Verse 25

{ "verseID": "John.20.25", "source": "Ἔλεγον οὖν αὐτῷ οἱ ἄλλοι μαθηταί, Ἑωράκαμεν τὸν Κύριον. Ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς, Ἐὰν μὴ ἴδω ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν αὐτοῦ τὸν τύπον τῶν ἥλων, καὶ βάλω τὸν δάκτυλόν μου εἰς τὸν τύπον τῶν ἥλων, καὶ βάλω τὴν χεῖρά μου εἰς τὴν πλευρὰν αὐτοῦ, οὐ μὴ πιστεύσω.", "text": "*Elegon* therefore to him the other *mathetai*, We have *heorakamen* the *Kyrion*. He but *eipen* to them, If not I *ido* in the *chersin* of him the *typon* of the *helon*, and *balo* the *daktylos* of me into the *typon* of the *helon*, and *balo* the *cheira* of me into the *pleuran* of him, not not I will *pisteuso*.", "grammar": { "*Elegon*": "imperfect active indicative 3rd person plural - were saying/telling", "*mathetai*": "nominative masculine plural - disciples/students", "*heorakamen*": "perfect active indicative 1st person plural - we have seen", "*Kyrion*": "accusative masculine singular - Lord/Master", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person singular - said/told", "*ido*": "aorist active subjunctive 1st person singular - I might see", "*chersin*": "dative feminine plural - hands", "*typon*": "accusative masculine singular - mark/print/impression", "*helon*": "genitive masculine plural - nails", "*balo*": "aorist active subjunctive 1st person singular - I might put/place", "*daktylos*": "accusative masculine singular - finger", "*cheira*": "accusative feminine singular - hand", "*pleuran*": "accusative feminine singular - side", "*pisteuso*": "aorist active subjunctive 1st person singular - I might believe/trust" }, "variants": { "*Elegon*": "were saying/telling (continuous action)", "*mathetai*": "disciples/students/followers", "*heorakamen*": "have seen/beheld (perfect tense emphasizes completed action with continuing results)", "*Kyrion*": "Lord/Master/Owner", "*eipen*": "said/told/spoke", "*ean me*": "if not/unless", "*ido*": "see/perceive/observe", "*chersin*": "hands", "*typon*": "mark/print/impression/scar", "*helon*": "nails", "*balo*": "put/place/thrust", "*daktylos*": "finger", "*cheira*": "hand", "*pleuran*": "side/ribcage", "*ou me*": "double negative for emphasis - certainly not/by no means", "*pisteuso*": "believe/trust/have faith" } }

Other Translations

• Bibeloversettelse fra KJV1611 og Textus Receptus

  De andre disiplene sa derfor til ham: "Vi har sett Herren." Men han sa til dem: "Med mindre jeg får se i hans hender naglemerket og stikker min finger i naglenes merke, og stikker min hånd i hans side, vil jeg ikke tro."

• NT, oversatt fra gresk

  De andre disiplene sier derfor til ham: "Vi har sett Herren." Men han svarte dem: "Med mindre jeg får se ham i hendene hans, hvor naglemerket er, og stikke fingeren min i naglemerket og stikke hånden min inn i siden hans, vil jeg ikke tro."

• Norsk King James

  De andre disiplene sa da til ham: Vi har sett Herren. Men han sa til dem: Med mindre jeg får se naglemerkene i hans hender og legger min finger i naglemerkene, og stikker hånden min inn i hans side, vil jeg ikke tro.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Disiplene sa til ham: Vi har sett Herren. Men han sa til dem: Hvis jeg ikke får se naglemerkene i hans hender, og får stikke min finger i naglemerkene og min hånd i hans side, vil jeg ikke tro.

• KJV/Textus Receptus til norsk

  De andre disiplene sa da til ham: Vi har sett Herren. Men han sa til dem: Hvis jeg ikke ser naglemerkene i hans hender og legger min finger i naglemerkene og min hånd i hans side, vil jeg ikke tro.

• Den norske oversettelsen av Det Nye Testamente

  De andre disiplene sa da til ham: «Vi har sett Herren.» Men han sa til dem: «Hvis jeg ikke ser naglemerkene i hans hender og stikker fingeren i merkene, og stikker hånden i siden hans, vil jeg ikke tro det.»

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  De andre disiplene sa derfor til ham: Vi har sett Herren! Men han sa til dem: Hvis jeg ikke ser naglemerkene i hendene hans og legger fingeren min i naglemerkene og legger min hånd i siden hans, vil jeg ikke tro.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  De andre disiplene sa til ham: «Vi har sett Herren.» Men han svarte: «Hvis jeg ikke får se naglenes spor i hans hender, sette min finger inn i naglenes spor, og stikke hånden i hans side, vil jeg ikke tro.»

• gpt4.5-preview

  De andre disiplene sa derfor til ham: «Vi har sett Herren!» Men han sa til dem: «Dersom jeg ikke får se merkene etter naglene i hans hender, og legge fingeren min i merkene etter naglene og hånden min i hans side, vil jeg ikke tro.»

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  De andre disiplene sa derfor til ham: «Vi har sett Herren!» Men han sa til dem: «Dersom jeg ikke får se merkene etter naglene i hans hender, og legge fingeren min i merkene etter naglene og hånden min i hans side, vil jeg ikke tro.»

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Da sa de andre disiplene til ham: 'Vi har sett Herren!' Men han svarte dem: 'Hvis jeg ikke ser naglemerkene i hendene hans og stikker fingeren i naglemerkene og stikker hånden i siden hans, vil jeg ikke tro.'

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  So the other disciples were telling him, 'We have seen the Lord!' But he said to them, 'Unless I see the mark of the nails in his hands and put my finger into the mark of the nails, and put my hand into his side, I will not believe.'

• NT, oversatt fra gresk Aug2024

  De andre disiplene sa da til ham: «Vi har sett Herren.» Men han sa til dem: «Hvis jeg ikke får se naglemerkene i hans hender og får legge min finger i naglemerkene og legge min hånd i hans side, vil jeg ikke tro.»

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Derfor sagde de andre Disciple til ham: Vi have seet Herren. Men han sagde til dem: Uden jeg faaer seet Naglegabet i hans Hænder, og stukket min Finger i Naglegabet, og stukket min Haand i hans Side, vil jeg ingenlunde troe.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  The other disciples therefore said unto him, We have seen the Lord. But he said unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  De andre disiplene sa da til ham: Vi har sett Herren. Men han sa til dem: Hvis jeg ikke får se naglemerkene i hendene hans og legge fingeren min i dem og legge hånden min i siden hans, vil jeg ikke tro.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  The other disciples therefore said to him, We have seen the Lord. But he said to them, Unless I see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and put my hand into his side, I will not believe.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  The other disciples therefore said unto him, We have seen the Lord. But he said unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  De andre disiplene sa da til ham: "Vi har sett Herren!" Men han sa til dem: "Hvis jeg ikke ser naglemerkene i hans hender og får stikke fingeren min i dem, og får legge hånden min i hans side, vil jeg ikke tro."

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  De andre disiplene sa derfor til ham: 'Vi har sett Herren!' Men han sa til dem: 'Hvis jeg ikke ser merkene etter naglene i hendene hans og legger fingrene mine i naglemerkene, og min hånd i siden hans, vil jeg ikke tro.'

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  De andre disiplene sa da til ham: Vi har sett Herren. Men han sa til dem: Hvis jeg ikke får se naglemerkene i hendene hans og får legge fingeren i sårene etter naglene og stikke hånden i siden hans, vil jeg ikke tro.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  De andre disiplene sa til ham: Vi har sett Herren. Men han sa til dem: Hvis jeg ikke får se naglemerkene i hans hender og legge fingeren min i merkene og hånden min i hans side, vil jeg ikke tro.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  The other disciples sayd vnto him: we have sene ye LORde. And he sayde vnto the: except I se in his hondes the prent of the nayles and put my fynger in the holes of the nayles and thrust my honde into his syde I will not beleve.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  The sayde the other disciples vnto him: We haue sene the LORDE. But he sayde vnto the: Excepte I se in his handes the prynte of the nales, and put my hade in to his syde, I wil not beleue.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  The other disciples therefore saide vnto him, We haue seene the Lord: but he said vnto them, Except I see in his handes the print of the nailes, and put my finger into the print of the nailes, and put mine hand into his side, I will not beleeue it.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  The other disciples therfore sayde vnto hym, we haue seene the Lorde. But he sayde vnto them: Except I see in his handes the print of the nayles, and put my fynger into the prynt of the nayles, and thruste my hande into his syde, I wyll not beleue.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  The other disciples therefore said unto him, We have seen the Lord. But he said unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The other disciples therefore said to him, "We have seen the Lord!" But he said to them, "Unless I see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my hand into his side, I will not believe."

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  the other disciples, therefore, said to him, `We have seen the Lord;' and he said to them, `If I may not see in his hands the mark of the nails, and may put my finger to the mark of the nails, and may put my hand to his side, I will not believe.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  The other disciples therefore said unto him, We have seen the Lord. But he said unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my hand into his side, I will not believe.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  So the other disciples said to him, We have seen the Lord. But he said to them, If I do not see in his hands the print of the nails and put my finger into the print of the nails, and if I do not put my hand into his side, I will never have belief.

• World English Bible (2000)

  The other disciples therefore said to him, "We have seen the Lord!" But he said to them, "Unless I see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my hand into his side, I will not believe."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The other disciples told him,“We have seen the Lord!” But he replied,“Unless I see the wounds from the nails in his hands, and put my finger into the wounds from the nails, and put my hand into his side, I will never believe it!”

Referenced Verses

• Mark 16:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Mark.16.11", "source": "Κἀκεῖνοι, ἀκούσαντες ὅτι ζῇ, καὶ ἐθεάθη ὑπʼ αὐτῆς, ἠπίστησαν.", "text": "And *ekeinos*, *akousantes* that he *zē*, and had been *etheathē hyp' autēs*, *ēpistēsan*.", "grammar": { "*ekeinos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural - those ones/they", "*akousantes*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, plural, active - having heard", "*zē*": "present, 3rd singular, active - lives/is alive", "*etheathē*": "aorist, 3rd singular, passive - was seen", "*hyp'*": "preposition - by", "*autēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - her", "*ēpistēsan*": "aorist, 3rd plural, active - disbelieved" }, "variants": { "*zē*": "lives/is alive", "*etheathē*": "was seen/beheld/viewed", "*ēpistēsan*": "disbelieved/did not believe" } }
• Luke 24:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Luke.24.25", "source": "Καὶ αὐτὸς εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς, Ὦ ἀνόητοι, καὶ βραδεῖς τῇ καρδίᾳ τοῦ πιστεύειν ἐπὶ πᾶσιν οἷς ἐλάλησαν οἱ προφῆται:", "text": "And he *eipen pros* them, O *anoētoi*, and *bradeis* in the *kardia* of the *pisteuein epi* all which *elalēsan* the *prophētai*:", "grammar": { "*eipen*": "aorist, 3rd singular, active - said", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*anoētoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - foolish ones/without understanding", "*bradeis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - slow/dull", "*kardia*": "dative, feminine, singular - heart", "*pisteuein*": "present infinitive, active - to believe", "*epi*": "preposition + dative - upon/on/in", "*elalēsan*": "aorist, 3rd plural, active - spoke", "*prophētai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - prophets" }, "variants": { "*anoētoi*": "foolish/mindless/without understanding", "*bradeis*": "slow/sluggish/dull", "*kardia*": "heart/inner self/mind", "*pisteuein*": "to believe/trust/have faith", "*elalēsan*": "spoke/said/uttered" } }
• Luke 24:34-41 : 34 { "verseID": "Luke.24.34", "source": "Λέγοντας, ὅτι Ἠγέρθη ὀ Κύριος ὄντως, καὶ ὤφθη Σίμωνι.", "text": "*Legontas*, that *Ēgerthē* the *Kyrios ontōs*, and *ōphthē Simōni*.", "grammar": { "*Legontas*": "present participle, active, accusative, masculine, plural - saying", "*Ēgerthē*": "aorist, 3rd singular, passive - was raised/rose", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*ontōs*": "adverb - truly/really/indeed", "*ōphthē*": "aorist, 3rd singular, passive - was seen/appeared", "*Simōni*": "dative, masculine, singular - to Simon" }, "variants": { "*Legontas*": "saying/telling/declaring", "*Ēgerthē*": "was raised/rose/has risen", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/Master", "*ontōs*": "truly/really/indeed", "*ōphthē*": "was seen/appeared/showed himself" } } 35 { "verseID": "Luke.24.35", "source": "Καὶ αὐτοὶ ἐξηγοῦντο τὰ ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ, καὶ ὡς ἐγνώσθη αὐτοῖς ἐν τῇ κλάσει τοῦ ἄρτου.", "text": "And they *exēgounto* the things *en* the *hodō*, and how he *egnōsthē* to them *en* the *klasei tou artou*.", "grammar": { "*exēgounto*": "imperfect, 3rd plural, middle - were narrating/telling", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*hodō*": "dative, feminine, singular - way/road", "*egnōsthē*": "aorist, 3rd singular, passive - was made known/was recognized", "*klasei*": "dative, feminine, singular - breaking", "*tou artou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the bread/loaf" }, "variants": { "*exēgounto*": "were narrating/telling/recounting", "*hodō*": "way/road/journey", "*egnōsthē*": "was made known/was recognized/became known", "*klasei*": "breaking/dividing", "*tou artou*": "of the bread/loaf" } } 36 { "verseID": "Luke.24.36", "source": "¶Ταῦτα δὲ αὐτῶν λαλούντων, αὐτὸς ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἔστη ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῶν, καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς, Εἰρήνη ὑμῖν.", "text": "These things *de* of them *lalountōn*, he the *Iēsous estē en mesō* of them, and *legei* to them, *Eirēnē* to you.", "grammar": { "*de*": "particle - but/and/now", "*lalountōn*": "present participle, active, genitive, masculine, plural - speaking", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*estē*": "aorist, 3rd singular, active - stood", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*mesō*": "dative, neuter, singular - midst", "*legei*": "present, 3rd singular, active - says", "*Eirēnē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - peace" }, "variants": { "*de*": "but/and/now", "*lalountōn*": "speaking/talking/saying", "*estē*": "stood/stood up/took his stand", "*mesō*": "midst/middle/center", "*legei*": "says/tells/speaks", "*Eirēnē*": "peace/well-being" } } 37 { "verseID": "Luke.24.37", "source": "Πτοηθέντες δὲ καὶ ἔμφοβοι γενόμενοι, ἐδόκουν πνεῦμα θεωρεῖν.", "text": "*Ptoēthentes de* and *emphoboi genomenoi*, they *edokoun pneuma theōrein*.", "grammar": { "*Ptoēthentes*": "aorist participle, passive, nominative, masculine, plural - having been startled", "*de*": "particle - but/and/now", "*emphoboi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - frightened/terrified", "*genomenoi*": "aorist participle, middle, nominative, masculine, plural - having become", "*edokoun*": "imperfect, 3rd plural, active - were thinking/supposing", "*pneuma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - spirit/ghost", "*theōrein*": "present infinitive, active - to see/behold" }, "variants": { "*Ptoēthentes*": "having been startled/frightened/terrified", "*de*": "but/and/now", "*emphoboi*": "frightened/terrified/afraid", "*genomenoi*": "having become/been made", "*edokoun*": "were thinking/supposing/imagining", "*pneuma*": "spirit/ghost/apparition", "*theōrein*": "to see/behold/observe" } } 38 { "verseID": "Luke.24.38", "source": "Καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς, Τί τεταραγμένοι ἐστέ; καὶ διὰ τί διαλογισμοὶ ἀναβαίνουσιν ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν;", "text": "And he *eipen* to them, Why *tetaragmenoi este*? and *dia ti dialogismoi anabainousin en* the *kardiais* of you?", "grammar": { "*eipen*": "aorist, 3rd singular, active - said", "*tetaragmenoi*": "perfect participle, passive, nominative, masculine, plural - troubled/disturbed", "*este*": "present, 2nd plural - you are", "*dia ti*": "preposition + accusative - why/for what reason", "*dialogismoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - thoughts/reasonings/doubts", "*anabainousin*": "present, 3rd plural, active - are rising up", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*kardiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - hearts" }, "variants": { "*eipen*": "said/spoke/told", "*tetaragmenoi*": "troubled/disturbed/agitated", "*dialogismoi*": "thoughts/reasonings/doubts", "*anabainousin*": "are rising up/coming up/ascending", "*kardiais*": "hearts/minds/inner selves" } } 39 { "verseID": "Luke.24.39", "source": "Ἴδετε τὰς χεῖράς μου καὶ τοὺς πόδας μου, ὅτι αὐτὸς ἐγώ εἰμι: ψηλαφήσατέ με, καὶ ἴδετε· ὅτι πνεῦμα σάρκα καὶ ὀστέα οὐκ ἔχει, καθὼς ἐμὲ θεωρεῖτε ἔχοντα.", "text": "*Idete* the *cheiras* of me and the *podas* of me, that *autos egō eimi*: *psēlaphēsate* me, and *idete*; that *pneuma sarka* and *ostea ouk echei*, just as me you *theōreite echonta*.", "grammar": { "*Idete*": "aorist imperative, active, 2nd plural - see/behold", "*cheiras*": "accusative, feminine, plural - hands", "*podas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - feet", "*autos egō eimi*": "emphatic - I myself am", "*psēlaphēsate*": "aorist imperative, active, 2nd plural - touch/handle/feel", "*idete*": "aorist imperative, active, 2nd plural - see/behold", "*pneuma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - spirit/ghost", "*sarka*": "accusative, feminine, singular - flesh", "*ostea*": "accusative, neuter, plural - bones", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*echei*": "present, 3rd singular, active - has", "*theōreite*": "present, 2nd plural, active - you see/behold", "*echonta*": "present participle, active, accusative, masculine, singular - having" }, "variants": { "*Idete*": "see/behold/look at", "*cheiras*": "hands", "*podas*": "feet", "*autos egō eimi*": "I myself am/it is truly I", "*psēlaphēsate*": "touch/handle/feel", "*pneuma*": "spirit/ghost/apparition", "*sarka*": "flesh/body", "*ostea*": "bones", "*echei*": "has/possesses", "*theōreite*": "you see/behold/observe", "*echonta*": "having/possessing" } } 40 { "verseID": "Luke.24.40", "source": "Καὶ τοῦτο εἰπὼν, ἐπέδειξεν αὐτοῖς τὰς χεῖρας καὶ τοὺς πόδας.", "text": "And this *eipōn*, he *epedeixen* to them the *cheiras* and the *podas*.", "grammar": { "*eipōn*": "aorist participle, active, nominative, masculine, singular - having said", "*epedeixen*": "aorist, 3rd singular, active - showed/displayed", "*cheiras*": "accusative, feminine, plural - hands", "*podas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - feet" }, "variants": { "*eipōn*": "having said/spoken", "*epedeixen*": "showed/displayed/exhibited", "*cheiras*": "hands", "*podas*": "feet" } } 41 { "verseID": "Luke.24.41", "source": "Ἔτι δὲ ἀπιστούντων αὐτῶν ἀπὸ τῆς χαρᾶς, καὶ θαυμαζόντων, εἶπεν αὐτοῖς, Ἔχετέ τι βρώσιμον ἐνθάδε;", "text": "*Eti de apistountōn autōn apo tēs charas*, and *thaumazontōn*, he *eipen* to them, *Echete ti brōsimon enthade*?", "grammar": { "*Eti*": "adverb - still/yet", "*de*": "particle - but/and/now", "*apistountōn*": "present participle, active, genitive, masculine, plural - disbelieving", "*autōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of them", "*apo*": "preposition + genitive - from/because of", "*tēs charas*": "genitive, feminine, singular - the joy", "*thaumazontōn*": "present participle, active, genitive, masculine, plural - marveling/wondering", "*eipen*": "aorist, 3rd singular, active - said", "*Echete*": "present, 2nd plural, active - you have", "*ti*": "accusative, neuter, singular - anything", "*brōsimon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - edible/food", "*enthade*": "adverb - here" }, "variants": { "*Eti*": "still/yet", "*de*": "but/and/now", "*apistountōn*": "disbelieving/not believing/doubting", "*apo tēs charas*": "from/because of the joy", "*thaumazontōn*": "marveling/wondering/amazed", "*eipen*": "said/spoke", "*Echete*": "you have/possess", "*ti brōsimon*": "anything edible/any food", "*enthade*": "here/in this place" } }
• John 1:41 : 41 { "verseID": "John.1.41", "source": "Εὑρίσκει οὗτος πρῶτος τὸν ἀδελφὸν τὸν ἴδιον Σίμωνα, καὶ λέγει αὐτῷ, Εὑρήκαμεν τὸν Μεσσίαν, ὅ ἐστιν, μεθερμηνευόμενον, ὁ Χριστός.", "text": "*Heuriskei houtos prōtos ton adelphon ton idion Simōna*, and *legei autō*, We have *heurēkamen* the *Messian*, which *estin*, being *methermēneuomenon*, the *Christos*.", "grammar": { "*Heuriskei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular of *heuriskō* - finds", "*houtos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular - this one/he", "*prōtos*": "nominative masculine singular - first", "*adelphon*": "accusative masculine singular - brother", "*idion*": "accusative masculine singular - own", "*Simōna*": "accusative masculine singular - Simon", "*legei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular of *legō* - says", "*autō*": "dative masculine singular pronoun - to him", "*heurēkamen*": "perfect active indicative 1st person plural of *heuriskō* - we have found", "*Messian*": "accusative masculine singular - Messiah", "*estin*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular of *eimi* - is", "*methermēneuomenon*": "present passive participle, nominative neuter singular of *methermēneuō* - being translated", "*Christos*": "nominative masculine singular - Christ/Anointed One" }, "variants": { "*Heuriskei*": "finds/discovers", "*prōtos*": "first/firstly/before others", "*idion*": "own/one's own", "*heurēkamen*": "we have found/discovered (perfect tense indicating lasting significance)", "*Messian*": "Messiah (Hebrew term for anointed one)", "*methermēneuomenon*": "being translated/interpreted", "*Christos*": "Christ/Anointed One (Greek equivalent of Messiah)" } }
• John 6:30 : 30 { "verseID": "John.6.30", "source": "Εἶπον οὖν αὐτῷ, Τί οὖν ποιεῖς σὺ σημεῖον, ἵνα ἴδωμεν, καὶ πιστεύσωμέν σοι; τί ἐργάζῃ;", "text": "They *eipon oun* to him, What *oun* do you *poieis sy sēmeion*, *hina* we might *idōmen*, and might *pisteusōmen* you? What do you *ergazē*?", "grammar": { "*eipon*": "aorist, indicative, active, 3rd plural - they said", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*poieis*": "present, indicative, active, 2nd singular - you do/perform", "*sy*": "personal pronoun, nominative, 2nd singular - you", "*sēmeion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - sign", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*idōmen*": "aorist, subjunctive, active, 1st plural - we might see", "*pisteusōmen*": "aorist, subjunctive, active, 1st plural - we might believe", "*ergazē*": "present, indicative, middle, 2nd singular - you work/perform" }, "variants": { "*oun*": "therefore/then/consequently", "*poieis*": "you do/perform/accomplish", "*sēmeion*": "sign/miracle/wonder", "*idōmen*": "we might see/perceive", "*pisteusōmen*": "we might believe/trust", "*ergazē*": "you work/perform/accomplish" } }
• John 20:14-20 : 14 { "verseID": "John.20.14", "source": "Καὶ ταῦτα εἰποῦσα, ἐστράφη εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω, καὶ θεωρεῖ τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἑστῶτα, καὶ οὐκ ᾔδει ὅτι Ἰησοῦς ἐστιν.", "text": "And these things having *eipousa*, she *estraphe* to the *opiso*, and *theorei* the *Iesoun* *hestota*, and not *edei* that *Iesous* *estin*.", "grammar": { "*eipousa*": "aorist active participle nominative feminine singular - having said/spoken", "*estraphe*": "aorist passive indicative 3rd person singular - was turned/turned herself", "*opiso*": "adverb - back/behind", "*theorei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular - observes/beholds", "*Iesoun*": "accusative masculine singular - Jesus", "*hestota*": "perfect active participle accusative masculine singular - standing/having stood", "*edei*": "pluperfect active indicative 3rd person singular - had known", "*Iesous*": "nominative masculine singular - Jesus", "*estin*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular - is" }, "variants": { "*eipousa*": "having said/spoken", "*estraphe*": "turned/turned herself/was turned", "*opiso*": "back/behind", "*theorei*": "observes/beholds/sees (intense perception)", "*hestota*": "standing/having stood", "*edei*": "knew/had known/recognized", "*estin*": "is/exists" } } 15 { "verseID": "John.20.15", "source": "Λέγει αὐτῇ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Γύναι, τί κλαίεις; τίνα ζητεῖς; Ἐκείνη, δοκοῦσα ὅτι ὁ κηπουρός ἐστιν, λέγει αὐτῷ, Κύριε, εἰ σὺ ἐβάστασας αὐτόν, εἰπέ μοι ποῦ ἔθηκας αὐτὸν, κἀγὼ αὐτὸν ἀρῶ.", "text": "*Legei* to her the *Iesous*, *Gynai*, why do you *klaieis*? Whom do you *zeteis*? That woman, *dokousa* that the *kepouros* *estin*, *legei* to him, *Kyrie*, if you *ebastasas* him, *eipe* me where you *ethekas* him, and I him will *aro*.", "grammar": { "*Legei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular - says/is saying", "*Iesous*": "nominative masculine singular - Jesus", "*Gynai*": "vocative feminine singular - woman/lady", "*klaieis*": "present active indicative 2nd person singular - you weep/cry", "*zeteis*": "present active indicative 2nd person singular - you seek/look for", "*dokousa*": "present active participle nominative feminine singular - thinking/supposing", "*kepouros*": "nominative masculine singular - gardener", "*estin*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular - is", "*legei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular - says/is saying", "*Kyrie*": "vocative masculine singular - Lord/Sir", "*ebastasas*": "aorist active indicative 2nd person singular - you carried/took away", "*eipe*": "aorist active imperative 2nd person singular - tell/say", "*ethekas*": "aorist active indicative 2nd person singular - you placed/put", "*aro*": "future active indicative 1st person singular - I will take/carry away" }, "variants": { "*Legei*": "says/tells/speaks", "*Gynai*": "woman/lady (respectful address)", "*klaieis*": "weep/cry/lament", "*zeteis*": "seek/look for/search for", "*dokousa*": "thinking/supposing/believing", "*kepouros*": "gardener/garden keeper", "*Kyrie*": "Lord/Sir/Master (respectful address)", "*ebastasas*": "carried/took away/removed", "*eipe*": "tell/say (command)", "*ethekas*": "placed/put/laid", "*aro*": "will take/carry away/remove" } } 16 { "verseID": "John.20.16", "source": "Λέγει αὐτῇ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Μαρία. Στραφεῖσα ἐκείνη, λέγει αὐτῷ, Ραββουνί· ὃ λέγεται, Διδάσκαλε.", "text": "*Legei* to her the *Iesous*, *Maria*. Having *strapheisa* that woman, *legei* to him, *Rabbouni*; which *legetai*, *Didaskale*.", "grammar": { "*Legei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular - says/is saying", "*Iesous*": "nominative masculine singular - Jesus", "*Maria*": "vocative feminine singular - Mary", "*strapheisa*": "aorist passive participle nominative feminine singular - having turned/having been turned", "*legei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular - says/is saying", "*Rabbouni*": "Aramaic term - my teacher/my master", "*legetai*": "present passive indicative 3rd person singular - is said/means", "*Didaskale*": "vocative masculine singular - Teacher/Master" }, "variants": { "*Legei*": "says/tells/speaks", "*strapheisa*": "having turned/having been turned", "*Rabbouni*": "my teacher/my master (Aramaic, more reverent than Rabbi)", "*legetai*": "is said/means/is translated", "*Didaskale*": "Teacher/Master/Instructor" } } 17 { "verseID": "John.20.17", "source": "Λέγει αὐτῇ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Μή μου ἅπτου· οὔπω γὰρ ἀναβέβηκα πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα μου: πορεύου δὲ πρὸς τοὺς ἀδελφούς μου, καὶ εἰπὲ αὐτοῖς, Ἀναβαίνω πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα μου, καὶ Πατέρα ὑμῶν· καὶ Θεόν μου, καὶ Θεὸν ὑμῶν.", "text": "*Legei* to her the *Iesous*, Not of me *haptou*; not yet for I have *anabebeka pros* the *Patera* of me: *poreuou* but *pros* the *adelphous* of me, and *eipe* to them, I *anabaino pros* the *Patera* of me, and *Patera* of you; and *Theon* of me, and *Theon* of you.", "grammar": { "*Legei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular - says/is saying", "*Iesous*": "nominative masculine singular - Jesus", "*haptou*": "present middle imperative 2nd person singular - touch/cling to", "*anabebeka*": "perfect active indicative 1st person singular - I have ascended/gone up", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to/toward", "*Patera*": "accusative masculine singular - Father", "*poreuou*": "present middle imperative 2nd person singular - go/proceed", "*adelphous*": "accusative masculine plural - brothers/brethren", "*eipe*": "aorist active imperative 2nd person singular - tell/say", "*anabaino*": "present active indicative 1st person singular - I am ascending/going up", "*Theon*": "accusative masculine singular - God" }, "variants": { "*Legei*": "says/tells/speaks", "*haptou*": "touch/cling to/hold on to", "*anabebeka*": "have ascended/gone up (completed action with present effect)", "*pros*": "to/toward/with", "*Patera*": "Father", "*poreuou*": "go/proceed/journey", "*adelphous*": "brothers/brethren/fellow believers", "*eipe*": "tell/say (command)", "*anabaino*": "am ascending/going up (present, ongoing)", "*Theon*": "God/Deity" } } 18 { "verseID": "John.20.18", "source": "Ἔρχεται Μαρία ἡ Μαγδαληνὴ ἀπαγγέλλουσα τοῖς μαθηταῖς ὅτι ἑώρακεν τὸν Κύριον, καὶ ταῦτα εἶπεν αὐτῇ.", "text": "*Erchetai Maria* the *Magdalene apangellousa* to the *mathetais* that she has *heoraken* the *Kyrion*, and these things he *eipen* to her.", "grammar": { "*Erchetai*": "present middle/passive indicative 3rd person singular - comes/is coming", "*Maria*": "nominative feminine singular - Mary", "*Magdalene*": "nominative feminine singular - Magdalene", "*apangellousa*": "present active participle nominative feminine singular - announcing/reporting", "*mathetais*": "dative masculine plural - disciples/students", "*heoraken*": "perfect active indicative 3rd person singular - has seen", "*Kyrion*": "accusative masculine singular - Lord/Master", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person singular - said/told" }, "variants": { "*Erchetai*": "comes/arrives/approaches", "*apangellousa*": "announcing/reporting/declaring", "*mathetais*": "disciples/students/followers", "*heoraken*": "has seen/viewed/perceived (completed action with continuing result)", "*Kyrion*": "Lord/Master/Owner", "*eipen*": "said/told/spoke" } } 19 { "verseID": "John.20.19", "source": "Οὔσης οὖν ὀψίας, τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ τῇ μιᾷ τῶν σαββάτων, καὶ τῶν θυρῶν κεκλεισμένων ὅπου ἦσαν οἱ μαθηταὶ συνηγμένοι διὰ τὸν φόβον τῶν Ἰουδαίων, ἦλθεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς καὶ ἔστη εἰς τὸ μέσον, καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς, Εἰρήνη ὑμῖν.", "text": "Being therefore *opsias*, on that *hemera* the first of the *sabbaton*, and the *thyron* having been *kekleismenon* where were the *mathetai* *synegmenoi* because of the *phobon* of the *Ioudaion*, *elthen* the *Iesous* and *este* in the *meson*, and *legei* to them, *Eirene* to you.", "grammar": { "*ouses*": "present active participle genitive feminine singular - being", "*opsias*": "genitive feminine singular - evening", "*hemera*": "dative feminine singular - day", "*sabbaton*": "genitive plural - sabbaths/weeks", "*thyron*": "genitive feminine plural - doors", "*kekleismenon*": "perfect passive participle genitive feminine plural - having been shut/closed", "*mathetai*": "nominative masculine plural - disciples/students", "*synegmenoi*": "perfect passive participle nominative masculine plural - having been gathered together", "*phobon*": "accusative masculine singular - fear", "*Ioudaion*": "genitive masculine plural - Jews/Judeans", "*elthen*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person singular - came/went", "*Iesous*": "nominative masculine singular - Jesus", "*este*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person singular - stood", "*meson*": "accusative neuter singular - middle/midst", "*legei*": "present active indicative 3rd person singular - says/is saying", "*Eirene*": "nominative feminine singular - peace" }, "variants": { "*ouses*": "being (genitive absolute construction)", "*opsias*": "evening/late hour", "*hemera*": "day", "*sabbaton*": "sabbaths/week", "*thyron*": "doors/entryways", "*kekleismenon*": "having been shut/closed/locked (perfect tense emphasizes continued state)", "*mathetai*": "disciples/students/followers", "*synegmenoi*": "having been gathered together/assembled", "*phobon*": "fear/terror/dread", "*Ioudaion*": "Jews/Judeans", "*elthen*": "came/arrived", "*este*": "stood/took his stand", "*meson*": "middle/midst/center", "*Eirene*": "peace/well-being/harmony" } } 20 { "verseID": "John.20.20", "source": "Καὶ τοῦτο εἰπὼν, ἔδειξεν αὐτοῖς τὰς χεῖρας καὶ τὴν πλευρὰν αὐτοῦ. Ἐχάρησαν οὖν οἱ μαθηταὶ, ἰδόντες τὸν Κύριον.", "text": "And this having *eipon*, he *edeixen* to them the *cheiras* and the *pleuran* of him. *Echaresan* therefore the *mathetai*, having *idontes* the *Kyrion*.", "grammar": { "*eipon*": "aorist active participle nominative masculine singular - having said/spoken", "*edeixen*": "aorist active indicative 3rd person singular - showed/displayed", "*cheiras*": "accusative feminine plural - hands", "*pleuran*": "accusative feminine singular - side", "*Echaresan*": "aorist passive indicative 3rd person plural - rejoiced/were glad", "*mathetai*": "nominative masculine plural - disciples/students", "*idontes*": "aorist active participle nominative masculine plural - having seen", "*Kyrion*": "accusative masculine singular - Lord/Master" }, "variants": { "*eipon*": "having said/spoken/told", "*edeixen*": "showed/displayed/revealed", "*cheiras*": "hands", "*pleuran*": "side/ribcage", "*Echaresan*": "rejoiced/were glad/became joyful", "*mathetai*": "disciples/students/followers", "*idontes*": "having seen/perceived/beheld", "*Kyrion*": "Lord/Master/Owner" } }
• John 21:7 : 7 { "verseID": "John.21.7", "source": "Λέγει οὖν ὁ μαθητὴς ἐκεῖνος ὃν ἠγάπα ὁ Ἰησοῦς τῷ Πέτρῳ, Ὁ Κύριός ἐστιν. Σίμων οὖν Πέτρος ἀκούσας ὅτι ὁ Κύριός ἐστιν, τὸν ἐπενδύτην διεζώσατο, (ἦν γὰρ γυμνός,) καὶ ἔβαλεν ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν.", "text": "*Legei* *oun* the *mathētēs* *ekeinos* whom *ēgapa* the *Iēsous* to-the *Petrō*, The *Kyrios* *estin*. *Simōn* *oun* *Petros* *akousas* that the *Kyrios* *estin*, the *ependytēn* *diezōsato*, (*ēn* *gar* *gymnos*,) and *ebalen* *heauton* into the *thalassan*.", "grammar": { "*Legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - says", "*oun*": "conjunction - therefore/then", "*mathētēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - disciple", "*ekeinos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - that", "*hon*": "relative pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular - whom", "*ēgapa*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was loving", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*Petrō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to Peter", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*Simōn*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Simon", "*Petros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Peter", "*akousas*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having heard", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*ependytēn*": "accusative, masculine, singular - outer garment/fisher's coat", "*diezōsato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - girded himself", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*gymnos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - naked/lightly clothed", "*ebalen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - threw/cast", "*heauton*": "reflexive pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular - himself", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - into", "*thalassan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sea" }, "variants": { "*ēgapa*": "loved/was loving (agapaō - deeper, spiritual love)", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/Master", "*akousas*": "having heard/when he heard", "*ependytēn*": "outer garment/fisher's coat/tunic", "*diezōsato*": "girded himself/wrapped around himself", "*gymnos*": "naked/lightly clothed/wearing only undergarment", "*ebalen*": "threw/cast/flung" } }
• Acts 5:30-32 : 30 { "verseID": "Acts.5.30", "source": "Ὁ Θεὸς τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν ἤγειρεν Ἰησοῦν, ὃν ὑμεῖς διεχειρίσασθε κρεμάσαντες ἐπὶ ξύλου.", "text": "The *Theos* of the *paterōn* of us *ēgeiren* *Iēsoun*, whom you *diecheirisasthe* *kremasantes* *epi* *xylou*.", "grammar": { "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*paterōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - fathers", "*ēgeiren*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd singular - raised up", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*diecheirisasthe*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 2nd plural - killed/put to death", "*kremasantes*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having hanged", "*epi*": "preposition + genitive - on/upon", "*xylou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - wood/tree" }, "variants": { "*paterōn*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*ēgeiren*": "raised up/resurrected/brought back to life", "*diecheirisasthe*": "put to death/killed/executed", "*kremasantes*": "hanging/suspending", "*xylou*": "tree/wood/timber (euphemism for cross)" } } 31 { "verseID": "Acts.5.31", "source": "Τοῦτον ὁ Θεὸς Ἀρχηγὸν καὶ Σωτῆρα ὕψωσεν τῇ δεξιᾷ αὐτοῦ, δοῦναι μετάνοιαν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν.", "text": "This one the *Theos* *Archēgon* and *Sōtēra* *hypsōsen* to the *dexia* of him, to *dounai* *metanoian* to the *Israēl*, and *aphesin* of *hamartiōn*.", "grammar": { "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*Archēgon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Prince/Leader/Author", "*Sōtēra*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Savior", "*hypsōsen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd singular - exalted/lifted up", "*dexia*": "dative, feminine, singular - right hand", "*dounai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to give", "*metanoian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - repentance", "*Israēl*": "dative, masculine, singular - Israel", "*aphesin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - forgiveness/remission", "*hamartiōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - of sins" }, "variants": { "*Archēgon*": "Prince/Leader/Author/Originator", "*Sōtēra*": "Savior/Deliverer/Preserver", "*hypsōsen*": "exalted/lifted up/raised to honor", "*dexia*": "right hand (symbolizing power and authority)", "*metanoian*": "repentance/change of mind", "*aphesin*": "forgiveness/remission/release from" } } 32 { "verseID": "Acts.5.32", "source": "Καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐσμεν αὐτοῦ μάρτυρες τῶν ῥημάτων τούτων· καὶ τὸ Πνεῦμα δὲ τὸ Ἅγιον, ὃ ἔδωκεν ὁ Θεὸς τοῖς πειθαρχοῦσιν αὐτῷ.", "text": "And we *esmen* of him *martyres* of the *rhēmatōn* these; and the *Pneuma* *de* the *Hagion*, which *edōken* the *Theos* to those *peitharchousin* to him.", "grammar": { "*esmen*": "present, active, indicative, 1st plural - we are", "*martyres*": "nominative, masculine, plural - witnesses", "*rhēmatōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - words/sayings", "*Pneuma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - Spirit", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/also", "*Hagion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - Holy", "*edōken*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd singular - gave", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*peitharchousin*": "present, active, participle, dative, masculine, plural - obeying" }, "variants": { "*martyres*": "witnesses/testifiers", "*rhēmatōn*": "words/sayings/matters", "*Pneuma*": "Spirit/breath/wind", "*Hagion*": "Holy/set apart/consecrated", "*peitharchousin*": "obeying/submitting to/following" } }
• Acts 10:40-41 : 40 { "verseID": "Acts.10.40", "source": "Τοῦτον ὁ Θεὸς ἤγειρεν τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ, καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτὸν ἐμφανῆ γενέσθαι·", "text": "This one the *Theos* *ēgeiren* on the *tritē* *hēmera*, and *edōken* him *emphanē* to *genesthai*;", "grammar": { "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*ēgeiren*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - he raised up", "*tritē*": "dative, feminine, singular - third", "*hēmera*": "dative, feminine, singular - day", "*edōken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - he gave", "*emphanē*": "accusative, masculine, singular - visible/manifest", "*genesthai*": "aorist middle infinitive - to become/be" }, "variants": { "*ēgeiren*": "raised up/resurrected", "*edōken*": "gave/granted/allowed", "*emphanē*": "visible/manifest/apparent", "*genesthai*": "to become/be/appear" } } 41 { "verseID": "Acts.10.41", "source": "Οὐ παντὶ τῷ λαῷ, ἀλλὰ μάρτυσιν τοῖς προκεχειροτονημένοις ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἡμῖν, οἵτινες συνεφάγομεν καὶ συνεπίομεν αὐτῷ μετὰ τὸ ἀναστῆναι αὐτὸν ἐκ νεκρῶν.", "text": "Not to-all the *laō*, but to-*martyrin* the *procheirotoneménois* by the *Theou*, to-us, who *synephagomen* and *synepíomen* with-him after the *anastēnai* him from *nekrōn*.", "grammar": { "*laō*": "dative, masculine, singular - people", "*martyrin*": "dative, masculine, plural - witnesses", "*procheirotoneménois*": "perfect passive participle, dative, plural - having been chosen beforehand", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*synephagomen*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person plural - we ate with", "*synepíomen*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person plural - we drank with", "*anastēnai*": "aorist active infinitive - to rise up", "*nekrōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - dead ones" }, "variants": { "*laō*": "people/nation/crowd", "*martyrin*": "witnesses/testifiers", "*procheirotoneménois*": "pre-appointed/chosen beforehand/pre-selected", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*synephagomen*": "ate together with/shared a meal with", "*synepíomen*": "drank together with/shared drinks with", "*anastēnai*": "to rise up/to resurrect/to stand up again", "*nekrōn*": "dead persons/corpses" } }
• 1 Cor 15:5-8 : 5 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.15.5", "source": "Καὶ ὅτι ὤφθη Κηφᾷ, εἶτα τοῖς δώδεκα:", "text": "And that he *ōphthē Kēpha*, *eita* the *dōdeka*", "grammar": { "*ōphthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was seen/appeared", "*Kēpha*": "dative, masculine, singular - Cephas/Peter", "*eita*": "adverb - then/next", "*dōdeka*": "dative, masculine, plural with article - twelve" }, "variants": { "*ōphthē*": "was seen/appeared/showed himself", "*Kēpha*": "Cephas/Peter (Aramaic name)", "*eita*": "then/next/afterwards", "*dōdeka*": "twelve/the twelve disciples" } } 6 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.15.6", "source": "Ἔπειτα, ὤφθη ἐπάνω πεντακοσίοις ἀδελφοῖς ἐφάπαξ· ἐξ ὧν οἱ πλείους μένουσιν ἕως ἄρτι, τινὲς δὲ καὶ ἐκοιμήθησαν.", "text": "*Epeita*, he *ōphthē epanō pentakosiois adelphois ephapax*; from whom the *pleious menousin heōs arti*, *tines de* also *ekoimēthēsan*", "grammar": { "*Epeita*": "adverb - then/afterward", "*ōphthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was seen/appeared", "*epanō*": "preposition - to more than/above", "*pentakosiois*": "dative, masculine, plural - five hundred", "*adelphois*": "dative, masculine, plural - brothers", "*ephapax*": "adverb - at once/at one time", "*pleious*": "comparative adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - more/majority", "*menousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - remain/stay", "*heōs arti*": "preposition + adverb - until now", "*tines*": "indefinite pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural - some", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*ekoimēthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - fell asleep/died" }, "variants": { "*Epeita*": "then/afterward/next", "*ōphthē*": "was seen/appeared/showed himself", "*epanō*": "to more than/above/over", "*adelphois*": "brothers/siblings/fellow believers", "*ephapax*": "at once/at one time/simultaneously", "*pleious*": "more/majority/greater part", "*menousin*": "remain/continue/are still alive", "*heōs arti*": "until now/until the present time", "*ekoimēthēsan*": "fell asleep/died/passed away (euphemism for death)" } } 7 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.15.7", "source": "Ἔπειτα, ὤφθη Ἰακώβῳ· εἶτα τοῖς ἀποστόλοις πᾶσιν.", "text": "*Epeita*, he *ōphthē Iakōbō*; *eita* the *apostolois pasin*", "grammar": { "*Epeita*": "adverb - then/afterward", "*ōphthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was seen/appeared", "*Iakōbō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to James", "*eita*": "adverb - then/next", "*apostolois*": "dative, masculine, plural - apostles", "*pasin*": "dative, masculine, plural - all" }, "variants": { "*Epeita*": "then/afterward/next", "*ōphthē*": "was seen/appeared/showed himself", "*Iakōbō*": "to James (likely Jesus' brother)", "*eita*": "then/next/afterwards", "*apostolois*": "apostles/messengers/sent ones", "*pasin*": "all/every one" } } 8 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.15.8", "source": "Ἔσχατον δὲ πάντων ὡσπερεὶ τῷ ἐκτρώματι, ὤφθη κἀμοί.", "text": "*Eschaton de pantōn hōsperei* the *ektrōmati*, he *ōphthē kamoi*", "grammar": { "*Eschaton*": "adverbial accusative, neuter, singular - last", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*pantōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of all", "*hōsperei*": "conjunction - as if/as it were", "*ektrōmati*": "dative, neuter, singular - untimely birth/miscarriage", "*ōphthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was seen/appeared", "*kamoi*": "dative, 1st person singular (contracted) - to me also" }, "variants": { "*Eschaton*": "last/finally/lastly", "*de*": "but/and/now", "*pantōn*": "of all things/of all people", "*hōsperei*": "as if/as it were/like", "*ektrōmati*": "untimely birth/one abnormally born/miscarriage/abortion", "*ōphthē*": "was seen/appeared/showed himself", "*kamoi*": "to me also/even to me" } }
• Heb 3:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Hebrews.3.12", "source": "Βλέπετε, ἀδελφοί, μήποτε ἔσται ἔν τινι ὑμῶν καρδία πονηρὰ ἀπιστίας, ἐν τῷ ἀποστῆναι ἀπὸ Θεοῦ ζῶντος.", "text": "*Blepete*, *adelphoi*, *mēpote* *estai* in *tini* of you *kardia* *ponēra* *apistias*, in the *apostēnai* from *Theou* *zōntos*.", "grammar": { "*Blepete*": "present imperative, 2nd person plural - see/take heed/beware", "*adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers", "*mēpote*": "conjunction - lest/perhaps/that not", "*estai*": "future indicative, 3rd person singular - will be", "*tini*": "indefinite pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - anyone/someone", "*kardia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - heart", "*ponēra*": "nominative, feminine, singular - evil/wicked", "*apistias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of unbelief/faithlessness", "*apostēnai*": "aorist infinitive - to depart/withdraw", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*zōntos*": "present participle, genitive, masculine, singular - living" }, "variants": { "*Blepete*": "take heed/beware/see to it", "*adelphoi*": "brothers/siblings/brethren", "*mēpote*": "lest/in case/that not", "*kardia*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*ponēra*": "evil/wicked/malicious", "*apistias*": "unbelief/unfaithfulness/lack of trust", "*apostēnai*": "to depart/withdraw/fall away", "*zōntos*": "living/alive/life-giving" } }
• Heb 3:18-4:2 : 18 { "verseID": "Hebrews.3.18", "source": "Τίσιν δὲ ὤμοσεν μὴ εἰσελεύσεσθαι εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν αὐτοῦ, εἰ μὴ τοῖς ἀπειθήσασιν;", "text": "To *tisin* *de* *ōmosen* *mē* *eiseleusesthai* into the *katapausin* of him, *ei mē* to the ones *apeithēsasin*?", "grammar": { "*tisin*": "interrogative pronoun, dative, masculine, plural - to whom?", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*ōmosen*": "aorist indicative, 3rd person singular - he swore", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*eiseleusesthai*": "future infinitive - to enter", "*katapausin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - rest/resting place", "*ei mē*": "exceptive phrase - except/if not", "*apeithēsasin*": "aorist active participle, dative, masculine, plural - to those who disobeyed" }, "variants": { "*tisin*": "to whom?/for whom?/against whom?", "*ōmosen*": "swore/took an oath", "*eiseleusesthai*": "to enter/to go into", "*katapausin*": "rest/resting place/cessation from labor", "*ei mē*": "except/if not/but only", "*apeithēsasin*": "those who disobeyed/those who were unbelieving/those who rebelled" } } 19 { "verseID": "Hebrews.3.19", "source": "Καὶ βλέπομεν ὅτι οὐκ ἠδυνήθησαν εἰσελθεῖν διʼ ἀπιστίαν.", "text": "And *blepomen* that not *ēdynēthēsan* *eiselthein* *di'* *apistian*.", "grammar": { "*blepomen*": "present indicative, 1st person plural - we see", "*ēdynēthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they were able", "*eiselthein*": "aorist infinitive - to enter", "*di'*": "preposition + accusative - because of/through", "*apistian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - unbelief/faithlessness" }, "variants": { "*blepomen*": "we see/we observe/we perceive", "*ēdynēthēsan*": "they were able/they could/they had power", "*eiselthein*": "to enter/to go in", "*di'*": "because of/through/on account of", "*apistian*": "unbelief/lack of faith/unfaithfulness" } } 1 { "verseID": "Hebrews.4.1", "source": "Φοβηθῶμεν οὖν, μήποτε, καταλειπομένης ἐπαγγελίας εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν αὐτοῦ, δοκῇ τις ἐξ ὑμῶν ὑστερηκέναι.", "text": "Let us *phobeō* therefore, lest, being *kataleipomenēs* *epangelia* to *eiselthein* into the *katapausin* of him, *dokē* anyone from you to have *hysterēkenai*.", "grammar": { "*phobeō*": "aorist subjunctive, 1st person plural - let us fear/be cautious", "*kataleipomenēs*": "present passive participle, genitive feminine singular - being left/remaining", "*epangelia*": "genitive feminine singular - promise", "*eiselthein*": "aorist infinitive - to enter", "*katapausin*": "accusative feminine singular - rest/cessation", "*dokē*": "present subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might seem/appear", "*hysterēkenai*": "perfect active infinitive - to have fallen short/failed" }, "variants": { "*phobeō*": "fear/be afraid/be cautious/reverence", "*kataleipomenēs*": "left behind/remaining/being abandoned", "*epangelia*": "promise/announcement/proclamation", "*katapausin*": "rest/cessation/repose/dwelling place", "*hysterēkenai*": "fallen short/failed/come too late/be inferior" } } 2 { "verseID": "Hebrews.4.2", "source": "Καὶ γάρ ἐσμεν εὐηγγελισμένοι, καθάπερ κἀκεῖνοι: ἀλλʼ οὐκ ὠφέλησεν ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀκοῆς ἐκείνους, μὴ συγκεκραμένος τῇ πίστει τοῖς ἀκούσασιν.", "text": "For indeed we are *euēngelismenoi*, just as *kakeinoi*: but not *ōphelēsen* the *logos* of the *akoēs* those, not being *synkekramenos* with the *pistei* to those having *akousasin*.", "grammar": { "*euēngelismenoi*": "perfect passive participle, nominative masculine plural - having been evangelized/received good news", "*kakeinoi*": "contraction of 'kai ekeinoi' - also those/they also", "*ōphelēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - benefited/helped/profited", "*logos*": "nominative masculine singular - word/message", "*akoēs*": "genitive feminine singular - hearing/report/message heard", "*synkekramenos*": "perfect passive participle, nominative masculine singular - having been mixed/united with", "*pistei*": "dative feminine singular - faith/belief/trust", "*akousasin*": "aorist active participle, dative masculine plural - having heard" }, "variants": { "*euēngelismenoi*": "evangelized/had the gospel preached/received good news", "*logos*": "word/message/account/reason", "*akoēs*": "hearing/the thing heard/report/rumor", "*synkekramenos*": "mixed with/united with/blended with/joined with", "*pistei*": "faith/trust/belief/faithfulness" } }
• Heb 10:38-39 : 38 { "verseID": "Hebrews.10.38", "source": "Ὁ δὲ δίκαιος ἐκ πίστεως ζήσεται: καὶ ἐὰν ὑποστείληται, οὐκ εὐδοκεῖ ἡ ψυχή μου ἐν αὐτῷ.", "text": "The but *dikaios* from *pisteōs zēsetai*: and if he *hyposteilētai*, not *eudokei* the *psychē* of me in him.", "grammar": { "*dikaios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - righteous/just", "*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of faith", "*zēsetai*": "future, middle, indicative, 3rd person, singular - will live", "*hyposteilētai*": "aorist, middle, subjunctive, 3rd person, singular - draws back/shrinks", "*eudokei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - takes pleasure in", "*psychē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - soul" }, "variants": { "*dikaios*": "righteous person/just person", "*pisteōs*": "faith/trust/belief", "*zēsetai*": "will live/shall have life", "*hyposteilētai*": "draws back/shrinks/withdraws", "*eudokei*": "takes pleasure in/is pleased with", "*psychē*": "soul/inner being/self" } } 39 { "verseID": "Hebrews.10.39", "source": "Ἡμεῖς δὲ οὐκ ἐσμὲν ὑποστολῆς εἰς ἀπώλειαν· ἀλλὰ πίστεως εἰς περιποίησιν ψυχῆς.", "text": "We but not *esmen hypostolēs* to *apōleian*; but of *pisteōs* to *peripoiēsin psychēs*.", "grammar": { "*esmen*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person, plural - we are", "*hypostolēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of shrinking back/drawing back", "*apōleian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - destruction/perdition", "*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of faith", "*peripoiēsin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - preservation/saving", "*psychēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of soul" }, "variants": { "*hypostolēs*": "shrinking back/drawing back/withdrawal", "*apōleian*": "destruction/ruin/perdition", "*peripoiēsin*": "preservation/saving/gaining", "*psychēs*": "soul/life" } }
• Job 9:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Job.9.16", "source": "אִם־קָרָ֥אתִי וַֽיַּעֲנֵ֑נִי לֹֽא־אַ֝אֲמִ֗ין כִּֽי־יַאֲזִ֥ין קוֹלִֽי׃", "text": "*ʾim-qārāʾtî* *wa-yaʿănēnî* *lōʾ-ʾaʾămîn* *kî-yaʾăzîn* *qôlî*", "grammar": { "*ʾim-qārāʾtî*": "conditional particle + qal perfect 1st person singular - if I called", "*wa-yaʿănēnî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - and he answered me", "*lōʾ-ʾaʾămîn*": "negative particle + hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I would not believe", "*kî-yaʾăzîn*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - that he would listen to", "*qôlî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my voice" }, "variants": { "*qārāʾtî*": "to call, cry out, summon", "*yaʿănēnî*": "to answer, respond, reply", "*ʾaʾămîn*": "to believe, trust, have faith in", "*yaʾăzîn*": "to hear, listen, pay attention to", "*qôlî*": "voice, sound, noise" } }
• Ps 78:11-22 : 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.11", "source": "וַיִּשְׁכְּח֥וּ עֲלִילוֹתָ֑יו וְ֝נִפְלְאוֹתָ֗יו אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֶרְאָֽם׃", "text": "And they *wayyišəkᵉḥû* his *ʿălîlôtāyw* and his *wᵉnip̄lᵉʾôtāyw* *ʾăšer* he *herʾām*", "grammar": { "*wayyišəkᵉḥû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they forgot", "*ʿălîlôtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his deeds/works", "*wᵉnip̄lᵉʾôtāyw*": "waw conjunctive + noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his wonders/marvelous deeds", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*herʾām*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he showed/caused them to see" }, "variants": { "*wayyišəkᵉḥû*": "and they forgot/neglected/ignored", "*ʿălîlôtāyw*": "his deeds/works/actions/practices", "*nip̄lᵉʾôtāyw*": "his wonders/marvelous deeds/miracles", "*herʾām*": "he showed them/caused them to see/displayed to them" } } 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.12", "source": "נֶ֣גֶד אֲ֭בוֹתָם עָ֣שָׂה פֶ֑לֶא בְּאֶ֖רֶץ מִצְרַ֣יִם שְׂדֵה־צֹֽעַן׃", "text": "In front of *neḡeḏ* their *ʾăḇôtām* he *ʿāśâ* *p̄eleʾ* in land of *bᵉʾereṣ* *miṣrayim* field of-*śᵉḏê*-*ṣōʿan*", "grammar": { "*neḡeḏ*": "preposition - in front of/in the sight of", "*ʾăḇôtām*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*ʿāśâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he did/made/performed", "*p̄eleʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - wonder/marvel", "*bᵉʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in the land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*śᵉḏê*": "noun, masculine singular construct - field of", "*ṣōʿan*": "proper noun - Zoan" }, "variants": { "*neḡeḏ*": "in front of/in the sight of/before/in the presence of", "*ʿāśâ*": "did/made/performed/accomplished", "*p̄eleʾ*": "wonder/marvel/miracle/extraordinary act", "*śᵉḏê*": "field/country/territory/region" } } 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.13", "source": "בָּ֣קַע יָ֭ם וַיַּֽעֲבִירֵ֑ם וַֽיַּצֶּב־מַ֥יִם כְּמוֹ־נֵ‪[c]‬ד׃", "text": "He *bāqaʿ* *yām* and he *wayyaʿăḇîrēm* and he *wayyaṣṣeḇ*-*mayim* like-*kᵉmô*-*nēḏ*", "grammar": { "*bāqaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he split/divided", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea", "*wayyaʿăḇîrēm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he caused them to pass through", "*wayyaṣṣeḇ*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he caused to stand", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*kᵉmô*": "preposition - like/as", "*nēḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - heap/pile" }, "variants": { "*bāqaʿ*": "split/divided/broke open/tore", "*yām*": "sea/large body of water", "*wayyaʿăḇîrēm*": "and he caused them to pass through/led them across", "*wayyaṣṣeḇ*": "and he caused to stand/set up/established", "*nēḏ*": "heap/pile/mound/wall" } } 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.14", "source": "וַיַּנְחֵ֣ם בֶּעָנָ֣ן יוֹמָ֑ם וְכָל־הַ֝לַּ֗יְלָה בְּא֣וֹר אֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "And he *wayyanḥēm* in *beʿānān* by *yômām* and all-*wᵉḵāl*-the *hallaylâ* in light of *bᵉʾôr* *ʾēš*", "grammar": { "*wayyanḥēm*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he led them", "*beʿānān*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - with/by a cloud", "*yômām*": "adverb - by day/daily", "*wᵉḵāl*": "waw conjunctive + noun, masculine singular construct - and all of", "*hallaylâ*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the night", "*bᵉʾôr*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in/with light of", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire" }, "variants": { "*wayyanḥēm*": "and he led them/guided them", "*ʿānān*": "cloud/cloud mass", "*yômām*": "by day/daily/daytime", "*ʾôr*": "light/illumination/brightness", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame" } } 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.15", "source": "יְבַקַּ֣ע צֻ֭רִים בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר וַ֝יַּ֗שְׁקְ כִּתְהֹמ֥וֹת רַבָּֽה׃", "text": "He *yᵉḇaqqaʿ* *ṣûrîm* in the *bammiḏbār* and he *wayyašq* like *kitᵉhōmôt* *rabbâ*", "grammar": { "*yᵉḇaqqaʿ*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he split/broke open", "*ṣûrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - rocks", "*bammiḏbār*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness/desert", "*wayyašq*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he gave drink", "*kitᵉhōmôt*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural - like depths/deep places", "*rabbâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - great/many/abundant" }, "variants": { "*yᵉḇaqqaʿ*": "split/broke open/cleaved/divided", "*ṣûrîm*": "rocks/cliffs/rocky places", "*miḏbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*wayyašq*": "and he gave drink/caused to drink/watered", "*tᵉhōmôt*": "depths/deep places/abysses/oceans", "*rabbâ*": "great/many/abundant/plentiful" } } 16 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.16", "source": "וַיּוֹצִ֣א נוֹזְלִ֣ים מִסָּ֑לַע וַיּ֖וֹרֶד כַּנְּהָר֣וֹת מָֽיִם׃", "text": "And he *wayyôṣiʾ* *nôzᵉlîm* from *missālaʿ* and he caused to run down *wayyôreḏ* like the *kannᵉhārôt* *māyim*", "grammar": { "*wayyôṣiʾ*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he brought out", "*nôzᵉlîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - flowing streams", "*missālaʿ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from rock/cliff", "*wayyôreḏ*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he caused to run down", "*kannᵉhārôt*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine plural - like the rivers", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters" }, "variants": { "*wayyôṣiʾ*": "and he brought out/caused to come forth/produced", "*nôzᵉlîm*": "flowing streams/flowing things/floods", "*sālaʿ*": "rock/cliff/crag", "*wayyôreḏ*": "and he caused to run down/sent down/made flow", "*nᵉhārôt*": "rivers/streams/flowing waters" } } 17 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.17", "source": "וַיּוֹסִ֣יפוּ ע֖‪[d]‬וֹד לַחֲטֹא־ל֑וֹ לַֽמְר֥וֹת עֶ֝לְי֗וֹן בַּצִּיָּֽה׃", "text": "And they *wayyôsîp̄û* *ʿôḏ* to sin against-*laḥăṭōʾ*-him to rebel against *lamrôt* *ʿelyôn* in the *baṣṣiyyâ*", "grammar": { "*wayyôsîp̄û*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they continued/added", "*ʿôḏ*": "adverb - still/yet/again", "*laḥăṭōʾ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to sin against", "*lô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against him", "*lamrôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to rebel against/provoke", "*ʿelyôn*": "adjective, masculine singular - Most High", "*baṣṣiyyâ*": "preposition + article + noun, feminine singular - in the dry/parched region" }, "variants": { "*wayyôsîp̄û*": "and they continued/added/increased/did more", "*laḥăṭōʾ*": "to sin against/offend/miss the mark", "*lamrôt*": "to rebel against/provoke/be contentious with", "*ʿelyôn*": "Most High/Highest/Supreme", "*ṣiyyâ*": "dry region/parched land/desert" } } 18 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.18", "source": "וַיְנַסּוּ־אֵ֥ל בִּלְבָבָ֑ם לִֽשְׁאָל־אֹ֥כֶל לְנַפְשָֽׁם׃", "text": "And they *wayᵉnassû*-*ʾēl* in their *bilḇāḇām* to ask-*lišʾāl*-*ʾōḵel* for their *lᵉnap̄šām*", "grammar": { "*wayᵉnassû*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they tested/tried", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God", "*bilḇāḇām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their heart", "*lišʾāl*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to ask/request", "*ʾōḵel*": "noun, masculine singular - food", "*lᵉnap̄šām*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - for their appetite/desire" }, "variants": { "*wayᵉnassû*": "and they tested/tried/put to the test", "*ʾēl*": "God/mighty one/power", "*lēḇāḇ*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*lišʾāl*": "to ask/request/demand", "*ʾōḵel*": "food/nourishment/provisions", "*nep̄eš*": "appetite/desire/life/self/person" } } 19 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.19", "source": "וַֽיְדַבְּר֗וּ בֵּֽאלֹ֫הִ֥ים אָ֭מְרוּ הֲי֣וּכַל אֵ֑ל לַעֲרֹ֥ךְ שֻׁ֝לְחָ֗ן בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃", "text": "And they *wayᵉḏabbᵉrû* against *bēʾlōhîm* they *ʾāmᵉrû* is *hăyûḵal* *ʾēl* to prepare *laʿărōḵ* *šulḥān* in the *bammiḏbār*", "grammar": { "*wayᵉḏabbᵉrû*": "waw consecutive + piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they spoke", "*bēʾlōhîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - against God", "*ʾāmᵉrû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they said", "*hăyûḵal*": "interrogative + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is able", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God", "*laʿărōḵ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to prepare/arrange", "*šulḥān*": "noun, masculine singular - table", "*bammiḏbār*": "preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness/desert" }, "variants": { "*wayᵉḏabbᵉrû*": "and they spoke/talked/said", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/judges", "*hăyûḵal*": "is able/can/is capable", "*ʾēl*": "God/mighty one/power", "*laʿărōḵ*": "to prepare/arrange/set in order", "*šulḥān*": "table/meal/feast", "*miḏbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land" } } 20 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.20", "source": "הֵ֤ן הִכָּה־צ֨וּר ׀ וַיָּז֣וּבוּ מַיִם֮ וּנְחָלִ֢ים יִ֫שְׁטֹ֥פוּ הֲגַם־לֶ֭חֶם י֣וּכַל תֵּ֑ת אִם־יָכִ֖ין שְׁאֵ֣ר לְעַמּֽוֹ׃", "text": "Behold *hēn* he struck-*hikkâ*-*ṣûr* and *wayyāzûḇû* *mayim* and *ûnᵉḥālîm* *yišṭōp̄û* is also-*hăḡam*-*leḥem* he *yûḵal* *tēt* if-*ʾim*-he can prepare *yāḵîn* *šᵉʾēr* for his *lᵉʿammô*", "grammar": { "*hēn*": "interjection - behold/look", "*hikkâ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he struck", "*ṣûr*": "noun, masculine singular - rock", "*wayyāzûḇû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they gushed out", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*ûnᵉḥālîm*": "waw conjunctive + noun, masculine plural - and streams/wadis", "*yišṭōp̄û*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they overflow/flood", "*hăḡam*": "interrogative + adverb - is also/even", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread/food", "*yûḵal*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he is able", "*tēt*": "qal infinitive construct - to give", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if", "*yāḵîn*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he can prepare", "*šᵉʾēr*": "noun, masculine singular - meat/flesh/food", "*lᵉʿammô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - for his people" }, "variants": { "*hikkâ*": "struck/smote/hit", "*ṣûr*": "rock/cliff/crag", "*wayyāzûḇû*": "and they gushed out/flowed freely", "*nᵉḥālîm*": "streams/wadis/torrents", "*yišṭōp̄û*": "they overflow/flood/rush", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/grain", "*yûḵal*": "he is able/can/is capable", "*tēt*": "to give/grant/place", "*yāḵîn*": "he can prepare/provide/make ready", "*šᵉʾēr*": "meat/flesh/food" } } 21 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.21", "source": "לָכֵ֤ן ׀ שָׁמַ֥ע יְהוָ֗ה וַֽיִּתְעַבָּ֥ר וְ֭אֵשׁ נִשְּׂקָ֣ה בְיַעֲקֹ֑ב וְגַם־אַ֝֗ף עָלָ֥ה בְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "Therefore *lāḵēn* *šāmaʿ* *YHWH* and was *wayyitʿabbār* and *wᵉʾēš* *niśśᵉqâ* in *ḇᵉyaʿăqōḇ* and also-*wᵉḡam*-anger *ʾap̄* *ʿālâ* in *ḇᵉyiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*lāḵēn*": "adverb - therefore/thus", "*šāmaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he heard", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*wayyitʿabbār*": "waw consecutive + hithpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he became angry", "*wᵉʾēš*": "waw conjunctive + noun, feminine singular - and fire", "*niśśᵉqâ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - was kindled", "*ḇᵉyaʿăqōḇ*": "preposition + proper noun - in Jacob", "*wᵉḡam*": "waw conjunctive + adverb - and also/even", "*ʾap̄*": "noun, masculine singular - anger/nose", "*ʿālâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - arose/went up", "*ḇᵉyiśrāʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - in Israel" }, "variants": { "*lāḵēn*": "therefore/thus/for this reason", "*šāmaʿ*": "heard/listened to/heeded", "*wayyitʿabbār*": "and he became angry/was furious/raged", "*niśśᵉqâ*": "was kindled/ignited/set ablaze", "*ʾap̄*": "anger/wrath/nose", "*ʿālâ*": "arose/went up/mounted" } } 22 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.22", "source": "כִּ֤י לֹ֣א הֶ֭אֱמִינוּ בֵּאלֹהִ֑ים וְלֹ֥א בָ֝טְח֗וּ בִּֽישׁוּעָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "Because *kî* not *lōʾ* *heʾĕmînû* in *bēʾlōhîm* and not *wᵉlōʾ* *bāṭᵉḥû* in his *bîšûʿātô*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*heʾĕmînû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they believed", "*bēʾlōhîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - in God", "*wᵉlōʾ*": "waw conjunctive + negative particle - and not", "*bāṭᵉḥû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they trusted", "*bîšûʿātô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his salvation/deliverance" }, "variants": { "*heʾĕmînû*": "they believed/had faith in/trusted", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/judges", "*bāṭᵉḥû*": "they trusted/relied on/were confident in", "*yᵉšûʿâ*": "salvation/deliverance/victory/help" } }
• Ps 78:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.32", "source": "בְּכָל־זֹ֥את חָֽטְאוּ־ע֑וֹד וְלֹֽא־הֶ֝אֱמִ֗ינוּ בְּנִפְלְאוֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "in-all-this *ḥāṭəʾû*-*ʿōd* and-not-*heʾĕmînû* in-*niphləʾōtāyw*", "grammar": { "*ḥāṭəʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural - they sinned", "*ʿōd*": "adverb - still/yet/again", "*heʾĕmînû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine plural - they believed/trusted", "*niphləʾōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wonders/wonderful acts" }, "variants": { "*ḥāṭəʾû*": "sinned/missed the mark/failed", "*heʾĕmînû*": "believed/trusted/had faith in", "*niphləʾōtāyw*": "wonders/miracles/marvelous deeds" } }
• Ps 95:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.95.8", "source": "אַל־תַּקְשׁ֣וּ לְ֭בַבְכֶם כִּמְרִיבָ֑ה כְּי֥וֹם מַ֝סָּ֗ה בַּמִּדְבָּֽר", "text": "Not-*taqšû* your-*lēbāb* as-*mĕrîbâ* as-*yôm* *massâ* in-the-*midbār*", "grammar": { "*taqšû*": "jussive, 2nd person masculine plural, hiphil with negative particle - do not harden", "*lēbāb*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your heart", "*mĕrîbâ*": "proper name with prefixed preposition kaf - like Meribah", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition kaf - like the day of", "*massâ*": "proper name - Massah", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and prefixed preposition bet - in the wilderness" }, "variants": { "*taqšû*": "harden/stiffen/make stubborn", "*lēbāb*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*mĕrîbâ*": "Meribah/contention/quarrel", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*massâ*": "Massah/testing", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.95.9", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִ֭סּוּנִי אֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם בְּ֝חָנ֗וּנִי גַּם־רָא֥וּ פָעֳלֽ͏ִי", "text": "*ʾăšer* *nissûnî* your-*ʾăbôtêkem* *beḥānûnî* also-*rāʾû* *pāʿolî*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - when/where", "*nissûnî*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural, piel with 1st person singular suffix - they tested me", "*ʾăbôtêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*beḥānûnî*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural, qal with 1st person singular suffix - they tried me", "*rāʾû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural, qal - they saw", "*pāʿolî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my work" }, "variants": { "*ʾăšer*": "when/where/which", "*nissûnî*": "tested me/tried me/put me to the test", "*ʾăbôtêkem*": "your fathers/your ancestors", "*beḥānûnî*": "tried me/tested me/proved me", "*rāʾû*": "saw/perceived/observed", "*pāʿolî*": "my work/my deed/my action" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.95.10", "source": "אַרְבָּ֘עִ֤ים שָׁנָ֨ה ׀ אָ֘ק֤וּט בְּד֗וֹר וָאֹמַ֗ר עַ֤ם תֹּעֵ֣י לֵבָ֣ב הֵ֑ם וְ֝הֵ֗ם לֹא־יָדְע֥וּ דְרָכָֽי", "text": "*ʾarbāʿîm* *šānâ* *ʾāqûṭ* with-*dôr* and-*ʾōmar* *ʿam* *tōʿê* *lēbāb* they and-they not-*yādĕʿû* *dĕrākāy*", "grammar": { "*ʾarbāʿîm*": "cardinal number - forty", "*šānâ*": "feminine singular noun - year", "*ʾāqûṭ*": "imperfect, 1st person singular, qal - I loathed/was disgusted", "*dôr*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition bet - with generation", "*ʾōmar*": "imperfect with waw consecutive, 1st person singular, qal - and I said", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular noun - people", "*tōʿê*": "masculine plural participle, qal - erring/wandering", "*lēbāb*": "masculine singular noun - heart", "*yādĕʿû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural, qal with negative particle - they did not know", "*dĕrākāy*": "feminine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my ways" }, "variants": { "*ʾarbāʿîm*": "forty", "*šānâ*": "year", "*ʾāqûṭ*": "loathed/was disgusted/was grieved", "*dôr*": "generation/period/age", "*ʾōmar*": "said/declared/spoke", "*ʿam*": "people/nation", "*tōʿê*": "erring/wandering/going astray", "*lēbāb*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*yādĕʿû*": "knew/understood/experienced", "*dĕrākāy*": "my ways/my paths/my methods" } }
• Ps 106:21-24 : 21 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.21", "source": "שָׁ֭כְחוּ אֵ֣ל מוֹשִׁיעָ֑ם עֹשֶׂ֖ה גְדֹל֣וֹת בְּמִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "*šākəḥū* *'ēl* *mōšî'ām* *'ōśeh* *gədōlōt* in-*miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*šākəḥū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they forgot", "*'ēl*": "noun, masculine, singular - God", "*mōšî'ām*": "hiphil participle + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, singular - their savior", "*'ōśeh*": "qal participle, masculine, singular construct - doer of", "*gədōlōt*": "adjective, feminine, plural - great things", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*šākəḥū*": "they forgot/neglected/ignored", "*'ēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*mōšî'ām*": "their savior/deliverer/rescuer", "*'ōśeh*": "doer/maker/performer", "*gədōlōt*": "great things/mighty deeds/wonders", "*miṣrāyim*": "Egypt/Mitzrayim" } } 22 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.22", "source": "נִ֭פְלָאוֹת בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חָ֑ם נ֝וֹרָא֗וֹת עַל־יַם־סֽוּף׃", "text": "*niflā'ōt* in-*'ereṣ* *Ḥām* *nōrā'ōt* at-*yam-sūf*", "grammar": { "*niflā'ōt*": "niphal participle, feminine, plural - wonders", "*'ereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - land of", "*Ḥām*": "proper noun - Ham", "*nōrā'ōt*": "niphal participle, feminine, plural - fearful/awesome things", "*yam-sūf*": "proper noun - Red Sea/Sea of Reeds" }, "variants": { "*niflā'ōt*": "wonders/marvelous works/miracles", "*'ereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*nōrā'ōt*": "fearful things/awesome deeds/terrifying acts", "*yam-sūf*": "Red Sea/Sea of Reeds" } } 23 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.23", "source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר לְֽהַשְׁמִ֫ידָ֥ם לוּלֵ֡י מֹ֘שֶׁ֤ה בְחִיר֗וֹ עָמַ֣ד בַּפֶּ֣רֶץ לְפָנָ֑יו לְהָשִׁ֥יב חֲ֝מָת֗וֹ מֵֽהַשְׁחִֽית׃", "text": "*wayyō'mer* to-*ləhašmîdām* unless *Mōšeh* *bəḥîrō* *'āmad* in-*pereṣ* before-him to-*ləhāšîb* *ḥămātō* from-*hašḥît*", "grammar": { "*wayyō'mer*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ləhašmîdām*": "hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person plural suffix - to destroy them", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*bəḥîrō*": "adjective + 3rd person suffix, masculine, singular - his chosen one", "*'āmad*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - stood", "*pereṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - breach/gap", "*ləhāšîb*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to turn away", "*ḥămātō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his wrath", "*hašḥît*": "hiphil infinitive construct - destroying" }, "variants": { "*wayyō'mer*": "and he said/declared/spoke", "*ləhašmîdām*": "to destroy them/annihilate them/exterminate them", "*bəḥîrō*": "his chosen one/elect/selected one", "*'āmad*": "stood/positioned himself/took a stand", "*pereṣ*": "breach/gap/broken area", "*ləhāšîb*": "to turn away/return/bring back", "*ḥămātō*": "his wrath/fury/anger", "*hašḥît*": "destroying/ruining/corrupting" } } 24 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.24", "source": "וַֽ֭יִּמְאֲסוּ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חֶמְדָּ֑ה לֹֽא־הֶ֝אֱמִ֗ינוּ לִדְבָרֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wayyim'ăsū* in-*'ereṣ* *ḥemdāh* not-*he'ĕmînū* to-*dəbārō*", "grammar": { "*wayyim'ăsū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they despised", "*'ereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - land of", "*ḥemdāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - desirability/pleasant", "*he'ĕmînū*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they believed", "*dəbārō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, masculine, singular - his word" }, "variants": { "*wayyim'ăsū*": "and they despised/rejected/spurned", "*'ereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*ḥemdāh*": "desirable/pleasant/delightful", "*he'ĕmînū*": "they believed/trusted/had faith in", "*dəbārō*": "his word/promise/command" } }
• Matt 16:1-4 : 1 { "verseID": "Matthew.16.1", "source": "¶Καὶ προσελθόντες οἱ Φαρισαῖοι καὶ Σαδδουκαῖοι, πειράζοντες ἐπηρώτησαν αὐτὸν σημεῖον ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἐπιδεῖξαι αὐτοῖς.", "text": "And *proselthontes* the *Pharisaioi* and *Saddoukaioi*, *peirazontes* *epērōtēsan* him *sēmeion* from the *ouranos* *epideixai* to them.", "grammar": { "*proselthontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine - having come/approached", "*Pharisaioi*": "nominative plural masculine - Pharisees", "*Saddoukaioi*": "nominative plural masculine - Sadducees", "*peirazontes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - testing/tempting", "*epērōtēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they asked/questioned", "*sēmeion*": "accusative singular neuter - sign", "*ouranos*": "genitive singular masculine - heaven/sky", "*epideixai*": "aorist active infinitive - to show/display" }, "variants": { "*peirazontes*": "testing/tempting/trying", "*sēmeion*": "sign/miracle/proof", "*ouranos*": "heaven/sky", "*epideixai*": "to show/display/demonstrate" } } 2 { "verseID": "Matthew.16.2", "source": "Ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς, Ὀψίας γενομένης, λέγετε, Εὐδία: πυρράζει γὰρ ὁ οὐρανός.", "text": "He *de* *apokritheis* *eipen* to them, *Opsias* *genomenēs*, you say, *Eudia*: *pyrrazei* for the *ouranos*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*apokritheis*": "aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculine - having answered", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said", "*Opsias*": "genitive singular feminine - evening", "*genomenēs*": "aorist middle participle, genitive singular feminine - having come/become", "*Eudia*": "nominative singular feminine - fair weather", "*pyrrazei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is red/fiery", "*ouranos*": "nominative singular masculine - heaven/sky" }, "variants": { "*apokritheis*": "having answered/responded", "*Opsias genomenēs*": "when evening has come/at evening", "*Eudia*": "fair weather/clear sky", "*pyrrazei*": "is red/fiery/reddish", "*ouranos*": "heaven/sky" } } 3 { "verseID": "Matthew.16.3", "source": "Καὶ πρωΐ, Σήμερον χειμών: πυρράζει γὰρ στυγνάζων ὁ οὐρανός. Ὑποκριταί, τὸ μὲν πρόσωπον τοῦ οὐρανοῦ γινώσκετε διακρίνειν· τὰ δὲ σημεῖα τῶν καιρῶν οὐ δύνασθε;", "text": "And in *prōi*, Today *cheimōn*: *pyrrazei* for *stygnazon* the *ouranos*. *Hypokritai*, the *men* *prosōpon* of the *ouranos* you *ginōskete* *diakrinein*; the *de* *sēmeia* of the *kairōn* not you *dynasthe*?", "grammar": { "*prōi*": "adverb - early/in the morning", "*cheimōn*": "nominative singular masculine - storm/winter/bad weather", "*pyrrazei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is red/fiery", "*stygnazon*": "present active participle, nominative singular masculine - being gloomy/dark", "*ouranos*": "nominative singular masculine - heaven/sky", "*Hypokritai*": "vocative plural masculine - hypocrites", "*men*": "particle - on one hand (sets up contrast with *de*)", "*prosōpon*": "accusative singular neuter - face/appearance", "*ginōskete*": "present active indicative, 2nd person plural - you know", "*diakrinein*": "present active infinitive - to discern/judge", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and (contrast with *men*)", "*sēmeia*": "accusative plural neuter - signs", "*kairōn*": "genitive plural masculine - times/seasons/opportune moments", "*dynasthe*": "present middle/passive indicative, 2nd person plural - you are able" }, "variants": { "*cheimōn*": "stormy weather/winter/tempest", "*stygnazon*": "gloomy/dark/threatening", "*Hypokritai*": "hypocrites/pretenders/actors", "*prosōpon*": "face/appearance/countenance", "*diakrinein*": "to discern/judge/distinguish", "*kairōn*": "times/seasons/opportune moments", "*dynasthe*": "you are able/can/have power" } } 4 { "verseID": "Matthew.16.4", "source": "Γενεὰ πονηρὰ καὶ μοιχαλὶς σημεῖον ἐπιζητεῖ· καὶ σημεῖον οὐ δοθήσεται αὐτῇ, εἰ μὴ τὸ σημεῖον Ἰωνᾶ τοῦ προφήτου. Καὶ καταλιπὼν αὐτούς, ἀπῆλθεν.", "text": "*Genea* *ponēra* and *moichalis* *sēmeion* *epizētei*; and *sēmeion* not *dothēsetai* to it, *ei mē* the *sēmeion* of *Iōna* the *prophētou*. And *katalipōn* them, he *apēlthen*.", "grammar": { "*Genea*": "nominative singular feminine - generation", "*ponēra*": "nominative singular feminine - evil/wicked", "*moichalis*": "nominative singular feminine - adulterous", "*sēmeion*": "accusative singular neuter - sign", "*epizētei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - seeks after/demands", "*dothēsetai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd person singular - will be given", "*ei mē*": "conditional negative expression - except/if not", "*Iōna*": "genitive singular masculine - Jonah", "*prophētou*": "genitive singular masculine - prophet", "*katalipōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine - having left", "*apēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he departed/went away" }, "variants": { "*Genea*": "generation/race/family", "*ponēra*": "evil/wicked/corrupt", "*moichalis*": "adulterous/unfaithful", "*epizētei*": "seeks after/demands/requires", "*katalipōn*": "having left/abandoned/forsaken", "*apēlthen*": "departed/went away" } }
• Matt 27:42 : 42 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.42", "source": "Ἄλλους ἔσωσεν· ἑαυτὸν οὐ δύναται σῶσαι. Εἰ Βασιλεὺς Ἰσραήλ ἐστιν, καταβάτω νῦν ἀπὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ, καὶ πιστεύσομεν αὐτῷ.", "text": "Others he *esōsen*; himself not he *dynatai* *sōsai*. If *Basileus* *Israēl* he is, let him *katabatō* now from the *staurou*, and we will *pisteusomen* him.", "grammar": { "*esōsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - saved/rescued", "*dynatai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd singular - is able", "*sōsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to save", "*Basileus*": "nominative, masculine, singular - king", "*Israēl*": "genitive, masculine - proper name Israel", "*katabatō*": "aorist active imperative, 3rd singular - let him come down", "*staurou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - cross/stake", "*pisteusomen*": "future active indicative, 1st plural - we will believe" }, "variants": { "*esōsen*": "saved/rescued/delivered", "*dynatai*": "is able/can/has power", "*sōsai*": "to save/rescue/deliver", "*Basileus*": "king/ruler/monarch", "*katabatō*": "let him come down/descend [command]", "*pisteusomen*": "we will believe/trust/have faith in" } }