Ezekiel 12:19

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Ezekiel.12.19", "source": "וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֶל־עַ֣ם הָאָ֡רֶץ כֹּֽה־אָמַר֩ אֲדֹנָ֨י יְהוִ֜ה לְיוֹשְׁבֵ֤י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ אֶל־אַדְמַ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לַחְמָם֙ בִּדְאָגָ֣ה יֹאכֵ֔לוּ וּמֵֽימֵיהֶ֖ם בְּשִׁמָּמ֣וֹן יִשְׁתּ֑וּ לְמַ֜עַן תֵּשַׁ֤ם אַרְצָהּ֙ מִמְּלֹאָ֔הּ מֵחֲמַ֖ס כָּֽל־הַיֹּשְׁבִ֥ים בָּֽהּ׃", "text": "And-*ʾāmartā* to-*ʿam* the-*ʾāreṣ* thus-*ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* to-*yôšəḇê* *Yərûšālaim* to-*ʾaḏmaṯ* *Yiśrāʾēl* *laḥmām* in-*dəʾāgâ* *yōʾḵēlû* and-*mêmêhem* in-*šimmāmôn* *yištû* so-that *tēšam* *ʾarṣāh* from-*məlōʾāh* from-*ḥămas* all-the-*yōšəḇîm* in-her", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall say", "*ʿam*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*": "divine names in combination - Lord YHWH", "*yôšəḇê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*Yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*ʾaḏmaṯ*": "common noun, feminine singular construct - land/ground of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*laḥmām*": "common noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their bread", "*dəʾāgâ*": "common noun, feminine singular - anxiety/worry", "*yōʾḵēlû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - they will eat", "*mêmêhem*": "common noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their waters", "*šimmāmôn*": "common noun, masculine singular - horror/astonishment", "*yištû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - they will drink", "*tēšam*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be desolate", "*ʾarṣāh*": "common noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her land", "*məlōʾāh*": "common noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her fullness", "*ḥămas*": "common noun, masculine singular - violence", "*yōšəḇîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the inhabitants/dwellers" }, "variants": { "*šimmāmôn*": "horror/astonishment/desolation", "*məlōʾāh*": "her fullness/abundance/contents" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֶל־עַ֣ם הָאָ֡רֶץ כֹּֽה־אָמַר֩ אֲדֹנָ֨י יְהוִ֜ה לְיוֹשְׁבֵ֤י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ אֶל־אַדְמַ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לַחְמָם֙ בִּדְאָגָ֣ה יֹאכֵ֔לוּ וּמֵֽימֵיהֶ֖ם בְּשִׁמָּמ֣וֹן יִשְׁתּ֑וּ לְמַ֜עַן תֵּשַׁ֤ם אַרְצָהּ֙ מִמְּלֹאָ֔הּ מֵחֲמַ֖ס כָּֽל־הַיֹּשְׁבִ֥ים בָּֽהּ׃

Transliteration

And-ʾāmartā to-ʿam the-ʾāreṣ thus-ʾāmar ʾădōnāy YHWH to-yôšəḇê Yərûšālaim to-ʾaḏmaṯ Yiśrāʾēl laḥmām in-dəʾāgâ yōʾḵēlû and-mêmêhem in-šimmāmôn yištû so-that tēšam ʾarṣāh from-məlōʾāh from-ḥămas all-the-yōšəḇîm in-her

Grammar Details

• *ʾāmartā*: qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall say
• *ʿam*: common noun, masculine singular construct - people of
• *ʾāreṣ*: common noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land
• *ʾāmar*: qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said
• *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*: divine names in combination - Lord YHWH
• *yôšəḇê*: qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of
• *Yərûšālaim*: proper noun - Jerusalem
• *ʾaḏmaṯ*: common noun, feminine singular construct - land/ground of
• *Yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel
• *laḥmām*: common noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their bread
• *dəʾāgâ*: common noun, feminine singular - anxiety/worry
• *yōʾḵēlû*: qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - they will eat
• *mêmêhem*: common noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their waters
• *šimmāmôn*: common noun, masculine singular - horror/astonishment
• *yištû*: qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - they will drink
• *tēšam*: qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will be desolate
• *ʾarṣāh*: common noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her land
• *məlōʾāh*: common noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her fullness
• *ḥămas*: common noun, masculine singular - violence
• *yōšəḇîm*: qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the inhabitants/dwellers

Word Meanings

• *šimmāmôn*: horror/astonishment/desolation
• *məlōʾāh*: her fullness/abundance/contents

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Say to the people of the land, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says about the inhabitants of Jerusalem and the land of Israel: They will eat their bread with anxiety and drink their water in desolation, for their land will be stripped of all it contains because of the violence of all who live there.’

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And say unto the people of the land, Thus saith the Lord GOD of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and of the land of Israel; They shall eat their bread with carefulness, and drink their water with astonishment, that her land may be desolate from all that is therein, because of the violence of all them that dwell therein.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And say to the people of the land, Thus says the Lord GOD of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and of the land of Israel; They shall eat their bread with anxiety, and drink their water with desolation, that her land may be desolate from all that is in it, because of the violence of all who dwell therein.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And say unto the people of the land, Thus saith the Lord GOD of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and of the land of Israel; They shall eat their bread with carefulness, and drink their water with astonishment, that her land may be desolate from all that is therein, because of the violence of all them that dwell therein.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  and say unto the people of the land, Thus saith the Lord Jehovah concerning the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the land of Israel: They shall eat their bread with fearfulness, and drink their water in dismay, that her land may be desolate, [and despoiled] of all that is therein, because of the violence of all them that dwell therein.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And say unto the people of the land, Thus saith the Lord GOD of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and of the land of Israel; They shall eat their bread with carefulness, and drink their water with astonishment, that her land may be desolate from all that is therein, because of the violence of all them that dwell therein.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And vnto the people of the londe, speake thou on this maner: Thus saieth the LORDE God, to them that dwell in Ierusalem, and to the londe of Israel: Ye shall eate youre bred with sorowe, and drynke youre water with heuynesse: Yee the londe with the fulnesse therof shalbe layde waist, for ye wickednesse of them that dwell therin.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And say vnto the people of the land, Thus saith the Lorde God of the inhabitants of Ierusalem, and of the lande of Israel, They shall eate their bread with carefulnes, and drinke their water with desolation: for the lande shall bee desolate from her abundance because of the crueltie of them that dwell therein.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And vnto the people of the lande speake thou: Thus saith the Lord God to them that dwell in Hierusalem, and to the lande of Israel: they shall eate their bread with sorowe, and drynke their water with desolation: yea the lande with the fulnesse therof shalbe layde waste for the wickednesse of all them that dwell therin.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And say unto the people of the land, Thus saith the Lord GOD of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, [and] of the land of Israel; They shall eat their bread with carefulness, and drink their water with astonishment, that her land may be desolate from all that is therein, because of the violence of all them that dwell therein.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  and tell the people of the land, Thus says the Lord Yahweh concerning the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the land of Israel: They shall eat their bread with fearfulness, and drink their water in dismay, that her land may be desolate, [and despoiled] of all that is therein, because of the violence of all those who dwell therein.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and thou hast said unto the people of the land, Thus said the Lord Jehovah concerning the inhabitants of Jerusalem, concerning the land of Israel: Their bread with fear they do eat, and their water with astonishment drink, because its land is desolate, because of its fulness, because of the violence of all who are dwelling in it.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and say unto the people of the land, Thus saith the Lord Jehovah concerning the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the land of Israel: They shall eat their bread with fearfulness, and drink their water in dismay, that her land may be desolate, `and despoiled' of all that is therein, because of the violence of all them that dwell therein.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and say unto the people of the land, Thus saith the Lord Jehovah concerning the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the land of Israel: They shall eat their bread with fearfulness, and drink their water in dismay, that her land may be desolate, [and despoiled] of all that is therein, because of the violence of all them that dwell therein.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And say to the people of the land, This is what the Lord has said about the people of Jerusalem and the land of Israel: They will take their food with care and their drink with wonder, so that all the wealth of their land may be taken from it because of the violent ways of the people living in it.

• World English Bible (2000)

  and tell the people of the land, Thus says the Lord Yahweh concerning the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the land of Israel: They shall eat their bread with fearfulness, and drink their water in dismay, that her land may be desolate, [and despoiled] of all that is therein, because of the violence of all those who dwell therein.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Then say to the people of the land,‘This is what the Sovereign LORD says about the inhabitants of Jerusalem and of the land of Israel: They will eat their bread with anxiety and drink their water in fright, for their land will be stripped bare of all it contains because of the violence of all who live in it.

Referenced Verses

• Zech 7:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Zechariah.7.14", "source": "וְאֵ֣סָעֲרֵ֗ם עַ֤ל כָּל־הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־יְדָע֔וּם וְהָאָ֙רֶץ֙ נָשַׁ֣מָּה אַֽחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם מֵֽעֹבֵ֖ר וּמִשָּׁ֑ב וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ אֶֽרֶץ־חֶמְדָּ֖ה לְשַׁמָּֽה׃ פ", "text": "And *wə-ʾēsāʿărēm* upon all the *gôyim* which not *yəḏāʿûm*, and the *hāʾāreṣ* *nāšammāh* *ʾaḥărêhem* from *mēʿōḇēr* and from *miššāḇ*. And *wa-yāśîmû* *ʾereṣ-ḥemdāh* to *šammāh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾēsāʿărēm*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 1st common singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and I will scatter them", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations", "*yəḏāʿûm*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - they knew them", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*nāšammāh*": "niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - was desolate/was devastated", "*ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - after them", "*mēʿōḇēr*": "preposition + qal participle, masculine singular - from passing", "*miššāḇ*": "preposition + qal participle, masculine singular - from returning", "*wa-yāśîmû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they made/placed", "*ʾereṣ-ḥemdāh*": "noun, feminine singular + noun, feminine singular - land of desire/pleasant land", "*šammāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation/waste" }, "variants": { "*wə-ʾēsāʿărēm*": "and I will scatter them/and I will storm them away/and I will whirl them", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*nāšammāh*": "was desolate/was deserted/was devastated", "*mēʿōḇēr ûmiššāḇ*": "from passing and from returning/from coming and going (idiom for all traffic)", "*ʾereṣ-ḥemdāh*": "pleasant land/desirable land/delightful land", "*šammāh*": "desolation/waste/astonishment" } }
• Mic 7:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Micah.7.13", "source": "וְהָיְתָ֥ה הָאָ֛רֶץ לִשְׁמָמָ֖ה עַל־יֹֽשְׁבֶ֑יהָ מִפְּרִ֖י מַֽעַלְלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *hāyətāh* the-*ʾāreṣ* to-*šəmāmāh* because of-its *yōšəbêhā*, from-*pərî* their *maʿaləlêhem*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hāyətāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - has become/will become", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land/earth", "*li-šəmāmāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - to desolation", "*ʿal*": "preposition - because of/on account of", "*yōšəbêhā*": "Qal participle, masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its inhabitants", "*mi-pərî*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - from/because of fruit of", "*maʿaləlêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their deeds/practices" }, "variants": { "*hāyətāh*": "has become/will become/shall be", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*šəmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/wilderness", "*yōšəbêhā*": "its inhabitants/dwellers/residents", "*pərî maʿaləlêhem*": "fruit of their deeds/result of their actions/consequence of their practices" } }
• Ezek 6:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.6.6", "source": "בְּכֹל֙ מוֹשְׁב֣וֹתֵיכֶ֔ם הֶעָרִ֣ים תֶּחֱרַ֔בְנָה וְהַבָּמ֖וֹת תִּישָׁ֑מְנָה לְמַעַן֩ יֶחֶרְב֨וּ וְיֶאְשְׁמ֜וּ מִזְבְּחֽוֹתֵיכֶ֗ם וְנִשְׁבְּר֤וּ וְנִשְׁבְּתוּ֙ גִּלּ֣וּלֵיכֶ֔ם וְנִגְדְּעוּ֙ חַמָּ֣נֵיכֶ֔ם וְנִמְח֖וּ מַעֲשֵׂיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*bəḵōl* *môšəbôtêḵem* *heʿārîm* *teḥĕrabnāh* *wə-habbāmôt* *tîšāmənāh* *ləmaʿan* *yeḥerbû* *wə-yeʾšəmû* *mizbəḥôtêḵem* *wə-nišbərû* *wə-nišbətû* *gillûlêḵem* *wə-nigdəʿû* *ḥammānêḵem* *wə-nimḥû* *maʿăśêḵem*", "grammar": { "*bəḵōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in all of", "*môšəbôtêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your dwelling places", "*heʿārîm*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the cities", "*teḥĕrabnāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will be laid waste", "*wə-habbāmôt*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine plural - and the high places", "*tîšāmənāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will be desolate", "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that", "*yeḥerbû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will be laid waste", "*wə-yeʾšəmû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they will be held guilty", "*mizbəḥôtêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your altars", "*wə-nišbərû*": "conjunction + niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will be broken", "*wə-nišbətû*": "conjunction + niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will cease", "*gillûlêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your idols", "*wə-nigdəʿû*": "conjunction + niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will be cut down", "*ḥammānêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your incense altars/sun-pillars", "*wə-nimḥû*": "conjunction + niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will be wiped out", "*maʿăśêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your works" }, "variants": { "*môšəbôt*": "dwelling places/settlements/habitations", "*teḥĕrabnāh*": "will be laid waste/deserted/destroyed", "*bāmôt*": "high places/ritual platforms", "*tîšāmənāh*": "will be desolate/abandoned/ruined", "*yeʾšəmû*": "will be guilty/bear guilt/be punished", "*nišbətû*": "will cease/stop/come to an end", "*nigdəʿû*": "will be cut down/hewn down/chopped off", "*nimḥû*": "will be wiped out/blotted out/erased", "*maʿăśîm*": "works/deeds/creations" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.6.7", "source": "וְנָפַ֥ל חָלָ֖ל בְּתֽוֹכְכֶ֑ם וִֽידַעְתֶּ֖ם כִּֽי־אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-nāpal* *ḥālāl* *bətôḵəḵem* *wîdaʿtem* *kî*-*ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wə-nāpal*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will fall", "*ḥālāl*": "noun, masculine singular - slain", "*bətôḵəḵem*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your midst", "*wîdaʿtem*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you will know", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*nāpal*": "will fall/drop/collapse", "*ḥālāl*": "slain/pierced/fatally wounded", "*tôḵ*": "midst/middle/among", "*yādaʿ*": "know/acknowledge/recognize" } }
• Ezek 6:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.6.14", "source": "וְנָטִ֤יתִי אֶת־יָדִי֙ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וְנָתַתִּ֨י אֶת־הָאָ֜רֶץ שְׁמָמָ֤ה וּמְשַׁמָּה֙ מִמִּדְבַּ֣ר דִּבְלָ֔תָה בְּכֹ֖ל מוֹשְׁבֽוֹתֵיהֶ֑ם וְיָדְע֖וּ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ פ", "text": "*wə-nāṭîtî* *ʾet*-*yādî* *ʿălêhem* *wə-nātattî* *ʾet*-*hāʾāreṣ* *šəmāmāh* *ûməšammāh* *mimmidbar* *diblātāh* *bəḵōl* *môšəbôtêhem* *wə-yādəʿû* *kî*-*ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wə-nāṭîtî*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 1st person singular - and I will stretch out", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them", "*wə-nātattî*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 1st person singular - and I will make", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*šəmāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation", "*ûməšammāh*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and waste", "*mimmidbar*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from wilderness", "*diblātāh*": "proper noun - Diblah", "*bəḵōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in all", "*môšəbôtêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their dwelling places", "*wə-yādəʿû*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will know", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD" }, "variants": { "*nāṭîtî*": "stretch out/extend/reach out", "*yād*": "hand/power/strength", "*nātattî*": "make/put/place", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*šəmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/ruin", "*məšammāh*": "waste/desolation/ruin", "*midbar*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*diblātāh*": "Diblah (place name)", "*môšəbôt*": "dwelling places/habitations/settlements", "*yādəʿû*": "know/recognize/acknowledge" } }
• Ezek 7:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.7.23", "source": "עֲשֵׂ֖ה הָֽרַתּ֑וֹק כִּ֣י הָאָ֗רֶץ מָֽלְאָה֙ מִשְׁפַּ֣ט דָּמִ֔ים וְהָעִ֖יר מָלְאָ֥ה חָמָֽס׃", "text": "*ʿăśēh* *hā-rattôq* *kî* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *mālěʾāh* *mišpaṭ* *dāmîm* *wə-hā-ʿîr* *mālěʾāh* *ḥāmās*", "grammar": { "*ʿăśēh*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - make", "*hā-rattôq*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the chain", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*mālěʾāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - is full of", "*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment of", "*dāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - bloods/bloodshed", "*wə-hā-ʿîr*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the city", "*mālěʾāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - is full of", "*ḥāmās*": "noun, masculine singular - violence" }, "variants": { "*ʿăśēh*": "make/do/fashion", "*rattôq*": "chain/fetter/bond", "*mišpaṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision", "*dāmîm*": "bloods/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/cruelty" } }
• Jer 10:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.10.22", "source": "ק֤וֹל שְׁמוּעָה֙ הִנֵּ֣ה בָאָ֔ה וְרַ֥עַשׁ גָּד֖וֹל מֵאֶ֣רֶץ צָפ֑וֹן לָשׂ֞וּם אֶת־עָרֵ֧י יְהוּדָ֛ה שְׁמָמָ֖ה מְע֥וֹן תַּנִּֽים׃", "text": "*Qôl* *šəmûʿāh* behold *bāʾāh* and-*raʿaš* *gādôl* from-*ʾereṣ* *ṣāfôn* to-make *ʾet*-cities-of *Yəhûdāh* *šəmāmāh* *məʿôn* *tannîm*", "grammar": { "*Qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sound of", "*šəmûʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - report/news", "*bāʾāh*": "qal participle, feminine singular - coming", "*raʿaš*": "noun, masculine singular - quaking/shaking/commotion", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*ṣāfôn*": "noun, masculine singular - north", "*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*šəmāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation/waste", "*məʿôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - dwelling place of", "*tannîm*": "noun, masculine plural - jackals/dragons" }, "variants": { "*Qôl*": "sound/voice/noise", "*šəmûʿāh*": "report/news/rumor/tidings", "*raʿaš*": "quaking/shaking/commotion/earthquake", "*ṣāfôn*": "north/northern region", "*šəmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/horror", "*məʿôn*": "dwelling place/habitation/lair/den", "*tannîm*": "jackals/dragons/serpents/monsters" } }
• Jer 18:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.18.16", "source": "לָשׂ֥וּם אַרְצָ֛ם לְשַׁמָּ֖ה *שרוקת **שְׁרִיק֣וֹת עוֹלָ֑ם כֹּ֚ל עוֹבֵ֣ר עָלֶ֔יהָ יִשֹּׁ֖ם וְיָנִ֥יד בְּרֹאשֽׁוֹ׃", "text": "To *lāśûm* their land to *šammāh* *šĕrîqôt* *ʿôlām*; all who *ʿôbēr* by it *yiššōm* and *yānîd* his head", "grammar": { "*lāśûm*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to make/set", "*šammāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation/horror", "*šĕrîqôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - hissing/derision of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - forever/lasting", "*ʿôbēr*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - passing by", "*yiššōm*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be appalled", "*yānîd*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will shake/wag" }, "variants": { "*lāśûm*": "to make/set/establish", "*šammāh*": "desolation/horror/waste", "*šĕrîqôt*": "hissing/derision/scorn", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/everlasting/perpetual", "*ʿôbēr*": "passing by/crossing over", "*yiššōm*": "will be appalled/astonished/horrified", "*yānîd*": "will shake/wag/nod" } }
• Jer 32:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.32.28", "source": "לָכֵ֕ן כֹּ֖ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה הִנְנִ֣י נֹתֵן֩ אֶת־הָעִ֨יר הַזֹּ֜את בְּיַ֣ד הַכַּשְׂדִּ֗ים וּבְיַ֛ד נְבֽוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֥ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֖ל וּלְכָדָֽהּ׃", "text": "*lākēn* *kōh* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *hinənî* *nōtēn* *ʾet*-the-*ʿîr* the-*zōʾt* in-*yad* the-*kaśdîm* and-in-*yad* *nəbûkadreʾṣṣar* *melek*-*bābel* *û-ləkādāh*", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - said", "*YHWH*": "proper name - divine name, tetragrammaton", "*hinənî*": "interjection + 1st person singular suffix - behold me", "*nōtēn*": "qal participle masculine singular - giving", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿîr*": "common noun feminine singular - city", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective feminine singular - this", "*yad*": "common noun feminine singular construct - hand of", "*kaśdîm*": "proper noun masculine plural - Chaldeans", "*yad*": "common noun feminine singular construct - hand of", "*nəbûkadreʾṣṣar*": "proper noun - Nebuchadnezzar", "*melek*": "common noun masculine singular construct - king of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*û-ləkādāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and he will capture it" }, "variants": { "*lākēn*": "therefore/thus/consequently", "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*nōtēn*": "giving/delivering/handing over", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans/Babylonians", "*melek*": "king/ruler/sovereign", "*ləkādāh*": "will capture it/seize it/take possession of it" } }
• Jer 33:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.33.10", "source": "כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה עוֹד֮ יִשָּׁמַ֣ע בַּמָּקוֹם־הַזֶּה֒ אֲשֶׁר֙ אַתֶּ֣ם אֹֽמְרִ֔ים חָרֵ֣ב ה֔וּא מֵאֵ֥ין אָדָ֖ם וּמֵאֵ֣ין בְּהֵמָ֑ה בְּעָרֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ וּבְחֻצ֣וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם הַֽנְשַׁמּ֗וֹת מֵאֵ֥ין אָדָ֛ם וּמֵאֵ֥ין יוֹשֵׁ֖ב וּמֵאֵ֥ין בְּהֵמָֽה׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* yet *yiššāmaʿ* in *hammāqôm-hazzeh* which you *ʾōmərîm* *ḥārēḇ* he from *ʾên* *ʾāḏām* and from *ʾên* *bəhēmāh* in *ʿārê* *yəhûḏāh* and in *ḥuṣôṯ* *yərûšālaim* *hanšammôṯ* from *ʾên* *ʾāḏām* and from *ʾên* *yôšēḇ* and from *ʾên* *bəhēmāh*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3ms - he said/says", "*yiššāmaʿ*": "niphal imperfect 3ms - it will be heard", "*hammāqôm-hazzeh*": "definite article + noun ms + definite article + demonstrative ms - this place", "*ʾōmərîm*": "qal participle mp - saying", "*ḥārēḇ*": "adjective ms - desolate", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʾāḏām*": "noun ms - man/humanity", "*bəhēmāh*": "noun fs - beast/animal", "*ʿārê*": "noun fp construct - cities of", "*ḥuṣôṯ*": "noun fp construct - streets of", "*hanšammôṯ*": "definite article + niphal participle fp - the desolate ones", "*yôšēḇ*": "qal participle ms - inhabitant" }, "variants": { "*ḥārēḇ*": "desolate/waste/destroyed", "*hanšammôṯ*": "desolate/deserted/devastated", "*yôšēḇ*": "dweller/inhabitant/resident" } }
• Jer 33:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.33.12", "source": "כֹּֽה־אָמַר֮ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָאוֹת֒ ע֞וֹד יִֽהְיֶ֣ה ׀ בַּמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֗ה הֶחָרֵ֛ב מֵֽאֵין־אָדָ֥ם וְעַד־בְּהֵמָ֖ה וּבְכָל־עָרָ֑יו נְוֵ֣ה רֹעִ֔ים מַרְבִּצִ֖ים צֹֽאן׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ* yet *yihyeh* in *hammāqôm* *hazzeh* *heḥārēḇ* from *ʾên-ʾāḏām* and unto *bəhēmāh* and in *kol-ʿārāyw* *nəwēh* *rōʿîm* *marbîṣîm* *ṣōʾn*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3ms - he said/says", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "noun fp - hosts", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3ms - there will be", "*hammāqôm*": "definite article + noun ms - the place", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative ms - this", "*heḥārēḇ*": "definite article + adjective ms - the desolate", "*ʾên-ʾāḏām*": "particle of negation + noun ms - no man", "*kol-ʿārāyw*": "noun construct + noun fp + 3ms suffix - all its cities", "*nəwēh*": "noun ms construct - habitation of", "*rōʿîm*": "qal participle mp - shepherds", "*marbîṣîm*": "hiphil participle mp - causing to lie down", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun fs - flock" }, "variants": { "*heḥārēḇ*": "desolate/waste/destroyed", "*nəwēh*": "habitation/abode/pasture", "*marbîṣîm*": "causing to lie down/making to rest" } }
• Ezek 4:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.4.16", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֗י בֶּן־אָדָם֙ הִנְנִ֨י שֹׁבֵ֤ר מַטֵּה־לֶ֙חֶם֙ בִּיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְאָכְלוּ־לֶ֥חֶם בְּמִשְׁקָ֖ל וּבִדְאָגָ֑ה וּמַ֕יִם בִּמְשׂוּרָ֥ה וּבְשִׁמָּמ֖וֹן יִשְׁתּֽוּ׃", "text": "And-*yōʾmer* to-me *ben*-*ʾāḏām* behold-me *šōḇēr* *maṭṭēh*-*leḥem* in-*yᵊrûšālaim* and-they-will-eat-*leḥem* by-*mišqāl* and-with-*dᵊʾāḡāh* and-*mayim* by-*mᵊśûrāh* and-with-*šimmāmôn* *yištû*", "grammar": { "*yōʾmer*": "verb, qal imperfect with vav-consecutive, 3rd person, masculine, singular - and he said", "*ben*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - son of", "*ʾāḏām*": "noun, masculine, singular - man/humanity", "*hinᵊnî*": "particle + 1st person singular suffix - behold me", "*šōḇēr*": "verb, qal participle, masculine, singular - breaking", "*maṭṭēh*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - staff of", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine, singular - bread", "*yᵊrûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*ʾāḵᵊlû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person, common, plural - they will eat", "*mišqāl*": "noun, masculine, singular - weight", "*dᵊʾāḡāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - anxiety/worry", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine, plural - water", "*mᵊśûrāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - measure", "*šimmāmôn*": "noun, masculine, singular - horror/dismay", "*yištû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, plural - they will drink" }, "variants": { "*šōḇēr*": "breaking/destroying/removing", "*maṭṭēh*-*leḥem*": "staff of bread/supply of food", "*mišqāl*": "weight/measure by weight", "*dᵊʾāḡāh*": "anxiety/worry/fear", "*šimmāmôn*": "horror/dismay/astonishment" } }
• Ezek 36:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.36.3", "source": "לָכֵן֙ הִנָּבֵ֣א וְאָמַרְתָּ֔ כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה יַ֣עַן בְּיַ֡עַן שַׁמּוֹת֩ וְשָׁאֹ֨ף אֶתְכֶ֜ם מִסָּבִ֗יב לִֽהְיוֹתְכֶ֤ם מֽוֹרָשָׁה֙ לִשְׁאֵרִ֣ית הַגּוֹיִ֔ם וַתֵּֽעֲל֛וּ עַל־שְׂפַ֥ת לָשׁ֖וֹן וְדִבַּת־עָֽם׃", "text": "*lākēn* *hinnābē'* *wə'āmartā* *kōh* *'āmar* *'ădōnāy* *YHWH* *ya'an* *bəya'an* *šammôt* *wəšā'ōf* *'etkem* *missābîb* *lihyôtkem* *môrāšâ* *liš'ērît* *haggôyim* *wattē'ălû* *'al-śəfat* *lāšôn* *wədibbat-'ām*", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*hinnābē'*": "niphal imperative, masculine singular - prophesy", "*wə'āmartā*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall say", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*'āmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*'ădōnāy*": "divine title, plural form with 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*ya'an*": "conjunction - because", "*bəya'an*": "preposition + conjunction - in/by/because because", "*šammôt*": "infinitive absolute, qal - making desolate", "*wəšā'ōf*": "conjunction + infinitive absolute, qal - and panting after/swallowing up", "*'etkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*missābîb*": "preposition + adverb - from around", "*lihyôtkem*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for your being", "*môrāšâ*": "noun, feminine singular - possession", "*liš'ērît*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - for remnant of", "*haggôyim*": "article + noun, masculine plural - the nations", "*wattē'ălû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and you came up", "*'al-śəfat*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - upon lip of", "*lāšôn*": "noun, feminine singular - tongue", "*wədibbat-'ām*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct + noun, masculine singular - and slander/evil report of people" }, "variants": { "*šammôt*": "making desolate/devastation/destroying", "*wəšā'ōf*": "panting after/snapping at/swallowing up", "*śəfat lāšôn*": "lip of tongue/language/speech", "*dibbat-'ām*": "slander/evil report/gossip of people" } }
• Mic 3:10-12 : 10 { "verseID": "Micah.3.10", "source": "בֹּנֶ֥ה צִיּ֖וֹן בְּדָמִ֑ים וִירוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם בְּעַוְלָֽה׃", "text": "*bōneh* *ṣiyyôn* with-*dāmîm* and-*yĕrûšālaim* with-*ʿawlâ*", "grammar": { "*bōneh*": "masculine singular qal participle - building", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper name - Zion", "*dāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - blood/bloodshed", "*yĕrûšālaim*": "proper name - Jerusalem", "*ʿawlâ*": "feminine singular noun - injustice/unrighteousness" }, "variants": { "*bōneh*": "building/one who builds", "*dāmîm*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*ʿawlâ*": "injustice/unrighteousness/wickedness" } } 11 { "verseID": "Micah.3.11", "source": "רָאשֶׁ֣יהָ ׀ בְּשֹׁ֣חַד יִשְׁפֹּ֗טוּ וְכֹהֲנֶ֙יהָ֙ בִּמְחִ֣יר יוֹר֔וּ וּנְבִיאֶ֖יהָ בְּכֶ֣סֶף יִקְסֹ֑מוּ וְעַל־יְהוָה֙ יִשָּׁעֵ֣נוּ לֵאמֹ֔ר הֲל֤וֹא יְהוָה֙ בְּקִרְבֵּ֔נוּ לֹֽא־תָב֥וֹא עָלֵ֖ינוּ רָעָֽה׃", "text": "*rāʾšêhā* for-*šōḥad* *yišpōṭû* and-*kōhănêhā* for-*mĕḥîr* *yôrû* and-*nĕbîʾêhā* for-*kesep* *yiqsōmû* and-upon-*YHWH* *yiššāʿēnû* saying *hălôʾ* *YHWH* in-*qirbēnû* not-*tābôʾ* upon-us *rāʿâ*", "grammar": { "*rāʾšêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her heads/leaders", "*šōḥad*": "masculine singular noun - bribe", "*yišpōṭû*": "3rd person plural qal imperfect - they judge", "*kōhănêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her priests", "*mĕḥîr*": "masculine singular noun - price/payment", "*yôrû*": "3rd person plural hiphil imperfect - they teach", "*nĕbîʾêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her prophets", "*kesep*": "masculine singular noun - silver/money", "*yiqsōmû*": "3rd person plural qal imperfect - they divine", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*yiššāʿēnû*": "3rd person plural niphal imperfect - they lean", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - is not", "*qirbēnû*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person plural suffix - our midst", "*tābôʾ*": "3rd person feminine singular qal imperfect - she will come", "*rāʿâ*": "feminine singular noun/adjective - evil/disaster" }, "variants": { "*rāʾšêhā*": "her heads/leaders/chiefs", "*šōḥad*": "bribe/gift", "*yišpōṭû*": "they judge/govern", "*mĕḥîr*": "price/payment/hire", "*yôrû*": "they teach/instruct", "*kesep*": "silver/money/payment", "*yiqsōmû*": "they divine/practice divination", "*yiššāʿēnû*": "they lean/rely/depend", "*qirbēnû*": "our midst/among us", "*tābôʾ*": "she will come/arrive/happen", "*rāʿâ*": "evil/disaster/calamity" } } 12 { "verseID": "Micah.3.12", "source": "לָכֵן֙ בִּגְלַלְכֶ֔ם צִיּ֖וֹן שָׂדֶ֣ה תֵֽחָרֵ֑שׁ וִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ עִיִּ֣ין תִּֽהְיֶ֔ה וְהַ֥ר הַבַּ֖יִת לְבָמ֥וֹת יָֽעַר׃ פ", "text": "Therefore on-account-of-you *ṣiyyôn* *śādeh* *tēḥārēš* and-*yĕrûšālaim* *ʿiyyîn* *tihyeh* and-*har* the-*bayit* for-*bāmôt* *yāʿar*", "grammar": { "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper name - Zion", "*śādeh*": "masculine singular noun - field", "*tēḥārēš*": "3rd person feminine singular niphal imperfect - she will be plowed", "*yĕrûšālaim*": "proper name - Jerusalem", "*ʿiyyîn*": "masculine plural noun - ruins/heaps", "*tihyeh*": "3rd person feminine singular qal imperfect - she will be", "*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*bayit*": "masculine singular noun - house", "*bāmôt*": "feminine plural construct - high places of", "*yāʿar*": "masculine singular noun - forest" }, "variants": { "*śādeh*": "field/country/land", "*tēḥārēš*": "she will be plowed/cultivated", "*ʿiyyîn*": "ruins/heaps/rubble", "*tihyeh*": "she will be/become", "*har*": "mountain/hill", "*bayit*": "house/temple", "*bāmôt*": "high places/heights", "*yāʿar*": "forest/thicket/wooded height" } }
• Gen 6:11-13 : 11 { "verseID": "Genesis.6.11", "source": "וַתִּשָּׁחֵ֥ת הָאָ֖רֶץ לִפְנֵ֣י הֽ͏ָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וַתִּמָּלֵ֥א הָאָ֖רֶץ חָמָֽס׃", "text": "And *tiššāḥēt* *hā-ʾāreṣ* before *hā-ʾĕlōhîm* and *timmālēʾ* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *ḥāmās*", "grammar": { "*tiššāḥēt*": "niphal imperfect 3fs - it was corrupted/ruined", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*lip̄nê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - before/in the presence of", "*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural with definite article - God", "*timmālēʾ*": "niphal imperfect 3fs - it was filled", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*ḥāmās*": "noun masculine singular - violence/wrong" }, "variants": { "*tiššāḥēt*": "was corrupted/was ruined/was destroyed", "*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/injustice/cruelty" } } 12 { "verseID": "Genesis.6.12", "source": "וַיַּ֧רְא אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶת־הָאָ֖רֶץ וְהִנֵּ֣ה נִשְׁחָ֑תָה כִּֽי־הִשְׁחִ֧ית כָּל־בָּשָׂ֛ר אֶת־דַּרְכּ֖וֹ עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And *yarʾ* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾet*-*hā-ʾāreṣ* and behold *nišḥātâ* because *hišḥît* all *bāśār* *ʾet*-*darkô* upon *hā-ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*yarʾ*": "qal imperfect 3ms - he saw/looked", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*nišḥātâ*": "niphal perfect 3fs - it was corrupted/ruined", "*hišḥît*": "hiphil perfect 3ms - he had corrupted/ruined", "*bāśār*": "noun masculine singular - flesh/living creature", "*darkô*": "noun masculine singular + 3ms suffix - his way", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular with definite article with prefix preposition - upon the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*nišḥātâ*": "was corrupted/was ruined/was spoiled", "*hišḥît*": "had corrupted/had ruined/had spoiled", "*bāśār*": "flesh/all living creatures/humanity", "*darkô*": "his way/his path/his conduct" } } 13 { "verseID": "Genesis.6.13", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֜ים לְנֹ֗חַ קֵ֤ץ כָּל־בָּשָׂר֙ בָּ֣א לְפָנַ֔י כִּֽי־מָלְאָ֥ה הָאָ֛רֶץ חָמָ֖ס מִפְּנֵיהֶ֑ם וְהִנְנִ֥י מַשְׁחִיתָ֖ם אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And *yōʾmer* *ʾĕlōhîm* to *Nōaḥ* *qēṣ* all *bāśār* *bāʾ* before me because *mālʾâ* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *ḥāmās* from *pĕnêhem* and behold I *mašḥîtām* *ʾet*-*hā-ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*yōʾmer*": "qal imperfect 3ms - he said", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God", "*Nōaḥ*": "proper noun with prefix preposition - to Noah", "*qēṣ*": "noun masculine singular construct - end of", "*bāśār*": "noun masculine singular - flesh/living creature", "*bāʾ*": "qal perfect 3ms - has come", "*lĕp̄ānay*": "preposition + noun masculine plural + 1cs suffix - before me", "*mālʾâ*": "qal perfect 3fs - is filled", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*ḥāmās*": "noun masculine singular - violence/wrong", "*pĕnêhem*": "noun masculine plural + 3mp suffix with prefix preposition - from their presence", "*mašḥîtām*": "hiphil participle masculine singular + 3mp suffix - destroying them", "*ʾet*": "preposition with", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*qēṣ*": "end/destruction/termination", "*bāśār*": "flesh/living creatures/humanity", "*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/injustice/cruelty", "*mašḥîtām*": "destroying them/ruining them" } }
• 1 Kgs 17:10-12 : 10 { "verseID": "1 Kings.17.10", "source": "וַיָּ֣קָם ׀ וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ צָרְפַ֗תָה וַיָּבֹא֙ אֶל־פֶּ֣תַח הָעִ֔יר וְהִנֵּֽה־שָׁ֛ם אִשָּׁ֥ה אַלְמָנָ֖ה מְקֹשֶׁ֣שֶׁת עֵצִ֑ים וַיִּקְרָ֤א אֵלֶ֙יהָ֙ וַיֹּאמַ֔ר קְחִי־נָ֨א לִ֧י מְעַט־מַ֛יִם בַּכְּלִ֖י וְאֶשְׁתֶּֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyāqām* and *wayyēlek* *ṣārǝpātāh* and *wayyāḇōʾ* to *petaḥ* the *hāʿîr* and *wǝhinnēh-šām* *ʾiššāh* *ʾalmānāh* *mǝqōšešet* *ʿēṣîm* and *wayyiqrāʾ* to her *ʾēlêhā* and *wayyōʾmar* take *qǝḥî-nāʾ* for me *lî* a little *mǝʿaṭ-mayim* in the *bakkǝlî* and I may *wǝʾešteh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāqām*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he arose", "*wayyēlek*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*ṣārǝpātāh*": "proper noun, directional he - to Zarephath", "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*petaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - gate/entrance of", "*hāʿîr*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the city", "*wǝhinnēh-šām*": "waw + demonstrative particle + adverb - and behold, there", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*ʾalmānāh*": "noun, feminine singular - widow", "*mǝqōšešet*": "poel participle, feminine singular - gathering", "*ʿēṣîm*": "noun, masculine plural - sticks/wood", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*ʾēlêhā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - to her", "*wayyōʾmar*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*qǝḥî-nāʾ*": "qal imperative, feminine singular + particle of entreaty - please take", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - for me", "*mǝʿaṭ-mayim*": "adjective construct + noun, masculine plural - a little water", "*bakkǝlî*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the vessel", "*wǝʾešteh*": "waw + qal imperfect, 1st singular cohortative - that I may drink" }, "variants": { "*wayyāqām*": "and he arose/and he got up", "*wayyēlek*": "and he went/and he departed", "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "and he came/and he arrived", "*petaḥ*": "gate/entrance/doorway", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look", "*mǝqōšešet*": "gathering/collecting", "*ʿēṣîm*": "sticks/wood/timber", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "and he called/and he cried out", "*wayyōʾmar*": "and he said/and he spoke", "*qǝḥî-nāʾ*": "please take/kindly bring", "*mǝʿaṭ*": "a little/a small amount", "*kǝlî*": "vessel/container", "*wǝʾešteh*": "that I may drink/so I can drink" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Kings.17.11", "source": "וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ לָקַ֑חַת וַיִּקְרָ֤א אֵלֶ֙יהָ֙ וַיֹּאמַ֔ר לִֽקְחִי־נָ֥א לִ֛י פַּת־לֶ֖חֶם בְּיָדֵֽךְ׃", "text": "And *wattēlek* to *lāqaḥat* and *wayyiqrāʾ* to her *ʾēlêhā* and *wayyōʾmar* bring *liqḥî-nāʾ* to me *lî* *pat-leḥem* in your *bǝyāḏēḵ*.", "grammar": { "*wattēlek*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she went", "*lāqaḥat*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to fetch", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*ʾēlêhā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - to her", "*wayyōʾmar*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*liqḥî-nāʾ*": "qal imperative, feminine singular + particle of entreaty - please bring", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - to me", "*pat-leḥem*": "noun construct + noun - morsel of bread", "*bǝyāḏēḵ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - in your hand" }, "variants": { "*wattēlek*": "and she went/and she departed", "*lāqaḥat*": "to fetch/to bring/to take", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "and he called/and he cried out", "*wayyōʾmar*": "and he said/and he spoke", "*liqḥî-nāʾ*": "please bring/kindly fetch", "*pat*": "morsel/piece/bit", "*leḥem*": "bread/food", "*yāḏ*": "hand/power" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 Kings.17.12", "source": "וַתֹּ֗אמֶר חַי־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אִם־יֶשׁ־לִ֣י מָע֔וֹג כִּ֣י אִם־מְלֹ֤א כַף־קֶ֙מַח֙ בַּכַּ֔ד וּמְעַט־שֶׁ֖מֶן בַּצַּפָּ֑חַת וְהִנְנִ֨י מְקֹשֶׁ֜שֶׁת שְׁנַ֣יִם עֵצִ֗ים וּבָ֙אתִי֙ וַעֲשִׂיתִ֙יהוּ֙ לִ֣י וְלִבְנִ֔י וַאֲכַלְנֻ֖הוּ וָמָֽתְנוּ׃", "text": "And *wattōʾmer* *ḥay-yhwh* *ʾĕlōhêḵā* if *ʾim-yeš-lî* *māʿôg* but *kî ʾim-mǝlōʾ* *ḵap-qemaḥ* in the *bakkaḏ* and a little *ûmǝʿaṭ-šemen* in the *baṣṣappāḥat* and behold I am *wǝhinǝnî* *mǝqōšešet* two *šǝnayim* *ʿēṣîm* and I will come *ûḇāʾtî* and make *waʿăśîtîhû* for me *lî* and for my son *wǝliḇnî* and we will eat it *waʾăḵalnuhû* and die *wāmātnû*.", "grammar": { "*wattōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she said", "*ḥay-yhwh*": "adjective construct + divine name - as YHWH lives", "*ʾĕlōhêḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾim-yeš-lî*": "conditional particle + existential particle + preposition + 1st singular suffix - if I have", "*māʿôg*": "noun, masculine singular - cake/food", "*kî ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - but only", "*mǝlōʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fullness of", "*ḵap-qemaḥ*": "noun construct + noun - handful of flour", "*bakkaḏ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the jar", "*ûmǝʿaṭ-šemen*": "waw + adjective construct + noun - and a little oil", "*baṣṣappāḥat*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the flask", "*wǝhinǝnî*": "waw + demonstrative particle + 1st singular suffix - and behold I am", "*mǝqōšešet*": "poel participle, feminine singular - gathering", "*šǝnayim*": "numeral, masculine dual - two", "*ʿēṣîm*": "noun, masculine plural - sticks", "*ûḇāʾtî*": "waw + qal perfect, 1st singular - and I will come", "*waʿăśîtîhû*": "waw + qal perfect, 1st singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and I will prepare it", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - for me", "*wǝliḇnî*": "waw + preposition + noun + 1st singular suffix - and for my son", "*waʾăḵalnuhû*": "waw + qal perfect, 1st plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and we will eat it", "*wāmātnû*": "waw + qal perfect, 1st plural - and we will die" }, "variants": { "*wattōʾmer*": "and she said/and she answered", "*ḥay-yhwh*": "as YHWH lives/by the life of YHWH (oath formula)", "*māʿôg*": "cake/food/bread", "*kî ʾim*": "but only/except", "*mǝlōʾ*": "fullness/handful", "*ḵap*": "palm/handful", "*qemaḥ*": "flour/meal", "*kaḏ*": "jar/pitcher", "*šemen*": "oil/fat", "*ṣappāḥat*": "flask/jug", "*mǝqōšešet*": "gathering/collecting", "*ʿēṣîm*": "sticks/wood", "*waʿăśîtîhû*": "and I will prepare it/and I will make it", "*waʾăḵalnuhû*": "and we will eat it/and we will consume it", "*wāmātnû*": "and we will die/and we will perish" } }
• Ps 24:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.24.1", "source": "לְדָוִ֗ד מִ֫זְמ֥וֹר לַֽ֭יהוָה הָאָ֣רֶץ וּמְלוֹאָ֑הּ תֵּ֝בֵ֗ל וְיֹ֣שְׁבֵי בָֽהּ׃", "text": "To *Dāwid* *mizmôr*. To *YHWH* the *ʾereṣ* and *mĕlôʾāh*; *tēbēl* and *yōšĕbê* in it.", "grammar": { "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine - David", "*mizmôr*": "noun, masculine singular - psalm/song", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*mĕlôʾāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its fullness", "*tēbēl*": "noun, feminine singular - world/inhabited earth", "*yōšĕbê*": "participle, masculine plural construct - dwellers of/inhabitants of", "וּ": "conjunction - and", "וְ": "conjunction - and", "בָֽהּ": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in it" }, "variants": { "*mizmôr*": "psalm/melody/song", "*ʾereṣ*": "earth/land/ground/territory", "*mĕlôʾāh*": "its fullness/all it contains", "*tēbēl*": "world/inhabited earth/inhabited land" } }
• Ps 107:34 : 34 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.34", "source": "אֶ֣רֶץ פְּ֭רִי לִמְלֵחָ֑ה מֵ֝רָעַ֗ת יֹ֣שְׁבֵי בָֽהּ", "text": "*ʾereṣ* *pᵊrî* to-*mᵊlēḥâ* from-*rāʿat* *yōšᵊbê* in-her", "grammar": { "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*pᵊrî*": "noun, masculine singular - fruit/fruitfulness", "*mᵊlēḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to saltiness/salt marsh", "*rāʿat*": "noun, feminine singular construct with prefixed preposition min - from evil/wickedness of", "*yōšᵊbê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - dwellers of/inhabitants of" }, "variants": { "*ʾereṣ*": "land of/country of", "*pᵊrî*": "fruit/fruitfulness/fertility", "*mᵊlēḥâ*": "saltiness/salt marsh/barren land", "*rāʿat*": "evil/wickedness/wrongdoing", "*yōšᵊbê*": "dwellers of/inhabitants of/those who live in" } }
• Isa 6:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.6.11", "source": "וָאֹמַ֕ר עַד־מָתַ֖י אֲדֹנָ֑י וַיֹּ֡אמֶר עַ֣ד אֲשֶׁר֩ אִם־שָׁא֨וּ עָרִ֜ים מֵאֵ֣ין יוֹשֵׁ֗ב וּבָתִּים֙ מֵאֵ֣ין אָדָ֔ם וְהָאֲדָמָ֖ה תִּשָּׁאֶ֥ה שְׁמָמָֽה׃", "text": "*Wāʾōmar* until-when *ʾădōnāy* *wayyōʾmer* until that if-*shāʾû* *ʿārîm* from *ʾêyn* *yôshēb* and *bāttîm* from *ʾêyn* *ʾādām* and the *ʾădāmāh* *tishshāʾeh* *shəmāmāh*.", "grammar": { "*Wāʾōmar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I said", "*ʿad-mātay*": "preposition + interrogative - until when/how long", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ʾăsher*": "relative particle - that/which", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*shāʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are desolate/ruined", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*ʾêyn*": "particle of negation construct - without", "*yôshēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular - inhabitant/dweller", "*bāttîm*": "noun, masculine plural - houses", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land/ground", "*tishshāʾeh*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is laid waste", "*shəmāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation" }, "variants": { "*ʿad-mātay*": "until when/how long/until what time", "*ʾădōnāy*": "Lord/Master/my Lord (divine title)", "*shāʾāh*": "be desolate/ruined/devastated", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*yôshēb*": "inhabitant/dweller/resident", "*bayit*": "house/home/household", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/person", "*ʾădāmāh*": "ground/land/earth/soil", "*shāʾāh*": "be desolate/laid waste", "*shəmāmāh*": "desolation/wasteland/ruin" } }
• Jer 4:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.4.27", "source": "כִּי־כֹה֙ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה שְׁמָמָ֥ה תִהְיֶ֖ה כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְכָלָ֖ה לֹ֥א אֶעֱשֶֽׂה׃", "text": "For thus *ʾāmar* *Yhwh*, *šəmāmāh* *tihyeh* all the *ʾāreṣ*; and *ḵālāh* not *ʾeʿĕśeh*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has said", "*Yhwh*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*šəmāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - desolation/waste", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will be", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land", "*ḵālāh*": "feminine singular noun - complete destruction", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will make/do" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*šəmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/devastation", "*tihyeh*": "will be/become/happen", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*ḵālāh*": "complete destruction/annihilation/end", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "will make/do/perform" } }
• Jer 6:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.7", "source": "כְּהָקִ֥יר *בור **בַּ֙יִר֙ מֵימֶ֔יהָ כֵּ֖ן הֵקֵ֣רָה רָעָתָ֑הּ חָמָ֣ס וָ֠שֹׁד יִשָּׁ֨מַע בָּ֧הּ עַל־פָּנַ֛י תָּמִ֖יד חֳלִ֥י וּמַכָּֽה׃", "text": "As-the-*hāqîr* *bôr*/*bayir* *mêmêhā* so *hēqērāh* her-*rāʿātāh* *ḥāmās* and-*šōd* *yiššāmaʿ* in-her against-my-face *tāmîd* *ḥŏlî* and-*makkāh*.", "grammar": { "*hāqîr*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to make cool/keep fresh", "*bôr*/*bayir*": "noun, masculine singular - cistern/well/pit", "*mêmêhā*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her waters", "*hēqērāh*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she made cool/kept fresh", "*rāʿātāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her evil/wickedness", "*ḥāmās*": "noun, masculine singular - violence/wrong", "*šōd*": "noun, masculine singular - destruction/violence", "*yiššāmaʿ*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - is heard", "*tāmîd*": "adverb - continually/always", "*ḥŏlî*": "noun, masculine singular - sickness/disease", "*makkāh*": "noun, feminine singular - blow/wound/plague" }, "variants": { "*hāqîr*": "to make cool/keep fresh/keep cold", "*bôr*/*bayir*": "cistern/well/pit/spring", "*hēqērāh*": "she made cool/kept fresh/poured out", "*rāʿātāh*": "her evil/wickedness/calamity", "*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/cruelty", "*šōd*": "destruction/violence/oppression", "*ḥŏlî*": "sickness/disease/grief" } }
• Jer 9:10-11 : 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.10", "source": "וְנָתַתִּ֧י אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלַ֛͏ִם לְגַלִּ֖ים מְע֣וֹן תַּנִּ֑ים וְאֶת־עָרֵ֧י יְהוּדָ֛ה אֶתֵּ֥ן שְׁמָמָ֖ה מִבְּלִ֥י יוֹשֵֽׁב׃", "text": "*wĕnātattî* *'et*-*yĕrûšālaim* for-*gallîm* *mĕ'ôn* *tannîm* *wĕ'et*-*'ārê* *yĕhûdāh* *'ettēn* *šĕmāmāh* from-without *yôšēb*", "grammar": { "*wĕnātattî*": "conjunction + perfect verb, 1st person singular - and I will make/give", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*yĕrûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*gallîm*": "masculine plural noun with prefixed preposition - for heaps", "*mĕ'ôn*": "masculine noun, construct state - dwelling of", "*tannîm*": "masculine plural noun - jackals", "*wĕ'et*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*'ārê*": "feminine plural noun, construct state - cities of", "*yĕhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*'ettēn*": "imperfect verb, 1st person singular - I will make/give", "*šĕmāmāh*": "feminine noun - desolation", "*yôšēb*": "participle, masculine singular - inhabitant" }, "variants": { "*wĕnātattî*": "and I will make/give/place", "*gallîm*": "heaps/ruins/stone piles", "*mĕ'ôn*": "dwelling/habitation/lair", "*tannîm*": "jackals/wild dogs/dragons", "*'ārê*": "cities/towns/settlements", "*'ettēn*": "I will make/give/place", "*šĕmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/ruin", "*yôšēb*": "inhabitant/resident/dweller" } } 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.11", "source": "מִֽי־הָאִ֤ישׁ הֶֽחָכָם֙ וְיָבֵ֣ן אֶת־זֹ֔את וַאֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֧ר פִּֽי־יְהוָ֛ה אֵלָ֖יו וְיַגִּדָ֑הּ עַל־מָה֙ אָבְדָ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ נִצְּתָ֥ה כַמִּדְבָּ֖ר מִבְּלִֽי עֹבֵֽר׃", "text": "*mî*-*hā'îš* *heḥākām* *wĕyābēn* *'et*-*zō't* *wa'ăšer* *dibbēr* *pî*-*YHWH* *'ēlāyw* *wĕyaggidāh* for-*māh* *'ābĕdāh* *hā'āreṣ* *niṣṣĕtāh* like-the-*midbār* from-without *'ōbēr*", "grammar": { "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*hā'îš*": "masculine noun with definite article - the man", "*heḥākām*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the wise", "*wĕyābēn*": "conjunction + imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular, jussive - and let him understand", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*zō't*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*wa'ăšer*": "conjunction + relative particle - and that which", "*dibbēr*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular, piel - has spoken", "*pî*": "masculine noun, construct state - mouth of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*'ēlāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*wĕyaggidāh*": "conjunction + imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular, hiphil, jussive - and let him declare it", "*māh*": "interrogative pronoun with prefixed preposition - for what reason", "*'ābĕdāh*": "perfect verb, 3rd person feminine singular - has perished", "*hā'āreṣ*": "feminine noun with definite article - the land", "*niṣṣĕtāh*": "perfect verb, 3rd person feminine singular, niphal - has been laid waste", "*midbār*": "masculine noun with prefixed preposition - like the wilderness", "*'ōbēr*": "participle, masculine singular - one passing through" }, "variants": { "*mî*": "who/which person", "*hā'îš heḥākām*": "the wise man/the man who is wise", "*wĕyābēn*": "and let him understand/discern/comprehend", "*dibbēr*": "has spoken/declared/uttered", "*pî-YHWH*": "mouth of YHWH/word of YHWH", "*wĕyaggidāh*": "and let him declare it/announce it/explain it", "*māh*": "what/why/for what reason", "*'ābĕdāh*": "has perished/been destroyed/been ruined", "*hā'āreṣ*": "the land/earth/country", "*niṣṣĕtāh*": "has been laid waste/burned/made desolate", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*'ōbēr*": "one passing through/traveler/passer-by" } }
• 1 Cor 10:26 : 26 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.10.26", "source": "Τοῦ γὰρ Κυρίου ἡ γῆ, καὶ τὸ πλήρωμα αὐτῆς.", "text": "Of the *gar* *Kyriou* the *gē*, and the *plērōma* of it", "grammar": { "*gar*": "explanatory particle - for/because", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Lord", "*gē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*plērōma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - fullness/that which fills" }, "variants": { "*Kyriou*": "Lord/master", "*gē*": "earth/land/world", "*plērōma*": "fullness/that which fills/contents" } }
• 1 Cor 10:28 : 28 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.10.28", "source": "Ἐὰν δέ τις ὑμῖν εἴπῃ, Τοῦτο εἰδωλόθυτόν ἐστιν, μὴ ἐσθίετε διʼ ἐκεῖνον τὸν μηνύσαντα, καὶ τὴν συνείδησιν: τοῦ γὰρ Κυρίου ἡ γῆ, καὶ τὸ πλήρωμα αὐτῆς:", "text": "If *de* anyone to you *eipē*, This *eidōlothyton* *estin*, not *esthiete* through that one *mēnysanta*, and the *syneidēsin*: of the *gar* *Kyriou* the *gē*, and the *plērōma* of it", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*eipē*": "aorist subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might say", "*eidōlothyton*": "nominative, neuter, singular - food offered to idols", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*esthiete*": "present imperative, 2nd person plural - eat", "*mēnysanta*": "aorist participle, accusative, masculine, singular - having informed/disclosed", "*syneidēsin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - conscience", "*gar*": "explanatory particle - for/because", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Lord", "*gē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*plērōma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - fullness/that which fills" }, "variants": { "*eipē*": "might say/tell/inform", "*eidōlothyton*": "food offered to idols/meat sacrificed to idols", "*mēnysanta*": "having informed/disclosed/revealed", "*syneidēsin*": "conscience/moral consciousness", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/master", "*gē*": "earth/land/world", "*plērōma*": "fullness/that which fills/contents" } }