Deuteronomy 16:14

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

Be joyful at your festival—you, your son and daughter, your male and female servants, the Levite, the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow who live in your towns.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְשָׂמַחְתָּ֖ בְּחַגֶּ֑ךָ אַתָּ֨ה וּבִנְךָ֤ וּבִתֶּ֙ךָ֙ וְעַבְדְּךָ֣ וַאֲמָתֶ֔ךָ וְהַלֵּוִ֗י וְהַגֵּ֛ר וְהַיָּת֥וֹם וְהָאַלְמָנָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃

Transliteration

wəśāmaḥtā bəḥaggekā ʾattâ ûbinkā ûbittekā wəʿabdəkā waʾămātekā wəhallēwî wəhagger wəhayyātôm wəhāʾalmānâ ʾăšer bišʿāreykā

Grammar Details

• *wəśāmaḥtā*: conjunction + qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you shall rejoice
• *bəḥaggekā*: preposition + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your feast
• *ʾattâ*: 2nd masculine singular personal pronoun - you
• *ûbinkā*: conjunction + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your son
• *ûbittekā*: conjunction + feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your daughter
• *wəʿabdəkā*: conjunction + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your male servant
• *waʾămātekā*: conjunction + feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your female servant
• *wəhallēwî*: conjunction + definite article + proper noun - and the Levite
• *wəhagger*: conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the sojourner
• *wəhayyātôm*: conjunction + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the orphan
• *wəhāʾalmānâ*: conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the widow
• *ʾăšer*: relative pronoun - who/that
• *bišʿāreykā*: preposition + masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your gates/towns

Word Meanings

• *śāmaḥtā*: rejoice/be glad/be joyful
• *ḥag*: feast/festival/pilgrimage
• *ger*: sojourner/foreigner/resident alien
• *yātôm*: orphan/fatherless
• *ʾalmānâ*: widow/bereaved woman
• *šəʿāreykā*: your gates/towns/settlements

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And thou shalt rejoice in thy feast, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy manservant, and thy maidservant, and the Levite, the stranger, and the fatherless, and the widow, that are within thy gates.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And you shall rejoice in your feast, you, and your son, and your daughter, and your manservant, and your maidservant, and the Levite, the stranger, and the fatherless, and the widow, that are within your gates.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And thou shalt rejoice in thy feast, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy manservant, and thy maidservant, and the Levite, the stranger, and the fatherless, and the widow, that are within thy gates.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  and thou shalt rejoice{H8055} in thy feast,{H2282} thou, and thy son,{H1121} and thy daughter,{H1323} and thy man-servant,{H5650} and thy maid-servant,{H519} and the Levite,{H3881} and the sojourner,{H1616} and the fatherless,{H3490} and the widow,{H490} that are within thy gates.{H8179}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And thou shalt rejoice{H8055}{(H8804)} in thy feast{H2282}, thou, and thy son{H1121}, and thy daughter{H1323}, and thy manservant{H5650}, and thy maidservant{H519}, and the Levite{H3881}, the stranger{H1616}, and the fatherless{H3490}, and the widow{H490}, that are within thy gates{H8179}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And thou shalt reioyse in that thi feast, both thou and thi sonne, thi doughter, thi seruaunte, thi mayde, the leuite, the straunger, the fatherlesse and the wedowe that are in thi cities.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  and thou shalt reioyse in thy feast, thou and thy sonne, thy doughter, thy seruaunte, thy mayde, the Leuite, the straunger, the fatherlesse, and the wedowe that are within yi gates.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And thou shalt reioyce in thy feast, thou, and thy sonne, and thy daughter, and thy seruant, & thy maid, & the Leuite, & the stranger, & the fatherlesse, and the widow, that are wtin thy gates.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And thou shalt reioyce in thy feast, thou and thy sonne, thy daughter, thy seruaunt, and thy mayde, the Leuite, the straunger, and the fatherlesse, & the widdowe, that are within thy gates.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And thou shalt rejoice in thy feast, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy manservant, and thy maidservant, and the Levite, the stranger, and the fatherless, and the widow, that [are] within thy gates.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  and you shall rejoice in your feast, you, and your son, and your daughter, and your man-servant, and your maid-servant, and the Levite, and the foreigner, and the fatherless, and the widow, who are within your gates.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and thou hast rejoiced in thy feast, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy man-servant, and thy handmaid, and the Levite, and the sojourner, and the fatherless, and the widow, who `are' within thy gates.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and thou shalt rejoice in thy feast, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy man-servant, and thy maid-servant, and the Levite, and the sojourner, and the fatherless, and the widow, that are within thy gates.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and thou shalt rejoice in thy feast, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy man-servant, and thy maid-servant, and the Levite, and the sojourner, and the fatherless, and the widow, that are within thy gates.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  You are to keep the feast with joy, you and your son and your daughter, your man-servant and your woman-servant, and the Levite, and the man from a strange country, and the child without a father, and the widow, who are living among you.

• World English Bible (2000)

  and you shall rejoice in your feast, you, and your son, and your daughter, and your male servant, and your female servant, and the Levite, and the foreigner, and the fatherless, and the widow, who are within your gates.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  You are to rejoice in your festival, you, your son, your daughter, your male and female slaves, the Levites, the resident foreigners, the orphans, and the widows who are in your villages.

Referenced Verses

• Neh 8:9-9 : 9 Then Nehemiah the governor, Ezra the priest and scribe, and the Levites who taught the people said to all of them, 'This day is holy to the LORD your God. Do not mourn or weep.' For all the people were weeping as they heard the words of the Law. 10 Nehemiah said, 'Go and celebrate with rich foods and sweet drinks, and send portions to those who have nothing prepared. For this day is holy to our Lord. Do not grieve, for the joy of the LORD is your strength.' 11 The Levites calmed all the people by saying, 'Be still, for this is a holy day. Do not grieve.' 12 Then all the people went to eat, drink, send portions of food, and celebrate with great joy because they understood the words that had been made known to them.
• Deut 16:11 : 11 Rejoice before the Lord your God—you, your son and daughter, your male and female servants, the Levite in your towns, the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow living among you, in the place the Lord your God chooses to establish His name.
• Deut 26:11 : 11 Then you shall rejoice in all the good things the LORD your God has given you and your household—you, the Levite, and the foreigner residing among you.
• Deut 12:12 : 12 You shall rejoice before the Lord your God—you, your sons and daughters, your male and female servants, and the Levite within your gates, since he has no portion or inheritance with you.
• Eccl 9:7 : 7 Go, eat your bread with joy, and drink your wine with a glad heart, for God has already approved your works.
• Isa 12:1-6 : 1 On that day, you will say, "I will praise you, LORD, for even though you were angry with me, your anger has turned away, and you have comforted me." 2 Behold, God is my salvation! I will trust and not be afraid, for the LORD, the LORD Himself, is my strength and my song; He has become my salvation. 3 With joy, you will draw water from the wells of salvation. 4 On that day, you will say, "Give thanks to the LORD; call on His name! Make known His deeds among the peoples; proclaim that His name is exalted." 5 Sing to the LORD, for He has done glorious things. Let this be known throughout the whole earth. 6 Shout aloud and sing for joy, O inhabitant of Zion, for great among you is the Holy One of Israel.
• Isa 25:6-8 : 6 On this mountain, the LORD of hosts will prepare a feast of rich food for all peoples, a banquet of aged wine—the best of meats and the finest of wines. 7 On this mountain, he will destroy the shroud that enfolds all peoples, the sheet that covers all nations. 8 He will swallow up death forever. The Sovereign LORD will wipe away the tears from all faces; he will remove the disgrace of his people from all the earth. The LORD has spoken.
• Isa 30:29 : 29 You will sing as on the night of a sacred festival; your hearts will rejoice as when people go up with flutes to the mountain of the LORD, to the Rock of Israel.
• Isa 35:10 : 10 The redeemed of the Lord will return and come to Zion with singing. Everlasting joy will crown their heads; they will obtain joy and gladness, and sorrow and sighing will flee away.
• 1 Thess 5:16 : 16 Rejoice always.