Jude 1:11

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

Woe to them! For they have gone the way of Cain, rushed headlong for profit into Balaam’s error, and perished in Korah’s rebellion.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Οὐαὶ αὐτοῖς! ὅτι τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Κάϊν ἐπορεύθησαν, καὶ τῇ πλάνῃ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ μισθοῦ ἐξεχύθησαν, καὶ τῇ ἀντιλογίᾳ τοῦ Κόρε ἀπώλοντο.

Transliteration

Ouai autois! for tē hodō tou Kain eporeuthēsan, and tē planē tou Balaam misthou exechythēsan, and tē antilogia tou Kore apōlonto.

Grammar Details

• *Ouai*: interjection - woe
• *autois*: personal pronoun, dative, masculine, plural - to them
• *tē hodō tou Kain*: dative, feminine, singular with genitive - in the way of Cain
• *eporeuthēsan*: aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they went/journeyed
• *tē planē tou Balaam*: dative, feminine, singular with genitive - in the error of Balaam
• *misthou*: genitive, masculine, singular - for reward/pay
• *exechythēsan*: aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they rushed headlong
• *tē antilogia tou Kore*: dative, feminine, singular with genitive - in the rebellion of Korah
• *apōlonto*: aorist middle indicative, 3rd person plural - they perished

Word Meanings

• *Ouai*: woe/alas
• *hodō*: way/road/path
• *eporeuthēsan*: went/journeyed/traveled
• *planē*: error/deception/wandering
• *misthou*: for reward/for wages/for money
• *exechythēsan*: rushed headlong/poured out/abandoned themselves
• *antilogia*: rebellion/contradiction/opposition
• *apōlonto*: perished/were destroyed/were lost

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Woe to them! For they have gone in the way of Cain, have run greedily in the error of Balaam for profit, and perished in the rebellion of Korah.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Woe{G3759} unto them!{G846} For{G3754} they went{G4198} in the way{G3598} of Cain,{G2535} and{G2532} ran riotously{G1632} in the error{G4106} of Balaam{G903} for hire,{G3408} and{G2532} perished{G622} in the gainsaying{G485} of Korah.{G2879}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Woe{G3759} unto them{G846}! for{G3754} they have gone{G4198}{(G5675)} in the way{G3598} of Cain{G2535}, and{G2532} ran greedily after{G1632}{(G5681)} the error{G4106} of Balaam{G903} for reward{G3408}, and{G2532} perished{G622}{(G5639)} in the gainsaying{G485} of Core{G2879}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Wo be vnto them for they have folowed ye waye of Cayn and are vtterly geven to the erroure of Balam for lukers sake and perysshe in the treason of Core.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Wo be vnto the, for they haue folowed the waye of Cain, and are vtterly geue to the erroure of Balaam for lukers sake, and perysshe in the treason of Core.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Wo be vnto them: for they haue followed the way of Cain, and are cast away by the deceit of Balaams wages, and perish in the gainsaying of Core.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Wo be vnto the, for they haue folowed the way of Cain, and are vtterly geuen to the errour of Balaam for lucres sake, and perishe in the gaynsaying of Core.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Woe to them! For they went in the way of Cain, and ran riotously in the error of Balaam for hire, and perished in Korah's rebellion.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  wo to them! because in the way of Cain they did go on, and to the deceit of Balaam for reward they did rush, and in the gainsaying of Korah they did perish.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Woe unto them! For they went in the way of Cain, and ran riotously in the error of Balaam for hire, and perished in the gainsaying of Korah.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Woe unto them! For they went in the way of Cain, and ran riotously in the error of Balaam for hire, and perished in the gainsaying of Korah.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  A curse on them! They have gone in the way of Cain, running uncontrolled into the error of Balaam for reward, and have come to destruction by saying evil against the Lord, like Korah.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Woe to them! For they went in the way of Cain, and ran riotously in the error of Balaam for hire, and perished in Korah's rebellion.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Woe to them! For they have traveled down Cain’s path, and because of greed have abandoned themselves to Balaam’s error; hence, they will certainly perish in Korah’s rebellion.

Referenced Verses

• 2 Pet 2:15 : 15 They have abandoned the straight way and gone astray. They have followed the way of Balaam, son of Bosor, who loved the wages of unrighteousness.
• 1 John 3:12 : 12 Not like Cain, who was from the evil one and killed his brother. And why did he kill him? Because his deeds were evil and his brother’s were righteous.
• Gen 4:3-9 : 3 Over time, Cain brought some of the fruits of the soil as an offering to the LORD. 4 But Abel also brought an offering—fat portions from the firstborn of his flock. The LORD looked with favor on Abel and his offering. 5 But He did not look with favor on Cain and his offering. So Cain became very angry, and his face was downcast. 6 Then the LORD said to Cain, 'Why are you angry? Why is your face downcast?' 7 'If you do what is right, will you not be accepted? But if you do not do what is right, sin is crouching at your door; it desires to have you, but you must rule over it.' 8 Cain said to his brother Abel, 'Let’s go out to the field.' While they were in the field, Cain attacked his brother Abel and killed him. 9 Then the LORD said to Cain, 'Where is your brother Abel?' He replied, 'I don’t know. Am I my brother’s keeper?' 10 The LORD said, 'What have you done? Listen! Your brother’s blood is crying out to me from the ground.' 11 'Now you are under a curse and driven from the ground, which opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand.' 12 'When you work the ground, it will no longer yield its crops for you. You will be a restless wanderer on the earth.' 13 Cain said to the LORD, 'My punishment is more than I can bear.' 14 'Today you are driving me from the land, and I will be hidden from your presence; I will be a restless wanderer on the earth, and whoever finds me will kill me.'
• Num 16:1-9 : 1 Korah, son of Izhar, son of Kohath, son of Levi, along with Dathan, Abiram (sons of Eliab), and On, son of Peleth, from the tribe of Reuben, took action. 2 They rose up against Moses, accompanied by 250 leaders of Israel, men of reputation who had been chosen to represent the assembly. 3 They gathered against Moses and Aaron and said to them, "You have taken too much upon yourselves! The whole community is holy, each one of them, and the Lord is among them. Why then do you set yourselves above the assembly of the Lord?" 4 When Moses heard this, he fell face down. 5 Then he spoke to Korah and all his followers, saying, "In the morning the Lord will show who belongs to Him, who is holy, and whom He permits to approach Him. The one He chooses, He will bring near to Himself. 6 "Do this: Take censers for yourselves, Korah and all your followers. 7 Put fire in them and place incense on them in the presence of the Lord tomorrow. The man the Lord chooses will be the holy one. You have gone too far, sons of Levi!" 8 Moses also said to Korah, "Listen now, you sons of Levi! 9 Is it not enough for you that the God of Israel has set you apart from the rest of the Israelite community to bring you near to Himself to do the work of the Lord's tabernacle and to stand before the assembly to minister to them? 10 He has brought you and all your fellow Levites near to Him, but now you are demanding the priesthood as well! 11 Therefore, it is against the Lord that you and all your followers have gathered. Who is Aaron that you should grumble against him?" 12 Then Moses sent for Dathan and Abiram, the sons of Eliab, but they said, "We will not come! 13 Isn't it enough that you brought us up out of a land flowing with milk and honey to kill us in the wilderness? Must you also lord it over us? 14 What's more, you haven't brought us into a land flowing with milk and honey, nor have you given us an inheritance of fields and vineyards. Do you intend to gouge out the eyes of these men? We will not come!" 15 Moses was very angry and said to the Lord, "Do not accept their offering. I have not taken even a single donkey from them, nor have I wronged any one of them." 16 Moses said to Korah, "You and all your followers are to appear before the Lord tomorrow—you, they, and Aaron. 17 Each man is to take his censer, put incense in it, and present it before the Lord—250 censers in all. You and Aaron are also to do the same, each with his censer. 18 So each of them took his censer, put fire and incense in it, and stood with Moses and Aaron at the entrance to the tent of meeting. 19 When Korah had assembled the entire community against them at the entrance to the tent of meeting, the glory of the Lord appeared to the whole assembly. 20 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron, 21 "Separate yourselves from this assembly so I can put an end to them at once." 22 But Moses and Aaron fell facedown and cried out, "O God, the God who gives breath to all living things, will you be angry with the entire assembly when only one man sins?" 23 Then the Lord said to Moses, 24 "Say to the assembly, 'Move away from the tents of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram.'" 25 Moses got up and went to Dathan and Abiram, and the elders of Israel followed him. 26 He warned the assembly, "Move away from the tents of these wicked men! Do not touch anything that belongs to them, or you will be swept away because of all their sins." 27 So they moved away from the tents of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram. Dathan and Abiram had come out and were standing with their wives, children, and little ones at the entrances to their tents. 28 Then Moses said, "This is how you will know that the Lord has sent me to do all these things and that it was not my own idea: 29 If these men die a natural death and experience only what usually happens to men, then the Lord has not sent me. 30 But if the Lord brings about something unprecedented and the ground opens its mouth to swallow them and everything that belongs to them, and they go down alive into the grave, then you will know that these men have treated the Lord with contempt. 31 As soon as he finished speaking all these words, the ground beneath them split apart. 32 The earth opened its mouth and swallowed them and their households, along with all of Korah's men and all their possessions. 33 They went down alive into the grave, with everything they owned; the earth closed over them, and they perished from the community. 34 All the Israelites around them ran away at their cries, saying, 'The earth might swallow us too!' 35 Then fire came out from the Lord and consumed the 250 men who were offering incense.
• Rev 2:14 : 14 But I have a few things against you: You have those there who hold to the teaching of Balaam, who taught Balak to put a stumbling block before the Israelites—to eat food sacrificed to idols and to commit sexual immorality.
• Num 26:9-9 : 9 The sons of Eliab: Nemuel, Dathan, and Abiram. These were the same Dathan and Abiram, community leaders who opposed Moses and Aaron as part of Korah’s assembly, inciting rebellion against the Lord. 10 The earth opened its mouth and swallowed them, along with Korah, when that assembly died, as the fire consumed 250 men, serving as a warning sign.
• Isa 3:9 : 9 The look on their faces testifies against them, and like Sodom, they openly declare their sin; they do not try to conceal it. Woe to them! For they have brought disaster upon themselves.
• Isa 3:11 : 11 Woe to the wicked! Disaster is upon them; they will be repaid for their deeds.
• Jer 13:27 : 27 Your adulteries, your lustful neighings, your wicked acts of prostitution on the hills and in the fields—I have seen your detestable behavior. Woe to you, Jerusalem! How much longer will it be before you are made clean?
• Ezek 13:3 : 3 This is what the Lord GOD says: Woe to the foolish prophets who follow their own spirit and have seen nothing!
• Mic 6:5 : 5 My people, remember what Balak king of Moab devised and what Balaam son of Beor answered him, from Shittim to Gilgal, so that you may know the righteous acts of the Lord.
• Zech 11:17 : 17 Woe to the worthless shepherd who abandons the flock! May the sword strike his arm and his right eye. May his arm wither completely, and his right eye become totally blind.
• Matt 11:21 : 21 ‘Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the miracles that were performed in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes.’
• Matt 23:13-16 : 13 But woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you shut the kingdom of heaven in people's faces. You yourselves do not enter, nor do you allow those entering to go in. 14 Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You devour widows’ houses and for a pretense make long prayers. Therefore, you will receive a greater condemnation. 15 Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You travel over land and sea to win a single convert, and when he becomes one, you make him twice as much a child of hell as you are. 16 Woe to you, blind guides! You say, 'If anyone swears by the temple, it means nothing; but if anyone swears by the gold of the temple, he is obligated.'
• Luke 11:42-47 : 42 But woe to you Pharisees! For you give a tenth of mint, rue, and every herb, but you neglect justice and the love of God. These you ought to have done without neglecting the others. 43 Woe to you Pharisees! For you love the seats of honor in the synagogues and greetings in the marketplaces. 44 Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You are like unmarked graves that people walk over without knowing. 45 One of the experts in the law answered, 'Teacher, by saying these things, you insult us as well.' 46 Jesus replied, 'Woe to you as well, experts in the law! You load people with burdens that are hard to carry, yet you yourselves do not touch these burdens with even one finger.' 47 Woe to you! For you build tombs for the prophets, yet it was your ancestors who killed them.
• Heb 11:4 : 4 By faith Abel offered to God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, through which he was commended as righteous, God testifying about his gifts; and through faith, even though he is dead, he still speaks.
• Num 31:16 : 16 Behold, these women caused the people of Israel to act unfaithfully against the LORD through the advice of Balaam in the matter of Peor, which led to the plague among the congregation of the LORD.
• Deut 23:4 : 4 No Ammonite or Moabite may enter the assembly of the LORD, even to the tenth generation; none of their descendants may ever enter the assembly of the LORD.
• Josh 24:9-9 : 9 Then Balak son of Zippor, king of Moab, set out to fight against Israel. He sent for Balaam son of Beor to curse you. 10 But I would not listen to Balaam. Instead, he blessed you again and again, and I delivered you from his hand. 11 You crossed the Jordan and came to Jericho. The leaders of Jericho, along with the Amorites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hittites, Girgashites, Hivites, and Jebusites fought against you, but I gave them into your hands.
• Num 22:1-9 : 1 Then the Israelites traveled and camped in the plains of Moab, across the Jordan River near Jericho. 2 When Balak son of Zippor saw all that Israel had done to the Amorites, 3 Moab became very afraid of the people because they were numerous. Moab was overcome with dread because of the Israelites. 4 Moab said to the elders of Midian, 'Now this horde will devour everything around us, like an ox eats the grass of the field.' At that time, Balak son of Zippor was king of Moab. 5 He sent messengers to Balaam son of Beor at Pethor, which is by the river in the land of his people. They were to call him, saying, 'Look, a people has come out of Egypt; they cover the face of the land and are settling next to me.' 6 Now, please come and curse this people for me, because they are too powerful for me. Perhaps I will be able to defeat them and drive them out of the land. For I know that whoever you bless is blessed, and whoever you curse is cursed. 7 The elders of Moab and Midian left, taking with them payment for divination. They came to Balaam and told him Balak's message. 8 Balaam said to them, 'Spend the night here, and I will bring back a word to you, as the LORD speaks to me.' So the Moabite leaders stayed with Balaam. 9 Then God came to Balaam and asked, 'Who are these men with you?' 10 Balaam said to God, 'Balak son of Zippor, king of Moab, sent this message to me: 11 'Look, a people that came out of Egypt covers the face of the land. Now, come and curse them for me. Perhaps I will be able to fight against them and drive them out.' 12 But God said to Balaam, 'Do not go with them. You must not curse the people, for they are blessed.' 13 The next morning, Balaam got up and said to Balak’s officials, 'Go back to your own country, for the LORD has refused to let me go with you.' 14 So the Moabite leaders returned to Balak and said, 'Balaam refused to come with us.' 15 Then Balak sent other officials, more numerous and more distinguished than the first. 16 They came to Balaam and said to him, 'This is what Balak son of Zippor says: Please do not let anything prevent you from coming to me.' 17 'For I will reward you very handsomely and will do whatever you say. So please come and put a curse on these people for me.' 18 But Balaam answered Balak's servants, 'Even if Balak were to give me his house full of silver and gold, I could not go beyond the command of the LORD my God to do anything small or great.' 19 Now please stay here tonight as well, so that I may find out what else the LORD may say to me. 20 That night God came to Balaam and said, 'Since these men have come to summon you, go with them. But do only what I tell you.' 21 Balaam got up in the morning, saddled his donkey, and went with the Moabite officials. 22 But God was very angry when he went, and the angel of the LORD took his stand in the road to oppose him. Balaam was riding his donkey, and his two servants were with him. 23 When the donkey saw the angel of the LORD standing in the road with a drawn sword in his hand, it turned off the road into a field. Balaam struck the donkey to make it turn back onto the road. 24 Then the angel of the LORD stood in a narrow path through the vineyards, with walls on both sides.