Verse 51

{ "verseID": "Luke.1.51", "source": "Ἐποίησεν κράτος ἐν βραχίονι αὐτοῦ· διεσκόρπισεν ὑπερηφάνους διανοίᾳ καρδίας αὐτῶν.", "text": "*Epoiēsen kratos* in *brachioni* of him; *dieskorpisen hyperēphanous dianoiā kardias* of them.", "grammar": { "*Epoiēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he/she/it did/made", "*kratos*": "accusative neuter singular - might/strength/power", "*brachioni*": "dative masculine singular - arm", "*dieskorpisen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he/she/it scattered/dispersed", "*hyperēphanous*": "accusative masculine plural - proud/arrogant ones", "*dianoiā*": "dative feminine singular - in thought/mind/understanding", "*kardias*": "genitive feminine singular - of heart" }, "variants": { "*Epoiēsen kratos*": "performed might/showed strength/demonstrated power", "*brachioni*": "arm (metaphor for power/strength)", "*dieskorpisen*": "scattered/dispersed/separated", "*hyperēphanous*": "proud/arrogant/haughty ones", "*dianoiā kardias*": "in the thought of heart/in the imagination of heart/in the intention of heart" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Ps 98:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.98.1", "source": "מִזְמ֡וֹר שִׁ֤ירוּ לַֽיהוָ֨ה ׀ שִׁ֣יר חָ֭דָשׁ כִּֽי־נִפְלָא֣וֹת עָשָׂ֑ה הוֹשִֽׁיעָה־לּ֥וֹ יְ֝מִינ֗וֹ וּזְר֥וֹעַ קָדְשֽׁוֹ׃", "text": "*Mizmōr* *shīrū* to-*YHWH* *shīr* *ḥādāsh* because-*niplāʾōt* *ʿāśāh* *hōshīʿāh*-to-him *yemīnō* and-*zerōaʿ* *qodshō*", "grammar": { "*Mizmōr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - psalm/song", "*shīrū*": "verb, qal imperative masculine plural - sing!", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*shīr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - song", "*ḥādāsh*": "adjective, masculine singular - new", "*niplāʾōt*": "noun, feminine plural - wonders/marvelous deeds", "*ʿāśāh*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he did/made", "*hōshīʿāh*": "verb, hiphil perfect 3rd feminine singular - saved/delivered", "*yemīnō*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his right hand", "*zerōaʿ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - arm", "*qodshō*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his holiness/holy" }, "variants": { "*Mizmōr*": "psalm/melody/song", "*niplāʾōt*": "wonders/marvelous works/miracles", "*hōshīʿāh*": "brought salvation/delivered/saved", "*zerōaʿ*": "arm/strength/power", "*qodshō*": "his holiness/his sanctity/his holy one" } }
  • Isa 52:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.52.10", "source": "חָשַׂ֤ף יְהוָה֙ אֶת־זְר֣וֹעַ קָדְשׁ֔וֹ לְעֵינֵ֖י כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וְרָאוּ֙ כָּל־אַפְסֵי־אָ֔רֶץ אֵ֖ת יְשׁוּעַ֥ת אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃ ס", "text": "*ḥāśap* *YHWH* *ʾet-zərôaʿ* *qodšô* *ləʿênê* *kol-hagôyim* *wərāʾû* *kol-ʾapsê-ʾāreṣ* *ʾēt* *yəšûʿat* *ʾĕlōhênû*", "grammar": { "*ḥāśap*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has bared", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʾet-zərôaʿ*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - arm of", "*qodšô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his holiness", "*ləʿênê*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct - to the eyes of", "*kol-hagôyim*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, masculine plural - all the nations", "*wərāʾû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - and will see", "*kol-ʾapsê-ʾāreṣ*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine plural construct + noun, feminine singular - all ends of earth", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*yəšûʿat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - salvation of", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - our God" }, "variants": { "*ḥāśap*": "has bared/has uncovered/has revealed", "*zərôaʿ*": "arm/strength/power", "*qodšô*": "his holiness/his holy arm", "*ləʿênê*": "before the eyes of/in the sight of", "*hagôyim*": "the nations/the gentiles/the peoples", "*ʾapsê-ʾāreṣ*": "ends of earth/ends of the world/farthest reaches", "*yəšûʿat*": "salvation of/deliverance of/victory of" } }
  • Isa 40:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.40.10", "source": "הִנֵּ֨ה אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהוִה֙ בְּחָזָ֣ק יָב֔וֹא וּזְרֹע֖וֹ מֹ֣שְׁלָה ל֑וֹ הִנֵּ֤ה שְׂכָרוֹ֙ אִתּ֔וֹ וּפְעֻלָּת֖וֹ לְפָנָֽיו׃", "text": "*hinnēh ʾădōnāy YHWH běḥāzāq yābôʾ ûzěrōʿô mōšělāh lô hinnēh śěkārô ʾittô ûpěʿullātô lěpānāyw*", "grammar": { "*hinnēh*": "interjection - 'behold'", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - 'my Lord'", "*YHWH*": "divine name - 'LORD'", "*běḥāzāq*": "preposition + adjective, masculine singular - 'with strength'", "*yābôʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he will come'", "*ûzěrōʿô*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'and his arm'", "*mōšělāh*": "qal participle, feminine singular - 'ruling'", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'for him'", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - 'behold'", "*śěkārô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his reward'", "*ʾittô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'with him'", "*ûpěʿullātô*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'and his recompense'", "*lěpānāyw*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'before him'" }, "variants": { "*běḥāzāq*": "with strength/mightily/powerfully", "*zěrōʿô mōšělāh lô*": "his arm rules for him/his arm governs for him", "*śěkārô*": "his reward/his wage", "*pěʿullātô*": "his recompense/his work/his wage" } }
  • Isa 51:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.51.9", "source": "עוּרִ֨י עוּרִ֤י לִבְשִׁי־עֹז֙ זְר֣וֹעַ יְהוָ֔ה ע֚וּרִי כִּ֣ימֵי קֶ֔דֶם דֹּר֖וֹת עוֹלָמִ֑ים הֲל֥וֹא אַתְּ־הִ֛יא הַמַּחְצֶ֥בֶת רַ֖הַב מְחוֹלֶ֥לֶת תַּנִּֽין", "text": "*'ûrî 'ûrî libšî-'ōz zərôa' YHWH 'ûrî kîmê qedem dōrôt 'ôlāmîm hălô' 'at-hî' hammaḥṣebet rahab məḥôlelet tannîn*", "grammar": { "*'ûrî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - awake/rouse yourself", "*libšî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - put on/clothe yourself", "*'ōz*": "common noun, masculine singular - strength", "*zərôa'*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - arm of", "YHWH": "proper noun - divine name", "*kîmê*": "preposition + common noun, masculine plural construct - as in days of", "*qedem*": "common noun, masculine singular - ancient times/east", "*dōrôt*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - generations of", "*'ôlāmîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - everlasting/antiquity", "*hălô'*": "interrogative + negative particle - is it not", "*'at-hî'*": "pronoun, 2nd person feminine singular + pronoun, 3rd person feminine singular - you-she", "*hammaḥṣebet*": "definite article + Hiphil participle, feminine singular - the one who hewed/cut", "*rahab*": "proper noun - Rahab (mythological sea monster/Egypt)", "*məḥôlelet*": "Polel participle, feminine singular - piercing/wounding", "*tannîn*": "common noun, masculine singular - sea monster/dragon" }, "variants": { "*'ûrî*": "awake/rouse yourself/arise", "*'ōz*": "strength/might/power", "*qedem*": "ancient times/antiquity/east", "*rahab*": "Rahab (mythological sea monster)/Egypt/pride", "*məḥôlelet*": "piercing/wounding/slaying", "*tannîn*": "sea monster/dragon/serpent" } }
  • Ps 118:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.118.15", "source": "ק֤וֹל ׀ רִנָּ֬ה וִֽישׁוּעָ֗ה בְּאָהֳלֵ֥י צַדִּיקִ֑ים יְמִ֥ין יְ֝הוָה עֹ֣שָׂה חָֽיִל", "text": "*Qôl* *rinnāh* and-*yəšûʿāh* in-*ʾohŏlê* *ṣaddîqîm* right-hand-of *YHWH* *ʿōśāh* *ḥāyil*", "grammar": { "*Qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - voice of", "*rinnāh*": "noun, feminine singular - joyful shouting", "*yəšûʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular with prefix waw - and salvation", "*ʾohŏlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct with prefix bet - in tents of", "*ṣaddîqîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - righteous ones", "*yəmîn*": "noun, feminine singular construct - right hand of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*ʿōśāh*": "participle, feminine singular - doing/making", "*ḥāyil*": "noun, masculine singular - strength/valor" }, "variants": { "*Qôl*": "voice/sound", "*rinnāh*": "joyful shouting/jubilation/ringing cry", "*yəšûʿāh*": "salvation/deliverance/victory", "*ʾohŏlê*": "tents/dwellings/tabernacles", "*ṣaddîqîm*": "righteous ones/just ones/those who are righteous", "*ʿōśāh*": "doing/performing/accomplishing", "*ḥāyil*": "strength/valor/might/army/wealth" } }
  • Ps 89:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.89.10", "source": "אַתָּה מוֹשֵׁל בְּגֵאוּת הַיָּם בְּשׂוֹא גַלָּיו אַתָּה תְשַׁבְּחֵם", "text": "*ʾAttâ* *môšēl* in-*gēʾût* the-*yām*; when-*śôʾ* *gallāyw* *ʾattâ* *tᵉšabbᵉḥēm*", "grammar": { "*ʾAttâ*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*môšēl*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - ruling", "*bᵉ-gēʾût*": "preposition + noun - in the swelling/pride of", "*ha-yyām*": "definite article + noun - the sea", "*bᵉ-śôʾ*": "preposition + infinitive construct - when rise", "*gallāyw*": "noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its waves", "*ʾattâ*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*tᵉšabbᵉḥēm*": "verb, piel imperfect 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - you still them" }, "variants": { "*môšēl*": "ruling/having dominion over", "*gēʾût*": "pride/swelling/majesty", "*ha-yyām*": "the sea/ocean", "*śôʾ*": "rising/swelling/lifting up", "*gallāyw*": "its waves/billows", "*tᵉšabbᵉḥēm*": "you still them/calm them/subdue them" } }
  • Isa 63:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.12", "source": "מוֹלִיךְ֙ לִימִ֣ין מֹשֶׁ֔ה זְר֖וֹעַ תִּפְאַרְתּ֑וֹ בּ֤וֹקֵֽעַ מַ֙יִם֙ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת ל֖וֹ שֵׁ֥ם עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*môlîḵ* at the right of *mōšeh* *zĕrôaʿ* his *tipʾartô*, *bôqēaʿ* *mayim* from *pĕnêhem*, to *laʿăśôt* for him *šēm* *ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*môlîḵ*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular - causing to go/leading", "*lîmîn*": "preposition lamed + noun, feminine singular construct - at the right of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*zĕrôaʿ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - arm of", "*tipʾartô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his glory", "*bôqēaʿ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - cleaving/dividing", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*mippĕnêhem*": "preposition min + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from before them", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition lamed + Qal infinitive construct - to make", "*lô*": "preposition lamed with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - for himself", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - everlasting/eternity" }, "variants": { "*môlîḵ*": "leading/causing to go/guiding", "*zĕrôaʿ*": "arm/strength/power", "*tipʾartô*": "his glory/his beauty/his splendor", "*bôqēaʿ*": "cleaving/dividing/splitting", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/renown", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/eternal/perpetual" } }
  • Jer 48:29-30 : 29 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.48.29", "source": "שָׁמַ֥עְנוּ גְאוֹן־מוֹאָ֖ב גֵּאֶ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד גָּבְה֧וֹ וּגְאוֹנ֛וֹ וְגַאֲוָת֖וֹ וְרֻ֥ם לִבּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*šāmaʿnû* *geʾôn-mōʾāb* *gēʾeh* *meʾōd* *gābhô* and *ûgeʾônô* and *wegaʾawātô* and *werum* *libbô*", "grammar": { "*šāmaʿnû*": "perfect, 1st common plural - we have heard", "*geʾôn-mōʾāb*": "compound noun - pride of Moab", "*gēʾeh*": "adjective, masculine singular - proud", "*meʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*gābhô*": "noun with possessive suffix, masculine singular - his height/exaltation", "*ûgeʾônô*": "noun with possessive suffix and waw-consecutive, masculine singular - and his pride", "*wegaʾawātô*": "noun with possessive suffix and waw-consecutive, feminine singular - and his arrogance", "*werum*": "noun with waw-consecutive, masculine singular - and haughtiness of", "*libbô*": "noun with possessive suffix, masculine singular - his heart" }, "variants": { "*šāmaʿnû*": "we have heard/we heard", "*geʾôn*": "pride/majesty/excellence", "*gēʾeh*": "proud/lofty/exalted", "*gābhô*": "his height/loftiness/exaltation", "*geʾônô*": "his pride/majesty/excellence", "*gaʾawātô*": "his arrogance/haughtiness/exaltation", "*rum*": "haughtiness/height/exaltation", "*libbô*": "his heart/mind/inner self" } } 30 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.48.30", "source": "אֲנִ֤י יָדַ֙עְתִּי֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה עֶבְרָת֖וֹ וְלֹא־כֵ֑ן בַּדָּ֖יו לֹא־כֵ֥ן עָשֽׂוּ׃", "text": "I *yādaʿtî* *neʾum-YHWH* *ʿebrātô* and not so *baddāyw* not so *ʿāśû*", "grammar": { "*yādaʿtî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I know/have known", "*neʾum-YHWH*": "construct chain - declaration of YHWH", "*ʿebrātô*": "noun with possessive suffix, feminine singular - his wrath", "*baddāyw*": "noun with possessive suffix, masculine plural - his boasts/empty talk", "*ʿāśû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural - they have done" }, "variants": { "*yādaʿtî*": "I know/have known/am acquainted with", "*neʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle", "*ʿebrātô*": "his wrath/fury/arrogance", "*baddāyw*": "his empty talk/boasts/idle talk/lies", "*ʿāśû*": "they have done/performed/accomplished" } }
  • Dan 5:25-30 : 25 { "verseID": "Daniel.5.25", "source": "וּדְנָ֥ה כְתָבָ֖א דִּ֣י רְשִׁ֑ים מְנֵ֥א מְנֵ֖א תְּקֵ֥ל וּפַרְסִֽין׃", "text": "And this *ûḏənāh* writing *ḵəṯāḇāʾ* which *dî* inscribed *rəšîm*: *məneʾ* *məneʾ* *təqel* and *ûp̄arsîn*.", "grammar": { "*ûḏənāh*": "conjunction + demonstrative pronoun - and this", "*ḵəṯāḇāʾ*": "noun - writing", "*dî*": "relative particle - which/that", "*rəšîm*": "Peal passive participle - was inscribed", "*məneʾ*": "passive participle or noun - numbered/counted/mina (weight)", "*təqel*": "passive participle or noun - weighed/shekel (weight)", "*ûp̄arsîn*": "conjunction + noun plural - and divisions/half-shekels" }, "variants": { "*rəšîm*": "was inscribed/was written", "*məneʾ*": "numbered/counted/mina (weight unit)", "*təqel*": "weighed/shekel (weight unit)", "*ûp̄arsîn*": "and divisions/and they are divided/and half-minas/and Persians (wordplay)" } } 26 { "verseID": "Daniel.5.26", "source": "דְּנָ֖ה פְּשַֽׁר־מִלְּתָ֑א מְנֵ֕א מְנָֽה־אֱלָהָ֥א מַלְכוּתָ֖ךְ וְהַשְׁלְמַֽהּ׃", "text": "This *dənāh* interpretation *pəšar-millṯāʾ*: *məneʾ* *mənāh-ʾĕlāhāʾ* your kingdom *malḵûṯāḵ* and finished it *wəhašləmah*.", "grammar": { "*dənāh*": "demonstrative pronoun - this", "*pəšar-millṯāʾ*": "construct state + noun - interpretation of the matter", "*məneʾ*": "passive participle or noun - numbered/counted/mina", "*mənāh-ʾĕlāhāʾ*": "Peal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + noun - God has numbered", "*malḵûṯāḵ*": "noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your kingdom", "*wəhašləmah*": "conjunction + Haphel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and has finished it" }, "variants": { "*pəšar-millṯāʾ*": "interpretation of the matter/meaning of the word", "*mənāh-ʾĕlāhāʾ*": "God has numbered/God has counted/God has appointed", "*wəhašləmah*": "and finished it/and completed it/and brought it to an end" } } 27 { "verseID": "Daniel.5.27", "source": "תְּקֵ֑ל תְּקִ֥ילְתָּה בְמֹֽאזַנְיָ֖א וְהִשְׁתְּכַ֥חַתְּ חַסִּֽיר׃", "text": "*təqel* you are weighed *təqîlətāh* in the balances *ḇəmôʾzanəyāʾ* and found *wəhištəḵaḥat* lacking *ḥassîr*.", "grammar": { "*təqel*": "passive participle or noun - weighed/shekel", "*təqîlətāh*": "Peil perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have been weighed", "*ḇəmôʾzanəyāʾ*": "preposition + noun plural - in the balances/scales", "*wəhištəḵaḥat*": "conjunction + Hithpaal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you have been found", "*ḥassîr*": "adjective - lacking/deficient" }, "variants": { "*təqîlətāh*": "you have been weighed/you were weighed", "*wəhištəḵaḥat*": "and you have been found/and you were found/and you proved to be", "*ḥassîr*": "lacking/deficient/wanting" } } 28 { "verseID": "Daniel.5.28", "source": "פְּרֵ֑ס פְּרִיסַת֙ מַלְכוּתָ֔ךְ וִיהִיבַ֖ת לְמָדַ֥י וּפָרָֽס׃", "text": "*pəres* divided *pərîsaṯ* your kingdom *malḵûṯāḵ* and given *wîhîḇaṯ* to Medes *ləmāḏay* and Persia *ûp̄ārās*.", "grammar": { "*pəres*": "noun - division/half-mina", "*pərîsaṯ*": "Peil perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - has been divided", "*malḵûṯāḵ*": "noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your kingdom", "*wîhîḇaṯ*": "conjunction + Peil perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and has been given", "*ləmāḏay*": "preposition + proper noun - to Media/to the Medes", "*ûp̄ārās*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Persia" }, "variants": { "*pəres*": "division/half-mina/Persia (wordplay)", "*pərîsaṯ*": "has been divided/is divided/will be divided", "*wîhîḇaṯ*": "and has been given/and is given/and will be given" } } 29 { "verseID": "Daniel.5.29", "source": "בֵּאדַ֣יִן ׀ אֲמַ֣ר בֵּלְשַׁאצַּ֗ר וְהַלְבִּ֤ישׁוּ לְדָֽנִיֵּאל֙ אַרְגְּוָנָ֔א והמונכא וְהַֽמְנִיכָ֥א דִֽי־דַהֲבָ֖א עַֽל־צַוְּארֵ֑הּ וְהַכְרִ֣זֽוּ עֲל֔וֹהִי דִּֽי־לֶהֱוֵ֥א שַׁלִּ֛יט תַּלְתָּ֖א בְּמַלְכוּתָֽא׃", "text": "Then *beʾḏayin* commanded *ʾămar* Belshazzar *belšaṣṣar* and they clothed *wəhalbîšû* Daniel *ləḏāniʾyel* purple *ʾargəwānāʾ* and the chain *wəhamnîḵāʾ* *dî-dahaḇāʾ* on his neck *ʿal-ṣawwəreh* and proclaimed *wəhaḵrîzû* concerning him *ʿălôhî* *dî* he shall be *leheweʾ* ruler *šallîṭ* third *talətāʾ* in the kingdom *bəmalḵûṯāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*beʾḏayin*": "temporal adverb - then/at that time", "*ʾămar*": "Peal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - said/commanded", "*belšaṣṣar*": "proper noun - Belshazzar", "*wəhalbîšû*": "conjunction + Haphel perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they clothed", "*ləḏāniʾyel*": "preposition + proper noun - Daniel", "*ʾargəwānāʾ*": "noun - purple (clothing)", "*wəhamnîḵāʾ*": "conjunction + noun - and the chain/necklace", "*dî-dahaḇāʾ*": "relative particle + noun - of gold", "*ʿal-ṣawwəreh*": "preposition + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - on his neck", "*wəhaḵrîzû*": "conjunction + Haphel perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they proclaimed", "*ʿălôhî*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - concerning him", "*dî*": "relative/conjunction particle - that", "*leheweʾ*": "Peal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will be", "*šallîṭ*": "adjective/noun - ruler/ruling", "*talətāʾ*": "adjective - third", "*bəmalḵûṯāʾ*": "preposition + noun - in the kingdom" }, "variants": { "*beʾḏayin*": "then/at that time/immediately", "*ʾămar*": "said/commanded/ordered", "*hamnîḵāʾ*": "chain/necklace/collar", "*wəhaḵrîzû*": "they proclaimed/they announced/they made a proclamation", "*šallîṭ*": "ruler/ruling one/having authority", "*talətāʾ*": "third/third ruler/one of three" } } 30 { "verseID": "Daniel.5.30", "source": "בֵּ֚הּ בְּלֵ֣ילְיָ֔א קְטִ֕יל בֵּלְאשַׁצַּ֖ר מַלְכָּ֥א כשדיא כַשְׂדָּאָֽה׃", "text": "In it *beh* in the night *bəleləyāʾ* was killed *qəṭîl* Belshazzar *belʾšaṣṣar* the king *malkāʾ* the Chaldean *kaśdāʾāh*.", "grammar": { "*beh*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in it", "*bəleləyāʾ*": "preposition + noun - in the night", "*qəṭîl*": "Peil passive participle - was killed", "*belʾšaṣṣar*": "proper noun - Belshazzar", "*malkāʾ*": "noun - the king", "*kaśdāʾāh*": "adjective/gentilic - the Chaldean" }, "variants": { "*qəṭîl*": "was killed/was slain/was put to death", "*kaśdāʾāh*": "the Chaldean/of the Chaldeans" } }
  • Rom 1:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Romans.1.21", "source": "Διότι, γνόντες τὸν Θεόν, οὐχ ὡς Θεὸν ἐδόξασαν, ἢ εὐχαρίστησαν· ἀλλʼ ἐματαιώθησαν ἐν τοῖς διαλογισμοῖς αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐσκοτίσθη ἡ ἀσύνετος αὐτῶν καρδία.", "text": "*Dioti*, *gnontes* the *Theon*, *ouch* *hōs* *Theon* *edoxasan*, *ē* *eucharistēsan*· *all'* *emataiōthēsan* *en* the *dialogismois* *autōn*, *kai* *eskotisthē* the *asynetos* *autōn* *kardia*.", "grammar": { "*Dioti*": "conjunction - because", "*gnontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having known", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God", "*ouch*": "negative particle - not", "*hōs*": "adverb - as", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God", "*edoxasan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they glorified", "*ē*": "conjunction - or", "*eucharistēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they gave thanks", "*all'*": "conjunction - but", "*emataiōthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they became futile", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*dialogismois*": "dative, masculine, plural - reasoning/thoughts", "*autōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural, possessive pronoun - their", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*eskotisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was darkened", "*asynetos*": "nominative, feminine, singular, adjective - foolish/senseless", "*autōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural, possessive pronoun - their", "*kardia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - heart" }, "variants": { "*gnontes*": "having known/recognized/understood", "*edoxasan*": "they glorified/honored/praised", "*eucharistēsan*": "they gave thanks/were grateful", "*emataiōthēsan*": "they became futile/vain/empty", "*dialogismois*": "reasoning/thoughts/deliberations", "*eskotisthē*": "was darkened/obscured/blinded", "*asynetos*": "foolish/senseless/without understanding", "*kardia*": "heart/mind/inner self" } }
  • 2 Cor 10:5 : 5 { "verseID": "2 Corinthians.10.5", "source": "καὶ πᾶν ὕψωμα ἐπαιρόμενον κατὰ τῆς γνώσεως τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ αἰχμαλωτίζοντες πᾶν νόημα εἰς τὴν ὑπακοὴν τοῦ Χριστοῦ·", "text": "and *kai* every *pan* *hupsōma* *epairomenon* against *kata* the *tēs* *gnōseōs* of the *tou* *Theou*, and *kai* *aichmalōtizontes* every *pan* *noēma* into *eis* the *tēn* *hupakoēn* of the *tou* *Christou*;", "grammar": { "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*pan*": "accusative, neuter, singular adjective - every/all", "*hupsōma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - height/high thing/lofty thing", "*epairomenon*": "present middle/passive participle, accusative, neuter, singular - raising itself/being raised", "*kata*": "preposition + genitive - against", "*tēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular article - the", "*gnōseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - knowledge", "*tou*": "genitive, masculine, singular article - the", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*aichmalōtizontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - taking captive", "*pan*": "accusative, neuter, singular adjective - every/all", "*noēma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - thought/mind/perception", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into/for", "*tēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular article - the", "*hupakoēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - obedience", "*tou*": "genitive, masculine, singular article - the", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Christ" }, "variants": { "*hupsōma*": "height/high thing/lofty thing/elevation/pride", "*epairomenon*": "raising itself/being raised/exalting itself", "*gnōseōs*": "knowledge/understanding", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*aichmalōtizontes*": "taking captive/leading captive/bringing into subjection", "*noēma*": "thought/mind/perception/understanding/intention", "*hupakoēn*": "obedience/compliance/submission", "*Christou*": "Christ/Messiah/Anointed One" } }
  • 1 Pet 5:5 : 5 { "verseID": "1 Peter.5.5", "source": "Ὁμοίως, νεώτεροι, ὑποτάγητε πρεσβυτέροις. Πάντες δὲ ἀλλήλοις ὑποτασσόμενοι, τὴν ταπεινοφροσύνην ἐγκομβώσασθε: ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς ὑπερηφάνοις ἀντιτάσσεται, ταπεινοῖς δὲ δίδωσιν χάριν.", "text": "*Homoiōs*, *neōteroi*, *hypotagēte* *presbyterois*. *Pantes* but *allēlois* *hypotassomenoi*, the *tapeinophrosynēn* *egkombōsasthe*: because the *Theos* *hyperēphanois* *antitassetai*, to *tapeinois* but *didōsin* *charin*.", "grammar": { "*Homoiōs*": "adverb - likewise/similarly", "*neōteroi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - younger ones", "*hypotagēte*": "aorist, imperative, passive, 2nd person plural - be subject/submit", "*presbyterois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to elders", "*Pantes*": "nominative, masculine, plural - all", "*allēlois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to one another", "*hypotassomenoi*": "present participle, middle, nominative, masculine, plural - submitting", "*tapeinophrosynēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - humility/lowliness of mind", "*egkombōsasthe*": "aorist, imperative, middle, 2nd person plural - clothe yourselves/tie on", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*hyperēphanois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to proud ones", "*antitassetai*": "present, indicative, middle, 3rd person singular - opposes/sets against", "*tapeinois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to humble ones", "*didōsin*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - gives", "*charin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - grace/favor" }, "variants": { "*Homoiōs*": "likewise/similarly/in the same way", "*neōteroi*": "younger ones/younger men/youth", "*hypotagēte*": "submit/be subject/be subordinate", "*presbyterois*": "elders/older ones/presbyters", "*hypotassomenoi*": "submitting/subjecting/being subordinate", "*tapeinophrosynēn*": "humility/lowliness of mind/humble-mindedness", "*egkombōsasthe*": "clothe yourselves/tie on/gird on [like an apron]", "*hyperēphanois*": "proud/arrogant/haughty", "*antitassetai*": "opposes/sets against/resists", "*tapeinois*": "humble/lowly/those of low position", "*charin*": "grace/favor/goodwill" } }
  • Rev 18:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.8", "source": "Διὰ τοῦτο ἐν μιᾷ ἡμέρᾳ ἥξουσιν αἱ πληγαὶ αὐτῆς, θάνατος, καὶ πένθος, καὶ λιμός· καὶ ἐν πυρὶ κατακαυθήσεται: ὅτι ἰσχυρὸς Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ὁ κρίνων αὐτήν.", "text": "Because of this in one *hēmera* *hēxousin* the *plēgai* of her, *thanatos*, and *penthos*, and *limos*; and in *pyri* she *katakauthēsetai*: because *ischyros* *Kyrios* the *Theos* the one *krinōn* her.", "grammar": { "*dia touto*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular - because of this/therefore", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*mia hēmera*": "adjective + noun, dative, feminine, singular - one day", "*hēxousin*": "future active indicative, 3rd person plural - will come", "*hai plēgai*": "noun, nominative, feminine, plural - plagues/calamities", "*autēs*": "personal pronoun, genitive, feminine, singular - of her", "*thanatos*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - death", "*penthos*": "noun, nominative, neuter, singular - grief/mourning", "*limos*": "noun, nominative, masculine/feminine, singular - famine/hunger", "*pyri*": "noun, dative, neuter, singular - fire", "*katakauthēsetai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd person singular - will be burned up/consumed", "*ischyros*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - mighty/strong", "*Kyrios*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*ho Theos*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*ho krinōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - judging/who judges", "*autēn*": "personal pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular - her" }, "variants": { "*hēmera*": "day/daytime", "*hēxousin*": "will come/will arrive", "*plēgai*": "plagues/blows/calamities", "*thanatos*": "death/mortality", "*penthos*": "grief/mourning/sorrow", "*limos*": "famine/hunger/scarcity of food", "*pyri*": "fire/flame", "*katakauthēsetai*": "will be burned up/consumed by fire/incinerated", "*ischyros*": "mighty/strong/powerful", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/master", "*Theos*": "God/deity", "*krinōn*": "judging/who judges/condemning" } }
  • Gen 6:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Genesis.6.5", "source": "וַיַּ֣רְא יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֥י רַבָּ֛ה רָעַ֥ת הָאָדָ֖ם בָּאָ֑רֶץ וְכָל־יֵ֙צֶר֙ מַחְשְׁבֹ֣ת לִבּ֔וֹ רַ֥ק רַ֖ע כָּל־הַיּֽוֹם׃", "text": "*wa-yarʾ* *YHWH* that *rabbâ* *rāʿat* *hā-ʾādām* in *ʾāreṣ* and all *yēṣer* *maḥšĕbōt* *libbô* only *raʿ* all the *yôm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yarʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and he saw", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*rabbâ*": "adjective feminine singular - great/many/much", "*rāʿat*": "noun feminine singular construct - wickedness/evil of", "*hā-ʾādām*": "noun masculine singular with definite article - man/mankind/humanity", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular with prefix preposition - in the earth/land", "*yēṣer*": "noun masculine singular construct - inclination/formation/intent", "*maḥšĕbōt*": "noun feminine plural construct - thoughts/intentions", "*libbô*": "noun masculine singular + 3ms suffix - his heart", "*raʿ*": "adjective masculine singular - evil/bad/wicked", "*yôm*": "noun masculine singular with definite article - the day" }, "variants": { "*rabbâ*": "great/abundant/many", "*rāʿat*": "wickedness/evil/calamity", "*yēṣer*": "inclination/formation/framework/imagination", "*maḥšĕbōt*": "thoughts/intentions/plans" } }
  • Gen 8:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Genesis.8.21", "source": "וַיָּ֣רַח יְהוָה֮ אֶת־רֵ֣יחַ הַנִּיחֹחַ֒ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־לִבּ֗וֹ לֹֽא־אֹ֠סִף לְקַלֵּ֨ל ע֤וֹד אֶת־הָֽאֲדָמָה֙ בַּעֲב֣וּר הֽ͏ָאָדָ֔ם כִּ֠י יֵ֣צֶר לֵ֧ב הָאָדָ֛ם רַ֖ע מִנְּעֻרָ֑יו וְלֹֽא־אֹסִ֥ף ע֛וֹד לְהַכּ֥וֹת אֶת־כָּל־חַ֖י כּֽ͏ַאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשִֽׂיתִי", "text": "And *wayyāraḥ* *YHWH* *ʾēt*-*rêaḥ* the-*nîḥōaḥ*; and *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-*libbô*, not-*ʾōsip* to-*qallēl* again *ʾēt*-the-*ʾădāmâ* because the-*ʾādām*, because *yēṣer* *lēb* the-*ʾādām* *raʿ* from-*nəʿurāyw*; and not-*ʾōsip* again to-*hakkôt* *ʾēt*-all-*ḥay* as *ʿāśîtî*", "grammar": { "*wayyāraḥ*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he smelled", "*YHWH*": "proper name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*rêaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - smell of/aroma of", "*nîḥōaḥ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the pleasing/soothing", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*libbô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix and preposition - to his heart", "*ʾōsip*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st singular with negative particle - I will not continue/add", "*qallēl*": "piel infinitive construct with preposition - to curse", "*ʾădāmâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the ground/soil", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the man/mankind", "*yēṣer*": "masculine singular construct - inclination of/intent of", "*lēb*": "masculine singular construct - heart of", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the man/mankind", "*raʿ*": "masculine singular adjective - evil/bad", "*nəʿurāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix and preposition - from his youth", "*hakkôt*": "hiphil infinitive construct with preposition - to smite/strike", "*ḥay*": "masculine singular adjective - living", "*ʿāśîtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I did/made" }, "variants": { "*wayyāraḥ*": "smelled/perceived", "*rêaḥ*": "smell/aroma/scent", "*nîḥōaḥ*": "pleasing/soothing/sweet", "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/thought/declared", "*libbô*": "his heart/mind/inner self", "*ʾōsip*": "continue/add/do again", "*qallēl*": "curse/demean/treat with contempt", "*yēṣer*": "inclination/intent/formation", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*raʿ*": "evil/bad/wicked", "*nəʿurāyw*": "his youth/young age", "*hakkôt*": "strike/destroy/smite", "*ʿāśîtî*": "I did/have done/made" } }
  • Exod 15:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.6", "source": "יְמִֽינְךָ֣ יְהוָ֔ה נֶאְדָּרִ֖י בַּכֹּ֑חַ יְמִֽינְךָ֥ יְהוָ֖ה תִּרְעַ֥ץ אוֹיֵֽב׃", "text": "*yəmînḵā* *YHWH* *neʾdārî* *bakkōaḥ* *yəmînḵā* *YHWH* *tirʿaṣ* *ʾôyēḇ*", "grammar": { "*yəmînḵā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your right hand", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*neʾdārî*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - glorious/majestic", "*bakkōaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in power", "*tirʿaṣ*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it shatters", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - enemy" }, "variants": { "*neʾdārî*": "glorious/majestic/magnificent", "*tirʿaṣ*": "shatters/crushes/dashes to pieces" } } 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.7", "source": "וּבְרֹ֥ב גְּאוֹנְךָ֖ תַּהֲרֹ֣ס קָמֶ֑יךָ תְּשַׁלַּח֙ חֲרֹ֣נְךָ֔ יֹאכְלֵ֖מוֹ כַּקַּֽשׁ׃", "text": "*ūḇərōḇ* *gəʾônḵā* *taharōs* *qāmeḵā* *təšallaḥ* *ḥărōnḵā* *yōḵlēmô* *kaqqaš*", "grammar": { "*ūḇərōḇ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - and in greatness of", "*gəʾônḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your excellency/majesty", "*taharōs*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you break down", "*qāmeḵā*": "qal participle, masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - those who rise against you", "*təšallaḥ*": "piel imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you send forth", "*ḥărōnḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your burning anger", "*yōḵlēmô*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it consumes them", "*kaqqaš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - like stubble" }, "variants": { "*gəʾônḵā*": "your excellency/your majesty/your triumph", "*qāmeḵā*": "those who rise against you/your adversaries/your opponents", "*ḥărōnḵā*": "your burning anger/your fierce wrath/your hot displeasure" } }
  • Exod 15:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.9", "source": "אָמַ֥ר אוֹיֵ֛ב אֶרְדֹּ֥ף אַשִּׂ֖יג אֲחַלֵּ֣ק שָׁלָ֑ל תִּמְלָאֵ֣מוֹ נַפְשִׁ֔י אָרִ֣יק חַרְבִּ֔י תּוֹרִישֵׁ֖מוֹ יָדִֽי׃", "text": "*ʾāmar* *ʾôyēḇ* *ʾerdōp̄* *ʾaśśîḡ* *ʾăḥallēq* *šālāl* *timləʾēmô* *nap̄šî* *ʾārîq* *ḥarbî* *tôrîšēmô* *yāḏî*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - enemy", "*ʾerdōp̄*": "qal imperfect 1st singular - I will pursue", "*ʾaśśîḡ*": "hiphil imperfect 1st singular - I will overtake", "*ʾăḥallēq*": "piel imperfect 1st singular - I will divide", "*šālāl*": "noun, masculine singular - spoil/plunder", "*timləʾēmô*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it will be full of them", "*nap̄šî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my soul/desire", "*ʾārîq*": "hiphil imperfect 1st singular - I will draw out", "*ḥarbî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my sword", "*tôrîšēmô*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it will dispossess them", "*yāḏî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my hand" }, "variants": { "*ʾôyēḇ*": "enemy/foe/adversary", "*nap̄šî*": "my soul/my desire/my appetite", "*tôrîšēmô*": "will dispossess them/will destroy them/will drive them out" } } 10 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.10", "source": "נָשַׁ֥פְתָּ בְרוּחֲךָ֖ כִּסָּ֣מוֹ יָ֑ם צָֽלֲלוּ֙ כַּֽעוֹפֶ֔רֶת בְּמַ֖יִם אַדִּירִֽים׃", "text": "*nāšap̄tā* *ḇərūḥăḵā* *kissāmô* *yām* *ṣāˀlălū* *kaˁôp̄eret* *bəmayim* *ʾaddîrîm*", "grammar": { "*nāšap̄tā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you blew", "*ḇərūḥăḵā*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with your wind", "*kissāmô*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it covered them", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea", "*ṣāˀlălū*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they sank", "*kaˁôp̄eret*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - like lead", "*bəmayim*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - in waters", "*ʾaddîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - mighty" }, "variants": { "*nāšap̄tā*": "you blew/you breathed", "*rūḥăḵā*": "your wind/your breath/your spirit", "*ṣāˀlălū*": "they sank/they plunged/they went down" } } 11 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.11", "source": "מִֽי־כָמֹ֤כָה בָּֽאֵלִם֙ יְהוָ֔ה מִ֥י כָּמֹ֖כָה נֶאְדָּ֣ר בַּקֹּ֑דֶשׁ נוֹרָ֥א תְהִלֹּ֖ת עֹ֥שֵׂה פֶֽלֶא׃", "text": "*mî*-*ḵāmōḵāh* *bāʾēlim* *YHWH* *mî* *kāmōḵāh* *neʾdār* *baqqōḏeš* *nôrāʾ* *təhillōt* *ʿōśēh* *p̄eleʾ*", "grammar": { "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*ḵāmōḵāh*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - like you", "*bāʾēlim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - among the gods", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*neʾdār*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - glorious", "*baqqōḏeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in holiness", "*nôrāʾ*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - fearful/awesome", "*təhillōt*": "noun, feminine plural - praises", "*ʿōśēh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - doing", "*p̄eleʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - wonder/miracle" }, "variants": { "*ʾēlim*": "gods/mighty ones/divine beings", "*neʾdār*": "glorious/majestic/magnificent", "*baqqōḏeš*": "in holiness/in the sanctuary/in sacredness", "*nôrāʾ*": "fearful/awesome/terrible" } } 12 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.12", "source": "נָטִ֙יתָ֙ יְמִ֣ינְךָ֔ תִּבְלָעֵ֖מוֹ אָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*nāṭîtā* *yəmînḵā* *tiḇlāʿēmô* *ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*nāṭîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you stretched out", "*yəmînḵā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your right hand", "*tiḇlāʿēmô*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it swallows them", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*nāṭîtā*": "you stretched out/you extended", "*tiḇlāʿēmô*": "swallows them/engulfs them/consumes them", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground" } } 13 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.13", "source": "נָחִ֥יתָ בְחַסְדְּךָ֖ עַם־ז֣וּ גָּאָ֑לְתָּ נֵהַ֥לְתָּ בְעָזְּךָ֖ אֶל־נְוֵ֥ה קָדְשֶֽׁךָ׃", "text": "*nāḥîtā* *ḇəḥasdəḵā* *ʿam*-*zū* *gāʾāltā* *nēhaltā* *ḇəʿāzzəḵā* *ʾel*-*nəwēh* *qāḏšeḵā*", "grammar": { "*nāḥîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you led", "*ḇəḥasdəḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your steadfast love", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*zū*": "demonstrative pronoun - this", "*gāʾāltā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you redeemed", "*nēhaltā*": "piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you guided", "*ḇəʿāzzəḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your strength", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*nəwēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - dwelling place of", "*qāḏšeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your holiness" }, "variants": { "*ḥesed*": "steadfast love/lovingkindness/mercy", "*gāʾāltā*": "you redeemed/you ransomed", "*nēhaltā*": "you guided/you led/you conducted", "*nəwēh qāḏšeḵā*": "your holy habitation/your holy dwelling/your holy abode" } }
  • Exod 18:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.11", "source": "עַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתִּי כִּֽי־גָד֥וֹל יְהוָ֖ה מִכָּל־הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כִּ֣י בַדָּבָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר זָד֖וּ עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Now *yādaʿtî* that-*gādôl* *YHWH* from-all-*hāʾĕlōhîm* for in-*haddābār* which *zādû* against-them", "grammar": { "*yādaʿtî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I know", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the gods/divine beings", "*haddābār*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the thing/matter", "*zādû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they acted presumptuously/proudly" }, "variants": { "*gādôl*": "great/greater/greatest", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "the gods/divine beings/mighty ones", "*haddābār*": "the matter/thing/affair", "*zādû*": "they acted presumptuously/acted proudly/were arrogant/dealt arrogantly" } }
  • Deut 4:34 : 34 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.34", "source": "א֣וֹ ׀ הֲנִסָּ֣ה אֱלֹהִ֗ים לָ֠בוֹא לָקַ֨חַת ל֣וֹ גוֹי֮ מִקֶּ֣רֶב גּוֹי֒ בְּמַסֹּת֩ בְּאֹתֹ֨ת וּבְמוֹפְתִ֜ים וּבְמִלְחָמָ֗ה וּבְיָ֤ד חֲזָקָה֙ וּבִזְר֣וֹעַ נְטוּיָ֔ה וּבְמוֹרָאִ֖ים גְּדֹלִ֑ים כְּ֠כֹל אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֨ה לָכֶ֜ם יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֛ם בְּמִצְרַ֖יִם לְעֵינֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "Or *hănissāh* *ʾĕlōhîm* *lāḇôʾ* *lāqaḥaṯ* to-him *gôy* from-*qereḇ* *gôy* by-*massōṯ* by-*ʾōṯōṯ* and-by-*môp̄əṯîm* and-by-*milḥāmāh* and-by-*yāḏ* *ḥăzāqāh* and-by-*zərôaʿ* *nəṭûyāh* and-by-*môrāʾîm* *gəḏōlîm*, like-all which-*ʿāśāh* for-you(plural) *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem* in-*miṣrayim* to-*ʿêneḵā*?", "grammar": { "*hănissāh*": "interrogative particle + verb, Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has attempted?", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God/gods", "*lāḇôʾ*": "preposition + verb, Qal infinitive construct - to come", "*lāqaḥaṯ*": "preposition + verb, Qal infinitive construct - to take", "*gôy*": "masculine singular noun - nation", "*qereḇ*": "masculine singular construct - midst of", "*massōṯ*": "feminine plural noun - trials/testings", "*ʾōṯōṯ*": "masculine plural noun - signs", "*môp̄əṯîm*": "masculine plural noun - wonders/miracles", "*milḥāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - war/battle", "*yāḏ*": "feminine singular noun - hand", "*ḥăzāqāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - strong", "*zərôaʿ*": "feminine singular noun - arm", "*nəṭûyāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - outstretched", "*môrāʾîm*": "masculine plural noun - fears/terrors", "*gəḏōlîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - great", "*ʿāśāh*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he did/made", "*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ʿêneḵā*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your eyes" }, "variants": { "*nissāh*": "to test/try/attempt", "*lāḇôʾ*": "to come/enter/arrive", "*lāqaḥaṯ*": "to take/get/fetch", "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*qereḇ*": "midst/among/within", "*massōṯ*": "trials/tests/temptations", "*ʾōṯōṯ*": "signs/tokens/omens", "*môp̄əṯîm*": "wonders/miracles/portents", "*milḥāmāh*": "war/battle/fighting", "*yāḏ*": "hand/power/means", "*ḥăzāqāh*": "strong/mighty/firm", "*zərôaʿ*": "arm/strength/power", "*nəṭûyāh*": "outstretched/extended", "*môrāʾîm*": "fears/terrors/dreadful acts", "*ʿāśāh*": "to do/make/accomplish" } }
  • Deut 29:19-20 : 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.19", "source": "לֹא־יֹאבֶ֣ה יְהוָה֮ סְלֹ֣חַֽ לוֹ֒ כִּ֣י אָ֠ז יֶעְשַׁ֨ן אַף־יְהוָ֤ה וְקִנְאָתוֹ֙ בָּאִ֣ישׁ הַה֔וּא וְרָ֤בְצָה־‪[c]‬ בּוֹ֙ כָּל־הָ֣אָלָ֔ה הַכְּתוּבָ֖ה בַּסֵּ֣פֶר הַזֶּ֑ה וּמָחָ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אֶת־שְׁמ֔וֹ מִתַּ֖חַת הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃", "text": "Not-*yōʾbeh* *YHWH* *sᵉlōaḥ* to-him, for then *yeʿšan* anger-*YHWH* and-*qinʾātô* against-the-*ʾîš* the-that, and-*rābṣāh* against-him all-the-*ʾālāh* the-*kᵉtûbāh* in-the-*sēp̄er* the-*zeh*, and-*māḥāh* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*šᵉmô* from-under the-*šāmāyim*.", "grammar": { "*yōʾbeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will be willing", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*sᵉlōaḥ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to forgive/pardon", "*yeʿšan*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - it will smoke", "*qinʾātô*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his jealousy", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man", "*rābṣāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - it will lie down", "*ʾālāh*": "noun feminine singular - oath/curse", "*kᵉtûbāh*": "Qal passive participle feminine singular - written", "*sēp̄er*": "noun masculine singular - book/scroll", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective masculine singular - this", "*māḥāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he will wipe out", "*šᵉmô*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name", "*šāmāyim*": "noun masculine plural - heavens" }, "variants": { "*yōʾbeh*": "be willing/consent/agree", "*sᵉlōaḥ*": "to forgive/pardon/spare", "*yeʿšan*": "smoke/burn/be kindled", "*qinʾātô*": "his jealousy/zeal/passion", "*rābṣāh*": "settle upon/crouch/lie in wait", "*māḥāh*": "wipe out/blot out/destroy" } } 20 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.20", "source": "וְהִבְדִּיל֤וֹ יְהוָה֙ לְרָעָ֔ה מִכֹּ֖ל שִׁבְטֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כְּכֹל֙ אָל֣וֹת הַבְּרִ֔ית הַכְּתוּבָ֕ה בְּסֵ֥פֶר הַתּוֹרָ֖ה הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And-*hibdîlô* *YHWH* for-*rāʿāh* from-all *šibṭê* *Yiśrāʾēl*, according-to-all *ʾālôt* the-*bᵉrît* the-*kᵉtûbāh* in-*sēp̄er* the-*tôrāh* the-*zeh*.", "grammar": { "*hibdîlô*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he will separate him", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*rāʿāh*": "noun feminine singular - evil/harm", "*šibṭê*": "noun masculine plural construct - tribes of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾālôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - curses of", "*bᵉrît*": "noun feminine singular - covenant", "*kᵉtûbāh*": "Qal passive participle feminine singular - written", "*sēp̄er*": "noun masculine singular construct - book of", "*tôrāh*": "noun feminine singular - law/instruction", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*hibdîlô*": "separate him/single him out/set him apart", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/harm/disaster/calamity", "*ʾālôt*": "curses/oaths/imprecations", "*tôrāh*": "law/instruction/teaching" } }
  • 1 Sam 2:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.2.3", "source": "אַל־תַּרְבּ֤וּ תְדַבְּרוּ֙ גְּבֹהָ֣ה גְבֹהָ֔ה יֵצֵ֥א עָתָ֖ק מִפִּיכֶ֑ם כִּ֣י אֵ֤ל דֵּעוֹת֙ יְהוָ֔ה וְל֥וֹ נִתְכְּנ֖וּ עֲלִלֽוֹת׃", "text": "*ʾal*-*tarbû* *tədabbərû* *gəbōhâ* *gəbōhâ*, *yēṣēʾ* *ʿātāq* from *pîkem*, because *ʾēl* of *dēʿôt* is *YHWH*, and to him *nitəkənû* *ʿălilôt*.", "grammar": { "*ʾal*": "negative particle with jussive - do not", "*tarbû*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine plural jussive - multiply/increase", "*tədabbərû*": "Piel imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you speak", "*gəbōhâ*": "adjective feminine singular - high/proud/arrogant", "*gəbōhâ*": "repetition for emphasis - very high/extremely proud", "*yēṣēʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let it come out", "*ʿātāq*": "adjective masculine singular - arrogant/insolent", "*pîkem*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your mouth", "*ʾēl*": "noun masculine singular - God", "*dēʿôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - knowledges/knowledge", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*nitəkənû*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person plural - are weighed/measured", "*ʿălilôt*": "noun feminine plural - actions/deeds" }, "variants": { "*ʿātāq*": "arrogant/insolent/bold speech", "*dēʿôt*": "knowledge/omniscience/perfect understanding", "*nitəkənû*": "are weighed/measured/evaluated", "*ʿălilôt*": "actions/deeds/practices" } } 4 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.2.4", "source": "קֶ֥שֶׁת גִּבֹּרִ֖ים חַתִּ֑ים וְנִכְשָׁלִ֖ים אָ֥זְרוּ חָֽיִל׃", "text": "*qešet* *gibbōrîm* *ḥattîm*, and *nikšālîm* *ʾāzrû* *ḥāyil*.", "grammar": { "*qešet*": "noun feminine singular construct - bow of", "*gibbōrîm*": "adjective masculine plural - mighty men", "*ḥattîm*": "Qal passive participle masculine plural - broken/shattered", "*nikšālîm*": "Niphal participle masculine plural - stumbling ones/those who stumble", "*ʾāzrû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - are girded/clothed", "*ḥāyil*": "noun masculine singular - strength/might/power" }, "variants": { "*gibbōrîm*": "mighty men/warriors/heroes", "*ḥattîm*": "broken/shattered/dismayed", "*nikšālîm*": "those who stumble/fail/are weak", "*ʾāzrû*": "are girded/clothed/surrounded", "*ḥāyil*": "strength/might/valor" } }
  • 1 Sam 2:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.2.9", "source": "רַגְלֵ֤י חֲסִידָיו֙ יִשְׁמֹ֔ר וּרְשָׁעִ֖ים בַּחֹ֣שֶׁךְ יִדָּ֑מּוּ כִּֽי־לֹ֥א בְכֹ֖חַ יִגְבַּר־אִֽישׁ׃", "text": "*raglê* *ḥăsîdāyw* *yišmōr*, and *rəšāʿîm* in *ḥōšek* *yiddāmmû*; because-not in *kōaḥ* *yigbar*-*ʾîš*.", "grammar": { "*raglê*": "noun feminine dual construct - feet of", "*ḥăsîdāyw*": "adjective masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his faithful ones/godly ones", "*yišmōr*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he guards/keeps", "*rəšāʿîm*": "adjective masculine plural - wicked ones", "*ḥōšek*": "noun masculine singular - darkness", "*yiddāmmû*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they are silenced/they perish", "*kōaḥ*": "noun masculine singular - strength/power", "*yigbar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - prevails/is strong", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man" }, "variants": { "*ḥăsîdāyw*": "his faithful ones/his godly ones/his loyal ones", "*yišmōr*": "he guards/keeps/preserves", "*rəšāʿîm*": "wicked ones/evil ones/ungodly", "*yiddāmmû*": "they are silenced/they perish/they are cut off", "*yigbar*": "prevails/is strong/is mighty" } } 10 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.2.10", "source": "יְהוָ֞ה יֵחַ֣תּוּ מְרִיבָ֗יו עָלָיו֙ בַּשָּׁמַ֣יִם יַרְעֵ֔ם יְהוָ֖ה יָדִ֣ין אַפְסֵי־אָ֑רֶץ וְיִתֶּן־עֹ֣ז לְמַלְכּ֔וֹ וְיָרֵ֖ם קֶ֥רֶן מְשִׁיחֽוֹ׃", "text": "*YHWH* *yēḥattû* *mərîbāyw*, against him in *šāmayim* *yarʿēm*; *YHWH* *yādîn* *ʾafsê*-*ʾāreṣ*, and *yitten*-*ʿōz* to *malkô*, and *yārēm* *qeren* *məšîḥô*.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*yēḥattû*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will be shattered/broken", "*mərîbāyw*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his adversaries", "*šāmayim*": "noun masculine plural - heavens", "*yarʿēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he thunders", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*yādîn*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he judges", "*ʾafsê*": "noun masculine plural construct - ends of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth/land", "*yitten*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he gives", "*ʿōz*": "noun masculine singular - strength", "*malkô*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his king", "*yārēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he exalts", "*qeren*": "noun feminine singular construct - horn of", "*məšîḥô*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his anointed" }, "variants": { "*yēḥattû*": "they will be shattered/broken/dismayed", "*mərîbāyw*": "his adversaries/opponents/enemies", "*yarʿēm*": "he thunders/roars/causes to tremble", "*yādîn*": "he judges/governs/vindicates", "*ʾafsê*": "ends/extremities/boundaries", "*yitten*": "he gives/grants/bestows", "*ʿōz*": "strength/might/power", "*yārēm*": "he exalts/lifts up/raises", "*qeren*": "horn (symbol of strength/power/dignity)", "*məšîḥô*": "his anointed one/his messiah" } }
  • Job 40:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Job.40.9", "source": "וְאִם־זְר֖וֹעַ כָּאֵ֥ל ׀ לָ֑ךְ וּ֝בְק֗וֹל כָּמֹ֥הוּ תַרְעֵֽם׃", "text": "*wə-ʾim*-*zərôaʿ* *kā-ʾēl* *lāk* *û-bəqôl* *kāmōhû* *tarʿēm*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if", "*zərôaʿ*": "noun, feminine singular - arm, strength, power", "*kā-ʾēl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like God", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you, for you", "*û-bəqôl*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular - and with voice", "*kāmōhû*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - like him", "*tarʿēm*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you thunder" }, "variants": { "*zərôaʿ*": "arm, strength, might, power", "*ʾēl*": "God, deity, mighty one", "*qôl*": "voice, sound, noise", "*tarʿēm*": "to thunder, roar, make a loud noise" } } 10 { "verseID": "Job.40.10", "source": "עֲדֵ֥ה נָ֣א גָֽא֣וֹן וָגֹ֑בַהּ וְה֖וֹד וְהָדָ֣ר תִּלְבָּֽשׁ׃", "text": "*ʿădēh* *nāʾ* *gāʾôn* *wə-gōbah* *wə-hôd* *wə-hādār* *tilbāš*", "grammar": { "*ʿădēh*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - adorn", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please, now", "*gāʾôn*": "noun, masculine singular - majesty, excellence, pride", "*wə-gōbah*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and height, loftiness", "*wə-hôd*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and splendor, glory", "*wə-hādār*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and honor, majesty", "*tilbāš*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will clothe yourself" }, "variants": { "*ʿădēh*": "to adorn, deck, put on as ornament", "*gāʾôn*": "majesty, excellence, pride, exaltation", "*gōbah*": "height, elevation, exaltation, haughtiness", "*hôd*": "splendor, majesty, vigor, glory", "*hādār*": "honor, majesty, splendor, glory", "*tilbāš*": "to clothe, put on clothing, wear" } } 11 { "verseID": "Job.40.11", "source": "הָ֭פֵץ עֶבְר֣וֹת אַפֶּ֑ךָ וּרְאֵ֥ה כָל־גֵּ֝אֶ֗ה וְהַשְׁפִּילֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "*hāpēṣ* *ʿebrôt* *ʾappekā* *û-rəʾēh* *kol*-*gēʾeh* *wə-hašpîlēhû*", "grammar": { "*hāpēṣ*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular - scatter, disperse", "*ʿebrôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - overflowings, outbursts", "*ʾappekā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your nose/anger", "*û-rəʾēh*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine singular - and see", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of, every", "*gēʾeh*": "adjective, masculine singular - proud, haughty", "*wə-hašpîlēhû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperative, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and humble him" }, "variants": { "*hāpēṣ*": "to scatter, disperse, dash to pieces", "*ʿebrôt*": "outbursts, overflowings, fury, wrath", "*ʾappekā*": "nose, nostril, anger, face", "*rəʾēh*": "to see, look at, inspect, perceive", "*gēʾeh*": "proud, haughty, arrogant", "*hašpîlēhû*": "to make low, humble, abase" } } 12 { "verseID": "Job.40.12", "source": "רְאֵ֣ה כָל־גֵּ֭אֶה הַכְנִיעֵ֑הוּ וַהֲדֹ֖ךְ רְשָׁעִ֣ים תַּחְתָּֽם׃", "text": "*rəʾēh* *kol*-*gēʾeh* *haknîʿēhû* *wă-hădōk* *rəšāʿîm* *taḥtām*", "grammar": { "*rəʾēh*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - see, look at", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of, every", "*gēʾeh*": "adjective, masculine singular - proud, haughty", "*haknîʿēhû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - bring him low", "*wă-hădōk*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine singular - and crush, tread down", "*rəšāʿîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - wicked ones", "*taḥtām*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - under them" }, "variants": { "*rəʾēh*": "to see, look at, inspect, perceive", "*gēʾeh*": "proud, haughty, arrogant", "*haknîʿēhû*": "to humble, subdue, bring low", "*hădōk*": "to crush, tread down, trample", "*rəšāʿîm*": "wicked, criminal, guilty, hostile to God", "*taḥtām*": "under, beneath, instead of" } }
  • Ps 2:1-6 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.1", "source": "לָ֭מָּה רָגְשׁ֣וּ גוֹיִ֑ם וּ֝לְאֻמִּ֗ים יֶהְגּוּ־רִֽיק", "text": "*lāmmâ* *rāḡəšû* *gôyim* *û-ləʾummîm* *yehgû*-*rîq*", "grammar": { "*lāmmâ*": "interrogative adverb - why/for what reason", "*rāḡəšû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they rage/are in tumult", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations/gentiles", "*û-ləʾummîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and peoples/nations", "*yehgû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - they meditate/mutter/plot", "*rîq*": "masculine singular noun - emptiness/vanity" }, "variants": { "*rāḡəšû*": "rage/gather tumultuously/conspire", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/heathen peoples", "*yehgû*": "meditate/mutter/plot/imagine", "*rîq*": "emptiness/vanity/worthlessness/futility" } } 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.2", "source": "יִ֥תְיַצְּב֨וּ ׀ מַלְכֵי־אֶ֗רֶץ וְרוֹזְנִ֥ים נֽוֹסְדוּ־יָ֑חַד עַל־יְ֝הוָה וְעַל־מְשִׁיחֽוֹ", "text": "*yiṯyaṣṣəḇû* *malḵê*-*ʾereṣ* *wə-rôzənîm* *nôsəḏû*-*yāḥaḏ* *ʿal*-*YHWH* *wə-ʿal*-*məšîḥô*", "grammar": { "*yiṯyaṣṣəḇû*": "hithpael imperfect, 3rd person plural - they set themselves/take a stand", "*malḵê*": "construct masculine plural noun - kings of", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*wə-rôzənîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and rulers/princes", "*nôsəḏû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they take counsel together/consult together", "*yāḥaḏ*": "adverb - together/unitedly", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against/upon", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/Yahweh", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and against", "*məšîḥô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his anointed one" }, "variants": { "*yiṯyaṣṣəḇû*": "take a stand/set themselves/station themselves", "*rôzənîm*": "rulers/princes/potentates", "*nôsəḏû*": "consult together/take counsel together/conspire", "*məšîḥô*": "his anointed one/his messiah" } } 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.3", "source": "נְֽ֭נַתְּקָה אֶת־מֽוֹסְרוֹתֵ֑ימוֹ וְנַשְׁלִ֖יכָה מִמֶּ֣נּוּ עֲבֹתֵֽימוֹ", "text": "*nənatəqâ* *ʾeṯ*-*môsərôṯêmô* *wə-našlîḵâ* *mimmennû* *ʿăḇōṯêmô*", "grammar": { "*nənatəqâ*": "piel cohortative, 1st person plural - let us tear off/break", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*môsərôṯêmô*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bonds/fetters", "*wə-našlîḵâ*": "conjunction + hiphil cohortative, 1st person plural - and let us cast away", "*mimmennû*": "preposition + 1st person plural suffix - from us", "*ʿăḇōṯêmô*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their cords/ropes" }, "variants": { "*nənatəqâ*": "let us tear off/break/snap", "*môsərôṯêmô*": "their bonds/fetters/restraints", "*našlîḵâ*": "let us cast away/throw off/fling", "*ʿăḇōṯêmô*": "their cords/ropes/bonds" } } 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.4", "source": "יוֹשֵׁ֣ב בַּשָּׁמַ֣יִם יִשְׂחָ֑ק אֲ֝דֹנָ֗י יִלְעַג־לָֽמוֹ", "text": "*yôšēḇ* *baššāmayim* *yiśḥāq* *ʾăḏōnāy* *yilʿaḡ*-*lāmô*", "grammar": { "*yôšēḇ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - the one sitting/dwelling", "*baššāmayim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the heavens", "*yiśḥāq*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he laughs/mocks", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "proper noun - Lord/Master", "*yilʿaḡ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he scoffs/mocks/derides", "*lāmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - at them" }, "variants": { "*yôšēḇ*": "one sitting/dwelling/enthroned", "*yiśḥāq*": "laughs/mocks/ridicules", "*yilʿaḡ*": "scoffs/mocks/derides/holds in derision" } } 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.5", "source": "אָ֤ז יְדַבֵּ֣ר אֵלֵ֣ימוֹ בְאַפּ֑וֹ וּֽבַחֲרוֹנ֥וֹ יְבַהֲלֵֽמוֹ", "text": "*ʾāz* *yəḏabbēr* *ʾēlêmô* *ḇəʾappô* *û-ḇaḥărônô* *yəḇahălēmô*", "grammar": { "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*yəḏabbēr*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will speak", "*ʾēlêmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*ḇəʾappô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his anger/nostril", "*û-ḇaḥărônô*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and in his burning anger/wrath", "*yəḇahălēmô*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he will terrify/dismay them" }, "variants": { "*yəḏabbēr*": "speak/rebuke/address", "*ḇəʾappô*": "in his anger/nostril/face", "*ḥărônô*": "burning anger/fierce wrath/rage", "*yəḇahălēmô*": "terrify/dismay/alarm/overwhelm them" } } 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.6", "source": "וַ֭אֲנִי נָסַ֣כְתִּי מַלְכִּ֑י עַל־צִ֝יּ֗וֹן הַר־קָדְשִֽׁי", "text": "*wa-ʾănî* *nāsaḵtî* *malkî* *ʿal*-*ṣiyyôn* *har*-*qāḏšî*", "grammar": { "*wa-ʾănî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular pronoun - and I", "*nāsaḵtî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have installed/established", "*malkî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my king", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/over", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*har*": "masculine singular construct noun - mountain of", "*qāḏšî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my holiness/holy place" }, "variants": { "*nāsaḵtî*": "installed/established/set/anointed", "*ṣiyyôn*": "Zion (the hill of Jerusalem)", "*har-qāḏšî*": "my holy mountain/mountain of my holiness/my sacred hill" } }
  • Ps 33:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.33.10", "source": "יְֽהוָ֗ה הֵפִ֥יר עֲצַת־גּוֹיִ֑ם הֵ֝נִ֗יא מַחְשְׁב֥וֹת עַמִּֽים׃", "text": "*YHWH* *hēfîr* *ʿăṣat*-*gôyim* *hēnî'* *maḥšəbôt* *ʿammîm*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*hēfîr*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - frustrated/brought to nothing", "*ʿăṣat*": "feminine singular construct noun - counsel of/plan of", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations", "*hēnî'*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - thwarted/frustrated", "*maḥšəbôt*": "feminine plural construct noun - thoughts/plans", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun - peoples" }, "variants": { "*hēfîr*": "frustrated/brought to nothing/annulled/foiled", "*ʿăṣat*": "counsel of/plan of/advice of", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*hēnî'*": "thwarted/frustrated/prevented", "*maḥšəbôt*": "thoughts/plans/devices/intentions", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes" } }
  • Ps 52:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.52.9", "source": "הִנֵּ֤ה הַגֶּ֗בֶר לֹ֤א יָשִׂ֥ים אֱלֹהִ֗ים מָֽע֫וּזּ֥וֹ וַ֭יִּבְטַח בְּרֹ֣ב עָשְׁר֑וֹ יָ֝עֹ֗ז בְּהַוָּתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Hinnēh* the-*geber* not *yāśîm* *ʾĕlōhîm* his-*māʿôz*, and *wayyibṭaḥ* in-*rōb* his-*ʿōšer*, *yāʿōz* in-his-*hawwâ*.", "grammar": { "*Hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*ha-*": "definite article 'the'", "*geber*": "noun, masculine singular - man/warrior/strong man", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle 'not'", "*yāśîm*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Qal - he makes/places/sets", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (used as singular) - God", "*māʿôz*": "noun, masculine singular - stronghold/refuge", "*-ô*": "possessive suffix, 3rd masculine singular - his", "*wa-*": "conjunction 'and'", "*yibṭaḥ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Qal with waw consecutive - he trusted", "*bě-*": "preposition 'in'", "*rōb*": "noun, masculine singular, construct - abundance of", "*ʿōšer*": "noun, masculine singular - wealth/riches", "*-ô*": "possessive suffix, 3rd masculine singular - his", "*yāʿōz*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Qal - he was strong/prevailed", "*bě-*": "preposition 'in'", "*hawwâ*": "noun, feminine singular - desire/destruction/calamity", "*-ô*": "possessive suffix, 3rd masculine singular - his" }, "variants": { "*Hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*geber*": "man/mighty man/warrior/strong man", "*yāśîm*": "makes/places/sets/establishes", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods", "*māʿôz*": "stronghold/refuge/fortress", "*wayyibṭaḥ*": "trusted/relied on/was confident in", "*rōb*": "abundance/multitude/greatness", "*ʿōšer*": "wealth/riches/abundance", "*yāʿōz*": "was strong/prevailed/took refuge/became strong", "*hawwâ*": "destructive desire/ruin/calamity/mischief" } }
  • Ps 63:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.63.5", "source": "כֵּ֣ן אֲבָרֶכְךָ֣ בְחַיָּ֑י בְּ֝שִׁמְךָ אֶשָּׂ֥א כַפָּֽי׃", "text": "*Kēn* *ʾăbārekəkā* in *ḥayyāy* in *šimkā* *ʾeśśāʾ* *kappāy*", "grammar": { "*Kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾăbārekəkā*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 1st singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will bless you", "*bəḥayyāy*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - in my life", "*bəšimkā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your name", "*ʾeśśāʾ*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will lift up", "*kappāy*": "noun, feminine dual with 1st person singular suffix - my palms/hands" }, "variants": { "*ʾăbārekəkā*": "I will bless you/I will praise you", "*ḥayyāy*": "my life/my lifetime", "*ʾeśśāʾ*": "I will lift up/I will raise" } }
  • Ps 89:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.89.13", "source": "צָפוֹן וְיָמִין אַתָּה בְרָאתָם תָּבוֹר וְחֶרְמוֹן בְּשִׁמְךָ יְרַנֵּנוּ", "text": "*Ṣāpôn* and-*yāmîn* *ʾattâ* *bᵉrāʾtām*; *Tābôr* and-*Ḥermôn* in-*šimkā* *yᵉrannēnû*", "grammar": { "*Ṣāpôn*": "noun, masculine singular - north", "*wᵉ-yāmîn*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and south [lit. right hand]", "*ʾattâ*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*bᵉrāʾtām*": "verb, qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - you created them", "*Tābôr*": "proper noun - Mount Tabor", "*wᵉ-Ḥermôn*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Mount Hermon", "*bᵉ-šimkā*": "preposition + noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - in your name", "*yᵉrannēnû*": "verb, piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they rejoice" }, "variants": { "*Ṣāpôn*": "north/northern regions", "*yāmîn*": "south/right hand [directional]", "*bᵉrāʾtām*": "you created them/formed them", "*Tābôr*": "mountain in lower Galilee", "*Ḥermôn*": "mountain on northern border", "*šimkā*": "your name/reputation/character", "*yᵉrannēnû*": "they rejoice/sing for joy" } }
  • Isa 10:12-19 : 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.12", "source": "וְהָיָה כִּי־יְבַצַּע אֲדֹנָי אֶת־כָּל־מַעֲשֵׂהוּ בְּהַר צִיּוֹן וּבִירוּשָׁלָ͏ִם אֶפְקֹד עַל־פְּרִי־גֹדֶל לְבַב מֶלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר וְעַל־תִּפְאֶרֶת רוּם עֵינָיו", "text": "*wehāyāh* *kî*-*yebaṣṣaʿ* *ʾădōnāy* *ʾet*-*kāl*-*maʿăśēhû* *behar* *ṣiyyôn* *ûbîrûšālāim* *ʾep̄qōd* *ʿal*-*perî*-*gōdel* *lebab* *meleḵ*-*ʾaššûr* *weʿal*-*tip̄ʾeret* *rûm* *ʿênāyw*", "grammar": { "*wehāyāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*kî*": "conjunction - when/that", "*yebaṣṣaʿ*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he completes/finishes", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix used as divine title - the Lord", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*kāl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*maʿăśēhû*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his work", "*behar*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in mountain of", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*ûbîrûšālāim*": "waw conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and in Jerusalem", "*ʾep̄qōd*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will punish/visit", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/against", "*perî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fruit of", "*gōdel*": "noun, masculine singular construct - greatness of", "*lebab*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heart of", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*weʿal*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and upon", "*tip̄ʾeret*": "noun, feminine singular construct - glory/splendor of", "*rûm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - height/haughtiness of", "*ʿênāyw*": "noun, feminine dual + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eyes" }, "variants": { "*baṣṣaʿ*": "complete/finish/accomplish/cut off", "*pāqad*": "visit/punish/attend to/muster", "*perî*": "fruit/result/outcome/product", "*gōdel*": "greatness/pride/arrogance", "*tip̄ʾeret*": "glory/splendor/beauty/pride", "*rûm*": "height/haughtiness/loftiness/exaltation" } } 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.13", "source": "כִּי אָמַר בְּכֹחַ יָדִי עָשִׂיתִי וּבְחָכְמָתִי כִּי נְבֻנוֹתִי וְאָסִיר גְּבוּלֹת עַמִּים וַעֲתוּדוֹתֵיהֶם שׁוֹשֵׂתִי וְאוֹרִיד כַּאבִּיר יוֹשְׁבִים", "text": "*kî* *ʾāmar* *beḵōaḥ* *yādî* *ʿāśîtî* *ûbeḥāḵmātî* *kî* *nebûnôtî* *weʾāsîr* *gebûlōt* *ʿammîm* *waʿătûdôtêhem* *šôśētî* *weʾôrîd* *kaʾabbîr* *yôšebîm*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*beḵōaḥ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - by strength of", "*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*ʿāśîtî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have done", "*ûbeḥāḵmātî*": "waw conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - and by my wisdom", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*nebûnôtî*": "niphal perfect, 1st person singular - I am discerning/understanding", "*weʾāsîr*": "waw conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - and I removed", "*gebûlōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - borders of", "*ʿammîm*": "noun, masculine plural - peoples", "*waʿătûdôtêhem*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and their reserves/treasures", "*šôśētî*": "polel perfect, 1st person singular - I plundered", "*weʾôrîd*": "waw conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - and I brought down", "*kaʾabbîr*": "preposition + adjective, masculine singular - like a mighty one", "*yôšebîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - inhabitants/those dwelling" }, "variants": { "*kōaḥ*": "strength/power/might", "*ḥāḵmāh*": "wisdom/skill/cleverness", "*nebûnôtî*": "I am discerning/understanding/intelligent", "*gebûlōt*": "borders/boundaries/territories", "*ʿătûdôt*": "reserves/treasures/stores/prepared things", "*šāsāh*": "plunder/spoil/rob", "*ʾabbîr*": "mighty one/strong one/bull" } } 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.14", "source": "וַתִּמְצָא כַקֵּן יָדִי לְחֵיל הָעַמִּים וְכֶאֱסֹף בֵּיצִים עֲזֻבוֹת כָּל־הָאָרֶץ אֲנִי אָסָפְתִּי וְלֹא הָיָה נֹדֵד כָּנָף וּפֹצֶה פֶה וּמְצַפְצֵף", "text": "*wattimṣāʾ* *ḵaqqēn* *yādî* *leḥêl* *hāʿammîm* *weḵeʾĕsōp̄* *bêṣîm* *ʿăzubôt* *kāl*-*hāʾāreṣ* *ʾănî* *ʾāsāp̄tî* *welōʾ* *hāyāh* *nōdēd* *kānāp̄* *ûp̄ōṣeh* *p̄eh* *ûmeṣap̄ṣēp̄*", "grammar": { "*wattimṣāʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and it found/reached", "*ḵaqqēn*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - like the nest", "*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*leḥêl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - to wealth of", "*hāʿammîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the peoples", "*weḵeʾĕsōp̄*": "waw conjunction + preposition + qal infinitive construct - and like gathering", "*bêṣîm*": "noun, feminine plural - eggs", "*ʿăzubôt*": "qal passive participle, feminine plural - abandoned/forsaken", "*kāl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land", "*ʾănî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*ʾāsāp̄tî*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I gathered", "*welōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - there was", "*nōdēd*": "qal participle, masculine singular - fluttering/moving", "*kānāp̄*": "noun, feminine singular - wing", "*ûp̄ōṣeh*": "waw conjunction + qal participle, masculine singular - and opening", "*p̄eh*": "noun, masculine singular - mouth", "*ûmeṣap̄ṣēp̄*": "waw conjunction + pilpel participle, masculine singular - and chirping/peeping" }, "variants": { "*qēn*": "nest/dwelling place", "*ḥêl*": "wealth/strength/army/resources", "*ʿăzubôt*": "abandoned/forsaken/left", "*nōdēd*": "fluttering/moving/wandering", "*pōṣeh* *p̄eh*": "opening mouth/protesting", "*meṣap̄ṣēp̄*": "chirping/peeping/twittering" } } 15 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.15", "source": "הֲיִתְפָּאֵר הַגַּרְזֶן עַל הַחֹצֵב בּוֹ אִם־יִתְגַּדֵּל הַמַּשּׂוֹר עַל־מְנִיפוֹ כְּהָנִיף שֵׁבֶט וְאֶת־מְרִימָיו כְּהָרִים מַטֶּה לֹא־עֵץ", "text": "*hăyitp̄āʾēr* *haggarzen* *ʿal* *haḥōṣēb* *bô* *ʾim*-*yitgaddēl* *hammaśśôr* *ʿal*-*menîp̄ô* *kehānîp̄* *šēbeṭ* *weʾet*-*merîmāyw* *kehārîm* *maṭṭeh* *lōʾ*-*ʿēṣ*", "grammar": { "*hăyitp̄āʾēr*": "interrogative particle + hitpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - shall it boast", "*haggarzen*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the axe", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against", "*haḥōṣēb*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine singular - the one who hews", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with it", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - whether/if", "*yitgaddēl*": "hitpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - magnifies itself", "*hammaśśôr*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the saw", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against", "*menîp̄ô*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - the one who wields it", "*kehānîp̄*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - like wielding", "*šēbeṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - rod/staff", "*weʾet*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker", "*merîmāyw*": "hiphil participle, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - those raising it", "*kehārîm*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - like raising", "*maṭṭeh*": "noun, masculine singular - staff", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular - wood" }, "variants": { "*pāʾar*": "boast/glorify/beautify", "*garzen*": "axe/hatchet", "*ḥāṣab*": "hew/cut/dig", "*gādal*": "become great/magnify oneself", "*maśśôr*": "saw/cutting tool", "*nûp̄*": "wield/wave/brandish", "*rûm*": "raise/lift up/exalt", "*maṭṭeh* *lōʾ*-*ʿēṣ*": "staff not-wood/something not wooden" } } 16 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.16", "source": "לָכֵן יְשַׁלַּח הָאָדוֹן יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת בְּמִשְׁמַנָּיו רָזוֹן וְתַחַת כְּבֹדוֹ יֵקַד יְקֹד כִּיקוֹד אֵשׁ", "text": "*lāḵēn* *yešallaḥ* *hāʾādôn* *Yhwh* *ṣebāʾôt* *bemišmannāyw* *rāzôn* *wetaḥat* *kebōdô* *yēqad* *yeqōd* *kîqôd* *ʾēš*", "grammar": { "*lāḵēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*yešallaḥ*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will send", "*hāʾādôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the Lord", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*ṣebāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - of hosts/armies", "*bemišmannāyw*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - among his fat ones", "*rāzôn*": "noun, masculine singular - leanness/wasting", "*wetaḥat*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and under", "*kebōdô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his glory", "*yēqad*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will burn", "*yeqōd*": "noun, masculine singular - burning", "*kîqôd*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - like the burning of", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire" }, "variants": { "*mišmannîm*": "fat ones/robust ones/strong ones", "*rāzôn*": "leanness/wasting disease/emaciation", "*kebōd*": "glory/honor/abundance/weight", "*yāqad*": "burn/kindle/be kindled", "*yeqōd*": "burning/kindling" } } 17 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.17", "source": "וְהָיָה אוֹר־יִשְׂרָאֵל לְאֵשׁ וּקְדוֹשׁוֹ לְלֶהָבָה וּבָעֲרָה וְאָכְלָה שִׁיתוֹ וּשְׁמִירוֹ בְּיוֹם אֶחָד", "text": "*wehāyāh* *ʾôr*-*yiśrāʾēl* *leʾēš* *ûqedôšô* *lelehābāh* *ûbāʿărāh* *weʾāḵelāh* *šîtô* *ûšemîrô* *beyôm* *ʾeḥād*", "grammar": { "*wehāyāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and will be", "*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - light of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*leʾēš*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for a fire", "*ûqedôšô*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his Holy One", "*lelehābāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for a flame", "*ûbāʿărāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and it will burn", "*weʾāḵelāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and it will devour", "*šîtô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his thorns", "*ûšemîrô*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his briers", "*beyôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in day", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral, masculine singular - one" }, "variants": { "*ʾôr*": "light/luminary/flame", "*qādôš*": "holy one/sacred one", "*lehābāh*": "flame/blaze", "*bāʿar*": "burn/consume/kindle", "*ʾāḵal*": "eat/devour/consume", "*šît*": "thorns/thistles/briars", "*šāmîr*": "briers/thorns/brambles" } } 18 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.18", "source": "וּכְבוֹד יַעְרוֹ וְכַרְמִלּוֹ מִנֶּפֶשׁ וְעַד־בָּשָׂר יְכַלֶּה וְהָיָה כִּמְסֹס נֹסֵס", "text": "*ûḵebôd* *yaʿrô* *weḵarmillô* *minnep̄eš* *weʿad*-*bāśār* *yeḵalleh* *wehāyāh* *kimsōs* *nōsēs*", "grammar": { "*ûḵebôd*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and glory of", "*yaʿrô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his forest", "*weḵarmillô*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his fruitful field", "*minnep̄eš*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - from soul", "*weʿad*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and to", "*bāśār*": "noun, masculine singular - flesh", "*yeḵalleh*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will consume/destroy", "*wehāyāh*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and will be", "*kimsōs*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - like melting of", "*nōsēs*": "qal participle, masculine singular - a sick person/one wasting away" }, "variants": { "*yaʿar*": "forest/thicket/wooded area", "*karmel*": "fruitful field/orchard/garden land", "*nep̄eš*": "soul/life/person/being", "*bāśār*": "flesh/body/person", "*kālāh*": "finish/complete/destroy/consume", "*māsas*": "melting/wasting away/dissolving", "*nōsēs*": "one who is sick/standard-bearer/one wasting away" } } 19 { "verseID": "Isaiah.10.19", "source": "וּשְׁאָר עֵץ יַעְרוֹ מִסְפָּר יִהְיוּ וְנַעַר יִכְתְּבֵם", "text": "*ûšeʾār* *ʿēṣ* *yaʿrô* *mispār* *yihyû* *wenaʿar* *yiḵtebēm*", "grammar": { "*ûšeʾār*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and remainder of", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - trees of", "*yaʿrô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his forest", "*mispār*": "noun, masculine singular - number/few", "*yihyû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be", "*wenaʿar*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a child/youth", "*yiḵtebēm*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - will write them" }, "variants": { "*šeʾār*": "remainder/remnant/residue", "*mispār*": "number/few/count", "*naʿar*": "child/youth/servant/boy", "*kātab*": "write/record/inscribe" } }