Verse 17

{ "verseID": "Acts.13.17", "source": "Ὁ Θεὸς τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου Ἰσραὴλ ἐξελέξατο τοὺς πατέρας ἡμῶν, καὶ τὸν λαὸν ὕψωσεν ἐν τῇ παροικίᾳ ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ, καὶ μετὰ βραχίονος ὑψηλοῦ ἐξήγαγεν αὐτοὺς ἐξ αὐτῆς.", "text": "The *Theos* of the *laou* *toutou* *Israēl* *exelexato* the *pateras* of us, and the *laon* *hypsōsen* in the *paroikia* in *gē* *Aigyptō*, and with *brachionos* *hypsēlou* *exēgagen* them out of it.", "grammar": { "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*laou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of people", "*toutou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of this", "*Israēl*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Israel", "*exelexato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - chose", "*pateras*": "accusative, masculine, plural - fathers", "*hēmōn*": "genitive, plural - of us", "*laon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - people", "*hypsōsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - exalted", "*paroikia*": "dative, feminine, singular - sojourn/dwelling", "*gē*": "dative, feminine, singular - land", "*Aigyptō*": "dative, feminine, singular - Egypt", "*meta*": "preposition - with", "*brachionos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of arm", "*hypsēlou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of high/uplifted", "*exēgagen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - led out", "*autous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - them", "*ex*": "preposition - out of", "*autēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of it" }, "variants": { "*Theos*": "God/deity", "*laou*": "people/nation", "*toutou*": "this/this one", "*exelexato*": "chose/selected/elected", "*pateras*": "fathers/ancestors", "*hypsōsen*": "exalted/raised up/made great", "*paroikia*": "sojourn/temporary dwelling/residence as foreigners", "*gē*": "land/earth/ground", "*brachionos*": "arm/power/strength", "*hypsēlou*": "high/uplifted/exalted", "*exēgagen*": "led out/brought out" } }

Other Translations

• Bibeloversettelse fra KJV1611 og Textus Receptus

  Denne folkets Gud, Israel, valgte våre fedre og opphøyet folket da de bodde som fremmede i Egyptens land, og med en høy arm førte han dem ut derfra.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk

  Guden for dette folket Israel valgte våre fedre, og opphøyet folket mens de bodde som fremmede i Egypt, og med løftet arm førte han dem ut derfra.

• Norsk King James

  Israels folks Gud utvalgte våre fedre og hevet folket mens de bodde som fremmede i Egyptens land, og med en høy hånd førte han dem ut derfra.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  «Israels folk sin Gud utvalgte våre forfedre og opphøyde folket da de bodde som innflyttere i Egypt, og førte dem ut derfra med løftet arm.»

• KJV/Textus Receptus til norsk

  Israels folks Gud utvalgte våre fedre, og lot folket bli stort da de bodde som fremmede i Egyptens land, og med løftet arm førte han dem ut derfra.

• Den norske oversettelsen av Det Nye Testamente

  Israels folks Gud utvalgte våre fedre og opphøyde folket under deres opphold i Egypt, og med løftet arm førte han dem ut derfra.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Israels folks Gud utvalgte våre fedre og opphøyet folket da de bodde som fremmede i Egypt, og med sterk arm førte han dem ut derfra.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Israels folks Gud valgte våre fedre og opphøyde dem da de var fremmede i Egypt, og med en mektig arm førte han dem ut derfra.

• gpt4.5-preview

  Israels folks Gud utvalgte våre fedre og opphøyet folket da de levde som fremmede i Egyptlandet, og med løftet arm førte han dem ut derfra.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Israels folks Gud utvalgte våre fedre og opphøyet folket da de levde som fremmede i Egyptlandet, og med løftet arm førte han dem ut derfra.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Israels Gud utvalgte våre fedre og opphøyde folket under deres opphold i Egypt. Han førte dem ut derfra med løftet arm.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The God of this people Israel chose our ancestors, and He made the people prosper during their stay in Egypt. With an uplifted arm, He led them out of it.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk Aug2024

  Israels Gud utvalgte våre fedre. Han opphøyde folket da de bodde som fremmede i Egypt og førte dem ut derfra med løftet arm.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Dette Folks, Israels, Gud udvalgte vore Fædre og ophøiede Folket, der de boede som Udlændinge i Ægypti Land, og førte dem derfra med en høi Arm.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  The God of this people of Israel chose our fathers, and exalted the people when they dwelt as strangers in the land of Egypt, and with an high arm brought he them out of it.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Israels folkets Gud valgte ut våre fedre og lot folket vokse mens de bodde som fremmede i Egypt. Med utstrakt arm førte han dem ut derfra.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  The God of this people of Israel chose our fathers, and exalted the people when they lived as strangers in the land of Egypt, and with an uplifted arm he brought them out of it.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  The God of this people of Israel chose our fathers, and exalted the people when they dwelt as strangers in the land of Egypt, and with an high arm brought he them out of it.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Gud, dette folkets Gud, utvalgte våre fedre. Han opphøyde folket mens de bodde som fremmede i landet Egypt, og med løftet arm førte han dem ut derfra.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Israels folk sin Gud utvalgte våre fedre og opphøyet folket under deres opphold i Egypt, og med løftet arm førte han dem ut derfra.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Israels folkets Gud valgte våre fedre og opphøyet folket under oppholdet i Egypt, og med kraftig hånd førte han dem ut derfra.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Israels Gud utvalgte våre fedre, og han opphøyde folket da de bodde i Egypt, og med løftet hånd førte han dem ut derfra.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  The God of this people chose oure fathers and exalted the people whe they dwelt as straugers in ye londe of Egypt and with a mighty arme brought them oute of i

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  The God of this people chose oure fathers, and exalted the people, whan they were straungers in the lode of Egipte, and with a mightie arme broughte he them out of it.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  The God of this people of Israel chose our fathers, and exalted the people when they dwelt in the land of Egypt, and with an high arme brought them out thereof.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  The God of this people of Israel, chose our fathers, & exalted the people, when they dwelt as straungers in the lande of Egypt, and with an hye arme brought he them out of it.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  The God of this people of Israel chose our fathers, and exalted the people when they dwelt as strangers in the land of Egypt, and with an high arm brought he them out of it.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The God of this people{TR, NU add "Israel"} chose our fathers, and exalted the people when they stayed as aliens in the land of Egypt, and with an uplifted arm, he led them out of it.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  the God of this people Israel did choose our fathers, and the people He did exalt in their sojourning in the land of Egypt, and with an high arm did He bring them out of it;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  The God of this people Israel chose our fathers, and exalted the people when they sojourned in the land of Egypt, and with a high arm led he them forth out of it.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  The God of this people Israel made selection of our fathers, lifting the people up from their low condition when they were living in the land of Egypt, and with a strong arm took them out of it.

• World English Bible (2000)

  The God of this people chose our fathers, and exalted the people when they stayed as aliens in the land of Egypt, and with an uplifted arm, he led them out of it.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The God of this people Israel chose our ancestors and made the people great during their stay as foreigners in the country of Egypt, and with uplifted arm he led them out of it.

Referenced Verses

• Deut 7:6-8 : 6 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.7.6", "source": "כִּ֣י עַ֤ם קָדוֹשׁ֙ אַתָּ֔ה לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ בְּךָ֞ בָּחַ֣ר ׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ לִהְי֥וֹת לוֹ֙ לְעַ֣ם סְגֻלָּ֔ה מִכֹּל֙ הָֽעַמִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָֽה׃", "text": "For *ʿam* *qādôš* are you to *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā*; in you *bāḥar* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* to *lihyôt* to him *ʿam* *səgullâ* from all the *ʿammîm* which are on the *pənê* *hāʾădāmâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʿam*": "noun masculine singular - people/nation", "*qādôš*": "adjective masculine singular - holy/set apart", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*bāḥar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he chose/selected", "*lihyôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - to be/become", "*səgullâ*": "noun feminine singular - treasured possession/special property", "*ʿammîm*": "noun masculine plural - peoples/nations", "*pənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - face of/surface of", "*hāʾădāmâ*": "noun feminine singular - ground/earth/land" }, "variants": { "*ʿam*": "people/nation/folk", "*qādôš*": "holy/set apart/sacred", "*bāḥar*": "choose/select/elect", "*lihyôt*": "to be/to become/to exist", "*səgullâ*": "treasured possession/special property/personal treasure", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/folk", "*pənê*": "face of/surface of/before", "*hāʾădāmâ*": "ground/earth/land/soil" } } 7 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.7.7", "source": "לֹ֣א מֵֽרֻבְּכֶ֞ם מִכָּל־הָֽעַמִּ֗ים חָשַׁ֧ק יְהוָ֛ה בָּכֶ֖ם וַיִּבְחַ֣ר בָּכֶ֑ם כִּֽי־אַתֶּ֥ם הַמְעַ֖ט מִכָּל־הָעַמִּֽים׃", "text": "Not because of your *mērubbəkem* from all the *ʿammîm* did *ḥāšaq* *YHWH* in you and *wayyivḥar* in you, for you are the *haməʿaṭ* from all the *ʿammîm*.", "grammar": { "*mērubbəkem*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine plural suffix - from your numerousness/multitude", "*ʿammîm*": "noun masculine plural - peoples/nations", "*ḥāšaq*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he desired/was attached to", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*wayyivḥar*": "Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and he chose", "*haməʿaṭ*": "article + adjective masculine singular - the fewest/smallest" }, "variants": { "*mērubbəkem*": "your numerousness/your multitude/your being many", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/folk", "*ḥāšaq*": "desired/was attached to/loved/clung to", "*wayyivḥar*": "chose/selected/elected", "*haməʿaṭ*": "the fewest/the smallest/the least" } } 8 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.7.8", "source": "כִּי֩ מֵֽאַהֲבַ֨ת יְהוָ֜ה אֶתְכֶ֗ם וּמִשָּׁמְר֤ו‪[t]‬ אֶת־הַשְּׁבֻעָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִשְׁבַּע֙ לַאֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם הוֹצִ֧יא יְהוָ֛ה אֶתְכֶ֖ם בְּיָ֣ד חֲזָקָ֑ה וַֽיִּפְדְּךָ֙ מִבֵּ֣ית עֲבָדִ֔ים מִיַּ֖ד פַּרְעֹ֥ה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "But because of *ʾahăvat* *YHWH* you, and because of his *šāmrô* the *šəvuʿâ* which he *nišbaʿ* to your *ʾăvōtêkem*, *hôṣîʾ* *YHWH* you with *yād* *ḥăzāqâ*, and *wayyipdəkā* from *bêt* *ʿăvādîm*, from the *yād* of *parʿōh* *melek-miṣrāyim*.", "grammar": { "*ʾahăvat*": "noun feminine singular construct - love of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*šāmrô*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his keeping", "*šəvuʿâ*": "noun feminine singular - oath/sworn covenant", "*nišbaʿ*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he swore", "*ʾăvōtêkem*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*hôṣîʾ*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he brought out", "*yād*": "noun feminine singular - hand/power", "*ḥăzāqâ*": "adjective feminine singular - strong/mighty", "*wayyipdəkā*": "Qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and he redeemed you", "*bêt*": "noun masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʿăvādîm*": "noun masculine plural - slaves/servants", "*parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*melek-miṣrāyim*": "noun masculine singular construct + proper noun - king of Egypt" }, "variants": { "*ʾahăvat*": "love of/affection of", "*šāmrô*": "his keeping/his observing/his preserving", "*šəvuʿâ*": "oath/sworn covenant/promise", "*nišbaʿ*": "swore/took an oath", "*ʾăvōtêkem*": "your fathers/your ancestors/your forefathers", "*hôṣîʾ*": "brought out/led out/caused to come out", "*yād*": "hand/power/strength", "*ḥăzāqâ*": "strong/mighty/powerful", "*wayyipdəkā*": "redeemed you/ransomed you/delivered you", "*bêt*": "house of/place of", "*ʿăvādîm*": "slaves/servants/bondmen", "*melek*": "king/ruler" } }
• Ps 105:23-24 : 23 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.23", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֣א יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל מִצְרָ֑יִם וְ֝יַעֲקֹ֗ב גָּ֣ר בְּאֶֽרֶץ־חָֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yyābōʾ* *Yiśrāʾēl* *Miṣrāyim* *wə-Yaʿăqōb* *gār* in-*ʾereṣ*-*Ḥām*", "grammar": { "*wa-yyābōʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect (consecutive), 3ms - and he came", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper name - Egypt", "*wə-Yaʿăqōb*": "conjunction + proper name - and Jacob", "*gār*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he sojourned", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Ḥām*": "proper name - Ham" }, "variants": { "*wa-yyābōʾ*": "and he came/entered/arrived", "*gār*": "sojourned/dwelt as an alien/lived as a foreigner", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory/country", "*Ḥām*": "Ham (poetic reference to Egypt)" } } 24 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.24", "source": "וַיֶּ֣פֶר אֶת־עַמּ֣וֹ מְאֹ֑ד וַ֝יַּֽעֲצִמֵהוּ מִצָּרָֽיו׃", "text": "*wa-yeper* *ʾet*-*ʿammō* *məʾōd* *wa-yyaʿăṣimēhū* from-*ṣārāyw*", "grammar": { "*wa-yeper*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect (consecutive), 3ms - and he made fruitful", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿammō*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3ms suffix - his people", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*wa-yyaʿăṣimēhū*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect (consecutive), 3ms with 3ms suffix - and he made them stronger", "*ṣārāyw*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - his adversaries" }, "variants": { "*wa-yeper*": "and he made fruitful/increased/multiplied", "*ʿammō*": "his people/nation/kinsmen", "*məʾōd*": "very/exceedingly/greatly", "*wa-yyaʿăṣimēhū*": "and he made them stronger/mightier/more numerous", "*ṣārāyw*": "his adversaries/enemies/oppressors" } }
• Ps 105:26-39 : 26 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.26", "source": "שָׁ֭לַח מֹשֶׁ֣ה עַבְדּ֑וֹ אַ֝הֲרֹ֗ן אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּֽחַר־בּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*šālaḥ* *Mōšeh* *ʿabdō* *ʾAhărōn* *ʾăšer* *bāḥar*-in-him", "grammar": { "*šālaḥ*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he sent", "*Mōšeh*": "proper name - Moses", "*ʿabdō*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3ms suffix - his servant", "*ʾAhărōn*": "proper name - Aaron", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whom", "*bāḥar*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he chose" }, "variants": { "*šālaḥ*": "sent/dispatched", "*ʿabdō*": "his servant/slave", "*bāḥar*": "chose/selected/elected" } } 27 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.27", "source": "שָֽׂמוּ־בָ֭ם דִּבְרֵ֣י אֹתוֹתָ֑יו וּ֝מֹפְתִ֗ים בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חָֽם׃", "text": "*śāmū*-in-them *dibrēy* *ʾōtōtāyw* *ū-mōpətīm* in-*ʾereṣ* *Ḥām*", "grammar": { "*śāmū*": "qal perfect, 3mp - they placed", "*dibrēy*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*ʾōtōtāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - his signs", "*ū-mōpətīm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and wonders", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Ḥām*": "proper name - Ham" }, "variants": { "*śāmū*": "placed/put/performed", "*dibrēy*": "words/matters/acts", "*ʾōtōtāyw*": "his signs/tokens/miraculous indicators", "*mōpətīm*": "wonders/portents/miracles", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory/country", "*Ḥām*": "Ham (poetic reference to Egypt)" } } 28 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.28", "source": "שָׁ֣לַֽח חֹ֭שֶׁךְ וַיַּחְשִׁ֑ךְ וְלֹֽא־מָ֝ר֗וּ אֶת־*דברוו **דְּבָרֽוֹ׃", "text": "*šālaḥ* *ḥōšek* *wa-yyaḥšik* *wə-lōʾ*-*mārū* *ʾet*-*dəbārō*", "grammar": { "*šālaḥ*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he sent", "*ḥōšek*": "noun, masculine singular - darkness", "*wa-yyaḥšik*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect (consecutive), 3ms - and it became dark", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*mārū*": "qal perfect, 3cp - they rebelled against", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dəbārō*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3ms suffix - his word" }, "variants": { "*šālaḥ*": "sent/dispatched", "*ḥōšek*": "darkness/obscurity", "*wa-yyaḥšik*": "and it became dark/darkened", "*mārū*": "rebelled against/disobeyed/defied", "*dəbārō*": "his word/command/speech" } } 29 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.29", "source": "הָפַ֣ךְ אֶת־מֵימֵיהֶ֣ם לְדָ֑ם וַ֝יָּ֗מֶת אֶת־דְּגָתָֽם׃", "text": "*hāpak* *ʾet*-*mēymēyhem* to-*dām* *wa-yyāmet* *ʾet*-*dəgātām*", "grammar": { "*hāpak*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he turned", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*mēymēyhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3mp suffix - their waters", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*wa-yyāmet*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect (consecutive), 3ms - and he killed", "*dəgātām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3mp suffix - their fish" }, "variants": { "*hāpak*": "turned/changed/transformed", "*mēymēyhem*": "their waters/fluids", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed", "*wa-yyāmet*": "and he killed/caused to die", "*dəgātām*": "their fish/aquatic creatures" } } 30 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.30", "source": "שָׁרַ֣ץ אַרְצָ֣ם צְפַרְדְּעִ֑ים בְּ֝חַדְרֵ֗י מַלְכֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*šāraṣ* *ʾarṣām* *ṣəpardəʿīm* in-*ḥadrēy* *malkēyhem*", "grammar": { "*šāraṣ*": "qal perfect, 3ms - it teemed/swarmed", "*ʾarṣām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3mp suffix - their land", "*ṣəpardəʿīm*": "noun, masculine plural - frogs", "*ḥadrēy*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chambers of", "*malkēyhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3mp suffix - their kings" }, "variants": { "*šāraṣ*": "teemed/swarmed/bred abundantly", "*ʾarṣām*": "their land/territory/country", "*ṣəpardəʿīm*": "frogs/amphibians", "*ḥadrēy*": "chambers/rooms/inner quarters", "*malkēyhem*": "their kings/rulers" } } 31 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.31", "source": "אָ֭מַר וַיָּבֹ֣א עָרֹ֑ב כִּ֝נִּ֗ים בְּכָל־גְּבוּלָֽם׃", "text": "*ʾāmar* *wa-yyābōʾ* *ʿārōb* *kinnīm* in-all-*gəbūlām*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he said/spoke", "*wa-yyābōʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect (consecutive), 3ms - and it came", "*ʿārōb*": "noun, masculine singular - swarm (of flies)", "*kinnīm*": "noun, feminine plural - gnats/lice", "*gəbūlām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3mp suffix - their territory" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/commanded", "*wa-yyābōʾ*": "and it came/arrived", "*ʿārōb*": "swarm (of flies)/mixture of insects", "*kinnīm*": "gnats/lice/mosquitoes", "*gəbūlām*": "their territory/border/region" } } 32 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.32", "source": "נָתַ֣ן גִּשְׁמֵיהֶ֣ם בָּרָ֑ד אֵ֖שׁ לֶהָב֣וֹת בְּאַרְצָֽם׃", "text": "*nātan* *gišmēyhem* *bārād* *ʾēš* *lehābōt* in-*ʾarṣām*", "grammar": { "*nātan*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he gave", "*gišmēyhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3mp suffix - their rains", "*bārād*": "noun, masculine singular - hail", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*lehābōt*": "noun, feminine plural - flames", "*ʾarṣām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3mp suffix - their land" }, "variants": { "*nātan*": "gave/made/appointed/turned", "*gišmēyhem*": "their rains/showers/precipitation", "*bārād*": "hail/ice pellets", "*ʾēš*": "fire/lightning", "*lehābōt*": "flames/blazes", "*ʾarṣām*": "their land/country/territory" } } 33 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.33", "source": "וַיַּ֣ךְ גַּ֭פְנָם וּתְאֵנָתָ֑ם וַ֝יְשַׁבֵּ֗ר עֵ֣ץ גְּבוּלָֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yyak* *gapnām* *ū-təʾēnātām* *wa-yəšabbēr* *ʿēṣ* *gəbūlām*", "grammar": { "*wa-yyak*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect (consecutive), 3ms - and he struck", "*gapnām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3mp suffix - their vine", "*ū-təʾēnātām*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct with 3mp suffix - and their fig tree", "*wa-yəšabbēr*": "conjunction + piel imperfect (consecutive), 3ms - and he broke", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - tree of", "*gəbūlām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3mp suffix - their territory" }, "variants": { "*wa-yyak*": "and he struck/smote/hit", "*gapnām*": "their vine/vineyard", "*təʾēnātām*": "their fig tree/fig grove", "*wa-yəšabbēr*": "and he broke/shattered/splintered", "*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood/timber", "*gəbūlām*": "their territory/border/region" } } 34 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.34", "source": "אָ֭מַר וַיָּבֹ֣א אַרְבֶּ֑ה וְ֝יֶ֗לֶק וְאֵ֣ין מִסְפָּֽר׃", "text": "*ʾāmar* *wa-yyābōʾ* *ʾarbeh* *wə-yeleq* *wə-ʾēyn* *mispār*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he said/spoke", "*wa-yyābōʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect (consecutive), 3ms - and it came", "*ʾarbeh*": "noun, masculine singular - locust", "*wə-yeleq*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and young locust", "*wə-ʾēyn*": "conjunction + particle of negation - and no", "*mispār*": "noun, masculine singular - number/count" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/commanded", "*wa-yyābōʾ*": "and it came/arrived", "*ʾarbeh*": "locust/grasshopper", "*yeleq*": "young locust/caterpillar/hopper", "*mispār*": "number/count/quantity" } } 35 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.35", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אכַל כָּל־עֵ֣שֶׂב בְּאַרְצָ֑ם וַ֝יֹּ֗אכַל פְּרִ֣י אַדְמָתָֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yyōʾkal* all-*ʿēśeb* in-*ʾarṣām* *wa-yyōʾkal* *pərī* *ʾadmātām*", "grammar": { "*wa-yyōʾkal*": "conjunction + qal imperfect (consecutive), 3ms - and it ate", "*ʿēśeb*": "noun, masculine singular - vegetation/herb", "*ʾarṣām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3mp suffix - their land", "*pərī*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fruit of", "*ʾadmātām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3mp suffix - their ground" }, "variants": { "*wa-yyōʾkal*": "and it ate/consumed/devoured", "*ʿēśeb*": "vegetation/herb/plant/grass", "*ʾarṣām*": "their land/country/territory", "*pərī*": "fruit/produce/yield", "*ʾadmātām*": "their ground/soil/land" } } 36 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.36", "source": "וַיַּ֣ךְ כָּל־בְּכ֣וֹר בְּאַרְצָ֑ם רֵ֝אשִׁ֗ית לְכָל־אוֹנָֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yyak* all-*bəkōr* in-*ʾarṣām* *rēʾšīt* to-all-*ʾōnām*", "grammar": { "*wa-yyak*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect (consecutive), 3ms - and he struck", "*bəkōr*": "noun, masculine singular - firstborn", "*ʾarṣām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3mp suffix - their land", "*rēʾšīt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - first/beginning of", "*ʾōnām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3mp suffix - their strength" }, "variants": { "*wa-yyak*": "and he struck/smote/killed", "*bəkōr*": "firstborn/eldest son", "*ʾarṣām*": "their land/country/territory", "*rēʾšīt*": "first/beginning/firstfruits", "*ʾōnām*": "their strength/vigor/might/manhood" } } 37 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.37", "source": "וַֽ֭יּוֹצִיאֵם בְּכֶ֣סֶף וְזָהָ֑ב וְאֵ֖ין בִּשְׁבָטָ֣יו כּוֹשֵֽׁל׃", "text": "*wa-yyōṣīʾēm* in-*kesep* *wə-zāhāb* *wə-ʾēyn* in-*šəbāṭāyw* *kōšēl*", "grammar": { "*wa-yyōṣīʾēm*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect (consecutive), 3ms with 3mp suffix - and he brought them out", "*kesep*": "noun, masculine singular - silver", "*wə-zāhāb*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and gold", "*wə-ʾēyn*": "conjunction + particle of negation - and no", "*šəbāṭāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - his tribes", "*kōšēl*": "qal participle, masculine singular - stumbling" }, "variants": { "*wa-yyōṣīʾēm*": "and he brought them out/led them forth", "*kesep*": "silver/money", "*zāhāb*": "gold/golden objects", "*šəbāṭāyw*": "his tribes/clans", "*kōšēl*": "stumbling/faltering/weak" } } 38 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.38", "source": "שָׂמַ֣ח מִצְרַ֣יִם בְּצֵאתָ֑ם כִּֽי־נָפַ֖ל פַּחְדָּ֣ם עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*śāmaḥ* *Miṣrayim* in-*ṣēʾtām* for-*nāpal* *paḥdām* upon-them", "grammar": { "*śāmaḥ*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he rejoiced", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper name - Egypt", "*ṣēʾtām*": "qal infinitive construct with 3mp suffix - their going out", "*nāpal*": "qal perfect, 3ms - it fell", "*paḥdām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3mp suffix - dread of them", "*ʿălēyhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - upon them" }, "variants": { "*śāmaḥ*": "rejoiced/was glad", "*ṣēʾtām*": "their going out/departure/exodus", "*nāpal*": "fell/descended/came down", "*paḥdām*": "dread of them/fear of them/terror of them" } } 39 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.39", "source": "פָּרַ֣שׂ עָנָ֣ן לְמָסָ֑ךְ וְ֝אֵ֗שׁ לְהָאִ֥יר לָֽיְלָה׃", "text": "*pāraś* *ʿānān* for-*māsāk* *wə-ʾēš* to-*hāʾīr* *lāylāh*", "grammar": { "*pāraś*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he spread", "*ʿānān*": "noun, masculine singular - cloud", "*māsāk*": "noun, masculine singular - covering", "*wə-ʾēš*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and fire", "*hāʾīr*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to give light", "*lāylāh*": "noun, masculine singular - night" }, "variants": { "*pāraś*": "spread/stretched out/extended", "*ʿānān*": "cloud/cloud mass", "*māsāk*": "covering/screen/curtain", "*hāʾīr*": "to give light/illuminate/shine", "*lāylāh*": "night/nighttime" } }
• Ps 105:42-43 : 42 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.42", "source": "כִּֽי־זָ֭כַר אֶת־דְּבַ֣ר קָדְשׁ֑וֹ אֶֽת־אַבְרָהָ֥ם עַבְדּֽוֹ׃", "text": "For-*zākar* *ʾet*-*dəbar* *qodšō* *ʾet*-*ʾAbrāhām* *ʿabdō*", "grammar": { "*zākar*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he remembered", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dəbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*qodšō*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3ms suffix - his holiness", "*ʾAbrāhām*": "proper name - Abraham", "*ʿabdō*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3ms suffix - his servant" }, "variants": { "*zākar*": "remembered/recalled/was mindful of", "*dəbar*": "word/promise/matter", "*qodšō*": "his holiness/his sacred promise", "*ʿabdō*": "his servant/slave" } } 43 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.43", "source": "וַיּוֹצִ֣א עַמּ֣וֹ בְשָׂשׂ֑וֹן בְּ֝רִנָּ֗ה אֶת־בְּחִירָֽיו׃", "text": "*wa-yyōṣiʾ* *ʿammō* in-*śāśōn* in-*rinnāh* *ʾet*-*bəḥīrāyw*", "grammar": { "*wa-yyōṣiʾ*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect (consecutive), 3ms - and he brought out", "*ʿammō*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3ms suffix - his people", "*śāśōn*": "noun, masculine singular - gladness", "*rinnāh*": "noun, feminine singular - joy/singing", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bəḥīrāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - his chosen ones" }, "variants": { "*wa-yyōṣiʾ*": "and he brought out/led forth", "*ʿammō*": "his people/nation", "*śāśōn*": "gladness/joy/delight", "*rinnāh*": "joy/singing/jubilant shouting", "*bəḥīrāyw*": "his chosen ones/his elect" } }
• Ps 106:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.7", "source": "אֲב֘וֹתֵ֤ינוּ בְמִצְרַ֨יִם ׀ לֹא־הִשְׂכִּ֬ילוּ נִפְלְאוֹתֶ֗יךָ לֹ֣א זָ֭כְרוּ אֶת־רֹ֣ב חֲסָדֶ֑יךָ וַיַּמְר֖וּ עַל־יָ֣ם בְּיַם־סֽוּף׃", "text": "*'ăbōtênū* in-*miṣrayim* not-*hiśkîlū* *niflə'ōteykā* not *zākrū* *'et*-abundance-of-*ḥăsādeykā* *wayyamrū* at-*yām* in-*yam-sūf*", "grammar": { "*'ăbōtênū*": "noun + 1st person plural suffix, masculine, plural - our fathers", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*hiśkîlū*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they understood/considered", "*niflə'ōteykā*": "noun + 2nd person suffix, feminine, plural - your wonders", "*zākrū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they remembered", "*ḥăsādeykā*": "noun + 2nd person suffix, masculine, plural - your lovingkindnesses", "*wayyamrū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they rebelled", "*yām*": "noun, masculine, singular - sea", "*yam-sūf*": "proper noun - Red Sea/Sea of Reeds" }, "variants": { "*'ăbōtênū*": "our fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*miṣrayim*": "Egypt/Mitzrayim", "*hiśkîlū*": "understood/considered/comprehended/paid attention to", "*niflə'ōteykā*": "your wonders/marvels/miracles", "*zākrū*": "remembered/recalled/were mindful of", "*ḥăsādeykā*": "your lovingkindnesses/mercies/covenant faithfulness", "*wayyamrū*": "and they rebelled/were rebellious/disobeyed", "*yam-sūf*": "Red Sea/Sea of Reeds" } } 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.8", "source": "וַֽ֭יּוֹשִׁיעֵם לְמַ֣עַן שְׁמ֑וֹ לְ֝הוֹדִ֗יעַ אֶת־גְּבוּרָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wayyōšî'ēm* for-sake-of *šəmō* to-*ləhōdîa'* *'et*-*gəbūrātō*", "grammar": { "*wayyōšî'ēm*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive + 3rd person plural suffix - and he saved them", "*šəmō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, masculine, singular - his name", "*ləhōdîa'*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to make known", "*gəbūrātō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his might" }, "variants": { "*wayyōšî'ēm*": "and he saved them/delivered them/helped them", "*šəmō*": "his name/reputation/character", "*ləhōdîa'*": "to make known/declare/inform", "*gəbūrātō*": "his might/power/strength" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.9", "source": "וַיִּגְעַ֣ר בְּיַם־ס֭וּף וֽ͏ַיֶּחֱרָ֑ב וַיּוֹלִיכֵ֥ם בַּ֝תְּהֹמ֗וֹת כַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃", "text": "*wayyig'ar* at-*yam-sūf* *wayyeḥĕrāb* *wayyōlîkēm* in-*təhōmōt* like-*midbar*", "grammar": { "*wayyig'ar*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he rebuked", "*yam-sūf*": "proper noun - Red Sea/Sea of Reeds", "*wayyeḥĕrāb*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it dried up", "*wayyōlîkēm*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person plural suffix - and he led them", "*təhōmōt*": "noun, feminine, plural - depths/deeps", "*midbar*": "noun, masculine, singular - wilderness/desert" }, "variants": { "*wayyig'ar*": "and he rebuked/reproved/scolded", "*yam-sūf*": "Red Sea/Sea of Reeds", "*wayyeḥĕrāb*": "and it dried up/was parched/became dry", "*wayyōlîkēm*": "and he led them/guided them/caused them to walk", "*təhōmōt*": "depths/deep places/abysses", "*midbar*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.10", "source": "וַֽ֭יּוֹשִׁיעֵם מִיַּ֣ד שׂוֹנֵ֑א וַ֝יִּגְאָלֵ֗ם מִיַּ֥ד אוֹיֵֽב׃", "text": "*wayyōšî'ēm* from-hand-of *śōnē'* *wayyig'ālēm* from-hand-of *'ōyēb*", "grammar": { "*wayyōšî'ēm*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person plural suffix - and he saved them", "*śōnē'*": "qal participle, masculine, singular - hater/one who hates", "*wayyig'ālēm*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person plural suffix - and he redeemed them", "*'ōyēb*": "qal participle, masculine, singular - enemy/one who is hostile" }, "variants": { "*wayyōšî'ēm*": "and he saved them/delivered them/rescued them", "*śōnē'*": "hater/one who hates/adversary", "*wayyig'ālēm*": "and he redeemed them/ransomed them/reclaimed them", "*'ōyēb*": "enemy/foe/adversary" } } 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.11", "source": "וַיְכַסּוּ־מַ֥יִם צָרֵיהֶ֑ם אֶחָ֥ד מֵ֝הֶ֗ם לֹ֣א נוֹתָֽר׃", "text": "*wayəkassū*-*mayim* *ṣārêhem* one from-them not *nōtār*", "grammar": { "*wayəkassū*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they covered", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine, plural - waters", "*ṣārêhem*": "qal participle + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their adversaries", "*nōtār*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was left/remained" }, "variants": { "*wayəkassū*": "and they covered/overwhelmed/concealed", "*mayim*": "waters/water", "*ṣārêhem*": "their adversaries/enemies/foes", "*nōtār*": "was left/remained/survived" } }
• Ps 114:1-8 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.114.1", "source": "בְּצֵ֣את יִ֭שְׂרָאֵל מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם בֵּ֥ית יַ֝עֲקֹ֗ב מֵעַ֥ם לֹעֵֽז׃", "text": "In *bĕṣēʾt* *yiśrāʾēl* from *miṣrāyim* *bêt* *yaʿăqōb* from *ʿam* *lōʿēz*", "grammar": { "*bĕṣēʾt*": "construct infinitive with preposition - in/when going out", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun with preposition min - from Egypt", "*bêt*": "construct noun - house of", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*ʿam*": "noun with preposition min - from people", "*lōʿēz*": "participle - speaking foreign language/barbarous" }, "variants": { "*bĕṣēʾt*": "when going out/departing/exiting", "*lōʿēz*": "foreign-speaking/strange language/barbarian" } } 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.114.2", "source": "הָיְתָ֣ה יְהוּדָ֣ה לְקָדְשׁ֑וֹ יִ֝שְׂרָאֵ֗ל מַמְשְׁלוֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "*hāyĕtāh* *yĕhûdāh* for *qādĕšô* *yiśrāʾēl* *mamšĕlôtāyw*", "grammar": { "*hāyĕtāh*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - became/was", "*yĕhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*qādĕšô*": "noun with preposition lamed and 3rd masculine singular suffix - for his sanctuary/holiness", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*mamšĕlôtāyw*": "noun plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his dominions/realms" }, "variants": { "*qādĕšô*": "his sanctuary/his holy place/his holiness", "*mamšĕlôtāyw*": "his dominions/his realms/his kingdoms" } } 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.114.3", "source": "הַיָּ֣ם רָ֭אָה וַיָּנֹ֑ס הַ֝יַּרְדֵּ֗ן יִסֹּ֥ב לְאָחֽוֹר׃", "text": "The *yām* *rāʾāh* *wayyānōs* the *yarrĕdēn* *yissōb* *lĕʾāḥôr*", "grammar": { "*yām*": "noun with definite article - the sea", "*rāʾāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - saw", "*wayyānōs*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and fled", "*yarrĕdēn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Jordan", "*yissōb*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - turned", "*lĕʾāḥôr*": "noun with preposition - backward" }, "variants": { "*rāʾāh*": "saw/perceived/observed", "*wayyānōs*": "and fled/and ran away", "*yissōb*": "turned/turned around/turned back" } } 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.114.4", "source": "הֶֽ֭הָרִים רָקְד֣וּ כְאֵילִ֑ים גְּ֝בָע֗וֹת כִּבְנֵי־צֹֽאן׃", "text": "The *hehārîm* *rāqĕdû* like *ʾēlîm* *gĕbāʿôt* like *bĕnê-ṣōʾn*", "grammar": { "*hehārîm*": "noun plural with definite article - the mountains", "*rāqĕdû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - skipped/danced", "*ʾēlîm*": "noun plural with preposition kaf - like rams", "*gĕbāʿôt*": "noun plural - hills", "*bĕnê-ṣōʾn*": "construct phrase with preposition kaf - like lambs (lit: sons of flock)" }, "variants": { "*rāqĕdû*": "skipped/danced/leaped", "*ʾēlîm*": "rams/male sheep", "*bĕnê-ṣōʾn*": "lambs/young sheep" } } 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.114.5", "source": "מַה־לְּךָ֣ הַ֭יָּם כִּ֣י תָנ֑וּס הַ֝יַּרְדֵּ֗ן תִּסֹּ֥ב לְאָחֽוֹר׃", "text": "*mah-lĕkā* the *yām* that *tānûs* the *yarrĕdēn* *tissōb* *lĕʾāḥôr*", "grammar": { "*mah-lĕkā*": "interrogative with preposition and 2nd masculine singular suffix - what to you", "*yām*": "noun with definite article - the sea", "*tānûs*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you flee", "*yarrĕdēn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Jordan", "*tissōb*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you turn", "*lĕʾāḥôr*": "noun with preposition - backward" }, "variants": { "*mah-lĕkā*": "what is with you/what ails you/what's your problem", "*tānûs*": "you flee/you run away", "*tissōb*": "you turn/you turn around/you turn back" } } 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.114.6", "source": "הֶֽ֭הָרִים תִּרְקְד֣וּ כְאֵילִ֑ים גְּ֝בָע֗וֹת כִּבְנֵי־צֹֽאן׃", "text": "The *hehārîm* *tirqĕdû* like *ʾēlîm* *gĕbāʿôt* like *bĕnê-ṣōʾn*", "grammar": { "*hehārîm*": "noun plural with definite article - the mountains", "*tirqĕdû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you skip/dance", "*ʾēlîm*": "noun plural with preposition kaf - like rams", "*gĕbāʿôt*": "noun plural - hills", "*bĕnê-ṣōʾn*": "construct phrase with preposition kaf - like lambs (lit: sons of flock)" }, "variants": { "*tirqĕdû*": "you skip/you dance/you leap", "*ʾēlîm*": "rams/male sheep", "*bĕnê-ṣōʾn*": "lambs/young sheep" } } 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.114.7", "source": "מִלִּפְנֵ֣י אָ֭דוֹן ח֣וּלִי אָ֑רֶץ מִ֝לִּפְנֵ֗י אֱל֣וֹהַּ יַעֲקֹֽב׃", "text": "From *millipĕnê* *ʾādôn* *ḥûlî* *ʾāreṣ* from *millipĕnê* *ʾĕlôah* *yaʿăqōb*", "grammar": { "*millipĕnê*": "compound preposition - from before", "*ʾādôn*": "noun - Lord/Master", "*ḥûlî*": "qal imperative feminine singular - writhe/tremble", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun - earth/land", "*ʾĕlôah*": "noun - God", "*yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob" }, "variants": { "*millipĕnê*": "from before/from the presence of", "*ʾādôn*": "Lord/Master/Sovereign", "*ḥûlî*": "writhe/tremble/be in anguish", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*ʾĕlôah*": "God/deity" } } 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.114.8", "source": "הַהֹפְכִ֣י הַצּ֣וּר אֲגַם־מָ֑יִם חַ֝לָּמִ֗ישׁ לְמַעְיְנוֹ־מָֽיִם׃", "text": "The *hahōpĕkî* the *ṣûr* *ʾăgam-māyim* *ḥallāmîš* to *maʿyĕnô-māyim*", "grammar": { "*hahōpĕkî*": "qal participle with definite article - the one turning", "*ṣûr*": "noun with definite article - the rock", "*ʾăgam-māyim*": "construct phrase - pool of water", "*ḥallāmîš*": "noun - flint/hard rock", "*maʿyĕnô-māyim*": "noun with preposition and construct - to spring of water" }, "variants": { "*hahōpĕkî*": "the one turning/transforming/converting", "*ṣûr*": "rock/stone/boulder", "*ʾăgam-māyim*": "pool of water/pond", "*ḥallāmîš*": "flint/hard rock/flinty rock", "*maʿyĕnô-māyim*": "spring of water/fountain" } }
• Ps 135:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.135.4", "source": "כִּֽי־יַעֲקֹ֗ב בָּחַ֣ר ל֣וֹ יָ֑הּ יִ֝שְׂרָאֵ֗ל לִסְגֻלָּתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*kī*-*Yaʿăqōb* *bāḥar* *lō* *Yah* *Yiśrāʾēl* *lisᵉgullātō*", "grammar": { "*kī*": "conjunction - for/because", "*Yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*bāḥar*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - has chosen", "*lō*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - for himself", "*Yah*": "proper noun - shortened form of YHWH", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*lisᵉgullātō*": "preposition + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - for his treasured possession" }, "variants": { "*bāḥar*": "chose/selected/elected", "*lō*": "for himself/to himself", "*sᵉgullātō*": "treasured possession/personal property/special treasure" } }
• Ps 135:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.135.8", "source": "שֶֽׁ֭הִכָּה בְּכוֹרֵ֣י מִצְרָ֑יִם מֵ֝אָדָ֗ם עַד־בְּהֵמָֽה׃", "text": "*šehikkāh* *bᵉkōrēy* *Miṣrāyim* *mēʾādām* *ʿad*-*bᵉhēmāh*", "grammar": { "*šehikkāh*": "relative particle + Hiphil perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - who struck", "*bᵉkōrēy*": "noun, masculine plural construct - firstborn of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*mēʾādām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from man/human", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until/as far as", "*bᵉhēmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - beast/animal" }, "variants": { "*hikkāh*": "struck/smote/attacked", "*bᵉkōrēy*": "firstborn/firstlings", "*Miṣrāyim*": "Egypt/Egyptians", "*ʾādām*": "man/human/mankind", "*bᵉhēmāh*": "beast/animal/cattle" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.135.9", "source": "שָׁלַ֤ח ׀ אֹת֣וֹת וּ֖‪[d]‬מֹפְתִים בְּתוֹכֵ֣כִי מִצְרָ֑יִם בְּ֝פַרְעֹ֗ה וּבְכָל־עֲבָדָֽיו׃", "text": "*šālaḥ* *ʾōtōt* *ûmōpᵉtīm* *bᵉtōkēki* *Miṣrāyim* *bᵉParʿōh* *ûbᵉkol*-*ʿăbādāyw*", "grammar": { "*šālaḥ*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he sent", "*ʾōtōt*": "noun, feminine plural - signs", "*ûmōpᵉtīm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and wonders", "*bᵉtōkēki*": "preposition + noun + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - in your midst", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*bᵉParʿōh*": "preposition + proper noun - against Pharaoh", "*ûbᵉkol*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - and against all", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his servants" }, "variants": { "*šālaḥ*": "sent/dispatched", "*ʾōtōt*": "signs/portents/tokens", "*mōpᵉtīm*": "wonders/miracles/portents", "*tōkēki*": "midst/among/within you", "*ʿăbādāyw*": "his servants/his officials/his slaves" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.135.10", "source": "שֶֽׁ֭הִכָּה גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֑ים וְ֝הָרַ֗ג מְלָכִ֥ים עֲצוּמִֽים׃", "text": "*šehikkāh* *gōyim* *rabbīm* *wᵉhārag* *mᵉlākīm* *ʿăṣûmīm*", "grammar": { "*šehikkāh*": "relative particle + Hiphil perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - who struck", "*gōyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations", "*rabbīm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many", "*wᵉhārag*": "conjunction + perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - and killed", "*mᵉlākīm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*ʿăṣûmīm*": "adjective, masculine plural - mighty" }, "variants": { "*hikkāh*": "struck/smote/defeated", "*gōyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*rabbīm*": "many/great/numerous", "*hārag*": "killed/slew/destroyed", "*mᵉlākīm*": "kings/rulers/monarchs", "*ʿăṣûmīm*": "mighty/powerful/strong" } }
• Ps 136:10-15 : 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.10", "source": "לְמַכֵּ֣ה מִ֭צְרַיִם בִּבְכוֹרֵיהֶ֑ם כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "to-*makkēh* *miṣrayim* in-*bəkôrêhem* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*makkēh*": "participle, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for the one striking", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*bəkôrêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and prefixed preposition bet - in/among their firstborn", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*makkēh*": "striking/smiting/defeating", "*miṣrayim*": "Egypt/Egyptians", "*bəkôrêhem*": "their firstborn/their firstborn sons", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } } 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.11", "source": "וַיּוֹצֵ֣א יִ֭שְׂרָאֵל מִתּוֹכָ֑ם כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "*wayyôṣēʾ* *yiśrāʾēl* from-*tôkām* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*wayyôṣēʾ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he brought out", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*tôkām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and prefixed preposition min - from their midst", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*wayyôṣēʾ*": "and he brought out/led out/delivered", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel/Israelites", "*tôkām*": "their midst/from among them", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } } 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.12", "source": "בְּיָ֣ד חֲ֭זָקָה וּבִזְר֣וֹעַ נְטוּיָ֑ה כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "in-*yād* *ḥăzāqāh* *û*-in-*zərôaʿ* *nəṭûyāh* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*yād*": "noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition bet - with/by hand", "*ḥăzāqāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - strong", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*zərôaʿ*": "noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition bet - with/by arm", "*nəṭûyāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - stretched out/extended", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*yād*": "hand/power", "*ḥăzāqāh*": "strong/mighty/powerful", "*zərôaʿ*": "arm/strength/power", "*nəṭûyāh*": "stretched out/extended/outstretched", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } } 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.13", "source": "לְגֹזֵ֣ר יַם־ס֭וּף לִגְזָרִ֑ים כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "to-*gōzēr* *yam*-*sûp* to-*gəzārîm* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*gōzēr*": "participle, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for the one cutting/dividing", "*yam*": "noun, masculine singular in construct - sea of", "*sûp*": "noun, masculine singular - reed/end", "*gəzārîm*": "noun, masculine plural with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for pieces/parts", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*gōzēr*": "cutting/dividing/splitting", "*yam-sûp*": "Reed Sea/Red Sea", "*gəzārîm*": "pieces/parts/divisions", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } } 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.14", "source": "וְהֶעֱבִ֣יר יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל בְּתוֹכ֑וֹ כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "*wəheʿĕbîr* *yiśrāʾēl* in-*tôkô* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*wəheʿĕbîr*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw conjunction - and he caused to pass through", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*tôkô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition bet - in its midst", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*wəheʿĕbîr*": "and he caused to pass through/led through/brought across", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel/Israelites", "*tôkô*": "its midst/through it", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } } 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.15", "source": "וְנִ֘עֵ֤ר פַּרְעֹ֣ה וְחֵיל֣וֹ בְיַם־ס֑וּף כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "*wəniʿēr* *parʿōh* *wə*-*ḥêlô* in-*yam*-*sûp* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*wəniʿēr*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw conjunction - and he shook off", "*parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥêlô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his army", "*yam*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition bet - in sea of", "*sûp*": "noun, masculine singular - reed/end", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*wəniʿēr*": "and he shook off/overthrew/tossed", "*parʿōh*": "Pharaoh", "*ḥêlô*": "his army/force/strength", "*yam-sûp*": "Reed Sea/Red Sea", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } }
• Isa 41:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.41.8", "source": "וְאַתָּה֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל עַבְדִּ֔י יַעֲקֹ֖ב אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּחַרְתִּ֑יךָ זֶ֖רַע אַבְרָהָ֥ם אֹהֲבִֽי׃", "text": "And-*ʾattâ yiśrāʾēl ʿaḇdî yaʿăqōḇ ʾăšer bəḥartîḵā zeraʿ ʾaḇrāhām ʾōhăḇî*", "grammar": { "*ʾattâ*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿaḇdî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person common singular suffix - my servant", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - whom", "*bəḥartîḵā*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person common singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have chosen you", "*zeraʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - seed/offspring of", "*ʾaḇrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*ʾōhăḇî*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular + 1st person common singular suffix - my friend/one who loves me" }, "variants": { "*ʿaḇdî*": "my servant/my slave", "*bəḥartîḵā*": "I have chosen you/I have selected you/I have elected you", "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*ʾōhăḇî*": "my friend/my beloved/one who loves me" } } 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.41.9", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֤ר הֶחֱזַקְתִּ֙יךָ֙ מִקְצ֣וֹת הָאָ֔רֶץ וּמֵאֲצִילֶ֖יהָ קְרָאתִ֑יךָ וָאֹ֤מַר לְךָ֙ עַבְדִּי־אַ֔תָּה בְּחַרְתִּ֖יךָ וְלֹ֥א מְאַסְתִּֽיךָ׃", "text": "*ʾăšer heḥĕzaqtîḵā* from-*qəṣôt hāʾāreṣ* and-from-*ʾăṣîleyhā qərāʾtîḵā wāʾōmar ləḵā ʿaḇdî-ʾattâ bəḥartîḵā wəlōʾ məʾastîḵā*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - whom", "*heḥĕzaqtîḵā*": "verb, hiphil perfect 1st person common singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I took hold of you", "*qəṣôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - ends of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land", "*ʾăṣîleyhā*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its corners/remote parts", "*qərāʾtîḵā*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person common singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I called you", "*wāʾōmar*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 1st person common singular (with waw consecutive) - and I said", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*ʿaḇdî-ʾattâ*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person common singular suffix + pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you are my servant", "*bəḥartîḵā*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person common singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have chosen you", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*məʾastîḵā*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person common singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I have rejected you" }, "variants": { "*heḥĕzaqtîḵā*": "took hold of you/seized you/took you/grasped you", "*qəṣôt*": "ends/extremities/remote parts", "*ʾăṣîleyhā*": "its corners/remote parts/nobles", "*qərāʾtîḵā*": "called you/summoned you/invited you", "*məʾastîḵā*": "rejected you/refused you/despised you" } }
• Isa 44:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.44.1", "source": "וְעַתָּ֥ה שְׁמַ֖ע יַעֲקֹ֣ב עַבְדִּ֑י וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בָּחַ֥רְתִּי בֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-ʿattāh* *šəmaʿ* *yaʿăqōḇ* *ʿaḇdî* *wə-yiśrāʾēl* *bāḥartî* *bô*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*šəmaʿ*": "imperative, masculine, singular - hear/listen", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun, masculine - Jacob", "*ʿaḇdî*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my servant", "*wə-yiśrāʾēl*": "conjunction + proper noun, masculine - and Israel", "*bāḥartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have chosen", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in/with him" }, "variants": { "*šəmaʿ*": "hear/listen/obey", "*bāḥartî*": "I have chosen/selected/elected", "*bô*": "in him/with him/for him" } }
• Isa 63:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.9", "source": "בְּֽכָל־צָרָתָ֣ם ׀ *לא **ל֣וֹ צָ֗ר וּמַלְאַ֤ךְ פָּנָיו֙ הֽוֹשִׁיעָ֔ם בְּאַהֲבָת֥וֹ וּבְחֶמְלָת֖וֹ ה֣וּא גְאָלָ֑ם וַֽיְנַטְּלֵ֥ם וַֽיְנַשְּׂאֵ֖ם כָּל־יְמֵ֥י עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "In all their *ṣārātām* [*lōʾ*/*lô*] *ṣār* and *malʾaḵ* of his *pānāyw* *hôšîʿām*, in his *ʾahăbātô* and in his *ḥemlātô* *hûʾ* *gĕʾālām*; and he *wayĕnaṭṭĕlēm* and he *wayĕnaśśĕʾēm* all *yĕmê* *ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*bĕḵāl*": "preposition bet + noun, masculine singular construct - in all", "*ṣārātām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their distresses", "*lōʾ/lô*": "negative particle/preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - not/to him", "*ṣār*": "adjective, masculine singular - distress/adversary", "*ûmalʾaḵ*": "conjunction waw + noun, masculine singular construct - and messenger/angel of", "*pānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face/presence", "*hôšîʿām*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - saved them", "*bĕʾahăbātô*": "preposition bet + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his love", "*ûbĕḥemlātô*": "conjunction waw + preposition bet + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and in his compassion", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*gĕʾālām*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - redeemed them", "*wayĕnaṭṭĕlēm*": "conjunction waw + Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he lifted them", "*wayĕnaśśĕʾēm*": "conjunction waw + Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he carried them", "*kāl-yĕmê*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine plural construct - all days of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - eternity/forever" }, "variants": { "*ṣārātām*": "their distresses/their troubles/their afflictions", "*lōʾ/lô*": "Text shows both readings: *lōʾ* (written) = 'not' / *lô* (read) = 'to him'", "*ṣār*": "distress/adversary/enemy/narrow", "*malʾaḵ*": "messenger/angel/representative", "*pānāyw*": "his face/his presence/his person", "*hôšîʿām*": "saved them/delivered them/rescued them", "*ʾahăbātô*": "his love/his affection", "*ḥemlātô*": "his compassion/his pity/his mercy", "*gĕʾālām*": "redeemed them/rescued them/acted as kinsman for them", "*yĕnaṭṭĕlēm*": "lifted them/raised them/carried them", "*yĕnaśśĕʾēm*": "carried them/bore them/supported them", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/forever/ancient time" } } 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.10", "source": "וְהֵ֛מָּה מָר֥וּ וְעִצְּב֖וּ אֶת־ר֣וּחַ קָדְשׁ֑וֹ וַיֵּהָפֵ֥ךְ לָהֶ֛ם לְאוֹיֵ֖ב ה֥וּא נִלְחַם־בָּֽם׃", "text": "And *hēmmāh* *mārû* and *ʿiṣṣĕbû* *ʾet-rûaḥ* his *qodeš*; and he *wayyēhāpēḵ* for them to *ʾôyēb*, *hûʾ* *nilḥam* against them.", "grammar": { "*wĕhēmmāh*": "conjunction waw + 3rd person masculine plural pronoun - and they", "*mārû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - rebelled", "*wĕʿiṣṣĕbû*": "conjunction waw + Piel perfect, 3rd person common plural - and grieved", "*ʾet-rûaḥ*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine singular construct - the spirit of", "*qodšô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his holiness", "*wayyēhāpēḵ*": "conjunction waw + Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he was turned", "*lāhem*": "preposition lamed with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - for them", "*lĕʾôyēb*": "preposition lamed + Qal participle, masculine singular - to an enemy", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*nilḥam-bām*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + preposition bet with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - fought against them" }, "variants": { "*mārû*": "rebelled/were disobedient/were defiant", "*ʿiṣṣĕbû*": "grieved/pained/hurt/made sad", "*rûaḥ qodšô*": "his holy spirit/his spirit of holiness", "*yēhāpēḵ*": "was turned/was changed/was transformed", "*ʾôyēb*": "enemy/foe/adversary", "*nilḥam*": "fought/waged war" } } 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.11", "source": "וַיִּזְכֹּ֥ר יְמֵֽי־עוֹלָ֖ם מֹשֶׁ֣ה עַמּ֑וֹ אַיֵּ֣ה ׀ הַֽמַּעֲלֵ֣ם מִיָּ֗ם אֵ֚ת רֹעֵ֣י צֹאנ֔וֹ אַיֵּ֛ה הַשָּׂ֥ם בְּקִרְבּ֖וֹ אֶת־ר֥וּחַ קָדְשֽׁוֹ׃", "text": "And he *wayyizkōr* *yĕmê*-*ʿôlām*, *mōšeh* his *ʿammô*. Where is *hammaʿălēm* from *yām* *ʾēt* *rōʿê* his *ṣōʾnô*? Where is *haśśām* within *qirbô* *ʾet-rûaḥ* his *qodšô*?", "grammar": { "*wayyizkōr*": "conjunction waw + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he remembered", "*yĕmê-ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine plural construct + noun, masculine singular - days of old", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿammô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people", "*ʾayyēh*": "interrogative adverb - where", "*hammaʿălēm*": "article + Hiphil participle, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - the one bringing them up", "*miyyām*": "preposition min + noun, masculine singular - from the sea", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*rōʿê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - shepherds of", "*ṣōʾnô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his flock", "*haśśām*": "article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the one who put", "*bĕqirbô*": "preposition bet + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - within him/in his midst", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*qodšô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his holiness" }, "variants": { "*yizkōr*": "remembered/recalled/brought to mind", "*yĕmê-ʿôlām*": "days of old/ancient days/days of eternity", "*hammaʿălēm*": "the one bringing them up/the one causing them to ascend", "*rōʿê*": "shepherds/pastors/keepers", "*śām*": "put/placed/established", "*qirbô*": "his midst/within him/among them", "*rûaḥ qodšô*": "his holy spirit/his spirit of holiness" } } 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.12", "source": "מוֹלִיךְ֙ לִימִ֣ין מֹשֶׁ֔ה זְר֖וֹעַ תִּפְאַרְתּ֑וֹ בּ֤וֹקֵֽעַ מַ֙יִם֙ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת ל֖וֹ שֵׁ֥ם עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*môlîḵ* at the right of *mōšeh* *zĕrôaʿ* his *tipʾartô*, *bôqēaʿ* *mayim* from *pĕnêhem*, to *laʿăśôt* for him *šēm* *ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*môlîḵ*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular - causing to go/leading", "*lîmîn*": "preposition lamed + noun, feminine singular construct - at the right of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*zĕrôaʿ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - arm of", "*tipʾartô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his glory", "*bôqēaʿ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - cleaving/dividing", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*mippĕnêhem*": "preposition min + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from before them", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition lamed + Qal infinitive construct - to make", "*lô*": "preposition lamed with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - for himself", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - everlasting/eternity" }, "variants": { "*môlîḵ*": "leading/causing to go/guiding", "*zĕrôaʿ*": "arm/strength/power", "*tipʾartô*": "his glory/his beauty/his splendor", "*bôqēaʿ*": "cleaving/dividing/splitting", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/renown", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/eternal/perpetual" } } 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.13", "source": "מוֹלִיכָ֖ם בַּתְּהֹמ֑וֹת כַּסּ֥וּס בַּמִּדְבָּ֖ר לֹ֥א יִכָּשֵֽׁלוּ׃", "text": "*môlîḵām* in the *tĕhōmôt*, like the *sûs* in the *midbār* they did not *yikkāšēlû*.", "grammar": { "*môlîḵām*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - leading them", "*battĕhōmôt*": "preposition bet + article + noun, feminine plural - in the deeps", "*kassûs*": "preposition kaf + article + noun, masculine singular - like the horse", "*bammidbār*": "preposition bet + article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yikkāšēlû*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they stumbled" }, "variants": { "*môlîḵām*": "leading them/guiding them/causing them to go", "*tĕhōmôt*": "deeps/depths/abysses", "*sûs*": "horse/steed", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*yikkāšēlû*": "stumbled/fell/tottered" } } 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.63.14", "source": "כַּבְּהֵמָה֙ בַּבִּקְעָ֣ה תֵרֵ֔ד ר֥וּחַ יְהוָ֖ה תְּנִיחֶ֑נּוּ כֵּ֚ן נִהַ֣גְתָּ עַמְּךָ֔ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת לְךָ֖ שֵׁ֥ם תִּפְאָֽרֶת׃", "text": "Like the *bĕhēmāh* in the *biqʿāh* *tērēd*, *rûaḥ* *YHWH* *tĕnîḥennû*; thus *nihagtā* your *ʿammĕḵā*, to *laʿăśôt* for yourself *šēm* *tipʾāret*.", "grammar": { "*kabbĕhēmāh*": "preposition kaf + article + noun, feminine singular - like the cattle", "*babbiqʿāh*": "preposition bet + article + noun, feminine singular - in the valley", "*tērēd*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - goes down", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*tĕnîḥennû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - causes it to rest", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*nihagtā*": "Piel perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you led", "*ʿammĕḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition lamed + Qal infinitive construct - to make", "*lĕḵā*": "preposition lamed with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - for yourself", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*tipʾāret*": "noun, feminine singular - beauty/glory" }, "variants": { "*bĕhēmāh*": "cattle/beast/animal", "*biqʿāh*": "valley/plain", "*tērēd*": "goes down/descends", "*tĕnîḥennû*": "causes it to rest/gives it rest/makes it settle", "*nihagtā*": "you led/you guided/you drove", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/renown", "*tipʾāret*": "beauty/glory/splendor" } }
• Jer 32:20-21 : 20 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.32.20", "source": "אֲשֶׁר־שַׂ֠מְתָּ אֹת֨וֹת וּמֹפְתִ֤ים בְּאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ עַד־הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה וּבְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וּבָֽאָדָ֑ם וַתַּעֲשֶׂה־לְּךָ֥ שֵׁ֖ם כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "*ʾăšer-śamtā* *ʾōtôt* *û-mōpətîm* in-*ʾereṣ*-*miṣrayim* until-the-*yôm* the-*zeh* *û-bə-yiśrāʾēl* *û-bā-ʾādām* *wa-taʿăśeh*-to-*kā* *šēm* like-the-*yôm* the-*zeh*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*śamtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you set/placed", "*ʾōtôt*": "common noun masculine plural - signs", "*û-mōpətîm*": "conjunction + common noun masculine plural - and wonders", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*yôm*": "common noun masculine singular - day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective masculine singular - this", "*û-bə-yiśrāʾēl*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and in Israel", "*û-bā-ʾādām*": "conjunction + preposition + common noun - and among mankind", "*wa-taʿăśeh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you made", "*šēm*": "common noun masculine singular - name/reputation", "*yôm*": "common noun masculine singular - day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*śamtā*": "set/placed/established/appointed", "*ʾōtôt*": "signs/tokens/omens", "*mōpətîm*": "wonders/miracles/portents", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/renown" } } 21 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.32.21", "source": "וַתֹּצֵ֛א אֶת־עַמְּךָ֥ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם בְּאֹת֣וֹת וּבְמוֹפְתִ֗ים וּבְיָ֤ד חֲזָקָה֙ וּבְאֶזְר֣וֹעַ נְטוּיָ֔ה וּבְמוֹרָ֖א גָּדֽוֹל׃", "text": "*wa-tōṣēʾ* *ʾet*-*ʿamməkā* *ʾet*-*yiśrāʾēl* from-*ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim* with-*ʾōtôt* and-with-*môpətîm* and-with-*yād* *ḥăzāqâ* and-with-*ʾezrôaʿ* *nəṭûyâ* and-with-*môrāʾ* *gādôl*", "grammar": { "*wa-tōṣēʾ*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you brought out", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿamməkā*": "common noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾereṣ*": "common noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ʾōtôt*": "common noun masculine plural - signs", "*môpətîm*": "common noun masculine plural - wonders", "*yād*": "common noun feminine singular - hand", "*ḥăzāqâ*": "adjective feminine singular - strong", "*ʾezrôaʿ*": "common noun feminine singular - arm", "*nəṭûyâ*": "qal passive participle feminine singular - outstretched", "*môrāʾ*": "common noun masculine singular - fear/terror", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great" }, "variants": { "*tōṣēʾ*": "brought out/led out/delivered", "*ʿamməkā*": "your people/nation", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*ʾōtôt*": "signs/tokens/omens", "*môpətîm*": "wonders/miracles/portents", "*yād*": "hand/power/strength", "*ḥăzāqâ*": "strong/mighty/powerful", "*ʾezrôaʿ*": "arm/power/strength", "*nəṭûyâ*": "outstretched/extended", "*môrāʾ*": "fear/terror/dread/awe" } }
• Jer 33:24-26 : 24 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.33.24", "source": "הֲל֣וֹא רָאִ֗יתָ מָֽה־הָעָ֤ם הַזֶּה֙ דִּבְּר֣וּ לֵאמֹ֔ר שְׁתֵּ֣י הַמִּשְׁפָּח֗וֹת אֲשֶׁ֨ר בָּחַ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה בָּהֶ֖ם וַיִּמְאָסֵ֑ם וְאֶת־עַמִּי֙ יִנְאָצ֔וּן מִֽהְי֥וֹת ע֖וֹד גּ֥וֹי לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Have not *rāʾîṯā* what *hāʿām* *hazzeh* *dibbərû* *lēʾmōr* *šəttê* *hammišpāḥôṯ* which *bāḥar* *YHWH* in them *wayyimʾāsēm* and *ʿammî* *yinʾāṣûn* from *mihyôṯ* still *gôy* before them", "grammar": { "*rāʾîṯā*": "qal perfect 2ms - you have seen", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun ms - the people", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative ms - this", "*dibbərû*": "piel perfect 3p - they have spoken", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*šəttê*": "numeral construct - two of", "*hammišpāḥôṯ*": "definite article + noun fp - the families", "*bāḥar*": "qal perfect 3ms - he chose", "*wayyimʾāsēm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms + 3mp suffix - and he rejected them", "*ʿammî*": "noun ms + 1s suffix - my people", "*yinʾāṣûn*": "piel imperfect 3mp - they despise", "*mihyôṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - from being", "*gôy*": "noun ms - nation" }, "variants": { "*dibbərû*": "spoken/said/declared", "*hammišpāḥôṯ*": "families/clans/tribes", "*wayyimʾāsēm*": "rejected/spurned/despised them", "*yinʾāṣûn*": "despise/spurn/treat with contempt" } } 25 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.33.25", "source": "כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה אִם־לֹ֥א בְרִיתִ֖י יוֹמָ֣ם וָלָ֑יְלָה חֻקּ֛וֹת שָׁמַ֥יִם וָאָ֖רֶץ לֹא־שָֽׂמְתִּי׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* if not *ḇərîṯî* *yômām* *wālāyəlāh* *ḥuqqôṯ* *šāmayim* *wāʾāreṣ* not *śāmtî*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3ms - he said/says", "*ḇərîṯî*": "noun fs + 1s suffix - my covenant", "*yômām*": "adverb - by day", "*wālāyəlāh*": "waw conjunction + noun ms - and night", "*ḥuqqôṯ*": "noun fp construct - ordinances of", "*šāmayim*": "noun mp - heavens", "*wāʾāreṣ*": "waw conjunction + noun fs - and earth", "*śāmtî*": "qal perfect 1s - I have appointed" }, "variants": { "*ḇərîṯî*": "my covenant/agreement/treaty", "*ḥuqqôṯ*": "ordinances/statutes/decrees", "*śāmtî*": "set/appointed/established" } } 26 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.33.26", "source": "גַּם־זֶ֣רַע יַעֲקוֹב֩ וְדָוִ֨ד עַבְדִּ֜י אֶמְאַ֗ס מִקַּ֤חַת מִזַּרְעוֹ֙ מֹֽשְׁלִ֔ים אֶל־זֶ֥רַע אַבְרָהָ֖ם יִשְׂחָ֣ק וְיַעֲקֹ֑ב כִּֽי־אָשִׁ֥יב אֶת־שְׁבוּתָ֖ם וְרִחַמְתִּֽים׃", "text": "Also *zeraʿ* *yaʿăqôḇ* and *ḏāwiḏ* *ʿaḇdî* *ʾemʾas* from *miqqaḥaṯ* from *mizzarʿô* *mōšəlîm* unto *zeraʿ* *ʾaḇrāhām* *yiśḥāq* and *yaʿăqōḇ* for *ʾāšîḇ* *šəḇûṯām* and *riḥamtîm*", "grammar": { "*zeraʿ*": "noun ms construct - seed of", "*ʿaḇdî*": "noun ms + 1s suffix - my servant", "*ʾemʾas*": "qal imperfect 1s - I will reject", "*miqqaḥaṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - from taking", "*mizzarʿô*": "preposition + noun ms + 3ms suffix - from his seed", "*mōšəlîm*": "qal participle mp - rulers", "*zeraʿ*": "noun ms construct - seed of", "*ʾāšîḇ*": "hiphil imperfect 1s - I will restore", "*šəḇûṯām*": "noun fs + 3mp suffix - their captivity", "*riḥamtîm*": "piel perfect 1s + 3mp suffix - I will have mercy on them" }, "variants": { "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*ʾemʾas*": "reject/refuse/despise", "*mōšəlîm*": "rulers/governors/ones ruling", "*ʾāšîḇ*": "restore/return/bring back", "*šəḇûṯām*": "their captivity/fortunes/prosperity", "*riḥamtîm*": "have mercy on/compassion on/pity them" } }
• Amos 2:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Amos.2.10", "source": "וְאָנֹכִ֛י הֶעֱלֵ֥יתִי אֶתְכֶ֖ם מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וָאוֹלֵ֨ךְ אֶתְכֶ֤ם בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה לָרֶ֖שֶׁת אֶת־אֶ֥רֶץ הָאֱמֹרִֽי׃", "text": "*wə-ʾānōkî heʿĕlêtî ʾetkem mēʾereṣ miṣrāyim wāʾôlēk ʾetkem bammidbār ʾarbāʿîm šānāh lārešet ʾet-ʾereṣ hāʾĕmōrî*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾānōkî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular independent pronoun - and I", "*heʿĕlêtî*": "hiphil perfect 1st singular - I brought up", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*mēʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - from land of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*wāʾôlēk*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 1st singular - and I led", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*bammidbār*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular - in the wilderness", "*ʾarbāʿîm*": "cardinal number - forty", "*šānāh*": "feminine singular - year", "*lārešet*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to possess/inherit", "*ʾet-ʾereṣ*": "direct object marker + feminine singular construct - the land of", "*hāʾĕmōrî*": "definite article + proper noun - the Amorite" }, "variants": { "*heʿĕlêtî*": "I brought up/I caused to ascend/I led up", "*miṣrāyim*": "Egypt/Egyptians", "*wāʾôlēk*": "and I led/and I caused to walk/and I guided", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*lārešet*": "to possess/to inherit/to take possession of", "*hāʾĕmōrî*": "the Amorite/the Amorites (collective singular)" } }
• Mic 6:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Micah.6.4", "source": "כִּ֤י הֶעֱלִתִ֙יךָ֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם וּמִבֵּ֥ית עֲבָדִ֖ים פְּדִיתִ֑יךָ וָאֶשְׁלַ֣ח לְפָנֶ֔יךָ אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֖ה אַהֲרֹ֥ן וּמִרְיָֽם׃", "text": "*kî* *heʿĕlîtîkā* *mē-ʾereṣ* *miṣrayim* *û-mibêt* *ʿăbādîm* *pədîtîkā* *wā-ʾešlaḥ* *lə-pānêkā* *ʾet*-*mōšeh* *ʾahărōn* *û-miryām*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*heʿĕlîtîkā*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I brought you up", "*mē-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*û-mibêt*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - and from house of", "*ʿăbādîm*": "noun, masculine plural - slaves/servants", "*pədîtîkā*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I redeemed you", "*wā-ʾešlaḥ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st person singular consecutive - and I sent", "*lə-pānêkā*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron", "*û-miryām*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Miriam" }, "variants": { "*heʿĕlîtîkā*": "brought up/raised/lifted/elevated you", "*pədîtîkā*": "redeemed/ransomed/freed you" } }
• Mic 7:15-16 : 15 { "verseID": "Micah.7.15", "source": "כִּימֵ֥י צֵאתְךָ֖ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם אַרְאֶ֖נּוּ נִפְלָאֽוֹת׃", "text": "Like-*yəmê* your *ṣēʾtəkā* from-*ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim* I will *ʾarʾennû* *niplāʾôt*.", "grammar": { "*ki-yəmê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct noun - like days of", "*ṣēʾtəkā*": "Qal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your going out", "*mē-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct noun - from land of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ʾarʾennû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will show him", "*niplāʾôt*": "Niphal participle, feminine plural - wonderful things/marvelous works" }, "variants": { "*yəmê ṣēʾtəkā*": "days of your coming out/exodus/departure", "*ʾereṣ miṣrāyim*": "land of Egypt", "*ʾarʾennû*": "I will show him/let him see", "*niplāʾôt*": "wonders/marvelous works/miracles" } } 16 { "verseID": "Micah.7.16", "source": "יִרְא֤וּ גוֹיִם֙ וְיֵבֹ֔שׁוּ מִכֹּ֖ל גְּבֽוּרָתָ֑ם יָשִׂ֤ימוּ יָד֙ עַל־פֶּ֔ה אָזְנֵיהֶ֖ם תֶּחֱרַֽשְׁנָה׃", "text": "They will *yirʾû* *gôyim* and *yēbōšû* from-all their *gəbûrātām*; they will *yāśîmû* *yād* upon-*peh*, their *ʾoznêhem* *teḥĕrašnāh*.", "grammar": { "*yirʾû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will see", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yēbōšû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be ashamed", "*mi-kōl*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - from all of", "*gəbûrātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their might/strength", "*yāśîmû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will put/place", "*yād*": "feminine singular noun - hand", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*peh*": "masculine singular noun - mouth", "*ʾoznêhem*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their ears", "*teḥĕrašnāh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they will be deaf/silent" }, "variants": { "*yirʾû*": "they will see/perceive/observe", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*yēbōšû*": "they will be ashamed/disgraced/embarrassed", "*gəbûrātām*": "their might/strength/power", "*yāśîmû yād ʿal-peh*": "they will put hand over mouth/be silenced/be speechless", "*teḥĕrašnāh*": "will be deaf/become silent/be speechless" } }
• Acts 7:2-9 : 31 { "verseID": "Acts.7.31", "source": "Ὁ δὲ Μωσῆς ἰδὼν, ἐθαύμασεν τὸ ὅραμα: προσερχομένου δὲ αὐτοῦ κατανοῆσαι, ἐγένετο φωνὴ Κυρίου πρὸς αὐτόν,", "text": "The *de* *Mōsēs* *idōn*, *ethaumasen* the *horama*: *proserchomenou* *de* of him *katanoēsai*, *egeneto* *phōnē* *Kyriou* *pros* him,", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/now", "*Mōsēs*": "nominative masculine singular - Moses", "*idōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - seeing/having seen", "*ethaumasen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - marveled/wondered at", "*horama*": "accusative neuter singular - sight/vision", "*proserchomenou*": "present middle participle, genitive masculine singular - coming near/approaching", "*katanoēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to observe closely/consider", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - came/happened", "*phōnē*": "nominative feminine singular - voice/sound", "*Kyriou*": "genitive masculine singular - of the Lord", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward" }, "variants": { "*idōn*": "seeing/having seen/observing", "*ethaumasen*": "marveled/wondered at/was amazed at", "*horama*": "sight/vision/appearance", "*proserchomenou*": "coming near/approaching/drawing near", "*katanoēsai*": "to observe closely/consider/examine", "*egeneto*": "came/happened/occurred", "*phōnē*": "voice/sound/utterance", "*pros*": "to/toward/with" } } 32 { "verseID": "Acts.7.32", "source": "Ἐγὼ ὁ Θεὸς τῶν πατέρων σου, ὁ Θεὸς Ἀβραὰμ, καὶ ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσαὰκ, καὶ ὁ Θεὸς Ἰακώβ. Ἔντρομος δὲ γενόμενος Μωσῆς, οὐκ ἐτόλμα κατανοῆσαι.", "text": "*Egō* the *Theos* of the *paterōn* of you, the *Theos* *Abraam*, *kai* the *Theos* *Isaak*, *kai* the *Theos* *Iakōb*. *Entromos* *de* *genomenos* *Mōsēs*, *ouk* *etolma* *katanoēsai*.", "grammar": { "*Egō*": "nominative singular - I", "*Theos*": "nominative masculine singular - God", "*paterōn*": "genitive masculine plural - fathers/ancestors", "*Abraam*": "genitive - Abraham", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*Isaak*": "genitive - Isaac", "*Iakōb*": "genitive - Jacob", "*Entromos*": "nominative masculine singular - trembling", "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/now", "*genomenos*": "aorist middle participle, nominative masculine singular - becoming/having become", "*Mōsēs*": "nominative masculine singular - Moses", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*etolma*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was daring/venturing", "*katanoēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to observe closely/consider" }, "variants": { "*paterōn*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*Entromos*": "trembling/terrified/quaking", "*genomenos*": "becoming/having become/coming to be", "*etolma*": "was daring/venturing/had courage", "*katanoēsai*": "to observe closely/consider/examine" } } 33 { "verseID": "Acts.7.33", "source": "Εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ ὁ Κύριος, Λῦσον τὸ ὑπόδημα τῶν ποδῶν σου: ὁ γὰρ τόπος ἐν ᾧ ἕστηκας γῆ ἁγία ἐστίν.", "text": "*Eipen* *de* to him the *Kyrios*, *Lyson* the *hypodēma* of the *podōn* of you: the *gar* *topos* *en* *hō* *hestēkas* *gē* *hagia* *estin*.", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - said", "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/now", "*Kyrios*": "nominative masculine singular - Lord", "*Lyson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular - loose/remove", "*hypodēma*": "accusative neuter singular - sandal/footwear", "*podōn*": "genitive masculine plural - feet", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*topos*": "nominative masculine singular - place", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*hō*": "relative pronoun, dative masculine singular - which", "*hestēkas*": "perfect active indicative, 2nd person singular - you stand/have stood", "*gē*": "nominative feminine singular - land/ground", "*hagia*": "nominative feminine singular - holy", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is" }, "variants": { "*Eipen*": "said/spoke/told", "*Lyson*": "loose/remove/untie", "*hypodēma*": "sandal/footwear/shoe", "*topos*": "place/location/spot", "*hestēkas*": "you stand/have stood/are standing", "*gē*": "land/ground/earth", "*hagia*": "holy/sacred/set apart" } } 34 { "verseID": "Acts.7.34", "source": "Ἰδὼν, εἶδον τὴν κάκωσιν τοῦ λαοῦ μου τοῦ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ, καὶ τοῦ στεναγμοῦ αὐτῶν ἤκουσα, καὶ κατέβην ἐξελέσθαι αὐτούς. Καὶ νῦν δεῦρο, ἀποστελῶ σε εἰς Αἴγυπτον.", "text": "*Idōn*, *eidon* the *kakōsin* of the *laou* of me, the *en* *Aigyptō*, *kai* of the *stenagmou* of them *ēkousa*, *kai* *katebēn* *exelesthai* them. *Kai* *nyn* *deuro*, *apostelō* you *eis* *Aigypton*.", "grammar": { "*Idōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - seeing", "*eidon*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - I saw", "*kakōsin*": "accusative feminine singular - affliction/ill-treatment", "*laou*": "genitive masculine singular - people", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*Aigyptō*": "dative feminine singular - Egypt", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*stenagmou*": "genitive masculine singular - groaning", "*ēkousa*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - I heard", "*katebēn*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - I came down", "*exelesthai*": "aorist middle infinitive - to deliver/rescue", "*nyn*": "adverb - now", "*deuro*": "adverb/imperative - come", "*apostelō*": "future active indicative, 1st person singular - I will send", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - to/into" }, "variants": { "*Idōn*": "seeing/having seen (emphatic form with following verb)", "*eidon*": "I saw/observed/perceived", "*kakōsin*": "affliction/ill-treatment/oppression", "*laou*": "people/nation/folk", "*stenagmou*": "groaning/sighing/moaning", "*ēkousa*": "I heard/listened to", "*katebēn*": "I came down/descended", "*exelesthai*": "to deliver/rescue/take out", "*deuro*": "come/come here/come now", "*apostelō*": "I will send/dispatch/commission" } } 35 { "verseID": "Acts.7.35", "source": "Τοῦτον τὸν Μωϋσῆν ὃν ἠρνήσαντο, εἰπόντες, Τίς σε κατέστησεν ἄρχοντα καὶ δικαστήν; τοῦτον ὁ Θεὸς ἄρχοντα καὶ λυτρωτὴν ἀπέστειλεν ἐν χειρὶ ἀγγέλου τοῦ ὀφθέντος αὐτῷ ἐν τῇ βάτῳ.", "text": "This the *Mōysēn* whom *ērnēsanto*, *eipontes*, *Tis* you *katestēsen* *archonta* *kai* *dikastēn*? this one the *Theos* *archonta* *kai* *lytrōtēn* *apesteilen* *en* *cheiri* *angelou* of the *ophthentos* to him *en* the *batō*.", "grammar": { "*Mōysēn*": "accusative masculine singular - Moses", "*ērnēsanto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person plural - they denied/refused/rejected", "*eipontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - saying", "*Tis*": "interrogative pronoun, nominative - who", "*katestēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - appointed/made", "*archonta*": "accusative masculine singular - ruler/leader", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*dikastēn*": "accusative masculine singular - judge", "*Theos*": "nominative masculine singular - God", "*lytrōtēn*": "accusative masculine singular - redeemer/deliverer", "*apesteilen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - sent", "*en*": "preposition + dative - by/with", "*cheiri*": "dative feminine singular - hand", "*angelou*": "genitive masculine singular - angel/messenger", "*ophthentos*": "aorist passive participle, genitive masculine singular - having appeared", "*batō*": "dative feminine singular - bush" }, "variants": { "*ērnēsanto*": "they denied/refused/rejected", "*katestēsen*": "appointed/made/established", "*archonta*": "ruler/leader/chief", "*dikastēn*": "judge/arbiter", "*lytrōtēn*": "redeemer/deliverer/liberator", "*apesteilen*": "sent/dispatched/commissioned", "*cheiri*": "hand/power/agency", "*ophthentos*": "having appeared/been seen/shown himself" } } 36 { "verseID": "Acts.7.36", "source": "Οὗτος ἐξήγαγεν αὐτούς, ποιήσας τέρατα καὶ σημεῖα ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτου, καὶ ἐν Ἐρυθρᾷ θαλάσσῃ, καὶ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ἔτη τεσσαράκοντα.", "text": "This one *exēgagen* them, *poiēsas* *terata* *kai* *sēmeia* *en* *gē* *Aigyptou*, *kai* *en* *Erythra* *thalassē*, *kai* *en* the *erēmō* *etē* *tessarakonta*.", "grammar": { "*exēgagen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - led out/brought out", "*poiēsas*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having done/performed", "*terata*": "accusative neuter plural - wonders/marvels", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*sēmeia*": "accusative neuter plural - signs", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*gē*": "dative feminine singular - land", "*Aigyptou*": "genitive feminine singular - of Egypt", "*Erythra*": "dative feminine singular - Red", "*thalassē*": "dative feminine singular - sea", "*erēmō*": "dative feminine singular - wilderness/desert", "*etē*": "accusative neuter plural - years", "*tessarakonta*": "numeral - forty" }, "variants": { "*exēgagen*": "led out/brought out/caused to depart", "*poiēsas*": "having done/performed/accomplished", "*terata*": "wonders/marvels/portents", "*sēmeia*": "signs/miracles/tokens", "*gē*": "land/earth/territory", "*erēmō*": "wilderness/desert/desolate place" } } 37 { "verseID": "Acts.7.37", "source": "¶Οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ Μωϋσῆς, ὁ εἰπὼν τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰσραήλ, Προφήτην ὑμῖν ἀναστήσει Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ὑμῶν ἐκ τῶν ἀδελφῶν ὑμῶν, ὡς ἐμέ· αὐτοῦ ἀκούσεσθε.", "text": "This *estin* the *Mōysēs*, the *eipōn* to the *hyiois* *Israēl*, *Prophētēn* to you *anastēsei* *Kyrios* the *Theos* of you *ek* the *adelphōn* of you, *hōs* me; him *akousesthe*.", "grammar": { "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*Mōysēs*": "nominative masculine singular - Moses", "*eipōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having said", "*hyiois*": "dative masculine plural - sons", "*Israēl*": "genitive - Israel", "*Prophētēn*": "accusative masculine singular - prophet", "*anastēsei*": "future active indicative, 3rd person singular - will raise up", "*Kyrios*": "nominative masculine singular - Lord", "*Theos*": "nominative masculine singular - God", "*ek*": "preposition + genitive - from/out of", "*adelphōn*": "genitive masculine plural - brothers", "*hōs*": "comparative particle - like/as", "*akousesthe*": "future middle indicative, 2nd person plural - you will hear/listen to" }, "variants": { "*eipōn*": "having said/spoken/told", "*Prophētēn*": "prophet/one who speaks for God", "*anastēsei*": "will raise up/cause to appear", "*adelphōn*": "brothers/kinsmen/fellow Israelites", "*akousesthe*": "you will hear/listen to/heed" } } 38 { "verseID": "Acts.7.38", "source": "Οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ γενόμενος ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, μετὰ τοῦ ἀγγέλου τοῦ λαλοῦντος αὐτῷ ἐν τῷ ὄρει Σινᾶ, καὶ τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν: ὃς ἐδέξατο λόγια ζῶντα δοῦναι ἡμῖν:", "text": "This *estin* the *genomenos* *en* the *ekklēsia* *en* the *erēmō*, *meta* the *angelou* the *lalountos* to him *en* the *orei* *Sina*, *kai* of the *paterōn* of us: who *edexato* *logia* *zōnta* *dounai* to us:", "grammar": { "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*genomenos*": "aorist middle participle, nominative masculine singular - having been", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*ekklēsia*": "dative feminine singular - assembly/congregation", "*erēmō*": "dative feminine singular - wilderness/desert", "*meta*": "preposition + genitive - with", "*angelou*": "genitive masculine singular - angel/messenger", "*lalountos*": "present active participle, genitive masculine singular - speaking", "*orei*": "dative neuter singular - mountain", "*Sina*": "genitive - Sinai", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*paterōn*": "genitive masculine plural - fathers/ancestors", "*edexato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - received", "*logia*": "accusative neuter plural - oracles/sayings", "*zōnta*": "present active participle, accusative neuter plural - living", "*dounai*": "aorist active infinitive - to give" }, "variants": { "*genomenos*": "having been/come to be/was", "*ekklēsia*": "assembly/congregation/gathering", "*erēmō*": "wilderness/desert/desolate place", "*angelou*": "angel/messenger", "*lalountos*": "speaking/talking/addressing", "*orei*": "mountain/mount", "*paterōn*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*edexato*": "received/accepted/took", "*logia*": "oracles/sayings/divine utterances", "*zōnta*": "living/alive/active" } } 39 { "verseID": "Acts.7.39", "source": "ᾯ οὐκ ἠθέλησαν ὑπήκοοι γενέσθαι οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν, ἀλλʼ ἀπώσαντο, καὶ ἐστράφησαν ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν εἰς Αἴγυπτον,", "text": "To whom *ouk* *ēthelēsan* *hypēkooi* *genesthai* the *pateres* of us, *all'* *apōsanto*, *kai* *estraphēsan* the *kardiais* of them *eis* *Aigypton*,", "grammar": { "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*ēthelēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they wished/wanted", "*hypēkooi*": "nominative masculine plural - obedient", "*genesthai*": "aorist middle infinitive - to become", "*pateres*": "nominative masculine plural - fathers", "*all'*": "contrastive conjunction - but", "*apōsanto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person plural - they pushed away/rejected", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*estraphēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they turned/were turned", "*kardiais*": "dative feminine plural - hearts", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward" }, "variants": { "*ēthelēsan*": "they wished/wanted/were willing", "*hypēkooi*": "obedient/submissive/compliant", "*genesthai*": "to become/be", "*pateres*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*apōsanto*": "they pushed away/rejected/thrust away", "*estraphēsan*": "they turned/were turned/returned", "*kardiais*": "hearts/minds/inner beings" } } 40 { "verseID": "Acts.7.40", "source": "Εἰπόντες τῷ Ἀαρών, Ποίησον ἡμῖν θεοὺς οἳ προπορεύσονται ἡμῶν: ὁ γὰρ Μωσῆς οὗτος, ὃς ἐξήγαγεν ἡμᾶς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου, οὐκ οἴδαμεν τί γέγονεν αὐτῷ.", "text": "*Eipontes* to the *Aarōn*, *Poiēson* to us *theous* who *proporeusontai* of us: the *gar* *Mōsēs* this, who *exēgagen* us *ek* *gēs* *Aigyptou*, *ouk* *oidamen* *ti* *gegonen* to him.", "grammar": { "*Eipontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - saying/having said", "*Aarōn*": "dative - Aaron", "*Poiēson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular - make", "*theous*": "accusative masculine plural - gods", "*proporeusontai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person plural - will go before", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*Mōsēs*": "nominative masculine singular - Moses", "*exēgagen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - led out", "*ek*": "preposition + genitive - from/out of", "*gēs*": "genitive feminine singular - land", "*Aigyptou*": "genitive feminine singular - of Egypt", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*oidamen*": "perfect active indicative, 1st person plural - we know", "*ti*": "interrogative pronoun, nominative neuter singular - what", "*gegonen*": "perfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - has happened" }, "variants": { "*Eipontes*": "saying/having said/telling", "*Poiēson*": "make/create/fashion", "*theous*": "gods/deities", "*proporeusontai*": "will go before/lead/precede", "*exēgagen*": "led out/brought out/caused to depart", "*gēs*": "land/earth/territory", "*oidamen*": "we know/understand/are aware", "*gegonen*": "has happened/become/occurred" } } 41 { "verseID": "Acts.7.41", "source": "Καὶ ἐμοσχοποίησαν ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις, καὶ ἀνήγαγον θυσίαν τῷ εἰδώλῳ, καὶ εὐφραίνοντο ἐν τοῖς ἔργοις τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν.", "text": "And they *emoschopoiēsan* in the *hēmerais* those, and *anēgagon* *thysian* to-the *eidōlō*, and *euphrainonto* in the *ergois* of-the *cheirōn* of-them.", "grammar": { "*emoschopoiēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - made a calf", "*hēmerais*": "dative, feminine, plural - days", "*anēgagon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - brought up/offered up", "*thysian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sacrifice", "*eidōlō*": "dative, neuter, singular - idol", "*euphrainonto*": "imperfect middle/passive indicative, 3rd plural - were rejoicing", "*ergois*": "dative, neuter, plural - works", "*cheirōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - hands" }, "variants": { "*emoschopoiēsan*": "made a calf-idol/fashioned a young bull", "*anēgagon*": "brought up/offered up/led up", "*thysian*": "sacrifice/offering", "*eidōlō*": "idol/image", "*euphrainonto*": "rejoiced/celebrated/made merry" } } 42 { "verseID": "Acts.7.42", "source": "Ἔστρεψεν δὲ ὁ Θεός, καὶ παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς λατρεύειν τῇ στρατιᾷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ· καθὼς γέγραπται ἐν βίβλῳ τῶν προφητῶν, Μὴ σφάγια καὶ θυσίας προσηνέγκατέ μοι ἔτη τεσσαράκοντα ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ; Οἶκος Ἰσραήλ,", "text": "*Estrepsen* *de* the *Theos*, and *paredōken* them to-*latreuein* to-the *stratia* of-the *ouranou*; *kathōs* it-has-been-*gegraptai* in *biblō* of-the *prophētōn*, Not *sphagia* and *thysias* did-you-*prosēnegkate* to-me *etē* forty in the *erēmō*? *Oikos* *Israēl*,", "grammar": { "*Estrepsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - turned", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*paredōken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - handed over/delivered", "*latreuein*": "present active infinitive - to serve/worship", "*stratia*": "dative, feminine, singular - host/army", "*ouranou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - heaven/sky", "*kathōs*": "adverb - according as/just as", "*gegraptai*": "perfect passive indicative, 3rd singular - has been written", "*biblō*": "dative, feminine, singular - book/scroll", "*prophētōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - prophets", "*sphagia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - slain beasts/victims for sacrifice", "*thysias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - sacrifices/offerings", "*prosēnegkate*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd plural - did you offer/bring", "*etē*": "accusative, neuter, plural - years", "*erēmō*": "dative, feminine, singular - wilderness/desert", "*Oikos*": "vocative, masculine, singular - house/household", "*Israēl*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Israel" }, "variants": { "*Estrepsen*": "turned/turned away/turned against", "*paredōken*": "handed over/gave up/abandoned", "*latreuein*": "to serve/worship/offer religious service", "*stratia*": "host/army/heavenly bodies", "*sphagia*": "slain beasts/sacrificial victims", "*Oikos*": "house/household/family/lineage" } } 43 { "verseID": "Acts.7.43", "source": "Καὶ, ἀνελάβετε τὴν σκηνὴν τοῦ Μολόχ, καὶ τὸ ἄστρον τοῦ θεοῦ ὑμῶν Ῥεμφάν, τοὺς τύπους οὓς ἐποιήσατε προσκυνεῖν αὐτοῖς: καὶ μετοικιῶ ὑμᾶς ἐπέκεινα Βαβυλῶνος.", "text": "And, you-*anelabete* the *skēnēn* of-the *Moloch*, and the *astron* of-the *theou* of-you *Rhemphan*, the *typous* which you-*epoiēsate* to-*proskynein* to-them: and I-will-*metoikiō* you *epekeina* of-*Babylōnos*.", "grammar": { "*anelabete*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd plural - took up/carried", "*skēnēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - tent/tabernacle", "*Moloch*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Moloch (name)", "*astron*": "accusative, neuter, singular - star", "*theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - god", "*Rhemphan*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Remphan (name)", "*typous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - images/figures/patterns", "*epoiēsate*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd plural - made/created", "*proskynein*": "present active infinitive - to worship/bow down to", "*metoikiō*": "future active indicative, 1st singular - will remove/deport/relocate", "*epekeina*": "adverb - beyond", "*Babylōnos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*anelabete*": "took up/carried/accepted", "*skēnēn*": "tent/tabernacle/shrine", "*astron*": "star/constellation/heavenly body", "*typous*": "figures/images/patterns/forms", "*proskynein*": "to worship/bow down to/pay homage", "*metoikiō*": "will relocate/deport/exile", "*epekeina*": "beyond/further than" } } 44 { "verseID": "Acts.7.44", "source": "Ἡ σκηνὴ τοῦ μαρτυρίου ἦν τοῖς πατράσιν ἡμῶν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, καθὼς διετάξατο, λαλῶν τῷ Μωσῇ, ποιῆσαι αὐτὴν κατὰ τὸν τύπον ὃν ἑωράκει.", "text": "The *skēnē* of-the *martyriou* *ēn* with-the *patrasin* of-us in the *erēmō*, *kathōs* he-*dietaxato*, *lalōn* to-the *Mōsē*, to-*poiēsai* it according-to the *typon* which he-had-*heōrakei*.", "grammar": { "*skēnē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - tent/tabernacle", "*martyriou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - testimony/witness", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was", "*patrasin*": "dative, masculine, plural - fathers/ancestors", "*erēmō*": "dative, feminine, singular - wilderness/desert", "*kathōs*": "adverb - just as/according as", "*dietaxato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular - commanded/ordered/arranged", "*lalōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - speaking", "*Mōsē*": "dative, masculine, singular - Moses", "*poiēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to make/create", "*typon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - pattern/model/form", "*heōrakei*": "pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - had seen" }, "variants": { "*skēnē*": "tent/tabernacle/dwelling", "*martyriou*": "testimony/witness/evidence", "*patrasin*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*dietaxato*": "commanded/ordered/instructed/arranged", "*typon*": "pattern/model/form/example" } } 45 { "verseID": "Acts.7.45", "source": "Ἣν καὶ εἰσήγαγον διαδεξάμενοι οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν μετὰ Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῇ κατασχέσει τῶν Ἐθνῶν, ὧν ἐξῶσεν ὁ Θεὸς ἀπὸ προσώπου τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν, ἕως τῶν ἡμερῶν Δαυίδ·", "text": "Which also *eisēgagon* having-*diadexamenoi* the *pateres* of-us with *Iēsou* in the *kataschései* of-the *Ethnōn*, whom *exōsen* the *Theos* from *prosōpou* of-the *paterōn* of-us, until the *hēmerōn* of-*Dauid*;", "grammar": { "*eisēgagon*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - brought in", "*diadexamenoi*": "aorist middle participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having received in succession", "*pateres*": "nominative, masculine, plural - fathers/ancestors", "*Iēsou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Joshua (not Jesus in this context)", "*kataschései*": "dative, feminine, singular - taking possession/occupation", "*Ethnōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - nations/gentiles", "*exōsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - drove out/expelled", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*prosōpou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - face/presence", "*paterōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - fathers/ancestors", "*hēmerōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - days", "*Dauid*": "genitive, masculine, singular - David" }, "variants": { "*eisēgagon*": "brought in/led in/introduced", "*diadexamenoi*": "having received in succession/having taken over from", "*kataschései*": "taking possession/occupation/conquest", "*Ethnōn*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*exōsen*": "drove out/expelled/thrust out", "*prosōpou*": "face/presence/person" } } 46 { "verseID": "Acts.7.46", "source": "Ὃς εὗρεν χάριν ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ ᾐτήσατο εὑρεῖν σκήνωμα τῷ Θεῷ Ἰακώβ.", "text": "Who *heuren* *charin* *enōpion* of-the *Theou*, and *ētēsato* to-*heurein* *skēnōma* for-the *Theō* of-*Iakōb*.", "grammar": { "*heuren*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - found", "*charin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - favor/grace", "*enōpion*": "preposition + genitive - before/in sight of", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*ētēsato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular - asked/requested", "*heurein*": "aorist active infinitive - to find", "*skēnōma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - dwelling place/habitation", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - God", "*Iakōb*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Jacob" }, "variants": { "*heuren*": "found/discovered/obtained", "*charin*": "favor/grace/kindness", "*enōpion*": "before/in sight of/in the presence of", "*ētēsato*": "asked/requested/sought", "*heurein*": "to find/discover/obtain", "*skēnōma*": "dwelling place/habitation/tabernacle" } } 47 { "verseID": "Acts.7.47", "source": "Σολομῶν δὲ ὠκοδόμησεν αὐτῷ οἶκον.", "text": "*Solomōn* *de* *ōkodomēsen* for-him *oikon*.", "grammar": { "*Solomōn*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Solomon", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*ōkodomēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - built", "*oikon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - house/temple" }, "variants": { "*ōkodomēsen*": "built/constructed/erected", "*oikon*": "house/temple/dwelling" } } 48 { "verseID": "Acts.7.48", "source": "Ἀλλʼ οὐχ ὁ Ὕψιστος ἐν χειροποιήτοις ναοῖς κατοικεῖ· καθὼς ὁ προφήτης λέγει,", "text": "But not the *Hypsistos* in *cheiropoiētois* *naois* *katoikei*; *kathōs* the *prophētēs* *legei*,", "grammar": { "*Hypsistos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Most High", "*cheiropoiētois*": "dative, masculine, plural - made with hands", "*naois*": "dative, masculine, plural - temples/shrines", "*katoikei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - dwells/inhabits", "*kathōs*": "adverb - just as/according as", "*prophētēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - prophet", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - says/speaks" }, "variants": { "*Hypsistos*": "Most High/Highest One", "*cheiropoiētois*": "made with hands/man-made", "*naois*": "temples/shrines/sanctuaries", "*katoikei*": "dwells/inhabits/resides" } } 49 { "verseID": "Acts.7.49", "source": "Ὁ οὐρανός μοι θρόνος, ἡ δὲ γῆ ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν μου: ποῖον οἶκον οἰκοδομήσετέ μοι; λέγει Κύριος: ἢ τίς τόπος τῆς καταπαύσεώς μου;", "text": "The *ouranos* to-me *thronos*, the *de* *gē* *hypopodion* of-the *podōn* of-me: what-kind-of *oikon* will-you-*oikodomēsete* for-me? *legei* *Kyrios*: or what *topos* of-the *katapauseōs* of-me?", "grammar": { "*ouranos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - heaven/sky", "*thronos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - throne", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*gē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*hypopodion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - footstool", "*podōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - feet", "*oikon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - house/temple", "*oikodomēsete*": "future active indicative, 2nd plural - you will build", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - says/speaks", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*topos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - place/location", "*katapauseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - rest/repose" }, "variants": { "*ouranos*": "heaven/sky/firmament", "*thronos*": "throne/seat of power", "*gē*": "earth/land/ground", "*hypopodion*": "footstool/support for feet", "*oikodomēsete*": "will build/will construct", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/Master", "*topos*": "place/location/spot", "*katapauseōs*": "rest/repose/cessation" } } 50 { "verseID": "Acts.7.50", "source": "Οὐχὶ ἡ χείρ μου ἐποίησεν ταῦτα πάντα;", "text": "Not the *cheir* of-me *epoiēsen* these *panta*?", "grammar": { "*cheir*": "nominative, feminine, singular - hand", "*epoiēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - made/created", "*panta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - all things" }, "variants": { "*cheir*": "hand/power/agency", "*epoiēsen*": "made/created/produced", "*panta*": "all things/everything" } } 51 { "verseID": "Acts.7.51", "source": "¶Σκληροτράχηλοι καὶ ἀπερίτμητοι τῇ καρδίᾳ καὶ τοῖς ὠσίν, ὑμεῖς ἀεὶ τῷ Πνεύματι τῷ Ἁγίῳ ἀντιπίπτετε: ὡς οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν, καὶ ὑμεῖς.", "text": "*Sklērotrachēloi* and *aperitmētoi* in-the *kardia* and in-the *ōsin*, you *aei* to-the *Pneumati* to-the *Hagiō* *antipiptete*: as the *pateres* of-you, also you.", "grammar": { "*Sklērotrachēloi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - stiff-necked ones", "*aperitmētoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - uncircumcised", "*kardia*": "dative, feminine, singular - heart", "*ōsin*": "dative, neuter, plural - ears", "*aei*": "adverb - always/continually", "*Pneumati*": "dative, neuter, singular - Spirit", "*Hagiō*": "dative, neuter, singular - Holy", "*antipiptete*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - resist/oppose", "*pateres*": "nominative, masculine, plural - fathers/ancestors" }, "variants": { "*Sklērotrachēloi*": "stiff-necked/stubborn/obstinate", "*aperitmētoi*": "uncircumcised/unclean/unreceptive", "*kardia*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*aei*": "always/continually/perpetually", "*Pneumati*": "Spirit/breath/wind", "*antipiptete*": "resist/oppose/fight against" } } 52 { "verseID": "Acts.7.52", "source": "Τίνα τῶν προφητῶν οὐκ ἐδίωξαν οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν; καὶ ἀπέκτειναν τοὺς προκαταγγείλαντας περὶ τῆς ἐλεύσεως τοῦ Δικαίου· οὗ νῦν ὑμεῖς προδόται καὶ φονεῖς γεγένησθε:", "text": "Which of-the *prophētōn* not *ediōxan* the *pateres* of-you? and *apekteinan* the ones-having-*prokataggeilantas* concerning the *eleuseōs* of-the *Dikaiou*; of-whom now you *prodotai* and *phoneis* have-*gegenēsthe*:", "grammar": { "*prophētōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - prophets", "*ediōxan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - persecuted", "*pateres*": "nominative, masculine, plural - fathers/ancestors", "*apekteinan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - killed", "*prokataggeilantas*": "aorist active participle, accusative, masculine, plural - having announced beforehand", "*eleuseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - coming/arrival", "*Dikaiou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Righteous One", "*prodotai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - betrayers", "*phoneis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - murderers", "*gegenēsthe*": "perfect middle/passive indicative, 2nd plural - have become" }, "variants": { "*ediōxan*": "persecuted/pursued/chased", "*apekteinan*": "killed/murdered/put to death", "*prokataggeilantas*": "announced beforehand/foretold/predicted", "*eleuseōs*": "coming/arrival/advent", "*Dikaiou*": "Righteous One/Just One", "*prodotai*": "betrayers/traitors", "*phoneis*": "murderers/killers", "*gegenēsthe*": "have become/have turned into" } } 53 { "verseID": "Acts.7.53", "source": "Οἵτινες ἐλάβετε τὸν νόμον εἰς διαταγὰς ἀγγέλων, καὶ οὐκ ἐφυλάξατε.", "text": "Who *elabete* the *nomon* unto *diatagas* of-*angelōn*, and not *ephylaxate*.", "grammar": { "*elabete*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd plural - received", "*nomon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - law", "*diatagas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - ordinances/arrangements", "*angelōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - angels/messengers", "*ephylaxate*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd plural - kept/guarded" }, "variants": { "*elabete*": "received/obtained/took", "*nomon*": "law/code/ordinance", "*diatagas*": "ordinances/arrangements/directions", "*angelōn*": "angels/messengers", "*ephylaxate*": "kept/guarded/observed" } } 2 { "verseID": "Acts.7.2", "source": "Ὁ δὲ ἔφη, Ἄνδρες, ἀδελφοὶ, καὶ πατέρες, ἀκούσατε· Ὁ Θεὸς τῆς δόξης ὤφθη τῷ πατρὶ ἡμῶν Ἀβραὰμ, ὄντι ἐν τῇ Μεσοποταμίᾳ, πρὶν ἢ κατοικῆσαι αὐτὸν ἐν Χαρράν,", "text": "He *de ephe*, *Andres, adelphoi, kai pateres, akousate*; The *Theos tes doxes ōphthē tō patri hēmōn Abraam, onti en tē Mesopotamia, prin ē katoikēsai auton en Charran*,", "grammar": { "*ephe*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was saying/said", "*Andres*": "vocative masculine plural - men", "*adelphoi*": "vocative masculine plural - brothers", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*pateres*": "vocative masculine plural - fathers", "*akousate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person plural - hear/listen", "*Theos*": "nominative masculine singular - God", "*tes doxes*": "genitive feminine singular - of the glory", "*ōphthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was seen/appeared", "*tō patri*": "dative masculine singular - to the father", "*hēmōn*": "genitive plural personal pronoun - of us/our", "*onti*": "present active participle, dative masculine singular - being", "*en*": "preposition - in", "*tē Mesopotamia*": "dative feminine singular - the Mesopotamia", "*prin*": "conjunction - before", "*ē*": "particle - than/or", "*katoikēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to dwell/settle", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular pronoun - him", "*en Charran*": "in Haran" }, "variants": { "*ephe*": "said/was saying/declared", "*Andres*": "men [formal address]", "*adelphoi*": "brothers/brethren/kinsmen", "*pateres*": "fathers/ancestors/elders", "*akousate*": "listen/hear/pay attention", "*Theos tes doxes*": "God of glory/the glorious God", "*ōphthē*": "appeared/was seen/showed himself", "*onti*": "being/while he was", "*prin ē*": "before/prior to" } } 3 { "verseID": "Acts.7.3", "source": "Καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτόν, Ἔξελθε ἐκ τῆς γῆς σου, καὶ ἐκ τῆς συγγενείας σου, καὶ δεῦρο εἰς γῆν ἣν ἄν σοι δείξω.", "text": "And *eipen pros auton, Exelthe ek tēs gēs sou, kai ek tēs syngeneias sou, kai deuro eis gēn hēn an soi deixō*.", "grammar": { "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - said", "*pros auton*": "preposition + accusative masculine singular pronoun - to him", "*Exelthe*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular - go out/depart", "*ek*": "preposition - from/out of", "*tēs gēs*": "genitive feminine singular - the land", "*sou*": "genitive singular personal pronoun - of you/your", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tēs syngeneias*": "genitive feminine singular - the kindred/relatives", "*deuro*": "adverb/imperative - come here/hither", "*eis*": "preposition - into/unto", "*gēn*": "accusative feminine singular - land", "*hēn*": "accusative feminine singular relative pronoun - which", "*an*": "conditional particle - would/might", "*soi*": "dative singular personal pronoun - to you", "*deixō*": "future active indicative, 1st person singular - I will show" }, "variants": { "*pros*": "to/toward/with", "*Exelthe*": "go out/depart/leave", "*gēs*": "land/earth/ground/territory", "*syngeneias*": "kindred/relatives/family", "*deuro*": "come/come here/come now", "*deixō*": "show/point out/demonstrate" } } 4 { "verseID": "Acts.7.4", "source": "Τότε ἐξελθὼν ἐκ γῆς Χαλδαίων, κατῴκησεν ἐν Χαρράν: κἀκεῖθεν, μετὰ τὸ ἀποθανεῖν τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ, μετῴκισεν αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν γῆν ταύτην, εἰς ἣν ὑμεῖς νῦν κατοικεῖτε.", "text": "*Tote exelthōn ek gēs Chaldaiōn, katōkēsen en Charran: kakeithen, meta to apothanein ton patera autou, metōkisen auton eis tēn gēn tautēn, eis hēn hymeis nyn katoikeite*.", "grammar": { "*Tote*": "adverb - then/at that time", "*exelthōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having gone out", "*ek*": "preposition - from/out of", "*gēs Chaldaiōn*": "genitive feminine singular + genitive plural - land of Chaldeans", "*katōkēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he settled/dwelt", "*en Charran*": "preposition + dative - in Haran", "*kakeithen*": "crasis of *kai* + *ekeithen* - and from there", "*meta*": "preposition - after", "*to apothanein*": "articular infinitive - the dying", "*ton patera autou*": "accusative masculine singular + genitive - his father", "*metōkisen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - removed/resettled", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular pronoun - him", "*eis*": "preposition - into/unto", "*tēn gēn tautēn*": "accusative feminine singular + demonstrative - this land", "*eis hēn*": "into which", "*hymeis*": "nominative plural personal pronoun - you", "*nyn*": "adverb - now", "*katoikeite*": "present active indicative, 2nd person plural - you are dwelling" }, "variants": { "*exelthōn*": "having gone out/departed/left", "*katōkēsen*": "settled/dwelt/lived", "*kakeithen*": "and from there/and then", "*meta to apothanein*": "after the dying/after the death", "*metōkisen*": "removed/resettled/transferred/relocated", "*katoikeite*": "dwell/inhabit/live" } } 5 { "verseID": "Acts.7.5", "source": "Καὶ οὐκ ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ κληρονομίαν ἐν αὐτῇ, οὐδὲ, βῆμα ποδός: καὶ ἐπηγγείλατο δοῦναι αὐτῷ εἰς κατάσχεσιν αὐτήν, καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ μετʼ αὐτόν, οὐκ ὄντος αὐτῷ τέκνου.", "text": "And *ouk edōken autō klēronomian en autē, oude, bēma podos*: and *epēngeilato dounai autō eis kataschesin autēn, kai tō spermati autou met' auton, ouk ontos autō teknou*.", "grammar": { "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*edōken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he gave", "*autō*": "dative masculine singular pronoun - to him", "*klēronomian*": "accusative feminine singular - inheritance", "*en autē*": "preposition + dative feminine singular pronoun - in it", "*oude*": "negative conjunction - not even", "*bēma podos*": "accusative neuter singular + genitive masculine singular - step of foot", "*epēngeilato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he promised", "*dounai*": "aorist active infinitive - to give", "*eis kataschesin*": "preposition + accusative feminine singular - for a possession", "*autēn*": "accusative feminine singular pronoun - it", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tō spermati*": "dative neuter singular - to the seed/offspring", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his", "*met' auton*": "preposition + accusative masculine singular pronoun - after him", "*ouk ontos*": "negative particle + present active participle, genitive neuter singular - not being", "*autō*": "dative masculine singular pronoun - to him", "*teknou*": "genitive neuter singular - of a child" }, "variants": { "*klēronomian*": "inheritance/possession/property", "*bēma podos*": "footstep/foot's breadth/place to set foot", "*epēngeilato*": "promised/pledged/guaranteed", "*kataschesin*": "possession/holding/occupancy", "*spermati*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*teknou*": "child/offspring/descendant" } } 6 { "verseID": "Acts.7.6", "source": "Ἐλάλησεν δὲ οὕτως ὁ Θεός, Ὅτι ἔσται τὸ σπέρμα αὐτοῦ πάροικον ἐν γῇ ἀλλοτρίᾳ· καὶ δουλώσουσιν αὐτὸ, καὶ κακώσουσιν ἔτη τετρακόσια.", "text": "*Elalēsen de houtōs ho Theos, Hoti estai to sperma autou paroikon en gē allotria*; and *doulōsousin auto, kai kakōsousin etē tetrakosia*.", "grammar": { "*Elalēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - spoke", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*houtōs*": "adverb - thus/in this manner", "*ho Theos*": "nominative masculine singular - God", "*Hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*estai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person singular - will be", "*to sperma*": "nominative neuter singular - the seed/offspring", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his", "*paroikon*": "nominative neuter singular - sojourner/resident alien", "*en*": "preposition - in", "*gē allotria*": "dative feminine singular + dative feminine singular adjective - foreign land", "*doulōsousin*": "future active indicative, 3rd person plural - they will enslave", "*auto*": "accusative neuter singular pronoun - it", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*kakōsousin*": "future active indicative, 3rd person plural - they will mistreat", "*etē*": "accusative neuter plural - years", "*tetrakosia*": "accusative neuter plural numeral - four hundred" }, "variants": { "*Elalēsen*": "spoke/said/declared", "*houtōs*": "thus/in this way/as follows", "*sperma*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*paroikon*": "sojourner/resident alien/foreigner/stranger", "*allotria*": "foreign/strange/belonging to another", "*doulōsousin*": "will enslave/will bring into bondage", "*kakōsousin*": "will mistreat/will oppress/will harm" } } 7 { "verseID": "Acts.7.7", "source": "Καὶ τὸ ἔθνος ᾧ ἐὰν δουλεύσωσιν κρινῶ ἐγώ, εἶπεν ὁ Θεός: καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἐξελεύσονται, καὶ λατρεύσουσίν μοι ἐν τῷ τόπῳ τούτῳ.", "text": "And *to ethnos hō ean douleusōsin krinō egō, eipen ho Theos*: and *meta tauta exeleusontai, kai latreusousin moi en tō topō toutō*.", "grammar": { "*to ethnos*": "accusative neuter singular - the nation", "*hō*": "dative neuter singular relative pronoun - to which", "*ean*": "conditional particle - if/whatever", "*douleusōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person plural - they may serve as slaves", "*krinō*": "future active indicative, 1st person singular - I will judge", "*egō*": "nominative singular personal pronoun - I", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - said", "*ho Theos*": "nominative masculine singular - God", "*meta tauta*": "preposition + accusative neuter plural demonstrative - after these things", "*exeleusontai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person plural - they will come out", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*latreusousin*": "future active indicative, 3rd person plural - they will serve/worship", "*moi*": "dative singular personal pronoun - to me", "*en*": "preposition - in", "*tō topō toutō*": "dative masculine singular + dative demonstrative - this place" }, "variants": { "*ethnos*": "nation/people/race", "*douleusōsin*": "they may serve as slaves/they may be in bondage", "*krinō*": "judge/decide/condemn", "*meta tauta*": "after these things/afterward", "*exeleusontai*": "they will come out/they will depart/they will exit", "*latreusousin*": "they will serve/they will worship/they will render religious service", "*topō*": "place/location/region" } } 8 { "verseID": "Acts.7.8", "source": "Καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ διαθήκην περιτομῆς: καὶ οὕτως ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ἰσαάκ, καὶ περιέτεμεν αὐτὸν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ὀγδόῃ· καὶ ὁ Ἰσαὰκ τὸν Ἰακώβ· καὶ ὁ Ἰακὼβ τοὺς δώδεκα πατριάρχας.", "text": "And *edōken autō diathēkēn peritomēs*: and *houtōs egennēsen ton Isaak, kai perietemen auton tē hēmera tē ogdoē*; and *ho Isaak ton Iakōb*; and *ho Iakōb tous dōdeka patriarchas*.", "grammar": { "*edōken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he gave", "*autō*": "dative masculine singular pronoun - to him", "*diathēkēn*": "accusative feminine singular - covenant", "*peritomēs*": "genitive feminine singular - of circumcision", "*houtōs*": "adverb - thus/in this manner", "*egennēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he begat/became father of", "*ton Isaak*": "accusative masculine singular - Isaac", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*perietemen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he circumcised", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular pronoun - him", "*tē hēmera tē ogdoē*": "dative feminine singular + dative feminine singular ordinal - on the eighth day", "*ho Isaak*": "nominative masculine singular - Isaac [begat]", "*ton Iakōb*": "accusative masculine singular - Jacob", "*ho Iakōb*": "nominative masculine singular - Jacob [begat]", "*tous dōdeka patriarchas*": "accusative masculine plural numeral + accusative masculine plural - the twelve patriarchs" }, "variants": { "*diathēkēn*": "covenant/testament/contract", "*peritomēs*": "of circumcision/circumcision covenant", "*egennēsen*": "begat/became father of/fathered", "*perietemen*": "circumcised/performed circumcision on", "*hēmera tē ogdoē*": "eighth day/eighth day after birth", "*patriarchas*": "patriarchs/forefathers/tribal leaders" } } 9 { "verseID": "Acts.7.9", "source": "Καὶ οἱ πατριάρχαι, ζηλώσαντες, τὸν Ἰωσὴφ ἀπέδοντο εἰς Αἴγυπτον: καὶ ἦν ὁ Θεὸς μετʼ αὐτοῦ,", "text": "And *hoi patriarchai, zēlōsantes, ton Iōsēph apedonto eis Aigypton*: and *ēn ho Theos met' autou*,", "grammar": { "*hoi patriarchai*": "nominative masculine plural - the patriarchs", "*zēlōsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural - having been jealous/envious", "*ton Iōsēph*": "accusative masculine singular - Joseph", "*apedonto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person plural - they sold", "*eis Aigypton*": "preposition + accusative feminine singular - into/to Egypt", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was", "*ho Theos*": "nominative masculine singular - God", "*met' autou*": "preposition + genitive masculine singular pronoun - with him" }, "variants": { "*zēlōsantes*": "having been jealous/envious/resentful", "*apedonto*": "sold/gave away/disposed of", "*ēn met' autou*": "was with him/accompanied him/supported him" } } 10 { "verseID": "Acts.7.10", "source": "Καὶ ἐξείλετο αὐτὸν ἐκ πασῶν τῶν θλίψεων αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ χάριν καὶ σοφίαν ἐναντίον Φαραὼ βασιλέως Αἰγύπτου· καὶ κατέστησεν αὐτὸν ἡγούμενον ἐπʼ Αἴγυπτον καὶ ὅλον τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ.", "text": "And *exeileto auton ek pasōn tōn thlipseōn autou, kai edōken autō charin kai sophian enantion Pharaō basileōs Aigyptou*; and *katestēsen auton hēgoumenon ep' Aigypton kai holon ton oikon autou*.", "grammar": { "*exeileto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he delivered/rescued", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular pronoun - him", "*ek*": "preposition - from/out of", "*pasōn tōn thlipseōn*": "genitive feminine plural + genitive feminine plural - all the afflictions", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*edōken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he gave", "*autō*": "dative masculine singular pronoun - to him", "*charin*": "accusative feminine singular - favor/grace", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*sophian*": "accusative feminine singular - wisdom", "*enantion*": "preposition - before/in the presence of", "*Pharaō*": "genitive masculine singular - Pharaoh", "*basileōs*": "genitive masculine singular - king", "*Aigyptou*": "genitive feminine singular - of Egypt", "*katestēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he appointed", "*auton*": "accusative masculine singular pronoun - him", "*hēgoumenon*": "accusative masculine singular present middle participle - ruler/leader", "*ep'*": "preposition - over", "*Aigypton*": "accusative feminine singular - Egypt", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*holon*": "accusative masculine singular adjective - whole", "*ton oikon*": "accusative masculine singular - the house/household", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his" }, "variants": { "*exeileto*": "delivered/rescued/took out", "*thlipseōn*": "afflictions/troubles/distresses", "*charin*": "favor/grace/kindness", "*sophian*": "wisdom/knowledge/understanding", "*enantion*": "before/in the presence of/in the sight of", "*katestēsen*": "appointed/put in charge/established", "*hēgoumenon*": "ruler/leader/governor", "*oikon*": "house/household/family" } } 11 { "verseID": "Acts.7.11", "source": "Ἦλθεν δὲ λιμὸς ἐφʼ ὅλην τὴν γῆν Αἰγύπτου καὶ Χαναάν, καὶ θλίψις μεγάλη: καὶ οὐχ εὕρισκον χορτάσματα οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν.", "text": "*Ēlthen de limos eph' holēn tēn gēn Aigyptou kai Chanaan, kai thlipsis megalē*: and *ouch heuriskon chortasmata hoi pateres hēmōn*.", "grammar": { "*Ēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - came", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*limos*": "nominative masculine singular - famine", "*eph'*": "preposition - upon", "*holēn*": "accusative feminine singular adjective - whole", "*tēn gēn*": "accusative feminine singular - the land", "*Aigyptou*": "genitive feminine singular - of Egypt", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*Chanaan*": "genitive - of Canaan", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*thlipsis megalē*": "nominative feminine singular + nominative feminine singular adjective - great affliction", "*ouch*": "negative particle - not", "*heuriskon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - they were finding", "*chortasmata*": "accusative neuter plural - sustenance/food", "*hoi pateres*": "nominative masculine plural - the fathers", "*hēmōn*": "genitive plural personal pronoun - of us/our" }, "variants": { "*Ēlthen*": "came/occurred/happened", "*limos*": "famine/hunger/scarcity of food", "*holēn*": "whole/entire/all", "*thlipsis megalē*": "great affliction/distress/tribulation", "*heuriskon*": "were finding/were obtaining/were discovering", "*chortasmata*": "sustenance/food/provisions" } } 12 { "verseID": "Acts.7.12", "source": "Ἀκούσας δὲ Ἰακὼβ ὄντα σῖτα ἕν Αἰγύπτῳ, ἐξαπέστειλεν τοὺς πατέρας ἡμῶν πρῶτον.", "text": "*Akousas de Iakōb onta sita en Aigyptō, exapesteilen tous pateras hēmōn prōton*.", "grammar": { "*Akousas*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having heard", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*Iakōb*": "nominative masculine singular - Jacob", "*onta*": "present active participle, accusative neuter plural - being", "*sita*": "accusative neuter plural - grain", "*en Aigyptō*": "preposition + dative feminine singular - in Egypt", "*exapesteilen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he sent out/dispatched", "*tous pateras*": "accusative masculine plural - the fathers", "*hēmōn*": "genitive plural personal pronoun - of us/our", "*prōton*": "adverb - first/at first" }, "variants": { "*Akousas*": "having heard/when he heard/learning", "*onta*": "being/existing/that there was", "*sita*": "grain/corn/food", "*exapesteilen*": "sent out/dispatched/sent away", "*prōton*": "first/at first/the first time" } } 13 { "verseID": "Acts.7.13", "source": "Καὶ ἐν τῷ δευτέρῳ ἀνεγνωρίσθη Ἰωσὴφ τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς αὐτοῦ· καὶ φανερὸν ἐγένετο τῷ Φαραὼ τὸ γένος τοῦ Ἰωσήφ.", "text": "And *en tō deuterō anegnōristhē Iōsēph tois adelphois autou*; and *phaneron egeneto tō Pharaō to genos tou Iōsēph*.", "grammar": { "*en tō deuterō*": "preposition + dative neuter singular ordinal - in the second [time]", "*anegnōristhē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was made known", "*Iōsēph*": "nominative masculine singular - Joseph", "*tois adelphois*": "dative masculine plural - to the brothers", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*phaneron*": "nominative neuter singular adjective - manifest/evident", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - became", "*tō Pharaō*": "dative masculine singular - to Pharaoh", "*to genos*": "nominative neuter singular - the family/race", "*tou Iōsēph*": "genitive masculine singular - of Joseph" }, "variants": { "*en tō deuterō*": "in the second time/on the second visit", "*anegnōristhē*": "was made known/was recognized/revealed himself", "*adelphois*": "brothers/siblings/kinsmen", "*phaneron egeneto*": "became manifest/became known/was revealed", "*genos*": "family/kindred/race/ancestry" } } 14 { "verseID": "Acts.7.14", "source": "Ἀποστείλας δὲ Ἰωσὴφ, μετεκαλέσατο τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ Ἰακώβ, καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν συγγένειαν αὐτοῦ, ἐν ψυχαῖς ἑβδομήκοντα πέντε.", "text": "*Aposteilas de Iōsēph, metekalesato ton patera autou Iakōb, kai pasan tēn syngeneian autou, en psychais hebdomēkonta pente*.", "grammar": { "*Aposteilas*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having sent", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*Iōsēph*": "nominative masculine singular - Joseph", "*metekalesato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he called for/summoned", "*ton patera*": "accusative masculine singular - the father", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his", "*Iakōb*": "accusative masculine singular - Jacob", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*pasan*": "accusative feminine singular adjective - all", "*tēn syngeneian*": "accusative feminine singular - the kindred/relatives", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his", "*en psychais*": "preposition + dative feminine plural - in souls", "*hebdomēkonta pente*": "numeral - seventy-five" }, "variants": { "*Aposteilas*": "having sent/when he had sent/sending", "*metekalesato*": "called for/summoned/invited", "*syngeneian*": "kindred/relatives/family", "*en psychais*": "in souls/persons/individuals", "*hebdomēkonta pente*": "seventy-five people" } } 15 { "verseID": "Acts.7.15", "source": "Κατέβη δὲ Ἰακὼβ εἰς Αἴγυπτον, καὶ ἐτελεύτησεν, αὐτὸς, καὶ οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν,", "text": "*Katebē de Iakōb eis Aigypton, kai eteleutēsen, autos, kai hoi pateres hēmōn*,", "grammar": { "*Katebē*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - went down", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*Iakōb*": "nominative masculine singular - Jacob", "*eis Aigypton*": "preposition + accusative feminine singular - to Egypt", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*eteleutēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he died", "*autos*": "nominative masculine singular intensive pronoun - himself", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*hoi pateres*": "nominative masculine plural - the fathers", "*hēmōn*": "genitive plural personal pronoun - of us/our" }, "variants": { "*Katebē*": "went down/descended/traveled", "*eteleutēsen*": "died/passed away/ended life" } } 16 { "verseID": "Acts.7.16", "source": "Καὶ μετετέθησαν εἰς Συχέμ, καὶ ἐτέθησαν ἐν τῷ μνήματι ὅ ὠνήσατο Ἀβραὰμ τιμῆς ἀργυρίου παρὰ τῶν υἱῶν Ἑμμὼρ τοῦ Συχέμ.", "text": "And *metetethēsan eis Sychem, kai etethēsan en tō mnēmati ho ōnēsato Abraam timēs argyriou para tōn huiōn Hemmōr tou Sychem*.", "grammar": { "*metetethēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they were removed/transferred", "*eis Sychem*": "preposition + accusative - to Shechem", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*etethēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they were placed/laid", "*en tō mnēmati*": "preposition + dative neuter singular - in the tomb", "*ho*": "accusative neuter singular relative pronoun - which", "*ōnēsato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he purchased", "*Abraam*": "nominative masculine singular - Abraham", "*timēs*": "genitive feminine singular - for a price", "*argyriou*": "genitive neuter singular - of silver", "*para*": "preposition - from", "*tōn huiōn*": "genitive masculine plural - the sons", "*Hemmōr*": "genitive masculine singular - of Hamor", "*tou Sychem*": "genitive masculine singular - of Shechem" }, "variants": { "*metetethēsan*": "were removed/were transferred/were carried", "*etethēsan*": "were placed/were laid/were buried", "*mnēmati*": "tomb/sepulcher/grave", "*ōnēsato*": "purchased/bought/acquired", "*timēs argyriou*": "for a price of silver/for money", "*para*": "from/by/at the hands of", "*huiōn*": "sons/descendants/children" } } 17 { "verseID": "Acts.7.17", "source": "Καθὼς δὲ ἤγγιζεν ὁ χρόνος τῆς ἐπαγγελίας, ἧς ὤμοσεν ὁ Θεὸς τῷ Ἀβραάμ, ηὔξησεν ὁ λαὸς καὶ ἐπληθύνθη ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ,", "text": "*Kathōs de ēngizen ho chronos tēs epangelias, hēs ōmosen ho Theos tō Abraam, ēuxēsen ho laos kai eplēthynthē en Aigyptō*,", "grammar": { "*Kathōs*": "conjunction - as/when", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*ēngizen*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was drawing near", "*ho chronos*": "nominative masculine singular - the time", "*tēs epangelias*": "genitive feminine singular - of the promise", "*hēs*": "genitive feminine singular relative pronoun - which", "*ōmosen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - swore", "*ho Theos*": "nominative masculine singular - God", "*tō Abraam*": "dative masculine singular - to Abraham", "*ēuxēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - increased", "*ho laos*": "nominative masculine singular - the people", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*eplēthynthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was multiplied", "*en Aigyptō*": "preposition + dative feminine singular - in Egypt" }, "variants": { "*Kathōs*": "as/when/according as", "*ēngizen*": "was drawing near/was approaching/was coming close", "*chronos*": "time/period/season", "*epangelias*": "promise/announcement/pledge", "*ōmosen*": "swore/promised with an oath", "*ēuxēsen*": "increased/grew/became greater", "*laos*": "people/nation/population", "*eplēthynthē*": "was multiplied/increased in number/grew" } } 18 { "verseID": "Acts.7.18", "source": "Ἄχρι οὗ ἀνέστη βασιλεὺς ἕτερος, ὃς οὐκ ᾔδει τὸν Ἰωσήφ.", "text": "*Achri hou anestē basileus heteros, hos ouk ēdei ton Iōsēph*.", "grammar": { "*Achri hou*": "preposition + genitive relative pronoun - until which/until", "*anestē*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - arose", "*basileus*": "nominative masculine singular - king", "*heteros*": "nominative masculine singular adjective - another/different", "*hos*": "nominative masculine singular relative pronoun - who", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*ēdei*": "pluperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - knew/had known", "*ton Iōsēph*": "accusative masculine singular - Joseph" }, "variants": { "*Achri hou*": "until/up to the time when", "*anestē*": "arose/rose up/came to power", "*basileus heteros*": "another king/different king/new king", "*ēdei*": "knew/had known/was acquainted with" } } 19 { "verseID": "Acts.7.19", "source": "Οὗτος κατασοφισάμενος τὸ γένος ἡμῶν, ἐκάκωσεν τοὺς πατέρας ἡμῶν, τοῦ ποιεῖν ἔκθετα τὰ βρέφη αὐτῶν, εἰς τὸ μὴ ζωογονεῖσθαι.", "text": "*Houtos katasophisamenos to genos hēmōn, ekakōsen tous pateras hēmōn, tou poiein ektheta ta brephē autōn, eis to mē zōogoneisthai*.", "grammar": { "*Houtos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular - this one", "*katasophisamenos*": "aorist middle participle, nominative masculine singular - having dealt craftily with", "*to genos*": "accusative neuter singular - the race/family", "*hēmōn*": "genitive plural personal pronoun - of us/our", "*ekakōsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - mistreated", "*tous pateras*": "accusative masculine plural - the fathers", "*hēmōn*": "genitive plural personal pronoun - of us/our", "*tou poiein*": "genitive articular infinitive - of the making/causing", "*ektheta*": "accusative neuter plural adjective - exposed/abandoned", "*ta brephē*": "accusative neuter plural - the infants", "*autōn*": "genitive plural pronoun - of them/their", "*eis to mē zōogoneisthai*": "preposition + articular infinitive with negative - so that they might not be preserved alive" }, "variants": { "*katasophisamenos*": "having dealt craftily with/having outwitted/having deceived", "*ekakōsen*": "mistreated/oppressed/ill-treated", "*tou poiein ektheta*": "to make exposed/to cause to be abandoned", "*brephē*": "infants/babies/young children", "*eis to mē zōogoneisthai*": "so that they might not live/survive/be preserved alive" } } 20 { "verseID": "Acts.7.20", "source": "Ἐν ᾧ καιρῷ ἐγεννήθη Μωσῆς, καὶ ἦν ἀστεῖος τῷ Θεῷ, ὃς ἀνετράφη μῆνας τρεῖς ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ:", "text": "*En hō kairō egennēthē Mōsēs, kai ēn asteios tō Theō, hos anetraphē mēnas treis en tō oikō tou patros autou*:", "grammar": { "*En hō kairō*": "preposition + dative relative pronoun + dative masculine singular - in which time", "*egennēthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was born", "*Mōsēs*": "nominative masculine singular - Moses", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was", "*asteios*": "nominative masculine singular adjective - beautiful/fair", "*tō Theō*": "dative masculine singular - to God/in God's sight", "*hos*": "nominative masculine singular relative pronoun - who", "*anetraphē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was brought up/nourished", "*mēnas treis*": "accusative masculine plural + numeral - three months", "*en tō oikō*": "preposition + dative masculine singular - in the house", "*tou patros*": "genitive masculine singular - of the father", "*autou*": "genitive masculine singular pronoun - of him/his" }, "variants": { "*En hō kairō*": "at which time/during which season", "*egennēthē*": "was born/was brought forth", "*asteios tō Theō*": "beautiful to God/fair in God's sight/divinely beautiful", "*anetraphē*": "was brought up/was nourished/was reared", "*oikō*": "house/home/household" } } 21 { "verseID": "Acts.7.21", "source": "Ἐκτεθέντα δὲ αὐτόν, ἀνείλετο αὐτὸν ἡ θυγάτηρ Φαραώ, καὶ ἀνεθρέψατο αὐτὸν ἑαυτῇ εἰς υἱόν.", "text": "*Ektethenta* *de* him, *aneileto* him the *thygatēr* *Pharaō*, *kai* *anethreppsato* him to herself *eis* *hyion*.", "grammar": { "*Ektethenta*": "aorist passive participle, accusative masculine singular - having been exposed/cast out", "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/now", "*aneileto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - took up/adopted", "*thygatēr*": "nominative feminine singular - daughter", "*Pharaō*": "genitive masculine singular - of Pharaoh", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*anethreppsato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - nourished/brought up", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - for/as", "*hyion*": "accusative masculine singular - son" }, "variants": { "*Ektethenta*": "exposed/cast out/abandoned", "*aneileto*": "took up/adopted/picked up", "*anethreppsato*": "nourished/brought up/raised" } } 22 { "verseID": "Acts.7.22", "source": "Καὶ ἐπαιδεύθη Μωσῆς πάσῃ σοφίᾳ Αἰγυπτίων, ἦν δὲ δυνατὸς ἐν λόγοις καὶ ἐν ἔργοις.", "text": "*Kai* *epaideuthē* *Mōsēs* *pasē* *sophia* *Aigyptiōn*, *ēn* *de* *dynatos* *en* *logois* *kai* *en* *ergois*.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*epaideuthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was instructed/trained", "*Mōsēs*": "nominative masculine singular - Moses", "*pasē*": "dative feminine singular - in all/every", "*sophia*": "dative feminine singular - wisdom", "*Aigyptiōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of Egyptians", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was", "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/moreover", "*dynatos*": "nominative masculine singular - powerful/mighty", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*logois*": "dative masculine plural - words/speech", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*ergois*": "dative neuter plural - works/deeds" }, "variants": { "*epaideuthē*": "was instructed/trained/educated/disciplined", "*sophia*": "wisdom/skill/learning", "*dynatos*": "powerful/mighty/capable/eloquent", "*logois*": "words/speech/matters/accounts", "*ergois*": "works/deeds/actions" } } 23 { "verseID": "Acts.7.23", "source": "Ὡς δὲ ἐπληροῦτο αὐτῷ τεσσαρακονταετὴς χρόνος, ἀνέβη ἐπὶ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ ἐπισκέψασθαι τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοῦ τοὺς υἱοὺς Ἰσραήλ.", "text": "*Hōs* *de* *eplērouto* to him *tessarakontaetēs* *chronos*, *anebē* *epi* the *kardian* of him *episkepsasthai* the *adelphous* of him the *hyious* *Israēl*.", "grammar": { "*Hōs*": "conjunction - when/as", "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/now", "*eplērouto*": "imperfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was being fulfilled/completed", "*tessarakontaetēs*": "nominative masculine singular - forty-year", "*chronos*": "nominative masculine singular - time/period", "*anebē*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - came up/arose", "*epi*": "preposition + accusative - upon/into", "*kardian*": "accusative feminine singular - heart", "*episkepsasthai*": "aorist middle infinitive - to visit/look upon", "*adelphous*": "accusative masculine plural - brothers", "*hyious*": "accusative masculine plural - sons", "*Israēl*": "genitive masculine singular - of Israel" }, "variants": { "*eplērouto*": "was being fulfilled/completed/filled up", "*anebē*": "came up/arose/ascended", "*kardian*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*episkepsasthai*": "to visit/look upon/care for/inspect" } } 24 { "verseID": "Acts.7.24", "source": "Καὶ ἰδών τινα ἀδικούμενον, ἠμύνατο, καὶ ἐποίησεν ἐκδίκησιν τῷ καταπονουμένῳ, πατάξας τὸν Αἰγύπτιον:", "text": "*Kai* *idōn* *tina* *adikoumenon*, *ēmynato*, *kai* *epoiēsen* *ekdikēsin* to the *kataponoumenō*, *pataxas* the *Aigyption*:", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*idōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - seeing/having seen", "*tina*": "accusative masculine singular - someone/a certain one", "*adikoumenon*": "present passive participle, accusative masculine singular - being wronged", "*ēmynato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - defended/avenged", "*epoiēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - made/did", "*ekdikēsin*": "accusative feminine singular - vengeance/justice", "*kataponoumenō*": "present passive participle, dative masculine singular - being oppressed/afflicted", "*pataxas*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - striking/having struck", "*Aigyption*": "accusative masculine singular - Egyptian" }, "variants": { "*idōn*": "seeing/having seen/noticing", "*adikoumenon*": "being wronged/treated unjustly/suffering injustice", "*ēmynato*": "defended/avenged/retaliated", "*ekdikēsin*": "vengeance/justice/vindication", "*kataponoumenō*": "being oppressed/afflicted/worn down", "*pataxas*": "striking/having struck/smiting" } } 25 { "verseID": "Acts.7.25", "source": "Ἐνόμιζεν δὲ συνιέναι τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοῦ ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς διὰ χειρὸς αὐτοῦ δίδωσιν αὐτοῖς σωτηρίαν: οἱ δὲ οὐ συνῆκαν.", "text": "*Enomizen* *de* *synienai* the *adelphous* of him *hoti* the *Theos* *dia* *cheiros* of him *didōsin* to them *sōtērian*: they *de* *ou* *synēkan*.", "grammar": { "*Enomizen*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was thinking/supposing", "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/now", "*synienai*": "present active infinitive - to understand/comprehend", "*adelphous*": "accusative masculine plural - brothers", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*Theos*": "nominative masculine singular - God", "*dia*": "preposition + genitive - through", "*cheiros*": "genitive feminine singular - hand", "*didōsin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is giving/grants", "*sōtērian*": "accusative feminine singular - salvation/deliverance", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*synēkan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - understood/comprehended" }, "variants": { "*Enomizen*": "was thinking/supposing/assuming", "*synienai*": "to understand/comprehend/perceive", "*didōsin*": "is giving/grants/provides", "*sōtērian*": "salvation/deliverance/rescue", "*synēkan*": "understood/comprehended/perceived" } } 26 { "verseID": "Acts.7.26", "source": "Τῇ τε ἐπιούσῃ ἡμέρᾳ ὤφθη αὐτοῖς μαχομένοις, καὶ συνήλασεν αὐτοὺς εἰς εἰρήνην, εἰπών, Ἄνδρες, ἀδελφοί ἐστε ὑμεῖς· ἱνα τί ἀδικεῖτε ἀλλήλους;", "text": "On the *te* *epiousē* *hēmera* *ōphthē* to them *machomenois*, *kai* *synēlasen* them *eis* *eirēnēn*, *eipōn*, *Andres*, *adelphoi* you are *hymeis*; *hina ti* *adikeite* *allēlous*?", "grammar": { "*te*": "conjunction - and/both", "*epiousē*": "present active participle, dative feminine singular - coming/following", "*hēmera*": "dative feminine singular - day", "*ōphthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was seen/appeared", "*machomenois*": "present middle participle, dative masculine plural - fighting/quarreling", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*synēlasen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - drove together/urged", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into/unto", "*eirēnēn*": "accusative feminine singular - peace", "*eipōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - saying/having said", "*Andres*": "vocative masculine plural - men", "*adelphoi*": "nominative masculine plural - brothers", "*hymeis*": "nominative plural - you", "*hina ti*": "interrogative expression - why?", "*adikeite*": "present active indicative, 2nd person plural - you wrong/injure", "*allēlous*": "accusative masculine plural - one another" }, "variants": { "*epiousē*": "coming/following/next", "*ōphthē*": "was seen/appeared/showed himself", "*machomenois*": "fighting/quarreling/striving", "*synēlasen*": "drove together/urged/tried to reconcile", "*eirēnēn*": "peace/harmony/reconciliation", "*eipōn*": "saying/having said/declaring", "*adikeite*": "you wrong/injure/treat unjustly" } } 27 { "verseID": "Acts.7.27", "source": "Ὁ δὲ ἀδικῶν τὸν πλησίον ἀπώσατο αὐτόν, εἰπών, Τίς σε κατέστησεν ἄρχοντα καὶ δικαστὴν ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς;", "text": "The *de* *adikōn* the *plēsion* *apōsato* him, *eipōn*, *Tis* you *katestēsen* *archonta* *kai* *dikastēn* *eph'* us?", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*adikōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - wronging/injuring", "*plēsion*": "accusative masculine singular - neighbor", "*apōsato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - pushed away/rejected", "*eipōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - saying/having said", "*Tis*": "interrogative pronoun, nominative - who?", "*katestēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - appointed/made", "*archonta*": "accusative masculine singular - ruler/leader", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*dikastēn*": "accusative masculine singular - judge", "*eph'*": "preposition + accusative - over" }, "variants": { "*adikōn*": "wronging/injuring/the one doing wrong", "*plēsion*": "neighbor/fellow man", "*apōsato*": "pushed away/rejected/thrust away", "*katestēsen*": "appointed/made/established", "*archonta*": "ruler/leader/chief", "*dikastēn*": "judge/arbiter" } } 28 { "verseID": "Acts.7.28", "source": "Μὴ ἀνελεῖν με σὺ θέλεις, ὃν τρόπον ἀνεῖλες χθὲς τὸν Αἰγύπτιον;", "text": "*Mē* *anelein* me *sy* *theleis*, *hon* *tropon* *aneiles* *chthes* the *Aigyption*?", "grammar": { "*Mē*": "negative particle with question - not?", "*anelein*": "aorist active infinitive - to kill", "*sy*": "nominative singular - you", "*theleis*": "present active indicative, 2nd person singular - you wish/want", "*hon* *tropon*": "accusative masculine singular + accusative masculine singular - in which manner", "*aneiles*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd person singular - you killed", "*chthes*": "adverb - yesterday", "*Aigyption*": "accusative masculine singular - Egyptian" }, "variants": { "*Mē*": "not/lest (introduces a question expecting a negative answer)", "*anelein*": "to kill/slay/do away with", "*theleis*": "you wish/want/desire", "*hon* *tropon*": "in which manner/just as/in the way that", "*aneiles*": "you killed/slew/did away with" } } 29 { "verseID": "Acts.7.29", "source": "Ἔφυγεν δὲ Μωσῆς ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ, καὶ ἐγένετο πάροικος ἐν γῇ Μαδιάμ, οὗ ἐγέννησεν υἱοὺς δύο.", "text": "*Ephygen* *de* *Mōsēs* *en* the *logō* this, *kai* *egeneto* *paroikos* *en* *gē* *Madiam*, *hou* *egennēsen* *hyious* *dyo*.", "grammar": { "*Ephygen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - fled", "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/now", "*Mōsēs*": "nominative masculine singular - Moses", "*en*": "preposition + dative - at/because of", "*logō*": "dative masculine singular - word/saying", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - became", "*paroikos*": "nominative masculine singular - foreigner/sojourner", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*gē*": "dative feminine singular - land", "*Madiam*": "genitive/dative - Midian", "*hou*": "relative adverb - where", "*egennēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - begat/fathered", "*hyious*": "accusative masculine plural - sons", "*dyo*": "numeral - two" }, "variants": { "*Ephygen*": "fled/escaped/ran away", "*logō*": "word/saying/statement/matter", "*egeneto*": "became/came to be/happened to be", "*paroikos*": "foreigner/sojourner/alien resident", "*gē*": "land/earth/territory" } } 30 { "verseID": "Acts.7.30", "source": "Καὶ πληρωθέντων ἐτῶν τεσσαράκοντα, ὤφθη αὐτῷ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ τοῦ ὄρους Σινᾶ ἄγγελος Κυρίου ἐν φλογὶ πυρὸς βάτου.", "text": "*Kai* *plērōthentōn* *etōn* *tessarakonta*, *ōphthē* to him *en* the *erēmō* of the *orous* *Sina* *angelos* *Kyriou* *en* *phlogi* *pyros* *batou*.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*plērōthentōn*": "aorist passive participle, genitive neuter plural - having been fulfilled/completed", "*etōn*": "genitive neuter plural - years", "*tessarakonta*": "numeral - forty", "*ōphthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - appeared/was seen", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*erēmō*": "dative feminine singular - wilderness/desert", "*orous*": "genitive neuter singular - mountain/mount", "*Sina*": "genitive - Sinai", "*angelos*": "nominative masculine singular - angel/messenger", "*Kyriou*": "genitive masculine singular - of the Lord", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*phlogi*": "dative feminine singular - flame", "*pyros*": "genitive neuter singular - of fire", "*batou*": "genitive feminine singular - bush" }, "variants": { "*plērōthentōn*": "having been fulfilled/completed/filled up", "*ōphthē*": "appeared/was seen/showed himself", "*erēmō*": "wilderness/desert/isolated place", "*angelos*": "angel/messenger", "*phlogi*": "flame/blaze", "*batou*": "bush/bramble bush/thornbush" } }
• 1 Pet 2:9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Peter.2.9", "source": "Ὑμεῖς δὲ γένος ἐκλεκτόν, βασίλειον ἱεράτευμα, ἔθνος ἅγιον, λαὸς εἰς περιποίησιν· ὅπως τὰς ἀρετὰς ἐξαγγείλητε τοῦ ἐκ σκότους ὑμᾶς καλέσαντος εἰς τὸ θαυμαστὸν αὐτοῦ φῶς:", "text": "*Hymeis de genos eklekton*, *basileion hierateuma*, *ethnos hagion*, *laos eis peripoiēsin*; *hopōs tas aretas exangeilēte tou ek skotous hymas kalesantos eis to thaumaston autou phōs*:", "grammar": { "*Hymeis*": "pronoun, 2nd person plural nominative - you", "*de*": "particle - but/and", "*genos*": "noun, neuter singular nominative - race/family/kind", "*eklekton*": "adjective, neuter singular nominative - chosen/elect", "*basileion*": "adjective, neuter singular nominative - royal", "*hierateuma*": "noun, neuter singular nominative - priesthood", "*ethnos*": "noun, neuter singular nominative - nation/people", "*hagion*": "adjective, neuter singular nominative - holy", "*laos*": "noun, masculine singular nominative - people", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - for/unto", "*peripoiēsin*": "noun, feminine singular accusative - possession/acquisition", "*hopōs*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*tas aretas*": "noun with article, feminine plural accusative - the virtues/excellencies", "*exangeilēte*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd person plural - you may proclaim/declare", "*tou kalesantos*": "aorist active participle with article, masculine singular genitive - of the one who called", "*ek*": "preposition + genitive - out of/from", "*skotous*": "noun, neuter singular genitive - darkness", "*hymas*": "pronoun, 2nd person plural accusative - you", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into/unto", "*to thaumaston*": "adjective with article, neuter singular accusative - the marvelous/wonderful", "*autou*": "pronoun, masculine singular genitive - his", "*phōs*": "noun, neuter singular accusative - light" }, "variants": { "*genos*": "race/family/kind/generation", "*eklekton*": "chosen/elect/selected", "*basileion*": "royal/kingly", "*hierateuma*": "priesthood/body of priests", "*ethnos*": "nation/people/tribe", "*hagion*": "holy/set apart", "*laos*": "people/nation", "*peripoiēsin*": "possession/acquisition/God's own possession", "*aretas*": "virtues/excellencies/praises", "*exangeilēte*": "may proclaim/declare/publish abroad", "*kalesantos*": "who called/who summoned", "*skotous*": "darkness/obscurity", "*thaumaston*": "marvelous/wonderful/amazing", "*phōs*": "light/illumination" } }
• Deut 7:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.7.19", "source": "הַמַּסֹּ֨ת הַגְּדֹלֹ֜ת אֲשֶׁר־רָא֣וּ עֵינֶ֗יךָ וְהָאֹתֹ֤ת וְהַמֹּֽפְתִים֙ וְהַיָּ֤ד הַחֲזָקָה֙ וְהַזְּרֹ֣עַ הַנְּטוּיָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר הוֹצִֽאֲךָ֖ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ כֵּֽן־יַעֲשֶׂ֞ה יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ לְכָל־הָ֣עַמִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה יָרֵ֖א מִפְּנֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "The *hammassōt* *haggədōlōt* which *rāʾû* your *ʿênêkā*, and the *ʾōtōt* and the *môpətîm*, and the *yād* *haḥăzāqâ* and the *zərôaʿ* *hannəṭûyâ* by which *hôṣîʾăkā* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā*; so *yaʿăśeh* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* to all the *ʿammîm* whom you *yārēʾ* from their faces.", "grammar": { "*hammassōt*": "article + noun feminine plural - the trials/tests", "*haggədōlōt*": "article + adjective feminine plural - the great/large", "*rāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they saw", "*ʿênêkā*": "noun feminine dual construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*ʾōtōt*": "noun masculine plural - signs", "*môpətîm*": "noun masculine plural - wonders/miracles", "*yād*": "noun feminine singular - hand", "*haḥăzāqâ*": "article + adjective feminine singular - the strong/mighty", "*zərôaʿ*": "noun feminine singular - arm", "*hannəṭûyâ*": "article + Qal passive participle feminine singular - the outstretched", "*hôṣîʾăkā*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - he brought you out", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will do", "*ʿammîm*": "noun masculine plural - peoples/nations", "*yārēʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - fearing/afraid" }, "variants": { "*hammassōt*": "trials/tests/temptations", "*haggədōlōt*": "great/large/mighty", "*rāʾû*": "saw/witnessed/beheld", "*ʿênêkā*": "your eyes/your sight", "*ʾōtōt*": "signs/tokens/indications", "*môpətîm*": "wonders/miracles/portents", "*yād*": "hand/power/strength", "*haḥăzāqâ*": "strong/mighty/powerful", "*zərôaʿ*": "arm/strength/power", "*hannəṭûyâ*": "outstretched/extended", "*hôṣîʾăkā*": "brought you out/led you out", "*yaʿăśeh*": "do/perform/act", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/folk", "*yārēʾ*": "fearing/afraid of/in awe of" } }
• Deut 9:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.5", "source": "לֹ֣א בְצִדְקָתְךָ֗ וּבְיֹ֙שֶׁר֙ לְבָ֣בְךָ֔ אַתָּ֥ה בָ֖א לָרֶ֣שֶׁת אֶת־אַרְצָ֑ם כִּ֞י בְּרִשְׁעַ֣ת ׀ הַגּוֹיִ֣ם הָאֵ֗לֶּה יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ מוֹרִישָׁ֣ם מִפָּנֶ֔יךָ וּלְמַ֜עַן הָקִ֣ים אֶת־הַדָּבָ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִשְׁבַּ֤ע יְהוָה֙ לַאֲבֹתֶ֔יךָ לְאַבְרָהָ֥ם לְיִצְחָ֖ק וּֽלְיַעֲקֹֽב׃", "text": "Not in-*ṣidqātĕkā* and-in-*yōšer* *lĕbābĕkā* *ʾattâ* *bāʾ* *lārešet* *ʾet*-*ʾarṣām* for in-*rišʿat* the-*gôyim* the-*ʾēlleh* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* *môrîšām* from-before-you and-for-the-purpose-of *hāqîm* *ʾet*-the-*dābār* which *nišbaʿ* *YHWH* to-*ʾăbōtêkā* to-*ʾAbrāhām* to-*Yiṣḥāq* and-to-*Yaʿăqōb*", "grammar": { "*ṣidqātĕkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your righteousness", "*yōšer*": "noun, masculine singular - uprightness", "*lĕbābĕkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*ʾattâ*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*bāʾ*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - coming/entering", "*lārešet*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to possess", "*ʾarṣām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their land", "*rišʿat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wickedness of", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the nations", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative adjective, plural - these", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*môrîšām*": "verb, hiphil participle masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - driving them out", "*hāqîm*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to establish/confirm", "*dābār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the word/promise", "*nišbaʿ*": "verb, niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he swore", "*ʾăbōtêkā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your fathers", "*ʾAbrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac", "*Yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob" }, "variants": { "*ṣidqātĕkā*": "your righteousness/your justice/your right conduct", "*yōšer*": "uprightness/straightness/honesty", "*lĕbābĕkā*": "your heart/your mind/your inner self", "*bāʾ*": "coming/entering/going", "*lārešet*": "to possess/to inherit/to take possession of", "*rišʿat*": "wickedness of/evil of/sinfulness of", "*môrîšām*": "dispossessing them/driving them out/expelling them", "*hāqîm*": "establish/confirm/fulfill/raise up", "*dābār*": "word/matter/thing/promise" } }
• Deut 10:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.10.22", "source": "בְּשִׁבְעִ֣ים נֶ֔פֶשׁ יָרְד֥וּ אֲבֹתֶ֖יךָ מִצְרָ֑יְמָהּ וְעַתָּ֗ה שָֽׂמְךָ֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ כְּכוֹכְבֵ֥י הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם לָרֹֽב׃", "text": "With *šibʿîm* *nepeš* *yārədû* *ʾăbōtêkā* *Miṣrāyemâ* and now *śāməkā* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* like *kəkôkəbê* the *šāmayim* for *lārōb*", "grammar": { "*šibʿîm*": "cardinal number with prefixed preposition bet - with seventy", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular - person/soul", "*yārədû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - went down", "*ʾăbōtêkā*": "masculine plural with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your fathers", "*Miṣrāyemâ*": "proper name with directional heh - to Egypt", "*śāməkā*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - he has made you", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*kəkôkəbê*": "masculine plural construct with prefixed preposition kaph - like stars of", "*šāmayim*": "masculine dual with definite article - the heavens", "*lārōb*": "masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - for multitude" }, "variants": { "*nepeš*": "person/soul/life", "*yārad*": "go down/descend", "*ʾāb*": "father/ancestor", "*śîm*": "make/put/set", "*kôkāb*": "star/heavenly body", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*rōb*": "multitude/abundance/greatness" } }
• Deut 14:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.14.2", "source": "כִּ֣י עַ֤ם קָדוֹשׁ֙ אַתָּ֔ה לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ וּבְךָ֞ בָּחַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה לִֽהְי֥וֹת לוֹ֙ לְעַ֣ם סְגֻלָּ֔ה מִכֹּל֙ הָֽעַמִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָֽה׃", "text": "For *ʿam* *qādôš* *ʾattâ* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* and-in-you *bāḥar* *YHWH* to-*lihyôt* to-him to-*ʿam* *səgullâ* from-all the-*ʿammîm* which upon-*pənê* the-*ʾădāmâ*", "grammar": { "*ʿam*": "masculine singular noun - people/nation", "*qādôš*": "masculine singular adjective - holy/set apart", "*ʾattâ*": "second person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural noun with second person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*bāḥar*": "qal perfect third person masculine singular - chose/selected", "*lihyôt*": "qal infinitive construct - to be/become", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular noun - people/nation", "*səgullâ*": "feminine singular noun - treasured possession/special property", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun - peoples/nations", "*pənê*": "masculine plural noun construct - face of/surface of", "*ʾădāmâ*": "feminine singular noun - ground/earth/land" }, "variants": { "*qādôš*": "holy/set apart/consecrated", "*bāḥar*": "chose/selected/elected", "*səgullâ*": "treasured possession/special property/valued treasure", "*pənê*": "face of/surface of/before" } }
• 1 Sam 4:8 : 8 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.8", "source": "א֣וֹי לָ֔נוּ מִ֣י יַצִּילֵ֔נוּ מִיַּ֛ד הָאֱלֹהִ֥ים הָאַדִּירִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה אֵ֧לֶּה הֵ֣ם הָאֱלֹהִ֗ים הַמַּכִּ֧ים אֶת־מִצְרַ֛יִם בְּכָל־מַכָּ֖ה בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃", "text": "Woe *'ôy* to-us who *mî* will-deliver-us *yaṣṣîlēnû* from-hand *miyyad* the-*'ĕlōhîm* the-*'addîrîm* the-*'ēlleh* these *'ēlleh* they-[are] the-*'ĕlōhîm* the-*makîm* *'et*-*miṣrayîm* with-all-*makkāh* in-the-*midbār*.", "grammar": { "*'ôy*": "interjection - woe", "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*yaṣṣîlēnû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st common plural suffix - he will deliver us", "*miyyad*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - from hand of", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the God(s)", "*'addîrîm*": "masculine plural adjective with definite article - the mighty", "*'ēlleh*": "common plural demonstrative pronoun with definite article - these", "*'ēlleh*": "common plural demonstrative pronoun - these", "*makîm*": "hiphil participle masculine plural with definite article - the ones striking", "*miṣrayîm*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*makkāh*": "feminine singular noun - plague, blow", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the wilderness" }, "variants": { "*yaṣṣîlēnû*": "will deliver us, will rescue us, will save us", "*'ĕlōhîm* *'addîrîm*": "mighty God(s), powerful deities, mighty divine beings", "*makîm*": "ones striking, ones smiting, ones afflicting", "*makkāh*": "plague, blow, strike, affliction", "*midbār*": "wilderness, desert, uninhabited land" } }
• Neh 9:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.7", "source": "אַתָּה־הוּא֙ יְהוָ֣ה הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר בָּחַ֙רְתָּ֙ בְּאַבְרָ֔ם וְהוֹצֵאת֖וֹ מֵא֣וּר כַּשְׂדִּ֑ים וְשַׂ֥מְתָּ שְּׁמ֖וֹ אַבְרָהָֽם׃", "text": "*ʾattâ*-*hûʾ* *YHWH* the *ʾĕlōhîm* who *bāḥartā* in *ʾAḇrām* and *hôṣēʾtô* from *ʾUr* *Kaśdîm* and *śamtā* *šəmô* *ʾAḇrāhām*.", "grammar": { "*ʾattâ*": "personal pronoun 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun 3rd person masculine singular - he/that", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural - God", "*bāḥartā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you chose", "*ʾAḇrām*": "proper noun - Abram", "*hôṣēʾtô*": "hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - you brought him out", "*ʾUr*": "proper noun - Ur", "*Kaśdîm*": "proper noun - Chaldeans/Chaldees", "*śamtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you set/placed/made", "*šəmô*": "masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham" }, "variants": { "*hûʾ*": "he/that/the same", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*bāḥartā*": "you chose/selected/elected", "*hôṣēʾtô*": "you brought him out/led him out/caused him to come out", "*Kaśdîm*": "Chaldeans/Chaldees/Babylonians", "*śamtā*": "you set/placed/established/made" } } 8 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.8", "source": "וּמָצָ֣אתָ אֶת־לְבָבוֹ֮ נֶאֱמָ֣ן לְפָנֶיךָ֒ וְכָר֨וֹת עִמּ֜וֹ הַבְּרִ֗ית לָתֵ֡ת אֶת־אֶרֶץ֩ הַכְּנַעֲנִ֨י הַחִתִּ֜י הָאֱמֹרִ֧י וְהַפְּרִזִּ֛י וְהַיְבוּסִ֥י וְהַגִּרְגָּשִׁ֖י לָתֵ֣ת לְזַרְע֑וֹ וַתָּ֙קֶם֙ אֶת־דְּבָרֶ֔יךָ כִּ֥י צַדִּ֖יק אָֽתָּה׃", "text": "And *māṣāʾtā* *ʾet*-*ləḇāḇô* *neʾĕmān* before you, and *kārôt* with him the *bərît* to give *ʾet*-*ʾereṣ* the *Kənaʿănî* the *Ḥittî* the *ʾĔmōrî* and the *Pərizzî* and the *Yəḇûsî* and the *Girgāšî* to give to *zarʿô*, and *wattāqem* *ʾet*-*dəḇāreḵā* because *ṣaddîq* *ʾāttâ*.", "grammar": { "*māṣāʾtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you found", "*ləḇāḇô*": "masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*neʾĕmān*": "niphal participle masculine singular - faithful/trustworthy", "*kārôt*": "qal infinitive construct - to cut", "*bərît*": "feminine singular - covenant", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*Kənaʿănî*": "proper noun/gentilic - Canaanite", "*Ḥittî*": "proper noun/gentilic - Hittite", "*ʾĔmōrî*": "proper noun/gentilic - Amorite", "*Pərizzî*": "proper noun/gentilic - Perizzite", "*Yəḇûsî*": "proper noun/gentilic - Jebusite", "*Girgāšî*": "proper noun/gentilic - Girgashite", "*zarʿô*": "masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his seed/offspring", "*wattāqem*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive 2nd person masculine singular - and you established/confirmed", "*dəḇāreḵā*": "masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your words", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective masculine singular - righteous", "*ʾāttâ*": "personal pronoun 2nd person masculine singular - you" }, "variants": { "*māṣāʾtā*": "you found/discovered", "*ləḇāḇô*": "his heart/mind/inner being", "*neʾĕmān*": "faithful/trustworthy/loyal/steadfast", "*kārôt*": "to cut/make (covenant)", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*zarʿô*": "his seed/offspring/descendants", "*wattāqem*": "you established/confirmed/fulfilled", "*dəḇāreḵā*": "your words/promises/matters", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous/just/innocent" } } 9 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.9", "source": "וַתֵּ֛רֶא אֶת־עֳנִ֥י אֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם וְאֶת־זַעֲקָתָ֥ם שָׁמַ֖עְתָּ עַל־יַם־סֽוּף׃", "text": "And *wattēreʾ* *ʾet*-*ʿŏnî* *ʾăḇōtênû* in *Miṣrāyim*, and *ʾet*-*zaʿăqātām* *šāmaʿtā* at-*yam*-*sûp*.", "grammar": { "*wattēreʾ*": "qal imperfect consecutive 2nd person masculine singular - and you saw", "*ʿŏnî*": "masculine singular construct - affliction of", "*ʾăḇōtênû*": "masculine plural with 1st person common plural suffix - our fathers", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*zaʿăqātām*": "feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their cry", "*šāmaʿtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you heard", "*yam*": "masculine singular construct - sea of", "*sûp*": "masculine singular - reed/end" }, "variants": { "*wattēreʾ*": "you saw/perceived/observed", "*ʿŏnî*": "affliction/suffering/misery", "*ʾăḇōtênû*": "our fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*zaʿăqātām*": "their cry/outcry/call for help", "*šāmaʿtā*": "you heard/listened to/heeded", "*yam-sûp*": "Reed Sea/Red Sea" } } 10 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.10", "source": "וַ֠תִּתֵּן אֹתֹ֨ת וּמֹֽפְתִ֜ים בְּפַרְעֹ֤ה וּבְכָל־עֲבָדָיו֙ וּבְכָל־עַ֣ם אַרְצ֔וֹ כִּ֣י יָדַ֔עְתָּ כִּ֥י הֵזִ֖ידוּ עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וַתַּֽעַשׂ־לְךָ֥ שֵׁ֖ם כְּהַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And *wattittēn* *ʾōtōt* and *mōpətîm* in *Parʿōh* and in all-*ʿăḇādāyw* and in all-*ʿam* *ʾarṣô*, because *yādaʿtā* that *hēzîdû* against them, and *wattaʿaś*-for you *šēm* as *hayyôm* the *zeh*.", "grammar": { "*wattittēn*": "qal imperfect consecutive 2nd person masculine singular - and you gave", "*ʾōtōt*": "masculine plural - signs", "*mōpətîm*": "masculine plural - wonders/portents", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*ʿăḇādāyw*": "masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular construct - people of", "*ʾarṣô*": "feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his land", "*yādaʿtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you knew", "*hēzîdû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural - they acted presumptuously", "*wattaʿaś*": "qal imperfect consecutive 2nd person masculine singular - and you made", "*šēm*": "masculine singular - name", "*hayyôm*": "masculine singular - the day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective - this" }, "variants": { "*wattittēn*": "you gave/provided/placed", "*ʾōtōt*": "signs/tokens/symbols", "*mōpətîm*": "wonders/marvels/portents/miracles", "*ʿăḇādāyw*": "his servants/officials/slaves", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/folk", "*ʾarṣô*": "his land/country/territory", "*yādaʿtā*": "you knew/recognized/were aware", "*hēzîdû*": "they acted presumptuously/proudly/arrogantly", "*wattaʿaś*": "you made/created/established", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/fame", "*hayyôm*": "the day/today" } } 11 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.11", "source": "וְהַיָּם֙ בָּקַ֣עְתָּ לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּֽעַבְר֥וּ בְתוֹךְ־הַיָּ֖ם בַּיַּבָּשָׁ֑ה וְֽאֶת־רֹ֨דְפֵיהֶ֜ם הִשְׁלַ֧כְתָּ בִמְצוֹלֹ֛ת כְּמוֹ־אֶ֖בֶן בְּמַ֥יִם עַזִּֽים׃", "text": "And the *yām* *bāqaʿtā* before them, and *wayyaʿaḇrû* in midst-of the *yām* in the *yabbāšâ*, and *ʾet*-*rōdəpêhem* *hišlaḵtā* in *məṣôlōt* like-*ʾeḇen* in *mayim* *ʿazzîm*.", "grammar": { "*yām*": "masculine singular - sea", "*bāqaʿtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you split/divided", "*wayyaʿaḇrû*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine plural - and they passed over", "*yām*": "masculine singular - sea", "*yabbāšâ*": "feminine singular - dry land", "*rōdəpêhem*": "qal participle masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their pursuers", "*hišlaḵtā*": "hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you threw/cast", "*məṣôlōt*": "feminine plural - depths", "*ʾeḇen*": "feminine singular - stone", "*mayim*": "masculine plural - waters", "*ʿazzîm*": "adjective masculine plural - mighty/fierce" }, "variants": { "*bāqaʿtā*": "you split/divided/cleft", "*wayyaʿaḇrû*": "they passed over/crossed/went through", "*yabbāšâ*": "dry land/dry ground", "*rōdəpêhem*": "their pursuers/those chasing them", "*hišlaḵtā*": "you threw/cast/hurled", "*məṣôlōt*": "depths/deep waters/abyss", "*ʿazzîm*": "mighty/fierce/strong/powerful" } } 12 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.12", "source": "וּבְעַמּ֣וּד עָנָ֔ן הִנְחִיתָ֖ם יוֹמָ֑ם וּבְעַמּ֥וּד אֵשׁ֙ לַ֔יְלָה לְהָאִ֣יר לָהֶ֔ם אֶת־הַדֶּ֖רֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יֵֽלְכוּ־בָֽהּ׃", "text": "And in *ʿammûd* *ʿānān* *hinḥîtām* *yômām*, and in *ʿammûd* *ʾēš* *laylâ* to *ləhāʾîr* to them *ʾet*-the *dereḵ* which *yēləḵû*-in it.", "grammar": { "*ʿammûd*": "masculine singular construct - pillar of", "*ʿānān*": "masculine singular - cloud", "*hinḥîtām*": "hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - you led them", "*yômām*": "adverb - by day", "*ʿammûd*": "masculine singular construct - pillar of", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular - fire", "*laylâ*": "masculine singular - night", "*ləhāʾîr*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to give light", "*dereḵ*": "masculine singular - way/road", "*yēləḵû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will go/walk" }, "variants": { "*ʿammûd*": "pillar/column", "*ʿānān*": "cloud/mass of clouds", "*hinḥîtām*": "you led them/guided them/directed them", "*yômām*": "by day/daytime", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*laylâ*": "night/nighttime", "*ləhāʾîr*": "to give light/illuminate/shine", "*dereḵ*": "way/road/path/journey", "*yēləḵû*": "they will go/walk/travel" } }
• Ps 77:13-20 : 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.77.13", "source": "וְהָגִ֥יתִי בְכָל־פָּעֳלֶ֑ךָ וּֽבַעֲלִ֖ילוֹתֶ֣יךָ אָשִֽׂיחָה", "text": "And-*hāḡîṯî* in-all-*pāʿŏleḵā* and-in-*ʿălîlôṯeḵā* *ʾāśîḥāh*", "grammar": { "*hāḡîṯî*": "1st person singular qal perfect with waw-consecutive - and I will meditate", "*pāʿŏleḵā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your work", "*ʿălîlôṯeḵā*": "feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your deeds", "*ʾāśîḥāh*": "1st person singular qal imperfect/cohortative - I will muse/meditate" }, "variants": { "*hāḡîṯî*": "I will meditate/I will mutter/I will ponder", "*pāʿŏleḵā*": "your work/your deed/your action", "*ʿălîlôṯeḵā*": "your deeds/your exploits/your acts", "*ʾāśîḥāh*": "I will muse/I will meditate/I will ponder" } } 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.77.14", "source": "אֱ֭לֹהִים בַּקֹּ֣דֶשׁ דַּרְכֶּ֑ךָ מִי־אֵ֥ל גָּ֝ד֗וֹל כֵּֽאלֹהִֽים", "text": "*ʾĕlōhîm* in-the-*qōḏeš* *darkeḵā* who-*ʾēl* *gāḏôl* like-*ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - God", "*qōḏeš*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed 'bə' and definite article - in the holiness", "*darkeḵā*": "feminine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your way", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - god", "*gāḏôl*": "masculine singular adjective - great", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning with prefixed kaf - like God" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*qōḏeš*": "holiness/sanctuary/holy place", "*darkeḵā*": "your way/your path/your manner", "*ʾēl*": "god/deity/divine being", "*gāḏôl*": "great/large/mighty", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being" } } 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.77.15", "source": "אַתָּ֣ה הָ֭אֵל עֹ֣שֵׂה פֶ֑לֶא הוֹדַ֖עְתָּ בָעַמִּ֣ים עֻזֶּֽךָ", "text": "*ʾattāh* the-*ʾēl* *ʿōśēh* *p̄eleʾ* *hôḏaʿtā* in-the-*ʿammîm* *ʿuzzeḵā*", "grammar": { "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the God", "*ʿōśēh*": "masculine singular qal participle - doing", "*p̄eleʾ*": "masculine singular noun - wonder", "*hôḏaʿtā*": "2nd person masculine singular hiphil perfect - you made known", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun with prefixed 'bə' and definite article - in the peoples", "*ʿuzzeḵā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your strength" }, "variants": { "*ʾattāh*": "you [masculine singular]", "*ʾēl*": "God/Mighty One/deity", "*ʿōśēh*": "doing/making/performing", "*p̄eleʾ*": "wonder/marvel/miracle", "*hôḏaʿtā*": "you made known/you caused to know/you revealed", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*ʿuzzeḵā*": "your strength/your might/your power" } } 16 { "verseID": "Psalms.77.16", "source": "גָּאַ֣לְתָּ בִּזְר֣וֹעַ עַמֶּ֑ךָ בְּנֵי־יַעֲקֹ֖ב וְיוֹסֵ֣ף סֶֽלָה", "text": "*gāʾaltā* with-*zərôaʿ* *ʿammeḵā* *bənê*-*yaʿăqōḇ* and-*yôsēp̄* *selāh*", "grammar": { "*gāʾaltā*": "2nd person masculine singular qal perfect - you redeemed", "*zərôaʿ*": "feminine singular noun with prefixed beth - with arm", "*ʿammeḵā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper name - Jacob", "*yôsēp̄*": "proper name - Joseph", "*selāh*": "musical or liturgical notation" }, "variants": { "*gāʾaltā*": "you redeemed/you rescued/you delivered", "*zərôaʿ*": "arm/strength/power", "*ʿammeḵā*": "your people/your nation", "*bənê*": "sons of/children of/descendants of", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "Jacob/Israel", "*yôsēp̄*": "Joseph", "*selāh*": "musical pause/lift up/interlude" } } 17 { "verseID": "Psalms.77.17", "source": "רָ֘א֤וּךָ מַּ֨יִם ׀ אֱ‍ֽלֹהִ֗ים רָא֣וּךָ מַּ֣יִם יָחִ֑ילוּ אַ֝֗ף יִרְגְּז֥וּ תְהֹמֽוֹת", "text": "*rāʾûḵā* *mayim* *ʾĕlōhîm* *rāʾûḵā* *mayim* *yāḥîlû* also *yirggəzû* *ṯəhōmôṯ*", "grammar": { "*rāʾûḵā*": "3rd person plural qal perfect + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - they saw you", "*mayim*": "masculine plural noun - waters", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - God", "*yāḥîlû*": "3rd person plural qal imperfect - they writhe/tremble", "*yirggəzû*": "3rd person plural qal imperfect - they quake/tremble", "*ṯəhōmôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - depths/deeps" }, "variants": { "*rāʾûḵā*": "they saw you/they perceived you", "*mayim*": "waters/seas", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*yāḥîlû*": "they trembled/they writhed/they were in anguish", "*yirggəzû*": "they quaked/they trembled/they were troubled", "*ṯəhōmôṯ*": "depths/deeps/abysses" } } 18 { "verseID": "Psalms.77.18", "source": "זֹ֤רְמוּ מַ֨יִם ׀ עָב֗וֹת ק֭וֹל נָתְנ֣וּ שְׁחָקִ֑ים אַף־חֲ֝צָצֶ֗יךָ יִתְהַלָּֽכוּ", "text": "*zōrəmû* *mayim* *ʿāḇôṯ* *qôl* *nāṯənû* *šəḥāqîm* also-*ḥăṣāṣeḵā* *yiṯhallāḵû*", "grammar": { "*zōrəmû*": "3rd person plural qal perfect - they poured down", "*mayim*": "masculine plural noun - waters", "*ʿāḇôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - clouds/thick clouds", "*qôl*": "masculine singular noun - voice/sound", "*nāṯənû*": "3rd person plural qal perfect - they gave", "*šəḥāqîm*": "masculine plural noun - skies/clouds", "*ḥăṣāṣeḵā*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your arrows", "*yiṯhallāḵû*": "3rd person plural hithpael imperfect - they walked about" }, "variants": { "*zōrəmû*": "they poured down/they streamed/they flooded", "*mayim*": "waters/seas", "*ʿāḇôṯ*": "thick clouds/dark clouds", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*nāṯənû*": "they gave/they uttered/they produced", "*šəḥāqîm*": "skies/clouds/heavens", "*ḥăṣāṣeḵā*": "your arrows/your lightning bolts", "*yiṯhallāḵû*": "they walked about/they went back and forth/they flashed" } } 19 { "verseID": "Psalms.77.19", "source": "ק֤וֹל רַעַמְךָ֨ ׀ בַּגַּלְגַּ֗ל הֵאִ֣ירוּ בְרָקִ֣ים תֵּבֵ֑ל רָגְזָ֖ה וַתִּרְעַ֣שׁ הָאָֽרֶץ", "text": "*qôl* *raʿamḵā* in-the-*galgal* *hēʾîrû* *ḇərāqîm* *tēḇēl* *rāḡəzāh* and-*tirʿaš* the-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - voice of", "*raʿamḵā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your thunder", "*galgal*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed 'bə' and definite article - in the whirlwind", "*hēʾîrû*": "3rd person plural hiphil perfect - they illuminated", "*ḇərāqîm*": "masculine plural noun - lightnings", "*tēḇēl*": "feminine singular noun - world", "*rāḡəzāh*": "3rd person feminine singular qal perfect - she trembled", "*tirʿaš*": "3rd person feminine singular qal imperfect with waw-consecutive - and she shook", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the earth" }, "variants": { "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*raʿamḵā*": "your thunder/your thunderous voice", "*galgal*": "whirlwind/wheel/heaven", "*hēʾîrû*": "they illuminated/they lit up/they gave light to", "*ḇərāqîm*": "lightnings/flashes", "*tēḇēl*": "world/inhabited earth", "*rāḡəzāh*": "trembled/quaked/was agitated", "*tirʿaš*": "shook/quaked/trembled", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground" } } 20 { "verseID": "Psalms.77.20", "source": "בַּיָּ֤ם דַּרְכֶּ֗ךָ וּֽ֭שְׁבִֽילְךָ בְּמַ֣יִם רַבִּ֑ים וְ֝עִקְּבוֹתֶ֗יךָ לֹ֣א נֹדָֽעוּ", "text": "In-the-*yām* *darkeḵā* and-*šəḇîləḵā* in-*mayim* *rabbîm* and-*ʿiqqəḇôṯeḵā* not *nōḏāʿû*", "grammar": { "*yām*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed 'bə' and definite article - in the sea", "*darkeḵā*": "feminine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your way", "*šəḇîləḵā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your path", "*mayim*": "masculine plural noun with prefixed 'bə' - in waters", "*rabbîm*": "masculine plural adjective - many", "*ʿiqqəḇôṯeḵā*": "feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your footprints", "*nōḏāʿû*": "3rd person plural niphal perfect - they were known" }, "variants": { "*yām*": "sea/ocean", "*darkeḵā*": "your way/your path/your journey", "*šəḇîləḵā*": "your path/your track/your course", "*mayim*": "waters/seas", "*rabbîm*": "many/great/mighty", "*ʿiqqəḇôṯeḵā*": "your footprints/your tracks/your traces", "*nōḏāʿû*": "were known/were recognized/were discovered" } }
• Ps 78:12-13 : 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.12", "source": "נֶ֣גֶד אֲ֭בוֹתָם עָ֣שָׂה פֶ֑לֶא בְּאֶ֖רֶץ מִצְרַ֣יִם שְׂדֵה־צֹֽעַן׃", "text": "In front of *neḡeḏ* their *ʾăḇôtām* he *ʿāśâ* *p̄eleʾ* in land of *bᵉʾereṣ* *miṣrayim* field of-*śᵉḏê*-*ṣōʿan*", "grammar": { "*neḡeḏ*": "preposition - in front of/in the sight of", "*ʾăḇôtām*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*ʿāśâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he did/made/performed", "*p̄eleʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - wonder/marvel", "*bᵉʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in the land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*śᵉḏê*": "noun, masculine singular construct - field of", "*ṣōʿan*": "proper noun - Zoan" }, "variants": { "*neḡeḏ*": "in front of/in the sight of/before/in the presence of", "*ʿāśâ*": "did/made/performed/accomplished", "*p̄eleʾ*": "wonder/marvel/miracle/extraordinary act", "*śᵉḏê*": "field/country/territory/region" } } 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.13", "source": "בָּ֣קַע יָ֭ם וַיַּֽעֲבִירֵ֑ם וַֽיַּצֶּב־מַ֥יִם כְּמוֹ־נֵ‪[c]‬ד׃", "text": "He *bāqaʿ* *yām* and he *wayyaʿăḇîrēm* and he *wayyaṣṣeḇ*-*mayim* like-*kᵉmô*-*nēḏ*", "grammar": { "*bāqaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he split/divided", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea", "*wayyaʿăḇîrēm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he caused them to pass through", "*wayyaṣṣeḇ*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he caused to stand", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*kᵉmô*": "preposition - like/as", "*nēḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - heap/pile" }, "variants": { "*bāqaʿ*": "split/divided/broke open/tore", "*yām*": "sea/large body of water", "*wayyaʿăḇîrēm*": "and he caused them to pass through/led them across", "*wayyaṣṣeḇ*": "and he caused to stand/set up/established", "*nēḏ*": "heap/pile/mound/wall" } }
• Ps 78:42-53 : 42 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.42", "source": "לֹא־זָכְר֥וּ אֶת־יָד֑וֹ י֝֗וֹם אֲ‍ֽשֶׁר־פָּדָ֥ם מִנִּי־צָֽר׃", "text": "not-*zākrû* *ʾet*-*yādō* *yōm* that-*pādām* from-*ṣār*", "grammar": { "*zākrû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural - they remembered", "*yādō*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*yōm*": "masculine singular noun - day", "*pādām*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - he redeemed them", "*ṣār*": "masculine singular noun - adversary/enemy" }, "variants": { "*yādō*": "his hand/his power", "*pādām*": "redeemed them/ransomed them/rescued them", "*ṣār*": "adversary/enemy/foe/distress" } } 43 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.43", "source": "אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֣ם בְּ֭מִצְרַיִם אֹֽתוֹתָ֑יו וּ֝מוֹפְתָ֗יו בִּשְׂדֵה־צֹֽעַן׃", "text": "which-*śām* in-*miṣrayim* *ʾōtōtāyw* and-*mōphətāyw* in-*śədēh*-*ṣōʿan*", "grammar": { "*śām*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he placed/set", "*miṣrayim*": "proper name - Egypt", "*ʾōtōtāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his signs", "*mōphətāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wonders/portents", "*śədēh*": "masculine singular construct - field of", "*ṣōʿan*": "proper name - Zoan" }, "variants": { "*śām*": "placed/set/established", "*ʾōtōtāyw*": "his signs/his tokens/his omens", "*mōphətāyw*": "his wonders/his portents/his miracles", "*śədēh*": "field/countryside/territory" } } 44 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.44", "source": "וַיַּהֲפֹ֣ךְ לְ֭דָם יְאֹרֵיהֶ֑ם וְ֝נֹזְלֵיהֶ֗ם בַּל־יִשְׁתָּיֽוּן׃", "text": "*wə-yahăphōk* to-*dām* *yəʾōrêhem* and-*nōzlêhem* not-*yištāyûn*", "grammar": { "*wə-yahăphōk*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he turned/changed", "*dām*": "masculine singular noun - blood", "*yəʾōrêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their rivers/streams", "*nōzlêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their flowing streams", "*yištāyûn*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with paragogic nun - they could drink" }, "variants": { "*yahăphōk*": "turned/changed/transformed", "*yəʾōrêhem*": "their rivers/their Nile streams/their canals", "*nōzlêhem*": "their flowing streams/their brooks/their water courses", "*yištāyûn*": "could drink/would drink" } } 45 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.45", "source": "יְשַׁלַּ֬ח בָּהֶ֣ם עָ֭רֹב וַיֹּאכְלֵ֑ם וּ֝צְפַרְדֵּ֗עַ וַתַּשְׁחִיתֵֽם׃", "text": "*yəšallaḥ* among-them *ʿārōb* *wə-yōʾklēm* and-*ṣəphardēaʿ* *wə-tašḥîtēm*", "grammar": { "*yəšallaḥ*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he sent", "*ʿārōb*": "masculine singular noun - swarm/flies", "*wə-yōʾklēm*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix with waw consecutive - and they devoured them", "*ṣəphardēaʿ*": "feminine singular noun (collective) - frogs", "*wə-tašḥîtēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix with waw consecutive - and it/they destroyed them" }, "variants": { "*yəšallaḥ*": "sent/let loose/sent forth", "*ʿārōb*": "swarm/flies/mixture of insects", "*ṣəphardēaʿ*": "frogs (collective)", "*wə-tašḥîtēm*": "destroyed them/brought ruin upon them" } } 46 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.46", "source": "וַיִּתֵּ֣ן לֶחָסִ֣יל יְבוּלָ֑ם וִֽ֝יגִיעָ֗ם לָאַרְבֶּֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yittēn* to-*ḥāsîl* *yəbûlām* and-*yəgîʿām* to-the-*ʾarbeh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yittēn*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he gave", "*ḥāsîl*": "masculine singular noun - locust/caterpillar", "*yəbûlām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their produce", "*yəgîʿām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their labor/toil", "*ʾarbeh*": "masculine singular noun with article - the locust" }, "variants": { "*ḥāsîl*": "locust/caterpillar/devourer", "*yəbûlām*": "their produce/their crops/their yield", "*yəgîʿām*": "their labor/their toil/fruit of their labor", "*ʾarbeh*": "locust/grasshopper" } } 47 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.47", "source": "יַהֲרֹ֣ג בַּבָּרָ֣ד גַּפְנָ֑ם וְ֝שִׁקְמוֹתָ֗ם בַּֽחֲנָמַֽל׃", "text": "*yaharōg* with-the-*bārād* *gaphnām* and-*šiqmōtām* with-the-*ḥănāmal*", "grammar": { "*yaharōg*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he killed/destroyed", "*bārād*": "masculine singular noun with article - the hail", "*gaphnām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their vine", "*šiqmōtām*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sycamore trees", "*ḥănāmal*": "masculine singular noun with article - the frost/sleet" }, "variants": { "*yaharōg*": "killed/destroyed/slew", "*gaphnām*": "their vine/their vineyard", "*šiqmōtām*": "their sycamore trees/their fig-mulberry trees", "*ḥănāmal*": "frost/sleet/hail" } } 48 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.48", "source": "וַיַּסְגֵּ֣ר לַבָּרָ֣ד בְּעִירָ֑ם וּ֝מִקְנֵיהֶ֗ם לָרְשָׁפִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yasgēr* to-the-*bārād* *bəʿîrām* and-*miqnêhem* to-*rəšāphîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yasgēr*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he delivered over/gave up", "*bārād*": "masculine singular noun with article - the hail", "*bəʿîrām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their cattle/beasts", "*miqnêhem*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their livestock/cattle", "*rəšāphîm*": "masculine plural noun - flames/fiery bolts/thunderbolts" }, "variants": { "*wə-yasgēr*": "delivered over/gave up/shut up", "*bəʿîrām*": "their cattle/their beasts/their livestock", "*miqnêhem*": "their livestock/their cattle/their possessions", "*rəšāphîm*": "flames/fiery bolts/lightning/thunderbolts" } } 49 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.49", "source": "יְשַׁלַּח־בָּ֨ם ׀ חֲר֬וֹן אַפּ֗וֹ עֶבְרָ֣ה וָזַ֣עַם וְצָרָ֑ה מִ֝שְׁלַ֗חַת מַלְאֲכֵ֥י רָעִֽים׃", "text": "*yəšallaḥ*-against-them *ḥărōn* *ʾappō* *ʿebrāh* and-*zaʿam* and-*ṣārāh* *mišlaḥat* *malʾăkê* *rāʿîm*", "grammar": { "*yəšallaḥ*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he sent", "*ḥărōn*": "masculine singular construct - burning of", "*ʾappō*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anger/nostrils", "*ʿebrāh*": "feminine singular noun - fury/wrath/overflow", "*zaʿam*": "masculine singular noun - indignation/anger", "*ṣārāh*": "feminine singular noun - distress/trouble", "*mišlaḥat*": "feminine singular construct - sending/deputation of", "*malʾăkê*": "masculine plural construct - messengers/angels of", "*rāʿîm*": "masculine plural adjective - evil/bad" }, "variants": { "*ḥărōn*": "burning/heat/fierceness", "*ʾappō*": "his anger/his wrath/his nose", "*ʿebrāh*": "fury/wrath/rage/overflow", "*zaʿam*": "indignation/anger/denouncement", "*ṣārāh*": "distress/trouble/affliction", "*mišlaḥat*": "sending/deputation/discharge", "*malʾăkê rāʿîm*": "messengers of evil/evil angels/angels of destruction" } } 50 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.50", "source": "יְפַלֵּ֥ס נָתִ֗יב לְאַ֫פּ֥וֹ לֹא־חָשַׂ֣ךְ מִמָּ֣וֶת נַפְשָׁ֑ם וְ֝חַיָּתָ֗ם לַדֶּ֥בֶר הִסְגִּֽיר׃", "text": "*yəphallēs* *nātîb* for-*ʾappō* not-*ḥāśak* from-*māwet* *naphšām* and-*ḥayyātām* to-the-*deber* *hisgîr*", "grammar": { "*yəphallēs*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he leveled/made a path", "*nātîb*": "masculine singular noun - path/way", "*ʾappō*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anger", "*ḥāśak*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he withheld/spared", "*māwet*": "masculine singular noun - death", "*naphšām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their soul/life", "*ḥayyātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their life", "*deber*": "masculine singular noun with article - the pestilence/plague", "*hisgîr*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he delivered over/gave up" }, "variants": { "*yəphallēs*": "leveled/made a path/prepared", "*nātîb*": "path/way/track", "*ʾappō*": "his anger/his wrath", "*ḥāśak*": "withheld/spared/kept back", "*naphšām*": "their soul/their life/themselves", "*ḥayyātām*": "their life/their living creatures", "*deber*": "pestilence/plague/disease", "*hisgîr*": "delivered over/gave up/surrendered" } } 51 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.51", "source": "וַיַּ֣ךְ כָּל־בְּכ֣וֹר בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם רֵאשִׁ֥ית א֝וֹנִ֗ים בְּאָהֳלֵי־חָֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yak* all-*bəkōr* in-*miṣrayim* *rēʾšît* *ʾônîm* in-*ʾohŏlê*-*ḥām*", "grammar": { "*wə-yak*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he smote/struck", "*bəkōr*": "masculine singular noun - firstborn", "*miṣrayim*": "proper name - Egypt", "*rēʾšît*": "feminine singular construct - beginning/first of", "*ʾônîm*": "masculine plural noun - strength/vigor/manly vigor", "*ʾohŏlê*": "masculine plural construct - tents of", "*ḥām*": "proper name - Ham" }, "variants": { "*wə-yak*": "smote/struck/hit", "*bəkōr*": "firstborn", "*rēʾšît*": "beginning/first/firstfruits", "*ʾônîm*": "strength/vigor/manly vigor/reproductive power", "*ʾohŏlê*": "tents/dwelling places", "*ḥām*": "Ham (progenitor of Egypt)" } } 52 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.52", "source": "וַיַּסַּ֣ע כַּצֹּ֣אן עַמּ֑וֹ וַֽיְנַהֲגֵ֥ם כַּ֝עֵ֗דֶר בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃", "text": "*wə-yassaʿ* like-the-*ṣōʾn* *ʿammō* *wə-ynahăgēm* like-the-*ʿēder* in-the-*midbār*", "grammar": { "*wə-yassaʿ*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he set out/made to journey", "*ṣōʾn*": "feminine singular noun with article - the flock/sheep", "*ʿammō*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people", "*wə-ynahăgēm*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix with waw consecutive - and he led them", "*ʿēder*": "masculine singular noun with article - the flock/herd", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with article - the wilderness/desert" }, "variants": { "*wə-yassaʿ*": "set out/made to journey/removed", "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep/small cattle", "*wə-ynahăgēm*": "led them/guided them/drove them", "*ʿēder*": "flock/herd/drove" } } 53 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.53", "source": "וַיַּנְחֵ֣ם לָ֭בֶטַח וְלֹ֣א פָחָ֑דוּ וְאֶת־א֝וֹיְבֵיהֶ֗ם כִּסָּ֥ה הַיָּֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yanḥēm* to-*labeṭaḥ* and-not *pāḥādû* and-*ʾet*-*ʾôyəbêhem* *kissāh* the-*yām*", "grammar": { "*wə-yanḥēm*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix with waw consecutive - and he led them", "*labeṭaḥ*": "masculine singular noun with preposition - to security/safety", "*pāḥādû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural - they feared/were afraid", "*ʾôyəbêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*kissāh*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he covered", "*yām*": "masculine singular noun with article - the sea" }, "variants": { "*wə-yanḥēm*": "led them/guided them", "*labeṭaḥ*": "to security/safely/without fear", "*pāḥādû*": "feared/were afraid/were in dread", "*ʾôyəbêhem*": "their enemies/their foes" } }
• Ps 105:6-9 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.6", "source": "זֶ֭רַע אַבְרָהָ֣ם עַבְדּ֑וֹ בְּנֵ֖י יַעֲקֹ֣ב בְּחִירָֽיו׃", "text": "*zeraʿ* *ʾAbrāhām* *ʿabdō* *bənēy* *Yaʿăqōb* *bəḥīrāyw*", "grammar": { "*zeraʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - seed/offspring of", "*ʾAbrāhām*": "proper name - Abraham", "*ʿabdō*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3ms suffix - his servant", "*bənēy*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*Yaʿăqōb*": "proper name - Jacob", "*bəḥīrāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - his chosen ones" }, "variants": { "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*ʿabdō*": "his servant/slave", "*bənēy*": "sons/children/descendants of", "*bəḥīrāyw*": "his chosen ones/elect/selected ones" } } 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.7", "source": "ה֭וּא יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ בְּכָל־הָ֝אָ֗רֶץ מִשְׁפָּטָֽיו׃", "text": "*hū* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhēynū* in-all-the-*ʾāreṣ* *mišpāṭāyw*", "grammar": { "*hū*": "pronoun, 3ms - he", "*YHWH*": "proper name - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhēynū*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1cp suffix - our God", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*mišpāṭāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3ms suffix - his judgments" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhēynū*": "our God/deity", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground/world", "*mišpāṭāyw*": "his judgments/ordinances/decisions/legal claims" } } 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.8", "source": "זָכַ֣ר לְעוֹלָ֣ם בְּרִית֑וֹ דָּבָ֥ר צִ֝וָּ֗ה לְאֶ֣לֶף דּֽוֹר׃", "text": "*zākar* to-*ʿōlām* *bərītō* *dābār* *ṣiwwāh* to-*ʾelep* *dōr*", "grammar": { "*zākar*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he remembered", "*ʿōlām*": "noun, masculine singular - forever/eternity", "*bərītō*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3ms suffix - his covenant", "*dābār*": "noun, masculine singular - word/thing", "*ṣiwwāh*": "piel perfect, 3ms - he commanded", "*ʾelep*": "number, masculine singular - thousand", "*dōr*": "noun, masculine singular - generation" }, "variants": { "*zākar*": "remembered/kept in mind/was mindful of", "*ʿōlām*": "forever/eternity/long duration", "*bərītō*": "his covenant/agreement/treaty", "*dābār*": "word/thing/matter/utterance", "*ṣiwwāh*": "commanded/ordered/appointed", "*dōr*": "generation/age/period" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.9", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֣ר כָּ֭רַת אֶת־אַבְרָהָ֑ם וּשְׁב֖וּעָת֣וֹ לְיִשְׂחָֽק׃", "text": "*ʾăšer* *kārat* *ʾet*-*ʾAbrāhām* *ū-šəbūʿātō* to-*Yiśḥāq*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*kārat*": "qal perfect, 3ms - he cut/made", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾAbrāhām*": "proper name - Abraham", "*ū-šəbūʿātō*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct with 3ms suffix - and his oath", "*Yiśḥāq*": "proper name - Isaac" }, "variants": { "*kārat*": "cut/made/established (covenant term)", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker (no translation)", "*šəbūʿātō*": "his oath/sworn promise/vow" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.10", "source": "וַיַּֽעֲמִידֶ֣הָ לְיַעֲקֹ֣ב לְחֹ֑ק לְ֝יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל בְּרִ֣ית עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yyaʿămīdehā* to-*Yaʿăqōb* for-*ḥōq* to-*Yiśrāʾēl* *bərīt* *ʿōlām*", "grammar": { "*wa-yyaʿămīdehā*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect (consecutive), 3ms with 3fs suffix - and he established it", "*Yaʿăqōb*": "proper name - Jacob", "*ḥōq*": "noun, masculine singular - statute/decree", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*bərīt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*ʿōlām*": "noun, masculine singular - eternity/forever" }, "variants": { "*wa-yyaʿămīdehā*": "and he established it/confirmed it/made it stand", "*ḥōq*": "statute/decree/ordinance/law", "*bərīt*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*ʿōlām*": "everlasting/eternal/perpetual" } } 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.11", "source": "לֵאמֹ֗ר לְךָ֗ אֶתֵּ֥ן אֶת־אֶֽרֶץ־כְּנָ֑עַן חֶ֝֗בֶל נַחֲלַתְכֶֽם׃", "text": "*lēʾmōr* to-you *ʾettēn* *ʾet*-*ʾereṣ*-*Kənaʿan* *ḥebel* *naḥălatkem*", "grammar": { "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʾettēn*": "qal imperfect, 1cs - I will give", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Kənaʿan*": "proper name - Canaan", "*ḥebel*": "noun, masculine singular construct - portion/lot of", "*naḥălatkem*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2mp suffix - your inheritance" }, "variants": { "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say", "*ʾettēn*": "I will give/grant/bestow", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory/region", "*ḥebel*": "portion/lot/territory/region", "*naḥălatkem*": "your inheritance/possession/property" } } 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.105.12", "source": "בִּֽהְיוֹתָם מְתֵ֣י מִסְפָּ֑ר כִּ֝מְעַ֗ט וְגָרִ֥ים בָּֽהּ׃", "text": "In-*hĕyōtām* *mətēy* *mispār* as-*məʿaṭ* *wə-gārīm* in-her", "grammar": { "*hĕyōtām*": "qal infinitive construct with 3mp suffix - their being", "*mətēy*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of", "*mispār*": "noun, masculine singular - number", "*məʿaṭ*": "adjective, masculine singular - few", "*wə-gārīm*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine plural - and sojourners/strangers" }, "variants": { "*hĕyōtām*": "when they were/while they were", "*mətēy*": "men/few men/people", "*mispār*": "number/count/small number", "*məʿaṭ*": "few/little/small", "*gārīm*": "sojourners/strangers/foreigners/resident aliens" } }
• Gen 12:1-3 : 1 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.1", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־אַבְרָ֔ם לֶךְ־לְךָ֛ מֵאַרְצְךָ֥ וּמִמּֽוֹלַדְתְּךָ֖ וּמִבֵּ֣ית אָבִ֑יךָ אֶל־הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַרְאֶֽךָּ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-*ʾAbrām* *lek-lekā* from-*ʾarṣekā* and-from-*môladtekā* and-from-*bêt* *ʾābîkā* to-the-*ʾāreṣ* which *ʾarʾekkā*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾAbrām*": "proper noun - Abram", "*lek-lekā*": "imperative 2nd person masculine singular + preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - go for/to yourself", "*ʾarṣekā*": "noun feminine + 2nd person masculine singular possessive suffix - your land", "*môladtekā*": "noun feminine + 2nd person masculine singular possessive suffix - your birth/native land/kindred", "*bêt*": "construct state of noun masculine - house of", "*ʾābîkā*": "noun masculine + 2nd person masculine singular possessive suffix - your father", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine - land/earth", "*ʾarʾekkā*": "imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I will show you" }, "variants": { "*lek-lekā*": "go for yourself/go by yourself/go to yourself/go forth", "*môladtekā*": "your birthplace/your relatives/your kindred/your native country", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/country/earth/ground/territory" } } 2 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.2", "source": "וְאֶֽעֶשְׂךָ֙ לְג֣וֹי גָּד֔וֹל וַאֲבָ֣רֶכְךָ֔ וַאֲגַדְּלָ֖ה שְׁמֶ֑ךָ וֶהְיֵ֖ה בְּרָכָֽה׃", "text": "And-*weʾeʿeśkā* to-*gôy* *gādôl* and-*waʾăbārekekā* and-*waʾăgaddelāh* *šemekā* and-*wehyēh* *berākāh*.", "grammar": { "*weʾeʿeśkā*": "conjunction + imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and I will make you", "*gôy*": "noun masculine singular - nation/people", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great/large", "*waʾăbārekekā*": "conjunction + imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and I will bless you", "*waʾăgaddelāh*": "conjunction + imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - and I will make great", "*šemekā*": "noun masculine + 2nd person masculine singular possessive suffix - your name", "*wehyēh*": "conjunction + imperative 2nd person masculine singular - and be", "*berākāh*": "noun feminine singular - blessing" }, "variants": { "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*berākāh*": "blessing/benediction/prosperity" } } 3 { "verseID": "Genesis.12.3", "source": "וַאֲבָֽרֲכָה֙ מְבָ֣רְכֶ֔יךָ וּמְקַלֶּלְךָ֖ אָאֹ֑ר וְנִבְרְכ֣וּ בְךָ֔ כֹּ֖ל מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת הָאֲדָמָֽה׃", "text": "And-*waʾăbārekāh* *mebārekêkā* and-*ûmeqallelkā* *ʾāʾōr* and-*wenibrekû* in-*bekā* all *mišpeḥōt* the-*hāʾădāmāh*.", "grammar": { "*waʾăbārekāh*": "conjunction + imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - and I will bless", "*mebārekêkā*": "participle masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - those who bless you", "*ûmeqallelkā*": "conjunction + participle masculine singular construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and the one who curses you", "*ʾāʾōr*": "imperfect 1st person singular - I will curse", "*wenibrekû*": "conjunction + perfect 3rd person plural niphal (passive/reflexive) - and they will be blessed/will bless themselves", "*bekā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - in you", "*mišpeḥōt*": "noun feminine plural construct - families/clans of", "*hāʾădāmāh*": "article + noun feminine singular - the ground/earth/land" }, "variants": { "*mebārekêkā*": "those who bless you/your blessers", "*meqallelkā*": "one who curses you/your curser", "*wenibrekû*": "they will be blessed/they will bless themselves/they will find blessing", "*mišpeḥōt*": "families/clans/tribes", "*hāʾădāmāh*": "the ground/earth/soil/land" } }
• Gen 17:7-8 : 7 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.7", "source": "וַהֲקִמֹתִ֨י אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֜י בֵּינִ֣י וּבֵינֶ֗ךָ וּבֵ֨ין זַרְעֲךָ֧ אַחֲרֶ֛יךָ לְדֹרֹתָ֖ם לִבְרִ֣ית עוֹלָ֑ם לִהְי֤וֹת לְךָ֙ לֵֽאלֹהִ֔ים וּֽלְזַרְעֲךָ֖ אַחֲרֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wa-hăqîmōtî* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *bênî* *û-ḇêneḵā* *û-ḇên* *zarʿăḵā* *ʾaḥăreḵā* *lə-ḏōrōtām* *li-ḇərît* *ʿôlām* *li-hyôt* *ləḵā* *lēʾlōhîm* *û-lə-zarʿăḵā* *ʾaḥăreḵā*", "grammar": { "*wa-hăqîmōtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will establish", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bərîtî*": "noun feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*bênî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - between me", "*û-ḇêneḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and between you", "*û-ḇên*": "conjunction + preposition - and between", "*zarʿăḵā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*ʾaḥăreḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - after you", "*lə-ḏōrōtām*": "preposition + noun masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - throughout their generations", "*li-ḇərît*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - for a covenant of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun masculine singular - everlasting/perpetuity", "*li-hyôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to be", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*lēʾlōhîm*": "preposition + noun masculine plural - God/for God", "*û-lə-zarʿăḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and to your seed/offspring", "*ʾaḥăreḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - after you" }, "variants": { "*hăqîmōtî*": "establish/confirm/ratify/fulfill", "*zarʿăḵā*": "seed/offspring/descendants/posterity", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/perpetual/eternal/indefinite time" } } 8 { "verseID": "Genesis.17.8", "source": "וְנָתַתִּ֣י לְ֠ךָ וּלְזַרְעֲךָ֨ אַחֲרֶ֜יךָ אֵ֣ת ׀ אֶ֣רֶץ מְגֻרֶ֗יךָ אֵ֚ת כָּל־אֶ֣רֶץ כְּנַ֔עַן לַאֲחֻזַּ֖ת עוֹלָ֑ם וְהָיִ֥יתִי לָהֶ֖ם לֵאלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-nātattî* *ləḵā* *û-lə-zarʿăḵā* *ʾaḥăreḵā* *ʾēt* *ʾereṣ* *məgureḵā* *ʾēt* *kol*-*ʾereṣ* *Kənaʿan* *la-ʾăḥuzzat* *ʿôlām* *wə-hāyîtî* *lāhem* *lēʾlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-nātattî*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will give", "*ləḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*û-lə-zarʿăḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and to your seed/offspring", "*ʾaḥăreḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - after you", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*məgureḵā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sojournings", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*Kənaʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan", "*la-ʾăḥuzzat*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - for a possession of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun masculine singular - everlasting/perpetuity", "*wə-hāyîtî*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will be", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*lēʾlōhîm*": "preposition + noun masculine plural - for God" }, "variants": { "*məgureḵā*": "sojournings/dwelling as alien/temporary residence", "*ʾăḥuzzat*": "possession/property/holding", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/perpetual/eternal/indefinite time" } }
• Exod 1:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.1.7", "source": "וּבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל פָּר֧וּ וַֽיִּשְׁרְצ֛וּ וַיִּרְבּ֥וּ וַיַּֽעַצְמ֖וּ בִּמְאֹ֣ד מְאֹ֑ד וַתִּמָּלֵ֥א הָאָ֖רֶץ אֹתָֽם׃", "text": "And *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* *pārû* and *way-yišrəṣû* and *way-yirbû* and *way-yaʿaṣmû* in *məʾōd* *məʾōd* and *wat-timmālē* the *ʾāreṣ* *ʾōtām*", "grammar": { "וּבְנֵ֣י": "conjunction *wə-* + noun, masculine plural construct - 'and sons of'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*pārû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they were fruitful'", "וַֽיִּשְׁרְצ֛וּ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd plural, vav-consecutive - 'and they teemed/swarmed'", "וַיִּרְבּ֥וּ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd plural, vav-consecutive - 'and they multiplied'", "וַיַּֽעַצְמ֖וּ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd plural, vav-consecutive - 'and they became mighty'", "בִּמְאֹ֣ד מְאֹ֑ד": "preposition *bə-* + adverb repeated - 'exceedingly, very very much'", "וַתִּמָּלֵ֥א": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and was filled'", "הָאָ֖רֶץ": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - 'the land'", "אֹתָֽם": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'with them'" }, "variants": { "*pārû*": "were fruitful, bore fruit, increased", "*way-yišrəṣû*": "swarmed, teemed, increased abundantly, bred", "*way-yirbû*": "multiplied, became many, became numerous", "*way-yaʿaṣmû*": "became mighty, became strong, grew powerful", "*məʾōd məʾōd*": "exceedingly, very much, to a great degree", "*wat-timmālē*": "was filled, became full", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land, earth, ground, territory", "*ʾōtām*": "them, with them" } } 8 { "verseID": "Exodus.1.8", "source": "וַיָּ֥קָם מֶֽלֶךְ־חָדָ֖שׁ עַל־מִצְרָ֑יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־יָדַ֖ע אֶת־יוֹסֵֽף׃", "text": "And *way-yāqom* *meleḵ*-*ḥādāš* over *miṣrāyim* who *lōʾ*-*yādaʿ* *ʾet*-*yôsēp̄*", "grammar": { "וַיָּ֥קָם": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he arose'", "מֶֽלֶךְ־חָדָ֖שׁ": "noun, masculine singular construct + adjective, masculine singular - 'a new king'", "עַל־מִצְרָ֑יִם": "preposition + proper noun - 'over Egypt'", "אֲשֶׁ֥ר": "relative pronoun - 'who'", "לֹֽא־יָדַ֖ע": "negative particle + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'did not know'", "אֶת־יוֹסֵֽף": "direct object marker + proper noun - 'Joseph'" }, "variants": { "*way-yāqom*": "arose, stood up, came to power", "*meleḵ*": "king, ruler, sovereign", "*ḥādāš*": "new, fresh, novel", "*lōʾ*-*yādaʿ*": "did not know, was not acquainted with, did not recognize" } } 9 { "verseID": "Exodus.1.9", "source": "וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אֶל־עַמּ֑וֹ הִנֵּ֗ה עַ֚ם בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל רַ֥ב וְעָצ֖וּם מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃", "text": "And *way-yōʾmer* to *ʿammô* *hinnēh* *ʿam* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* *rab* and *ʿāṣûm* from us", "grammar": { "וַיֹּ֖אמֶר": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he said'", "אֶל־עַמּ֑וֹ": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to his people'", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - 'behold'", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'people of'", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - 'sons of'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*rab*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'numerous'", "וְעָצ֖וּם": "conjunction *wə-* + adjective, masculine singular - 'and mighty'", "מִמֶּֽנּוּ": "preposition *min* + 1st person plural suffix - 'than us'" }, "variants": { "*way-yōʾmer*": "and he said, and he spoke", "*ʿammô*": "his people, his nation", "*hinnēh*": "behold, look, see", "*ʿam*": "people, nation, folk", "*rab*": "many, numerous, great, abundant", "*ʿāṣûm*": "mighty, strong, powerful" } }
• Exod 6:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.1", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה עַתָּ֣ה תִרְאֶ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֽ͏ֶעֱשֶׂ֖ה לְפַרְעֹ֑ה כִּ֣י בְיָ֤ד חֲזָקָה֙ יְשַׁלְּחֵ֔ם וּבְיָ֣ד חֲזָקָ֔ה יְגָרְשֵׁ֖ם מֵאַרְצֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer YHWH* unto *Mōšeh* now *tirʾeh* what *ʾeʿĕśeh* to *parʿōh* for by *yād ḥăzāqāh* he-will-send-them and by *yād ḥăzāqāh* he-will-drive-them-out from *ʾarṣō*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "unto": "preposition *ʾel* - to, toward", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses", "now": "adverb *ʿattāh* - now, at this time", "*tirʾeh*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will see", "what": "relative pronoun *ʾăšer* - which, that", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will do", "to": "preposition *lə* - to, for", "*parʿōh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Pharaoh", "for": "conjunction *kî* - because, for", "by": "preposition *bə* - in, with, by", "*yād ḥăzāqāh*": "noun + adjective, feminine singular - strong hand", "*yəšallēḥēm*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - he will send/let them go", "and by": "conjunction + preposition - *û-bə* - and with, and by", "*yəḡārəšēm*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - he will drive them out", "from": "preposition *mē* - from", "*ʾarṣō*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his land" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmer*": "said, spoke, commanded", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh, LORD, the divine name", "*tirʾeh*": "you will see, perceive, experience", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "I will do, make, accomplish", "*yād ḥăzāqāh*": "strong hand, mighty power, forceful action", "*yəšallēḥēm*": "he will send them away, release them, let them go", "*yəḡārəšēm*": "he will drive them out, expel them, banish them", "*ʾarṣō*": "his land, his country, his territory" } } 2 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.2", "source": "וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֑ה וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֵלָ֖יו אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yədabbēr ʾĕlōhîm* unto *Mōšeh wə-yōʾmer* unto-him I *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wə-yədabbēr*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he spoke", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural with singular meaning - God", "unto": "preposition *ʾel* - to, toward", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "unto-him": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix *ʾēlāw* - to him", "I": "personal pronoun, 1st singular *ʾănî* - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name" }, "variants": { "*yədabbēr*": "spoke, talked, communicated", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God, gods, divine beings", "*yōʾmer*": "said, spoke, declared", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh, LORD, the divine name" } } 3 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.3", "source": "וָאֵרָ֗א אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֛ם אֶל־יִצְחָ֥ק וְאֶֽל־יַעֲקֹ֖ב בְּאֵ֣ל שַׁדָּ֑י וּשְׁמִ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לֹ֥א נוֹדַ֖עְתִּי לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wā-ʾērāʾ* unto *ʾAḇrāhām* unto *Yiṣḥāq* and-unto *Yaʿăqōḇ* as *ʾĒl Šaddāy* and-my-name *YHWH* not *nōdaʿtî* to-them", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾērāʾ*": "waw consecutive + niphal imperfect, 1st singular - and I appeared", "unto": "preposition *ʾel* - to, toward", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abraham", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Isaac", "and-unto": "conjunction + preposition *wə-ʾel* - and to", "*Yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jacob", "as": "preposition *bə* - in, as, with", "*ʾĒl Šaddāy*": "divine name/title - El Shaddai, God Almighty", "and-my-name": "conjunction + noun + 1st singular possessive suffix *û-šəmî* - and my name", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "not": "negative particle *lōʾ* - not", "*nōdaʿtî*": "niphal perfect, 1st singular - I was known/made known", "to-them": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix *lāhem* - to them" }, "variants": { "*ʾērāʾ*": "I appeared, I was seen, I revealed myself", "*ʾĒl Šaddāy*": "God Almighty, El Shaddai, God of the Mountain", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh, LORD, the divine name", "*nōdaʿtî*": "I was known, I made myself known, I was revealed" } } 4 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.4", "source": "וְגַ֨ם הֲקִמֹ֤תִי אֶת־בְּרִיתִי֙ אִתָּ֔ם לָתֵ֥ת לָהֶ֖ם אֶת־אֶ֣רֶץ כְּנָ֑עַן אֵ֛ת אֶ֥רֶץ מְגֻרֵיהֶ֖ם אֲשֶׁר־גָּ֥רוּ בָֽהּ׃", "text": "and-also *hăqîmōtî* *ʾet*-my-covenant with-them to-give to-them *ʾet*-land *Kənaʿan ʾēt* land *məḡûrêhem* which *gārû* in-it", "grammar": { "and-also": "conjunction + adverb *wə-ḡam* - and also", "*hăqîmōtî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I established", "*ʾet*-my-covenant": "direct object marker + noun + 1st singular possessive suffix *ʾet-bərîtî* - my covenant", "with-them": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix *ʾittām* - with them", "to-give": "preposition + infinitive construct *lātēt* - to give", "to-them": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix *lāhem* - to them", "*ʾet*-land": "direct object marker + noun construct *ʾet-ʾereṣ* - the land of", "*Kənaʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "land": "noun, feminine singular construct *ʾereṣ* - land of", "*məḡûrêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sojournings", "which": "relative pronoun *ʾăšer* - which, that", "*gārû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they sojourned", "in-it": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix *bāh* - in it" }, "variants": { "*hăqîmōtî*": "I established, I confirmed, I set up", "*bərîtî*": "my covenant, my agreement, my promise", "*Kənaʿan*": "Canaan, the promised land", "*məḡûrêhem*": "their sojournings, their temporary dwelling places, their alien residences", "*gārû*": "they sojourned, they lived as aliens, they resided temporarily" } } 5 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.5", "source": "וְגַ֣ם ׀ אֲנִ֣י שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי אֶֽת־נַאֲקַת֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִצְרַ֖יִם מַעֲבִדִ֣ים אֹתָ֑ם וָאֶזְכֹּ֖ר אֶת־בְּרִיתִֽי׃", "text": "and-also I *šāmaʿtî ʾet*-groaning *bənê Yiśrāʾēl* whom *Miṣrayim maʿăḇîdîm* them *wā-ʾezkōr ʾet*-my-covenant", "grammar": { "and-also": "conjunction + adverb *wə-ḡam* - and also", "I": "personal pronoun, 1st singular *ʾănî* - I", "*šāmaʿtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I heard", "*ʾet*-groaning": "direct object marker + noun construct *ʾet-naʾăqat* - the groaning of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "whom": "relative pronoun *ʾăšer* - whom, which", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt, Egyptians", "*maʿăḇîdîm*": "hiphil participle, masculine plural - enslaving, making work", "them": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix *ʾōtām* - them", "*wā-ʾezkōr*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I remembered", "*ʾet*-my-covenant": "direct object marker + noun + 1st singular possessive suffix *ʾet-bərîtî* - my covenant" }, "variants": { "*šāmaʿtî*": "I heard, I listened to, I heeded", "*naʾăqat*": "groaning, moaning, cry of distress", "*bənê Yiśrāʾēl*": "children of Israel, Israelites", "*Miṣrayim*": "Egypt, Egyptians", "*maʿăḇîdîm*": "enslaving, forcing to work, oppressing with labor", "*ʾezkōr*": "I remembered, I recalled, I took notice of", "*bərîtî*": "my covenant, my agreement, my promise" } } 6 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.6", "source": "לָכֵ֞ן אֱמֹ֥ר לִבְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֘ אֲנִ֣י יְהוָה֒ וְהוֹצֵאתִ֣י אֶתְכֶ֗ם מִתַּ֙חַת֙ סִבְלֹ֣ת מִצְרַ֔יִם וְהִצַּלְתִּ֥י אֶתְכֶ֖ם מֵעֲבֹדָתָ֑ם וְגָאַלְתִּ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ בִּזְר֣וֹעַ נְטוּיָ֔ה וּבִשְׁפָטִ֖ים גְּדֹלִֽים׃", "text": "therefore *ʾĕmōr* to-*bənê-Yiśrāʾēl* I *YHWH* and-*hôṣēʾtî* you from-under *siḇlōt Miṣrayim* and-*hiṣṣaltî* you from-*ʿăḇōdātām* and-*ḡāʾaltî* you with-*zərôaʿ nəṭûyāh* and-with-*šəp̄āṭîm gədōlîm*", "grammar": { "therefore": "adverb *lāḵēn* - therefore, for this reason", "*ʾĕmōr*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - say", "to-*bənê-Yiśrāʾēl*": "preposition + noun construct + proper noun *li-ḇnê-Yiśrāʾēl* - to the children of Israel", "I": "personal pronoun, 1st singular *ʾănî* - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "and-*hôṣēʾtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect, 1st singular - and I will bring out", "you": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix *ʾetḵem* - you", "from-under": "preposition compound *mi-taḥat* - from under", "*siḇlōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - burdens of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "and-*hiṣṣaltî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect, 1st singular - and I will deliver", "from-*ʿăḇōdātām*": "preposition + noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix *mē-ʿăḇōdātām* - from their service/slavery", "and-*ḡāʾaltî*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 1st singular - and I will redeem", "with-*zərôaʿ nəṭûyāh*": "preposition + noun + adjective *bi-zərôaʿ nəṭûyāh* - with an outstretched arm", "and-with-*šəp̄āṭîm gədōlîm*": "conjunction + preposition + noun + adjective *û-ḇi-šəp̄āṭîm gədōlîm* - and with great judgments" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕmōr*": "say, speak, tell", "*bənê-Yiśrāʾēl*": "children of Israel, Israelites", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh, LORD, the divine name", "*hôṣēʾtî*": "I will bring out, I will lead out, I will take out", "*siḇlōt*": "burdens, loads, forced labors", "*Miṣrayim*": "Egypt, Egyptians", "*hiṣṣaltî*": "I will deliver, I will rescue, I will save", "*ʿăḇōdātām*": "their service, their labor, their slavery", "*ḡāʾaltî*": "I will redeem, I will ransom, I will act as kinsman-redeemer", "*zərôaʿ nəṭûyāh*": "outstretched arm, extended power", "*šəp̄āṭîm gədōlîm*": "great judgments, mighty punishments, severe penalties" } } 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.7", "source": "וְלָקַחְתִּ֨י אֶתְכֶ֥ם לִי֙ לְעָ֔ם וְהָיִ֥יתִי לָכֶ֖ם לֵֽאלֹהִ֑ים וִֽידַעְתֶּ֗ם כִּ֣י אֲנִ֤י יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹ֣הֵיכֶ֔ם הַמּוֹצִ֣יא אֶתְכֶ֔ם מִתַּ֖חַת סִבְל֥וֹת מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "and-*lāqaḥtî* you to-me for-*ʿām* and-*hāyîtî* to-you for-*ʾĕlōhîm* and-*yədaʿtem* that I *YHWH ʾĕlōhêḵem* the-one-bringing-out you from-under *siḇlôt Miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "and-*lāqaḥtî*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 1st singular - and I will take", "you": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix *ʾetḵem* - you", "to-me": "preposition + 1st singular suffix *lî* - to me", "for-*ʿām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular *lə-ʿām* - for a people", "and-*hāyîtî*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 1st singular - and I will be", "to-you": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix *lāḵem* - to you", "for-*ʾĕlōhîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural *lē-ʾlōhîm* - for God", "and-*yədaʿtem*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you will know", "that": "conjunction *kî* - that, because", "I": "personal pronoun, 1st singular *ʾănî* - I", "*YHWH ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "divine name + noun + 2nd masculine plural suffix - Yahweh your God", "the-one-bringing-out": "definite article + hiphil participle, masculine singular *ham-môṣîʾ* - the one bringing out", "you": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix *ʾetḵem* - you", "from-under": "preposition compound *mi-taḥat* - from under", "*siḇlôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - burdens of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*lāqaḥtî*": "I will take, I will receive, I will accept", "*ʿām*": "people, nation, folk", "*hāyîtî*": "I will be, I will become, I will exist as", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God, gods, divine beings", "*yədaʿtem*": "you will know, you will recognize, you will acknowledge", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh, LORD, the divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "your God, your deity", "*ham-môṣîʾ*": "the one bringing out, the deliverer, the one who extracts", "*siḇlôt*": "burdens, loads, forced labors", "*Miṣrāyim*": "Egypt, Egyptians" } } 8 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.8", "source": "וְהֵבֵאתִ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ אֶל־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָשָׂ֙אתִי֙ אֶת־יָדִ֔י לָתֵ֣ת אֹתָ֔הּ לְאַבְרָהָ֥ם לְיִצְחָ֖ק וּֽלְיַעֲקֹ֑ב וְנָתַתִּ֨י אֹתָ֥הּ לָכֶ֛ם מוֹרָשָׁ֖ה אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "and-*hēḇēʾtî* you unto-*hā-ʾāreṣ* which *nāśāʾtî ʾet*-my-hand to-give it to-*ʾAḇrāhām* to-*Yiṣḥāq* and-to-*Yaʿăqōḇ* and-*nātattî* it to-you *môrāšāh* I *YHWH*", "grammar": { "and-*hēḇēʾtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect, 1st singular - and I will bring", "you": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix *ʾetḵem* - you", "unto-*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun *ʾel-hā-ʾāreṣ* - to the land", "which": "relative pronoun *ʾăšer* - which, that", "*nāśāʾtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I lifted up", "*ʾet*-my-hand": "direct object marker + noun + 1st singular possessive suffix *ʾet-yādî* - my hand", "to-give": "preposition + infinitive construct *lātēt* - to give", "it": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine singular suffix *ʾōtāh* - it", "to-*ʾAḇrāhām*": "preposition + proper noun *lə-ʾAḇrāhām* - to Abraham", "to-*Yiṣḥāq*": "preposition + proper noun *lə-Yiṣḥāq* - to Isaac", "and-to-*Yaʿăqōḇ*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun *û-lə-Yaʿăqōḇ* - and to Jacob", "and-*nātattî*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 1st singular - and I will give", "it": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine singular suffix *ʾōtāh* - it", "to-you": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix *lāḵem* - to you", "*môrāšāh*": "noun, feminine singular - possession, heritage", "I": "personal pronoun, 1st singular *ʾănî* - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name" }, "variants": { "*hēḇēʾtî*": "I will bring, I will lead, I will cause to enter", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "the land, the earth, the territory", "*nāśāʾtî*": "I lifted up, I raised, I swore (by raising hand)", "*yādî*": "my hand, my power, my strength", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "Abraham", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "Isaac", "*Yaʿăqōḇ*": "Jacob", "*nātattî*": "I will give, I will grant, I will bestow", "*môrāšāh*": "possession, inheritance, heritage", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh, LORD, the divine name" } } 9 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.9", "source": "וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר מֹשֶׁ֛ה כֵּ֖ן אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹ֤א שָֽׁמְעוּ֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה מִקֹּ֣צֶר ר֔וּחַ וּמֵעֲבֹדָ֖ה קָשָֽׁה׃", "text": "*wə-yədabbēr Mōšeh* so unto-*bənê Yiśrāʾēl* and-not *šāməʿû* unto-*Mōšeh* from-*qōṣer rûaḥ* and-from-*ʿăḇōdāh qāšāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yədabbēr*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he spoke", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses", "so": "adverb *kēn* - thus, so", "unto-*bənê Yiśrāʾēl*": "preposition + noun construct + proper noun *ʾel-bənê Yiśrāʾēl* - to the children of Israel", "and-not": "conjunction + negative particle *wə-lōʾ* - and not", "*šāməʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they listened", "unto-*Mōšeh*": "preposition + proper noun *ʾel-Mōšeh* - to Moses", "from-*qōṣer rûaḥ*": "preposition + noun construct + noun *miq-qōṣer rûaḥ* - from shortness of spirit", "and-from-*ʿăḇōdāh qāšāh*": "conjunction + preposition + noun + adjective *û-mē-ʿăḇōdāh qāšāh* - and from hard service" }, "variants": { "*yədabbēr*": "spoke, talked, declared", "*Mōšeh*": "Moses", "*bənê Yiśrāʾēl*": "children of Israel, Israelites", "*šāməʿû*": "they listened, they heard, they heeded", "*qōṣer rûaḥ*": "shortness of breath/spirit, impatience, anguish of spirit", "*ʿăḇōdāh qāšāh*": "hard service, cruel bondage, harsh slavery" } } 10 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.10", "source": "וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃", "text": "*wə-yədabbēr YHWH* unto-*Mōšeh lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*wə-yədabbēr*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "unto-*Mōšeh*": "preposition + proper noun *ʾel-Mōšeh* - to Moses", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*yədabbēr*": "spoke, talked, addressed", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh, LORD, the divine name", "*Mōšeh*": "Moses", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying, to say, telling" } } 11 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.11", "source": "בֹּ֣א דַבֵּ֔ר אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרָ֑יִם וִֽישַׁלַּ֥ח אֶת־בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵאַרְצֽוֹ׃", "text": "*bōʾ dabbēr* unto-*parʿōh melek Miṣrāyim* and-*yəšallaḥ ʾet-bənê-Yiśrāʾēl* from-*ʾarṣô*", "grammar": { "*bōʾ*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - go, come", "*dabbēr*": "piel imperative, masculine singular - speak", "unto-*parʿōh*": "preposition + proper noun *ʾel-parʿōh* - to Pharaoh", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "and-*yəšallaḥ*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular jussive - that he may send away", "*ʾet-bənê-Yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker + noun construct + proper noun - the children of Israel", "from-*ʾarṣô*": "preposition + noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix *mē-ʾarṣô* - from his land" }, "variants": { "*bōʾ*": "go, come, enter", "*dabbēr*": "speak, tell, command", "*parʿōh*": "Pharaoh", "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign", "*Miṣrāyim*": "Egypt, Egyptians", "*yəšallaḥ*": "he may send away, he may let go, he may release", "*bənê-Yiśrāʾēl*": "children of Israel, Israelites", "*ʾarṣô*": "his land, his country, his territory" } } 12 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.12", "source": "וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר מֹשֶׁ֔ה לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר הֵ֤ן בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לֹֽא־שָׁמְע֣וּ אֵלַ֔י וְאֵיךְ֙ יִשְׁמָעֵ֣נִי פַרְעֹ֔ה וַאֲנִ֖י עֲרַ֥ל שְׂפָתָֽיִם׃", "text": "*wə-yədabbēr Mōšeh* before *YHWH lēʾmōr hēn bənê-Yiśrāʾēl* not-*šāməʿû* unto-me and-how *yišmāʿēnî parʿōh* and-I *ʿăral śəp̄ātāyim*", "grammar": { "*wə-yədabbēr*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he spoke", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses", "before": "preposition *lip̄nê* - before, in the presence of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hēn*": "interjection - behold, see", "*bənê-Yiśrāʾēl*": "noun construct + proper noun - children of Israel", "not-*šāməʿû*": "negative particle + qal perfect, 3rd plural - have not listened", "unto-me": "preposition + 1st singular suffix *ʾēlay* - to me", "and-how": "conjunction + interrogative *wə-ʾêk* - and how", "*yišmāʿēnî*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - will listen to me", "*parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "and-I": "conjunction + personal pronoun *wa-ʾănî* - and I", "*ʿăral śəp̄ātāyim*": "adjective construct + noun dual - uncircumcised of lips" }, "variants": { "*yədabbēr*": "spoke, said, addressed", "*Mōšeh*": "Moses", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh, LORD, the divine name", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying, to say, telling", "*hēn*": "behold, look, see", "*bənê-Yiśrāʾēl*": "children of Israel, Israelites", "*šāməʿû*": "they listened, they heard, they heeded", "*yišmāʿēnî*": "will listen to me, will hear me, will heed me", "*parʿōh*": "Pharaoh", "*ʿăral śəp̄ātāyim*": "uncircumcised of lips, having impeded speech, unskilled in speech" } } 13 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.13", "source": "וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר יְהוָה֮ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְאֶֽל־אַהֲרֹן֒ וַיְצַוֵּם֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאֶל־פַּרְעֹ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרָ֑יִם לְהוֹצִ֥יא אֶת־בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "*wə-yədabbēr YHWH* unto-*Mōšeh* and-unto-*ʾAhărōn wə-yəṣawwēm* unto-*bənê Yiśrāʾēl* and-unto-*parʿōh melek Miṣrāyim* to-bring-out *ʾet-bənê-Yiśrāʾēl* from-*ʾereṣ Miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*wə-yədabbēr*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "unto-*Mōšeh*": "preposition + proper noun *ʾel-Mōšeh* - to Moses", "and-unto-*ʾAhărōn*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun *wə-ʾel-ʾAhărōn* - and to Aaron", "*wə-yəṣawwēm*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he commanded them", "unto-*bənê Yiśrāʾēl*": "preposition + noun construct + proper noun *ʾel-bənê Yiśrāʾēl* - to the children of Israel", "and-unto-*parʿōh*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun *wə-ʾel-parʿōh* - and to Pharaoh", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "to-bring-out": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct *lə-hôṣîʾ* - to bring out", "*ʾet-bənê-Yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker + noun construct + proper noun - the children of Israel", "from-*ʾereṣ Miṣrāyim*": "preposition + noun construct + proper noun *mē-ʾereṣ Miṣrāyim* - from the land of Egypt" }, "variants": { "*yədabbēr*": "spoke, talked, addressed", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh, LORD, the divine name", "*Mōšeh*": "Moses", "*ʾAhărōn*": "Aaron", "*yəṣawwēm*": "he commanded them, he charged them, he ordered them", "*bənê Yiśrāʾēl*": "children of Israel, Israelites", "*parʿōh*": "Pharaoh", "*melek*": "king, ruler, sovereign", "*Miṣrāyim*": "Egypt, Egyptians", "*lə-hôṣîʾ*": "to bring out, to lead out, to take out", "*ʾereṣ Miṣrāyim*": "land of Egypt, territory of Egypt" } } 14 { "verseID": "Exodus.6.14", "source": "אֵ֖לֶּה רָאשֵׁ֣י בֵית־אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּנֵ֨י רְאוּבֵ֜ן בְּכֹ֣ר יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל חֲנ֤וֹךְ וּפַלּוּא֙ חֶצְר֣וֹן וְכַרְמִ֔י אֵ֖לֶּה מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת רְאוּבֵֽן׃", "text": "these *rāʾšê bêt-ʾăḇōtām bənê Rəʾûḇēn bəḵōr Yiśrāʾēl Ḥănôḵ û-Pallûʾ Ḥeṣrôn wə-Ḵarmî* these *mišpəḥōt Rəʾûḇēn*", "grammar": { "these": "demonstrative pronoun *ʾēlleh* - these", "*rāʾšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - heads of", "*bêt-ʾăḇōtām*": "noun construct + noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - house of their fathers", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Rəʾûḇēn*": "proper noun - Reuben", "*bəḵōr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - firstborn of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*Ḥănôḵ*": "proper noun - Hanoch", "*û-Pallûʾ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Pallu", "*Ḥeṣrôn*": "proper noun - Hezron", "*wə-Ḵarmî*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Carmi", "these": "demonstrative pronoun *ʾēlleh* - these", "*mišpəḥōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - families of", "*Rəʾûḇēn*": "proper noun - Reuben" }, "variants": { "*rāʾšê*": "heads, chiefs, leaders", "*bêt-ʾăḇōtām*": "house of their fathers, ancestral house, patriarchal family", "*bənê*": "sons, children, descendants", "*Rəʾûḇēn*": "Reuben", "*bəḵōr*": "firstborn, first son, eldest", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel, Jacob", "*Ḥănôḵ*": "Hanoch, Enoch", "*Pallûʾ*": "Pallu", "*Ḥeṣrôn*": "Hezron", "*Ḵarmî*": "Carmi", "*mišpəḥōt*": "families, clans, kindreds" } }
• Exod 13:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Exodus.13.14", "source": "וְהָיָ֞ה כִּֽי־יִשְׁאָלְךָ֥ בִנְךָ֛ מָחָ֖ר לֵאמֹ֣ר מַה־זֹּ֑את וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֵלָ֔יו בְּחֹ֣זֶק יָ֗ד הוֹצִיאָ֧נוּ יְהוָ֛ה מִמִּצְרַ֖יִם מִבֵּ֥ית עֲבָדִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-hāyāh* *kî*-*yišʾālkā* *binkā* *māḥār* *lēʾmōr* *mah*-*zōʾt* *wə-ʾāmartā* *ʾēlāw* *bə-ḥōzeq* *yād* *hôṣîʾānû* *YHWH* *mi-Miṣrayim* *mi-bêt* *ʿăbādîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it shall be", "*kî*": "conjunction - when", "*yišʾālkā*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - he asks you", "*binkā*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your son", "*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow/in time to come", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*mah*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*zōʾt*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - this", "*wə-ʾāmartā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall say", "*ʾēlāw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*bə-ḥōzeq*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - with strength of", "*yād*": "noun, feminine singular - hand", "*hôṣîʾānû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 1st common plural suffix - he brought us out", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*mi-Miṣrayim*": "preposition + proper noun - from Egypt", "*mi-bêt*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from house of", "*ʿăbādîm*": "noun, masculine plural - slaves/servants" }, "variants": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "and it shall be/and it will happen/and it will come to pass", "*māḥār*": "tomorrow/in time to come/in the future", "*mah-zōʾt*": "what is this/what does this mean", "*bə-ḥōzeq yād*": "with strength of hand/with a mighty hand/with power", "*bêt ʿăbādîm*": "house of slaves/house of bondage/slave quarters" } }
• Exod 13:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Exodus.13.16", "source": "וְהָיָ֤ה לְאוֹת֙ עַל־יָ֣דְכָ֔ה וּלְטוֹטָפֹ֖ת בֵּ֣ין עֵינֶ֑יךָ כִּ֚י בְּחֹ֣זֶק יָ֔ד הוֹצִיאָ֥נוּ יְהוָ֖ה מִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃ ס", "text": "*wə-hāyāh* *lə-ʾôt* *ʿal*-*yādəkāh* *û-lə-ṭôṭāpōt* *bên* *ʿênêkā* *kî* *bə-ḥōzeq* *yād* *hôṣîʾānû* *YHWH* *mi-Miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it shall be", "*lə-ʾôt*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - as a sign", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*yādəkāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix (paragogic he) - your hand", "*û-lə-ṭôṭāpōt*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine plural - and as frontlets", "*bên*": "preposition - between", "*ʿênêkā*": "noun, feminine dual construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*bə-ḥōzeq*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - with strength of", "*yād*": "noun, feminine singular - hand", "*hôṣîʾānû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 1st common plural suffix - he brought us out", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*mi-Miṣrāyim*": "preposition + proper noun - from Egypt" }, "variants": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "and it shall be/and it will happen/and it will come to pass", "*ʾôt*": "sign/mark/symbol", "*ṭôṭāpōt*": "frontlets/phylacteries/symbols between the eyes", "*bə-ḥōzeq yād*": "with strength of hand/with a mighty hand/with power" } }
• Exod 15:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.1", "source": "אָ֣ז יָשִֽׁיר־מֹשֶׁה֩ וּבְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶת־הַשִּׁירָ֤ה הַזֹּאת֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ לֵאמֹ֑ר אָשִׁ֤ירָה לֽ͏ַיהוָה֙ כִּֽי־גָאֹ֣ה גָּאָ֔ה ס֥וּס וְרֹכְב֖וֹ רָמָ֥ה בַיָּֽם׃", "text": "*ʾāz* *yāšîr*-*Mōšeh* *ūḇənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʾet*-*haššîrāh* *hazzōʾt* *la-YHWH* *wayyōʾmərū* *lēʾmōr* *ʾāšîrāh* *la-YHWH* *kî*-*ḡāʾōh* *gāʾāh* *sūs* *wərōḵəbô* *rāmāh* *bayyām*", "grammar": { "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then, at that time", "*yāšîr*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will sing", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses", "*ūḇənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and the sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*haššîrāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the song", "*hazzōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + divine name - to/for YHWH", "*wayyōʾmərū*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʾāšîrāh*": "qal imperfect 1st singular cohortative - I will sing", "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*ḡāʾōh*": "infinitive absolute - exalting", "*gāʾāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has exalted", "*sūs*": "noun, masculine singular - horse", "*wərōḵəbô*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and its rider", "*rāmāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has thrown", "*bayyām*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - into the sea" }, "variants": { "*yāšîr*": "sang/will sing/began to sing", "*ʾāšîrāh*": "I will sing/let me sing", "*ḡāʾōh gāʾāh*": "he is highly exalted/he has triumphed gloriously/surpassingly proud", "*rāmāh*": "hurled/threw/cast" } } 2 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.2", "source": "עָזִּ֤י וְזִמְרָת֙ יָ֔הּ וַֽיְהִי־לִ֖י לִֽישׁוּעָ֑ה זֶ֤ה אֵלִי֙ וְאַנְוֵ֔הוּ אֱלֹהֵ֥י אָבִ֖י וַאֲרֹמְמֶֽנְהוּ׃", "text": "*ʿāzzî* *wəzimrāt* *Yāh* *wayəhî*-*lî* *lîšūʿāh* *zeh* *ʾēlî* *wəʾanwēhū* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾāḇî* *waʾărōməmenhū*", "grammar": { "*ʿāzzî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my strength", "*wəzimrāt*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and song of", "*Yāh*": "divine name, shortened form of YHWH - Yah", "*wayəhî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he became", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to/for me", "*lîšūʿāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - for salvation", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*ʾēlî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my God", "*wəʾanwēhū*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 1st singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and I will glorify him", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾāḇî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my father", "*waʾărōməmenhū*": "conjunction + polel imperfect 1st singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and I will exalt him" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzzî*": "my strength/my power/my refuge", "*zimrāt*": "song/music/praise", "*wayəhî-lî lîšūʿāh*": "he has become my salvation/he is my deliverance", "*wəʾanwēhū*": "I will glorify him/I will adorn him/I will prepare him a habitation/I will praise him" } } 3 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.3", "source": "יְהוָ֖ה אִ֣ישׁ מִלְחָמָ֑ה יְהוָ֖ה שְׁמֽוֹ׃", "text": "*YHWH* *ʾîš* *milḥāmāh* *YHWH* *šəmô*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*milḥāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - war/battle", "*šəmô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš milḥāmāh*": "warrior/man of war/battle-ready" } } 4 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.4", "source": "מַרְכְּבֹ֥ת פַּרְעֹ֛ה וְחֵיל֖וֹ יָרָ֣ה בַיָּ֑ם וּמִבְחַ֥ר שָֽׁלִשָׁ֖יו טֻבְּע֥וּ בְיַם־סֽוּף׃", "text": "*markəḇōt* *Parʿōh* *wəḥêlô* *yārāh* *bayyām* *ūmiḇḥar* *šālišāyw* *ṭubbəʿū* *ḇəyam*-*sūp̄*", "grammar": { "*markəḇōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - chariots of", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*wəḥêlô*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his army", "*yārāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he cast", "*bayyām*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - into the sea", "*ūmiḇḥar*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and the choice/elite of", "*šālišāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his officers/captains", "*ṭubbəʿū*": "pual perfect 3rd common plural - they were drowned", "*ḇəyam*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the sea of", "*sūp̄*": "proper noun - Reed/Red Sea (lit: 'sea of reeds')" }, "variants": { "*šālišāyw*": "his officers/his captains/his third-rank officers/his best warriors", "*ṭubbəʿū*": "were sunk/were drowned/were plunged", "*yam-sūp̄*": "Reed Sea/Red Sea/Sea of Reeds" } } 5 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.5", "source": "תְּהֹמֹ֖ת יְכַסְיֻ֑מוּ יָרְד֥וּ בִמְצוֹלֹ֖ת כְּמוֹ־אָֽבֶן׃", "text": "*təhōmōt* *yəḵasyumū* *yārədū* *ḇimṣôlōt* *kəmô*-*ʾāḇen*", "grammar": { "*təhōmōt*": "noun, feminine plural - depths/deep waters", "*yəḵasyumū*": "piel imperfect 3rd plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - they covered them", "*yārədū*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they went down", "*ḇimṣôlōt*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - into the depths", "*kəmô*": "preposition - like", "*ʾāḇen*": "noun, feminine singular - stone" }, "variants": { "*təhōmōt*": "depths/deep waters/primeval ocean/the deep", "*yəḵasyumū*": "covered them/overwhelmed them" } } 6 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.6", "source": "יְמִֽינְךָ֣ יְהוָ֔ה נֶאְדָּרִ֖י בַּכֹּ֑חַ יְמִֽינְךָ֥ יְהוָ֖ה תִּרְעַ֥ץ אוֹיֵֽב׃", "text": "*yəmînḵā* *YHWH* *neʾdārî* *bakkōaḥ* *yəmînḵā* *YHWH* *tirʿaṣ* *ʾôyēḇ*", "grammar": { "*yəmînḵā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your right hand", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*neʾdārî*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - glorious/majestic", "*bakkōaḥ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in power", "*tirʿaṣ*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it shatters", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - enemy" }, "variants": { "*neʾdārî*": "glorious/majestic/magnificent", "*tirʿaṣ*": "shatters/crushes/dashes to pieces" } } 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.7", "source": "וּבְרֹ֥ב גְּאוֹנְךָ֖ תַּהֲרֹ֣ס קָמֶ֑יךָ תְּשַׁלַּח֙ חֲרֹ֣נְךָ֔ יֹאכְלֵ֖מוֹ כַּקַּֽשׁ׃", "text": "*ūḇərōḇ* *gəʾônḵā* *taharōs* *qāmeḵā* *təšallaḥ* *ḥărōnḵā* *yōḵlēmô* *kaqqaš*", "grammar": { "*ūḇərōḇ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - and in greatness of", "*gəʾônḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your excellency/majesty", "*taharōs*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you break down", "*qāmeḵā*": "qal participle, masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - those who rise against you", "*təšallaḥ*": "piel imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you send forth", "*ḥărōnḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your burning anger", "*yōḵlēmô*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it consumes them", "*kaqqaš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - like stubble" }, "variants": { "*gəʾônḵā*": "your excellency/your majesty/your triumph", "*qāmeḵā*": "those who rise against you/your adversaries/your opponents", "*ḥărōnḵā*": "your burning anger/your fierce wrath/your hot displeasure" } } 8 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.8", "source": "וּבְר֤וּחַ אַפֶּ֙יךָ֙ נֶ֣עֶרְמוּ מַ֔יִם נִצְּב֥וּ כְמוֹ־נֵ֖ד נֹזְלִ֑ים קָֽפְא֥וּ תְהֹמֹ֖ת בְּלֶב־יָֽם׃", "text": "*ūḇərūaḥ* *ʾappeḵā* *neʿermū* *mayim* *niṣṣəḇū* *ḵəmô*-*nēḏ* *nōzəlîm* *qāp̄əʾū* *təhōmōt* *bəleḇ*-*yām*", "grammar": { "*ūḇərūaḥ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and by the breath of", "*ʾappeḵā*": "noun, masculine dual + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your nostrils", "*neʿermū*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they were heaped up", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*niṣṣəḇū*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they stood up", "*ḵəmô*": "preposition - like", "*nēḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - heap", "*nōzəlîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - flowing ones", "*qāp̄əʾū*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they congealed/froze", "*təhōmōt*": "noun, feminine plural - depths/deep waters", "*bəleḇ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the heart of", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea" }, "variants": { "*rūaḥ*": "breath/wind/spirit", "*ʾappeḵā*": "your nostrils/your nose/your anger", "*neʿermū*": "were heaped up/were piled up/gathered together", "*nēḏ*": "heap/mound/wall", "*nōzəlîm*": "flowing ones/currents/streams", "*qāp̄əʾū*": "congealed/froze/solidified", "*təhōmōt*": "depths/deep waters/the deep" } } 9 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.9", "source": "אָמַ֥ר אוֹיֵ֛ב אֶרְדֹּ֥ף אַשִּׂ֖יג אֲחַלֵּ֣ק שָׁלָ֑ל תִּמְלָאֵ֣מוֹ נַפְשִׁ֔י אָרִ֣יק חַרְבִּ֔י תּוֹרִישֵׁ֖מוֹ יָדִֽי׃", "text": "*ʾāmar* *ʾôyēḇ* *ʾerdōp̄* *ʾaśśîḡ* *ʾăḥallēq* *šālāl* *timləʾēmô* *nap̄šî* *ʾārîq* *ḥarbî* *tôrîšēmô* *yāḏî*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - enemy", "*ʾerdōp̄*": "qal imperfect 1st singular - I will pursue", "*ʾaśśîḡ*": "hiphil imperfect 1st singular - I will overtake", "*ʾăḥallēq*": "piel imperfect 1st singular - I will divide", "*šālāl*": "noun, masculine singular - spoil/plunder", "*timləʾēmô*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it will be full of them", "*nap̄šî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my soul/desire", "*ʾārîq*": "hiphil imperfect 1st singular - I will draw out", "*ḥarbî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my sword", "*tôrîšēmô*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it will dispossess them", "*yāḏî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my hand" }, "variants": { "*ʾôyēḇ*": "enemy/foe/adversary", "*nap̄šî*": "my soul/my desire/my appetite", "*tôrîšēmô*": "will dispossess them/will destroy them/will drive them out" } } 10 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.10", "source": "נָשַׁ֥פְתָּ בְרוּחֲךָ֖ כִּסָּ֣מוֹ יָ֑ם צָֽלֲלוּ֙ כַּֽעוֹפֶ֔רֶת בְּמַ֖יִם אַדִּירִֽים׃", "text": "*nāšap̄tā* *ḇərūḥăḵā* *kissāmô* *yām* *ṣāˀlălū* *kaˁôp̄eret* *bəmayim* *ʾaddîrîm*", "grammar": { "*nāšap̄tā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you blew", "*ḇərūḥăḵā*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with your wind", "*kissāmô*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it covered them", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea", "*ṣāˀlălū*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they sank", "*kaˁôp̄eret*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - like lead", "*bəmayim*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - in waters", "*ʾaddîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - mighty" }, "variants": { "*nāšap̄tā*": "you blew/you breathed", "*rūḥăḵā*": "your wind/your breath/your spirit", "*ṣāˀlălū*": "they sank/they plunged/they went down" } } 11 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.11", "source": "מִֽי־כָמֹ֤כָה בָּֽאֵלִם֙ יְהוָ֔ה מִ֥י כָּמֹ֖כָה נֶאְדָּ֣ר בַּקֹּ֑דֶשׁ נוֹרָ֥א תְהִלֹּ֖ת עֹ֥שֵׂה פֶֽלֶא׃", "text": "*mî*-*ḵāmōḵāh* *bāʾēlim* *YHWH* *mî* *kāmōḵāh* *neʾdār* *baqqōḏeš* *nôrāʾ* *təhillōt* *ʿōśēh* *p̄eleʾ*", "grammar": { "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*ḵāmōḵāh*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - like you", "*bāʾēlim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - among the gods", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*neʾdār*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - glorious", "*baqqōḏeš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in holiness", "*nôrāʾ*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - fearful/awesome", "*təhillōt*": "noun, feminine plural - praises", "*ʿōśēh*": "qal participle, masculine singular - doing", "*p̄eleʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - wonder/miracle" }, "variants": { "*ʾēlim*": "gods/mighty ones/divine beings", "*neʾdār*": "glorious/majestic/magnificent", "*baqqōḏeš*": "in holiness/in the sanctuary/in sacredness", "*nôrāʾ*": "fearful/awesome/terrible" } } 12 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.12", "source": "נָטִ֙יתָ֙ יְמִ֣ינְךָ֔ תִּבְלָעֵ֖מוֹ אָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*nāṭîtā* *yəmînḵā* *tiḇlāʿēmô* *ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*nāṭîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you stretched out", "*yəmînḵā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your right hand", "*tiḇlāʿēmô*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it swallows them", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*nāṭîtā*": "you stretched out/you extended", "*tiḇlāʿēmô*": "swallows them/engulfs them/consumes them", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground" } } 13 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.13", "source": "נָחִ֥יתָ בְחַסְדְּךָ֖ עַם־ז֣וּ גָּאָ֑לְתָּ נֵהַ֥לְתָּ בְעָזְּךָ֖ אֶל־נְוֵ֥ה קָדְשֶֽׁךָ׃", "text": "*nāḥîtā* *ḇəḥasdəḵā* *ʿam*-*zū* *gāʾāltā* *nēhaltā* *ḇəʿāzzəḵā* *ʾel*-*nəwēh* *qāḏšeḵā*", "grammar": { "*nāḥîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you led", "*ḇəḥasdəḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your steadfast love", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*zū*": "demonstrative pronoun - this", "*gāʾāltā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you redeemed", "*nēhaltā*": "piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you guided", "*ḇəʿāzzəḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your strength", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*nəwēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - dwelling place of", "*qāḏšeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your holiness" }, "variants": { "*ḥesed*": "steadfast love/lovingkindness/mercy", "*gāʾāltā*": "you redeemed/you ransomed", "*nēhaltā*": "you guided/you led/you conducted", "*nəwēh qāḏšeḵā*": "your holy habitation/your holy dwelling/your holy abode" } } 14 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.14", "source": "שָֽׁמְע֥וּ עַמִּ֖ים יִרְגָּז֑וּן חִ֣יל אָחַ֔ז יֹשְׁבֵ֖י פְּלָֽשֶׁת׃", "text": "*šāməʿū* *ʿammîm* *yirgāzūn* *ḥîl* *ʾāḥaz* *yōšəḇê* *pəlāšet*", "grammar": { "*šāməʿū*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they heard", "*ʿammîm*": "noun, masculine plural - peoples", "*yirgāzūn*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural + paragogic nun - they tremble", "*ḥîl*": "noun, masculine singular - anguish", "*ʾāḥaz*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it seized", "*yōšəḇê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*pəlāšet*": "proper noun - Philistia" }, "variants": { "*yirgāzūn*": "they tremble/they are agitated/they are in anguish", "*ḥîl*": "anguish/pain/trembling", "*ʾāḥaz*": "seized/gripped/took hold of" } } 15 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.15", "source": "אָ֤ז נִבְהֲלוּ֙ אַלּוּפֵ֣י אֱד֔וֹם אֵילֵ֣י מוֹאָ֔ב יֹֽאחֲזֵ֖מוֹ רָ֑עַד נָמֹ֕גוּ כֹּ֖ל יֹשְׁבֵ֥י כְנָֽעַן׃", "text": "*ʾāz* *niḇhălū* *ʾallūp̄ê* *ʾĕḏôm* *ʾêlê* *môʾāḇ* *yōʾḥăzēmô* *rāʿaḏ* *nāmōḡū* *kōl* *yōšəḇê* *ḵənāʿan*", "grammar": { "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*niḇhălū*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they were dismayed", "*ʾallūp̄ê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chiefs of", "*ʾĕḏôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*ʾêlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - leaders/rams of", "*môʾāḇ*": "proper noun - Moab", "*yōʾḥăzēmô*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it seizes them", "*rāʿaḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - trembling", "*nāmōḡū*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they melted", "*kōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*yōšəḇê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*ḵənāʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan" }, "variants": { "*niḇhălū*": "were dismayed/were terrified/were troubled", "*ʾallūp̄ê*": "chiefs/lords/captains", "*ʾêlê*": "rams/leaders/mighty ones", "*yōʾḥăzēmô*": "seizes them/grips them/takes hold of them", "*nāmōḡū*": "melted/dissolved/fainted" } } 16 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.16", "source": "תִּפֹּ֨ל עֲלֵיהֶ֤ם אֵימָ֙תָה֙ וָפַ֔חַד בִּגְדֹ֥ל זְרוֹעֲךָ֖ יִדְּמ֣וּ כָּאָ֑בֶן עַד־יַעֲבֹ֤ר עַמְּךָ֙ יְהוָ֔ה עַֽד־יַעֲבֹ֖ר עַם־ז֥וּ קָנִֽיתָ׃", "text": "*tippōl* *ʿălêhem* *ʾêmātāh* *wāp̄aḥaḏ* *biḡḏōl* *zərôʿăḵā* *yiddəmū* *kāʾāḇen* *ʿaḏ*-*yaʿăḇōr* *ʿamməḵā* *YHWH* *ʿaḏ*-*yaʿăḇōr* *ʿam*-*zū* *qānîtā*", "grammar": { "*tippōl*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will fall", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them", "*ʾêmātāh*": "noun, feminine singular - terror/dread", "*wāp̄aḥaḏ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and fear", "*biḡḏōl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - by greatness of", "*zərôʿăḵā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your arm", "*yiddəmū*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will be silent", "*kāʾāḇen*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - like the stone", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until", "*yaʿăḇōr*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he passes over", "*ʿamməḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your people", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*zū*": "demonstrative pronoun - this", "*qānîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you acquired" }, "variants": { "*ʾêmātāh*": "terror/dread/fear", "*zərôʿăḵā*": "your arm/your power/your strength", "*yiddəmū*": "be silent/be still/be motionless", "*qānîtā*": "you acquired/you purchased/you redeemed" } } 17 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.17", "source": "תְּבִאֵ֗מוֹ וְתִטָּעֵ֙מוֹ֙ בְּהַ֣ר נַחֲלָֽתְךָ֔ מָכ֧וֹן לְשִׁבְתְּךָ֛ פָּעַ֖לְתָּ יְהוָ֑ה מִקְּדָ֕שׁ אֲדֹנָ֖י כּוֹנְנ֥וּ יָדֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*təḇiʾēmô* *wətiṭṭāʿēmô* *bəhar* *naḥălātəḵā* *māḵôn* *ləšiḇtəḵā* *pāʿaltā* *YHWH* *miqqəḏāš* *ʾăḏōnāy* *kônənū* *yāḏeḵā*", "grammar": { "*təḇiʾēmô*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - you will bring them", "*wətiṭṭāʿēmô*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and you will plant them", "*bəhar*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in mountain of", "*naḥălātəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your inheritance", "*māḵôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - established place of", "*ləšiḇtəḵā*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - for your dwelling", "*pāʿaltā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you made", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*miqqəḏāš*": "noun, masculine singular - sanctuary", "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st common plural suffix - my Lord", "*kônənū*": "polel perfect 3rd common plural - they established", "*yāḏeḵā*": "noun, feminine dual + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hands" }, "variants": { "*təḇiʾēmô*": "you will bring them/you will lead them in", "*wətiṭṭāʿēmô*": "and you will plant them/and you will establish them", "*naḥălātəḵā*": "your inheritance/your possession/your heritage", "*māḵôn ləšiḇtəḵā*": "place for your dwelling/fixed place for you to sit/foundation for your throne", "*miqqəḏāš*": "sanctuary/holy place/temple" } } 18 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.18", "source": "יְהוָ֥ה ׀ יִמְלֹ֖ךְ לְעֹלָ֥ם וָעֶֽד׃", "text": "*YHWH* *yimlōḵ* *ləʿōlām* *wāʿeḏ*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*yimlōḵ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will reign", "*ləʿōlām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - forever", "*wāʿeḏ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and ever" }, "variants": { "*yimlōḵ*": "will reign/will rule/will be king", "*ləʿōlām wāʿeḏ*": "forever and ever/for eternity/for all time" } } 19 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.19", "source": "כִּ֣י בָא֩ ס֨וּס פַּרְעֹ֜ה בְּרִכְבּ֤וֹ וּבְפָרָשָׁיו֙ בַּיָּ֔ם וַיָּ֧שֶׁב יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵהֶ֖ם אֶת־מֵ֣י הַיָּ֑ם וּבְנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל הָלְכ֥וּ בַיַּבָּשָׁ֖ה בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּֽם׃", "text": "*kî* *ḇāʾ* *sūs* *Parʿōh* *bəriḵbô* *ūḇəp̄ārāšāyw* *bayyām* *wayyāšeḇ* *YHWH* *ʿălēhem* *ʾet*-*mê* *hayyām* *ūḇənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *hāləḵū* *bayyabbāšāh* *bətôḵ* *hayyām*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for, when", "*ḇāʾ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he came", "*sūs*": "noun, masculine singular construct - horse of", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*bəriḵbô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - with his chariot", "*ūḇəp̄ārāšāyw*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and with his horsemen", "*bayyām*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - into the sea", "*wayyāšeḇ*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he caused to return", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*ʿălēhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*mê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - waters of", "*hayyām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the sea", "*ūḇənê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and the sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hāləḵū*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they walked", "*bayyabbāšāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - on the dry land", "*bətôḵ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the midst of", "*hayyām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the sea" }, "variants": { "*wayyāšeḇ*": "caused to return/brought back/returned", "*yabbāšāh*": "dry land/dry ground" } } 20 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.20", "source": "וַתִּקַּח֩ מִרְיָ֨ם הַנְּבִיאָ֜ה אֲח֧וֹת אַהֲרֹ֛ן אֶת־הַתֹּ֖ף בְּיָדָ֑הּ וַתֵּצֶ֤אןָ כָֽל־הַנָּשִׁים֙ אַחֲרֶ֔יהָ בְּתֻפִּ֖ים וּבִמְחֹלֹֽת׃", "text": "*wattiqqaḥ* *Miryām* *hannəḇîʾāh* *ʾăḥôt* *ʾAhărōn* *ʾet*-*hattōp̄* *bəyāḏāh* *wattēṣeʾnā* *ḵāl*-*hannāšîm* *ʾaḥăreyhā* *bətuppîm* *ūḇimḥōlōt*", "grammar": { "*wattiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she took", "*Miryām*": "proper noun - Miriam", "*hannəḇîʾāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the prophetess", "*ʾăḥôt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - sister of", "*ʾAhărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hattōp̄*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the tambourine", "*bəyāḏāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her hand", "*wattēṣeʾnā*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd feminine plural - and they went out", "*ḵāl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*hannāšîm*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the women", "*ʾaḥăreyhā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - after her", "*bətuppîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - with tambourines", "*ūḇimḥōlōt*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine plural - and with dances" }, "variants": { "*nəḇîʾāh*": "prophetess/female prophet", "*tōp̄*": "tambourine/timbrel/hand-drum", "*məḥōlōt*": "dances/dancing/dance-circles" } } 21 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.21", "source": "וַתַּ֥עַן לָהֶ֖ם מִרְיָ֑ם שִׁ֤ירוּ לַֽיהוָה֙ כִּֽי־גָאֹ֣ה גָּאָ֔ה ס֥וּס וְרֹכְב֖וֹ רָמָ֥ה בַיָּֽם׃", "text": "*wattaʿan* *lāhem* *Miryām* *šîrū* *la-YHWH* *kî*-*ḡāʾōh* *gāʾāh* *sūs* *wərōḵəḇô* *rāmāh* *bayyām*", "grammar": { "*wattaʿan*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she answered", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*Miryām*": "proper noun - Miriam", "*šîrū*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - sing", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + divine name - to YHWH", "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*ḡāʾōh*": "infinitive absolute - exalting", "*gāʾāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has exalted", "*sūs*": "noun, masculine singular - horse", "*wərōḵəḇô*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and its rider", "*rāmāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has thrown", "*bayyām*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - into the sea" }, "variants": { "*wattaʿan*": "answered/responded/sang", "*ḡāʾōh gāʾāh*": "highly exalted/gloriously triumphed", "*rāmāh*": "thrown/hurled/cast" } }
• Exod 18:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Exodus.18.11", "source": "עַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתִּי כִּֽי־גָד֥וֹל יְהוָ֖ה מִכָּל־הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כִּ֣י בַדָּבָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר זָד֖וּ עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Now *yādaʿtî* that-*gādôl* *YHWH* from-all-*hāʾĕlōhîm* for in-*haddābār* which *zādû* against-them", "grammar": { "*yādaʿtî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I know", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the gods/divine beings", "*haddābār*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the thing/matter", "*zādû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they acted presumptuously/proudly" }, "variants": { "*gādôl*": "great/greater/greatest", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "the gods/divine beings/mighty ones", "*haddābār*": "the matter/thing/affair", "*zādû*": "they acted presumptuously/acted proudly/were arrogant/dealt arrogantly" } }
• Deut 4:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.20", "source": "וְאֶתְכֶם֙ לָקַ֣ח יְהוָ֔ה וַיּוֹצִ֥א אֶתְכֶ֛ם מִכּ֥וּר הַבַּרְזֶ֖ל מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם לִהְי֥וֹת ל֛וֹ לְעַ֥ם נַחֲלָ֖ה כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "*wə-ʾetkem lāqaḥ YHWH wa-yyôṣîʾ ʾetkem mi-kkûr ha-barzel mi-mmiṣrāyim li-hyôt lô lə-ʿam naḥălāh ka-yyôm ha-zzeh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾetkem*": "conjunction + direct object marker with 2nd masculine plural suffix - and you", "*lāqaḥ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - took", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*wa-yyôṣîʾ*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and brought out", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*mi-kkûr*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - from furnace of", "*ha-barzel*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the iron", "*mi-mmiṣrāyim*": "preposition + proper noun - from Egypt", "*li-hyôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to be", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*lə-ʿam*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - for a people of", "*naḥălāh*": "feminine singular noun - inheritance", "*ka-yyôm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - as the day", "*ha-zzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative adjective - the this/present" }, "variants": { "*lāqaḥ*": "took/received/selected", "*yôṣîʾ*": "brought out/led out/delivered", "*kûr*": "furnace/crucible/melting pot", "*barzel*": "iron/iron ore", "*miṣrāyim*": "Egypt/land of Egypt", "*hyôt*": "to be/to become/to exist", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/community", "*naḥălāh*": "inheritance/heritage/possession", "*yôm*": "day/time/period", "*zeh*": "this/present" } }
• Deut 4:34 : 34 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.34", "source": "א֣וֹ ׀ הֲנִסָּ֣ה אֱלֹהִ֗ים לָ֠בוֹא לָקַ֨חַת ל֣וֹ גוֹי֮ מִקֶּ֣רֶב גּוֹי֒ בְּמַסֹּת֩ בְּאֹתֹ֨ת וּבְמוֹפְתִ֜ים וּבְמִלְחָמָ֗ה וּבְיָ֤ד חֲזָקָה֙ וּבִזְר֣וֹעַ נְטוּיָ֔ה וּבְמוֹרָאִ֖ים גְּדֹלִ֑ים כְּ֠כֹל אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֨ה לָכֶ֜ם יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֛ם בְּמִצְרַ֖יִם לְעֵינֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "Or *hănissāh* *ʾĕlōhîm* *lāḇôʾ* *lāqaḥaṯ* to-him *gôy* from-*qereḇ* *gôy* by-*massōṯ* by-*ʾōṯōṯ* and-by-*môp̄əṯîm* and-by-*milḥāmāh* and-by-*yāḏ* *ḥăzāqāh* and-by-*zərôaʿ* *nəṭûyāh* and-by-*môrāʾîm* *gəḏōlîm*, like-all which-*ʿāśāh* for-you(plural) *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem* in-*miṣrayim* to-*ʿêneḵā*?", "grammar": { "*hănissāh*": "interrogative particle + verb, Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has attempted?", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God/gods", "*lāḇôʾ*": "preposition + verb, Qal infinitive construct - to come", "*lāqaḥaṯ*": "preposition + verb, Qal infinitive construct - to take", "*gôy*": "masculine singular noun - nation", "*qereḇ*": "masculine singular construct - midst of", "*massōṯ*": "feminine plural noun - trials/testings", "*ʾōṯōṯ*": "masculine plural noun - signs", "*môp̄əṯîm*": "masculine plural noun - wonders/miracles", "*milḥāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - war/battle", "*yāḏ*": "feminine singular noun - hand", "*ḥăzāqāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - strong", "*zərôaʿ*": "feminine singular noun - arm", "*nəṭûyāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - outstretched", "*môrāʾîm*": "masculine plural noun - fears/terrors", "*gəḏōlîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - great", "*ʿāśāh*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he did/made", "*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ʿêneḵā*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your eyes" }, "variants": { "*nissāh*": "to test/try/attempt", "*lāḇôʾ*": "to come/enter/arrive", "*lāqaḥaṯ*": "to take/get/fetch", "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*qereḇ*": "midst/among/within", "*massōṯ*": "trials/tests/temptations", "*ʾōṯōṯ*": "signs/tokens/omens", "*môp̄əṯîm*": "wonders/miracles/portents", "*milḥāmāh*": "war/battle/fighting", "*yāḏ*": "hand/power/means", "*ḥăzāqāh*": "strong/mighty/firm", "*zərôaʿ*": "arm/strength/power", "*nəṭûyāh*": "outstretched/extended", "*môrāʾîm*": "fears/terrors/dreadful acts", "*ʿāśāh*": "to do/make/accomplish" } }
• Deut 4:37 : 37 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.37", "source": "וְתַ֗חַת כִּ֤י אָהַב֙ אֶת־אֲבֹתֶ֔יךָ וַיִּבְחַ֥ר בְּזַרְע֖וֹ אַחֲרָ֑יו וַיּוֹצִֽאֲךָ֧ בְּפָנָ֛יו בְּכֹח֥וֹ הַגָּדֹ֖ל מִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "And-*ṯaḥaṯ* because *ʾāhaḇ* *ʾet*-*ʾăḇōṯeḵā* *wayyiḇḥar* in-*zarʿô* after-him, *wayyôṣîʾăḵā* with-*p̄ānāyw* with-*kōḥô* the-*gāḏōl* from-*miṣrayim*.", "grammar": { "*ṯaḥaṯ*": "preposition - under/beneath/instead of", "*ʾāhaḇ*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he loved", "*ʾăḇōṯeḵā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your fathers", "*wayyiḇḥar*": "waw consecutive + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he chose", "*zarʿô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his seed/offspring", "*wayyôṣîʾăḵā*": "waw consecutive + verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and he brought you out", "*p̄ānāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face/presence", "*kōḥô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his strength", "*gāḏōl*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the great", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*ṯaḥaṯ*": "under/beneath/instead of/because", "*ʾāhaḇ*": "to love/like/be fond of", "*ʾăḇōṯeḵā*": "your fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*wayyiḇḥar*": "to choose/select/elect", "*zarʿô*": "his seed/offspring/descendants/posterity", "*wayyôṣîʾăḵā*": "to bring out/lead out/take out", "*p̄ānāyw*": "his face/presence/person", "*kōḥô*": "his strength/power/might", "*gāḏōl*": "great/large/mighty" } }