן כֻּלָּם֙ לְדָמִ֣ים יֶאֱרֹ֔בוּ אִ֥ישׁ אֶת־אָחִ֖יהוּ יָצ֥וּדוּ חֵֽרֶם׃", "text": "*ʾābad* *ḥāsîd* from-the-*ʾāreṣ*, and-*yāšār* among-*ʾādām* *ʾāyin*; *kullām* for-*dāmîm* *yeʾĕrōbû*, *ʾîš* *ʾet*-his brother *yāṣûdû* *ḥērem*.", "grammar": { "*ʾābad*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has perished/disappeared", "*ḥāsîd*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - godly/pious person", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land/earth", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yāšār*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - upright person", "*bā-ʾādām*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - among men/humanity", "*ʾāyin*": "particle of negation - there is not/none", "*kullām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - all of them", "*lə-dāmîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - for blood/bloodshed", "*yeʾĕrōbû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they lie in wait/ambush", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each one", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾāḥîhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*yāṣûdû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they hunt/trap", "*ḥērem*": "masculine singular noun - net/ban/destruction" }, "variants": { "*ʾābad*": "perished/disappeared/vanished", "*ḥāsîd*": "godly person/pious one/faithful one", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory", "*yāšār*": "upright person/honest one/just person", "*ʾādām*": "mankind/humanity/people", "*dāmîm*": "blood/bloodshed/blood-guilt", "*yeʾĕrōbû*": "lie in wait/ambush/lurk", "*yāṣûdû*": "hunt/trap/catch", "*ḥērem*": "net/ban/destruction/devoted thing" } } 3 { "verseID": "Micah.7.3", "source": "עַל־הָרַ֤ע כַּפַּ֙יִם֙ לְהֵיטִ֔יב הַשַּׂ֣ר שֹׁאֵ֔ל וְהַשֹּׁפֵ֖ט בַּשִׁלּ֑וּם וְהַגָּד֗וֹל דֹּבֵ֨ר הַוַּ֥ת נַפְשׁ֛וֹ ה֖וּא וַֽיְעַבְּתֽוּהָ׃", "text": "Upon-the-*raʿ* *kappayim* to do well, the-*śar* *šōʾēl* and-the-*šōpēṭ* for-*šillûm*, and-the-*gādōl* *dōbēr* *hawwat* *napəšô* he, and-*yəʿabbətûhā*.", "grammar": { "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/concerning", "*hā-raʿ*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the evil", "*kappayim*": "feminine dual noun - both hands/palms", "*lə-hêṭîb*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to do well/make good", "*ha-śar*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the prince/official", "*šōʾēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - asking/demanding", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ha-šōpēṭ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the judge", "*ba-šillûm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - for payment/reward", "*ha-gādōl*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the great one/important person", "*dōbēr*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - speaking", "*hawwat*": "construct feminine singular noun - desire/craving of", "*napəšô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul", "*hû*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he/it", "*wa-yəʿabbətûhā*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - they twist/pervert it" }, "variants": { "*raʿ*": "evil/wickedness/injury", "*kappayim*": "hands/palms/both hands", "*lə-hêṭîb*": "to do well/do good/make good", "*śar*": "prince/ruler/official/chief", "*šōʾēl*": "asks/demands/requires", "*šōpēṭ*": "judge/ruler/adjudicator", "*šillûm*": "payment/reward/bribe/recompense", "*gādōl*": "great one/important person/noble", "*hawwat*": "desire/craving/mischief of", "*napəšô*": "his soul/his desire/himself", "*yəʿabbətûhā*": "they twist it/pervert it/distort it/weave it" } } 4 { "verseID": "Micah.7.4", "source": "טוֹבָ֣ם כְּחֵ֔דֶק יָשָׁ֖ר מִמְּסוּכָ֑ה י֤וֹם מְצַפֶּ֙יךָ֙ פְּקֻדָּתְךָ֣ בָ֔אָה עַתָּ֥ה תִהְיֶ֖ה מְבוּכָתָֽם׃", "text": "Their *ṭôb* like *ḥēdeq*, *yāšār* like *məsûkāh*; *yôm* your *məṣappêkā* your *pəquddātəkā* *bāʾāh*, now *tihyeh* their *məbûkātām*.", "grammar": { "*ṭôbām*": "masculine singular adjective with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their best/good one", "*kə*": "preposition - like/as", "*ḥēdeq*": "masculine singular noun - brier/thorn", "*yāšār*": "masculine singular adjective/noun - upright person/straight one", "*min*": "preposition - from/than/out of", "*məsûkāh*": "feminine singular noun - hedge/thorn hedge", "*yôm*": "masculine singular construct noun - day of", "*məṣappêkā*": "Piel participle, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your watchmen/lookouts", "*pəquddātəkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your punishment/visitation", "*bāʾāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - has come", "*ʿattāh*": "adverb - now", "*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will be", "*məbûkātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their confusion/bewilderment" }, "variants": { "*ṭôb*": "good/best/most upright", "*ḥēdeq*": "brier/thorn/bramble", "*yāšār*": "upright person/straight one/honest person", "*məsûkāh*": "hedge/thorn hedge/barrier", "*məṣappêkā*": "your watchmen/lookouts/guards", "*pəquddātəkā*": "your punishment/visitation/judgment day", "*məbûkātām*": "their confusion/bewilderment/consternation" } } 5 { "verseID": "Micah.7.5", "source": "אַל־תַּאֲמִ֣ינוּ בְרֵ֔עַ אַֽל־תִּבְטְח֖וּ בְּאַלּ֑וּף מִשֹּׁכֶ֣בֶת חֵיקֶ֔ךָ שְׁמֹ֖ר פִּתְחֵי־פִֽיךָ׃", "text": "Not *taʾămînû* in-*rêaʿ*, not *tibṭəḥû* in-*ʾallûp*; from-*šōkebet* your *ḥêqeká* *šəmōr* *pitḥê*-your mouth.", "grammar": { "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*taʾămînû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - trust/believe", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*rêaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - friend/companion/neighbor", "*tibṭəḥû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - trust/rely on", "*ʾallûp*": "masculine singular noun - close friend/confidant/chief", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*šōkebet*": "Qal participle, feminine singular construct - one lying in", "*ḥêqeká*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your bosom/embrace", "*šəmōr*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - guard/keep", "*pitḥê*": "masculine plural construct noun - openings of", "*pîkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your mouth" }, "variants": { "*taʾămînû*": "trust/believe/have faith in", "*rêaʿ*": "friend/companion/neighbor/associate", "*tibṭəḥû*": "trust/rely on/have confidence in", "*ʾallûp*": "close friend/confidant/chief/intimate companion", "*šōkebet*": "one who lies in/woman who lies in", "*ḥêqeká*": "your bosom/lap/embrace", "*šəmōr*": "guard/keep/watch", "*pitḥê-pîkā*": "openings of your mouth/what you say/your words" } }
• John 8:55 : 55 { "verseID": "John.8.55", "source": "Καὶ οὐκ ἐγνώκατε αὐτόν· ἐγὼ δὲ οἶδα αὐτόν: καὶ ἐὰν εἴπω, ὅτι οὐκ οἶδα αὐτόν, ἔσομαι ὅμοιος ὑμῶν ψεύστης: ἀλλʼ οἶδα αὐτόν, καὶ τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ τηρῶ.", "text": "And not *egnōkate auton*; *egō de oida auton*: and if *eipō*, that not *oida auton*, *esomai homoios hymōn pseustēs*: but *oida auton*, and the *logon autou tērō*.", "grammar": { "*egnōkate*": "perfect active, 2nd plural - you have known", "*auton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - him", "*egō*": "nominative, singular - I", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*oida*": "perfect with present meaning, 1st singular - I know", "*eipō*": "aorist subjunctive, 1st singular - I might say", "*esomai*": "future, 1st singular - I will be", "*homoios*": "adjective, nominative, masculine - like/similar", "*hymōn*": "genitive, plural - your/of you", "*pseustēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - liar", "*logon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - word", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - his/of him", "*tērō*": "present indicative, 1st singular - I keep" }, "variants": { "*egnōkate*": "have known/have understood/have recognized", "*oida*": "know/have knowledge of [perfect with present meaning]", "*homoios*": "like/similar/resembling", "*pseustēs*": "liar/false one", "*tērō*": "keep/observe/guard" } }
• Rom 1:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Romans.1.28", "source": "Καὶ καθὼς οὐκ ἐδοκίμασαν τὸν Θεὸν ἔχειν ἐν ἐπιγνώσει, παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς ὁ Θεὸς εἰς ἀδόκιμον νοῦν, ποιεῖν τὰ μὴ καθήκοντα·", "text": "*Kai* *kathōs* *ouk* *edokimasan* the *Theon* *echein* *en* *epignōsei*, *paredōken* *autous* the *Theos* *eis* *adokimon* *noun*, *poiein* the *mē* *kathēkonta*·", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*kathōs*": "adverb - just as", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*edokimasan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they approved", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God", "*echein*": "present active infinitive - to have/retain", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*epignōsei*": "dative, feminine, singular - knowledge", "*paredōken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he gave over", "*autous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, personal pronoun - them", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - to", "*adokimon*": "accusative, masculine, singular, adjective - debased/reprobate", "*noun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - mind", "*poiein*": "present active infinitive - to do", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*kathēkonta*": "present active participle, accusative, neuter, plural - fitting/proper things" }, "variants": { "*edokimasan*": "they approved/thought fit/tested", "*echein*": "to have/retain/acknowledge", "*epignōsei*": "knowledge/recognition/full knowledge", "*paredōken*": "he gave over/delivered/handed over", "*adokimon*": "debased/reprobate/unapproved", "*noun*": "mind/understanding/intellect", "*kathēkonta*": "fitting/proper/appropriate things" } }
• 1 Cor 15:34 : 34 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.15.34", "source": "Ἐκνήψατε δικαίως, καὶ μὴ ἁμαρτάνετε· ἀγνωσίαν γὰρ Θεοῦ τινες ἔχουσιν: πρὸς ἐντροπὴν ὑμῖν λέγω.", "text": "*Eknēpsate dikaiōs*, and not *hamartanete*; *agnōsian gar Theou* some *echousin*: *pros entropēn hymin legō*.", "grammar": { "*eknēpsate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd plural - become sober/wake up", "*dikaiōs*": "adverb - righteously/properly", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*hamartanete*": "present active imperative, 2nd plural - sin", "*agnōsian*": "accusative feminine singular - ignorance/lack of knowledge", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*Theou*": "genitive masculine singular - of God", "*tines*": "indefinite pronoun, nominative masculine plural - some", "*echousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd plural - they have", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - toward", "*entropēn*": "accusative feminine singular - shame/embarrassment", "*hymin*": "personal pronoun, dative plural - to you", "*legō*": "present active indicative, 1st singular - I speak/say" }, "variants": { "*eknēpsate*": "wake up/become sober/return to sobriety", "*dikaiōs*": "righteously/properly/as is right", "*hamartanete*": "sin/miss the mark/err", "*agnōsian*": "ignorance/lack of knowledge", "*Theou*": "of God/God's", "*echousin*": "have/possess/hold", "*pros entropēn*": "to shame/to embarrassment/to move to shame", "*legō*": "speak/say/tell" } }
• Rev 2:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Revelation.2.11", "source": "Ὁ ἔχων οὖς, ἀκουσάτω τί τὸ Πνεῦμα λέγει ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις· Ὁ νικῶν οὐ μὴ ἀδικηθῇ ἐκ τοῦ θανάτου τοῦ δευτέρου.", "text": "The *echōn ous*, *akousatō* what the *Pneuma legei* to-the *ekklēsiais*: The *nikōn* not not *adikēthē* from the *thanatou* the *deuterou*.", "grammar": { "*echōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having", "*ous*": "accusative, neuter, singular - ear", "*akousatō*": "aorist imperative, 3rd singular - let him hear", "*Pneuma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - Spirit", "*legei*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - says/speaks", "*ekklēsiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - to assemblies/churches", "*nikōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular - conquering", "not not": "emphatic negation (οὐ μὴ) - certainly not", "*adikēthē*": "aorist subjunctive passive, 3rd singular - might be harmed", "*thanatou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of death", "*deuterou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - second" }, "variants": { "*echōn ous*": "having ear/one who has an ear", "*Pneuma*": "Spirit/Breath/Wind", "*ekklēsiais*": "assemblies/churches/congregations", "*nikōn*": "conquering/overcoming/being victorious", "*adikēthē*": "be harmed/be injured/be wronged", "*thanatou deuterou*": "second death" } }
• Rev 2:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Revelation.2.29", "source": "Ὁ ἔχων οὖς, ἀκουσάτω τί τὸ Πνεῦμα λέγει ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις.", "text": "The *echōn ous*, *akousatō* what the *Pneuma legei* to-the *ekklēsiais*.", "grammar": { "*echōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having", "*ous*": "accusative, neuter, singular - ear", "*akousatō*": "aorist imperative, 3rd singular - let him hear", "*Pneuma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - Spirit", "*legei*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - says/speaks", "*ekklēsiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - to assemblies/churches" }, "variants": { "*echōn ous*": "having ear/one who has an ear", "*Pneuma*": "Spirit/Breath/Wind", "*ekklēsiais*": "assemblies/churches/congregations" } }
• Jer 6:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.13", "source": "כִּ֤י מִקְּטַנָּם֙ וְעַד־גְּדוֹלָ֔ם כֻּלּ֖וֹ בּוֹצֵ֣עַ בָּ֑צַע וּמִנָּבִיא֙ וְעַד־כֹּהֵ֔ן כֻּלּ֖וֹ עֹ֥שֶׂה שָּֽׁקֶר׃", "text": "For from-their-*qəṭannām* and-to-their-*gədôlām* all-of-him *bôṣēaʿ* *bāṣaʿ* and-from-*nābîʾ* and-to-*kōhēn* all-of-him *ʿōśeh* *šāqer*.", "grammar": { "*qəṭannām*": "adjective, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their small/least", "*gədôlām*": "adjective, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their great/greatest", "*bôṣēaʿ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - one who cuts off/profits", "*bāṣaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - unjust gain/profit", "*nābîʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - prophet", "*kōhēn*": "noun, masculine singular - priest", "*ʿōśeh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - doer/maker of", "*šāqer*": "noun, masculine singular - falsehood/deception" }, "variants": { "*bôṣēaʿ*": "one who cuts off/profits/gains dishonestly", "*bāṣaʿ*": "unjust gain/profit/dishonest gain", "*šāqer*": "falsehood/deception/lie" } }
• Jer 7:2-6 : 2 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.2", "source": "עֲמֹ֗ד בְּשַׁ֙עַר֙ בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וְקָרָ֣אתָ שָּׁ֔ם אֶת־הַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה וְאָמַרְתָּ֞ שִׁמְע֣וּ דְבַר־יְהוָ֗ה כָּל־יְהוּדָה֙ הַבָּאִים֙ בַּשְּׁעָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה לְהִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֖ת לַיהוָֽה׃", "text": "*ʿămōd* in *šaʿar* *bêt YHWH* *wĕ*-*qārāʾtā* there *ʾet*-the *dābār* the-this *wĕ*-*ʾāmartā* *šimʿû* *dĕbar*-*YHWH* all-*Yĕhûdāh* the-*bāʾîm* in-the-*šĕʿārîm* the-these *lĕhištaḥăwōt* to-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ʿămōd*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - stand", "*šaʿar*": "construct noun, masculine singular - gate of", "*bêt*": "construct noun, masculine singular - house of", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*qārāʾtā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall call/proclaim", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dābār*": "definite noun, masculine singular - word/message", "*ʾāmartā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall say", "*šimʿû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen", "*dĕbar*": "construct noun, masculine singular - word of", "*Yĕhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*bāʾîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - those who enter/come", "*šĕʿārîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - gates", "*lĕhištaḥăwōt*": "Hitpael infinitive construct - to worship/bow down" }, "variants": { "*ʿămōd*": "stand/take position", "*šaʿar*": "gate/entrance", "*qārāʾtā*": "proclaim/call out/read aloud", "*dābār*": "word/message/matter", "*šimʿû*": "hear/listen/obey", "*bāʾîm*": "entering/coming in", "*lĕhištaḥăwōt*": "to worship/to bow down/to prostrate oneself" } } 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.3", "source": "כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הֵיטִ֥יבוּ דַרְכֵיכֶ֖ם וּמַֽעַלְלֵיכֶ֑ם וַאֲשַׁכְּנָ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם בַּמָּק֖וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "Thus-*ʾāmar YHWH ṣĕbāʾôt ʾĕlōhê Yiśrāʾēl hêṭîbû* your-*darkêkem* and-your-*maʿallêkem wĕ*-*ʾăšakkĕnāh* you in-the-*māqôm* the-this", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/says", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ṣĕbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - hosts/armies of", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hêṭîbû*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine plural - make good/improve", "*darkêkem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your ways", "*maʿallêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your doings/actions", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾăšakkĕnāh*": "Piel cohortative, 1st singular - I will cause to dwell", "*māqôm*": "definite noun, masculine singular - place" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/says/spoke", "*ṣĕbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/battalions", "*hêṭîbû*": "improve/make good/amend", "*darkêkem*": "your ways/paths/conduct", "*maʿallêkem*": "your deeds/actions/practices", "*ʾăšakkĕnāh*": "I will cause to dwell/I will let live/I will settle" } } 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.4", "source": "אַל־תִּבְטְח֣וּ לָכֶ֔ם אֶל־דִּבְרֵ֥י הַשֶּׁ֖קֶר לֵאמֹ֑ר הֵיכַ֤ל יְהוָה֙ הֵיכַ֣ל יְהוָ֔ה הֵיכַ֥ל יְהוָ֖ה הֵֽמָּה׃", "text": "Not-*tibṭĕḥû* to-you to-*dibrê* the-*šeqer* *lēʾmōr* *hêkal YHWH hêkal YHWH hêkal YHWH hēmmāh*", "grammar": { "*tibṭĕḥû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - trust/rely", "*dibrê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - words of", "*šeqer*": "definite noun, masculine singular - falsehood/lie", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hêkal*": "noun, masculine singular - temple/palace", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*hēmmāh*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they/these" }, "variants": { "*tibṭĕḥû*": "trust/rely/depend on", "*dibrê*": "words/sayings/phrases", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*hêkal*": "temple/palace/sanctuary", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say/as follows" } } 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.5", "source": "כִּ֤י אִם־הֵיטֵיב֙ תֵּיטִ֔יבוּ אֶת־דַּרְכֵיכֶ֖ם וְאֶת־מַֽעַלְלֵיכֶ֑ם אִם־עָשׂ֤וֹ תַֽעֲשׂוּ֙ מִשְׁפָּ֔ט בֵּ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ וּבֵ֥ין רֵעֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "For if-*hêṭêb têṭîbû* *ʾet*-your-*darkêkem wĕ*-*ʾet*-your-*maʿallêkem* if-*ʿāśô taʿăśû mišpāṭ* between *ʾîš* and-between *rēʿēhû*", "grammar": { "*hêṭêb*": "infinitive absolute, Hiphil - thoroughly", "*têṭîbû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you amend/improve", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*darkêkem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your ways", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*maʿallêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your doings/actions", "*ʿāśô*": "infinitive absolute, Qal - thoroughly", "*taʿăśû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you do/execute", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice/judgment", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*rēʿēhû*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neighbor" }, "variants": { "*hêṭêb têṭîbû*": "thoroughly amend/truly improve/completely reform", "*darkêkem*": "your ways/conduct/behavior", "*maʿallêkem*": "your deeds/actions/practices", "*ʿāśô taʿăśû*": "thoroughly execute/truly perform/completely do", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/legal decision", "*ʾîš*": "man/person/each one", "*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/fellow/companion" } } 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.6", "source": "גֵּ֣ר יָת֤וֹם וְאַלְמָנָה֙ לֹ֣א תַֽעֲשֹׁ֔קוּ וְדָ֣ם נָקִ֔י אַֽל־תִּשְׁפְּכ֖וּ בַּמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וְאַחֲרֵ֨י אֱלֹהִ֧ים אֲחֵרִ֛ים לֹ֥א תֵלְכ֖וּ לְרַ֥ע לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "*gēr yātôm wĕ*-*ʾalmānāh* not *taʿăšōqû wĕ*-*dām nāqî* not-*tišpĕkû* in-the-*māqôm* the-this *wĕ*-after *ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm* not *tēlĕkû* to-evil to-you", "grammar": { "*gēr*": "noun, masculine singular - stranger/sojourner", "*yātôm*": "noun, masculine singular - orphan/fatherless", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾalmānāh*": "noun, feminine singular - widow", "*taʿăšōqû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you oppress", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*nāqî*": "adjective, masculine singular - innocent", "*tišpĕkû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shed/pour out", "*māqôm*": "definite noun, masculine singular - place", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other/strange", "*tēlĕkû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you walk/follow" }, "variants": { "*gēr*": "stranger/sojourner/resident alien", "*yātôm*": "orphan/fatherless child", "*ʾalmānāh*": "widow", "*taʿăšōqû*": "oppress/exploit/treat unjustly", "*dām nāqî*": "innocent blood", "*tišpĕkû*": "shed/pour out/spill", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*tēlĕkû*": "walk/follow/go after" } }
• Jer 7:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.28", "source": "וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם זֶ֤ה הַגּוֹי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֽוֹא־שָׁמְע֗וּ בְּקוֹל֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהָ֔יו וְלֹ֥א לָקְח֖וּ מוּסָ֑ר אָֽבְדָה֙ הָֽאֱמוּנָ֔ה וְנִכְרְתָ֖ה מִפִּיהֶֽם׃ ס", "text": "And-*ʾāmartā ʾălêhem zeh haggôy ʾăšer lōʾ-šāməʿû bəqôl YHWH ʾĕlōhāyw wəlōʾ lāqəḥû mûsār ʾābədāh hāʾĕmûnāh wənikrətāh mippîhem*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and you shall say", "*ʾălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*haggôy*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the nation", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*lōʾ-šāməʿû*": "negative particle + qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - did not listen", "*bəqôl*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - to voice of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his God", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*lāqəḥû*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - they received/took", "*mûsār*": "masculine singular noun - discipline/correction/instruction", "*ʾābədāh*": "qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - has perished", "*hāʾĕmûnāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the faithfulness/truth", "*wənikrətāh*": "niphal perfect 3rd person feminine singular with vav consecutive - and is cut off", "*mippîhem*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from their mouth" }, "variants": { "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*šāməʿû*": "listened/heard/obeyed", "*lāqəḥû*": "they received/they took/they accepted", "*mûsār*": "discipline/correction/instruction", "*ʾābədāh*": "has perished/has been destroyed/has been lost", "*ʾĕmûnāh*": "faithfulness/truthfulness/steadfastness", "*nikrətāh*": "is cut off/is removed/is separated" } }
• Jer 9:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.20", "source": "כִּֽי־עָ֤לָה מָ֙וֶת֙ בְּחַלּוֹנֵ֔ינוּ בָּ֖א בְּאַרְמְנוֹתֵ֑ינוּ לְהַכְרִ֤ית עוֹלָל֙ מִח֔וּץ בַּחוּרִ֖ים מֵרְחֹבֽוֹת׃", "text": "*kî*-*'ālāh* *māwet* through-*ḥallônênû* *bā'* into-*'armĕnôtênû* to-*hakrît* *'ôlāl* from-*ḥûṣ* *baḥûrîm* from-*rĕḥōbôt*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*'ālāh*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - has come up", "*māwet*": "masculine noun - death", "*ḥallônênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix and prefixed preposition - through our windows", "*bā'*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - it has entered", "*'armĕnôtênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix and prefixed preposition - into our palaces", "*hakrît*": "infinitive construct, hiphil with prefixed preposition - to cut off", "*'ôlāl*": "masculine singular noun - child", "*ḥûṣ*": "masculine noun with prefixed preposition - from outside", "*baḥûrîm*": "masculine plural noun - young men", "*rĕḥōbôt*": "feminine plural noun with prefixed preposition - from streets" }, "variants": { "*kî*": "for/because/indeed", "*'ālāh*": "has come up/ascended/climbed", "*māwet*": "death/dying/mortality", "*ḥallônênû*": "our windows/openings", "*bā'*": "it has entered/come/arrived", "*'armĕnôtênû*": "our palaces/citadels/fortresses", "*hakrît*": "to cut off/destroy/eliminate", "*'ôlāl*": "child/infant/little one", "*ḥûṣ*": "outside/street/outdoors", "*baḥûrîm*": "young men/youths/chosen ones", "*rĕḥōbôt*": "streets/broad places/public squares" } }
• Jer 19:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.19.3", "source": "וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֙ שִׁמְע֣וּ דְבַר־יְהוָ֔ה מַלְכֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וְיֹשְׁבֵ֖י יְרֽוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם כֹּֽה־אָמַר֩ יְהוָ֨ה צְבָא֜וֹת אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל הִנְנִ֨י מֵבִ֤יא רָעָה֙ עַל־הַמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּל־שֹׁמְעָ֖הּ תִּצַּ֥לְנָה אָזְנָֽיו׃", "text": "And-*ʾāmartā* *šimʿû* *dəḇar*-*Yhwh* *malḵê* *Yəhûdāh* and-*yōšḇê* *Yərûšālāim*; thus-*ʾāmar* *Yhwh* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiśrāʾēl*, *hinənî* *mēḇîʾ* *rāʿāh* upon-the-*māqôm* the-this, *ʾăšer* all-*šōməʿāh* *tiṣṣalnāh* *ʾoznāyw*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall say", "*šimʿû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen", "*dəḇar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*Yhwh*": "proper noun - LORD/YHWH", "*malḵê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - kings of", "*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*yōšḇê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*Yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hinənî*": "interjection + 1st common singular suffix - behold me", "*mēḇîʾ*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - bringing", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - evil/disaster", "*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular - place", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*šōməʿāh*": "qal participle, masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - hearing it", "*tiṣṣalnāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will tingle", "*ʾoznāyw*": "noun, feminine dual + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his ears" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmartā*": "say/speak/tell", "*šimʿû*": "hear/listen/obey", "*dəḇar*": "word/speech/matter", "*malḵê*": "kings/rulers", "*yōšḇê*": "inhabitants/dwellers/residents", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "hosts/armies/multitudes", "*hinənî*": "behold me/here I am", "*mēḇîʾ*": "bringing/causing to come", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/calamity/disaster/misfortune", "*māqôm*": "place/location/site", "*šōməʿāh*": "hearing it/listening to it", "*tiṣṣalnāh*": "will tingle/ring/buzz", "*ʾoznāyw*": "his ears" } }
• Jer 4:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.4.28", "source": "עַל זֹאת֙ תֶּאֱבַ֣ל הָאָ֔רֶץ וְקָדְר֥וּ הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם מִמָּ֑עַל עַ֤ל כִּי־דִבַּ֙רְתִּי֙ זַמֹּ֔תִי וְלֹ֥א נִחַ֖מְתִּי וְלֹא־אָשׁ֥וּב מִמֶּֽנָּה׃", "text": "On *zōʾt* *teʾĕbal* the *ʾāreṣ* and *qādərû* the *šāmayim* from above; because I *dibbartî* I *zammōtî* and not *niḥamtî* and not *ʾāšûb* from it", "grammar": { "*zōʾt*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*teʾĕbal*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will mourn", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*qādərû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural + vav consecutive - will be darkened", "*šāmayim*": "masculine plural noun - heavens/sky", "*dibbartî*": "piel perfect, 1st singular - I have spoken", "*zammōtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I have purposed", "*niḥamtî*": "niphal perfect, 1st singular - I have relented/repented", "*ʾāšûb*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will turn back" }, "variants": { "*zōʾt*": "this/this thing", "*teʾĕbal*": "mourn/lament/grieve", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*qādərû*": "be darkened/mourn/grow dark", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky/firmament", "*dibbartî*": "spoken/said/declared", "*zammōtî*": "purposed/planned/determined", "*niḥamtî*": "relented/repented/changed my mind", "*ʾāšûb*": "turn back/return/withdraw" } }
• 1 Kgs 22:19 : 19 { "verseID": "1 Kings.22.19", "source": "וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לָכֵ֖ן שְׁמַ֣ע דְּבַר־יְהוָ֑ה רָאִ֤יתִי אֶת־יְהוָה֙ יֹשֵׁ֣ב עַל־כִּסְא֔וֹ וְכָל־צְבָ֤א הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ עֹמֵ֣ד עָלָ֔יו מִימִינ֖וֹ וּמִשְּׂמֹאלֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer*, therefore *šəmaʿ dəb̄ar-YHWH*: *rāʾîtî ʾet-YHWH yōšēb̄* upon-*kisʾô*, and-all-*ṣəb̄āʾ* the-*šāmayim ʿōmēd* upon-him, from-*yəmînô* and-from-*śəmōʾlô*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*šəmaʿ*": "qal imperative ms - hear/listen", "*dəb̄ar-YHWH*": "construct noun phrase - word of YHWH", "*rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect 1cs - I saw", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*yōšēb̄*": "qal participle ms - sitting", "*kisʾô*": "masculine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his throne", "*ṣəb̄āʾ*": "masculine singular construct - host/army of", "*šāmayim*": "masculine dual/plural noun with definite article - the heaven(s)", "*ʿōmēd*": "qal participle ms - standing", "*yəmînô*": "feminine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his right hand/side", "*śəmōʾlô*": "feminine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his left hand/side" }, "variants": { "*šəmaʿ*": "hear/listen/heed/obey", "*dəb̄ar*": "word/speech/saying/matter", "*rāʾîtî*": "I saw/observed/beheld", "*yōšēb̄*": "sitting/dwelling/residing/enthroned", "*kisʾô*": "his throne/seat", "*ṣəb̄āʾ*": "host/army/warriors/assembled group", "*šāmayim*": "heaven(s)/sky", "*ʿōmēd*": "standing/positioned/serving", "*yəmînô*": "his right hand/side/south side", "*śəmōʾlô*": "his left hand/side/north side" } }
• Isa 1:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.10", "source": "שִׁמְע֥וּ דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה קְצִינֵ֣י סְדֹ֑ם הַאֲזִ֛ינוּ תּוֹרַ֥ת אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ עַ֥ם עֲמֹרָֽה׃", "text": "*šim'û* *dᵉbar*-*YHWH* *qᵉṣînê* *sᵉdōm* *haʾăzînû* *tôrat* *ʾĕlōhênû* *'am* *'ămōrâ*", "grammar": { "*šim'û*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - hear", "*dᵉbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*qᵉṣînê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - rulers of", "*sᵉdōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*haʾăzînû*": "verb, hifil imperative, masculine plural - give ear to", "*tôrat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - law/instruction of", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*'am*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*'ămōrâ*": "proper noun - Gomorrah" }, "variants": { "*šim'û*": "hear/listen/obey", "*dᵉbar*": "word/message/command", "*qᵉṣînê*": "rulers/chiefs/commanders", "*haʾăzînû*": "give ear to/listen attentively/pay attention to", "*tôrat*": "law/instruction/teaching/direction" } }
• Isa 1:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.18", "source": "לְכוּ־נָ֛א וְנִוָּֽכְחָ֖ה יֹאמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה אִם־יִֽהְי֨וּ חֲטָאֵיכֶ֤ם כַּשָּׁנִים֙ כַּשֶּׁ֣לֶג יַלְבִּ֔ינוּ אִם־יַאְדִּ֥ימוּ כַתּוֹלָ֖ע כַּצֶּ֥מֶר יִהְיֽוּ׃", "text": "*lᵉkû*-*nāʾ* *wᵉniwwākᵉḥâ* *yōʾmar* *YHWH* *ʾim*-*yihyû* *ḥăṭāʾêkem* *kaššānîm* *kaššeleg* *yalbînû* *ʾim*-*yaʾdîmû* *kattôlā'* *kaṣṣemer* *yihyû*", "grammar": { "*lᵉkû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine plural - come", "*nāʾ*": "particle - now/please", "*wᵉniwwākᵉḥâ*": "conjunction wə- + verb, niphal imperfect cohortative, 1st person plural - and let us reason together", "*yōʾmar*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - says", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if/though", "*yihyû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they are", "*ḥăṭāʾêkem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sins", "*kaššānîm*": "preposition kᵉ- + definite article + noun, feminine plural - like scarlet", "*kaššeleg*": "preposition kᵉ- + definite article + noun, masculine singular - like snow", "*yalbînû*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shall be white", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if/though", "*yaʾdîmû*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they are red", "*kattôlā'*": "preposition kᵉ- + definite article + noun, masculine singular - like crimson", "*kaṣṣemer*": "preposition kᵉ- + definite article + noun, masculine singular - like wool", "*yihyû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shall be" }, "variants": { "*lᵉkû*-*nāʾ*": "come now/come please", "*niwwākᵉḥâ*": "reason together/argue/dispute/settle", "*yōʾmar*": "says/speaks/declares", "*ḥăṭāʾêkem*": "your sins/offenses/transgressions", "*šānîm*": "scarlet/crimson/bright red", "*yalbînû*": "they shall be white/become white/be made white", "*yaʾdîmû*": "they are red/they glow red", "*tôlā'*": "crimson/worm/crimson dye" } }
• Isa 5:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.3", "source": "וְעַתָּ֛ה יוֹשֵׁ֥ב יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם וְאִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֑ה שִׁפְטוּ־נָ֕א בֵּינִ֖י וּבֵ֥ין כַּרְמִֽי׃", "text": "And *wə*-now *yôšēb* *yərûšālaim* and *wə*-*ʾîš* *yəhûdâ*, *šipṭû-nāʾ* between me and between my *karmî*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yôšēb*": "qal participle masculine singular construct - inhabitant of/dweller in", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun construct - man of", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*šipṭû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - judge", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*karmî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my vineyard" }, "variants": { "*yôšēb*": "inhabitant/dweller/resident", "*ʾîš*": "man/person/each one" } }
• Isa 28:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.28.14", "source": "לָכֵן שִׁמְעוּ דְבַר־יְהוָה אַנְשֵׁי לָצוֹן מֹשְׁלֵי הָעָם הַזֶּה אֲשֶׁר בִּירוּשָׁלִָם", "text": "Therefore *šimʿû* *dəḇar*-*YHWH* *ʾanšēy* *lāṣôn* *mōšəlēy* *hāʿām* *hazzeh* *ʾăšer* in-*Yərûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*šimʿû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - hear", "*dəḇar*": "masculine singular construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ʾanšēy*": "masculine plural construct - men of", "*lāṣôn*": "masculine singular noun - scorn/mockery", "*mōšəlēy*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - rulers of", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the people", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*Yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*ʾanšēy*": "men of/leaders of", "*lāṣôn*": "scorn/mockery/scoffing", "*mōšəlēy*": "rulers of/governors of" } }
• Isa 34:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.34.1", "source": "קִרְב֤וּ גוֹיִם֙ לִשְׁמֹ֔עַ וּלְאֻמִּ֖ים הַקְשִׁ֑יבוּ תִּשְׁמַ֤ע הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ וּמְלֹאָ֔הּ תֵּבֵ֖ל וְכָל־צֶאֱצָאֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "*qirbû* *gôyim* *lišmōʿa* *ûlʾummîm* *haqšîbû* *tišmaʿ* *hāʾāreṣ* *ûmĕlōʾāh* *tēbēl* *wĕkāl*-*ṣeʾĕṣāʾêhā*", "grammar": { "*qirbû*": "imperative, plural - draw near/approach", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations/gentiles", "*lišmōʿa*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to hear", "*ûlʾummîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and peoples/nations", "*haqšîbû*": "imperative, plural - give attention/listen", "*tišmaʿ*": "imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will hear/let hear", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the earth/land", "*ûmĕlōʾāh*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and its fullness", "*tēbēl*": "feminine singular noun - world/inhabited earth", "*wĕkāl*": "conjunction + construct form - and all of", "*ṣeʾĕṣāʾêhā*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its offspring/produce" }, "variants": { "*qirbû*": "draw near/approach/come near", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*lišmōʿa*": "to hear/to listen/to obey", "*ûlʾummîm*": "and peoples/and nations/and tribes", "*haqšîbû*": "pay attention/listen carefully/give ear", "*tišmaʿ*": "let hear/will hear/should hear", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the earth/the land/the ground", "*mĕlōʾāh*": "its fullness/that which fills it/its contents", "*tēbēl*": "world/inhabited part of earth/dwelling place", "*ṣeʾĕṣāʾêhā*": "its offspring/its produce/that which comes from it" } }
• Isa 34:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.34.8", "source": "כִּ֛י י֥וֹם נָקָ֖ם לַֽיהוָ֑ה שְׁנַ֥ת שִׁלּוּמִ֖ים לְרִ֥יב צִיּֽוֹן׃", "text": "*kî* *yôm* *nāqām* *lāyhwh* *šĕnat* *šillûmîm* *lĕrîb* *ṣiyyôn*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yôm*": "masculine singular construct - day of", "*nāqām*": "masculine singular noun - vengeance", "*lāyhwh*": "preposition + divine name - to/for YHWH", "*šĕnat*": "feminine singular construct - year of", "*šillûmîm*": "masculine plural noun - retribution/recompense", "*lĕrîb*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - for controversy/dispute of", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion" }, "variants": { "*yôm*": "day/time", "*nāqām*": "vengeance/revenge/retribution", "*šĕnat*": "year/period", "*šillûmîm*": "retribution/recompense/repayment", "*rîb*": "controversy/dispute/case/lawsuit", "*ṣiyyôn*": "Zion (Jerusalem)" } }
• Isa 59:13-15 : 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.59.13", "source": "פָּשֹׁ֤עַ וְכַחֵשׁ֙ בַּֽיהוָ֔ה וְנָס֖וֹג מֵאַחַ֣ר אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ דַּבֶּר־עֹ֣שֶׁק וְסָרָ֔ה הֹר֧וֹ וְהֹג֛וֹ מִלֵּ֖ב דִּבְרֵי־שָֽׁקֶר׃", "text": "*Pāšōaʿ* and-*kaḥēš* against-*YHWH* and-*nāsôg* from-after *ʾĕlōhênû* *dabber-ʿōšeq* and-*sārāh* *hōrô* and-*hōgô* from-*lēb* *dibrê-šāqer*", "grammar": { "*Pāšōaʿ*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - transgressing/rebelling", "*kaḥēš*": "verb, piel infinitive absolute - denying/lying", "*nāsôg*": "verb, niphal infinitive absolute - turning away/departing", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st plural suffix - our God", "*dabber-ʿōšeq*": "verb phrase, piel infinitive construct + noun - speaking oppression", "*sārāh*": "noun, feminine singular - revolt/apostasy", "*hōrô*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - conceiving", "*hōgô*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - uttering/muttering", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular - heart", "*dibrê-šāqer*": "noun, masculine plural construct + noun - words of falsehood" }, "variants": { "*Pāšōaʿ*": "transgressing/rebelling/revolting", "*kaḥēš*": "denying/lying/deceiving", "*nāsôg*": "turning away/departing/withdrawing", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "our God (plural form with singular meaning)", "*ʿōšeq*": "oppression/extortion/unjust gain", "*sārāh*": "revolt/apostasy/rebellion", "*hōrô*": "conceiving/becoming pregnant with", "*hōgô*": "uttering/muttering/meditating on", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*šāqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception" } } 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.59.14", "source": "וְהֻסַּ֤ג אָחוֹר֙ מִשְׁפָּ֔ט וּצְדָקָ֖ה מֵרָח֣וֹק תַּעֲמֹ֑ד כִּֽי־כָשְׁלָ֤ה בָֽרְחוֹב֙ אֱמֶ֔ת וּנְכֹחָ֖ה לֹא־תוּכַ֥ל לָבֽוֹא׃", "text": "And-*hussag* *ʾāḥôr* *mišpāṭ* and-*ṣədāqāh* from-*rāḥôq* *taʿămōd* *kî-kāšəlāh* in-*rəḥôb* *ʾĕmet* and-*nəkōḥāh* not-*tûkal* to-*lābôʾ*", "grammar": { "*hussag*": "verb, hophal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - is turned back/thrust back", "*ʾāḥôr*": "adverb - backward/back", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice/judgment", "*ṣədāqāh*": "noun, feminine singular - righteousness", "*rāḥôq*": "noun, masculine singular - distance/far place", "*taʿămōd*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - stands/stays", "*kî-kāšəlāh*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - for it stumbles", "*rəḥôb*": "noun, masculine singular - open place/street", "*ʾĕmet*": "noun, feminine singular - truth/faithfulness", "*nəkōḥāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - straightness/uprightness", "*tûkal*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - is able/capable", "*lābôʾ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to enter/come" }, "variants": { "*hussag*": "is turned back/thrust back/driven away", "*ʾāḥôr*": "backward/back/behind", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right", "*ṣədāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*rāḥôq*": "distance/far place/afar", "*taʿămōd*": "stands/stays/remains", "*kāšəlāh*": "stumbles/totters/falls", "*rəḥôb*": "open place/street/square", "*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability", "*nəkōḥāh*": "straightness/uprightness/honesty", "*tûkal*": "is able/capable/can", "*lābôʾ*": "to enter/come/arrive" } } 15 { "verseID": "Isaiah.59.15", "source": "וַתְּהִ֤י הָֽאֱמֶת֙ נֶעְדֶּ֔רֶת וְסָ֥ר מֵרָ֖ע מִשְׁתּוֹלֵ֑ל וַיַּ֧רְא יְהוָ֛ה וַיֵּ֥רַע בְּעֵינָ֖יו כִּֽי־אֵ֥ין מִשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "And-*təhî* the-*ʾĕmet* *neʿderet* and-*sār* from-*rāʿ* *mištôlēl* and-*yayrə* *YHWH* and-*yēraʿ* in-*ʿênāyw* *kî-ʾên* *mišpāṭ*", "grammar": { "*təhî*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - became/was", "*ʾĕmet*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the truth", "*neʿderet*": "verb, niphal participle, feminine singular - lacking/missing", "*sār*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - turning aside", "*rāʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - evil", "*mištôlēl*": "verb, hithpoel participle, masculine singular - plundered/despoiled", "*yayrə*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - saw", "*yēraʿ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - it was displeasing", "*ʿênāyw*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*kî-ʾên*": "conjunction + adverb - for there is no", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - justice/judgment" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability", "*neʿderet*": "lacking/missing/absent", "*sār*": "turning aside/departing/removing oneself", "*rāʿ*": "evil/wickedness/harm", "*mištôlēl*": "plundered/despoiled/made a prey", "*yayrə*": "saw/perceived/observed", "*yēraʿ*": "was displeasing/was evil/was grievous", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right" } }
• Isa 66:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.66.5", "source": "שִׁמְעוּ֙ דְּבַר־יְהוָ֔ה הַחֲרֵדִ֖ים אֶל־דְּבָר֑וֹ אָמְרוּ֩ אֲחֵיכֶ֨ם שֹׂנְאֵיכֶ֜ם מְנַדֵּיכֶ֗ם לְמַ֤עַן שְׁמִי֙ יִכְבַּ֣ד יְהוָ֔ה וְנִרְאֶ֥ה בְשִׂמְחַתְכֶ֖ם וְהֵ֥ם יֵבֹֽשׁוּ׃", "text": "*šimʿû* *dĕḇar*-*YHWH*, the ones *haḥărēḏîm* to-*dĕḇārô*: *ʾāmĕrû* *ʾăḥêḵem* *śōnĕʾêḵem* *mĕnaddêḵem*, \"For the sake of *šĕmî* *yikbaḏ* *YHWH*, and let us see *ḇĕśimḥatḵem*\"; but-they *yēḇōšû*.", "grammar": { "*šimʿû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen", "*dĕḇar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ha-ḥărēḏîm*": "article + adjective, masculine plural - the ones trembling", "*ʾel-dĕḇārô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his word", "*ʾāmĕrû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they said", "*ʾăḥêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your brothers", "*śōnĕʾêḵem*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - those hating you", "*mĕnaddêḵem*": "piel participle, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - those casting you out", "*lĕmaʿan*": "preposition - for the sake of", "*šĕmî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my name", "*yikbaḏ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular jussive - let him be glorified", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*wĕ-nirʾeh*": "conjunction + niphal imperfect, 1st person plural cohortative - and let us see", "*ḇĕ-śimḥatḵem*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - in your joy", "*wĕ-hēm*": "conjunction + pronoun, 3rd masculine plural - but they", "*yēḇōšû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will be ashamed" }, "variants": { "*šimʿû*": "hear/listen/obey", "*dĕḇar*": "word/speech/command", "*haḥărēḏîm*": "those who tremble/fear/revere", "*dĕḇārô*": "his word/speech/command", "*ʾāmĕrû*": "they said/spoke/declared", "*ʾăḥêḵem*": "your brothers/kinsmen/relatives", "*śōnĕʾêḵem*": "those who hate/despise you", "*mĕnaddêḵem*": "those who cast you out/exclude you/reject you", "*šĕmî*": "my name/reputation/character", "*yikbaḏ*": "let him be glorified/honored/revered", "*nirʾeh*": "let us see/witness/observe", "*śimḥatḵem*": "your joy/gladness/rejoicing", "*yēḇōšû*": "they will be ashamed/disgraced/disappointed" } }
• Jer 2:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.4", "source": "שִׁמְע֥וּ דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה בֵּ֣ית יַעֲקֹ֑ב וְכָֽל־מִשְׁפְּח֖וֹת בֵּ֥ית יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*Šimʿû* *dəbar*-*YHWH* *bêt* *Yaʿăqōb* *wə-kol*-*mišpəḥôt* *bêt* *Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*Šimʿû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - hear", "*dəbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*Yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*wə-kol*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and all", "*mišpəḥôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - families/clans of", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*Šimʿû*": "hear/listen/obey", "*dəbar*": "word/matter/thing", "*bêt*": "house/household/dynasty/family", "*mišpəḥôt*": "families/clans/tribes" } }