Verse 32

{ "verseID": "1 Corinthians.15.32", "source": "Εἰ κατὰ ἄνθρωπον ἐθηριομάχησα ἐν Ἐφέσῳ, τί μοι τὸ ὄφελος, εἰ νεκροὶ οὐκ ἐγείρονται; φάγωμεν καὶ πίωμεν· αὔριον γὰρ ἀποθνήσκομεν.", "text": "If according to *anthrōpon* I *ethēriomachēsa* in *Ephesō*, what to me the *ophelos*, if *nekroi* not *egeirontai*? Let us *phagōmen* and let us *piōmen*; *aurion gar apothnēskomen*.", "grammar": { "*ei*": "conditional conjunction - if", "*kata*": "preposition with accusative - according to", "*anthrōpon*": "accusative masculine singular - man/human", "*ethēriomachēsa*": "aorist active indicative, 1st singular - I fought wild beasts", "*en*": "preposition with dative - in", "*Ephesō*": "dative feminine singular - Ephesus", "*ti*": "interrogative pronoun, nominative neuter singular - what", "*moi*": "personal pronoun, dative singular - to me", "*ophelos*": "nominative neuter singular with article - advantage/profit/benefit", "*nekroi*": "nominative masculine plural - dead [ones]", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*egeirontai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd plural - are raised", "*phagōmen*": "aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural - let us eat", "*piōmen*": "aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural - let us drink", "*aurion*": "adverb - tomorrow", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*apothnēskomen*": "present active indicative, 1st plural - we die" }, "variants": { "*kata anthrōpon*": "according to man/in human terms/from a human viewpoint", "*ethēriomachēsa*": "fought with wild beasts/fought as with beasts/faced deadly peril", "*Ephesō*": "Ephesus [city in Asia Minor]", "*ophelos*": "advantage/benefit/profit", "*nekroi*": "dead ones/corpses", "*egeirontai*": "are raised/are awakened/are resurrected", "*phagōmen*": "let us eat/we should eat", "*piōmen*": "let us drink/we should drink", "*apothnēskomen*": "we die/we are dying" } }

Other Translations

• Bibeloversettelse fra KJV1611 og Textus Receptus

  Hvis jeg har kjempet med ville dyr i Efesos, hva gagner det meg, hvis ikke de døde oppstår? La oss spise og drikke; for i morgen dør vi.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk

  Hvis jeg har kjempet mot ville dyr i Efesos for menneskers skyld, hva får jeg igjen for det, hvis de døde ikke oppstår? La oss spise og drikke, for i morgen dør vi.

• Norsk King James

  Hvis jeg, som mennesker, har kjempet med ville dyr i Efesus, hva gagner det meg, hvis de døde ikke reiser seg? La oss spise og drikke; for i morgen dør vi.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Hvis jeg, etter menneskelig vis å tale, har kjempet mot villdyr i Efesus, hva nytter det meg, hvis de døde ikke oppstår? La oss spise og drikke, for i morgen dør vi.

• KJV/Textus Receptus til norsk

  Hvis jeg på menneskelig vis har kjempet med ville dyr i Efesus, hva gagner det meg? Hvis de døde ikke oppreises, la oss ete og drikke, for i morgen dør vi.

• Den norske oversettelsen av Det Nye Testamente

  Hvis jeg på menneskelig vis har kjempet med ville dyr i Efesus, hva gagn har jeg av det, hvis de døde ikke står opp? La oss spise og drikke, for i morgen dør vi.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Hvis jeg etter menneskelig vis har kjempet med villdyr i Efesus, hva gagner det meg, hvis de døde ikke reiser seg? La oss spise og drikke, for i morgen dør vi.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Hvis jeg, slik det er vanlig for mennesker, har kjempet mot dyr i Efesos, hva tjener det meg hvis de døde ikke reiser seg? La oss spise og drikke, for i morgen dør vi.

• gpt4.5-preview

  Om jeg kjempet mot ville dyr i Efesos på menneskelig vis, hva gagn hadde jeg da, dersom de døde ikke står opp? «La oss spise og drikke, for i morgen dør vi!»

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Om jeg kjempet mot ville dyr i Efesos på menneskelig vis, hva gagn hadde jeg da, dersom de døde ikke står opp? «La oss spise og drikke, for i morgen dør vi!»

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Hvis jeg etter menneskelig vurdering har kjempet mot villdyr i Efesus, hva har jeg da oppnådd? Hvis de døde ikke oppstår, «La oss spise og drikke, for i morgen dør vi».

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  If I fought wild beasts in Ephesus merely from a human point of view, what benefit is that to me? If the dead are not raised, 'Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die.'

• NT, oversatt fra gresk Aug2024

  Hvis jeg, som et menneske, har kjempet med ville dyr i Efesos, hva gagner det meg? Hvis de døde ikke blir reist opp, 'la oss spise og drikke, for i morgen dør vi.'

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Stred jeg, efter menneskelig Viis (at tale), med vilde Dyr i Ephesus, hvad hjælper det mig, dersom de Døde ikke opstaae? (Da) lader os æde og drikke; thi imorgen døe vi.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  If after the manner of men I have fought with beasts at Ephesus, what advantageth it me, if the dead rise not? let us eat and drink; for to morrow we die.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Hvis jeg hadde kjempet mot ville dyr i Efesos etter menneskelig visdom, hva tjener det meg hvis de døde ikke står opp? La oss spise og drikke, for i morgen dør vi.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  If, in the manner of men, I have fought with beasts at Ephesus, what advantage is it to me, if the dead do not rise? 'Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die.'

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  If after the manner of men I have fought with beasts at Ephesus, what advantageth it me, if the dead rise not? let us eat and drink; for to morrow we die.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Hvis jeg kjempet med dyr i Efesos etter menneskelig visdom, hva gagner det meg? Hvis de døde ikke reises opp, "La oss spise og drikke, for i morgen dør vi."

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Hvis jeg som et menneske har kjempet med ville dyr i Efesos, hva gagner det meg hvis de døde ikke står opp? La oss spise og drikke, for i morgen dør vi!

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Hvis jeg etter menneskelig måte har kjempet med ville dyr i Efesus, hva gagner det meg? Hvis de døde ikke reiser seg, la oss spise og drikke, for i morgen dør vi.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Hvis jeg, etter menneskers måte, kjempet med dyr i Efesos, hva er fordelen for meg? Hvis de døde ikke står opp igjen, la oss glede oss over fest, for i morgen tar det slutt.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  That I have fought with beastes at Ephesus after the maner of men what avautageth it me yf the deed ryse not agayne? Let vs eate and drynke to morowe we shall dye.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  That I haue foughte with beestes at Ephesus after ye maner of men, what helpeth it me, yf the deed ryse not agayne? Let vs eate and drynke, for tomorow we shal dye.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  If I haue fought with beastes at Ephesus after ye maner of men, what aduantageth it me, if the dead be not raised vp? let vs eate and drinke: for to morowe we shall die.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  If I haue fought with beastes at Ephesus after the maner of men, what auauntageth it me, yf the dead ryse not agayne? Let vs eate & drynke, for to morowe we shall dye.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  If after the manner of men I have fought with beasts at Ephesus, what advantageth it me, if the dead rise not? let us eat and drink; for to morrow we die.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  If I fought with animals at Ephesus for human purposes, what does it profit me? If the dead are not raised, then "let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die."

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  if after the manner of a man with wild beasts I fought in Ephesus, what the advantage to me if the dead do not rise? let us eat and drink, for to-morrow we die!

• American Standard Version (1901)

  If after the manner of men I fought with beasts at Ephesus, what doth it profit me? If the dead are not raised, let us eat and drink, for to-morrow we die.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  If, after the way of men, I was fighting with beasts at Ephesus, what profit is it to me? If the dead do not come to life again, let us take our pleasure in feasting, for tomorrow we come to an end.

• World English Bible (2000)

  If I fought with animals at Ephesus for human purposes, what does it profit me? If the dead are not raised, then "let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  If from a human point of view I fought with wild beasts at Ephesus, what did it benefit me? If the dead are not raised, let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die.

Referenced Verses

• Isa 22:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.22.13", "source": "וְהִנֵּ֣ה ׀ שָׂשׂ֣וֹן וְשִׂמְחָ֗ה הָרֹ֤ג ׀ בָּקָר֙ וְשָׁחֹ֣ט צֹ֔אן אָכֹ֥ל בָּשָׂ֖ר וְשָׁת֣וֹת יָ֑יִן אָכ֣וֹל וְשָׁת֔וֹ כִּ֥י מָחָ֖ר נָמֽוּת׃", "text": "And-*hinnēh* *śāśôn* and-*śimḥāh* *hārōg* *bāqār* and-*šāḥōṭ* *ṣōʾn* *ʾākōl* *bāśār* and-*šātôt* *yāyin* *ʾākôl* and-*šātô* for *māḥār* *nāmût*", "grammar": { "וְהִנֵּ֣ה": "conjunction + interjection - and behold", "*śāśôn*": "masculine singular - joy", "וְשִׂמְחָ֗ה": "conjunction + feminine singular - and gladness", "*hārōg*": "Qal infinitive absolute - slaying", "*bāqār*": "masculine singular - cattle", "וְשָׁחֹ֣ט": "conjunction + Qal infinitive absolute - and slaughtering", "*ṣōʾn*": "collective noun - sheep/flock", "*ʾākōl*": "Qal infinitive absolute - eating", "*bāśār*": "masculine singular - flesh/meat", "וְשָׁת֣וֹת": "conjunction + Qal infinitive absolute - and drinking", "*yāyin*": "masculine singular - wine", "*ʾākôl*": "Qal infinitive absolute - eat", "וְשָׁת֔וֹ": "conjunction + Qal infinitive absolute - and drink", "כִּ֥י": "conjunction - for/because", "*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow", "*nāmût*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person plural - we will die" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*śāśôn*": "joy/gladness/rejoicing", "*śimḥāh*": "gladness/joy/mirth", "*hārōg*": "slaying/killing", "*bāqār*": "cattle/oxen", "*šāḥōṭ*": "slaughtering/butchering", "*ṣōʾn*": "sheep/flocks/small livestock", "*ʾākōl*": "eating/consuming", "*bāśār*": "flesh/meat", "*šātôt*": "drinking", "*yāyin*": "wine", "*ʾākôl* and-*šātô*": "let us eat and drink (idiomatic)", "*māḥār*": "tomorrow/in future", "*nāmût*": "we will die/we shall be dead" } }
• Luke 12:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Luke.12.19", "source": "Καὶ ἐρῶ τῇ ψυχῇ μου, Ψυχή, ἔχεις πολλὰ ἀγαθὰ κείμενα εἰς ἔτη πολλά· ἀναπαύου, φάγε, πίε, εὐφραίνου.", "text": "And *erō* to the *psychē* of me, *Psychē*, *echeis polla agatha keimena* for *etē polla*; *anapauou*, *phage*, *pie*, *euphrainou*.", "grammar": { "*erō*": "future active indicative, 1st singular - I will say", "*psychē*": "dative singular feminine - soul", "*Psychē*": "vocative singular feminine - Soul", "*echeis*": "present active indicative, 2nd singular - you have", "*polla*": "accusative plural neuter - many", "*agatha*": "accusative plural neuter - good things", "*keimena*": "present middle participle, accusative plural neuter - being laid up/stored", "*etē*": "accusative plural neuter - years", "*polla*": "accusative plural neuter - many", "*anapauou*": "present middle imperative, 2nd singular - rest", "*phage*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - eat", "*pie*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - drink", "*euphrainou*": "present middle imperative, 2nd singular - rejoice/be merry" }, "variants": { "*psychē*": "soul/life/self", "*agatha*": "good things/goods/possessions", "*keimena*": "laid up/stored/set aside", "*etē*": "years", "*anapauou*": "rest/relax/take ease", "*phage*": "eat", "*pie*": "drink", "*euphrainou*": "be merry/rejoice/enjoy yourself" } }
• Isa 56:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.56.12", "source": "אֵתָ֥יוּ אֶקְחָה־יַ֖יִן וְנִסְבְּאָ֣ה שֵׁכָ֑ר וְהָיָ֤ה כָזֶה֙ י֣וֹם מָחָ֔ר גָּד֖וֹל יֶ֥תֶר מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "*ʾētāyû*, *ʾeqḥāh*-*yayin* and *nisbbĕʾāh* *šēkār*; and *hāyāh* like-this *yôm* *māḥār*, *gādôl* *yeter* *mĕʾōd*.", "grammar": { "*ʾētāyû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - come", "*ʾeqḥāh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular, cohortative - let me take/fetch", "*yayin*": "masculine singular noun - wine", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*nisbbĕʾāh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person plural, cohortative - let us drink our fill", "*šēkār*": "masculine singular noun - strong drink/intoxicating drink", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will be", "*kāzeh*": "preposition with demonstrative pronoun - like this", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun - day", "*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/large", "*yeter*": "masculine singular noun - exceeding/abundant/remnant", "*mĕʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*ʾētāyû*": "come!/arrive!/enter!", "*ʾeqḥāh-yayin*": "let me fetch wine/I will take wine", "*nisbbĕʾāh*": "let us drink our fill/let us be intoxicated/let us carouse", "*šēkār*": "strong drink/intoxicating drink/beer", "*kāzeh yôm māḥār*": "like this day tomorrow/tomorrow will be like today", "*gādôl yeter mĕʾōd*": "exceedingly great/very abundant/even much better" } }
• Mal 3:14-15 : 14 { "verseID": "Malachi.3.14", "source": "אֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם שָׁ֖וְא עֲבֹ֣ד אֱלֹהִ֑ים וּמַה־בֶּ֗צַע כִּ֤י שָׁמַ֙רְנוּ֙ מִשְׁמַרְתּ֔וֹ וְכִ֤י הָלַ֙כְנוּ֙ קְדֹ֣רַנִּ֔ית מִפְּנֵ֖י יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃", "text": "*ʾAmartem* *shawʾ* *ʿavod* *ʾElohim* *u-mah*-*betsaʿ* *ki* *shamarnu* *mishmaarto* *we-khi* *halakhnu* *qedoranit* *mi-pene* *YHWH* *tsevaʾot*.", "grammar": { "*ʾAmartem*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - you have said", "*shawʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - futile/worthless", "*ʿavod*": "Qal infinitive construct - to serve", "*ʾElohim*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*u-mah*": "waw conjunction + interrogative pronoun - and what", "*betsaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - profit/gain", "*ki*": "conjunction - that/because", "*shamarnu*": "Qal perfect, 1st common plural - we have kept", "*mishmaarto*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his charge/requirement", "*we-khi*": "waw conjunction + conjunction - and that/because", "*halakhnu*": "Qal perfect, 1st common plural - we have walked", "*qedoranit*": "adverb - in mourning/mournfully", "*mi-pene*": "preposition + noun, plural construct - from before/because of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*tsevaʾot*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies" }, "variants": { "*shawʾ*": "futile/worthless/vain/empty", "*ʿavod*": "to serve/to worship/to minister to", "*ʾElohim*": "God/gods/divine being", "*betsaʿ*": "profit/gain/advantage", "*shamarnu*": "kept/observed/guarded", "*mishmaarto*": "his charge/his service/his ordinance/his command", "*halakhnu*": "walked/gone/conducted ourselves", "*qedoranit*": "in mourning/mournfully/in black/glumly", "*mi-pene*": "from before/because of/on account of" } } 15 { "verseID": "Malachi.3.15", "source": "וְעַתָּ֕ה אֲנַ֖חְנוּ מְאַשְּׁרִ֣ים זֵדִ֑ים גַּם־נִבְנוּ֙ עֹשֵׂ֣י רִשְׁעָ֔ה גַּ֧ם בָּחֲנ֛וּ אֱלֹהִ֖ים וַיִּמָּלֵֽטוּ׃", "text": "*We-ʿattah* *ʾanaḥnu* *meʾashsherim* *zedim* *gam*-*nivnu* *ʿose* *rishʿah* *gam* *baḥanu* *ʾElohim* *wa-yimmaletu*.", "grammar": { "*We-ʿattah*": "waw conjunction + adverb - and now", "*ʾanaḥnu*": "1st person common plural pronoun - we", "*meʾashsherim*": "Piel participle, masculine plural - calling blessed/pronouncing happy", "*zedim*": "adjective, masculine plural - proud/arrogant/presumptuous ones", "*gam*": "adverb - also/even", "*nivnu*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they are built up", "*ʿose*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - doers of", "*rishʿah*": "noun, feminine singular - wickedness", "*gam*": "adverb - also/even", "*baḥanu*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have tested", "*ʾElohim*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*wa-yimmaletu*": "waw consecutive + Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they escape" }, "variants": { "*meʾashsherim*": "calling blessed/pronouncing happy/considering fortunate", "*zedim*": "proud/arrogant/presumptuous ones", "*nivnu*": "built up/established/prospered", "*ʿose rishʿah*": "doers of wickedness/evildoers/practitioners of evil", "*baḥanu*": "tested/tried/challenged", "*ʾElohim*": "God/gods/divine being", "*yimmaletu*": "escape/are delivered/are rescued" } }
• Luke 9:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Luke.9.25", "source": "Τί γὰρ ὠφελεῖται ἄνθρωπος, κερδήσας τὸν κόσμον ὅλον, ἑαυτὸν δὲ ἀπολέσας, ἢ ζημιωθείς;", "text": "What *gar* is *ōpheleitai* *anthrōpos*, having *kerdēsas* the *kosmon* *holon*, himself *de* having *apolesas*, or having been *zēmiōtheis*?", "grammar": { "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ōpheleitai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - is profited/benefited", "*anthrōpos*": "nominative masculine singular - man/person", "*kerdēsas*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having gained", "*kosmon*": "accusative masculine singular - world", "*holon*": "accusative masculine singular - whole/entire", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and, contrastive particle", "*apolesas*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having lost/destroyed", "*zēmiōtheis*": "aorist passive participle, nominative masculine singular - having been damaged/forfeited" }, "variants": { "*ōpheleitai*": "is profited/benefited/advantaged", "*kerdēsas*": "gaining/winning/acquiring", "*kosmon*": "world/universe/order", "*apolesas*": "losing/destroying/forfeiting", "*zēmiōtheis*": "being damaged/forfeited/suffering loss" } }
• Job 35:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Job.35.3", "source": "כִּֽי־תֹ֭אמַר מַה־יִּסְכָּן־לָ֑ךְ מָֽה־אֹ֝עִ֗יל מֵֽחַטָּאתִֽי׃", "text": "*kî-tōʾmar mah-yiskān-lāk māh-ʾōʿîl mē-ḥaṭṭāʾtî*", "grammar": { "*kî-tōʾmar*": "conjunction + imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - that/for you say", "*mah-yiskān-lāk*": "interrogative + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - what profits to you?", "*māh-ʾōʿîl*": "interrogative + imperfect, 1st singular - what do I profit/gain?", "*mē-ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 1st singular possessive suffix - from my sin" }, "variants": { "*tōʾmar*": "to say/speak/tell", "*yiskān*": "to profit/benefit/be of use", "*ʾōʿîl*": "to profit/benefit/gain", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtî*": "my sin/wrongdoing/error" } }
• Ps 73:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.73.13", "source": "אַךְ־רִ֭יק זִכִּ֣יתִי לְבָבִ֑י וָאֶרְחַ֖ץ בְּנִקָּי֣וֹן כַּפָּֽי׃", "text": "*Akh-riq zikkiti levavi*, *wa'erchatz beniqqayon kappai*.", "grammar": { "*Akh-riq*": "adverb + adverb - surely in vain", "*zikkiti*": "verb, piel perfect, 1st person singular - I have cleansed", "*levavi*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 1st person singular suffix - my heart", "*wa'erchatz*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 1st person singular - and I washed", "*beniqqayon*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in innocence/cleanness", "*kappai*": "noun, feminine dual construct + 1st person singular suffix - my palms/hands" }, "variants": { "*akh*": "surely/only/nevertheless", "*riq*": "in vain/emptiness/worthlessness", "*zikkiti*": "I cleansed/purified", "*levav*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*rachatz*": "wash/bathe/cleanse", "*niqqayon*": "innocence/cleanness/purity", "*kappayim*": "palms/hands" } }
• Eccl 2:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.2.24", "source": "אֵֽין־ט֤וֹב בָּאָדָם֙ שֶׁיֹּאכַ֣ל וְשָׁתָ֔ה וְהֶרְאָ֧ה אֶת־נַפְשׁ֛וֹ ט֖וֹב בַּעֲמָל֑וֹ גַּם־זֹה֙ רָאִ֣יתִי אָ֔נִי כִּ֛י מִיַּ֥ד הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים הִֽיא׃", "text": "Not-*ṭôb* in the-*ʾādām* *sheyyōʾkal* and *shātâ* and *herʾāh* *ʾet*-*napshô* *ṭôb* in *ʿămālô* also-this *rāʾîtî* I because from *yad* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* it.", "grammar": { "*ṭôb*": "masculine singular adjective - good", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition and definite article - in the man", "*sheyyōʾkal*": "relative particle + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - that he should eat", "*shātâ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he drank", "*herʾāh*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he showed/made see", "*napshô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his soul", "*ṭôb*": "masculine singular adjective - good", "*ʿămālô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix with prefixed preposition - in his labor", "*rāʾîtî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I saw", "*yad*": "feminine singular construct - hand of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - God" }, "variants": { "*ʾêyn-ṭôb bāʾādām*": "there is nothing better for a person/it is not good for man", "*sheyyōʾkal wĕshātâ*": "than to eat and drink", "*herʾāh ʾet-napshô ṭôb*": "to let himself enjoy good/to make his soul see good", "*baʿămālô*": "in his work/in his labor/in his toil", "*miyyad hāʾĕlōhîm*": "from the hand of God/from God" } }
• Eccl 11:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.11.9", "source": "שְׂמַ֧ח בָּח֣וּר בְּיַלְדוּתֶ֗יךָ וִֽיטִּֽיבְךָ֤ לִבְּךָ֙ בִּימֵ֣י בְחוּרוֹתֶ֔ךָ וְהַלֵּךְ֙ בְּדַרְכֵ֣י לִבְּךָ֔ וּבְמַרְאֵ֖י עֵינֶ֑יךָ וְדָ֕ע כִּ֧י עַל־כָּל־אֵ֛לֶּה יְבִֽיאֲךָ֥ הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים בַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "*Śĕmaḥ* *bāḥûr* in-*yalḏûṯeḵā* and-*yĕṭîḇĕḵā* *libbĕḵā* in-*yĕmê* *bĕḥûrôṯeḵā* and-*hallēḵ* in-*ḏarḵê* *libbĕḵā* and-in-*marʾê* *ʿêneḵā* and-*dāʿ* that upon-all-these *yĕḇîʾăḵā* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* in-the-*mišpāṭ*", "grammar": { "*Śĕmaḥ*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - rejoice", "*bāḥûr*": "noun, masculine singular - young man", "*yalḏûṯeḵā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your youth", "*yĕṭîḇĕḵā*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - it will make you glad", "*libbĕḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*yĕmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*bĕḥûrôṯeḵā*": "noun, feminine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your young manhood", "*hallēḵ*": "piel imperative, masculine singular - walk", "*ḏarḵê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - ways of", "*marʾê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sights of", "*ʿêneḵā*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*dāʿ*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - know", "*yĕḇîʾăḵā*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will bring you", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine singular - judgment" }, "variants": { "*bāḥûr*": "young man/youth/chosen one", "*yalḏûṯeḵā*": "your youth/childhood", "*libbĕḵā*": "your heart/mind/inner self", "*bĕḥûrôṯeḵā*": "your young manhood/prime of life", "*hallēḵ*": "walk/go/proceed", "*ḏarḵê*": "ways/paths/journeys", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/ordinance" } }
• Acts 18:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Acts.18.19", "source": "Κατήντησεν δὲ εἰς Ἔφεσον, κἀκείνους κατέλιπεν αὐτοῦ: αὐτὸς δὲ εἰσελθὼν εἰς τὴν συναγωγὴν, διελέχθη τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις.", "text": "*Katēntēsen de eis Epheson*, *kakeinous katelipen autou*: *autos de eiselthōn eis tēn synagōgēn*, *dielechthē tois Ioudaiois*.", "grammar": { "*Katēntēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he arrived", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - at/to", "*Epheson*": "accusative feminine singular - Ephesus", "*kakeinous*": "crasis of *kai* + *ekeinous*, accusative plural pronoun - and those/them", "*katelipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he left", "*autou*": "adverb - there", "*autos*": "intensive pronoun, nominative masculine singular - he himself", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*eiselthōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative masculine singular - having entered", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - into", "*tēn synagōgēn*": "article + accusative feminine singular - the synagogue", "*dielechthē*": "aorist middle/passive indicative, 3rd person singular - he reasoned/discussed", "*tois Ioudaiois*": "article + dative masculine plural - with the Jews" }, "variants": { "*Katēntēsen*": "arrived/came to/reached", "*katelipen*": "left/left behind", "*eiselthōn*": "having entered/going into", "*dielechthē*": "reasoned/discussed/discoursed/debated" } }
• Acts 19:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Acts.19.1", "source": "¶Ἐγένετο δέ, ἐν τῷ, τὸν Ἀπολλὼ εἶναι ἐν Κορίνθῳ, Παῦλον διελθόντα τὰ ἀνωτερικὰ μέρη ἐλθεῖν εἰς Ἔφεσον: καὶ εὑρών τινας μαθητὰς,", "text": "*Egeneto* *de*, in the, the *Apollo* *einai* in *Korintho*, *Paulon* having passed through the *anoterika meri* to come to *Epheson*: and having found some *mathetas*,", "grammar": { "*Egeneto*": "aorist, 3rd singular, indicative - it happened/came to pass", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*Apollo*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Apollos", "*einai*": "present infinitive - to be", "*Korintho*": "dative, feminine, singular - Corinth", "*Paulon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Paul", "*anoterika meri*": "accusative, neuter, plural - upper/inland regions/parts", "*Epheson*": "accusative, feminine, singular - Ephesus", "*mathetas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - disciples" }, "variants": { "*Egeneto*": "it happened/came about/came to pass", "*anoterika*": "upper/higher/inland", "*meri*": "parts/regions/districts" } }
• Acts 19:23-40 : 23 { "verseID": "Acts.19.23", "source": "Ἐγένετο δὲ κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν ἐκεῖνον τάραχος οὐκ ὀλίγος περὶ τῆς ὁδοῦ.", "text": "*Egeneto de kata ton kairon ekeinon tarachos ouk oligos peri tēs hodou*.", "grammar": { "*Egeneto*": "aorist, 3rd singular, indicative - there arose", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*kata*": "preposition + accusative - during", "*ton kairon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the time", "*ekeinon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - that", "*tarachos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - disturbance", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*oligos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - small", "*peri*": "preposition + genitive - concerning", "*tēs hodou*": "genitive, feminine, singular - the Way" }, "variants": { "*Egeneto*": "there arose/happened/occurred", "*kairon*": "time/season/occasion", "*tarachos*": "disturbance/commotion/uproar", "*oligos*": "small/little/few", "*hodou*": "Way/path/road (metaphorically: teaching/doctrine)" } } 24 { "verseID": "Acts.19.24", "source": "Δημήτριος γάρ τις ὀνόματι, ἀργυροκόπος, ποιῶν ναοὺς ἀργυροῦς Ἀρτέμιδος, παρείχετο τοῖς τεχνίταις ἐργασίαν οὐκ ὀλίγην·", "text": "*Dēmētrios gar tis onomati*, *argyrokopos*, *poiōn naous argyrous Artemidos*, *pareicheto tois technitais ergasian ouk oligēn*;", "grammar": { "*Dēmētrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Demetrius", "*gar*": "postpositive particle - for", "*tis*": "nominative, masculine, singular - a certain", "*onomati*": "dative, neuter, singular - by name", "*argyrokopos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - silversmith", "*poiōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular - making", "*naous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - temples", "*argyrous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - silver", "*Artemidos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of Artemis", "*pareicheto*": "imperfect, 3rd singular, middle, indicative - was providing", "*tois technitais*": "dative, masculine, plural - to the craftsmen", "*ergasian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - business", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*oligēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - small" }, "variants": { "*argyrokopos*": "silversmith/silver-worker", "*poiōn*": "making/creating/fashioning", "*naous*": "temples/shrines", "*argyrous*": "silver/of silver", "*pareicheto*": "was providing/furnishing/bringing", "*technitais*": "craftsmen/artisans/skilled workers", "*ergasian*": "business/profit/gain/employment" } } 25 { "verseID": "Acts.19.25", "source": "Οὓς συναθροίσας καὶ τοὺς περὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐργάτας, εἶπεν, Ἄνδρες, ἐπίστασθε ὅτι ἐκ ταύτης τῆς ἐργασίας ἡ εὐπορία ἡμῶν ἐστιν.", "text": "Whom *synathroiaas* and *tous peri ta toiauta ergatas*, he *eipen*, *Andres*, you *epistasthe* that from *tautēs tēs ergasias hē euporia hēmōn estin*.", "grammar": { "*synathroiaas*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having gathered together", "*tous peri*": "the (workers) concerned with", "*ta toiauta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - such things", "*ergatas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - workers", "*eipen*": "aorist, 3rd singular, indicative - he said", "*Andres*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Men", "*epistasthe*": "present, 2nd plural, middle, indicative - you know", "*tautēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - this", "*tēs ergasias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - the business", "*hē euporia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the prosperity", "*hēmōn*": "genitive, 1st plural - of us", "*estin*": "present, 3rd singular, indicative - is" }, "variants": { "*synathroiaas*": "having gathered together/assembled/collected", "*ergatas*": "workers/laborers", "*Andres*": "Men/Gentlemen", "*epistasthe*": "you know/understand/are aware", "*ergasias*": "business/trade/craft", "*euporia*": "prosperity/wealth/well-being" } } 26 { "verseID": "Acts.19.26", "source": "Καὶ θεωρεῖτε καὶ ἀκούετε, ὅτι οὐ μόνον Ἐφέσου, ἀλλὰ σχεδὸν πάσης τῆς Ἀσίας, ὁ Παῦλος οὗτος πείσας μετέστησεν ἱκανὸν ὄχλον, λέγων ὅτι οὐκ εἰσὶν θεοὶ, οἱ διὰ χειρῶν γινόμενοι:", "text": "And you *theōreite* and *akouete*, that not only of *Ephesou*, but *schedon pasēs tēs Asias*, this *Paulos peisas metestēsen hikanon ochlon*, *legōn* that not *eisin theoi*, those *dia cheirōn ginomenoi*:", "grammar": { "*theōreite*": "present, 2nd plural, indicative - you see", "*akouete*": "present, 2nd plural, indicative - you hear", "*Ephesou*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of Ephesus", "*schedon*": "adverb - almost", "*pasēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - all", "*tēs Asias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of Asia", "*Paulos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Paul", "*peisas*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having persuaded", "*metestēsen*": "aorist, 3rd singular, indicative - has turned away", "*hikanon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - considerable", "*ochlon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - crowd", "*legōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular - saying", "*eisin*": "present, 3rd plural, indicative - they are", "*theoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - gods", "*dia*": "preposition + genitive - by", "*cheirōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - hands", "*ginomenoi*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural - being made" }, "variants": { "*theōreite*": "you see/observe/watch", "*akouete*": "you hear/listen to", "*schedon*": "almost/nearly/approximately", "*peisas*": "having persuaded/convinced", "*metestēsen*": "has turned away/moved/changed", "*hikanon*": "considerable/large/many", "*ochlon*": "crowd/multitude/throng", "*legōn*": "saying/speaking", "*theoi*": "gods/deities", "*ginomenoi*": "being made/created/fashioned" } } 27 { "verseID": "Acts.19.27", "source": "Οὐ μόνον δὲ τοῦτο κινδυνεύει ἡμῖν τὸ μέρος εἰς ἀπελεγμὸν ἐλθεῖν· ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ τῆς μεγάλης θεᾶς Ἀρτέμιδος ἱερὸν εἰς οὐθὲν λογισθῆναι, μέλλειν τε καὶ καθαιρεῖσθαι τὴν μεγαλειότητα αὐτῆς, ἣν ὅλη ἡ Ἀσία καὶ ἡ οἰκουμένη σέβεται.", "text": "Not only *de touto kindyneuei hēmin to meros eis apelegmon elthein*; but also the *tēs megalēs theas Artemidos hieron eis outhen logisthēnai*, *mellein te kai kathairreisthai tēn megaleiotēta autēs*, which *holē hē Asia kai hē oikoumenē sebetai*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*touto*": "nominative, neuter, singular - this", "*kindyneuei*": "present, 3rd singular, indicative - is in danger", "*hēmin*": "dative, 1st plural - for us", "*to meros*": "nominative, neuter, singular - the trade/part", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - to/into", "*apelegmon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - disrepute", "*elthein*": "aorist infinitive - to come", "*tēs megalēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the great", "*theas*": "genitive, feminine, singular - goddess", "*Artemidos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of Artemis", "*hieron*": "nominative, neuter, singular - temple", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - to/for", "*outhen*": "accusative, neuter, singular - nothing", "*logisthēnai*": "aorist infinitive, passive - to be counted", "*mellein*": "present infinitive - to be about", "*te*": "connective particle - both/and", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*kathairreisthai*": "present infinitive, passive - to be destroyed", "*tēn megaleiotēta*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the magnificence", "*autēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of her", "*holē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - all", "*hē Asia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - Asia", "*hē oikoumenē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the inhabited world", "*sebetai*": "present, 3rd singular, middle, indicative - worships" }, "variants": { "*kindyneuei*": "is in danger/at risk", "*meros*": "trade/part/portion/business", "*apelegmon*": "disrepute/discredit/rejection", "*elthein*": "to come/fall into", "*megalēs*": "great/large/important", "*theas*": "goddess/female deity", "*hieron*": "temple/sanctuary", "*logisthēnai*": "to be counted/considered/regarded as", "*mellein*": "to be about/going to", "*kathairreisthai*": "to be destroyed/torn down/demolished", "*megaleiotēta*": "magnificence/majesty/greatness", "*holē*": "all/whole/entire", "*oikoumenē*": "inhabited world/earth/empire", "*sebetai*": "worships/venerates/reveres" } } 28 { "verseID": "Acts.19.28", "source": "Ἀκούσαντες δὲ, καὶ γενόμενοι πλήρεις θυμοῦ, ἔκραζον, λέγοντες, Μεγάλη ἡ Ἄρτεμις Ἐφεσίων.", "text": "*Akousantes de*, and *genomenoi plēreis thymou*, *ekrazon*, *legontes*, Great is the *Artemis Ephesiōn*.", "grammar": { "*Akousantes*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having heard", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*genomenoi*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having become", "*plēreis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - full", "*thymou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of wrath", "*ekrazon*": "imperfect, 3rd plural, indicative - they were crying out", "*legontes*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural - saying", "*Megalē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - great", "*Artemis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - Artemis", "*Ephesiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of the Ephesians" }, "variants": { "*Akousantes*": "having heard/listened to", "*genomenoi*": "having become/being", "*plēreis*": "full/filled with", "*thymou*": "wrath/anger/rage", "*ekrazon*": "they were crying out/shouting/yelling", "*legontes*": "saying/speaking", "*Megalē*": "great/mighty" } } 29 { "verseID": "Acts.19.29", "source": "Καὶ ἐπλήσθη ἡ πόλις ὅλη συγχύσεως: ὥρμησάν τε ὁμοθυμαδὸν εἰς τὸ θέατρον, Συναρπάσαντες Γάϊον καὶ Ἀρίσταρχον, Μακεδόνας, συνεκδήμους Παύλου.", "text": "And *eplēsthē hē polis holē synchuseōs*: *hōrmēsan te homothymadon eis to theatron*, *Synarpasantes Gaion kai Aristarchon*, *Makedonas*, *synekdēmous Paulou*.", "grammar": { "*eplēsthē*": "aorist, 3rd singular, passive, indicative - was filled", "*hē polis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the city", "*holē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - whole", "*synchuseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - with confusion", "*hōrmēsan*": "aorist, 3rd plural, indicative - they rushed", "*te*": "connective particle - and", "*homothymadon*": "adverb - with one accord", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into", "*to theatron*": "accusative, neuter, singular - the theater", "*Synarpasantes*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having seized", "*Gaion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Gaius", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*Aristarchon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Aristarchus", "*Makedonas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - Macedonians", "*synekdēmous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - fellow travelers", "*Paulou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Paul" }, "variants": { "*eplēsthē*": "was filled/became full of", "*polis*": "city/town", "*holē*": "whole/entire", "*synchuseōs*": "confusion/tumult/disturbance", "*hōrmēsan*": "they rushed/hurried/moved rapidly", "*homothymadon*": "with one accord/unanimously/together", "*theatron*": "theater/spectacle", "*Synarpasantes*": "having seized/snatched/carried off", "*Makedonas*": "Macedonians/from Macedonia", "*synekdēmous*": "fellow travelers/companions/associates" } } 30 { "verseID": "Acts.19.30", "source": "Τοῦ δὲ Παύλου βουλομένου εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὸν δῆμον, οὐκ εἴων αὐτὸν οἱ μαθηταί.", "text": "*Tou de Paulou boulomenou eiselthein eis ton dēmon*, not *eiōn auton hoi mathētai*.", "grammar": { "*Tou Paulou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Paul", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*boulomenou*": "present participle, genitive, masculine, singular - desiring", "*eiselthein*": "aorist infinitive - to enter", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into", "*ton dēmon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the assembly", "*eiōn*": "imperfect, 3rd plural, indicative - were permitting", "*auton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - him", "*hoi mathētai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - the disciples" }, "variants": { "*boulomenou*": "desiring/wishing/wanting", "*eiselthein*": "to enter/go in", "*dēmon*": "assembly/people/crowd", "*eiōn*": "were permitting/allowing", "*mathētai*": "disciples/pupils/followers" } } 31 { "verseID": "Acts.19.31", "source": "Τινὲς δὲ καὶ τῶν Ἀσιαρχῶν, ὄντες αὐτῷ φίλοι, πέμψαντες πρὸς αὐτόν, παρεκάλουν μὴ δοῦναι ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὸ θέατρον.", "text": "*Tines de kai tōn Asiarchōn*, *ontes autō philoi*, *pempsantes pros auton*, *parekaloun mē dounai heauton eis to theatron*.", "grammar": { "*Tines*": "nominative, masculine, plural - some", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*kai*": "conjunction - also", "*tōn Asiarchōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of the Asiarchs", "*ontes*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural - being", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*philoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - friends", "*pempsantes*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having sent", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to", "*auton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - him", "*parekaloun*": "imperfect, 3rd plural, indicative - were urging", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*dounai*": "aorist infinitive - to give", "*heauton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - himself", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into", "*to theatron*": "accusative, neuter, singular - the theater" }, "variants": { "*Asiarchōn*": "Asiarchs/chief officials of Asia", "*ontes*": "being/who were", "*philoi*": "friends/dear ones", "*pempsantes*": "having sent/dispatched", "*parekaloun*": "were urging/begging/exhorting", "*dounai*": "to give/venture/risk", "*heauton*": "himself", "*theatron*": "theater/spectacle" } } 32 { "verseID": "Acts.19.32", "source": "Ἄλλοι μὲν οὖν ἄλλο τι ἔκραζον: ἦν γὰρ ἡ ἐκκλησία συγκεχυμένη· καὶ οἱ πλείους οὐκ ᾔδεισαν τίνος ἕνεκεν συνεληλύθεισαν.", "text": "Others *men oun allo ti ekrazon*: *ēn gar hē ekklēsia syngkechymenē*; and *hoi pleious ouk ēdeisan tinos heneken synelēlytheisan*.", "grammar": { "*men*": "postpositive particle - indeed/on one hand", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*allo ti*": "accusative, neuter, singular - something else", "*ekrazon*": "imperfect, 3rd plural, indicative - were crying out", "*ēn*": "imperfect, 3rd singular, indicative - was", "*gar*": "postpositive particle - for", "*hē ekklēsia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the assembly", "*syngkechymenē*": "perfect participle, nominative, feminine, singular - having been confused", "*hoi pleious*": "nominative, masculine, plural - the most", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*ēdeisan*": "pluperfect, 3rd plural, indicative - they knew", "*tinos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - for what", "*heneken*": "preposition + genitive - because of", "*synelēlytheisan*": "pluperfect, 3rd plural, indicative - they had come together" }, "variants": { "*allo ti*": "something else/different things", "*ekrazon*": "were crying out/shouting", "*ekklēsia*": "assembly/gathering/congregation", "*syngkechymenē*": "having been confused/in confusion/in disorder", "*pleious*": "most/majority/greater part", "*ēdeisan*": "they knew/were aware", "*heneken*": "because of/on account of/for what reason", "*synelēlytheisan*": "they had come together/assembled" } } 33 { "verseID": "Acts.19.33", "source": "Ἐκ δὲ τοῦ ὄχλου προεβίβασαν Ἀλέξανδρον, προβαλόντων αὐτὸν τῶν Ἰουδαίων. Ὁ δὲ Ἀλέξανδρος κατασείσας τὴν χεῖρα, ἤθελεν ἀπολογεῖσθαι τῷ δήμῳ.", "text": "Out of *de tou ochlou proebibasan Alexandron*, *probalontōn auton tōn Ioudaiōn*. *Ho de Alexandros kataseisas tēn cheira*, *ēthelen apologeisthai tō dēmō*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*tou ochlou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - the crowd", "*proebibasan*": "aorist, 3rd plural, indicative - they put forward", "*Alexandron*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Alexander", "*probalontōn*": "aorist participle, genitive, masculine, plural - having put forward", "*auton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - him", "*tōn Ioudaiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - the Jews", "*Ho Alexandros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Alexander", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*kataseisas*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having motioned with", "*tēn cheira*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the hand", "*ēthelen*": "imperfect, 3rd singular, indicative - was wanting", "*apologeisthai*": "present infinitive, middle - to make a defense", "*tō dēmō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to the assembly" }, "variants": { "*ochlou*": "crowd/multitude/throng", "*proebibasan*": "they put forward/brought forward", "*probalontōn*": "having put forward/thrust forward", "*Ioudaiōn*": "Jews/Judeans", "*kataseisas*": "having motioned with/gestured with", "*cheira*": "hand", "*ēthelen*": "was wanting/wishing/intending", "*apologeisthai*": "to make a defense/defend himself", "*dēmō*": "assembly/people/crowd" } } 34 { "verseID": "Acts.19.34", "source": "Ἐπιγνόντες δὲ ὅτι Ἰουδαῖός ἐστιν, φωνὴ ἐγένετο μία ἐκ πάντων ὡς ἐπὶ ὥρας δύο κραζόντων, Μεγάλη ἡ Ἄρτεμις Ἐφεσίων.", "text": "*Epignontes de hoti Ioudaios estin*, *phōnē egeneto mia ek pantōn hōs epi hōras dyo krazontōn*, Great is the *Artemis Ephesiōn*.", "grammar": { "*Epignontes*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having recognized", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*Ioudaios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - a Jew", "*estin*": "present, 3rd singular, indicative - he is", "*phōnē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - voice/sound", "*egeneto*": "aorist, 3rd singular, indicative - arose", "*mia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - one", "*ek*": "preposition + genitive - from", "*pantōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - all", "*hōs*": "adverb - about", "*epi*": "preposition + accusative - for", "*hōras*": "accusative, feminine, plural - hours", "*dyo*": "numeral - two", "*krazontōn*": "present participle, genitive, masculine, plural - crying out", "*Megalē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - great", "*Artemis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - Artemis", "*Ephesiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of the Ephesians" }, "variants": { "*Epignontes*": "having recognized/perceived/become aware", "*Ioudaios*": "a Jew/Judean", "*phōnē*": "voice/sound/cry", "*egeneto*": "arose/came/occurred", "*hōras*": "hours/times", "*krazontōn*": "crying out/shouting", "*Megalē*": "great/mighty" } } 35 { "verseID": "Acts.19.35", "source": "Καταστείλας δὲ ὁ γραμματεὺς τὸν ὄχλον, φησίν, Ἄνδρες Ἐφέσιοι, τίς γάρ ἐστιν ἄνθρωπος ὃς οὐ γινώσκει τὴν Ἐφεσίων πόλιν νεωκόρον οὖσαν τῆς μεγάλης θεᾶς Ἀρτέμιδος, καὶ τοῦ Διοπετοῦς;", "text": "*Katasteilas de ho grammateus ton ochlon*, he *phēsin*, *Andres Ephesioi*, who *gar estin anthrōpos hos ou ginōskei tēn Ephesiōn polin neōkoron ousan tēs megalēs theas Artemidos*, and of the *Diopetous*?", "grammar": { "*Katasteilas*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having quieted", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*ho grammateus*": "nominative, masculine, singular - the town clerk", "*ton ochlon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the crowd", "*phēsin*": "present, 3rd singular, indicative - he says", "*Andres*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Men", "*Ephesioi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - Ephesians", "*gar*": "postpositive particle - for", "*estin*": "present, 3rd singular, indicative - is", "*anthrōpos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - person", "*hos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - who", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*ginōskei*": "present, 3rd singular, indicative - knows", "*tēn Ephesiōn polin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the city of the Ephesians", "*neōkoron*": "accusative, feminine, singular - temple guardian", "*ousan*": "present participle, accusative, feminine, singular - being", "*tēs megalēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the great", "*theas*": "genitive, feminine, singular - goddess", "*Artemidos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of Artemis", "*tou Diopetous*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of the image fallen from Zeus" }, "variants": { "*Katasteilas*": "having quieted/calmed/restrained", "*grammateus*": "town clerk/secretary/scribe", "*ochlon*": "crowd/multitude/throng", "*phēsin*": "he says/declares/affirms", "*Andres*": "Men/Gentlemen", "*anthrōpos*": "person/man/human being", "*ginōskei*": "knows/understands/is aware", "*polin*": "city/town", "*neōkoron*": "temple guardian/temple keeper/worshipper", "*ousan*": "being/existing as", "*megalēs*": "great/mighty", "*theas*": "goddess/female deity", "*Diopetous*": "image fallen from Zeus/heaven-fallen object" } } 36 { "verseID": "Acts.19.36", "source": "Ἀναντιρρήτων οὖν ὄντων τούτων, δέον ἐστὶν ὑμᾶς κατεσταλμένους ὑπάρχειν, καὶ μηδὲν προπετὲς πράσσειν.", "text": "*Anantirrētōn oun ontōn toutōn*, *deon estin hymas katestalmemous hyparchein*, and *mēden propetes prassein*.", "grammar": { "*Anantirrētōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - undeniable", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore", "*ontōn*": "present participle, genitive, neuter, plural - being", "*toutōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - these things", "*deon*": "present participle, nominative, neuter, singular - necessary", "*estin*": "present, 3rd singular, indicative - it is", "*hymas*": "accusative, 2nd plural - you", "*katestalmemous*": "perfect participle, accusative, masculine, plural - being calm", "*hyparchein*": "present infinitive - to be", "*mēden*": "accusative, neuter, singular - nothing", "*propetes*": "accusative, neuter, singular - rash", "*prassein*": "present infinitive - to do" }, "variants": { "*Anantirrētōn*": "undeniable/indisputable/cannot be contradicted", "*ontōn*": "being/existing", "*deon*": "necessary/proper/fitting", "*katestalmemous*": "being calm/composed/restrained", "*hyparchein*": "to be/exist/remain", "*propetes*": "rash/hasty/impulsive", "*prassein*": "to do/perform/practice" } } 37 { "verseID": "Acts.19.37", "source": "Ἠγάγετε γὰρ τοὺς ἄνδρας τούτους, οὔτε ἱεροσύλους, οὔτε βλασφημοῦντας τὴν θεὰν ὑμῶν.", "text": "For you *ēgagete tous andras toutous*, neither *hierosylous*, nor *blasphēmountas tēn thean hymōn*.", "grammar": { "*ēgagete*": "aorist, 2nd plural, indicative - you have brought", "*tous andras*": "accusative, masculine, plural - the men", "*toutous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - these", "*hierosylous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - temple robbers", "*blasphēmountas*": "present participle, accusative, masculine, plural - blaspheming", "*tēn thean*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the goddess", "*hymōn*": "genitive, 2nd plural - of you" }, "variants": { "*ēgagete*": "you have brought/led", "*andras*": "men/males", "*hierosylous*": "temple robbers/plunderers of temples", "*blasphēmountas*": "blaspheming/speaking evil of", "*thean*": "goddess/female deity" } } 38 { "verseID": "Acts.19.38", "source": "Εἰ μὲν οὖν Δημήτριος, καὶ οἱ σὺν αὐτῷ, τεχνῖται ἔχουσιν πρός τινα λόγον, ἀγοραῖοι ἄγονται, καὶ ἀνθύπατοί εἰσιν: ἐγκαλείτωσαν ἀλλήλοις.", "text": "If *men oun Dēmētrios*, and those *syn autō*, *technitai echousin pros tina logon*, *agoraioi agontai*, and *anthypatoi eisin*: *egkaleitōsan allēlois*.", "grammar": { "*men*": "postpositive particle - indeed/on one hand", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*Dēmētrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Demetrius", "*syn*": "preposition + dative - with", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - him", "*technitai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - craftsmen", "*echousin*": "present, 3rd plural, indicative - they have", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - against", "*tina*": "accusative, masculine, singular - anyone", "*logon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - matter", "*agoraioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - courts", "*agontai*": "present, 3rd plural, passive, indicative - are being held", "*anthypatoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - proconsuls", "*eisin*": "present, 3rd plural, indicative - there are", "*egkaleitōsan*": "present imperative, 3rd plural - let them bring charges", "*allēlois*": "dative, masculine, plural - against one another" }, "variants": { "*technitai*": "craftsmen/artisans/skilled workers", "*echousin*": "they have/hold/possess", "*logon*": "matter/complaint/case", "*agoraioi*": "courts/court days/legal assemblies", "*agontai*": "are being held/conducted", "*anthypatoi*": "proconsuls/governors", "*egkaleitōsan*": "let them bring charges/accuse/make complaint", "*allēlois*": "against one another/each other" } } 39 { "verseID": "Acts.19.39", "source": "Εἰ δέ τι περὶ ἑτέρων ἐπιζητεῖτε, ἐν τῇ ἐννόμῳ ἐκκλησίᾳ ἐπιλυθήσεται.", "text": "But if anything *peri heterōn epizēteite*, in the *ennomō ekklēsia epilythēsetai*.", "grammar": { "*peri*": "preposition + genitive - concerning", "*heterōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - other matters", "*epizēteite*": "present, 2nd plural, indicative - you inquire about", "*ennomō*": "dative, feminine, singular - lawful", "*ekklēsia*": "dative, feminine, singular - assembly", "*epilythēsetai*": "future, 3rd singular, passive, indicative - it will be decided" }, "variants": { "*heterōn*": "other matters/different things", "*epizēteite*": "you inquire about/seek after/desire", "*ennomō*": "lawful/legal/regular", "*ekklēsia*": "assembly/gathering/congregation", "*epilythēsetai*": "it will be decided/settled/resolved" } } 40 { "verseID": "Acts.19.40", "source": "Καὶ γὰρ κινδυνεύομεν ἐγκαλεῖσθαι στάσεως περὶ τῆς σήμερον, μηδενὸς αἰτίου ὑπάρχοντος περὶ οὗ δυνησόμεθα ἀποδοῦναι λόγον τῆς συστροφῆς ταύτης. ⋄Καί ταῦτα εἰπών, ἀπέλυσεν τὴν ἐκκλησίαν.", "text": "For indeed we *kindyneuomen enkaleisthai staseōs peri tēs sēmeron*, *mēdenos aitiou hyparchontos peri hou dynēsometha apodounai logon tēs systrophēs tautēs*. And *tauta eipōn*, he *apelysen tēn ekklēsian*.", "grammar": { "*kindyneuomen*": "present, 1st plural, indicative - we are in danger", "*enkaleisthai*": "present infinitive, passive - to be charged", "*staseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - with riot", "*peri*": "preposition + genitive - concerning", "*tēs sēmeron*": "genitive, feminine, singular - today", "*mēdenos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - no", "*aitiou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - cause", "*hyparchontos*": "present participle, genitive, neuter, singular - existing", "*peri*": "preposition + genitive - concerning", "*hou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - which", "*dynēsometha*": "future, 1st plural, indicative - we will be able", "*apodounai*": "aorist infinitive - to give", "*logon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - an account", "*tēs systrophēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the gathering", "*tautēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - this", "*tauta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - these things", "*eipōn*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having said", "*apelysen*": "aorist, 3rd singular, indicative - he dismissed", "*tēn ekklēsian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the assembly" }, "variants": { "*kindyneuomen*": "we are in danger/at risk", "*enkaleisthai*": "to be charged/accused", "*staseōs*": "with riot/revolt/insurrection", "*sēmeron*": "today/this day", "*aitiou*": "cause/reason/grounds", "*hyparchontos*": "existing/being present", "*dynēsometha*": "we will be able/can", "*apodounai*": "to give/render/provide", "*logon*": "an account/explanation/reason", "*systrophēs*": "gathering/assembly/concourse", "*eipōn*": "having said/spoken", "*apelysen*": "he dismissed/released/sent away", "*ekklēsian*": "assembly/gathering/congregation" } }
• Rom 6:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Romans.6.19", "source": "Ἀνθρώπινον λέγω διὰ τὴν ἀσθένειαν τῆς σαρκὸς ὑμῶν: ὥσπερ γὰρ παρεστήσατε τὰ μέλη ὑμῶν δοῦλα τῇ ἀκαθαρσίᾳ καὶ τῇ ἀνομίᾳ εἰς τὴν ἀνομίαν· οὕτως νῦν παραστήσατε τὰ μέλη ὑμῶν δοῦλα τῇ δικαιοσύνῃ εἰς ἁγιασμόν.", "text": "*Anthrōpinon legō dia tēn astheneian tēs sarkos hymōn*: *hōsper gar parestēsate ta melē hymōn doula tē akatharsia kai tē anomia eis tēn anomian*; *houtōs nyn parastēsate ta melē hymōn doula tē dikaiosynē eis hagiasmon*.", "grammar": { "*Anthrōpinon*": "adjective, accusative, neuter, singular - human", "*legō*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I speak", "*dia tēn astheneian*": "prepositional phrase, accusative, feminine, singular - because of the weakness", "*tēs sarkos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the flesh", "*hymōn*": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person plural - your", "*hōsper*": "comparative conjunction - just as", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*parestēsate*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd person plural - you presented/yielded", "*ta melē*": "accusative, neuter, plural - the members/parts", "*hymōn*": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person plural - your", "*doula*": "accusative, neuter, plural - slaves", "*tē akatharsia*": "dative, feminine, singular - to uncleanness", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tē anomia*": "dative, feminine, singular - to lawlessness", "*eis tēn anomian*": "prepositional phrase, accusative, feminine, singular - to lawlessness", "*houtōs*": "adverb - thus/so", "*nyn*": "adverb - now", "*parastēsate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person plural - present/yield", "*doula tē dikaiosynē*": "slaves to righteousness", "*eis hagiasmon*": "prepositional phrase, accusative, masculine, singular - to sanctification" }, "variants": { "*Anthrōpinon*": "human/in human terms", "*legō*": "I speak/I say/I mean", "*astheneian*": "weakness/infirmity/frailty", "*sarkos*": "flesh/human nature/physical existence", "*parestēsate*": "you presented/you yielded/you offered", "*melē*": "members/parts/limbs", "*doula*": "slaves/servants/in bondage", "*akatharsia*": "uncleanness/impurity/moral corruption", "*anomia*": "lawlessness/iniquity/wickedness", "*dikaiosynē*": "righteousness/justice/right standing", "*hagiasmon*": "sanctification/holiness/consecration" } }
• 2 Cor 1:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "2 Corinthians.1.8", "source": "Οὐ γὰρ θέλομεν ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν, ἀδελφοί, ὑπὲρ τῆς θλίψεως ἡμῶν τῆς γενομένης ἡμῖν ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ, ὅτι καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν ἐβαρήθημεν, ὑπὲρ δύναμιν, ὥστε ἐξαπορηθῆναι ἡμᾶς καὶ τοῦ ζῆν:", "text": "For not we *thelomen* you to *agnoein*, *adelphoi*, concerning the *thlipseōs* of us which *genomenēs* to us in *Asia*, that according to *hyperbolēn* we were *ebarēthēmen*, beyond *dynamin*, so as to *exaporēthēnai* us even of *zēn*:", "grammar": { "*thelomen*": "present indicative, active, 1st person plural - we wish/want", "*agnoein*": "present infinitive, active - to be ignorant/unaware", "*adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers", "*thlipseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of affliction/trouble", "*genomenēs*": "aorist participle, middle, genitive, feminine, singular - having happened", "*hyperbolēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - excess/extreme measure", "*ebarēthēmen*": "aorist indicative, passive, 1st person plural - we were burdened/weighed down", "*dynamin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - power/strength/ability", "*exaporēthēnai*": "aorist infinitive, passive - to be utterly at a loss/in despair", "*zēn*": "present infinitive, active - to live" }, "variants": { "*thelomen*": "we wish/want/desire", "*agnoein*": "to be ignorant/unaware/not knowing", "*adelphoi*": "brothers/siblings/fellow believers", "*thlipseōs*": "affliction/trouble/distress/suffering", "*hyperbolēn*": "excess/extreme measure/surpassing degree", "*ebarēthēmen*": "we were burdened/weighed down/oppressed", "*dynamin*": "power/strength/ability/capacity", "*exaporēthēnai*": "to be utterly at a loss/in despair/without resources", "*zēn*": "to live/to be alive" } } 9 { "verseID": "2 Corinthians.1.9", "source": "Ἀλλὰ αὐτοὶ ἐν ἑαυτοῖς τὸ ἀπόκριμα τοῦ θανάτου ἐσχήκαμεν, ἵνα μὴ πεποιθότες ὦμεν ἐφʼ ἑαυτοῖς, ἀλλʼ ἐπὶ τῷ Θεῷ τῷ ἐγείροντι τοὺς νεκρούς:", "text": "But ourselves in ourselves the *apokrima* of *thanatou* we have *eschēkamen*, so that not *pepoithotes* we might be upon ourselves, but upon the *Theō* the one *egeironti* the *nekrous*:", "grammar": { "*apokrima*": "accusative, neuter, singular - sentence/verdict", "*thanatou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of death", "*eschēkamen*": "perfect indicative, active, 1st person plural - we have had", "*pepoithotes*": "perfect participle, active, nominative, masculine, plural - having trusted/been confident", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - on God", "*egeironti*": "present participle, active, dative, masculine, singular - raising", "*nekrous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - dead ones" }, "variants": { "*apokrima*": "sentence/verdict/response/decree", "*thanatou*": "death/mortality", "*eschēkamen*": "we have had/experienced/received", "*pepoithotes*": "having trusted/been confident/relied upon", "*egeironti*": "raising/awakening/causing to rise", "*nekrous*": "dead ones/corpses" } } 10 { "verseID": "2 Corinthians.1.10", "source": "Ὃς ἐκ τηλικούτου θανάτου, ἐρρύσατο ἡμᾶς καὶ ῥύεται: εἰς ὃν ἠλπίκαμεν ὅτι καὶ ἔτι ῥύσεται·", "text": "Who from so great *thanatou*, *errysato* us and *rhyetai*: in whom we have *ēlpikamen* that also still he will *rhysetai*;", "grammar": { "*thanatou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of death", "*errysato*": "aorist indicative, middle, 3rd person singular - rescued/delivered", "*rhyetai*": "present indicative, middle, 3rd person singular - rescues/delivers", "*ēlpikamen*": "perfect indicative, active, 1st person plural - we have hoped", "*rhysetai*": "future indicative, middle, 3rd person singular - will rescue/deliver" }, "variants": { "*thanatou*": "death/peril/danger", "*errysato*": "rescued/delivered/saved", "*rhyetai*": "rescues/delivers/saves", "*ēlpikamen*": "we have hoped/trusted/expected", "*rhysetai*": "will rescue/deliver/save" } }
• Gal 3:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Galatians.3.15", "source": "Ἀδελφοί, κατὰ ἄνθρωπον λέγω· Ὅμως ἀνθρώπου κεκυρωμένην διαθήκην, οὐδεὶς ἀθετεῖ, ἢ ἐπιδιατάσσεται.", "text": "*Adelphoi*, according to *anthrōpon* I *legō*; yet of *anthrōpou* having been *kekyrōmenēn* *diathēkēn*, no one *athetei*, or *epidiatassetai*.", "grammar": { "*Adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers/brethren", "*anthrōpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - man/human custom", "*legō*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person, singular - I speak/say", "*anthrōpou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - man/person/human", "*kekyrōmenēn*": "perfect, passive, participle, accusative, feminine, singular - having been ratified/confirmed", "*diathēkēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - covenant/testament/will", "*athetei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - sets aside/annuls/rejects", "*epidiatassetai*": "present, middle, indicative, 3rd person, singular - adds conditions to/modifies" }, "variants": { "*Adelphoi*": "brothers/brethren/siblings", "*anthrōpon*": "man/human terms/human custom", "*anthrōpou*": "man's/person's/human's", "*kekyrōmenēn*": "having been ratified/confirmed/validated", "*diathēkēn*": "covenant/testament/will/legal agreement", "*athetei*": "sets aside/annuls/rejects/nullifies", "*epidiatassetai*": "adds conditions to/modifies/makes additional provisions" } }
• 2 Pet 2:12 : 12 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.12", "source": "Οὗτοι δέ, ὡς ἄλογα ζῶα φυσικὰ, γεγενημένα εἰς ἅλωσιν καὶ φθοράν, ἐν οἷς ἀγνοοῦσιν βλασφημοῦντες· ἐν τῇ φθορᾷ αὐτῶν καταφθαρήσονται·", "text": "*Houtoi de, hōs aloga zōa physika, gegenēmena eis halōsin kai phthoran, en hois agnoousin blasphēmountes; en tē phthora autōn kataphtharēsontai*;", "grammar": { "*Houtoi*": "nominative plural masculine demonstrative pronoun - 'these'", "*de*": "postpositive particle - 'but/and'", "*hōs*": "comparative particle - 'as/like'", "*aloga*": "nominative plural neuter - 'irrational/brute'", "*zōa*": "nominative plural neuter - 'animals/beasts'", "*physika*": "nominative plural neuter - 'natural'", "*gegenēmena*": "perfect passive participle, nominative plural neuter - 'having been born'", "*eis halōsin*": "preposition with accusative singular feminine - 'for capture'", "*kai*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*phthoran*": "accusative singular feminine - 'destruction'", "*en hois*": "preposition with dative plural relative pronoun - 'in what things'", "*agnoousin*": "present indicative active, 3rd plural - 'they are ignorant'", "*blasphēmountes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - 'blaspheming'", "*en tē phthora*": "preposition with dative singular feminine - 'in the destruction'", "*autōn*": "genitive plural - 'of them/their'", "*kataphtharēsontai*": "future indicative passive, 3rd plural - 'will be utterly destroyed'" }, "variants": { "*aloga*": "irrational/unreasoning/brute", "*zōa*": "animals/beasts/living creatures", "*physika*": "natural/instinctive/by nature", "*gegenēmena*": "having been born/brought into being/created", "*halōsin*": "capture/catching/being taken", "*phthoran*": "destruction/corruption/decay", "*agnoousin*": "they are ignorant of/do not understand/are unaware of", "*blasphēmountes*": "blaspheming/slandering/speaking evil", "*kataphtharēsontai*": "will be utterly destroyed/will be completely corrupted/will perish" } }
• Jude 1:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Jude.1.10", "source": "Οὗτοι δὲ ὅσα μὲν οὐκ οἴδασιν βλασφημοῦσιν: ὅσα δὲ φυσικῶς, ὡς τὰ ἄλογα ζῶα ἐπίστανται, ἐν τούτοις φθείρονται.", "text": "*Houtoi de hosa men ouk oidasin blasphēmousin*: *hosa de physikōs*, as the *aloga zōa epistantai*, *en toutois phtheirontai*.", "grammar": { "*Houtoi*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural - these", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but", "*hosa men*": "relative pronoun, accusative, neuter, plural - whatever things", "*ouk oidasin*": "perfect active indicative, 3rd person plural with negative - they do not know", "*blasphēmousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they blaspheme", "*hosa de*": "relative pronoun, accusative, neuter, plural - but whatever things", "*physikōs*": "adverb - naturally/instinctively", "*aloga zōa*": "nominative, neuter, plural - irrational animals", "*epistantai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd person plural - they understand", "*en toutois*": "prepositional phrase with dative - in these things", "*phtheirontai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they are corrupted" }, "variants": { "*oidasin*": "know/understand", "*blasphēmousin*": "blaspheme/speak evil of/slander", "*physikōs*": "naturally/instinctively/by instinct", "*aloga*": "irrational/unreasoning/brute", "*zōa*": "animals/creatures/beasts", "*epistantai*": "understand/know/comprehend", "*phtheirontai*": "are corrupted/are destroyed/are ruined" } }