Luke 23:34

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

And Jesus said, 'Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing.' Then they divided His garments by casting lots.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

¶Ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς ἔλεγεν, Πάτερ, ἄφες αὐτοῖς· οὐ γὰρ οἴδασιν τί ποιοῦσιν. Διαμεριζόμενοι δὲ τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ, ἔβαλον κλῆρον.

Transliteration

The de Iēsous was-elegen, Pater, aphes them; not for they-oidasin what they-poiousin. Diamerizomenoi de the himatia of-him, they-ebalon klēron.

Grammar Details

• *Iēsous*: nominative singular masculine - Jesus
• *elegen*: imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was saying
• *Pater*: vocative singular masculine - Father
• *aphes*: aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - forgive/release
• *oidasin*: perfect active indicative, 3rd plural - they know
• *poiousin*: present active indicative, 3rd plural - they do/are doing
• *Diamerizomenoi*: present middle/passive participle, nominative plural masculine - dividing among themselves
• *himatia*: accusative plural neuter - garments/clothes
• *ebalon*: aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - cast/threw
• *klēron*: accusative singular masculine - lot/dice

Word Meanings

• *elegen*: was saying/speaking
• *Pater*: Father
• *aphes*: forgive/release/let go
• *oidasin*: know/understand
• *poiousin*: do/make/perform
• *Diamerizomenoi*: dividing/distributing among themselves
• *himatia*: garments/clothes/robes
• *ebalon*: cast/threw/placed
• *klēron*: lot/dice/portion

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. And they parted his raiment, and cast lots.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Then Jesus said, Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they do. And they divided His garments and cast lots.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. And they parted his raiment, and cast lots.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And{G1161} Jesus{G2424} said,{G3004} Father,{G3962} forgive{G863} them;{G846} for{G1063} they know{G1492} not{G3756} what{G5101} they do.{G4160} And{G1161} parting{G1266} his{G846} garments{G2440} among them, they cast{G906} lots.{G2819}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then{G1161} said{G3004}{(G5707)} Jesus{G2424}, Father{G3962}, forgive{G863}{(G5628)} them{G846}; for{G1063} they know{G1492}{(G5758)} not{G3756} what{G5101} they do{G4160}{(G5719)}. And{G1161} they parted{G1266}{(G5734)} his{G846} raiment{G2440}, and cast{G906}{(G5627)} lots{G2819}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Then sayde Iesus: father forgeve them for they woot not what they do. And they parted his rayment and cast loottes.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But Iesus sayde: Father, forgeue them, for they wote not what they do. And they parted his garmentes, and cast lottes therfore.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then sayd Iesus, Father, forgiue them: for they know not what they doe; they parted his raiment, and cast lottes.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Then said Iesus, Father forgeue the, for they wote not what they do. And they parted his rayment, & cast lottes.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Then said Jesus, ‹Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do.› And they parted his raiment, and cast lots.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Jesus said, "Father, forgive them, for they don't know what they are doing." Dividing his garments among them, they cast lots.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And Jesus said, `Father, forgive them, for they have not known what they do;' and parting his garments they cast a lot.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Jesus said, Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. And parting his garments among them, they cast lots.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Jesus said, Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. And parting his garments among them, they cast lots.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And Jesus said, Father, let them have forgiveness, for they have no knowledge of what they are doing. And they made division of his clothing among them by the decision of chance.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Jesus said, "Father, forgive them, for they don't know what they are doing." Dividing his garments among them, they cast lots.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  [But Jesus said,“Father, forgive them, for they don’t know what they are doing.”] Then they threw dice to divide his clothes.

Referenced Verses

• Matt 5:44 : 44 But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you,
• Ps 22:18 : 18 I can count all my bones; people stare and gloat over me.
• 1 Pet 3:9 : 9 Do not repay evil for evil or insult for insult, but on the contrary, give a blessing, because to this you were called, so that you may inherit a blessing.
• 1 Pet 2:20-23 : 20 What credit is it if you sin and are beaten for it, and you endure? But if you do good and suffer for it, and you endure, this is commendable before God. 21 To this you were called, because Christ also suffered for you, leaving you an example to follow in His footsteps. 22 He committed no sin, and no deceit was found in His mouth. 23 When He was reviled, He did not revile in return. When He suffered, He did not threaten, but entrusted Himself to the One who judges justly.
• Luke 6:27-28 : 27 But I say to you who are listening: Love your enemies and do good to those who hate you. 28 Bless those who curse you, and pray for those who mistreat you.
• Acts 7:60 : 60 Then he fell to his knees and cried out, 'Lord, do not hold this sin against them.' When he had said this, he fell asleep.
• 1 Cor 2:8 : 8 This wisdom none of the rulers of this age understood, for if they had understood it, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory.
• Acts 3:17 : 17 And now, brothers, I know that you acted in ignorance, just as your leaders also did.
• Isa 53:12 : 12 Therefore I will give him a portion among the great, and he will divide the spoils with the strong, because he poured out his life unto death and was numbered with the transgressors. He bore the sin of many and made intercession for the transgressors.
• Gen 50:17 : 17 'This is what you are to say to Joseph: “Please forgive the transgressions of your brothers and their sin, for they treated you so badly.” Now, please forgive the transgressions of the servants of the God of your father.' Joseph wept when they spoke to him.
• Ps 106:16-23 : 16 They envied Moses in the camp, and Aaron, the holy one of the LORD. 17 The earth opened up and swallowed Dathan; it covered the company of Abiram. 18 Fire blazed among their company; flames consumed the wicked. 19 They made a calf at Horeb and worshiped a cast image. 20 They exchanged their glory for the image of an ox that eats grass. 21 They forgot God their Savior, who did great things in Egypt, 22 wondrous works in the land of Ham, and awesome deeds at the Red Sea. 23 So He said He would destroy them had not Moses, His chosen one, stood in the breach before Him to turn His wrath away from destroying them.
• John 15:22-24 : 22 If I had not come and spoken to them, they would not be guilty of sin; but now they have no excuse for their sin. 23 Whoever hates me also hates my Father. 24 If I had not done the works among them that no one else did, they would not be guilty of sin. But now they have seen these works, and yet they have hated both me and my Father.
• 1 Cor 4:12 : 12 We work hard with our own hands. When we are insulted, we bless; when we are persecuted, we endure it.
• 1 Tim 1:13 : 13 Even though I was formerly a blasphemer, a persecutor, and a violent man, I was shown mercy because I acted in ignorance and unbelief.
• Rom 12:14 : 14 Bless those who persecute you; bless and do not curse.
• John 19:23-24 : 23 When the soldiers had crucified Jesus, they took his garments and divided them into four parts, one for each soldier. They also took the tunic, which was seamless, woven from top to bottom. 24 So they said to one another, "Let us not tear it, but cast lots to decide whose it shall be." This happened so that the Scripture might be fulfilled that says, "They divided my garments among themselves, and for my clothing they cast lots." So this is what the soldiers did.
• Luke 12:47-48 : 47 That servant who knew his master’s will and did not prepare or act according to his will, will be beaten with many blows. 48 But the one who did not know and did things deserving of punishment will receive a light beating. From everyone who has been given much, much will be demanded, and from the one who has been entrusted with much, even more will be asked.
• Luke 23:47-48 : 47 When the centurion saw what had happened, he praised God and said, 'Surely this was a righteous man.' 48 And all the crowds who had gathered to witness this event, seeing what had happened, went home beating their chests.
• Matt 11:25 : 25 At that time Jesus said, 'I praise You, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because You have hidden these things from the wise and learned, and revealed them to little children.'
• Mark 15:24 : 24 Then they nailed Him to the cross. They divided His garments by casting lots to decide what each one would take.
• John 19:11 : 11 Jesus answered, "You would have no authority over me unless it had been given to you from above. Therefore, the one who handed me over to you is guilty of a greater sin.