Deuteronomy 24:14

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

Do not take advantage of a hired worker who is poor and needy, whether that worker is a fellow Israelite or a foreigner residing in one of your towns.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לֹא־תַעֲשֹׁ֥ק שָׂכִ֖יר עָנִ֣י וְאֶבְי֑וֹן מֵאַחֶ֕יךָ א֧וֹ מִגֵּרְךָ֛ אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּאַרְצְךָ֖ בִּשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃

Transliteration

Not taʿăšōq śākîr ʿānî and ʾebyôn from your brothers or from your gērkā who in your land in your gates.

Grammar Details

• *taʿăšōq*: qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you oppress
• *śākîr*: masculine singular noun - hired worker
• *ʿānî*: adjective masculine singular - poor/afflicted
• *ʾebyôn*: adjective masculine singular - needy/destitute
• *gērkā*: masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your sojourner/foreigner

Word Meanings

• *taʿăšōq*: oppress/exploit/withhold wages from
• *śākîr*: hired worker/employee/laborer
• *gērkā*: your foreigner/your resident alien/your stranger

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Thou shalt not oppress an hired servant that is poor and needy, whether he be of thy brethren, or of thy strangers that are in thy land within thy gates:

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  You shall not oppress a hired servant who is poor and needy, whether he is of your brethren or of the strangers that are in your land within your gates:

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Thou shalt not oppress an hired servant that is poor and needy, whether he be of thy brethren, or of thy strangers that are in thy land within thy gates:

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Thou shalt not oppress a hired servant that is poor and needy, whether he be of thy brethren, or of thy sojourners that are in thy land within thy gates:

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Thou shalt not oppress an hired servant that is poor and needy, whether he be of thy brethren, or of thy strangers that are in thy land within thy gates:

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Thou shalt not defraude an hyred servaunte that is nedye and poore, whether he be off thy brethern or a straunger that is in thy lond within thy cities.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Thou shalt not withdrawe the hyre of ye nedye and poore amonge thy brethren, or straunger that is in thy londe,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Thou shalt not oppresse an hyred seruant that is needie and poore, neyther of thy brethren, nor of the stranger that is in thy land within thy gates.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Thou shalt not oppresse an hyred seruaunt that is needie and poore, whether he be of thy brethre, or of the straungers that are in thy lande within thy gates:

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ Thou shalt not oppress an hired servant [that is] poor and needy, [whether he be] of thy brethren, or of thy strangers that [are] in thy land within thy gates:

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  You shall not oppress a hired servant who is poor and needy, whether he be of your brothers, or of your foreigners who are in your land within your gates:

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `Thou dost not oppress a hireling, poor and needy, of thy brethren or of thy sojourner who is in thy land within thy gates;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Thou shalt not oppress a hired servant that is poor and needy, whether he be of thy brethren, or of thy sojourners that are in thy land within thy gates:

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Thou shalt not oppress a hired servant that is poor and needy, whether he be of thy brethren, or of thy sojourners that are in thy land within thy gates:

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Do not be hard on a servant who is poor and in need, if he is one of your countrymen or a man from another nation living with you in your land.

• World English Bible (2000)

  You shall not oppress a hired servant who is poor and needy, whether he be of your brothers, or of your foreigners who are in your land within your gates:

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  You must not oppress a lowly and poor servant, whether one from among your fellow Israelites or from the resident foreigners who are living in your land and villages.

Referenced Verses

• Prov 14:31 : 31 Whoever oppresses the poor shows contempt for their Maker, but whoever is kind to the needy honors Him.
• Amos 4:1 : 1 Hear this word, you cows of Bashan who are on Mount Samaria, who oppress the poor and crush the needy, who say to your masters, 'Bring us something to drink!'
• Mal 3:5 : 5 I will come near to you for judgment. I will be a swift witness against sorcerers, adulterers, and those who swear falsely; against those who defraud workers of their wages, oppress widows and orphans, and deprive foreigners of justice. They do not fear me, says the Lord of Hosts.
• Luke 10:7 : 7 Stay in that house, eating and drinking what they provide, for the worker is worthy of his wages. Do not move from house to house.
• Amos 8:4 : 4 Hear this, you who trample on the needy and seek to destroy the poor of the land,
• Prov 22:16 : 16 One who oppresses the poor to increase their wealth and one who gives gifts to the rich will both come to poverty.
• Ezek 22:7 : 7 Within you, they have treated father and mother with contempt; they have oppressed the foreigner in your midst; they have wronged the orphan and the widow.
• Amos 2:7 : 7 'They trample on the dust of the earth on the heads of the poor and obstruct the way of the afflicted. A man and his father go to the same girl, so that they profane My holy name.'
• Lev 25:35-43 : 35 If any of your fellow Israelites become poor and are unable to support themselves among you, help them as you would a foreigner or temporary resident, so they can live among you. 36 Do not take interest or profit from them, but fear your God, so that they may continue to live among you. 37 You must not lend them money at interest or sell them food for profit. 38 I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt to give you the land of Canaan and to be your God. 39 If any of your fellow Israelites become poor and sell themselves to you, do not make them work as slaves. 40 They are to be treated as hired workers or temporary residents among you; they are to work for you until the Year of Jubilee. 41 Then they and their children are to be released, and they will return to their own family and to the property of their ancestors. 42 Because the Israelites are my servants, whom I brought out of Egypt, they must not be sold as slaves. 43 Do not rule over them harshly, but fear your God.
• Deut 15:12-18 : 12 If your brother, a Hebrew man or woman, is sold to you and serves you six years, in the seventh year, you must set them free. 13 And when you set them free, do not send them away empty-handed. 14 Provide them generously from your flock, your threshing floor, and your winepress. Give to them as the Lord your God has blessed you. 15 Remember that you were slaves in the land of Egypt, and the Lord your God redeemed you. That is why I am giving you this command today. 16 But if they say to you, 'I will not leave you,' because they love you and your household and are well off with you, 17 then take an awl and pierce their ear to the door, and they will become your servant for life. You shall do the same for your female servant. 18 Do not consider it hard to set them free, because their service to you for six years was worth twice as much as that of a hired worker, and the Lord your God will bless you in everything you do.
• Job 24:10-11 : 10 They go about naked without clothing, and they carry sheaves while hungry. 11 They press oil between the rows, they tread the wine presses, yet they go thirsty.
• Job 31:13-15 : 13 If I have denied justice to my male or female servants when they had a grievance against me, 14 what will I do when God confronts me? What will I answer when He calls me to account? 15 Did not the same One who made me in the womb make them? Did not the same God form us both within our mothers?