2 Timothy 4:1

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

I solemnly charge you before God and Christ Jesus, who is going to judge the living and the dead, by His appearing and His kingdom:

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Διαμαρτύρομαι οὖν ἐγὼ ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, τοῦ μέλλοντος κρίνειν ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς κατὰ τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ·

Transliteration

Diamartyromai oun egō enōpion of the Theou, and of the Kyriou Iēsou Christou, the mellontos krinein zōntas and nekrous kata the epiphaneian of him and the basileian of him

Grammar Details

• *Diamartyromai*: present indicative middle/passive, 1st person singular - I solemnly charge/testify
• *oun*: inferential conjunction - therefore/then
• *egō*: personal pronoun, nominative singular - I/myself (emphatic)
• *enōpion*: preposition + genitive - before/in the presence of
• *Theou*: noun, genitive masculine singular - of God
• *Kyriou*: noun, genitive masculine singular - of Lord
• *Iēsou*: noun, genitive masculine singular - of Jesus
• *Christou*: noun, genitive masculine singular - of Christ/Messiah
• *mellontos*: participle, present active, genitive masculine singular - who is about to/going to
• *krinein*: infinitive, present active - to judge
• *zōntas*: participle, present active, accusative masculine plural - living ones
• *nekrous*: adjective used as noun, accusative masculine plural - dead ones
• *kata*: preposition + accusative - according to/at
• *epiphaneian*: noun, accusative feminine singular - appearing/manifestation
• *basileian*: noun, accusative feminine singular - kingdom/reign

Word Meanings

• *Diamartyromai*: solemnly testify/charge/adjure
• *enōpion*: before/in the presence of/in the sight of
• *mellontos*: who is about to/who is going to/intending to
• *epiphaneian*: appearing/manifestation/visible presence
• *basileian*: kingdom/reign/royal power

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  I charge thee therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead at his appearing and his kingdom;

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  I charge you therefore before God and the Lord Jesus Christ, who will judge the living and the dead at His appearing and His kingdom;

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  I charge thee therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead at his appearing and his kingdom;

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  I{G1473} charge{G1263} [thee] in{G1473} the sight{G1799} of God,{G2316} and{G2532} of {G2962} Christ{G5547} Jesus,{G2424} who shall{G3195} judge{G2919} the living{G2198} and{G2532} the dead,{G3498} and{G2532} by his{G846} appearing{G2015} and{G2532} his{G846} kingdom:{G932}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  I{G1473} charge{G1263}{(G5736)} thee therefore{G3767} before{G1799} God{G2316}, and{G2532} the Lord{G2962} Jesus{G2424} Christ{G5547}, who{G3588} shall{G3195}{(G5723)} judge{G2919}{(G5721)} the quick{G2198}{(G5723)} and{G2532} the dead{G3498} at{G2596} his{G846} appearing{G2015} and{G2532} his{G846} kingdom{G932};

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  I testifie therfore before god and before the LORde Iesu Christ which shall iudge quicke and deed at his aperynge in his kyngdom

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  I testifye therfore before God & before the LORDE Iesu Christ, which shal come to iudge the lyuynge and the deed, at his appearynge in his kyngdome:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  I charge thee therefore before God, and before the Lorde Iesus Christ, which shall iudge the quicke and dead at that his appearing, and in his kingdome,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  I testifie therefore before God, & the Lorde Iesus Christe, which shall iudge the quicke and the dead at his appearyng, and his kingdome.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ I charge [thee] therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead at his appearing and his kingdom;

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  I charge you therefore before God and the Lord Jesus Christ, who will judge the living and the dead at his appearing and his Kingdom:

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  I do fully testify, then, before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, who is about to judge living and dead at his manifestation and his reign --

• American Standard Version (1901)

  I charge `thee' in the sight of God, and of Christ Jesus, who shall judge the living and the dead, and by his appearing and his kingdom:

• American Standard Version (1901)

  I charge [thee] in the sight of God, and of Christ Jesus, who shall judge the living and the dead, and by his appearing and his kingdom:

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  I give you orders, before God and Christ Jesus, who will be the judge of the living and the dead, and by his revelation and his kingdom;

• World English Bible (2000)

  I command you therefore before God and the Lord Jesus Christ, who will judge the living and the dead at his appearing and his Kingdom:

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Charge to Timothy Repeated I solemnly charge you before God and Christ Jesus, who is going to judge the living and the dead, and by his appearing and his kingdom:

Referenced Verses

• Acts 10:42 : 42 He commanded us to preach to the people and to testify that He is the one appointed by God to be the judge of the living and the dead.
• 1 Tim 5:21 : 21 I solemnly charge you, in the presence of God, and of Christ Jesus, and of the chosen angels, to observe these instructions without prejudice, doing nothing out of favoritism.
• Matt 16:27 : 27 For the Son of Man is going to come in His Father’s glory with His angels, and then He will repay each person according to what they have done.
• 2 Tim 2:14 : 14 Keep reminding them of these things, and solemnly warn them before God not to quarrel about words. Such arguments are useless and lead to the ruin of those who listen.
• 2 Tim 4:8 : 8 Now there is reserved for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous Judge, will award to me on that day—and not only to me but also to all who have loved His appearing.
• Titus 2:13 : 13 while we await the blessed hope and the glorious appearing of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ.
• Heb 9:27-28 : 27 And just as it is appointed for humans to die once, and after that comes judgment, 28 so Christ, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time, not to deal with sin but to bring salvation to those who are eagerly waiting for Him.
• 1 Pet 4:5 : 5 But they will have to give account to him who is ready to judge the living and the dead.
• Rev 20:11-15 : 11 Then I saw a great white throne and the one seated on it. The earth and the heavens fled from his presence, and no place was found for them. 12 And I saw the dead, both great and small, standing before the throne, and books were opened. Another book was opened, which is the book of life. The dead were judged according to what they had done as recorded in the books. 13 The sea gave up the dead that were in it, and death and Hades gave up the dead that were in them. Each person was judged according to what they had done. 14 Then death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. The lake of fire is the second death. 15 Anyone whose name was not found written in the book of life was thrown into the lake of fire.
• 1 Pet 5:4 : 4 And when the Chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the unfading crown of glory.
• 2 Pet 1:11 : 11 And in this way, your entrance into the eternal kingdom of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ will be richly provided for you.
• 2 Pet 1:17 : 17 For He received honor and glory from God the Father when the voice was conveyed to Him by the Majestic Glory: 'This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.'
• 1 John 2:28 : 28 And now, dear children, remain in Him, so that when He appears we may have confidence and not be ashamed before Him at His coming.
• Rev 1:7 : 7 Look, He is coming with the clouds, and every eye will see Him, even those who pierced Him. All the tribes of the earth will mourn because of Him. Yes, Amen.
• 1 Pet 1:7 : 7 so that the tested genuineness of your faith—more valuable than gold that perishes though refined by fire—may result in praise, glory, and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ.
• Matt 25:31-46 : 31 When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the holy angels are with him, he will sit on his glorious throne. 32 All the nations will be gathered before him, and he will separate them from one another, as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. 33 He will place the sheep on his right and the goats on his left. 34 Then the King will say to those on his right, ‘Come, you who are blessed by my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world. 35 For I was hungry, and you gave me something to eat; I was thirsty, and you gave me something to drink; I was a stranger, and you took me in; 36 I was naked, and you clothed me; I was sick, and you visited me; I was in prison, and you came to me.’ 37 Then the righteous will answer him, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry and feed you, or thirsty and give you something to drink? 38 When did we see you a stranger and take you in, or naked and clothe you? 39 When did we see you sick or in prison and come to you?’ 40 The King will reply, ‘Truly I tell you, to the extent that you did it for one of the least of these brothers and sisters of mine, you did it for me.’ 41 Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you who are cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels. 42 For I was hungry, and you gave me nothing to eat; I was thirsty, and you gave me nothing to drink; 43 I was a stranger, and you did not take me in; I was naked, and you did not clothe me; I was sick and in prison, and you did not visit me.’ 44 Then they too will answer, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry, or thirsty, or a stranger, or naked, or sick, or in prison, and did not serve you?’ 45 Then he will reply, ‘Truly I tell you, to the extent that you did not do it for one of the least of these, you did not do it for me.’ 46 And they will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.
• Luke 19:12 : 12 So he said, "A nobleman traveled to a distant country to receive a kingdom for himself and then return.
• Luke 19:15 : 15 When he returned, having received the kingdom, he ordered the servants to whom he had given the money to be called to him, so he could find out what they had gained by doing business.
• Luke 23:42 : 42 Then he said, 'Jesus, remember me when You come into Your kingdom.'
• John 5:22-27 : 22 'For the Father judges no one, but He has entrusted all judgment to the Son.' 23 'So that everyone may honor the Son just as they honor the Father. Whoever does not honor the Son does not honor the Father who sent Him.' 24 Truly, truly, I say to you, whoever hears my word and believes in the one who sent me has eternal life and will not be judged but has crossed over from death to life. 25 Truly, truly, I say to you, the hour is coming, and is now here, when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live. 26 For just as the Father has life in Himself, so He has granted the Son also to have life in Himself. 27 And He has given Him authority to execute judgment because He is the Son of Man.
• 1 Tim 6:13-14 : 13 In the presence of God, who gives life to all things, and of Christ Jesus, who testified the good confession before Pontius Pilate, I charge you. 14 Keep this command without spot or blame until the appearing of our Lord Jesus Christ.
• Ps 50:6 : 6 The heavens declare His righteousness, for God Himself is judge. Selah.
• Ps 96:13 : 13 Let all this happen before the LORD, for he is coming—he is coming to judge the earth. He will judge the world in righteousness and the peoples in his faithfulness.
• Ps 98:9 : 9 Before the LORD, for He is coming to judge the earth; He will judge the world with righteousness and the peoples with equity.
• Acts 17:31 : 31 For he has set a day when he will judge the world with justice by the man he has appointed. He has given proof of this to everyone by raising him from the dead.
• Rom 2:16 : 16 This will take place on the day when God judges the secrets of people through Jesus Christ, according to my gospel.
• Rom 14:9-9 : 9 For this reason Christ died, returned to life, and rose again, so that He might be Lord of both the dead and the living. 10 But you, why do you judge your brother or sister? Or why do you treat them with contempt? For we will all stand before the judgment seat of Christ. 11 It is written: 'As surely as I live,' says the Lord, 'every knee will bow before me; every tongue will acknowledge God.'
• 1 Cor 4:4-5 : 4 I am not aware of anything against myself, but that does not make me innocent. The one who judges me is the Lord. 5 Therefore, do not judge anything before the appointed time; wait until the Lord comes. He will bring to light what is hidden in darkness and will disclose the motives of hearts. At that time, each person will receive praise from God.
• 2 Cor 5:9-9 : 9 So we make it our goal to please him, whether we are at home in the body or away from it. 10 For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each of us may receive what is due us for the things done while in the body, whether good or bad.
• Col 3:4 : 4 When Christ, who is your life, appears, then you also will appear with Him in glory.
• 1 Thess 4:15-16 : 15 For this we say to you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive, who are left until the coming of the Lord, will not precede those who have fallen asleep. 16 For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a loud command, with the voice of an archangel, and with the trumpet call of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first.
• 2 Thess 1:7-9 : 7 and to give relief to you who are troubled, along with us, when the Lord Jesus is revealed from heaven with his powerful angels. 8 In flaming fire, inflicting vengeance on those who do not know God and on those who do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus. 9 They will be punished with eternal destruction, away from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of His might. 10 On that day, when He comes to be glorified among His saints and marveled at by all who have believed—because our testimony to you was believed.
• 2 Thess 2:8 : 8 And then the lawless one will be revealed, whom the Lord Jesus will destroy with the breath of His mouth and abolish by the splendor of His coming.