Verse 32

{ "verseID": "Hebrews.11.32", "source": "Καὶ τί ἔτι λέγω; ἐπιλείψει γὰρ με διηγούμενον ὁ χρόνος περὶ Γεδεών, Βαράκ τε, καὶ Σαμψών, καὶ Ἰεφθάε· Δαυίδ τε, καὶ Σαμουὴλ, καὶ τῶν προφητῶν:", "text": "And what *eti* do I *legō*? *epileipsei* *gar* me *diēgoumenon* the *chronos* concerning *Gedeōn*, *Barak* *te*, and *Sampsōn*, and *Iephthae*; *David* *te*, and *Samouēl*, and the *prophētōn*:", "grammar": { "*eti*": "adverb - still/yet/more", "*legō*": "present active indicative, 1st singular - I say/tell", "*epileipsei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will fail/run out", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*diēgoumenon*": "present middle participle, accusative, masculine, singular - telling/recounting", "*chronos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - time", "*te*": "connective particle - and/both", "*prophētōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of prophets" }, "variants": { "*eti*": "still/yet/more/further", "*legō*": "say/tell/speak", "*epileipsei*": "will fail/run out/be insufficient", "*diēgoumenon*": "telling/recounting/narrating", "*chronos*": "time/period/season", "*prophētōn*": "prophets/seers" } }

Other Translations

• Bibeloversettelse fra KJV1611 og Textus Receptus

  Og hva skal jeg mer si? Tiden ville ikke strekke til til å fortelle om Gedeon, Barak, Samson, Jefta; også om David og Samuel og profetene:

• NT, oversatt fra gresk

  Ved tro husket Josef, da han lå for døden, utgangen til israelittene og ga ordre om at hans ben skulle tas med.

• Norsk King James

  Og hva mer skal jeg si? Tiden ville ikke strekke til for å fortelle om Gedeon, Barak, Simson og Jefta; også om David, Samuel, og profetene.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og hva mer skal jeg si? Tiden vil ikke strekke til hvis jeg forteller om Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jefta, David, Samuel og profetene,

• KJV/Textus Receptus til norsk

  Og hva mer skal jeg si? For tiden ville svikte meg dersom jeg skulle fortelle om Gideon og Barak og Samson og Jefta, også om David og Samuel og profetene:

• Den norske oversettelsen av Det Nye Testamente

  Og hva mer skal jeg si? For tiden ville ikke tillate å fortelle om Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jefta, David, Samuel og profetene,

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Og hva mer skal jeg si? For tiden vil ikke strekke til å fortelle om Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jefta, om David, Samuel og profetene,

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Hva mer skal jeg si? For tiden ville ikke strekke til å fortelle om Gideon, Barak, Samson og Jefta, om David, Samuel og profetene.

• gpt4.5-preview

  Og hva mer skal jeg si? Tiden vil ikke strekke til om jeg skal fortelle om Gideon og Barak, Samson og Jefta, David, Samuel og profetene.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Og hva mer skal jeg si? Tiden vil ikke strekke til om jeg skal fortelle om Gideon og Barak, Samson og Jefta, David, Samuel og profetene.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Og hva skal jeg si mer? Tiden ville ikke strekke til om jeg fortalte om Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jefta, David, Samuel og profetene,

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  And what more shall I say? Time would fail me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, David, Samuel, and the prophets,

• NT, oversatt fra gresk Aug2024

  Og hva mer skal jeg si? For tiden ville svikte meg hvis jeg skulle fortelle om Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jefta, David, Samuel og profetene.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Dog hvi taler jeg mere? Tiden vilde jo fattes mig, hvis jeg fortalte om Gideon og Barak og Samson og Jephtha, om David og Samuel og Propheterne,

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And what shall I more say? for the time would fail me to tell of Gedeon, and of Barak, and of Samson, and of Jephthae; of David also, and Samuel, and of the prophets:

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Og hva skal jeg mer si? For tiden vil ikke strekke til for å fortelle om Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jefta, David, Samuel og profetene:

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  And what more shall I say? For the time would fail me to tell of Gideon and Barak and Samson and Jephthah, also of David and Samuel and the prophets:

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And what shall I more say? for the time would fail me to tell of Gedeon, and of Barak, and of Samson, and of Jephthae; of David also, and Samuel, and of the prophets:

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Hva mer skal jeg si? For tiden ville ikke rekke til om jeg fortalte om Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jefta, David, Samuel og profetene,

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Og hva mer skal jeg si? For tiden vil ikke strekke til for å fortelle om Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jefta, David, Samuel og profetene,

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Og hva mer skal jeg si? For tiden ville ikke være nok om jeg skulle fortelle om Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jefta, David, Samuel og profetene,

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Hva skal jeg si mer? For tiden ville ikke strekke til om jeg skulle fortelle om Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jefta, David, Samuel og profetene,

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And what shall I more saye ye tyme wold be to short for me to tell of Gedeo of Barach and of Samson and of Iephthae: also of David and Samuel and of the Prophetes:

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And what shal I more saye? ye tyme wolde be to shorte for me to tell of Gedeon, of Barac, and of Samson, & of Iepthae, and of Dauid, and Samuel, and of the prophetes,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And what shall I more say? for the time would be too short for me to tell of Gedeon, of Barac, and of Sampson, and of Iephte, also of Dauid, and Samuel, and of the Prophets:

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And what shall I more say? for the tyme woulde fayle me, to rehearse of Gedeon, of Barac, and of Sampson, and of Iephte, of Dauid also and Samuel, and of the prophetes:

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And what shall I more say? for the time would fail me to tell of Gedeon, and [of] Barak, and [of] Samson, and [of] Jephthae; [of] David also, and Samuel, and [of] the prophets:

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  What more shall I say? For the time would fail me if I told of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, David, Samuel, and the prophets;

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And what shall I yet say? for the time will fail me recounting about Gideon, Barak also, and Samson, and Jephthah, David also, and Samuel, and the prophets,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And what shall I more say? for the time will fail me if I tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah; of David and Samuel and the prophets:

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  What more am I to say? For there would not be time to give the stories of Gideon, Barak, Samson, and Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets:

• World English Bible (2000)

  What more shall I say? For the time would fail me if I told of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, David, Samuel, and the prophets;

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  And what more shall I say? For time will fail me if I tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 1:20 : 20 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.1.20", "source": "וַיְהִי֙ לִתְקֻפ֣וֹת הַיָּמִ֔ים וַתַּ֥הַר חַנָּ֖ה וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֑ן וַתִּקְרָ֤א אֶת־שְׁמוֹ֙ שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל כִּ֥י מֵיְהוָ֖ה שְׁאִלְתִּֽיו׃", "text": "And-*wayəhî* at-*litqupôt* the-*hayyāmîm* and-*wattahar* *ḥannāh* and-*wattēled* *bēn* and-*wattiqrāʾ* *ʾet*-*šəmô* *šəmûʾēl* because from-*YHWH* *šəʾiltîw*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass", "*litqupôt*": "preposition lamed + feminine plural construct - at the circuit/revolution of", "*hayyāmîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the days", "*wattahar*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she conceived", "*wattēled*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she bore", "*bēn*": "masculine singular noun - son", "*wattiqrāʾ*": "conjunction waw + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she called", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šəmô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name", "*šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*mēYHWH*": "preposition min + divine name - from YHWH", "*šəʾiltîw*": "qal perfect 1st common singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - I asked him" }, "variants": { "*litqupôt hayyāmîm*": "in the course of time/after the cycle of days/when the time had come", "*šəmûʾēl*": "Samuel (name meaning 'heard of God' or 'asked of God')", "*mēYHWH šəʾiltîw*": "from YHWH I asked him/I have requested him from the LORD" } }
• 1 Sam 16:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1_Samuel.16.1", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵ֗ל עַד־מָתַי֙ אַתָּה֙ מִתְאַבֵּ֣ל אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל וַאֲנִ֣י מְאַסְתִּ֔יו מִמְּלֹ֖ךְ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מַלֵּ֨א קַרְנְךָ֜ שֶׁ֗מֶן וְלֵ֤ךְ אֶֽשְׁלָחֲךָ֙ אֶל־יִשַׁ֣י בֵּֽית־הַלַּחְמִ֔י כִּֽי־רָאִ֧יתִי בְּבָנָ֛יו לִ֖י מֶֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "And *wə-yōʾmer* *Yəhwāh* to *Šəmûʾēl*, \"until when you *mitʾabbēl* for *Šāʾûl*, and I have *māʾastî* him from *mimmə̆lōḵ* over *Yiśrāʾēl*? Fill your *qarnəḵā* *šemen* and *wə-lēḵ* I will *ʾešlāḥăḵā* you to *Yišay* *bêt-hallaḥmî*, for I have *rāʾîtî* among his sons for me *meleḵ*.\"", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Yəhwāh*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD/YHWH", "*Šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*mitʾabbēl*": "Hithpael participle, masculine singular - mourning/grieving", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*māʾastî*": "Qal perfect, 1st singular - I have rejected", "*mimmə̆lōḵ*": "preposition min + Qal infinitive construct - from reigning/being king", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*qarnəḵā*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your horn", "*šemen*": "noun, masculine singular - oil", "*wə-lēḵ*": "waw conjunction + Qal imperative, masculine singular - and go", "*ʾešlāḥăḵā*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will send you", "*Yišay*": "proper noun - Jesse", "*bêt-hallaḥmî*": "construct phrase - Bethlehemite (lit. 'house of the Bethlehemite')", "*rāʾîtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st singular - I have seen/provided", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king" }, "variants": { "*mitʾabbēl*": "mourning/grieving/lamenting", "*māʾastî*": "rejected/refused/despised", "*qarnəḵā*": "your horn/vessel/strength", "*šemen*": "oil/anointing oil/fat", "*rāʾîtî*": "seen/provided/selected" } }
• 1 Sam 16:13 : 13 { "verseID": "1_Samuel.16.13", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֨ח שְׁמוּאֵ֜ל אֶת־קֶ֣רֶן הַשֶּׁ֗מֶן וַיִּמְשַׁ֣ח אֹתוֹ֮ בְּקֶ֣רֶב אֶחָיו֒ וַתִּצְלַ֤ח רֽוּחַ־יְהוָה֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד מֵהַיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא וָמָ֑עְלָה וַיָּ֣קָם שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ הָרָמָֽתָה׃", "text": "And *wə-yiqqaḥ* *Šəmûʾēl* *qeren haššemen* and *wə-yimšaḥ* him in the *qereb* of his brothers. And *wə-tiṣlaḥ* *rûaḥ-Yəhwāh* to *Dāwid* from that *hayyôm* and upward. And *wə-yāqom* *Šəmûʾēl* and *wə-yēlek* to *hārāmātâ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yiqqaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*Šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*qeren haššemen*": "construct phrase - horn of the oil", "*wə-yimšaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he anointed", "*qereb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst", "*wə-tiṣlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it rushed/came mightily", "*rûaḥ-Yəhwāh*": "construct phrase - Spirit of YHWH", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the day", "*wə-yāqom*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he arose", "*wə-yēlek*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*hārāmātâ*": "definite article + proper noun, directional he - to Ramah" }, "variants": { "*qeren*": "horn/container/power", "*wə-tiṣlaḥ*": "rushed upon/came mightily/prospered upon", "*qereb*": "midst/among/inside" } }
• Judg 11:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Judges.11.1", "source": "וְיִפְתָּ֣ח הַגִּלְעָדִ֗י הָיָה֙ גִּבּ֣וֹר חַ֔יִל וְה֖וּא בֶּן־אִשָּׁ֣ה זוֹנָ֑ה וַיּ֥וֹלֶד גִּלְעָ֖ד אֶת־יִפְתָּֽח׃", "text": "And *Yiptach* the *Gil'ādi* was *gibbōr* *chayil* and he *bēn*-*'iššâ* *zōnâ* and *wayyōled* *Gil'ād* 'et-*Yiptach*", "grammar": { "*Yiptach*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jephthah", "*Gil'ādi*": "adjective, masculine singular - Gileadite", "*gibbōr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mighty man of", "*chayil*": "noun, masculine singular - valor/strength/might", "*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*'iššâ*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*zōnâ*": "noun, feminine singular - harlot/prostitute", "*wayyōled*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and begat/fathered", "*Gil'ād*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Gilead", "'et": "direct object marker" }, "variants": { "*gibbōr chayil*": "mighty man of valor/mighty warrior/man of strength", "*zōnâ*": "prostitute/harlot/immoral woman", "*wayyōled*": "begat/fathered/brought forth" } } 2 { "verseID": "Judges.11.2", "source": "וַתֵּ֧לֶד אֵֽשֶׁת־גִּלְעָ֛ד ל֖וֹ בָּנִ֑ים וַיִּגְדְּל֨וּ בְֽנֵי־הָאִשָּׁ֜ה וַיְגָרְשׁ֣וּ אֶת־יִפְתָּ֗ח וַיֹּ֤אמְרוּ לוֹ֙ לֹֽא־תִנְחַ֣ל בְּבֵית־אָבִ֔ינוּ כִּ֛י בֶּן־אִשָּׁ֥ה אַחֶ֖רֶת אָֽתָּה׃", "text": "And *wattēled* *'ēšet*-*Gil'ād* to-him *bānîm* and *wayyigdəlû* *bənê*-*hā'iššâ* and *wayəgārəšû* 'et-*Yiptach* and *wayyō'mərû* to-him not-*tinḥal* in-*bêt*-*'ābînû* because *bēn*-*'iššâ* *'aḥeret* you", "grammar": { "*wattēled*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive - and she bore", "*'ēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of", "*Gil'ād*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Gilead", "*bānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - sons", "*wayyigdəlû*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they grew up", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*hā'iššâ*": "article + noun, feminine singular - the woman", "*wayəgārəšû*": "verb, Piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they drove out/expelled", "*Yiptach*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jephthah", "*wayyō'mərû*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they said", "*tinḥal*": "verb, Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will inherit", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*'ābînû*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person plural suffix - our father", "*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*'iššâ*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*'aḥeret*": "adjective, feminine singular - other/different/another" }, "variants": { "*wayəgārəšû*": "drove out/expelled/cast out/banished", "*tinḥal*": "inherit/take possession/have a portion", "*'aḥeret*": "other/different/foreign/strange" } } 3 { "verseID": "Judges.11.3", "source": "וַיִּבְרַ֤ח יִפְתָּח֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י אֶחָ֔יו וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב בְּאֶ֣רֶץ ט֑וֹב וַיִּֽתְלַקְּט֤וּ אֶל־יִפְתָּח֙ אֲנָשִׁ֣ים רֵיקִ֔ים וַיֵּצְא֖וּ עִמּֽוֹ׃ פ", "text": "And *wayyibraḥ* *Yiptach* from-*pənê* *'eḥāyw* and *wayyēšeb* in-*'ereṣ* *Ṭôb* and *wayyitlaqqəṭû* to-*Yiptach* *'ănāšîm* *rêqîm* and *wayyēṣə'û* with-him", "grammar": { "*wayyibraḥ*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he fled", "*Yiptach*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jephthah", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of/presence of", "*'eḥāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brothers", "*wayyēšeb*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he dwelt/lived", "*'ereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Ṭôb*": "proper noun - Tob", "*wayyitlaqqəṭû*": "verb, Hitpael imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they gathered themselves", "*'ănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*rêqîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - empty/vain/worthless", "*wayyēṣə'û*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they went out" }, "variants": { "*wayyibraḥ*": "fled/ran away/escaped", "*pənê*": "face of/presence of/from before", "*wayyēšeb*": "dwelt/lived/settled", "*wayyitlaqqəṭû*": "gathered themselves/collected themselves/joined together", "*rêqîm*": "empty/vain/worthless/idle/lawless" } } 4 { "verseID": "Judges.11.4", "source": "וַיְהִ֖י מִיָּמִ֑ים וַיִּלָּחֲמ֥וּ בְנֵֽי־עַמּ֖וֹן עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* from-*yāmîm* and *wayyillāḥămû* *bənê*-*'Ammôn* with-*Yiśrā'ēl*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and it came to pass", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days", "*wayyillāḥămû*": "verb, Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they fought", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*'Ammôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ammon", "*Yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Israel" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî miyyāmîm*": "and it came to pass after a time/after some days/after a period", "*wayyillāḥămû*": "fought/made war/battled" } } 5 { "verseID": "Judges.11.5", "source": "וַיְהִ֕י כַּאֲשֶׁר־נִלְחֲמ֥וּ בְנֵֽי־עַמּ֖וֹן עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ זִקְנֵ֣י גִלְעָ֔ד לָקַ֥חַת אֶת־יִפְתָּ֖ח מֵאֶ֥רֶץ טֽוֹב׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* when-*nilḥămû* *bənê*-*'Ammôn* with-*Yiśrā'ēl* and *wayyēləḵû* *ziqnê* *Gil'ād* to-*lāqaḥat* 'et-*Yiptach* from-*'ereṣ* *Ṭôb*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and it came to pass", "*nilḥămû*": "verb, Niphal perfect 3rd masculine plural - they fought", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*'Ammôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ammon", "*Yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Israel", "*wayyēləḵû*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they went", "*ziqnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - elders of", "*Gil'ād*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Gilead", "*lāqaḥat*": "verb, Qal infinitive construct - to take/fetch", "*Yiptach*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jephthah", "*'ereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Ṭôb*": "proper noun - Tob" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it came to pass/and it happened", "*nilḥămû*": "fought/made war/battled", "*wayyēləḵû*": "went/walked/proceeded", "*lāqaḥat*": "to take/to fetch/to bring" } } 6 { "verseID": "Judges.11.6", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ לְיִפְתָּ֔ח לְכָ֕ה וְהָיִ֥יתָה לָּ֖נוּ לְקָצִ֑ין וְנִֽלָּחֲמָ֖ה בִּבְנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן׃", "text": "And *wayyō'mərû* to-*Yiptach* *ləḵâ* and *hāyîtâ* to-us to-*qāṣîn* and *nillāḥămâ* against-*bənê* *'Ammôn*", "grammar": { "*wayyō'mərû*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they said", "*Yiptach*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jephthah", "*ləḵâ*": "verb, Qal imperative masculine singular - come/go", "*hāyîtâ*": "verb, Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you will be", "*qāṣîn*": "noun, masculine singular - leader/commander/chief", "*nillāḥămâ*": "verb, Niphal imperfect 1st person plural cohortative - let us fight", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*'Ammôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ammon" }, "variants": { "*ləḵâ*": "come/go/proceed", "*qāṣîn*": "leader/commander/chief/ruler", "*nillāḥămâ*": "let us fight/let us make war/let us battle" } } 7 { "verseID": "Judges.11.7", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יִפְתָּח֙ לְזִקְנֵ֣י גִלְעָ֔ד הֲלֹ֤א אַתֶּם֙ שְׂנֵאתֶ֣ם אוֹתִ֔י וַתְּגָרְשׁ֖וּנִי מִבֵּ֣ית אָבִ֑י וּמַדּ֜וּעַ בָּאתֶ֤ם אֵלַי֙ עַ֔תָּה כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר צַ֥ר לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyō'mer* *Yiptach* to-*ziqnê* *Gil'ād* *hălō'* you *śənē'tem* me and *wattəgārəšûnî* from-*bêt* *'ābî* and-*maddûa'* *bā'tem* to-me *'attâ* when *ṣar* to-you", "grammar": { "*wayyō'mer*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he said", "*Yiptach*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jephthah", "*ziqnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - elders of", "*Gil'ād*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Gilead", "*hălō'*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - did not", "*śənē'tem*": "verb, Qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you hated", "*wattəgārəšûnî*": "verb, Piel imperfect 2nd masculine plural consecutive + 1st person singular suffix - and you drove me out", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*'ābî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my father", "*maddûa'*": "interrogative adverb - why", "*bā'tem*": "verb, Qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you have come", "*'attâ*": "adverb - now", "*ṣar*": "verb, Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it is distressing" }, "variants": { "*śənē'tem*": "hated/despised/rejected", "*wattəgārəšûnî*": "drove me out/expelled me/cast me out", "*ṣar*": "distress/trouble/adversity/calamity" } } 8 { "verseID": "Judges.11.8", "source": "וַיֹּאמְרוּ֩ זִקְנֵ֨י גִלְעָ֜ד אֶל־יִפְתָּ֗ח לָכֵן֙ עַתָּה֙ שַׁ֣בְנוּ אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְהָלַכְתָּ֣ עִמָּ֔נוּ וְנִלְחַמְתָּ֖ בִּבְנֵ֣י עַמּ֑וֹן וְהָיִ֤יתָ לָּ֙נוּ֙ לְרֹ֔אשׁ לְכֹ֖ל יֹשְׁבֵ֥י גִלְעָֽד׃", "text": "And *wayyō'mərû* *ziqnê* *Gil'ād* to-*Yiptach* *lāḵēn* *'attâ* *šaḇnû* to-you and *hālaḵtā* with-us and *niləḥamtā* against-*bənê* *'Ammôn* and *hāyîtā* to-us to-*rō'š* to-all *yōšəḇê* *Gil'ād*", "grammar": { "*wayyō'mərû*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they said", "*ziqnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - elders of", "*Gil'ād*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Gilead", "*Yiptach*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jephthah", "*lāḵēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*'attâ*": "adverb - now", "*šaḇnû*": "verb, Qal perfect 1st person plural - we have returned", "*hālaḵtā*": "verb, Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you will go", "*niləḥamtā*": "verb, Niphal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you will fight", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*'Ammôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ammon", "*hāyîtā*": "verb, Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you will be", "*rō'š*": "noun, masculine singular - head/chief", "*yōšəḇê*": "verb, Qal participle masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*Gil'ād*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Gilead" }, "variants": { "*lāḵēn*": "therefore/for this reason/accordingly", "*šaḇnû*": "we have returned/we have come back/we have turned", "*rō'š*": "head/chief/leader/commander" } } 9 { "verseID": "Judges.11.9", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יִפְתָּ֜ח אֶל־זִקְנֵ֣י גִלְעָ֗ד אִם־מְשִׁיבִ֨ים אַתֶּ֤ם אוֹתִי֙ לְהִלָּחֵם֙ בִּבְנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן וְנָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה אוֹתָ֖ם לְפָנָ֑י אָנֹכִ֕י אֶהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶ֖ם לְרֹֽאשׁ׃", "text": "And *wayyō'mer* *Yiptach* to-*ziqnê* *Gil'ād* if-*məšîḇîm* you me to-*hillāḥēm* against-*bənê* *'Ammôn* and *nātan* *YHWH* them before-me *'ānōḵî* *'ehyeh* to-you to-*rō'š*", "grammar": { "*wayyō'mer*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he said", "*Yiptach*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jephthah", "*ziqnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - elders of", "*Gil'ād*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Gilead", "*məšîḇîm*": "verb, Hiphil participle masculine plural - bringing back", "*hillāḥēm*": "verb, Niphal infinitive construct - to fight", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*'Ammôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ammon", "*nātan*": "verb, Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he gives/delivers", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*'ānōḵî*": "personal pronoun 1st person singular - I", "*'ehyeh*": "verb, Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will be", "*rō'š*": "noun, masculine singular - head/chief" }, "variants": { "*məšîḇîm*": "bringing back/returning/causing to return", "*nātan*": "gives/delivers/hands over", "*rō'š*": "head/chief/leader/commander" } } 10 { "verseID": "Judges.11.10", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֥וּ זִקְנֵֽי־גִלְעָ֖ד אֶל־יִפְתָּ֑ח יְהוָ֗ה יִהְיֶ֤ה שֹׁמֵ֙עַ֙ בֵּֽינוֹתֵ֔ינוּ אִם־לֹ֥א כִדְבָרְךָ֖ כֵּ֥ן נַעֲשֶֽׂה׃", "text": "And *wayyō'mərû* *ziqnê*-*Gil'ād* to-*Yiptach* *YHWH* *yihyeh* *šōmēa'* between-us if-not according-to-*dəḇārəḵā* so *na'ăśeh*", "grammar": { "*wayyō'mərû*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they said", "*ziqnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - elders of", "*Gil'ād*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Gilead", "*Yiptach*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jephthah", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*yihyeh*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will be", "*šōmēa'*": "verb, Qal participle masculine singular - hearing/listening/witness", "*dəḇārəḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your word", "*na'ăśeh*": "verb, Qal imperfect 1st person plural - we will do" }, "variants": { "*šōmēa'*": "hearing/listening/witness/one who hears", "*dəḇārəḵā*": "your word/your statement/your speech" } } 11 { "verseID": "Judges.11.11", "source": "וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ יִפְתָּח֙ עִם־זִקְנֵ֣י גִלְעָ֔ד וַיָּשִׂ֨ימוּ הָעָ֥ם אוֹת֛וֹ עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לְרֹ֣אשׁ וּלְקָצִ֑ין וַיְדַבֵּ֨ר יִפְתָּ֧ח אֶת־כָּל־דְּבָרָ֛יו לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה בַּמִּצְפָּֽה׃ פ", "text": "And *wayyēleḵ* *Yiptach* with-*ziqnê* *Gil'ād* and *wayyāśîmû* *hā'ām* him over-them to-*rō'š* and-to-*qāṣîn* and *wayədabbēr* *Yiptach* 'et-all-*dəḇārāyw* before *YHWH* in-*hammişpâ*", "grammar": { "*wayyēleḵ*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he went", "*Yiptach*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jephthah", "*ziqnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - elders of", "*Gil'ād*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Gilead", "*wayyāśîmû*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they placed/appointed", "*hā'ām*": "article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*rō'š*": "noun, masculine singular - head/chief", "*qāṣîn*": "noun, masculine singular - commander/leader", "*wayədabbēr*": "verb, Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he spoke", "*dəḇārāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his words", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*hammişpâ*": "article + proper noun - the Mizpah" }, "variants": { "*wayyāśîmû*": "placed/appointed/made/established", "*rō'š*": "head/chief/leader/commander", "*qāṣîn*": "commander/leader/chief/officer" } } 12 { "verseID": "Judges.11.12", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח יִפְתָּח֙ מַלְאָכִ֔ים אֶל־מֶ֥לֶךְ בְּנֵֽי־עַמּ֖וֹן לֵאמֹ֑ר מַה־לִּ֣י וָלָ֔ךְ כִּֽי־בָ֥אתָ אֵלַ֖י לְהִלָּחֵ֥ם בְּאַרְצִֽי׃", "text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *Yiptach* *mal'āḵîm* to-*meleḵ* *bənê*-*'Ammôn* *lē'mōr* what-to-me and-to-you that-*ḇā'tā* to-me to-*hillāḥēm* in-*'arşî*", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he sent", "*Yiptach*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jephthah", "*mal'āḵîm*": "noun, masculine plural - messengers", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*'Ammôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ammon", "*lē'mōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ḇā'tā*": "verb, Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have come", "*hillāḥēm*": "verb, Niphal infinitive construct - to fight", "*'arşî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my land" }, "variants": { "*mal'āḵîm*": "messengers/angels/envoys", "*lē'mōr*": "saying/to say" } }
• Judg 13:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Judges.13.1", "source": "וַיֹּסִ֙פוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּתְּנֵ֧ם יְהוָ֛ה בְּיַד־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים אַרְבָּעִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃ פ", "text": "And *wə-* *yōsîpû* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* to *laʿăśôt* the *hāraʿ* in *bəʿênê* *YHWH*, and *wə-* *yittənēm* *YHWH* into *bəyad* *pəlištîm* forty *šānâ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōsîpû*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person plural - and they added/continued", "*bənê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - sons/children of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition lamed + Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*hāraʿ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the evil", "*bəʿênê*": "preposition bet + construct noun, feminine dual - in eyes of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God", "*wə-yittənēm*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he gave them", "*bəyad*": "preposition bet + construct noun, feminine singular - into hand of", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*šānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - year" }, "variants": { "*yōsîpû*": "added/continued/did again/repeated", "*laʿăśôt hāraʿ*": "to do evil/wickedness/wrong", "*bəʿênê*": "in the eyes of/in the sight of/in the opinion of", "*yittənēm*": "gave them/delivered them/handed them over", "*bəyad*": "into hand of/into power of/under control of" } } 2 { "verseID": "Judges.13.2", "source": "וַיְהִי֩ אִ֨ישׁ אֶחָ֧ד מִצָּרְעָ֛ה מִמִּשְׁפַּ֥חַת הַדָּנִ֖י וּשְׁמ֣וֹ מָנ֑וֹחַ וְאִשְׁתּ֥וֹ עֲקָרָ֖ה וְלֹ֥א יָלָֽדָה׃", "text": "And *wə-* *yəhî* *ʾîš* *ʾeḥād* from *miṣṣārəʿâ* from *mimmišpaḥat* the *dānî* and *û-šəmô* *mānôaḥ*, and *wə-ʾištô* *ʿăqārâ* and *wə-lōʾ* *yālādâ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and there was", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*ʾeḥād*": "adjective, masculine singular - one/a certain", "*miṣṣārəʿâ*": "preposition min + proper noun - from Zorah", "*mimmišpaḥat*": "preposition min + construct noun, feminine singular - from family/clan of", "*dānî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective, masculine singular - the Danite", "*û-šəmô*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his name", "*mānôaḥ*": "proper noun - Manoah", "*wə-ʾištô*": "waw conjunction + noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his wife", "*ʿăqārâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - barren", "*wə-lōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yālādâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she had given birth" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš ʾeḥād*": "one man/a certain man", "*mimmišpaḥat*": "from family of/from clan of/from tribe of", "*ʿăqārâ*": "barren/infertile/childless", "*yālādâ*": "had given birth/had borne children" } } 3 { "verseID": "Judges.13.3", "source": "וַיֵּרָ֥א מַלְאַךְ־יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־הָאִשָּׁ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלֶ֗יהָ הִנֵּה־נָ֤א אַתְּ־עֲקָרָה֙ וְלֹ֣א יָלַ֔דְתְּ וְהָרִ֖ית וְיָלַ֥דְתְּ בֵּֽן׃", "text": "And *wə-* *yêrāʾ* *malʾak*-*YHWH* to *ʾel-hāʾiššâ* and *wə-* *yōʾmer* to *ʾēlêhā* *hinnēh-nāʾ* *ʾatt-ʿăqārâ* and *wə-lōʾ* *yāladt* and *wə-hārît* and *wə-yāladt* *bēn*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yêrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and appeared", "*malʾak-YHWH*": "construct chain, noun in construct + proper noun - angel/messenger of YHWH", "*ʾel-hāʾiššâ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the woman", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾēlêhā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to her", "*hinnēh-nāʾ*": "demonstrative particle + particle of entreaty - behold now", "*ʾatt-ʿăqārâ*": "2nd person feminine singular pronoun + adjective, feminine singular - you are barren", "*wə-lōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yāladt*": "Qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - you have given birth", "*wə-hārît*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you will conceive", "*wə-yāladt*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you will bear", "*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular - son" }, "variants": { "*malʾak*": "messenger/angel/representative", "*hinnēh-nāʾ*": "behold now/look/see", "*ʿăqārâ*": "barren/infertile/childless", "*hārît*": "will conceive/will become pregnant", "*yāladt*": "will bear/will give birth to" } } 4 { "verseID": "Judges.13.4", "source": "וְעַתָּה֙ הִשָּׁ֣מְרִי נָ֔א וְאַל־תִּשְׁתִּ֖י יַ֣יִן וְשֵׁכָ֑ר וְאַל־תֹּאכְלִ֖י כָּל־טָמֵֽא׃", "text": "And *wə-* *ʿattâ* *hiššāmərî* *nāʾ* and *wə-ʾal* *tištî* *yayin* *wə-šēkār* and *wə-ʾal* *tōʾklî* any *kāl-ṭāmēʾ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattâ*": "waw conjunction + adverb - and now", "*hiššāmərî*": "Niphal imperative, 2nd person feminine singular - be careful/guard yourself", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*wə-ʾal*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and do not", "*tištî*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - drink", "*yayin*": "noun, masculine singular - wine", "*wə-šēkār*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and strong drink", "*wə-ʾal*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and do not", "*tōʾklî*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - eat", "*kāl-ṭāmēʾ*": "noun, masculine singular + adjective, masculine singular - anything unclean" }, "variants": { "*hiššāmərî*": "be careful/guard yourself/take heed", "*yayin*": "wine/grape-based alcoholic beverage", "*šēkār*": "strong drink/intoxicating beverage (not grape-based)", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean/impure/ritually defiled" } } 5 { "verseID": "Judges.13.5", "source": "כִּי֩ הִנָּ֨ךְ הָרָ֜ה וְיֹלַ֣דְתְּ בֵּ֗ן וּמוֹרָה֙ לֹא־יַעֲלֶ֣ה עַל־רֹאשׁ֔וֹ כִּֽי־נְזִ֧יר אֱלֹהִ֛ים יִהְיֶ֥ה הַנַּ֖עַר מִן־הַבָּ֑טֶן וְה֗וּא יָחֵ֛ל לְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִיַּ֥ד פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃", "text": "For *kî* *hinnāk* *hārâ* and *wə-yōladt* *bēn*, and *û-môrâ* *lōʾ-yaʿăleh* on *ʿal-rōʾšô*, for *kî-nəzîr* *ʾĕlōhîm* *yihyeh* the *hannaʿar* from *min-habāṭen*, and *wə-hûʾ* *yāḥēl* to *ləhôšîaʿ* *ʾet-yiśrāʾēl* from *miyyad* *pəlištîm*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hinnāk*": "demonstrative particle + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - behold you", "*hārâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - pregnant", "*wə-yōladt*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you will bear", "*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular - son", "*û-môrâ*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and razor", "*lōʾ-yaʿăleh*": "negative particle + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - shall not come up", "*ʿal-rōʾšô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon his head", "*kî-nəzîr*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - for a Nazirite of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will be", "*hannaʿar*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the boy", "*min-habāṭen*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - from the womb", "*wə-hûʾ*": "waw conjunction + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - and he", "*yāḥēl*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will begin", "*ləhôšîaʿ*": "preposition lamed + Hiphil infinitive construct - to save", "*ʾet-yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Israel", "*miyyad*": "preposition min + construct noun, feminine singular - from hand of", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines" }, "variants": { "*hārâ*": "pregnant/with child", "*môrâ*": "razor/cutting instrument", "*nəzîr*": "Nazirite/one consecrated/one separated", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*min-habāṭen*": "from the womb/from birth", "*yāḥēl*": "will begin/will start", "*ləhôšîaʿ*": "to save/to deliver/to rescue", "*miyyad*": "from hand of/from power of" } } 6 { "verseID": "Judges.13.6", "source": "וַתָּבֹ֣א הָאִשָּׁ֗ה וַתֹּ֣אמֶר לְאִישָׁהּ֮ לֵאמֹר֒ אִ֤ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִים֙ בָּ֣א אֵלַ֔י וּמַרְאֵ֕הוּ כְּמַרְאֵ֛ה מַלְאַ֥ךְ הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים נוֹרָ֣א מְאֹ֑ד וְלֹ֤א שְׁאִלְתִּ֙יהוּ֙ אֵֽי־מִזֶּ֣ה ה֔וּא וְאֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ לֹֽא־הִגִּ֥יד לִֽי׃", "text": "And *wə-* *tābōʾ* the *hāʾiššâ* and *wə-* *tōʾmer* to *ləʾîšāh* *lēʾmōr*, *ʾîš* the *hāʾĕlōhîm* *bāʾ* to *ʾēlay*, and *û-marʾēhû* as *kəmarʾēh* *malʾak* the *hāʾĕlōhîm* *nôrāʾ* *məʾōd*, and *wə-lōʾ* *šəʾiltîhû* where *ʾê-mizzeh* *hûʾ*, and *wə-ʾet-šəmô* *lōʾ-higgîd* to *lî*.", "grammar": { "*wə-tābōʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and she came", "*hāʾiššâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the woman", "*wə-tōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and she said", "*ləʾîšāh*": "preposition lamed + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to her husband", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition lamed + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the God", "*bāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - came", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*û-marʾēhû*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his appearance", "*kəmarʾēh*": "preposition kaph + construct noun, masculine singular - like appearance of", "*malʾak*": "noun, masculine singular construct - messenger/angel of", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the God", "*nôrāʾ*": "Niphal participle, masculine singular - fearsome", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very", "*wə-lōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*šəʾiltîhû*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I asked him", "*ʾê-mizzeh*": "interrogative adverb + preposition min + demonstrative pronoun - from where", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*wə-ʾet-šəmô*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his name", "*lōʾ-higgîd*": "negative particle + Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he did not tell", "*lî*": "preposition lamed + 1st person singular suffix - to me" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš hāʾĕlōhîm*": "man of God/prophet/divine messenger", "*marʾēhû*": "his appearance/his look/how he appeared", "*malʾak hāʾĕlōhîm*": "angel of God/messenger of God/divine representative", "*nôrāʾ*": "fearsome/awesome/intimidating/awe-inspiring", "*šəʾiltîhû*": "I asked him/I inquired of him", "*higgîd*": "tell/reveal/make known" } } 7 { "verseID": "Judges.13.7", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לִ֔י הִנָּ֥ךְ הָרָ֖ה וְיֹלַ֣דְתְּ בֵּ֑ן וְעַתָּ֞ה אַל־תִּשְׁתִּ֣י ׀ יַ֣יִן וְשֵׁכָ֗ר וְאַל־תֹּֽאכְלִי֙ כָּל־טֻמְאָ֔ה כִּֽי־נְזִ֤יר אֱלֹהִים֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה הַנַּ֔עַר מִן־הַבֶּ֖טֶן עַד־י֥וֹם מוֹתֽוֹ׃ פ", "text": "And *wə-* *yōʾmer* to *lî* *hinnāk* *hārâ* and *wə-yōladt* *bēn*, and *wə-ʿattâ* do not *ʾal-tištî* *yayin* *wə-šēkār* and do not *wə-ʾal-tōʾklî* any *kāl-ṭumʾâ*, for *kî-nəzîr* *ʾĕlōhîm* *yihyeh* the *hannaʿar* from *min-habbeṭen* until *ʿad-yôm* *môtô*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*lî*": "preposition lamed + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*hinnāk*": "demonstrative particle + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - behold you", "*hārâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - pregnant", "*wə-yōladt*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and you will bear", "*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular - son", "*wə-ʿattâ*": "waw conjunction + adverb - and now", "*ʾal-tištî*": "negative particle + Qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - do not drink", "*yayin*": "noun, masculine singular - wine", "*wə-šēkār*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and strong drink", "*wə-ʾal-tōʾklî*": "waw conjunction + negative particle + Qal imperfect, 2nd person feminine singular - and do not eat", "*kāl-ṭumʾâ*": "noun, masculine singular + adjective, feminine singular - any unclean thing", "*kî-nəzîr*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - for a Nazirite of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will be", "*hannaʿar*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the boy", "*min-habbeṭen*": "preposition min + definite article + noun, masculine singular - from the womb", "*ʿad-yôm*": "preposition + construct noun, masculine singular - until day of", "*môtô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his death" }, "variants": { "*hārâ*": "pregnant/with child", "*yayin*": "wine/grape-based alcoholic beverage", "*šēkār*": "strong drink/intoxicating beverage", "*ṭumʾâ*": "unclean thing/impure thing/ritually defiled thing", "*nəzîr*": "Nazirite/one consecrated/one separated", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*min-habbeṭen*": "from the womb/from birth", "*ʿad-yôm môtô*": "until day of his death/until he dies" } } 8 { "verseID": "Judges.13.8", "source": "וַיֶּעְתַּ֥ר מָנ֛וֹחַ אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה וַיֹּאמַ֑ר בִּ֣י אֲדוֹנָ֔י אִ֣ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֞ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׁלַ֗חְתָּ יָבוֹא־נָ֥א עוֹד֙ אֵלֵ֔ינוּ וְיוֹרֵ֕נוּ מַֽה־נַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה לַנַּ֥עַר הַיּוּלָּֽד׃", "text": "And *wə-* *yeʿtar* *mānôaḥ* to *ʾel-YHWH* and *wə-* *yōʾmar*, I pray *bî* *ʾădōnāy*, *ʾîš* the *hāʾĕlōhîm* whom *ʾăšer* *šālaḥtā* may come *yābôʾ-nāʾ* again *ʿôd* to *ʾēlênû* and *wə-yôrēnû* what *mah-naʿăśeh* to the *lannaʿar* *hayyûllād*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yeʿtar*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he entreated/prayed", "*mānôaḥ*": "proper noun - Manoah", "*ʾel-YHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - to YHWH", "*wə-yōʾmar*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*bî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - in me/please", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the God", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - whom", "*šālaḥtā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you sent", "*yābôʾ-nāʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + particle of entreaty - let him come please", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/still", "*ʾēlênû*": "preposition + 1st person plural suffix - to us", "*wə-yôrēnû*": "waw conjunction + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 1st person plural suffix - and let him teach us", "*mah-naʿăśeh*": "interrogative + Qal imperfect, 1st person plural - what shall we do", "*lannaʿar*": "preposition lamed + definite article + noun, masculine singular - for the boy", "*hayyûllād*": "definite article + Pual participle, masculine singular - the one to be born" }, "variants": { "*yeʿtar*": "entreated/prayed earnestly/pleaded", "*bî*": "please/I pray/by me", "*ʾîš hāʾĕlōhîm*": "man of God/prophet/divine messenger", "*yābôʾ-nāʾ*": "let him come please/may he come", "*yôrēnû*": "teach us/instruct us/guide us", "*hayyûllād*": "who will be born/about to be born/to be born" } } 9 { "verseID": "Judges.13.9", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֥ע הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּק֣וֹל מָנ֑וֹחַ וַיָּבֹ֣א מַלְאַךְ֩ הָאֱלֹהִ֨ים ע֜וֹד אֶל־הָאִשָּׁ֗ה וְהִיא֙ יוֹשֶׁ֣בֶת בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה וּמָנ֥וֹחַ אִישָׁ֖הּ אֵ֥ין עִמָּֽהּ׃", "text": "And *wə-* *yišmaʿ* the *hāʾĕlōhîm* to *bəqôl* *mānôaḥ*, and *wə-* *yābōʾ* *malʾak* the *hāʾĕlōhîm* again *ʿôd* to *ʾel-hāʾiššâ* and *wə-hîʾ* *yôšebet* in the *baśśādeh*, and *û-mānôaḥ* *ʾîšāh* was not *ʾên* with *ʿimmāh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yišmaʿ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he heard/listened", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the God", "*bəqôl*": "preposition bet + construct noun, masculine singular - to voice of", "*mānôaḥ*": "proper noun - Manoah", "*wə-yābōʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he came", "*malʾak*": "noun, masculine singular construct - messenger/angel of", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the God", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/still", "*ʾel-hāʾiššâ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the woman", "*wə-hîʾ*": "waw conjunction + 3rd person feminine singular pronoun - and she", "*yôšebet*": "Qal participle, feminine singular - sitting/dwelling", "*baśśādeh*": "preposition bet + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the field", "*û-mānôaḥ*": "waw conjunction + proper noun - and Manoah", "*ʾîšāh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her husband", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - was not", "*ʿimmāh*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - with her" }, "variants": { "*yišmaʿ*": "heard/listened/heeded", "*bəqôl*": "to voice of/to request of/to prayer of", "*malʾak hāʾĕlōhîm*": "angel of God/messenger of God/divine representative", "*yôšebet*": "sitting/dwelling/staying", "*baśśādeh*": "in the field/in the open country" } } 10 { "verseID": "Judges.13.10", "source": "וַתְּמַהֵר֙ הָֽאִשָּׁ֔ה וַתָּ֖רָץ וַתַּגֵּ֣ד לְאִישָׁ֑הּ וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֔יו הִנֵּ֨ה נִרְאָ֤ה אֵלַי֙ הָאִ֔ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֥א בַיּ֖וֹם אֵלָֽי׃", "text": "And *wə-* *təmahēr* the *hāʾiššâ* and *wə-* *tārāṣ* and *wə-* *taggēd* to *ləʾîšāh*, and *wə-* *tōʾmer* to *ʾēlāyw* *hinnēh* *nirʾâ* to *ʾēlay* the *hāʾîš* who *ʾăšer-bāʾ* in the *bayyôm* to *ʾēlāy*.", "grammar": { "*wə-təmahēr*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and she hurried", "*hāʾiššâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the woman", "*wə-tārāṣ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and she ran", "*wə-taggēd*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and she told", "*ləʾîšāh*": "preposition lamed + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to her husband", "*wə-tōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and she said", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*nirʾâ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - appeared", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*hāʾîš*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man", "*ʾăšer-bāʾ*": "relative particle + Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - who came", "*bayyôm*": "preposition bet + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the day", "*ʾēlāy*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me" }, "variants": { "*təmahēr*": "hurried/made haste/quickly", "*tārāṣ*": "ran/rushed", "*taggēd*": "told/reported/informed", "*nirʾâ*": "appeared/was seen/showed himself" } } 11 { "verseID": "Judges.13.11", "source": "וַיָּ֛קָם וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ מָנ֖וֹחַ אַחֲרֵ֣י אִשְׁתּ֑וֹ וַיָּבֹא֙ אֶל־הָאִ֔ישׁ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ הַאַתָּ֥ה הָאִ֛ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֥רְתָּ אֶל־הָאִשָּׁ֖ה וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אָֽנִי׃", "text": "And *wə-* *yāqām* and *wə-* *yēlek* *mānôaḥ* after *ʾaḥărê* *ʾištô*, and *wə-* *yābōʾ* to *ʾel-hāʾîš* and *wə-* *yōʾmer* to *lô* Are *haʾattâ* the *hāʾîš* who *ʾăšer-dibbartā* to *ʾel-hāʾiššâ*? And *wə-* *yōʾmer* I *ʾānî*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yāqām*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he arose", "*wə-yēlek*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he went", "*mānôaḥ*": "proper noun - Manoah", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*ʾištô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wife", "*wə-yābōʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he came", "*ʾel-hāʾîš*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the man", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*lô*": "preposition lamed + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*haʾattâ*": "interrogative particle + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - are you", "*hāʾîš*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man", "*ʾăšer-dibbartā*": "relative particle + Piel perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - who spoke", "*ʾel-hāʾiššâ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the woman", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾānî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I" }, "variants": { "*yāqām*": "arose/stood up/got up", "*yēlek*": "went/walked/followed", "*yābōʾ*": "came/arrived/approached", "*dibbartā*": "spoke/talked/said" } } 12 { "verseID": "Judges.13.12", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מָנ֔וֹחַ עַתָּ֖ה יָבֹ֣א דְבָרֶ֑יךָ מַה־יִּֽהְיֶ֥ה מִשְׁפַּט־הַנַּ֖עַר וּמַעֲשֵֽׂהוּ׃", "text": "And *wə-* *yōʾmer* *mānôaḥ* Now *ʿattâ* may come *yābōʾ* *dəbāreykā*, what *mah-yihyeh* *mišpaṭ*-the *hannaʿar* and *û-maʿăśēhû*?", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*mānôaḥ*": "proper noun - Manoah", "*ʿattâ*": "adverb - now", "*yābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - may/will come", "*dəbāreykā*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your words", "*mah-yihyeh*": "interrogative + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - what shall be", "*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - rule/manner of", "*hannaʿar*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the boy", "*û-maʿăśēhû*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his work/action" }, "variants": { "*yābōʾ dəbāreykā*": "may your words come to pass/let your words happen", "*mišpaṭ*": "rule/manner/custom/ordinance", "*maʿăśēhû*": "his work/his action/his deed/how he should be treated" } } 13 { "verseID": "Judges.13.13", "source": "וַיֹּ֛אמֶר מַלְאַ֥ךְ יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מָנ֑וֹחַ מִכֹּ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־אָמַ֥רְתִּי אֶל־הָאִשָּׁ֖ה תִּשָּׁמֵֽר׃", "text": "And *wə-* *yōʾmer* *malʾak* *YHWH* to *ʾel-mānôaḥ*, From all *mikkōl* that *ʾăšer-ʾāmartî* to *ʾel-hāʾiššâ* *tiššāmēr*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*malʾak*": "noun, masculine singular construct - messenger/angel of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God", "*ʾel-mānôaḥ*": "preposition + proper noun - to Manoah", "*mikkōl*": "preposition min + noun, masculine singular - from all", "*ʾăšer-ʾāmartî*": "relative particle + Qal perfect, 1st person singular - that I said", "*ʾel-hāʾiššâ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the woman", "*tiššāmēr*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she shall guard herself" }, "variants": { "*malʾak YHWH*": "angel of YHWH/messenger of YHWH/representative of YHWH", "*tiššāmēr*": "she shall guard herself/let her be careful/she should observe" } } 14 { "verseID": "Judges.13.14", "source": "מִכֹּ֣ל אֲשֶׁר־יֵצֵא֩ מִגֶּ֨פֶן הַיַּ֜יִן לֹ֣א תֹאכַ֗ל וְיַ֤יִן וְשֵׁכָר֙ אַל־תֵּ֔שְׁתְּ וְכָל־טֻמְאָ֖ה אַל־תֹּאכַ֑ל כֹּ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוִּיתִ֖יהָ תִּשְׁמֹֽר׃", "text": "From all *mikkōl* that *ʾăšer-yēṣēʾ* from *miggepen* the *hayyayin* not *lōʾ* *tōʾkal*, and *wə-yayin* *wə-šēkār* do not *ʾal-tēšt* and all *wə-kāl* *ṭumʾâ* do not *ʾal-tōʾkal*; all *kōl* that *ʾăšer-ṣiwwîtîhā* *tišmōr*.", "grammar": { "*mikkōl*": "preposition min + noun, masculine singular - from all", "*ʾăšer-yēṣēʾ*": "relative particle + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - that comes out", "*miggepen*": "preposition min + construct noun, feminine singular - from vine of", "*hayyayin*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the wine", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tōʾkal*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she shall eat", "*wə-yayin*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and wine", "*wə-šēkār*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and strong drink", "*ʾal-tēšt*": "negative particle + Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person feminine singular - let her not drink", "*wə-kāl*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and all", "*ṭumʾâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - unclean thing", "*ʾal-tōʾkal*": "negative particle + Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person feminine singular - let her not eat", "*kōl*": "noun, masculine singular - all", "*ʾăšer-ṣiwwîtîhā*": "relative particle + Piel perfect, 1st person singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - that I commanded her", "*tišmōr*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she shall observe" }, "variants": { "*yēṣēʾ miggepen hayyayin*": "comes from the vine/is produced from the grapevine", "*yayin*": "wine/grape-based alcoholic beverage", "*šēkār*": "strong drink/intoxicating beverage", "*ṭumʾâ*": "unclean thing/impure thing/ritually defiled thing", "*tišmōr*": "observe/keep/follow" } } 15 { "verseID": "Judges.13.15", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר מָנ֖וֹחַ אֶל־מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֑ה נַעְצְרָה־נָּ֣א אוֹתָ֔ךְ וְנַעֲשֶׂ֥ה לְפָנֶ֖יךָ גְּדִ֥י עִזִּֽים׃", "text": "And *wə-* *yōʾmer* *mānôaḥ* to *ʾel-malʾak* *YHWH*, let us detain *naʿṣərâ-nnāʾ* *ʾôtāk*, and *wə-* let us prepare *naʿăśeh* before *ləpāneykā* *gədî* *ʿizzîm*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*mānôaḥ*": "proper noun - Manoah", "*ʾel-malʾak*": "preposition + construct noun, masculine singular - to messenger/angel of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God", "*naʿṣərâ-nnāʾ*": "Qal cohortative, 1st person plural + particle of entreaty - let us detain please", "*ʾôtāk*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - you", "*wə-naʿăśeh*": "waw conjunction + Qal cohortative, 1st person plural - and let us prepare", "*ləpāneykā*": "preposition lamed + noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before you", "*gədî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - kid of", "*ʿizzîm*": "noun, feminine plural - goats" }, "variants": { "*naʿṣərâ*": "detain/hold back/keep", "*naʿăśeh*": "prepare/make/do", "*gədî ʿizzîm*": "kid of goats/young goat" } } 16 { "verseID": "Judges.13.16", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר֩ מַלְאַ֨ךְ יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מָנ֗וֹחַ אִם־תַּעְצְרֵ֙נִי֙ לֹא־אֹכַ֣ל בְּלַחְמֶ֔ךָ וְאִם־תַּעֲשֶׂ֣ה עֹלָ֔ה לַיהוָ֖ה תַּעֲלֶ֑נָּה כִּ֚י לֹא־יָדַ֣ע מָנ֔וֹחַ כִּֽי־מַלְאַ֥ךְ יְהוָ֖ה הֽוּא׃", "text": "And *wə-* *yōʾmer* *malʾak* *YHWH* to *ʾel-mānôaḥ*, If *ʾim-taʿṣərēnî* not *lōʾ-ʾōkal* of *bəlaḥmekā*, and if *wə-ʾim-taʿăśeh* *ʿōlâ*, to *laYHWH* *taʿălenâ*. For *kî* not *lōʾ-yādaʿ* *mānôaḥ* that *kî-malʾak* *YHWH* *hûʾ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*malʾak*": "noun, masculine singular construct - messenger/angel of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God", "*ʾel-mānôaḥ*": "preposition + proper noun - to Manoah", "*ʾim-taʿṣərēnî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - if you detain me", "*lōʾ-ʾōkal*": "negative particle + Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will not eat", "*bəlaḥmekā*": "preposition bet + noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - of your bread/food", "*wə-ʾim-taʿăśeh*": "waw conjunction + conjunction + Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and if you prepare", "*ʿōlâ*": "noun, feminine singular - burnt offering", "*laYHWH*": "preposition lamed + proper noun - to YHWH", "*taʿălenâ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - offer it up", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lōʾ-yādaʿ*": "negative particle + Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - did not know", "*mānôaḥ*": "proper noun - Manoah", "*kî-malʾak*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - that messenger/angel of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he" }, "variants": { "*taʿṣərēnî*": "detain me/hold me back/keep me", "*ʾōkal bəlaḥmekā*": "eat of your food/partake of your meal", "*ʿōlâ*": "burnt offering/whole offering/sacrifice", "*taʿălenâ*": "offer it up/cause it to ascend", "*yādaʿ*": "knew/recognized/was aware" } }
• 1 Sam 3:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.1", "source": "וְהַנַּ֧עַר שְׁמוּאֵ֛ל מְשָׁרֵ֥ת אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה לִפְנֵ֣י עֵלִ֑י וּדְבַר־יְהוָ֗ה הָיָ֤ה יָקָר֙ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔ם אֵ֥ין חָז֖וֹן נִפְרָֽץ׃", "text": "And the *naʿar* *Šĕmûʾēl* *mĕšārēt* *ʾet*-*YHWH* before *ʿĒlî*; and *dĕbar*-*YHWH* *hāyâ* *yāqār* in the *yāmîm* those, not *ḥāzôn* *niprāṣ*.", "grammar": { "*naʿar*": "noun, masculine singular construct with definite article (ha-) - youth/boy", "*Šĕmûʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Samuel", "*mĕšārēt*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - serving/ministering", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - the LORD", "*ʿĒlî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Eli", "*dĕbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was/became", "*yāqār*": "adjective, masculine singular - precious/rare", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days", "*ḥāzôn*": "noun, masculine singular - vision", "*niprāṣ*": "Niphal participle, masculine singular - spread abroad/plentiful/frequent" }, "variants": { "*naʿar*": "youth/boy/servant/attendant", "*mĕšārēt*": "ministering/serving", "*dĕbar*": "word/speech/matter/thing", "*yāqār*": "precious/rare/scarce/valuable", "*niprāṣ*": "widespread/broken through/abundant/frequent" } } 2 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.2", "source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא וְעֵלִ֖י שֹׁכֵ֣ב בִּמְקֹמ֑וֹ וְעֵינָיו֙ הֵחֵ֣לּוּ כֵה֔וֹת לֹ֥א יוּכַ֖ל לִרְאֽוֹת׃", "text": "And *wayĕhî* in the *yôm* that, and *ʿĒlî* *šōkēb* in *bimqōmô*; and *ʿênāyw* *hēḥēllû* *kēhôt*, not *yûkal* to *lirʾôt*.", "grammar": { "*wayĕhî*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and it came to pass/happened", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*ʿĒlî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Eli", "*šōkēb*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - lying down", "*bimqōmô*": "preposition (bi-) + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his place", "*ʿênāyw*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*hēḥēllû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - had begun/started", "*kēhôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - to grow dim/faint", "*yûkal*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was able", "*lirʾôt*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition (li-) - to see" }, "variants": { "*šōkēb*": "lying down/sleeping/resting", "*hēḥēllû*": "had begun/started/commenced", "*kēhôt*": "growing dim/failing/becoming weak", "*yûkal*": "was able/could/had capacity" } } 3 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.3", "source": "וְנֵ֤ר אֱלֹהִים֙ טֶ֣רֶם יִכְבֶּ֔ה וּשְׁמוּאֵ֖ל שֹׁכֵ֑ב בְּהֵיכַ֣ל יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־שָׁ֖ם אֲר֥וֹן אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "And *nēr* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ṭerem* *yikbeh*, and *Šĕmûʾēl* *šōkēb* in *hêkal* *YHWH*, which-there *ʾărôn* *ʾĕlōhîm*.", "grammar": { "*nēr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - lamp of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods", "*ṭerem*": "adverb - not yet/before", "*yikbeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - would go out/be extinguished", "*Šĕmûʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Samuel", "*šōkēb*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - lying down", "*hêkal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - temple/palace of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - the LORD", "*ʾărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - ark of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods" }, "variants": { "*nēr*": "lamp/light", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*ṭerem*": "not yet/before/prior to", "*yikbeh*": "would go out/be extinguished/quenched", "*šōkēb*": "lying down/sleeping/resting", "*hêkal*": "temple/palace/sanctuary", "*ʾărôn*": "ark/chest/container" } } 4 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.4", "source": "וַיִּקְרָ֧א יְהוָ֛ה אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵ֖ל וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הִנֵּֽנִי׃", "text": "And *wayyiqrāʾ* *YHWH* to-*Šĕmûʾēl* and *wayyōʾmer* *hinnēnî*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he called", "*YHWH*": "divine name - the LORD", "*Šĕmûʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Samuel", "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*hinnēnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - here I am/behold me" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "called/summoned/named", "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke/answered", "*hinnēnî*": "here I am/behold me/at your service" } } 5 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.5", "source": "וַיָּ֣רָץ אֶל־עֵלִ֗י וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הִנְנִי֙ כִּֽי־קָרָ֣אתָ לִּ֔י וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לֹֽא־קָרָ֖אתִי שׁ֣וּב שְׁכָ֑ב וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁכָּֽב׃", "text": "And *wayyāroṣ* to-*ʿĒlî* and *wayyōʾmer* *hinnî* for-*qārāʾtā* to me, and *wayyōʾmer* not-*qārāʾtî* *šûb* *šĕkāb*; and *wayyēlek* and *wayyiškāb*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāroṣ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he ran", "*ʿĒlî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Eli", "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*hinnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - here I am", "*qārāʾtā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you called", "*qārāʾtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I called", "*šûb*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - return/go back", "*šĕkāb*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - lie down", "*wayyēlek*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he went", "*wayyiškāb*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he lay down" }, "variants": { "*wayyāroṣ*": "ran/hurried/hastened", "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke/answered", "*hinnî*": "here I am/behold me/at your service", "*qārāʾtā*": "called/summoned/invited", "*šûb*": "return/go back/again", "*šĕkāb*": "lie down/sleep/rest", "*wayyēlek*": "went/walked/departed", "*wayyiškāb*": "lay down/slept/rested" } } 6 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֣סֶף יְהוָ֗ה קְרֹ֣א עוֹד֮ שְׁמוּאֵל֒ וַיָּ֤קָם שְׁמוּאֵל֙ וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ אֶל־עֵלִ֔י וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הִנְנִ֔י כִּ֥י קָרָ֖אתָ לִ֑י וַיֹּ֛אמֶר לֹֽא־קָרָ֥אתִי בְנִ֖י שׁ֥וּב שְׁכָֽב׃", "text": "And *wayyōsef* *YHWH* *qĕrōʾ* again *Šĕmûʾēl*; and *wayyāqom* *Šĕmûʾēl* and *wayyēlek* to-*ʿĒlî* and *wayyōʾmer* *hinnî* for *qārāʾtā* to me; and *wayyōʾmer* not-*qārāʾtî* *bĕnî* *šûb* *šĕkāb*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōsef*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he continued/added", "*YHWH*": "divine name - the LORD", "*qĕrōʾ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to call", "*Šĕmûʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Samuel", "*wayyāqom*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he arose", "*wayyēlek*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he went", "*ʿĒlî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Eli", "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*hinnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - here I am", "*qārāʾtā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you called", "*qārāʾtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I called", "*bĕnî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my son", "*šûb*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - return/go back", "*šĕkāb*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - lie down" }, "variants": { "*wayyōsef*": "continued/added/did again", "*qĕrōʾ*": "to call/summon/name", "*wayyāqom*": "arose/stood up/got up", "*wayyēlek*": "went/walked/departed", "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke/answered", "*hinnî*": "here I am/behold me/at your service", "*qārāʾtā*": "called/summoned/invited", "*bĕnî*": "my son/child/boy", "*šûb*": "return/go back/again", "*šĕkāb*": "lie down/sleep/rest" } } 7 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.7", "source": "וּשְׁמוּאֵ֕ל טֶ֖רֶם יָדַ֣ע אֶת־יְהוָ֑ה וְטֶ֛רֶם יִגָּלֶ֥ה אֵלָ֖יו דְּבַר־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *Šĕmûʾēl* *ṭerem* *yādaʿ* *ʾet*-*YHWH*; and *ṭerem* *yiggāleh* to him *dĕbar*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*Šĕmûʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Samuel", "*ṭerem*": "adverb - not yet/before", "*yādaʿ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - knew", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - the LORD", "*yiggāleh*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was revealed", "*dĕbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of" }, "variants": { "*ṭerem*": "not yet/before/prior to", "*yādaʿ*": "knew/experienced/was acquainted with", "*yiggāleh*": "was revealed/disclosed/made known", "*dĕbar*": "word/speech/message/command" } } 8 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.8", "source": "וַיֹּ֨סֶף יְהוָ֥ה קְרֹא־שְׁמוּאֵל֮ בַּשְּׁלִשִׁית֒ וַיָּ֙קָם֙ וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ אֶל־עֵלִ֔י וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הִנְנִ֔י כִּ֥י קָרָ֖אתָ לִ֑י וַיָּ֣בֶן עֵלִ֔י כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה קֹרֵ֥א לַנָּֽעַר׃", "text": "And *wayyōsef* *YHWH* *qĕrōʾ*-*Šĕmûʾēl* in the *šĕlišît*; and *wayyāqom* and *wayyēlek* to-*ʿĒlî* and *wayyōʾmer* *hinnî* for *qārāʾtā* to me; and *wayyāben* *ʿĒlî* that *YHWH* *qōrēʾ* to the *naʿar*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōsef*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he continued/added", "*YHWH*": "divine name - the LORD", "*qĕrōʾ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to call", "*Šĕmûʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Samuel", "*šĕlišît*": "ordinal number, feminine singular with definite article - the third time", "*wayyāqom*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he arose", "*wayyēlek*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he went", "*ʿĒlî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Eli", "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*hinnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - here I am", "*qārāʾtā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you called", "*wayyāben*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he understood", "*qōrēʾ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - calling", "*naʿar*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the boy/youth" }, "variants": { "*wayyōsef*": "continued/added/did again", "*qĕrōʾ*": "to call/summon/name", "*šĕlišît*": "third time/third/third occurrence", "*wayyāqom*": "arose/stood up/got up", "*wayyēlek*": "went/walked/departed", "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke/answered", "*hinnî*": "here I am/behold me/at your service", "*qārāʾtā*": "called/summoned/invited", "*wayyāben*": "understood/perceived/discerned", "*qōrēʾ*": "calling/summoning/naming", "*naʿar*": "boy/youth/servant/attendant" } } 9 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.9", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר עֵלִ֣י לִשְׁמוּאֵל֮ לֵ֣ךְ ׀ שְׁכָב֒ וְהָיָה֙ אִם־יִקְרָ֣א אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֙ דַּבֵּ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֥י שֹׁמֵ֖עַ עַבְדֶּ֑ךָ וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וַיִּשְׁכַּ֖ב בִּמְקוֹמֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *ʿĒlî* to *Šĕmûʾēl* *lēk* *šĕkāb*, and *wĕhāyâ* if-*yiqrāʾ* to you, and *wĕʾāmartā* *dabbēr* *YHWH* for *šōmēaʿ* *ʿabdekā*; and *wayyēlek* *Šĕmûʾēl* and *wayyiškab* in *bimqômô*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*ʿĒlî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Eli", "*Šĕmûʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Samuel", "*lēk*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - go", "*šĕkāb*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - lie down", "*wĕhāyâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and it will be", "*yiqrāʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he calls", "*wĕʾāmartā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and you shall say", "*dabbēr*": "Piel imperative, masculine singular - speak", "*YHWH*": "divine name - the LORD", "*šōmēaʿ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - hearing/listening", "*ʿabdekā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your servant", "*wayyēlek*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he went", "*wayyiškab*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he lay down", "*bimqômô*": "preposition (bi-) + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his place" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke/commanded", "*lēk*": "go/proceed/walk", "*šĕkāb*": "lie down/sleep/rest", "*wĕhāyâ*": "and it will be/happen/come to pass", "*yiqrāʾ*": "calls/summons/names", "*wĕʾāmartā*": "and you shall say/speak/tell", "*dabbēr*": "speak/talk/declare", "*šōmēaʿ*": "hearing/listening/obeying", "*ʿabdekā*": "your servant/slave/attendant", "*wayyēlek*": "went/departed/proceeded", "*wayyiškab*": "lay down/slept/rested", "*bimqômô*": "in his place/position/location" } } 10 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.10", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֤א יְהוָה֙ וַיִּתְיַצַּ֔ב וַיִּקְרָ֥א כְפַֽעַם־בְּפַ֖עַם שְׁמוּאֵ֣ל ׀ שְׁמוּאֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֤אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵל֙ דַּבֵּ֔ר כִּ֥י שֹׁמֵ֖עַ עַבְדֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "And *wayyābōʾ* *YHWH* and *wayyityaṣṣēb* and *wayyiqrāʾ* as *kĕpaʿam*-in *paʿam* *Šĕmûʾēl* *Šĕmûʾēl*; and *wayyōʾmer* *Šĕmûʾēl* *dabbēr* for *šōmēaʿ* *ʿabdekā*.", "grammar": { "*wayyābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he came", "*YHWH*": "divine name - the LORD", "*wayyityaṣṣēb*": "Hithpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he stood/positioned himself", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he called", "*kĕpaʿam*": "preposition (kĕ-) + noun, feminine singular - as at time", "*paʿam*": "noun, feminine singular - time/occurrence", "*Šĕmûʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Samuel (repeated for emphasis)", "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*dabbēr*": "Piel imperative, masculine singular - speak", "*šōmēaʿ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - hearing/listening", "*ʿabdekā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your servant" }, "variants": { "*wayyābōʾ*": "came/entered/arrived", "*wayyityaṣṣēb*": "stood/positioned himself/presented himself/took his place", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "called/summoned/cried out", "*kĕpaʿam-paʿam*": "as at previous times/as before/as previously", "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke/answered", "*dabbēr*": "speak/talk/declare", "*šōmēaʿ*": "hearing/listening/obeying", "*ʿabdekā*": "your servant/slave/attendant" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.11", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל הִנֵּ֧ה אָנֹכִ֛י עֹשֶׂ֥ה דָבָ֖ר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֲשֶׁר֙ כָּל־שֹׁ֣מְע֔וֹ תְּצִלֶּ֖ינָה שְׁתֵּ֥י אָזְנָֽיו׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-*Šĕmûʾēl*, *hinnēh* *ʾānōkî* *ʿōśeh* *dābār* in *Yiśrāʾēl* which all-*šōmĕʿô* *tĕṣilleynâ* two *ʾoznāyw*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*YHWH*": "divine name - the LORD", "*Šĕmûʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Samuel", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look/see", "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*ʿōśeh*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - doing/making", "*dābār*": "noun, masculine singular - thing/word/matter", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*šōmĕʿô*": "Qal participle, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - hearing it", "*tĕṣilleynâ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they will tingle", "*ʾoznāyw*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his ears" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke/declared", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*ʾānōkî*": "I/myself", "*ʿōśeh*": "doing/making/performing/bringing about", "*dābār*": "thing/word/matter/deed", "*šōmĕʿô*": "hearing it/listening to it", "*tĕṣilleynâ*": "will tingle/vibrate/quiver/resound" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.3.12", "source": "בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ אָקִ֣ים אֶל־עֵלִ֔י אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֖רְתִּי אֶל־בֵּית֑וֹ הָחֵ֖ל וְכַלֵּֽה׃", "text": "In the *yôm* that *ʾāqîm* to-*ʿĒlî* *ʾēt* all-which *dibbartî* to-*bêtô* *hāḥēl* and *kallēh*.", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day", "*ʾāqîm*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will establish/fulfill", "*ʿĒlî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Eli", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*dibbartî*": "Piel perfect, 1st person singular - I have spoken", "*bêtô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his house", "*hāḥēl*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - beginning", "*kallēh*": "Piel infinitive absolute - completing/ending" }, "variants": { "*yôm*": "day/time", "*ʾāqîm*": "will establish/fulfill/perform/accomplish", "*dibbartî*": "have spoken/declared/said", "*bêtô*": "his house/household/family", "*hāḥēl*": "beginning/starting", "*kallēh*": "completing/ending/finishing" } }
• Acts 2:29-31 : 29 { "verseID": "Acts.2.29", "source": "Ἄνδρες ἀδελφοί, ἐξὸν εἰπεῖν μετὰ παρρησίας πρὸς ὑμᾶς περὶ τοῦ πατριάρχου Δαυίδ, ὅτι καὶ ἐτελεύτησεν καὶ ἐτάφη, καὶ τὸ μνῆμα αὐτοῦ ἔστιν ἐν ἡμῖν ἄχρι τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης.", "text": "*Andres adelphoi*, *exon eipein* with *parrēsias* to you about the *patriarchou David*, that both *eteleutēsen* and *etaphē*, and the *mnēma* of him *estin* among us until the *hēmeras tautēs*.", "grammar": { "*Andres*": "nominative, masculine, plural - men", "*adelphoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - brothers", "*exon*": "neuter participle used impersonally - being permitted/lawful", "*eipein*": "aorist active infinitive - to speak/say", "*parrēsias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of boldness/frankness", "*patriarchou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of patriarch", "*David*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of David", "*eteleutēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he died", "*etaphē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - he was buried", "*mnēma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - tomb/memorial", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*hēmeras*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of day", "*tautēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - this" }, "variants": { "*adelphoi*": "brothers/fellow believers/countrymen", "*exon*": "being permitted/lawful/allowed", "*eipein*": "to speak/say/tell", "*parrēsias*": "boldness/frankness/confidence/openness", "*patriarchou*": "patriarch/forefather", "*eteleutēsen*": "died/ended life", "*etaphē*": "was buried/entombed", "*mnēma*": "tomb/grave/memorial" } } 30 { "verseID": "Acts.2.30", "source": "Προφήτης οὖν ὑπάρχων, καὶ εἰδὼς ὅτι ὅρκῳ ὤμοσεν αὐτῷ ὁ Θεός, ἐκ καρποῦ τῆς ὀσφύος αὐτοῦ, τὸ κατὰ σάρκα, ἀναστήσειν τὸν Χριστόν, καθίσαι ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου αὐτοῦ·", "text": "*Prophētēs oun huparchōn*, and *eidōs* that *horkō ōmosen* to him the *Theos*, from *karpou* of the *osphuos* of him, according to *sarka*, *anastēsein* the *Christon*, to sit upon the *thronou* of him;", "grammar": { "*Prophētēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - prophet", "*oun*": "conjunction - therefore/then", "*huparchōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being/existing", "*eidōs*": "perfect active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - knowing", "*horkō*": "dative, masculine, singular - with an oath", "*ōmosen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he swore", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*karpou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of fruit/offspring", "*osphuos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of loins/body", "*sarka*": "accusative, feminine, singular - flesh", "*anastēsein*": "future active infinitive - to raise up", "*Christon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Christ/Messiah", "*thronou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of throne" }, "variants": { "*huparchōn*": "being/existing/serving as", "*eidōs*": "knowing/understanding/being aware", "*horkō*": "oath/sworn promise", "*ōmosen*": "swore/took an oath", "*karpou*": "fruit/offspring/descendant", "*osphuos*": "loins/waist/reproductive power", "*sarka*": "flesh/human descent/physical nature", "*anastēsein*": "to raise up/establish/resurrect", "*Christon*": "Christ/Messiah/Anointed One", "*thronou*": "throne/seat of power/royal dignity" } } 31 { "verseID": "Acts.2.31", "source": "Προϊδὼν ἐλάλησεν περὶ τῆς ἀναστάσεως τοῦ Χριστοῦ, ὅτι οὐ κατελείφθη ἡ ψυχὴ αὐτοῦ εἰς ᾅδου, οὐδὲ ἡ σὰρξ αὐτοῦ εἶδεν διαφθοράν.", "text": "*Proidōn elalēsen* about the *anastaseōs* of the *Christou*, that not *kateleiphthē* the *psuchē* of him into *hādou*, neither the *sarx* of him *eiden diaphthoran*.", "grammar": { "*Proidōn*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having foreseen", "*elalēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he spoke", "*anastaseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of resurrection", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Christ", "*kateleiphthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was left behind/abandoned", "*psuchē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - soul/life", "*hādou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Hades", "*sarx*": "nominative, feminine, singular - flesh", "*eiden*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - saw/experienced", "*diaphthoran*": "accusative, feminine, singular - corruption/decay" }, "variants": { "*Proidōn*": "foreseeing/seeing in advance", "*elalēsen*": "spoke/said/declared", "*anastaseōs*": "resurrection/rising up", "*Christou*": "Christ/Messiah/Anointed One", "*kateleiphthē*": "was abandoned/left behind/forsaken", "*psuchē*": "soul/life/self", "*hādou*": "Hades/realm of the dead/grave", "*sarx*": "flesh/body/physical existence", "*eiden*": "saw/experienced/perceived", "*diaphthoran*": "corruption/decay/decomposition" } }
• Acts 3:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Acts.3.24", "source": "Καὶ, πάντες δὲ οἱ προφῆται ἀπὸ Σαμουὴλ καὶ τῶν καθεξῆς, ὅσοι ἐλάλησαν, καὶ προκατήγγειλαν τὰς ἡμέρας ταύτας.", "text": "And, all *de* the *prophētai* from *Samouēl* and those *kathexēs*, as many as *elalēsan*, and *prokatēngeilan* the *hēmeras* these.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/also", "*prophētai*": "nominative masculine plural - prophets", "*Samouēl*": "genitive masculine singular - Samuel", "*kathexēs*": "adverb - afterward/following", "*elalēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - spoke", "*prokatēngeilan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - foretold/announced beforehand", "*hēmeras*": "accusative feminine plural - days" }, "variants": { "*kathexēs*": "afterward/following/in succession", "*prokatēngeilan*": "foretold/announced beforehand/predicted" } }
• Acts 10:43 : 43 { "verseID": "Acts.10.43", "source": "Τούτῳ πάντες οἱ προφῆται μαρτυροῦσιν, ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν λαβεῖν διὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ πάντα τὸν πιστεύοντα εἰς αὐτόν.", "text": "To-this-one all the *prophētai martyrousin*, *aphesin hamartiōn labein* through the *onomatos* of-him all the *pisteuonta* into him.", "grammar": { "*prophētai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - prophets", "*martyrousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they testify/bear witness", "*aphesin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - forgiveness/remission", "*hamartiōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - of sins", "*labein*": "aorist active infinitive - to receive/take", "*onomatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of name", "*pisteuonta*": "present active participle, accusative, masculine, singular - believing one" }, "variants": { "*prophētai*": "prophets/those who foretell", "*martyrousin*": "testify/bear witness/affirm", "*aphesin*": "forgiveness/remission/pardon/release", "*hamartiōn*": "sins/offenses/misdeeds", "*labein*": "to receive/take/obtain/get", "*onomatos*": "name/title/person", "*pisteuonta*": "believing/trusting/having faith in" } }
• Acts 13:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Acts.13.20", "source": "Καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ὡς ἔτεσι τετρακοσίοις καὶ πεντήκοντα, ἔδωκεν κριτὰς ἕως Σαμουὴλ τοῦ προφήτου.", "text": "And after *tauta* about *etesi* four-hundred and fifty, *edōken* *kritas* until *Samouēl* the *prophētou*.", "grammar": { "*tauta*": "demonstrative pronoun, accusative, neuter, plural - these things", "*etesi*": "dative, neuter, plural - years [time within which]", "*edōken*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he gave", "*kritas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - judges", "*Samouēl*": "genitive, masculine, singular - proper name", "*prophētou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - prophet" }, "variants": { "*tauta*": "these things/these events", "*edōken*": "gave/granted/appointed", "*kritas*": "judges/arbiters" } }
• Rom 4:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Romans.4.1", "source": "¶Τί οὖν ἐροῦμεν Ἀβραὰμ τὸν πατέρα ἡμῶν, εὑρηκέναι κατὰ σάρκα;", "text": "What *oun* shall we *eroumen* *Abraam* the *patera* of us, to have *heurēkenai* according to *sarka*?", "grammar": { "*Τί*": "interrogative pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular - what", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*eroumen*": "future active indicative, 1st person plural - we will say", "*Abraam*": "proper noun, accusative - Abraham", "*patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - father", "*heurēkenai*": "perfect active infinitive - to have found/discovered", "*kata*": "preposition with accusative - according to/with respect to", "*sarka*": "accusative, feminine, singular - flesh" }, "variants": { "*oun*": "therefore/then/consequently", "*heurēkenai*": "to have found/discovered/obtained", "*sarka*": "flesh/human nature/physical descent" } }
• Rom 7:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Romans.7.7", "source": "Τί οὖν ἐροῦμεν; ὁ νόμος ἁμαρτία; Μὴ γένοιτο. Ἀλλὰ, τὴν ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ ἔγνων, εἰ μὴ διὰ νόμου: τήν τε γὰρ ἐπιθυμίαν οὐκ ᾔδειν, εἰ μὴ ὁ νόμος ἔλεγεν, Οὐκ ἐπιθυμήσεις.", "text": "What then shall we *eroumen*? The *nomos* is *hamartia*? *Mē genoito*. But, the *hamartian* I did not *egnōn*, except through *nomou*: for the *epithymian* I had not *ēdein*, except the *nomos* was saying, You shall not *epithymēseis*.", "grammar": { "*Ti oun*": "interrogative pronoun + conjunction - what then", "*eroumen*": "future indicative active, 1st person plural - we will say", "*ho nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - the law", "*hamartia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - sin", "*Mē genoito*": "aorist optative middle, 3rd person singular + negative - may it not be/let it not be", "*tēn hamartian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the sin", "*ouk egnōn*": "aorist indicative active, 1st person singular + negative - I did not know", "*ei mē*": "conditional expression - except/if not", "*dia nomou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - through law", "*tēn te gar epithymian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - for the lust/desire", "*ouk ēdein*": "pluperfect indicative active, 1st person singular + negative - I had not known", "*ho nomos elegen*": "imperfect indicative active, 3rd person singular - the law was saying", "*Ouk epithymēseis*": "future indicative active, 2nd person singular + negative - You shall not covet/desire" }, "variants": { "*nomos*": "law/Torah/legal code", "*hamartia*": "sin/moral failure/offense", "*Mē genoito*": "may it never be/certainly not/God forbid", "*egnōn*": "knew/recognized/understood", "*epithymian*": "desire/lust/craving/coveting", "*ēdein*": "had known/understood/been aware of", "*epithymēseis*": "you shall covet/desire/crave wrongfully" } }
• 1 Pet 1:10-12 : 10 { "verseID": "1 Peter.1.10", "source": "Περὶ ἧς σωτηρίας ἐξεζήτησαν καὶ ἐξηρεύνησαν προφῆται, οἱ περὶ τῆς εἰς ὑμᾶς χάριτος προφητεύσαντες:", "text": "Concerning which *sōtērias* *exezētēsan* and *exēreunēsan* *prophētai*, the ones concerning the unto you *charitos* having *prophēteusantes*:", "grammar": { "*sōtērias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - reference", "*exezētēsan*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, plural - completed action", "*exēreunēsan*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, plural - completed action", "*prophētai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - subject", "*charitos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - reference/content", "*prophēteusantes*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - attributive" }, "variants": { "*sōtērias*": "salvation/deliverance/preservation", "*exezētēsan*": "sought diligently/inquired carefully", "*exēreunēsan*": "searched carefully/examined thoroughly", "*prophētai*": "prophets/those who speak for God", "*charitos*": "grace/favor/blessing", "*prophēteusantes*": "having prophesied/predicted/spoken for God" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Peter.1.11", "source": "Ἐρευνῶντες εἰς τίνα, ἢ ποῖον καιρὸν ἐδήλου τὸ ἐν αὐτοῖς Πνεῦμα Χριστοῦ, προμαρτυρόμενον τὰ εἰς Χριστὸν παθήματα, καὶ τὰς μετὰ ταῦτα δόξας.", "text": "*Ereunōntes* into what, or what kind of *kairon* was *edēlou* the in them *Pneuma Christou*, *promartyromenon* the unto *Christon* *pathēmata*, and the after these *doxas*.", "grammar": { "*Ereunōntes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - manner/means", "*kairon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - direct object", "*edēlou*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - ongoing past action", "*Pneuma Christou*": "nominative, neuter, singular - subject", "*promartyromenon*": "present, middle, participle, nominative, neuter, singular - attributive", "*Christon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - direction/reference", "*pathēmata*": "accusative, neuter, plural - direct object", "*doxas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - direct object" }, "variants": { "*Ereunōntes*": "searching/investigating/examining", "*kairon*": "time/season/opportunity", "*edēlou*": "was indicating/showing/making clear", "*Pneuma Christou*": "Spirit of Christ", "*promartyromenon*": "predicting/testifying beforehand/bearing witness in advance", "*pathēmata*": "sufferings/afflictions/hardships", "*doxas*": "glories/honors/praises" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 Peter.1.12", "source": "Οἷς ἀπεκαλύφθη, ὅτι οὐχ ἑαυτοῖς, ἡμῖν δὲ διηκόνουν αὐτά, ἃ νῦν ἀνηγγέλη ὑμῖν διὰ τῶν εὐαγγελισαμένων ὑμᾶς ἐν Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ ἀποσταλέντι ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ· εἰς ἃ ἐπιθυμοῦσιν ἄγγελοι παρακύψαι.", "text": "To whom it was *apekalyphthē*, that not to themselves, but to us they were *diēkonoun* these things, which now were *anēngelē* to you through the ones having *euangelisamenōn* you in *Pneumati Hagiō* having been *apostalenti* from *ouranou*; into which *epithymousin* *angeloi* to *parakypsai*.", "grammar": { "*apekalyphthē*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person, singular - completed action", "*diēkonoun*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person, plural - ongoing past action", "*anēngelē*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person, singular - completed action", "*euangelisamenōn*": "aorist, middle, participle, genitive, masculine, plural - agency", "*Pneumati Hagiō*": "dative, neuter, singular - means/instrument", "*apostalenti*": "aorist, passive, participle, dative, neuter, singular - attributive", "*ouranou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - source/origin", "*epithymousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person, plural - ongoing action", "*angeloi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - subject", "*parakypsai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - goal/purpose" }, "variants": { "*apekalyphthē*": "was revealed/disclosed/made known", "*diēkonoun*": "were serving/ministering/providing for", "*anēngelē*": "was announced/reported/proclaimed", "*euangelisamenōn*": "having evangelized/preached good news to", "*Pneumati Hagiō*": "Holy Spirit", "*apostalenti*": "having been sent/dispatched", "*ouranou*": "heaven/sky", "*epithymousin*": "desire/long for/wish", "*angeloi*": "angels/messengers", "*parakypsai*": "to look into/examine closely/peer into" } }
• 2 Pet 1:21 : 21 { "verseID": "2 Peter.1.21", "source": "Οὐ γὰρ θελήματι ἀνθρώπου ἠνέχθη ποτέ προφητεία: ἀλλʼ ὑπὸ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου φερόμενοι ἐλάλησαν Ἅγιοι Θεοῦ ἄνθρωποι.", "text": "For not by *thelēmati anthrōpou ēnechthē pote prophēteia*: but *hypo Pneumatos Hagiou pheromenoi elalēsan Hagioi Theou anthrōpoi*.", "grammar": { "Οὐ": "negative particle - 'not'", "γὰρ": "conjunction - 'for'", "*thelēmati*": "dative, neuter, singular - will/desire", "*anthrōpou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of man/human", "*ēnechthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular - 'was brought/carried'", "*pote*": "adverb - ever/at any time", "*prophēteia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - prophecy", "ἀλλʼ": "conjunction - 'but'", "*hypo*": "preposition + genitive - 'by/under'", "*Pneumatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - Spirit", "*Hagiou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - Holy", "*pheromenoi*": "present passive participle, nominative, masculine, plural - 'being carried/moved'", "*elalēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - 'they spoke'", "*Hagioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - holy ones", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*anthrōpoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - men/humans" }, "variants": { "*thelēmati*": "will/desire/wish/intention", "*anthrōpou*": "of man/of human/of mankind", "*ēnechthē*": "was brought/was carried/was borne", "*prophēteia*": "prophecy/prediction/inspired utterance", "*Pneumatos*": "Spirit/Breath/Wind", "*pheromenoi*": "being carried/being moved/being led", "*elalēsan*": "they spoke/they uttered/they declared", "*Hagioi*": "holy ones/holy people/saints", "*anthrōpoi*": "men/humans/mankind" } }
• 2 Pet 3:2 : 2 { "verseID": "2 Peter.3.2", "source": "Μνησθῆναι τῶν προειρημένων ῥημάτων ὑπὸ τῶν ἁγίων προφητῶν, καὶ τῆς τῶν ἀποστόλων ἡμῶν ἐντολῆς, τοῦ Κυρίου καὶ Σωτῆρος:", "text": "To-*mnēsthēnai* of-the *proeirēmenōn rhēmatōn* by the *hagiōn prophētōn*, and of-the of-the *apostolōn* of-us *entolēs*, of-the *Kyriou* and *Sōtēros*:", "grammar": { "*mnēsthēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to remember/recall/be reminded of", "*proeirēmenōn*": "perfect passive participle, genitive, neuter, plural - having been spoken before/foretold", "*rhēmatōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - words/sayings/utterances", "*hagiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - holy/set apart", "*prophētōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - prophets", "*apostolōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - apostles/sent ones", "*entolēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - commandment/precept/instruction", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Lord/Master", "*Sōtēros*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Savior" }, "variants": { "*mnēsthēnai*": "to remember/recall/be reminded of", "*proeirēmenōn*": "previously spoken/foretold/predicted", "*rhēmatōn*": "words/sayings/utterances/declarations", "*hagiōn*": "holy/set apart/consecrated", "*prophētōn*": "prophets/seers/those who speak for God", "*apostolōn*": "apostles/sent ones/messengers", "*entolēs*": "commandment/precept/instruction/order", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/Master/Ruler", "*Sōtēros*": "Savior/Deliverer/Preserver" } }
• Jas 5:10 : 10 { "verseID": "James.5.10", "source": "Ὑπόδειγμα λάβετε, ἀδελφοί μου, τῆς κακοπαθείας, καὶ τῆς μακροθυμίας. Τοὺς προφήτας, οἳ ἐλάλησαν τῷ ὀνόματι Κυρίου,", "text": "*Hypodeigma labete, adelphoi* my, *tēs kakopātheias*, and *tēs makrothymias*. The *prophētas*, who *elalēsan tō onomati Kyriou*,", "grammar": { "*Hypodeigma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - example", "*labete*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd plural - take", "*adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers", "my": "genitive, 1st singular - my/of me", "*tēs kakopātheias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of suffering affliction", "*tēs makrothymias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of patience", "*prophētas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - prophets", "*elalēsan*": "aorist active, 3rd plural - spoke", "*tō onomati*": "dative, neuter, singular - in the name", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the Lord" }, "variants": { "*Hypodeigma*": "example/pattern/model", "*labete*": "take/receive/consider", "*adelphoi*": "brothers/siblings (can include sisters in broader usage)", "*kakopātheias*": "suffering affliction/enduring hardship/suffering evil", "*makrothymias*": "patience/longsuffering/endurance", "*prophētas*": "prophets/those who spoke for God", "*elalēsan tō onomati*": "spoke in the name/by the authority" } }
• Rom 6:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Romans.6.1", "source": "¶Τί οὖν ἐροῦμεν; Ἐπιμενοῦμεν τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ, ἵνα ἡ χάρις πλεονάσῃ;", "text": "*Ti oun eroumen*? *Epimenοumen* the *hamartia*, *hina* the *charis pleonasē*?", "grammar": { "*Ti*": "interrogative pronoun, nominative/accusative, neuter, singular - what", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*eroumen*": "future active indicative, 1st person plural - we will say", "*Epimenοumen*": "future active indicative, 1st person plural - we will continue/persist", "*hamartia*": "dative, feminine, singular - sin/error", "*hina*": "subordinating conjunction expressing purpose - so that/in order that", "*charis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - grace/favor", "*pleonasē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might abound/increase" }, "variants": { "*Epimenοumen*": "shall we continue/persist/remain", "*hamartia*": "sin/error/missing the mark", "*charis*": "grace/favor/goodwill/blessing", "*pleonasē*": "might abound/increase/multiply" } }
• Acts 13:22-36 : 22 { "verseID": "Acts.13.22", "source": "Καὶ μεταστήσας αὐτόν, ἤγειρεν αὐτοῖς τὸν Δαυίδ εἰς βασιλέα· ᾧ καὶ εἶπεν, μαρτυρήσας, Εὗρον Δαυίδ τὸν τοῦ Ἰεσσαί, ἄνδρα κατὰ τὴν καρδίαν μου, ὃς ποιήσει πάντα τὰ θελήματά μου.", "text": "And *metastēsas* him, *ēgeiren* to-them the *David* for *basilea*; to-whom also *eipen*, *martyrēsas*, *Heuron* *David* the [son] of the *Iessai*, *andra* according-to the *kardian* of-me, who *poiēsei* all the *thelēmata* of-me.", "grammar": { "*metastēsas*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having removed/deposed", "*ēgeiren*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he raised up", "*David*": "accusative, masculine, singular - proper name", "*basilea*": "accusative, masculine, singular - king", "*eipen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he said", "*martyrēsas*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having testified", "*Heuron*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I found", "*Iessai*": "genitive, masculine, singular - proper name", "*andra*": "accusative, masculine, singular - man", "*kardian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - heart", "*poiēsei*": "future, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he will do", "*thelēmata*": "accusative, neuter, plural - desires/wishes" }, "variants": { "*metastēsas*": "having removed/set aside/deposed/taken away", "*ēgeiren*": "raised up/established/appointed", "*martyrēsas*": "having testified/witnessed/attested", "*Heuron*": "I found/discovered", "*andra*": "man/male person", "*kardian*": "heart/mind/will/inner being", "*thelēmata*": "wishes/desires/will/purposes" } } 23 { "verseID": "Acts.13.23", "source": "Τούτου ὁ Θεὸς ἀπὸ τοῦ σπέρματος κατʼ ἐπαγγελίαν ἤγειρε τῷ Ἰσραὴλ σωτῆρα, Ἰησοῦν:", "text": "Of-this-one the *Theos* from the *spermatos* according-to *epangelian* *ēgeire* to-the *Israēl* *sōtēra*, *Iēsoun*:", "grammar": { "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*spermatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - seed/offspring", "*epangelian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - promise", "*ēgeire*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he raised", "*Israēl*": "dative, masculine, singular - proper name", "*sōtēra*": "accusative, masculine, singular - savior", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - proper name" }, "variants": { "*spermatos*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*epangelian*": "promise/announcement/proclamation", "*ēgeire*": "raised up/brought forth/established", "*sōtēra*": "savior/deliverer/rescuer" } } 24 { "verseID": "Acts.13.24", "source": "Προκηρύξαντος Ἰωάννου πρὸ προσώπου τῆς εἰσόδου αὐτοῦ βάπτισμα μετανοίας παντὶ τῷ λαῷ Ἰσραήλ.", "text": "*Prokēryxantos* *Iōannou* *pro* *prosōpou* of-the *eisodou* of-him *baptisma* *metanoias* to-all the *laō* *Israēl*.", "grammar": { "*Prokēryxantos*": "aorist, active, participle, genitive, masculine, singular - having proclaimed beforehand", "*Iōannou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - proper name", "*pro*": "preposition + genitive - before", "*prosōpou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - face/presence", "*eisodou*": "genitive, feminine, singular - entrance/coming", "*baptisma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - baptism", "*metanoias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - repentance", "*laō*": "dative, masculine, singular - people", "*Israēl*": "genitive, masculine, singular - proper name" }, "variants": { "*Prokēryxantos*": "having proclaimed beforehand/having preached in advance", "*pro prosōpou*": "before the face of/ahead of/in advance of", "*eisodou*": "entrance/coming/arrival", "*baptisma*": "baptism/immersion", "*metanoias*": "repentance/change of mind", "*laō*": "people/nation/populace" } } 25 { "verseID": "Acts.13.25", "source": "Ὡς δὲ ἐπλήρου ὁ Ἰωάννης τὸν δρόμον, ἔλεγεν, Τίνα με ὑπονοεῖτε εἶναι; οὐκ εἰμὶ ἐγώ. Ἀλλʼ, ἰδού, ἔρχεται μετʼ ἐμέ, οὗ οὐκ εἰμὶ ἄξιος τὸ ὑπόδημα τῶν ποδῶν λῦσαι.", "text": "As *de* *eplērou* the *Iōannēs* the *dromon*, *elegen*, Whom me *hypnoeite* *einai*? not *eimi* I. But, *idou*, *erchetai* after me, of-whom not *eimi* *axios* the *hypodēma* of-the *podōn* *lysai*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/now", "*eplērou*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - was fulfilling", "*Iōannēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - proper name", "*dromon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - course/race", "*elegen*": "imperfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he was saying", "*hypnoeite*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you suppose", "*einai*": "present, active, infinitive - to be", "*eimi*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I am", "*idou*": "aorist, middle, imperative, 2nd person singular - behold/look/see", "*erchetai*": "present, middle/passive, indicative, 3rd person singular - comes/is coming", "*axios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - worthy", "*hypodēma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - sandal", "*podōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - feet", "*lysai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to loose/untie" }, "variants": { "*eplērou*": "was fulfilling/was completing/was finishing", "*dromon*": "course/race/run", "*hypnoeite*": "you suppose/you think/you presume", "*idou*": "behold/look/see", "*erchetai*": "comes/is coming/approaches", "*axios*": "worthy/deserving/fit", "*lysai*": "to loose/to untie/to unfasten" } } 26 { "verseID": "Acts.13.26", "source": "Ἄνδρες ἀδελφοί, υἱοὶ γένους Ἀβραάμ, καὶ οἱ ἐν ὑμῖν φοβούμενοι τὸν Θεόν, ὑμῖν ὁ λόγος τῆς σωτηρίας ταύτης ἀπεστάλη.", "text": "*Andres* *adelphoi*, *huioi* *genous* *Abraam*, and the in you *phoboumenoi* the *Theon*, to-you the *logos* of-the *sōtērias* this *apestalē*.", "grammar": { "*Andres*": "vocative, masculine, plural - men", "*adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers", "*huioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - sons", "*genous*": "genitive, neuter, singular - family/race/descendance", "*Abraam*": "genitive, masculine, singular - proper name", "*phoboumenoi*": "present, middle/passive, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - fearing", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God", "*logos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - word", "*sōtērias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - salvation", "*apestalē*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person singular - was sent" }, "variants": { "*Andres*": "men/gentlemen", "*adelphoi*": "brothers/brethren", "*huioi*": "sons/descendants", "*genous*": "race/family/lineage/descendants", "*phoboumenoi*": "fearing/revering/worshipping", "*logos*": "word/message/account", "*sōtērias*": "salvation/deliverance/preservation", "*apestalē*": "was sent/was dispatched" } } 27 { "verseID": "Acts.13.27", "source": "Οἱ γὰρ κατοικοῦντες ἐν Ἰερουσαλὴμ, καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες αὐτῶν, τοῦτον ἀγνοήσαντες, καὶ τὰς φωνὰς τῶν προφητῶν τὰς κατὰ πᾶν σάββατον ἀναγινωσκομένας, κρίναντες ἐπλήρωσαν.", "text": "The *gar* *katoikountes* in *Ierousalēm*, and the *archontes* of-them, this-one *agnoēsantes*, and the *phōnas* of-the *prophētōn* the according-to every *sabbaton* *anaginōskomenas*, *krinantes* *eplērōsan*.", "grammar": { "*gar*": "postpositive particle - for/because", "*katoikountes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - dwelling/inhabiting", "*Ierousalēm*": "dative, feminine, singular - proper name", "*archontes*": "nominative, masculine, plural - rulers", "*agnoēsantes*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having been ignorant of", "*phōnas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - voices/utterances", "*prophētōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - prophets", "*sabbaton*": "accusative, neuter, singular - sabbath", "*anaginōskomenas*": "present, passive, participle, accusative, feminine, plural - being read", "*krinantes*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having judged", "*eplērōsan*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they fulfilled" }, "variants": { "*katoikountes*": "dwelling/inhabiting/residing", "*archontes*": "rulers/leaders/authorities", "*agnoēsantes*": "having been ignorant of/not recognizing/failing to understand", "*phōnas*": "voices/words/utterances", "*anaginōskomenas*": "being read/being recited", "*krinantes*": "having judged/having condemned/having decided", "*eplērōsan*": "fulfilled/completed/accomplished" } } 28 { "verseID": "Acts.13.28", "source": "Καὶ μηδεμίαν αἰτίαν θανάτου εὑρόντες, ᾐτήσαντο Πιλάτον ἀναιρεθῆναι αὐτόν.", "text": "And *mēdemian* *aitian* *thanatou* *heurontes*, *ētēsanto* *Pilaton* *anairethēnai* him.", "grammar": { "*mēdemian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - no/not one", "*aitian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - cause/reason", "*thanatou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - death", "*heurontes*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having found", "*ētēsanto*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd person plural - they asked for themselves", "*Pilaton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - proper name", "*anairethēnai*": "aorist, passive, infinitive - to be put to death" }, "variants": { "*mēdemian*": "not one/none/no", "*aitian*": "cause/reason/charge/ground", "*thanatou*": "of death/worthy of death", "*heurontes*": "having found/having discovered", "*ētēsanto*": "they asked/they requested/they demanded", "*anairethēnai*": "to be put to death/to be executed/to be slain" } } 29 { "verseID": "Acts.13.29", "source": "Ὡς δὲ ἐτέλεσαν πάντα τὰ περὶ αὐτοῦ γεγραμμένα, καθελόντες ἀπὸ τοῦ ξύλου, ἔθηκαν εἰς μνημεῖον.", "text": "When *de* *etelesan* all the concerning him *gegrammena*, *kathelontes* from the *xylou*, *ethēkan* into *mnēmeion*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/now", "*etelesan*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they completed", "*gegrammena*": "perfect, passive, participle, accusative, neuter, plural - having been written", "*kathelontes*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having taken down", "*xylou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - wood/tree", "*ethēkan*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they laid/placed", "*mnēmeion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - tomb/grave" }, "variants": { "*etelesan*": "they completed/they finished/they fulfilled", "*gegrammena*": "having been written/having been recorded", "*kathelontes*": "having taken down/having removed", "*xylou*": "tree/wood/cross", "*ethēkan*": "they laid/they placed/they put", "*mnēmeion*": "tomb/grave/sepulcher" } } 30 { "verseID": "Acts.13.30", "source": "Ὁ δὲ Θεὸς ἤγειρεν αὐτὸν ἐκ νεκρῶν:", "text": "The *de* *Theos* *ēgeiren* him *ek* *nekrōn*:", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/now", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*ēgeiren*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he raised", "*ek*": "preposition + genitive - from/out of", "*nekrōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - dead ones" }, "variants": { "*ēgeiren*": "raised/resurrected/brought up", "*nekrōn*": "dead ones/corpses/dead people" } } 31 { "verseID": "Acts.13.31", "source": "Ὃς ὤφθη ἐπὶ ἡμέρας πλείους τοῖς συναναβᾶσιν αὐτῷ ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ, οἵτινες εἰσιν μάρτυρες αὐτοῦ πρὸς τὸν λαόν.", "text": "Who *ōphthē* for *hēmeras* *pleious* to-the *synanababasin* with-him from the *Galilaias* to *Ierousalēm*, who *eisin* *martyres* of-him *pros* the *laon*.", "grammar": { "*ōphthē*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person singular - he was seen/appeared", "*hēmeras*": "accusative, feminine, plural - days", "*pleious*": "accusative, feminine, plural, comparative - more/many", "*synanababasin*": "aorist, active, participle, dative, masculine, plural - having gone up with", "*Galilaias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - proper name", "*Ierousalēm*": "accusative, feminine, singular - proper name", "*eisin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they are", "*martyres*": "nominative, masculine, plural - witnesses", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*laon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - people" }, "variants": { "*ōphthē*": "was seen/appeared/showed himself", "*pleious*": "many/more/several", "*synanababasin*": "those who went up with/those who traveled with", "*martyres*": "witnesses/testifiers", "*laon*": "people/nation/populace" } } 32 { "verseID": "Acts.13.32", "source": "Καὶ ἡμεῖς ὑμᾶς εὐαγγελιζόμεθα, τὴν πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας ἐπαγγελίαν γενομένην,", "text": "And we you *euangelizometha*, the *pros* the *pateras* *epangelian* *genomenēn*,", "grammar": { "*euangelizometha*": "present, middle, indicative, 1st person plural - we proclaim good news", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*pateras*": "accusative, masculine, plural - fathers", "*epangelian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - promise", "*genomenēn*": "aorist, middle, participle, accusative, feminine, singular - having become/having been made" }, "variants": { "*euangelizometha*": "we proclaim good news/we bring good tidings/we evangelize", "*pateras*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*epangelian*": "promise/pledge/announcement", "*genomenēn*": "having become/having been made/having happened" } } 33 { "verseID": "Acts.13.33", "source": "Ὅτι ταύτην ὁ Θεὸς ἐκπεπλήρωκεν τοῖς τέκνοις αὐτῶν ἡμῖν, ἀναστήσας Ἰησοῦν· ὡς καὶ ἐν τῷ ψαλμῷ τῷ δευτέρῳ γέγραπται, Υἱός μου εἶ σύ, ἐγὼ σήμερον γεγέννηκά σε.", "text": "That this the *Theos* *ekpeplērōken* to-the *teknois* of-them us, *anastēsas* *Iēsoun*; as also in the *psalmō* the second *gegraptai*, *Huios* of-me *ei* you, I *sēmeron* *gegennēka* you.", "grammar": { "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*ekpeplērōken*": "perfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he has fulfilled completely", "*teknois*": "dative, neuter, plural - children", "*anastēsas*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having raised up", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - proper name", "*psalmō*": "dative, masculine, singular - psalm", "*gegraptai*": "perfect, passive, indicative, 3rd person singular - it has been written", "*Huios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Son", "*ei*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person singular - you are", "*sēmeron*": "adverb - today", "*gegennēka*": "perfect, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I have begotten" }, "variants": { "*ekpeplērōken*": "has completely fulfilled/has fully accomplished", "*teknois*": "children/descendants/offspring", "*anastēsas*": "having raised up/having brought up/having resurrected", "*psalmō*": "psalm/song", "*Huios*": "Son/male descendant", "*gegennēka*": "I have begotten/I have fathered/I have brought forth" } } 34 { "verseID": "Acts.13.34", "source": "Ὅτι δὲ ἀνέστησεν αὐτὸν ἐκ νεκρῶν, μηκέτι μέλλοντα ὑποστρέφειν εἰς διαφθοράν, οὕτως εἴρηκεν, ὅτι Δώσω ὑμῖν τὰ ὅσια Δαυίδ τὰ πιστά.", "text": "That *de* *anestēsen* him *ek* *nekrōn*, *mēketi* *mellonta* *hypostrephein* into *diaphthoran*, thus *eirēken*, that *Dōsō* to-you the *hosia* *David* the *pista*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but/now", "*anestēsen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he raised up", "*ek*": "preposition + genitive - from/out of", "*nekrōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - dead ones", "*mēketi*": "adverb - no longer/no more", "*mellonta*": "present, active, participle, accusative, masculine, singular - being about to", "*hypostrephein*": "present, active, infinitive - to return", "*diaphthoran*": "accusative, feminine, singular - corruption", "*eirēken*": "perfect, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he has said", "*Dōsō*": "future, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I will give", "*hosia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - holy things", "*David*": "genitive, masculine, singular - proper name", "*pista*": "accusative, neuter, plural - faithful/trustworthy" }, "variants": { "*anestēsen*": "raised up/resurrected/brought back to life", "*nekrōn*": "dead ones/corpses", "*mellonta*": "being about to/intending to/going to", "*hypostrephein*": "to return/to go back", "*diaphthoran*": "corruption/decay/destruction", "*eirēken*": "he has said/he has spoken/he has declared", "*hosia*": "holy things/sacred things/faithful mercies", "*pista*": "faithful/sure/trustworthy" } } 35 { "verseID": "Acts.13.35", "source": "Διὸ καὶ ἐν ἑτέρῳ λέγει, Οὐ δώσεις τὸν Ὅσιόν σου ἰδεῖν διαφθοράν.", "text": "Wherefore also in another *legei*, Not *dōseis* the *Hosion* of-you *idein* *diaphthoran*.", "grammar": { "*legei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he says", "*dōseis*": "future, active, indicative, 2nd person singular - you will give", "*Hosion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Holy One", "*idein*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to see", "*diaphthoran*": "accusative, feminine, singular - corruption" }, "variants": { "*legei*": "says/speaks/states", "*dōseis*": "you will give/you will allow/you will permit", "*Hosion*": "Holy One/Pious One/Righteous One", "*idein*": "to see/to experience/to undergo", "*diaphthoran*": "corruption/decay/destruction" } } 36 { "verseID": "Acts.13.36", "source": "Δαυίδ μὲν γὰρ, ἰδίᾳ γενεᾷ ὑπηρετήσας τῇ τοῦ Θεοῦ βουλῇ, ἐκοιμήθη, καὶ προσετέθη πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας αὐτοῦ, καὶ εἶδεν διαφθοράν:", "text": "*David* *men* *gar*, own *geneā* *hypēretēsas* the of-the *Theou* *boulē*, *ekoimēthē*, and *prosetethē* *pros* the *pateras* of-him, and *eiden* *diaphthoran*:", "grammar": { "*men*": "postpositive particle - indeed/on the one hand", "*gar*": "postpositive particle - for/because", "*geneā*": "dative, feminine, singular - generation", "*hypēretēsas*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having served", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*boulē*": "dative, feminine, singular - counsel/purpose/will", "*ekoimēthē*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person singular - he fell asleep", "*prosetethē*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person singular - he was added", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward", "*pateras*": "accusative, masculine, plural - fathers", "*eiden*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - he saw", "*diaphthoran*": "accusative, feminine, singular - corruption" }, "variants": { "*geneā*": "generation/age/lifetime", "*hypēretēsas*": "having served/having ministered/having assisted", "*boulē*": "counsel/purpose/will/plan", "*ekoimēthē*": "fell asleep/died", "*prosetethē*": "was added/was gathered/was laid", "*pateras*": "fathers/ancestors", "*eiden*": "saw/experienced/underwent", "*diaphthoran*": "corruption/decay/destruction" } }
• Rom 3:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Romans.3.5", "source": "Εἰ δὲ ἡ ἀδικία ἡμῶν Θεοῦ δικαιοσύνην συνίστησιν, τί ἐροῦμεν; μὴ ἄδικος ὁ Θεὸς ὁ ἐπιφέρων τὴν ὀργήν; (Κατὰ ἄνθρωπον λέγω)", "text": "*Ei de hē adikia hēmōn Theou dikaiosynēn synistēsin*, *ti eroumen*? *mē adikos ho Theos ho epipherōn tēn orgēn*? (*Kata anthrōpon legō*)", "grammar": { "*Ei*": "conditional particle - if", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*hē adikia*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - the unrighteousness", "*hēmōn*": "pronoun, genitive, plural - of us/our", "*Theou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*dikaiosynēn*": "noun, accusative, feminine, singular - righteousness", "*synistēsin*": "verb, present active, 3rd person singular - commends/establishes/demonstrates", "*ti*": "interrogative pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular - what", "*eroumen*": "verb, future active, 1st person plural - we will say", "*mē*": "negative particle expecting negative answer - not", "*adikos*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - unrighteous/unjust", "*ho Theos*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*ho epipherōn*": "participle, present active, nominative, masculine, singular - the one bringing", "*tēn orgēn*": "noun, accusative, feminine, singular - the wrath", "*Kata*": "preposition + accusative - according to", "*anthrōpon*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - man/human", "*legō*": "verb, present active, 1st person singular - I speak/say" }, "variants": { "*adikia*": "unrighteousness/injustice/wrongdoing", "*dikaiosynēn*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*synistēsin*": "commends/demonstrates/establishes/confirms/proves", "*adikos*": "unrighteous/unjust/unfair", "*epipherōn*": "bringing/inflicting/imposing", "*orgēn*": "wrath/anger/indignation" } }
• 1 Sam 12:11 : 11 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.12.11", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח יְהוָה֙ אֶת־יְרֻבַּ֣עַל וְאֶת־בְּדָ֔ן וְאֶת־יִפְתָּ֖ח וְאֶת־שְׁמוּאֵ֑ל וַיַּצֵּ֨ל אֶתְכֶ֜ם מִיַּ֤ד אֹֽיְבֵיכֶם֙ מִסָּבִ֔יב וַתֵּשְׁב֖וּ בֶּֽטַח׃", "text": "*wa-yišlaḥ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*yərubbaʿal* *wə-ʾet*-*bədān* *wə-ʾet*-*yiptāḥ* *wə-ʾet*-*šəmûʾēl* *wa-yaṣṣēl* *ʾetkem* *miyyad* *ʾōyəbêkem* *mi-sābîb* *wa-tēšbû* *beṭaḥ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he sent", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ʾet*-*yərubbaʿal*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Jerubbaal", "*wə-ʾet*-*bədān*": "conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun - and Bedan", "*wə-ʾet*-*yiptāḥ*": "conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun - and Jephthah", "*wə-ʾet*-*šəmûʾēl*": "conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun - and Samuel", "*wa-yaṣṣēl*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he delivered", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*miyyad*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - from the hand of", "*ʾōyəbêkem*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies", "*mi-sābîb*": "preposition + adverb - from around", "*wa-tēšbû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you lived", "*beṭaḥ*": "noun masculine singular - securely" }, "variants": { "*yərubbaʿal*": "Jerubbaal/Gideon", "*bədān*": "Bedan/Barak (possibly)", "*wa-yaṣṣēl*": "and he delivered/rescued/saved", "*mi-sābîb*": "from around/from all sides/from all around", "*wa-tēšbû*": "and you lived/dwelled/settled", "*beṭaḥ*": "securely/in safety/confidently" } }
• 1 Sam 2:11 : 11 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.2.11", "source": "וַיֵּ֧לֶךְ אֶלְקָנָ֛ה הָרָמָ֖תָה עַל־בֵּית֑וֹ וְהַנַּ֗עַר הָיָ֤ה מְשָׁרֵת֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה אֶת־פְּנֵ֖י עֵלִ֥י הַכֹּהֵֽן׃", "text": "*wayyēlek* *ʾelqānâ* *hārāmātâ* to-*bêtô*, and *hannaʿar* *hāyâ* *məšārēt* *ʾet*-*YHWH* before *pənê* *ʿēlî* *hakkōhēn*.", "grammar": { "*wayyēlek*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular apocopated - and he went", "*ʾelqānâ*": "proper noun, masculine - Elkanah", "*hārāmātâ*": "definite article + proper noun + directional suffix - to Ramah", "*bêtô*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his house", "*hannaʿar*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the boy/youth", "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - was/became", "*məšārēt*": "Piel participle masculine singular - ministering/serving", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*pənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - face of/before", "*ʿēlî*": "proper noun, masculine - Eli", "*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the priest" }, "variants": { "*hārāmātâ*": "to Ramah/toward Ramah", "*hannaʿar*": "the boy/youth/young man", "*məšārēt*": "ministering/serving/attending", "*pənê*": "face of/before/in the presence of" } }
• 1 Sam 2:18 : 18 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.2.18", "source": "וּשְׁמוּאֵ֕ל מְשָׁרֵ֖ת אֶת־פְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה נַ֕עַר חָג֖וּר אֵפ֥וֹד בָּֽד׃", "text": "And *Shmuel* *mesharet* ʾet-*pene* *YHWH*; *naar* *hagur* *ephod* *bad*.", "grammar": { "*Shmuel*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Samuel", "*mesharet*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - ministering/serving", "ʾet": "direct object marker", "*pene*": "construct state of *panim* (face/presence), masculine plural - before/in the presence of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*naar*": "noun, masculine singular - youth/boy/servant", "*hagur*": "Qal passive participle, masculine singular - girded/wearing", "*ephod*": "noun, masculine singular - ephod (priestly garment)", "*bad*": "noun, masculine singular - linen" }, "variants": { "*mesharet*": "serving/ministering/attending", "*pene*": "face/presence/before", "*naar*": "boy/youth/young man/servant", "*ephod*": "priestly vestment/garment", "*bad*": "linen/fine linen/separate part" } }
• Judg 13:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Judges.13.24", "source": "וַתֵּ֤לֶד הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ בֵּ֔ן וַתִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ שִׁמְשׁ֑וֹן וַיִּגְדַּ֣ל הַנַּ֔עַר וַֽיְבָרְכֵ֖הוּ יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wə-* *tēled* the *hāʾiššâ* *bēn*, and *wə-* *tiqrāʾ* *ʾet-šəmô* *šimšôn*, and *wə-* *yiggdal* the *hannaʿar* and *wə-* *yəbārəkēhû* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wə-tēled*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and she bore", "*hāʾiššâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the woman", "*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular - son", "*wə-tiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and she called", "*ʾet-šəmô*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name", "*šimšôn*": "proper noun - Samson", "*wə-yiggdal*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he grew", "*hannaʿar*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the boy", "*wə-yəbārəkēhû*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he blessed him", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God" }, "variants": { "*tēled*": "bore/gave birth to", "*tiqrāʾ ʾet-šəmô*": "called his name/named him", "*šimšôn*": "Samson (meaning 'like the sun' or 'little sun')", "*yiggdal*": "grew/grew up/became strong", "*yəbārəkēhû*": "blessed him/favored him" } }
• Judg 4:1-6:8 : 1 { "verseID": "Judges.4.1", "source": "וַיֹּסִ֙פוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְאֵה֖וּד מֵֽת׃", "text": "*wə-yōsîpû* *bənê yiśrāʾēl* *laʿăśôt* *hāraʿ* in *ʿênê Yahweh* and *ʾēhûd* *mēt*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōsîpû*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural - and they continued/added", "*bənê yiśrāʾēl*": "construct state + proper noun - sons of Israel", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*hāraʿ*": "definite article + noun - the evil", "*bəʿênê*": "preposition + construct plural noun - in eyes of", "*Yahweh*": "divine name - LORD", "*wə-ʾēhûd*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Ehud", "*mēt*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - had died" }, "variants": { "*wə-yōsîpû*": "they continued/they added/they did again", "*hāraʿ*": "the evil/wickedness/badness", "*bəʿênê*": "in the eyes of/in the sight of" } } 2 { "verseID": "Judges.4.2", "source": "וַיִּמְכְּרֵ֣ם יְהוָ֗ה בְּיַד֙ יָבִ֣ין מֶֽלֶךְ־כְּנַ֔עַן אֲשֶׁ֥ר מָלַ֖ךְ בְּחָצ֑וֹר וְשַׂר־צְבָאוֹ֙ סִֽיסְרָ֔א וְה֥וּא יוֹשֵׁ֖ב בַּחֲרֹ֥שֶׁת הַגּוֹיִֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yimkərēm Yahweh* in *yad yābîn melek-kənaʿan* who *mālak* in *ḥāṣôr* and *śar-ṣəbāʾô sîsərāʾ* and he *yôšēb* in *ḥărōšet haggôyîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yimkərēm*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he sold them", "*bəyad*": "preposition + construct noun - into hand of/into power of", "*yābîn*": "proper noun - Jabin", "*melek-kənaʿan*": "construct noun + proper noun - king of Canaan", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which", "*mālak*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - reigned/ruled", "*bəḥāṣôr*": "preposition + proper noun - in Hazor", "*śar-ṣəbāʾô*": "construct noun + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - commander of his army", "*sîsərāʾ*": "proper noun - Sisera", "*wə-hûʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - and he", "*yôšēb*": "Qal participle masculine singular - dwelling/sitting", "*baḥărōšet haggôyîm*": "preposition + proper noun - in Harosheth-hagoyim" }, "variants": { "*wa-yimkərēm*": "he sold them/he gave them over", "*yad*": "hand/power/control", "*mālak*": "reigned/ruled", "*yôšēb*": "dwelling/residing/sitting" } } 3 { "verseID": "Judges.4.3", "source": "וַיִּצְעֲק֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֠י תְּשַׁ֨ע מֵא֤וֹת רֶֽכֶב־בַּרְזֶל֙ ל֔וֹ וְ֠הוּא לָחַ֞ץ אֶת־בְּנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל בְּחָזְקָ֖ה עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃ ס", "text": "*wa-yiṣʿăqû bənê-yiśrāʾēl ʾel-Yahweh kî təšaʿ mēʾôt rekeb-barzel* to him and he *lāḥaṣ* *ʾet-bənê yiśrāʾēl* with *ḥozqâ* twenty *šānâ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yiṣʿăqû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they cried out", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct state + proper noun - sons of Israel/Israelites", "*ʾel-Yahweh*": "preposition + divine name - to/unto Yahweh", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*təšaʿ mēʾôt*": "numeral + plural noun - nine hundred", "*rekeb-barzel*": "construct noun + noun - chariots of iron", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him/for him/he had", "*wə-hûʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - and he", "*lāḥaṣ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - oppressed/crushed", "*ʾet-bənê yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker + construct noun + proper noun - sons of Israel/Israelites", "*bəḥozqâ*": "preposition + noun - with strength/mightily/severely", "*ʿeśrîm šānâ*": "numeral + noun - twenty years" }, "variants": { "*wa-yiṣʿăqû*": "they cried out/they called for help", "*kî*": "because/for/that", "*lāḥaṣ*": "oppressed/crushed/pressed hard", "*bəḥozqâ*": "mightily/severely/with strength" } } 4 { "verseID": "Judges.4.4", "source": "וּדְבוֹרָה֙ אִשָּׁ֣ה נְבִיאָ֔ה אֵ֖שֶׁת לַפִּיד֑וֹת הִ֛יא שֹׁפְטָ֥ה אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בָּעֵ֥ת הַהִֽיא׃", "text": "And *dəbôrâ ʾiššâ nəbîʾâ ʾēšet lappîdôt* she *šōpəṭâ ʾet-yiśrāʾēl* in *bāʿēt hahîʾ*", "grammar": { "*û-dəbôrâ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Deborah", "*ʾiššâ*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*nəbîʾâ*": "noun, feminine singular - prophetess", "*ʾēšet*": "construct noun, feminine singular - wife of", "*lappîdôt*": "proper noun - Lappidoth", "*hîʾ*": "3rd person feminine singular pronoun - she", "*šōpəṭâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - was judging", "*ʾet-yiśrāʾēl*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Israel", "*bāʿēt hahîʾ*": "preposition + definite article + noun + definite article + demonstrative pronoun - in that time" }, "variants": { "*dəbôrâ*": "Deborah (meaning 'bee')", "*nəbîʾâ*": "prophetess/female prophet", "*šōpəṭâ*": "judging/governing/leading", "*ʿēt*": "time/period" } } 5 { "verseID": "Judges.4.5", "source": "וְ֠הִיא יוֹשֶׁ֨בֶת תַּֽחַת־תֹּ֜מֶר דְּבוֹרָ֗ה בֵּ֧ין הָרָמָ֛ה וּבֵ֥ין בֵּֽית־אֵ֖ל בְּהַ֣ר אֶפְרָ֑יִם וַיַּעֲל֥וּ אֵלֶ֛יהָ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לַמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃", "text": "And she *yôšebet taḥat-tōmer dəbôrâ* between *hārāmâ* and between *bêt-ʾēl* in *har ʾepərāyim wa-yaʿălû ʾēlêhā bənê yiśrāʾēl* for *hammišpāṭ*", "grammar": { "*wə-hîʾ*": "conjunction + 3rd person feminine singular pronoun - and she", "*yôšebet*": "Qal participle feminine singular - sitting/dwelling", "*taḥat-tōmer*": "preposition + noun - under palm tree of", "*dəbôrâ*": "proper noun - Deborah", "*bên hārāmâ*": "preposition + definite article + proper noun - between Ramah", "*û-bên bêt-ʾēl*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and between Bethel", "*bəhar ʾepərāyim*": "preposition + construct noun + proper noun - in the hill country of Ephraim", "*wa-yaʿălû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they went up", "*ʾēlêhā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to her", "*bənê yiśrāʾēl*": "construct noun + proper noun - sons of Israel/Israelites", "*lammišpāṭ*": "preposition + definite article + noun - for judgment" }, "variants": { "*yôšebet*": "sitting/dwelling/residing", "*tōmer*": "palm tree", "*yaʿălû*": "went up/ascended/came up", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/decision/justice" } } 6 { "verseID": "Judges.4.6", "source": "וַתִּשְׁלַ֗ח וַתִּקְרָא֙ לְבָרָ֣ק בֶּן־אֲבִינֹ֔עַם מִקֶּ֖דֶשׁ נַפְתָּלִ֑י וַתֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֜יו הֲלֹ֥א צִוָּ֣ה ׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לֵ֤ךְ וּמָֽשַׁכְתָּ֙ בְּהַ֣ר תָּב֔וֹר וְלָקַחְתָּ֣ עִמְּךָ֗ עֲשֶׂ֤רֶת אֲלָפִים֙ אִ֔ישׁ מִבְּנֵ֥י נַפְתָּלִ֖י וּמִבְּנֵ֥י זְבֻלֽוּן׃", "text": "*wa-tišlaḥ wa-tiqrāʾ lə-bārāq ben-ʾăbînōʿam* from *qedeš naptālî wa-tōʾmer ʾēlāyw hălōʾ ṣiwwâ Yahweh ʾĕlōhê-yiśrāʾēl lēk û-māšaktā* to *har tābôr* and *lāqaḥtā ʿimməkā ʿăśeret ʾălāpîm ʾîš* from *bənê naptālî* and from *bənê zəbulûn*", "grammar": { "*wa-tišlaḥ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she sent", "*wa-tiqrāʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she called/summoned", "*lə-bārāq*": "preposition + proper noun - to/for Barak", "*ben-ʾăbînōʿam*": "construct noun + proper noun - son of Abinoam", "*mi-qedeš*": "preposition + proper noun - from Kedesh", "*naptālî*": "proper noun - Naphtali", "*wa-tōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she said", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative - has not", "*ṣiwwâ*": "Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - commanded", "*Yahweh ʾĕlōhê-yiśrāʾēl*": "divine name + construct noun + proper noun - Yahweh God of Israel", "*lēk*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - go", "*û-māšaktā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - and draw/march", "*bəhar tābôr*": "preposition + construct noun + proper noun - to Mount Tabor", "*wə-lāqaḥtā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - and take", "*ʿimməkā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - with you", "*ʿăśeret ʾălāpîm*": "numeral construct + plural noun - ten thousand", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - men", "*mi-bənê*": "preposition + construct plural noun - from sons of", "*naptālî*": "proper noun - Naphtali", "*û-mi-bənê*": "conjunction + preposition + construct plural noun - and from sons of", "*zəbulûn*": "proper noun - Zebulun" }, "variants": { "*wa-tišlaḥ*": "she sent/she dispatched", "*wa-tiqrāʾ*": "she called/she summoned", "*ṣiwwâ*": "commanded/ordered/instructed", "*lēk*": "go/proceed", "*māšaktā*": "draw/march/deploy", "*lāqaḥtā*": "take/gather" } } 7 { "verseID": "Judges.4.7", "source": "וּמָשַׁכְתִּ֨י אֵלֶ֜יךָ אֶל־נַ֣חַל קִישׁ֗וֹן אֶת־סִֽיסְרָא֙ שַׂר־צְבָ֣א יָבִ֔ין וְאֶת־רִכְבּ֖וֹ וְאֶת־הֲמוֹנ֑וֹ וּנְתַתִּ֖יהוּ בְּיָדֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And I will *māšaktî ʾēlêkā* to *naḥal qîšôn ʾet-sîsərāʾ śar-ṣəbāʾ yābîn wə-ʾet-rikbô wə-ʾet-hămônô û-nətattîhû* in *yādekā*", "grammar": { "*û-māšaktî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will draw/entice", "*ʾēlêkā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*ʾel-naḥal*": "preposition + construct noun - to the brook/wadi of", "*qîšôn*": "proper noun - Kishon", "*ʾet-sîsərāʾ*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Sisera", "*śar-ṣəbāʾ*": "construct noun + noun - commander of the army of", "*yābîn*": "proper noun - Jabin", "*wə-ʾet-rikbô*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his chariots", "*wə-ʾet-hămônô*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his multitude", "*û-nətattîhû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I will give him", "*bəyādekā*": "preposition + noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - into your hand" }, "variants": { "*māšaktî*": "I will draw/I will entice/I will bring", "*naḥal*": "brook/wadi/torrent valley", "*rikbô*": "his chariots/his chariot forces", "*hămônô*": "his multitude/his troops/his horde", "*nətattîhû*": "I will give him/I will deliver him", "*yādekā*": "your hand/your power" } } 8 { "verseID": "Judges.4.8", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלֶ֙יהָ֙ בָּרָ֔ק אִם־תֵּלְכִ֥י עִמִּ֖י וְהָלָ֑כְתִּי וְאִם־לֹ֥א תֵלְכִ֛י עִמִּ֖י לֹ֥א אֵלֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer ʾēlêhā bārāq ʾim-tēləkî ʿimmî wə-hālāktî wə-ʾim-lōʾ tēləkî ʿimmî lōʾ ʾēlēk*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾēlêhā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to her", "*bārāq*": "proper noun - Barak", "*ʾim-tēləkî*": "conditional particle + Qal imperfect 2nd person feminine singular - if you will go", "*ʿimmî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*wə-hālāktî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - then I will go", "*wə-ʾim-lōʾ*": "conjunction + conditional particle + negative particle - and if not", "*tēləkî*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person feminine singular - you will go", "*ʿimmî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾēlēk*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will go" }, "variants": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "he said/he replied", "*tēləkî*": "you will go/you go", "*hālāktî*": "I will go/I will proceed" } } 9 { "verseID": "Judges.4.9", "source": "וַתֹּ֜אמֶר הָלֹ֧ךְ אֵלֵ֣ךְ עִמָּ֗ךְ אֶ֚פֶס כִּי֩ לֹ֨א תִֽהְיֶ֜ה תִּֽפְאַרְתְּךָ֗ עַל־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַתָּ֣ה הוֹלֵ֔ךְ כִּ֣י בְֽיַד־אִשָּׁ֔ה יִמְכֹּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־סִֽיסְרָ֑א וַתָּ֧קָם דְּבוֹרָ֛ה וַתֵּ֥לֶך עִם־בָּרָ֖ק קֶֽדְשָׁה׃", "text": "*wa-tōʾmer hālōk ʾēlēk ʿimmāk ʾepes kî lōʾ tihyeh tipʾartəkā ʿal-hadderek ʾăšer ʾattâ hôlēk kî bəyad-ʾiššâ yimkōr Yahweh ʾet-sîsərāʾ wa-tāqom dəbôrâ wa-tēlek ʿim-bārāq qedšâ*", "grammar": { "*wa-tōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she said", "*hālōk*": "Qal infinitive absolute - going", "*ʾēlēk*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will go", "*ʿimmāk*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - with you", "*ʾepes*": "adverb - however/nevertheless", "*kî*": "conjunction - but/because", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - will be", "*tipʾartəkā*": "noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your glory/honor", "*ʿal-hadderek*": "preposition + definite article + noun - on the journey/way", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʾattâ*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*hôlēk*": "Qal participle masculine singular - going", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*bəyad-ʾiššâ*": "preposition + construct noun + noun - into hand of woman", "*yimkōr*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will sell/deliver", "*Yahweh*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*ʾet-sîsərāʾ*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Sisera", "*wa-tāqom*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she arose", "*dəbôrâ*": "proper noun - Deborah", "*wa-tēlek*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she went", "*ʿim-bārāq*": "preposition + proper noun - with Barak", "*qedšâ*": "proper noun + directional heh - to Kedesh" }, "variants": { "*hālōk ʾēlēk*": "I will surely go/I will definitely go", "*ʾepes*": "however/nevertheless/notwithstanding", "*tipʾartəkā*": "your glory/your honor/your fame", "*yimkōr*": "will sell/will give over/will deliver", "*tāqom*": "she arose/she got up/she stood" } } 10 { "verseID": "Judges.4.10", "source": "וַיַּזְעֵ֨ק בָּרָ֜ק אֶת־זְבוּלֻ֤ן וְאֶת־נַפְתָּלִי֙ קֶ֔דְשָׁה וַיַּ֣עַל בְּרַגְלָ֔יו עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת אַלְפֵ֖י אִ֑ישׁ וַתַּ֥עַל עִמּ֖וֹ דְּבוֹרָֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yazʿēq bārāq ʾet-zəbulun wə-ʾet-naptālî qedšâ wa-yaʿal bəraglāyw ʿăśeret ʾalpê ʾîš wa-taʿal ʿimmô dəbôrâ*", "grammar": { "*wa-yazʿēq*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he called/summoned", "*bārāq*": "proper noun - Barak", "*ʾet-zəbulun*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Zebulun", "*wə-ʾet-naptālî*": "conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun - and Naphtali", "*qedšâ*": "proper noun + directional heh - to Kedesh", "*wa-yaʿal*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he went up", "*bəraglāyw*": "preposition + plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - at/with his feet", "*ʿăśeret ʾalpê*": "construct numeral + plural noun - ten thousand", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - men", "*wa-taʿal*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she went up", "*ʿimmô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with him", "*dəbôrâ*": "proper noun - Deborah" }, "variants": { "*wa-yazʿēq*": "he called/he summoned/he mustered", "*bəraglāyw*": "on foot/at his feet/following him", "*wa-yaʿal*": "he went up/he marched/he ascended", "*wa-taʿal*": "she went up/she marched/she ascended" } } 11 { "verseID": "Judges.4.11", "source": "וְחֶ֤בֶר הַקֵּינִי֙ נִפְרָ֣ד מִקַּ֔יִן מִבְּנֵ֥י חֹבָ֖ב חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֑ה וַיֵּ֣ט אָהֳל֔וֹ עַד־אֵל֥וֹן *בצענים **בְּצַעֲנַנִּ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֶת־קֶֽדֶשׁ׃", "text": "And *ḥeber haqqênî niprād mi-qayin mi-bənê ḥōbāb ḥōtēn mōšeh wa-yēṭ ʾohŏlô ʿad-ʾēlôn bəṣaʿănannîm ʾăšer ʾet-qedeš*", "grammar": { "*wə-ḥeber*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Heber", "*haqqênî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective - the Kenite", "*niprād*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - had separated himself", "*mi-qayin*": "preposition + proper noun - from Kain/Kenites", "*mi-bənê*": "preposition + construct plural noun - from sons of", "*ḥōbāb*": "proper noun - Hobab", "*ḥōtēn*": "construct noun - father-in-law of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*wa-yēṭ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he pitched/set up", "*ʾohŏlô*": "noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his tent", "*ʿad-ʾēlôn*": "preposition + construct noun - unto the terebinth/oak of", "*bəṣaʿănannîm*": "proper noun with preposition - in Zaanannim", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ʾet-qedeš*": "preposition + proper noun - beside/near Kedesh" }, "variants": { "*niprād*": "had separated himself/had moved away", "*wa-yēṭ*": "he pitched/he set up/he spread", "*ʾēlôn*": "terebinth/oak/great tree", "*ʾăšer ʾet-qedeš*": "which is near Kedesh/which is by Kedesh" } } 12 { "verseID": "Judges.4.12", "source": "וַיַּגִּ֖דוּ לְסִֽיסְרָ֑א כִּ֥י עָלָ֛ה בָּרָ֥ק בֶּן־אֲבִינֹ֖עַם הַר־תָּבֽוֹר׃ ס", "text": "*wa-yaggidû lə-sîsərāʾ kî ʿālâ bārāq ben-ʾăbînōʿam har-tābôr*", "grammar": { "*wa-yaggidû*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they told", "*lə-sîsərāʾ*": "preposition + proper noun - to Sisera", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʿālâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - had gone up", "*bārāq*": "proper noun - Barak", "*ben-ʾăbînōʿam*": "construct noun + proper noun - son of Abinoam", "*har-tābôr*": "construct noun + proper noun - Mount Tabor" }, "variants": { "*wa-yaggidû*": "they told/they reported/they informed", "*kî*": "that/because/when", "*ʿālâ*": "had gone up/had ascended/had climbed" } } 13 { "verseID": "Judges.4.13", "source": "וַיַּזְעֵ֨ק סִֽיסְרָ֜א אֶת־כָּל־רִכְבּ֗וֹ תְּשַׁ֤ע מֵאוֹת֙ רֶ֣כֶב בַּרְזֶ֔ל וְאֶת כָּל־הָעָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֑וֹ מֵחֲרֹ֥שֶׁת הַגּוֹיִ֖ם אֶל־נַ֥חַל קִישֽׁוֹן׃", "text": "*wa-yazʿēq sîsərāʾ ʾet-kol-rikbô təšaʿ mēʾôt rekeb barzel wə-ʾet kol-hāʿām ʾăšer ʾittô mē-ḥărōšet haggôyim ʾel-naḥal qîšôn*", "grammar": { "*wa-yazʿēq*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he summoned", "*sîsərāʾ*": "proper noun - Sisera", "*ʾet-kol-rikbô*": "direct object marker + noun + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - all his chariots", "*təšaʿ mēʾôt*": "numeral + plural noun - nine hundred", "*rekeb barzel*": "construct noun + noun - chariots of iron", "*wə-ʾet kol-hāʿām*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun + definite article + noun - and all the people", "*ʾăšer ʾittô*": "relative pronoun + preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - who were with him", "*mē-ḥărōšet haggôyim*": "preposition + proper noun - from Harosheth-hagoyim", "*ʾel-naḥal qîšôn*": "preposition + construct noun + proper noun - to the brook/wadi Kishon" }, "variants": { "*wa-yazʿēq*": "he summoned/he called/he mustered", "*rikbô*": "his chariots/his chariot forces", "*hāʿām*": "the people/the troops/the army", "*naḥal*": "brook/wadi/torrent valley" } } 14 { "verseID": "Judges.4.14", "source": "וַתֹּאמֶר֩ דְּבֹרָ֨ה אֶל־בָּרָ֜ק ק֗וּם כִּ֣י זֶ֤ה הַיּוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁר֩ נָתַ֨ן יְהוָ֤ה אֶת־סִֽיסְרָא֙ בְּיָדֶ֔ךָ הֲלֹ֥א יְהוָ֖ה יָצָ֣א לְפָנֶ֑יךָ וַיֵּ֤רֶד בָּרָק֙ מֵהַ֣ר תָּב֔וֹר וַעֲשֶׂ֧רֶת אֲלָפִ֛ים אִ֖ישׁ אַחֲרָֽיו׃", "text": "*wa-tōʾmer dəbōrâ ʾel-bārāq qûm kî zeh hayyôm ʾăšer nātan Yahweh ʾet-sîsərāʾ bəyādekā hălōʾ Yahweh yāṣāʾ ləpānêkā wa-yēred bārāq mēhar tābôr wa-ʿăśeret ʾălāpîm ʾîš ʾaḥărāyw*", "grammar": { "*wa-tōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she said", "*dəbōrâ*": "proper noun - Deborah", "*ʾel-bārāq*": "preposition + proper noun - to Barak", "*qûm*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - arise/get up", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*zeh hayyôm*": "demonstrative + definite article + noun - this is the day", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - on which/when", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - has given", "*Yahweh*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*ʾet-sîsərāʾ*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Sisera", "*bəyādekā*": "preposition + noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - into your hand", "*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - has not", "*Yahweh*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*yāṣāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - gone out", "*ləpānêkā*": "preposition + plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before you", "*wa-yēred*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he went down", "*bārāq*": "proper noun - Barak", "*mēhar tābôr*": "preposition + construct noun + proper noun - from Mount Tabor", "*wa-ʿăśeret ʾălāpîm*": "conjunction + numeral construct + plural noun - and ten thousand", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - men", "*ʾaḥărāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - after him/behind him" }, "variants": { "*qûm*": "arise/stand up/get going", "*nātan*": "has given/will give/delivers", "*yāṣāʾ*": "gone out/marched out/gone forth", "*ləpānêkā*": "before you/ahead of you", "*wa-yēred*": "went down/descended/came down" } } 15 { "verseID": "Judges.4.15", "source": "וַיָּ֣הָם יְ֠הוָה אֶת־סִֽיסְרָ֨א וְאֶת־כָּל־הָרֶ֧כֶב וְאֶת־כָּל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֛ה לְפִי־חֶ֖רֶב לִפְנֵ֣י בָרָ֑ק וַיֵּ֧רֶד סִֽיסְרָ֛א מֵעַ֥ל הַמֶּרְכָּבָ֖ה וַיָּ֥נָס בְּרַגְלָֽיו׃", "text": "*wa-yāhom Yahweh ʾet-sîsərāʾ wə-ʾet-kol-hārekeb wə-ʾet-kol-hammaḥăneh ləpî-ḥereb lipnê bārāq wa-yēred sîsərāʾ mēʿal hammerkābâ wa-yānos bəraglāyw*", "grammar": { "*wa-yāhom*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he confused/routed", "*Yahweh*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*ʾet-sîsərāʾ*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Sisera", "*wə-ʾet-kol-hārekeb*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun + definite article + noun - and all the chariots", "*wə-ʾet-kol-hammaḥăneh*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun + definite article + noun - and all the camp/army", "*ləpî-ḥereb*": "preposition + construct noun + noun - by edge of sword", "*lipnê*": "preposition + plural construct noun - before/in front of", "*bārāq*": "proper noun - Barak", "*wa-yēred*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he got down", "*sîsərāʾ*": "proper noun - Sisera", "*mēʿal*": "preposition + preposition - from upon", "*hammerkābâ*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the chariot", "*wa-yānos*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he fled", "*bəraglāyw*": "preposition + plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - on his feet" }, "variants": { "*wa-yāhom*": "confused/routed/threw into panic", "*ləpî-ḥereb*": "by edge of sword/with the sword/to the mouth of the sword", "*wa-yēred*": "got down/descended/alighted", "*wa-yānos*": "fled/ran away/escaped", "*bəraglāyw*": "on foot/on his feet" } } 16 { "verseID": "Judges.4.16", "source": "וּבָרָ֗ק רָדַ֞ף אַחֲרֵ֤י הָרֶ֙כֶב֙ וְאַחֲרֵ֣י הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה עַ֖ד חֲרֹ֣שֶׁת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וַיִּפֹּ֞ל כָּל־מַחֲנֵ֤ה סִֽיסְרָא֙ לְפִי־חֶ֔רֶב לֹ֥א נִשְׁאַ֖ר עַד־אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "And *bārāq rādap ʾaḥărê hārekeb wə-ʾaḥărê hammaḥăneh ʿad ḥărōšet haggôyim wa-yippōl kol-maḥănēh sîsərāʾ ləpî-ḥereb lōʾ nišʾar ʿad-ʾeḥād*", "grammar": { "*û-bārāq*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Barak", "*rādap*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - pursued", "*ʾaḥărê hārekeb*": "preposition + definite article + noun - after the chariots", "*wə-ʾaḥărê hammaḥăneh*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + noun - and after the camp/army", "*ʿad ḥărōšet haggôyim*": "preposition + proper noun - as far as Harosheth-hagoyim", "*wa-yippōl*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and fell", "*kol-maḥănēh sîsərāʾ*": "noun + construct noun + proper noun - all the camp/army of Sisera", "*ləpî-ḥereb*": "preposition + construct noun + noun - by edge of sword", "*lōʾ nišʾar*": "negative particle + Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - was not left/remained", "*ʿad-ʾeḥād*": "preposition + numeral - even one" }, "variants": { "*rādap*": "pursued/chased/followed", "*wa-yippōl*": "fell/was struck down", "*ləpî-ḥereb*": "by edge of sword/by the sword/to the mouth of the sword", "*nišʾar*": "was left/remained/survived" } } 17 { "verseID": "Judges.4.17", "source": "וְסִֽיסְרָא֙ נָ֣ס בְּרַגְלָ֔יו אֶל־אֹ֣הֶל יָעֵ֔ל אֵ֖שֶּׁת חֶ֣בֶר הַקֵּינִ֑י כִּ֣י שָׁל֗וֹם בֵּ֚ין יָבִ֣ין מֶֽלֶךְ־חָצ֔וֹר וּבֵ֕ין בֵּ֖ית חֶ֥בֶר הַקֵּינִֽי׃", "text": "And *sîsərāʾ nās bəraglāyw ʾel-ʾōhel yāʿēl ʾēšet ḥeber haqqênî kî šālôm bên yābîn melek-ḥāṣôr û-bên bêt ḥeber haqqênî*", "grammar": { "*wə-sîsərāʾ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Sisera", "*nās*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - fled", "*bəraglāyw*": "preposition + plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - on his feet", "*ʾel-ʾōhel*": "preposition + noun - to the tent of", "*yāʿēl*": "proper noun - Jael", "*ʾēšet*": "construct noun - wife of", "*ḥeber*": "proper noun - Heber", "*haqqênî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective - the Kenite", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*šālôm*": "noun - peace/friendly relations", "*bên*": "preposition - between", "*yābîn*": "proper noun - Jabin", "*melek-ḥāṣôr*": "construct noun + proper noun - king of Hazor", "*û-bên*": "conjunction + preposition - and between", "*bêt*": "construct noun - house of", "*ḥeber*": "proper noun - Heber", "*haqqênî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective - the Kenite" }, "variants": { "*nās*": "fled/escaped/ran away", "*bəraglāyw*": "on foot/on his feet", "*šālôm*": "peace/friendly relations/alliance", "*bêt*": "house/household/family" } } 18 { "verseID": "Judges.4.18", "source": "וַתֵּצֵ֣א יָעֵל֮ לִקְרַ֣את סִֽיסְרָא֒ וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֗יו סוּרָ֧ה אֲדֹנִ֛י סוּרָ֥ה אֵלַ֖י אַל־תִּירָ֑א וַיָּ֤סַר אֵלֶ֙יהָ֙ הָאֹ֔הֱלָה וַתְּכַסֵּ֖הוּ בַּשְּׂמִיכָֽה׃", "text": "*wa-tēṣēʾ yāʿēl liqraʾt sîsərāʾ wa-tōʾmer ʾēlāyw sûrâ ʾădōnî sûrâ ʾēlay ʾal-tîrāʾ wa-yāsar ʾēlêhā hāʾōhĕlâ wa-təkassēhû baśśəmîkâ*", "grammar": { "*wa-tēṣēʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she came out", "*yāʿēl*": "proper noun - Jael", "*liqraʾt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to meet", "*sîsərāʾ*": "proper noun - Sisera", "*wa-tōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she said", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*sûrâ*": "Qal imperative masculine singular + paragogic heh - turn aside", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun + 1st person singular suffix - my lord", "*sûrâ*": "Qal imperative masculine singular + paragogic heh - turn aside", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*ʾal-tîrāʾ*": "negative particle + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular jussive - do not fear", "*wa-yāsar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he turned aside", "*ʾēlêhā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to her", "*hāʾōhĕlâ*": "definite article + noun + directional heh - into the tent", "*wa-təkassēhû*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 3rd person feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and she covered him", "*baśśəmîkâ*": "preposition + definite article + noun - with the blanket/coverlet" }, "variants": { "*wa-tēṣēʾ*": "came out/went out", "*liqraʾt*": "to meet/to encounter", "*sûrâ*": "turn aside/turn in", "*ʾal-tîrāʾ*": "do not fear/do not be afraid", "*wa-yāsar*": "he turned aside/he turned in", "*wa-təkassēhû*": "she covered him/she concealed him", "*baśśəmîkâ*": "with the blanket/with the rug/with the coverlet" } } 19 { "verseID": "Judges.4.19", "source": "וַיֹּ֧אמֶר אֵלֶ֛יהָ הַשְׁקִינִי־נָ֥א מְעַט־מַ֖יִם כִּ֣י צָמֵ֑אתִי וַתִּפְתַּ֞ח אֶת־נֹ֧אוד הֶחָלָ֛ב וַתַּשְׁקֵ֖הוּ וַתְּכַסֵּֽהוּ׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer ʾēlêhā hašqînî-nāʾ məʿaṭ-mayim kî ṣāmēʾtî wa-tiptaḥ ʾet-nōʾwd heḥālāb wa-tašqēhû wa-təkassēhû*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾēlêhā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to her", "*hašqînî*": "Hiphil imperative feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - give me to drink", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*məʿaṭ-mayim*": "construct adjective + noun - a little water", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*ṣāmēʾtî*": "Qal perfect 1st person singular - I am thirsty", "*wa-tiptaḥ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she opened", "*ʾet-nōʾwd*": "direct object marker + noun - the skin/bottle of", "*heḥālāb*": "definite article + noun - the milk", "*wa-tašqēhû*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and she gave him drink", "*wa-təkassēhû*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 3rd person feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and she covered him" }, "variants": { "*hašqînî*": "give me to drink/let me drink", "*məʿaṭ*": "little/small amount", "*ṣāmēʾtî*": "I am thirsty/I thirst", "*nōʾwd*": "skin/bottle/container", "*ḥālāb*": "milk/curds", "*wa-tašqēhû*": "she gave him drink/she allowed him to drink" } } 20 { "verseID": "Judges.4.20", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלֶ֔יהָ עֲמֹ֖ד פֶּ֣תַח הָאֹ֑הֶל וְהָיָה֩ אִם־אִ֨ישׁ יָב֜וֹא וּשְׁאֵלֵ֗ךְ וְאָמַ֛ר הֲיֵֽשׁ־פֹּ֥ה אִ֖ישׁ וְאָמַ֥רְתְּ אָֽיִן׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer ʾēlêhā ʿămōd petaḥ hāʾōhel wə-hāyâ ʾim-ʾîš yābôʾ û-šəʾēlēk wə-ʾāmar hăyēš-pōh ʾîš wə-ʾāmart ʾāyin*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾēlêhā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to her", "*ʿămōd*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - stand", "*petaḥ*": "construct noun - entrance of", "*hāʾōhel*": "definite article + noun - the tent", "*wə-hāyâ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*ʾim-ʾîš*": "conditional particle + noun - if anyone/if a man", "*yābôʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - comes", "*û-šəʾēlēk*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - and asks you", "*wə-ʾāmar*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and says", "*hăyēš-pōh*": "interrogative particle + existential particle + adverb - is there here", "*ʾîš*": "noun - a man/anyone", "*wə-ʾāmart*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person feminine singular - and you shall say", "*ʾāyin*": "negative adverb - no/there is not" }, "variants": { "*ʿămōd*": "stand/position yourself", "*petaḥ*": "entrance/doorway/opening", "*wə-hāyâ*": "and it will be/and it shall happen", "*yābôʾ*": "comes/arrives", "*û-šəʾēlēk*": "asks you/inquires of you", "*hăyēš*": "is there/exists there", "*ʾāyin*": "no/none/there is not" } } 21 { "verseID": "Judges.4.21", "source": "וַתִּקַּ֣ח יָעֵ֣ל אֵֽשֶׁת־חֶ֠בֶר אֶת־יְתַ֨ד הָאֹ֜הֶל וַתָּ֧שֶׂם אֶת־הַמַּקֶּ֣בֶת בְּיָדָ֗הּ וַתָּב֤וֹא אֵלָיו֙ בַּלָּ֔אט וַתִּתְקַ֤ע אֶת־הַיָּתֵד֙ בְּרַקָּת֔וֹ וַתִּצְנַ֖ח בָּאָ֑רֶץ וְהֽוּא־נִרְדָּ֥ם וַיָּ֖עַף וַיָּמֹֽת׃", "text": "*wa-tiqqaḥ yāʿēl ʾēšet-ḥeber ʾet-yətad hāʾōhel wa-tāśem ʾet-hammaqqebet bəyādāh wa-tābôʾ ʾēlāyw ballāʾṭ wa-titqaʿ ʾet-hayyātēd bəraqqātô wa-tiṣnaḥ bāʾāreṣ wə-hûʾ-nirdām wa-yāʿap wa-yāmōt*", "grammar": { "*wa-tiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she took", "*yāʿēl*": "proper noun - Jael", "*ʾēšet-ḥeber*": "construct noun + proper noun - wife of Heber", "*ʾet-yətad*": "direct object marker + noun - the tent peg", "*hāʾōhel*": "definite article + noun - the tent", "*wa-tāśem*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she put/placed", "*ʾet-hammaqqebet*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun - the hammer", "*bəyādāh*": "preposition + noun + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in her hand", "*wa-tābôʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she came", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ballāʾṭ*": "preposition + definite article + noun - quietly/secretly", "*wa-titqaʿ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she drove", "*ʾet-hayyātēd*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun - the peg", "*bəraqqātô*": "preposition + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his temple", "*wa-tiṣnaḥ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and it went down", "*bāʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun - into the ground", "*wə-hûʾ-nirdām*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun + Niphal participle masculine singular - and he was in deep sleep", "*wa-yāʿap*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he was exhausted", "*wa-yāmōt*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he died" }, "variants": { "*wa-tiqqaḥ*": "she took/she seized", "*yətad*": "tent peg/pin", "*maqqebet*": "hammer/mallet", "*ballāʾṭ*": "quietly/secretly/stealthily", "*wa-titqaʿ*": "she drove/she hammered/she thrust", "*raqqâ*": "temple (of head)", "*wa-tiṣnaḥ*": "it went down/it penetrated", "*nirdām*": "in deep sleep/fast asleep", "*wa-yāʿap*": "was exhausted/was weary/was faint", "*wa-yāmōt*": "he died/he perished" } } 22 { "verseID": "Judges.4.22", "source": "וְהִנֵּ֣ה בָרָק֮ רֹדֵ֣ף אֶת־סִֽיסְרָא֒ וַתֵּצֵ֤א יָעֵל֙ לִקְרָאת֔וֹ וַתֹּ֣אמֶר ל֔וֹ לֵ֣ךְ וְאַרְאֶ֔ךָּ אֶת־הָאִ֖ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֣ה מְבַקֵּ֑שׁ וַיָּבֹ֣א אֵלֶ֔יהָ וְהִנֵּ֤ה סִֽיסְרָא֙ נֹפֵ֣ל מֵ֔ת וְהַיָּתֵ֖ד בְּרַקָּתֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *hinnēh bārāq rōdēp ʾet-sîsərāʾ wa-tēṣēʾ yāʿēl liqrāʾtô wa-tōʾmer lô lēk wə-ʾarʾekkā ʾet-hāʾîš ʾăšer-ʾattâ məbaqqēš wa-yābōʾ ʾēlêhā wə-hinnēh sîsərāʾ nōpēl mēt wə-hayyātēd bəraqqātô*", "grammar": { "*wə-hinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*bārāq*": "proper noun - Barak", "*rōdēp*": "Qal participle masculine singular - pursuing", "*ʾet-sîsərāʾ*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Sisera", "*wa-tēṣēʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she went out", "*yāʿēl*": "proper noun - Jael", "*liqrāʾtô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to meet him", "*wa-tōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she said", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*lēk*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - go/come", "*wə-ʾarʾekkā*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and I will show you", "*ʾet-hāʾîš*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun - the man", "*ʾăšer-ʾattâ*": "relative pronoun + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - whom you", "*məbaqqēš*": "Piel participle masculine singular - seeking", "*wa-yābōʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he came", "*ʾēlêhā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to her", "*wə-hinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*sîsərāʾ*": "proper noun - Sisera", "*nōpēl*": "Qal participle masculine singular - lying", "*mēt*": "Qal participle masculine singular - dead", "*wə-hayyātēd*": "conjunction + definite article + noun - and the peg", "*bəraqqātô*": "preposition + noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his temple" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh*": "behold/look", "*rōdēp*": "pursuing/chasing", "*liqrāʾtô*": "to meet him/to encounter him", "*lēk*": "go/come", "*wə-ʾarʾekkā*": "I will show you/I will let you see", "*məbaqqēš*": "seeking/looking for", "*nōpēl*": "lying/fallen", "*mēt*": "dead/having died" } } 23 { "verseID": "Judges.4.23", "source": "וַיַּכְנַ֤ע אֱלֹהִים֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא אֵ֖ת יָבִ֣ין מֶֽלֶךְ־כְּנָ֑עַן לִפְנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wa-yaknaʿ ʾĕlōhîm bayyôm hahûʾ ʾēt yābîn melek-kənaʿan lipnê bənê yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wa-yaknaʿ*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he subdued", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun - God", "*bayyôm hahûʾ*": "preposition + definite article + noun + definite article + demonstrative pronoun - on that day", "*ʾēt yābîn*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Jabin", "*melek-kənaʿan*": "construct noun + proper noun - king of Canaan", "*lipnê*": "preposition + plural construct noun - before", "*bənê yiśrāʾēl*": "construct plural noun + proper noun - children of Israel" }, "variants": { "*wa-yaknaʿ*": "subdued/humbled/brought down", "*bayyôm hahûʾ*": "on that day/at that time", "*lipnê*": "before/in the presence of" } } 24 { "verseID": "Judges.4.24", "source": "וַתֵּ֜לֶךְ יַ֤ד בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ הָל֣וֹךְ וְקָשָׁ֔ה עַ֖ל יָבִ֣ין מֶֽלֶךְ־כְּנָ֑עַן עַ֚ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִכְרִ֔יתוּ אֵ֖ת יָבִ֥ין מֶֽלֶךְ־כְּנָֽעַן׃ פ", "text": "*wa-tēlek yad bənê-yiśrāʾēl hālôk wə-qāšâ ʿal yābîn melek-kənaʿan ʿad ʾăšer hikrîtû ʾēt yābîn melek-kənaʿan*", "grammar": { "*wa-tēlek*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and went", "*yad*": "construct noun - hand of", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct plural noun + proper noun - children of Israel", "*hālôk*": "Qal infinitive absolute - going", "*wə-qāšâ*": "conjunction + adjective feminine singular - and hard/severe", "*ʿal*": "preposition - against", "*yābîn*": "proper noun - Jabin", "*melek-kənaʿan*": "construct noun + proper noun - king of Canaan", "*ʿad ʾăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - until", "*hikrîtû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural - they destroyed", "*ʾēt yābîn*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Jabin", "*melek-kənaʿan*": "construct noun + proper noun - king of Canaan" }, "variants": { "*wa-tēlek*": "went/proceeded", "*yad*": "hand/power", "*hālôk wə-qāšâ*": "increasingly hard/growing more severe/continued to be harsh", "*hikrîtû*": "they destroyed/they cut off/they eliminated" } } 1 { "verseID": "Judges.5.1", "source": "וַתָּ֣שַׁר דְּבוֹרָ֔ה וּבָרָ֖ק בֶּן־אֲבִינֹ֑עַם בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "And *shir* *Deborah* and *Barak* son-of-*Abinoam* in-the-day the-that *lemor*", "grammar": { "וַתָּ֣שַׁר": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she sang", "*Deborah*": "proper name, feminine", "וּבָרָ֖ק": "waw conjunction + proper name, masculine", "בֶּן־אֲבִינֹ֑עַם": "construct relationship - son of Abinoam", "בַּיּ֥וֹם": "preposition ב + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the day", "הַה֖וּא": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*lemor*": "preposition ל + Qal infinitive construct - to say/saying" }, "variants": { "*shir*": "to sing/sang/chanted", "*lemor*": "saying/to say/to declare" } } 2 { "verseID": "Judges.5.2", "source": "בִּפְרֹ֤עַ פְּרָעוֹת֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בְּהִתְנַדֵּ֖ב עָ֑ם בָּרֲכ֖וּ יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "In-*para* *peraot* in-*Israel* in-*nadab* people, *barak* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "בִּפְרֹ֤עַ": "preposition ב + Qal infinitive construct - in loosening/leading", "*peraot*": "noun, feminine plural - leaders/long hair/loosening", "בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל": "preposition ב + proper name - in Israel", "בְּהִתְנַדֵּ֖ב": "preposition ב + Hithpael infinitive construct - in volunteering/offering oneself", "עָ֑ם": "noun, masculine singular - people", "בָּרֲכ֖וּ": "Piel imperative, masculine plural - bless!", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*para*": "to loosen/lead/let loose hair", "*peraot*": "leaders/those with long hair/acts of leadership", "*nadab*": "to volunteer/offer willingly/dedicate oneself", "*barak*": "bless/praise/kneel" } } 3 { "verseID": "Judges.5.3", "source": "שִׁמְע֣וּ מְלָכִ֔ים הַאֲזִ֖ינוּ רֹֽזְנִ֑ים אֽ͏ָנֹכִ֗י לַֽיהוָה֙ אָנֹכִ֣י אָשִׁ֔ירָה אֲזַמֵּ֕ר לַֽיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*Shama* kings, *azan* rulers; I to-*YHWH*, I *shir*, I-will-*zamar* to-*YHWH* *Elohim* of-*Israel*", "grammar": { "*Shama*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - hear!", "מְלָכִ֔ים": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*azan*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine plural - give ear!/listen!", "רֹֽזְנִ֑ים": "noun, masculine plural - rulers/dignitaries", "אֽ͏ָנֹכִ֗י": "personal pronoun, 1st singular - I", "לַֽיהוָה֙": "preposition ל + divine name - to YHWH", "אָשִׁ֔ירָה": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will sing", "אֲזַמֵּ֕ר": "Piel imperfect, 1st singular - I will sing praise/make music", "אֱלֹהֵ֥י": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "יִשְׂרָאֵֽל": "proper name - Israel" }, "variants": { "*Shama*": "hear/listen/obey", "*azan*": "give ear/listen attentively/pay attention", "*shir*": "sing/chant/compose music", "*zamar*": "sing praise/make music/play instrument", "*Elohim*": "God/gods/divine beings" } } 4 { "verseID": "Judges.5.4", "source": "יְהוָ֗ה בְּצֵאתְךָ֤ מִשֵּׂעִיר֙ בְּצַעְדְּךָ֙ מִשְּׂדֵ֣ה אֱד֔וֹם אֶ֣רֶץ רָעָ֔שָׁה גַּם־שָׁמַ֖יִם נָטָ֑פוּ גַּם־עָבִ֖ים נָ֥טְפוּ מָֽיִם׃", "text": "*YHWH*, in-your-going-out from-*Seir*, in-your-marching from-field-of *Edom*, earth *raash*, also heavens *nataph*, also clouds *nataph* water", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name", "בְּצֵאתְךָ֤": "preposition ב + Qal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your going out", "מִשֵּׂעִיר֙": "preposition מן + proper name - from Seir", "בְּצַעְדְּךָ֙": "preposition ב + Qal infinitive construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your marching", "מִשְּׂדֵ֣ה": "preposition מן + construct form - from field of", "אֱד֔וֹם": "proper name - Edom", "אֶ֣רֶץ": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "רָעָ֔שָׁה": "Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - trembled/quaked", "גַּם־שָׁמַ֖יִם": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - also heavens", "נָטָ֑פוּ": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - dripped/dropped", "גַּם־עָבִ֖ים": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - also clouds", "נָ֥טְפוּ": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - dripped/dropped", "מָֽיִם": "noun, masculine plural - water" }, "variants": { "*raash*": "quake/tremble/shake", "*nataph*": "drip/drop/flow" } } 5 { "verseID": "Judges.5.5", "source": "הָרִ֥ים נָזְל֖וּ מִפְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה זֶ֣ה סִינַ֔י מִפְּנֵ֕י יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "Mountains *nazal* from-presence-of *YHWH*, this *Sinai* from-presence-of *YHWH* *Elohim* of-*Israel*", "grammar": { "הָרִ֥ים": "noun, masculine plural - mountains", "*nazal*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - flowed/melted/streamed down", "מִפְּנֵ֣י": "preposition מן + construct form - from presence of/before", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "זֶ֣ה": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*Sinai*": "proper name - Sinai", "מִפְּנֵ֕י": "preposition מן + construct form - from presence of/before", "*Elohim*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "יִשְׂרָאֵֽל": "proper name - Israel" }, "variants": { "*nazal*": "flow/melt/stream down", "*Elohim*": "God/gods/divine beings" } } 6 { "verseID": "Judges.5.6", "source": "בִּימֵ֞י שַׁמְגַּ֤ר בֶּן־עֲנָת֙ בִּימֵ֣י יָעֵ֔ל חָדְל֖וּ אֳרָח֑וֹת וְהֹלְכֵ֣י נְתִיב֔וֹת יֵלְכ֕וּ אֳרָח֖וֹת עֲקַלְקַלּֽוֹת׃", "text": "In-days-of *Shamgar* son-of-*Anath*, in-days-of *Yael*, *chadal* paths, and-walkers-of pathways *halak* paths crooked", "grammar": { "בִּימֵ֞י": "preposition ב + construct form - in days of", "*Shamgar*": "proper name, masculine", "בֶּן־עֲנָת֙": "construct relationship - son of Anath", "בִּימֵ֣י": "preposition ב + construct form - in days of", "*Yael*": "proper name, feminine", "*chadal*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - ceased/abandoned", "אֳרָח֑וֹת": "noun, feminine plural - roads/paths", "וְהֹלְכֵ֣י": "waw conjunction + Qal participle, masculine plural construct - and walkers of", "נְתִיב֔וֹת": "noun, feminine plural - pathways/trails", "*halak*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - would walk/go", "אֳרָח֖וֹת": "noun, feminine plural - roads/paths", "עֲקַלְקַלּֽוֹת": "adjective, feminine plural - crooked/winding" }, "variants": { "*chadal*": "cease/abandon/desist", "*halak*": "walk/go/travel" } } 7 { "verseID": "Judges.5.7", "source": "חָדְל֧וּ פְרָז֛וֹן בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל חָדֵ֑לּוּ עַ֤ד שַׁקַּ֙מְתִּי֙ דְּבוֹרָ֔ה שַׁקַּ֥מְתִּי אֵ֖ם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*Chadal* *perazon* in-*Israel* *chadelu* until that-*qum*-I, *Deborah*, that-*qum*-I mother in-*Israel*", "grammar": { "*Chadal*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - ceased/failed", "*perazon*": "noun, masculine singular - rural leadership/village life", "בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל": "preposition ב + proper name - in Israel", "*chadelu*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - ceased/failed", "עַ֤ד": "preposition - until", "שַׁקַּ֙מְתִּי֙": "relative particle + Qal perfect, 1st singular - that I arose", "*Deborah*": "proper name, feminine", "שַׁקַּ֥מְתִּי": "relative particle + Qal perfect, 1st singular - that I arose", "אֵ֖ם": "noun, feminine singular - mother", "בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל": "preposition ב + proper name - in Israel" }, "variants": { "*chadal*": "cease/fail/desist", "*perazon*": "rural leadership/village life/unwalled settlements", "*qum*": "arise/stand up/establish" } } 8 { "verseID": "Judges.5.8", "source": "יִבְחַר֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים חֲדָשִׁ֔ים אָ֖ז לָחֶ֣ם שְׁעָרִ֑ים מָגֵ֤ן אִם־יֵֽרָאֶה֙ וָרֹ֔מַח בְּאַרְבָּעִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*Bachar* *Elohim* new-ones, then war gates; shield if-*raah* and-spear among-forty thousand in-*Israel*", "grammar": { "*Bachar*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will choose/chose", "*Elohim*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods", "חֲדָשִׁ֔ים": "adjective, masculine plural - new ones", "אָ֖ז": "adverb - then", "לָחֶ֣ם": "noun, masculine singular - battle/war/bread", "שְׁעָרִ֑ים": "noun, masculine plural - gates", "מָגֵ֤ן": "noun, masculine singular - shield", "אִם־יֵֽרָאֶה֙": "particle + Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - if it was seen", "וָרֹ֔מַח": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and spear", "בְּאַרְבָּעִ֥ים": "preposition ב + number - among forty", "אֶ֖לֶף": "noun, masculine singular - thousand", "בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל": "preposition ב + proper name - in Israel" }, "variants": { "*bachar*": "choose/select/elect", "*Elohim*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*raah*": "see/appear/be visible", "לָחֶ֣ם": "war/battle/bread/food" } } 9 { "verseID": "Judges.5.9", "source": "לִבִּי֙ לְחוֹקְקֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הַמִּֽתְנַדְּבִ֖ים בָּעָ֑ם בָּרֲכ֖וּ יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "My-heart to-*choqeq*-of *Israel*, the-ones-*nadab* among-the-people; *barak* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "לִבִּי֙": "noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - my heart", "לְחוֹקְקֵ֣י": "preposition ל + Poel participle, masculine plural construct - to/for commanders of", "יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל": "proper name - Israel", "הַמִּֽתְנַדְּבִ֖ים": "definite article + Hithpael participle, masculine plural - the ones volunteering", "בָּעָ֑ם": "preposition ב + definite article + noun, masculine singular - among the people", "*barak*": "Piel imperative, masculine plural - bless!", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*choqeq*": "commander/lawgiver/ruler", "*nadab*": "volunteer/offer willingly/dedicate oneself", "*barak*": "bless/praise/kneel" } } 10 { "verseID": "Judges.5.10", "source": "רֹכְבֵי֩ אֲתֹנ֨וֹת צְחֹר֜וֹת יֹשְׁבֵ֧י עַל־מִדִּ֛ין וְהֹלְכֵ֥י עַל־דֶּ֖רֶךְ שִֽׂיחוּ׃", "text": "Riders-of donkeys white, sitters on-*middin*, and-walkers on-way, *siach*", "grammar": { "רֹכְבֵי֩": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - riders of", "אֲתֹנ֨וֹת": "noun, feminine plural - female donkeys", "צְחֹר֜וֹת": "adjective, feminine plural - white/shining", "יֹשְׁבֵ֧י": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - sitters/dwellers of", "עַל־מִדִּ֛ין": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - on carpet/garment/judgment", "וְהֹלְכֵ֥י": "waw conjunction + Qal participle, masculine plural construct - and walkers of", "עַל־דֶּ֖רֶךְ": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - on way/road", "*siach*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - speak!/meditate!" }, "variants": { "*middin*": "carpet/rich garment/seat of judgment", "*siach*": "speak/meditate/consider/declare" } } 11 { "verseID": "Judges.5.11", "source": "מִקּ֣וֹל מְחַֽצְצִ֗ים בֵּ֚ין מַשְׁאַבִּ֔ים שָׁ֤ם יְתַנּוּ֙ צִדְק֣וֹת יְהוָ֔ה צִדְקֹ֥ת פִּרְזֹנ֖וֹ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אָ֛ז יָרְד֥וּ לַשְּׁעָרִ֖ים עַם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "From-voice-of *chatsats*-ers between water-drawers, there they-*natan* *tsedaqot* of-*YHWH*, *tsedaqot* of-his-*perazon* in-*Israel*; then they-went-down to-the-gates people-of-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "מִקּ֣וֹל": "preposition מן + noun, masculine singular construct - from voice of", "*chatsats*-ers": "Piel participle, masculine plural - those dividing/archers", "בֵּ֚ין": "preposition - between", "מַשְׁאַבִּ֔ים": "noun, masculine plural - water-drawing places", "שָׁ֤ם": "adverb - there", "יְתַנּוּ֙": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will recount/give", "*tsedaqot*": "noun, feminine plural construct - righteous acts of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*tsedaqot*": "noun, feminine plural construct - righteous acts of", "פִּרְזֹנ֖וֹ": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his rural leadership", "בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל": "preposition ב + proper name - in Israel", "אָ֛ז": "adverb - then", "יָרְד֥וּ": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they went down", "לַשְּׁעָרִ֖ים": "preposition ל + definite article + noun, masculine plural - to the gates", "עַם־יְהוָֽה": "noun, masculine singular construct + divine name - people of YHWH" }, "variants": { "*chatsats*": "divide/shoot arrows/distribute", "*natan*": "give/recount/tell", "*tsedaqot*": "righteous acts/victories/rightful deeds", "*perazon*": "rural leadership/village life/unwalled settlements" } } 12 { "verseID": "Judges.5.12", "source": "עוּרִ֤י עוּרִי֙ דְּבוֹרָ֔ה ע֥וּרִי ע֖וּרִי דַּבְּרִי־שִׁ֑יר ק֥וּם בָּרָ֛ק וּֽשֲׁבֵ֥ה שֶׁבְיְךָ֖ בֶּן־אֲבִינֹֽעַם׃", "text": "*Ur* *ur* *Deborah*, *ur* *ur* *dabar*-song; *qum* *Barak* and-*shabah* your-captives, son-of-*Abinoam*", "grammar": { "*Ur*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - awake!", "*ur*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - awake!", "*Deborah*": "proper name, feminine", "*ur*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - awake!", "*ur*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - awake!", "*dabar*-song": "Piel imperative, feminine singular + noun - speak/utter a song!", "*qum*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - arise!", "*Barak*": "proper name, masculine", "וּֽשֲׁבֵ֥ה": "waw conjunction + Qal imperative, masculine singular - and take captive!", "שֶׁבְיְךָ֖": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your captives", "בֶּן־אֲבִינֹֽעַם": "construct relationship - son of Abinoam" }, "variants": { "*ur*": "awake/rouse oneself/stir up", "*dabar*": "speak/declare/utter", "*qum*": "arise/stand up/establish", "*shabah*": "take captive/lead away/hold prisoner" } } 13 { "verseID": "Judges.5.13", "source": "אָ֚ז יְרַ֣ד שָׂרִ֔יד לְאַדִּירִ֖ים עָ֑ם יְהוָ֕ה יְרַד־לִ֖י בַּגִּבּוֹרִֽים׃", "text": "Then came-down *sarid* to-*addirim* people; *YHWH* came-down to-me against-the-*gibborim*", "grammar": { "אָ֚ז": "adverb - then", "יְרַ֣ד": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came down/descended", "*sarid*": "noun, masculine singular - survivor/remnant", "לְאַדִּירִ֖ים": "preposition ל + adjective, masculine plural - to/against the mighty ones", "עָ֑ם": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "יְרַד־לִ֖י": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition ל + 1st singular suffix - came down for me", "בַּגִּבּוֹרִֽים": "preposition ב + definite article + adjective, masculine plural - against the mighty ones" }, "variants": { "*sarid*": "survivor/remnant/one who remains", "*addirim*": "mighty ones/nobles/majestic ones", "*gibborim*": "mighty ones/warriors/heroes" } } 14 { "verseID": "Judges.5.14", "source": "מִנִּ֣י אֶפְרַ֗יִם שָׁרְשָׁם֙ בַּעֲמָלֵ֔ק אַחֲרֶ֥יךָ בִנְיָמִ֖ין בּֽ͏ַעֲמָמֶ֑יךָ מִנִּ֣י מָכִ֗יר יָֽרְדוּ֙ מְחֹ֣קְקִ֔ים וּמִ֨זְּבוּלֻ֔ן מֹשְׁכִ֖ים בְּשֵׁ֥בֶט סֹפֵֽר׃", "text": "From *Ephraim* their-*shoresh* in-*Amalek* after-you *Benjamin* among-your-peoples; from *Machir* came-down *choqeq*-s and-from-*Zebulun* those-drawing with-staff-of *sopher*", "grammar": { "מִנִּ֣י": "preposition - from", "*Ephraim*": "proper name - Ephraim", "שָׁרְשָׁם֙": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their root", "בַּעֲמָלֵ֔ק": "preposition ב + proper name - in Amalek", "אַחֲרֶ֥יךָ": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - after you", "*Benjamin*": "proper name - Benjamin", "בּֽ͏ַעֲמָמֶ֑יךָ": "preposition ב + noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - among your peoples", "מִנִּ֣י": "preposition - from", "*Machir*": "proper name - Machir", "יָֽרְדוּ֙": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - came down/descended", "*choqeq*-s": "Poel participle, masculine plural - commanders/rulers", "וּמִ֨זְּבוּלֻ֔ן": "waw conjunction + preposition מן + proper name - and from Zebulun", "מֹשְׁכִ֖ים": "Qal participle, masculine plural - those drawing/wielding/handling", "בְּשֵׁ֥בֶט": "preposition ב + noun, masculine singular construct - with staff of", "*sopher*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - scribe/writer" }, "variants": { "*shoresh*": "root/source/foundation", "*choqeq*": "commander/lawgiver/ruler", "*sopher*": "scribe/writer/secretary" } } 15 { "verseID": "Judges.5.15", "source": "וְשָׂרַ֤י בְּיִשָּׂשכָר֙ עִם־דְּבֹרָ֔ה וְיִשָּׂשכָר֙ כֵּ֣ן בָּרָ֔ק בָּעֵ֖מֶק שֻׁלַּ֣ח בְּרַגְלָ֑יו בִּפְלַגּ֣וֹת רְאוּבֵ֔ן גְּדֹלִ֖ים חִקְקֵי־לֵֽב׃", "text": "And-princes in-*Issachar* with-*Deborah*, and-*Issachar* so *Barak* into-the-valley *shalach* at-his-feet; in-divisions-of *Reuben* great *cheqeq*-of-heart", "grammar": { "וְשָׂרַ֤י": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and princes of", "בְּיִשָּׂשכָר֙": "preposition ב + proper name - in Issachar", "עִם־דְּבֹרָ֔ה": "preposition + proper name - with Deborah", "וְיִשָּׂשכָר֙": "waw conjunction + proper name - and Issachar", "כֵּ֣ן": "adverb - so/thus", "*Barak*": "proper name - Barak", "בָּעֵ֖מֶק": "preposition ב + definite article + noun, masculine singular - into the valley", "*shalach*": "Pual perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was sent", "בְּרַגְלָ֑יו": "preposition ב + noun, feminine dual + 3rd masculine singular suffix - at his feet", "בִּפְלַגּ֣וֹת": "preposition ב + noun, feminine plural construct - in divisions of", "*Reuben*": "proper name - Reuben", "גְּדֹלִ֖ים": "adjective, masculine plural - great", "חִקְקֵי־לֵֽב": "noun, masculine plural construct + noun - searchings of heart" }, "variants": { "*shalach*": "send/let go/stretch out", "*cheqeq*": "decree/resolution/searching" } } 16 { "verseID": "Judges.5.16", "source": "לָ֣מָּה יָשַׁ֗בְתָּ בֵּ֚ין הַֽמִּשְׁפְּתַ֔יִם לִשְׁמֹ֖עַ שְׁרִק֣וֹת עֲדָרִ֑ים לִפְלַגּ֣וֹת רְאוּבֵ֔ן גְּדוֹלִ֖ים חִקְרֵי־לֵֽב׃", "text": "Why you-*yashab* between the-*mishpetayim* to-hear whistlings of-flocks? For-divisions-of *Reuben* great *cheqer*-of-heart", "grammar": { "לָ֣מָּה": "interrogative - why", "יָשַׁ֗בְתָּ": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you sat/remained/dwelled", "בֵּ֚ין": "preposition - between", "הַֽמִּשְׁפְּתַ֔יִם": "definite article + noun, masculine dual - the sheepfolds/saddlebags", "לִשְׁמֹ֖עַ": "preposition ל + Qal infinitive construct - to hear", "שְׁרִק֣וֹת": "noun, feminine plural construct - whistlings of", "עֲדָרִ֑ים": "noun, masculine plural - flocks", "לִפְלַגּ֣וֹת": "preposition ל + noun, feminine plural construct - for divisions of", "*Reuben*": "proper name - Reuben", "גְּדוֹלִ֖ים": "adjective, masculine plural - great", "חִקְרֵי־לֵֽב": "noun, masculine plural construct + noun - searchings of heart" }, "variants": { "*yashab*": "sit/dwell/remain", "*mishpetayim*": "sheepfolds/saddlebags/campfires", "*cheqer*": "searching/investigation/examination" } } 17 { "verseID": "Judges.5.17", "source": "גִּלְעָ֗ד בְּעֵ֤בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ שָׁכֵ֔ן וְדָ֕ן לָ֥מָּה יָג֖וּר אֳנִיּ֑וֹת אָשֵׁ֗ר יָשַׁב֙ לְח֣וֹף יַמִּ֔ים וְעַ֥ל מִפְרָצָ֖יו יִשְׁכּֽוֹן׃", "text": "*Gilead* in-*eber* the-*Jordan* *shaken*, and-*Dan* why he-*gur* ships? *Asher* *yashab* to-shore of-seas, and-on his-harbors he-will-*shaken*", "grammar": { "*Gilead*": "proper name - Gilead", "בְּעֵ֤בֶר": "preposition ב + noun, masculine singular construct - in the region beyond", "הַיַּרְדֵּן֙": "definite article + proper name - the Jordan", "*shaken*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - dwelled/settled", "וְדָ֕ן": "waw conjunction + proper name - and Dan", "לָ֥מָּה": "interrogative - why", "יָג֖וּר": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will dwell/sojourn/fear", "אֳנִיּ֑וֹת": "noun, feminine plural - ships", "*Asher*": "proper name - Asher", "*yashab*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - sat/remained/dwelled", "לְח֣וֹף": "preposition ל + noun, masculine singular construct - at coast of", "יַמִּ֔ים": "noun, masculine plural - seas", "וְעַ֥ל": "waw conjunction + preposition - and on", "מִפְרָצָ֖יו": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his harbors/landing places", "יִשְׁכּֽוֹן": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will dwell/settle" }, "variants": { "*eber*": "region beyond/opposite side", "*shaken*": "dwell/settle/abide", "*gur*": "sojourn/dwell temporarily/fear/gather", "*yashab*": "sit/dwell/remain" } } 18 { "verseID": "Judges.5.18", "source": "זְבֻל֗וּן עַ֣ם חֵרֵ֥ף נַפְשׁ֛וֹ לָמ֖וּת וְנַפְתָּלִ֑י עַ֖ל מְרוֹמֵ֥י שָׂדֶֽה׃", "text": "*Zebulun* people *charaph* his-soul to-die, and-*Naphtali* on heights-of field", "grammar": { "*Zebulun*": "proper name - Zebulun", "עַ֣ם": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*charaph*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - scorned/defied/reproached", "נַפְשׁ֛וֹ": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his soul/life", "לָמ֖וּת": "preposition ל + Qal infinitive construct - to die", "וְנַפְתָּלִ֑י": "waw conjunction + proper name - and Naphtali", "עַ֖ל": "preposition - on", "מְרוֹמֵ֥י": "noun, masculine plural construct - heights of", "שָׂדֶֽה": "noun, masculine singular - field" }, "variants": { "*charaph*": "scorn/defy/reproach/expose oneself to danger" } } 19 { "verseID": "Judges.5.19", "source": "בָּ֤אוּ מְלָכִים֙ נִלְחָ֔מוּ אָ֤ז נִלְחֲמוּ֙ מַלְכֵ֣י כְנַ֔עַן בְּתַעְנַ֖ךְ עַל־מֵ֣י מְגִדּ֑וֹ בֶּ֥צַע כֶּ֖סֶף לֹ֥א לָקָֽחוּ׃", "text": "Came kings they-*lacham*, then they-*lacham* kings-of *Canaan* in-*Taanach* by waters-of *Megiddo*; gain silver not they-*laqach*", "grammar": { "בָּ֤אוּ": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they came", "מְלָכִים֙": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "נִלְחָ֔מוּ": "Niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they fought", "אָ֤ז": "adverb - then", "נִלְחֲמוּ֙": "Niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they fought", "מַלְכֵ֣י": "noun, masculine plural construct - kings of", "*Canaan*": "proper name - Canaan", "בְּתַעְנַ֖ךְ": "preposition ב + proper name - in Taanach", "עַל־מֵ֣י": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - by waters of", "*Megiddo*": "proper name - Megiddo", "בֶּ֥צַע": "noun, masculine singular - gain/profit", "כֶּ֖סֶף": "noun, masculine singular - silver/money", "לֹ֥א": "negative particle - not", "לָקָֽחוּ": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they took" }, "variants": { "*lacham*": "fight/do battle", "*laqach*": "take/seize/receive" } } 20 { "verseID": "Judges.5.20", "source": "מִן־שָׁמַ֖יִם נִלְחָ֑מוּ הַכּֽוֹכָבִים֙ מִמְּסִלּוֹתָ֔ם נִלְחֲמ֖וּ עִם־סִיסְרָֽא׃", "text": "From heavens they-*lacham*, the-stars from-their-courses they-*lacham* with-*Sisera*", "grammar": { "מִן־שָׁמַ֖יִם": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - from heavens", "נִלְחָ֑מוּ": "Niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they fought", "הַכּֽוֹכָבִים֙": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the stars", "מִמְּסִלּוֹתָ֔ם": "preposition מן + noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from their courses/orbits", "נִלְחֲמ֖וּ": "Niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they fought", "עִם־סִיסְרָֽא": "preposition + proper name - with Sisera" }, "variants": { "*lacham*": "fight/do battle" } } 21 { "verseID": "Judges.5.21", "source": "נַ֤חַל קִישׁוֹן֙ גְּרָפָ֔ם נַ֥חַל קְדוּמִ֖ים נַ֣חַל קִישׁ֑וֹן תִּדְרְכִ֥י נַפְשִׁ֖י עֹֽז׃", "text": "Stream-of *Kishon* *garaph*-them, stream of-ancient-times, stream-of *Kishon*; you-will-*darak* my-soul *oz*", "grammar": { "נַ֤חַל": "noun, masculine singular construct - stream of", "*Kishon*": "proper name - Kishon", "*garaph*-them": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - swept them away", "נַ֥חַל": "noun, masculine singular construct - stream of", "קְדוּמִ֖ים": "adjective, masculine plural - ancient times/ancient", "נַ֣חַל": "noun, masculine singular construct - stream of", "*Kishon*": "proper name - Kishon", "תִּדְרְכִ֥י": "Qal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will tread/march", "נַפְשִׁ֖י": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my soul", "*oz*": "noun, masculine singular - strength/might" }, "variants": { "*garaph*": "sweep away/carry off", "*darak*": "tread/march/walk firmly", "*oz*": "strength/might/power" } } 22 { "verseID": "Judges.5.22", "source": "אָ֥ז הָלְמ֖וּ עִקְּבֵי־ס֑וּס מִֽדַּהֲר֖וֹת דַּהֲר֥וֹת אַבִּירָֽיו׃", "text": "Then *halam* hoofs-of horse from-galloping galloping of-his-*abbirim*", "grammar": { "אָ֥ז": "adverb - then", "*halam*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - struck/hammered/pounded", "עִקְּבֵי־ס֑וּס": "noun, masculine plural construct + noun - hoofs of horse", "מִֽדַּהֲר֖וֹת": "preposition מן + noun, feminine plural - from galloping", "דַּהֲר֥וֹת": "noun, feminine plural construct - galloping of", "אַבִּירָֽיו": "adjective, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his mighty ones" }, "variants": { "*halam*": "strike/hammer/pound", "*abbirim*": "mighty ones/stallions/steeds" } } 23 { "verseID": "Judges.5.23", "source": "א֣וֹרוּ מֵר֗וֹז אָמַר֙ מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֔ה אֹ֥רוּ אָר֖וֹר יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ כִּ֤י לֹֽא־בָ֙אוּ֙ לְעֶזְרַ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה לְעֶזְרַ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה בַּגִּבּוֹרִֽים׃", "text": "*Arar* *Meroz*, *amar* *malak* of-*YHWH*, *arar* *aror* inhabitants-of-her because not they-came to-help-of *YHWH*, to-help-of *YHWH* among-the-*gibborim*", "grammar": { "*Arar*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - curse!", "*Meroz*": "proper name - Meroz", "*amar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*malak*": "noun, masculine singular construct - angel/messenger of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*arar*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - curse!", "*aror*": "absolute infinitive - utterly curse", "יֹשְׁבֶ֑יהָ": "Qal participle, masculine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her inhabitants", "כִּ֤י": "conjunction - because", "לֹֽא־בָ֙אוּ֙": "negative particle + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they did not come", "לְעֶזְרַ֣ת": "preposition ל + noun, feminine singular construct - to help of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "לְעֶזְרַ֥ת": "preposition ל + noun, feminine singular construct - to help of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "בַּגִּבּוֹרִֽים": "preposition ב + definite article + adjective, masculine plural - among the mighty ones" }, "variants": { "*arar*": "curse/bind with a curse", "*amar*": "say/speak/command", "*malak*": "messenger/angel", "*aror*": "utterly curse", "*gibborim*": "mighty ones/warriors/heroes" } } 24 { "verseID": "Judges.5.24", "source": "תְּבֹרַךְ֙ מִנָּשִׁ֔ים יָעֵ֕ל אֵ֖שֶׁת חֶ֣בֶר הַקֵּינִ֑י מִנָּשִׁ֥ים בָּאֹ֖הֶל תְּבֹרָֽךְ׃", "text": "*Barak* from-women *Yael* wife-of *Heber* the-*Qeni*; from-women in-the-tent she-will-be-*barak*", "grammar": { "*Barak*": "Pual imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - blessed", "מִנָּשִׁ֔ים": "preposition מן + noun, feminine plural - from/among women", "*Yael*": "proper name, feminine - Jael", "אֵ֖שֶׁת": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of", "*Heber*": "proper name, masculine - Heber", "הַקֵּינִ֑י": "definite article + gentilic adjective, masculine singular - the Kenite", "מִנָּשִׁ֥ים": "preposition מן + noun, feminine plural - from/among women", "בָּאֹ֖הֶל": "preposition ב + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the tent", "תְּבֹרָֽךְ": "Pual imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she will be blessed" }, "variants": { "*barak*": "bless/praise/kneel", "*Qeni*": "Kenite/metalworker" } } 25 { "verseID": "Judges.5.25", "source": "מַ֥יִם שָׁאַ֖ל חָלָ֣ב נָתָ֑נָה בְּסֵ֥פֶל אַדִּירִ֖ים הִקְרִ֥יבָה חֶמְאָֽה׃", "text": "Water he-*shaal*, milk she-*natan*; in-bowl-of *addirim* she-*qarab* *chemah*", "grammar": { "מַ֥יִם": "noun, masculine plural - water", "שָׁאַ֖ל": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he asked/requested", "חָלָ֣ב": "noun, masculine singular - milk", "נָתָ֑נָה": "Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she gave", "בְּסֵ֥פֶל": "preposition ב + noun, masculine singular construct - in bowl of", "*addirim*": "adjective, masculine plural - noble ones/majestic ones", "הִקְרִ֥יבָה": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she brought near/offered", "*chemah*": "noun, feminine singular - curds/butter" }, "variants": { "*shaal*": "ask/request/inquire", "*natan*": "give/put/set", "*addirim*": "nobles/majestic ones/mighty ones", "*qarab*": "bring near/offer/approach", "*chemah*": "curds/butter/curdled milk" } } 26 { "verseID": "Judges.5.26", "source": "יָדָהּ֙ לַיָּתֵ֣ד תִּשְׁלַ֔חְנָה וִֽימִינָ֖הּ לְהַלְמ֣וּת עֲמֵלִ֑ים וְהָלְמָ֤ה סִֽיסְרָא֙ מָחֲקָ֣ה רֹאשׁ֔וֹ וּמָחֲצָ֥ה וְחָלְפָ֖ה רַקָּתֽוֹ׃", "text": "Her-hand to-the-tent-peg she-*shalach*, and-her-right-hand to-hammer-of laborers; and-she-*halam* *Sisera*, she-*machaq* his-head and-she-*machats* and-she-*chalaph* his-temple", "grammar": { "יָדָהּ֙": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her hand", "לַיָּתֵ֣ד": "preposition ל + definite article + noun, feminine singular - to the tent peg", "תִּשְׁלַ֔חְנָה": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular + paragogic nun - she stretched out", "וִֽימִינָ֖הּ": "waw conjunction + noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her right hand", "לְהַלְמ֣וּת": "preposition ל + noun, feminine singular construct - to hammer of", "עֲמֵלִ֑ים": "adjective, masculine plural - laborers/workers", "וְהָלְמָ֤ה": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she struck", "*Sisera*": "proper name, masculine - Sisera", "מָחֲקָ֣ה": "Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she crushed/smashed", "רֹאשׁ֔וֹ": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his head", "וּמָחֲצָ֥ה": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she shattered", "וְחָלְפָ֖ה": "waw conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she pierced", "רַקָּתֽוֹ": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his temple" }, "variants": { "*shalach*": "stretch out/send/put forth", "*halam*": "strike/hammer/pound", "*machaq*": "crush/smash/wound severely", "*machats*": "shatter/smite through/wound severely", "*chalaph*": "pierce/pass through/change" } } 27 { "verseID": "Judges.5.27", "source": "בֵּ֣ין רַגְלֶ֔יהָ כָּרַ֥ע נָפַ֖ל שָׁכָ֑ב בֵּ֤ין רַגְלֶ֙יהָ֙ כָּרַ֣ע נָפָ֔ל בַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר כָּרַ֔ע שָׁ֖ם נָפַ֥ל שָׁדֽוּד׃", "text": "Between her-feet he-*kara* he-*naphal* he-*shakab*; between her-feet he-*kara* he-*naphal*; in-which he-*kara*, there he-*naphal* *shadad*", "grammar": { "בֵּ֣ין": "preposition - between", "רַגְלֶ֔יהָ": "noun, feminine dual + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her feet", "כָּרַ֥ע": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he bowed/knelt", "נָפַ֖ל": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he fell", "שָׁכָ֑ב": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he lay down", "בֵּ֤ין": "preposition - between", "רַגְלֶ֙יהָ֙": "noun, feminine dual + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her feet", "כָּרַ֣ע": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he bowed/knelt", "נָפָ֔ל": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he fell", "בַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר": "preposition ב + relative pronoun - in which/where", "כָּרַ֔ע": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he bowed/knelt", "שָׁ֖ם": "adverb - there", "נָפַ֥ל": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he fell", "*shadad*": "Qal passive participle, masculine singular - destroyed/devastated" }, "variants": { "*kara*": "bow/kneel/sink down", "*naphal*": "fall/lie prostrate/be cast down", "*shakab*": "lie down/sleep/die", "*shadad*": "destroyed/devastated/violently treated" } } 28 { "verseID": "Judges.5.28", "source": "בְּעַד֩ הַחַלּ֨וֹן נִשְׁקְפָ֧ה וַתְּיַבֵּ֛ב אֵ֥ם סִֽיסְרָ֖א בְּעַ֣ד הֽ͏ָאֶשְׁנָ֑ב מַדּ֗וּעַ בֹּשֵׁ֤שׁ רִכְבּוֹ֙ לָב֔וֹא מַדּ֣וּעַ אֶֽחֱר֔וּ פַּעֲמֵ֖י מַרְכְּבוֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "Through the-window she-*shaqaph* and-she-*yabab* mother-of *Sisera* through the-lattice: Why *bosh* his-chariot to-come? Why they-*achar* steps-of his-chariots?", "grammar": { "בְּעַד֩": "preposition - through", "הַחַלּ֨וֹן": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the window", "נִשְׁקְפָ֧ה": "Niphal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - she looked out", "וַתְּיַבֵּ֛ב": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she cried/wailed", "אֵ֥ם": "noun, feminine singular construct - mother of", "*Sisera*": "proper name, masculine - Sisera", "בְּעַ֣ד": "preposition - through", "הֽ͏ָאֶשְׁנָ֑ב": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the lattice/window", "מַדּ֗וּעַ": "interrogative - why", "בֹּשֵׁ֤שׁ": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - delays/tarries", "רִכְבּוֹ֙": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his chariot", "לָב֔וֹא": "preposition ל + Qal infinitive construct - to come", "מַדּ֣וּעַ": "interrogative - why", "אֶֽחֱר֔וּ": "Piel perfect, 3rd common plural - they delayed/tarried", "פַּעֲמֵ֖י": "noun, feminine plural construct - steps/hoofbeats of", "מַרְכְּבוֹתָֽיו": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his chariots" }, "variants": { "*shaqaph*": "look out/down/through", "*yabab*": "cry/wail", "*bosh*": "delay/tarry/be ashamed", "*achar*": "delay/tarry/hesitate" } } 29 { "verseID": "Judges.5.29", "source": "חַכְמ֥וֹת שָׂרוֹתֶ֖יהָ תַּעֲנֶ֑ינָּה אַף־הִ֕יא תָּשִׁ֥יב אֲמָרֶ֖יהָ לָֽהּ׃", "text": "Wise-ones-of her-princesses *anah*-her; also she *shub* her-*emer*-s to-herself", "grammar": { "חַכְמ֥וֹת": "adjective, feminine plural construct - wise ones of", "שָׂרוֹתֶ֖יהָ": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her princesses", "תַּעֲנֶ֑ינָּה": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural + paragogic nun - they answered", "אַף־הִ֕יא": "conjunction + pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - also she", "תָּשִׁ֥יב": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - she returned/repeated", "אֲמָרֶ֖יהָ": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her words/sayings", "לָֽהּ": "preposition ל + 3rd feminine singular suffix - to herself" }, "variants": { "*anah*": "answer/respond", "*shub*": "return/repeat/bring back", "*emer*": "word/saying/speech" } } 30 { "verseID": "Judges.5.30", "source": "הֲלֹ֨א יִמְצְא֜וּ יְחַלְּק֣וּ שָׁלָ֗ל רַ֤חַם רַחֲמָתַ֙יִם֙ לְרֹ֣אשׁ גֶּ֔בֶר שְׁלַ֤ל צְבָעִים֙ לְסִ֣יסְרָ֔א שְׁלַ֥ל צְבָעִ֖ים רִקְמָ֑ה צֶ֥בַע רִקְמָתַ֖יִם לְצַוְּארֵ֥י שָׁלָֽל׃", "text": "Have-not they-*matsa* they-*chalaq* spoil, *racham* *rachamatayim* to-head-of *geber*? Spoil-of dyed-garments to-*Sisera*, spoil-of dyed-garments embroidery, dyed-work embroideries-two for-necks-of spoil", "grammar": { "הֲלֹ֨א": "interrogative particle + negative - have not", "יִמְצְא֜וּ": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will find", "יְחַלְּק֣וּ": "Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will divide", "שָׁלָ֗ל": "noun, masculine singular - spoil/plunder", "*racham*": "noun, feminine singular - womb/girl", "*rachamatayim*": "noun, feminine dual - two wombs/girls", "לְרֹ֣אשׁ": "preposition ל + noun, masculine singular construct - for head of", "*geber*": "noun, masculine singular - man/warrior", "שְׁלַ֤ל": "noun, masculine singular construct - spoil of", "צְבָעִים֙": "noun, masculine plural - dyed garments", "לְסִ֣יסְרָ֔א": "preposition ל + proper name - for Sisera", "שְׁלַ֥ל": "noun, masculine singular construct - spoil of", "צְבָעִ֖ים": "noun, masculine plural - dyed garments", "רִקְמָ֑ה": "noun, feminine singular - embroidery", "צֶ֥בַע": "noun, masculine singular construct - dyed work", "רִקְמָתַ֖יִם": "noun, feminine dual - two embroideries", "לְצַוְּארֵ֥י": "preposition ל + noun, masculine plural construct - for necks of", "שָׁלָֽל": "noun, masculine singular - spoil/plunder" }, "variants": { "*matsa*": "find/meet/obtain", "*chalaq*": "divide/apportion/distribute", "*racham*": "womb/maiden/girl", "*rachamatayim*": "two wombs/two maidens/two girls", "*geber*": "man/warrior/strong one" } } 31 { "verseID": "Judges.5.31", "source": "כֵּ֠ן יֹאבְד֤וּ כָל־אוֹיְבֶ֙יךָ֙ יְהוָ֔ה וְאֹ֣הֲבָ֔יו כְּצֵ֥את הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ בִּגְבֻרָת֑וֹ וַתִּשְׁקֹ֥ט הָאָ֖רֶץ אַרְבָּעִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃ פ", "text": "So *abad* all-your-enemies, *YHWH*, but-those-loving-him like-going-forth-of the-sun in-its-might. And-*shaqat* the-land forty year", "grammar": { "כֵּ֠ן": "adverb - so/thus", "*abad*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will perish", "כָל־אוֹיְבֶ֙יךָ֙": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - all your enemies", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "וְאֹ֣הֲבָ֔יו": "waw conjunction + Qal participle, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - but those loving him", "כְּצֵ֥את": "preposition כ + Qal infinitive construct - like going forth of", "הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the sun", "בִּגְבֻרָת֑וֹ": "preposition ב + noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in its might", "וַתִּשְׁקֹ֥ט": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it had rest", "הָאָ֖רֶץ": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "אַרְבָּעִ֥ים": "number - forty", "שָׁנָֽה": "noun, feminine singular - year" }, "variants": { "*abad*": "perish/be destroyed/be lost", "*shaqat*": "be quiet/rest/be at peace" } } 1 { "verseID": "Judges.6.1", "source": "וַיַּעֲשׂ֧וּ בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּתְּנֵ֧ם יְהוָ֛ה בְּיַד־מִדְיָ֖ן שֶׁ֥בַע שָׁנִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yaʿăśû* *bənê-yiśrāʾēl* *hāraʿ* in *ʿênê* *YHWH* and *wə-yittənēm* *YHWH* in *yad-midyān* *šebaʿ* *šānîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿăśû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they did/made", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct noun phrase - sons of Israel", "*hāraʿ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the evil", "*ʿênê*": "construct form, plural of *ʿayin* - eyes of", "*YHWH*": "divine name, tetragrammaton", "*wə-yittənēm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he gave them", "*yad-midyān*": "construct noun phrase - hand of Midian", "*šebaʿ*": "cardinal number - seven", "*šānîm*": "noun, feminine plural - years" }, "variants": { "*hāraʿ*": "the evil/wickedness/harm", "*ʿênê*": "eyes/sight/presence", "*yad*": "hand/power/control" } } 2 { "verseID": "Judges.6.2", "source": "וַתָּ֥עָז יַד־מִדְיָ֖ן עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מִפְּנֵ֨י מִדְיָ֜ן עָשֽׂוּ לָהֶ֣ם ׀ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֶת־הַמִּנְהָרוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בֶּֽהָרִ֔ים וְאֶת־הַמְּעָר֖וֹת וְאֶת־הַמְּצָדֽוֹת׃", "text": "*wə-tāʿāz* *yad-midyān* *ʿal-yiśrāʾēl* *mippənê* *midyān* *ʿāśû* *lāhem* *bənê yiśrāʾēl* *ʾet-hamminəhārôt* *ʾăšer* *behārîm* *wə-ʾet-hamməʿārôt* *wə-ʾet-hamməṣādôt*", "grammar": { "*wə-tāʿāz*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and it became strong", "*yad-midyān*": "construct noun phrase - hand of Midian", "*ʿal-yiśrāʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - over/against Israel", "*mippənê*": "preposition min + construct form of *pānîm* - from before/because of", "*ʿāśû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they made", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - for themselves", "*ʾet-hamminəhārôt*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine plural - the dens/caverns", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*behārîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - in the mountains", "*wə-ʾet-hamməʿārôt*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine plural - and the caves", "*wə-ʾet-hamməṣādôt*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine plural - and the strongholds" }, "variants": { "*tāʿāz*": "became strong/prevailed/overpowered", "*mippənê*": "from before/because of/due to", "*minəhārôt*": "dens/caverns/hiding places", "*məʿārôt*": "caves/hollows", "*məṣādôt*": "strongholds/fortresses" } } 3 { "verseID": "Judges.6.3", "source": "וְהָיָ֖ה אִם־זָרַ֣ע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְעָלָ֨ה מִדְיָ֧ן וֽ͏ַעֲמָלֵ֛ק וּבְנֵי־קֶ֖דֶם וְעָל֥וּ עָלָֽיו׃", "text": "*wə-hāyâ* if *zāraʿ* *yiśrāʾēl* and *wə-ʿālâ* *midyān* *wa-ʿămālēq* and *bənê-qedem* and *wə-ʿālû* *ʿālāyw*", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyâ*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and it happened/was", "*zāraʿ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - sowed/planted", "*wə-ʿālâ*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and came up/ascended", "*wa-ʿămālēq*": "waw conjunction + proper noun - and Amalek", "*bənê-qedem*": "construct noun phrase - sons/people of the east", "*wə-ʿālû*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 3rd person plural - and they came up/ascended", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against him/it" }, "variants": { "*wə-hāyâ*": "and it happened/and it came to pass/whenever", "*zāraʿ*": "sowed/planted/seeded", "*ʿālâ*": "came up/ascended/attacked/invaded" } } 4 { "verseID": "Judges.6.4", "source": "וַיַּחֲנ֣וּ עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם וַיַּשְׁחִ֙יתוּ֙ אֶת־יְב֣וּל הָאָ֔רֶץ עַד־בּוֹאֲךָ֖ עַזָּ֑ה וְלֹֽא־יַשְׁאִ֤ירוּ מִֽחְיָה֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְשֶׂ֥ה וָשׁ֖וֹר וַחֲמֽוֹר׃", "text": "*wə-yaḥănû* *ʿălêhem* and *wə-yašḥîtû* *ʾet-yəbûl* *hāʾāreṣ* until *bôʾăkā* *ʿazzâ* and not *yašʾîrû* *miḥyâ* in *yiśrāʾēl* and *śeh* and *šôr* and *ḥămôr*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaḥănû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they encamped/camped", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them", "*wə-yašḥîtû*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they destroyed/ruined", "*ʾet-yəbûl*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular - produce/increase of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land/earth", "*bôʾăkā*": "qal infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your coming/entrance", "*ʿazzâ*": "proper noun - Gaza", "*yašʾîrû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they left/kept", "*miḥyâ*": "noun, feminine singular - sustenance/livelihood", "*śeh*": "noun, masculine singular - sheep/lamb", "*šôr*": "noun, masculine singular - ox/bull", "*ḥămôr*": "noun, masculine singular - donkey/ass" }, "variants": { "*yaḥănû*": "encamped/pitched camp against/besieged", "*yašḥîtû*": "destroyed/ruined/laid waste", "*yəbûl*": "produce/increase/yield/crops", "*miḥyâ*": "sustenance/means of life/food" } } 5 { "verseID": "Judges.6.5", "source": "כִּ֡י הֵם֩ וּמִקְנֵיהֶ֨ם יַעֲל֜וּ וְאָהֳלֵיהֶ֗ם *יבאו **וּבָ֤אוּ כְדֵֽי־אַרְבֶּה֙ לָרֹ֔ב וְלָהֶ֥ם וְלִגְמַלֵּיהֶ֖ם אֵ֣ין מִסְפָּ֑ר וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ בָאָ֖רֶץ לְשַׁחֲתָֽהּ׃", "text": "For *hēm* and *miqnêhem* *yaʿălû* and *ʾāhŏlêhem* *ûbāʾû* like *kədê-ʾarbeh* to *lārōb* and to them and to *ligmallêhem* *ʾên* *mispār* and *wayyābōʾû* in *hāʾāreṣ* to *ləšaḥătāh*", "grammar": { "*hēm*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*miqnêhem*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their livestock/cattle", "*yaʿălû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they would come up", "*ʾāhŏlêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their tents", "*ûbāʾû*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect 3rd person plural - and they came [Ketiv: *yābōʾû* - they would come]", "*kədê-ʾarbeh*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like locusts", "*lārōb*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in abundance/multitude", "*ligmallêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to their camels", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*mispār*": "noun, masculine singular - number/count", "*wayyābōʾû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they came", "*ləšaḥătāh*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to destroy it" }, "variants": { "*miqnêhem*": "their livestock/cattle/possessions", "*yaʿălû*": "would come up/ascend/invade", "*kədê-ʾarbeh*": "like locusts/in locust fashion", "*lārōb*": "in abundance/in multitude/greatly", "*mispār*": "number/count/quantity", "*ləšaḥătāh*": "to destroy it/to ruin it/to lay it waste" } } 6 { "verseID": "Judges.6.6", "source": "וַיִּדַּ֧ל יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מְאֹ֖ד מִפְּנֵ֣י מִדְיָ֑ן וַיִּזְעֲק֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yiddal* *yiśrāʾēl* *məʾōd* *mippənê* *midyān* and *wə-yizʿăqû* *bənê-yiśrāʾēl* to *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiddal*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he/it became poor/weak", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*mippənê*": "preposition + construct form of *pānîm* - from before/because of", "*wə-yizʿăqû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they cried out", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct noun phrase - sons of Israel" }, "variants": { "*yiddal*": "became impoverished/weak/reduced/brought low", "*mippənê*": "because of/due to/from before", "*yizʿăqû*": "cried out/called/cried for help" } } 7 { "verseID": "Judges.6.7", "source": "וַיְהִ֕י כִּֽי־זָעֲק֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־יְהוָ֑ה עַ֖ל אֹד֥וֹת מִדְיָֽן׃", "text": "*wə-yəhî* when *zāʿăqû* *bənê-yiśrāʾēl* to *YHWH* *ʿal* *ʾōdôt* *midyān*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive of *hāyâ* - and it came to pass", "*zāʿăqû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they cried out", "*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct noun phrase - sons of Israel", "*ʿal*": "preposition - concerning/about", "*ʾōdôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - matters/affairs of" }, "variants": { "*wə-yəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass", "*zāʿăqû*": "cried out/called/cried for help", "*ʿal ʾōdôt*": "concerning/because of/regarding" } } 8 { "verseID": "Judges.6.8", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֧ח יְהוָ֛ה אִ֥ישׁ נָבִ֖יא אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֨אמֶר לָהֶ֜ם כֹּה־אָמַ֥ר יְהוָ֣ה ׀ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אָנֹכִ֞י הֶעֱלֵ֤יתִי אֶתְכֶם֙ מִמִּצְרַ֔יִם וָאֹצִ֥יא אֶתְכֶ֖ם מִבֵּ֥ית עֲבָדִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yišlaḥ* *YHWH* *ʾîš* *nābîʾ* to *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* and *wayyōʾmer* to them thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʾānōkî* *heʿĕlêtî* *ʾetkem* from *miṣrayim* and *wāʾōṣîʾ* *ʾetkem* from *bêt* *ʿăbādîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yišlaḥ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he sent", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*nābîʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - prophet", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*heʿĕlêtî*": "hiphil perfect 1st person singular - I brought up", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*wāʾōṣîʾ*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - and I brought out", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʿăbādîm*": "noun, masculine plural - slaves/servants" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš nābîʾ*": "man prophet/prophetic man", "*heʿĕlêtî*": "brought up/raised/carried up", "*wāʾōṣîʾ*": "brought out/led out/delivered", "*bêt ʿăbādîm*": "house of slaves/place of bondage/slavery" } }
• Judg 6:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Judges.6.11", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֞א מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֗ה וַיֵּ֙שֶׁב֙ תַּ֤חַת הָֽאֵלָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּעָפְרָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְיוֹאָ֖שׁ אֲבִ֣י הָֽעֶזְרִ֑י וְגִדְע֣וֹן בְּנ֗וֹ חֹבֵ֤ט חִטִּים֙ בַּגַּ֔ת לְהָנִ֖יס מִפְּנֵ֥י מִדְיָֽן׃", "text": "And *wayyābōʾ* *malʾak* *YHWH* and *wayyēšeb* under *hāʾēlâ* *ʾăšer* in *ʿoprâ* *ʾăšer* to *yôʾāš* *ʾăbî* *hāʿezrî* and *gidʿôn* *bənô* *ḥōbēṭ* *ḥiṭṭîm* in *haggat* to *lĕhānîs* from *mippənê* *midyān*", "grammar": { "*wayyābōʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he came", "*malʾak*": "noun, masculine singular construct - messenger/angel of", "*wayyēšeb*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he sat/dwelt", "*hāʾēlâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the terebinth/oak", "*ʿoprâ*": "proper noun - Ophrah", "*yôʾāš*": "proper noun - Joash", "*ʾăbî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - father of", "*hāʿezrî*": "definite article + proper noun/gentilic - the Abiezrite", "*gidʿôn*": "proper noun - Gideon", "*bənô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his son", "*ḥōbēṭ*": "qal participle masculine singular - beating/threshing", "*ḥiṭṭîm*": "noun, feminine plural - wheat", "*haggat*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the winepress", "*lĕhānîs*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to flee/to hide", "*mippənê*": "preposition + construct form of *pānîm* - from before/because of" }, "variants": { "*malʾak*": "messenger/angel/envoy", "*hāʾēlâ*": "terebinth/oak/large tree", "*ḥōbēṭ*": "beating/threshing/striking", "*gat*": "winepress/winepress pit", "*lĕhānîs*": "to hide/to make flee/to save from", "*mippənê*": "from before/from the presence of/because of" } }
• 1 Sam 17:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.1", "source": "וַיַּאַסְפ֨וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֤ים אֶת־מַֽחֲנֵיהֶם֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וַיֵּאָ֣סְפ֔וּ שֹׂכֹ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר לִיהוּדָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנ֛וּ בֵּין־שׂוֹכֹ֥ה וּבֵין־עֲזֵקָ֖ה בְּאֶ֥פֶס דַּמִּֽים׃", "text": "And *wə-* *ʾāsap̄* *Pəlištîm* *ʾēt*-*maḥănēhem* for the *milḥāmâ*, and they *ʾāsap̄* to *Śōḵōh* which belonged to *Yəhûdâ*; and they *ḥānâ* between-*Śōḵōh* and between-*ʿĂzēqâ* in *ʾep̄es dammîm*.", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾāsap̄*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw-consecutive - gathered/assembled", "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*maḥănēhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their camps/armies", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - battle/war", "*Śōḵōh*": "proper noun - Socoh", "*Yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ḥānâ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw-consecutive - they encamped/pitched camp", "*ʿĂzēqâ*": "proper noun - Azekah", "*ʾep̄es dammîm*": "proper noun - Ephes-dammim ('boundary of blood')" }, "variants": { "*ʾāsap̄*": "gathered/assembled/collected", "*maḥănēhem*": "their camps/their armies", "*ḥānâ*": "encamped/pitched camp/settled", "*ʾep̄es dammîm*": "end of blood/boundary of blood/ceasing of blood" } } 2 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.2", "source": "וְשָׁא֤וּל וְאִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ נֶאֶסְפ֔וּ וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּעֵ֣מֶק הָאֵלָ֑ה וַיַּעַרְכ֥וּ מִלְחָמָ֖ה לִקְרַ֥את פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃", "text": "And *Šāʾûl* and *ʾîš*-*Yiśrāʾēl* were *ʾāsap̄*, and they *ḥānâ* in *ʿēmeq* the-*ʾēlâ*; and they *ʿāraḵ* *milḥāmâ* to *qirʾat* *Pəlištîm*.", "grammar": { "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*ʾîš*-*Yiśrāʾēl*": "construct phrase - men of Israel", "*ʾāsap̄*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - were gathered/assembled", "*ḥānâ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw-consecutive - they encamped", "*ʿēmeq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - valley of", "*ʾēlâ*": "noun with definite article - the terebinth/oak", "*ʿāraḵ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw-consecutive - they arranged/set in order", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - battle/war", "*qirʾat*": "preposition with infinitive construct - to meet/against", "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš*-*Yiśrāʾēl*": "men of Israel/Israelites", "*ʿēmeq* the-*ʾēlâ*": "Valley of Elah/Valley of the Terebinth", "*ʿāraḵ*": "arranged/set in order/prepared", "*qirʾat*": "to meet/against/in opposition to" } } 3 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.3", "source": "וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֞ים עֹמְדִ֤ים אֶל־הָהָר֙ מִזֶּ֔ה וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹמְדִ֥ים אֶל־הָהָ֖ר מִזֶּ֑ה וְהַגַּ֖יְא בֵּינֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *Pəlištîm* *ʿāmad* toward-the-*hār* from this [side], and *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʿāmad* toward-the-*hār* from that [side]; and the-*gayʾ* [was] between them.", "grammar": { "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*ʿāmad*": "Qal participle masculine plural - standing", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the mountain/hill", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*gayʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the valley/ravine" }, "variants": { "*ʿāmad*": "standing/positioned/taking their stand", "*hār*": "mountain/hill", "*gayʾ*": "valley/ravine/gorge" } } 4 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.4", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֤א אִֽישׁ־הַבֵּנַ֙יִם֙ מִמַּחֲנ֣וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים גָּלְיָ֥ת שְׁמ֖וֹ מִגַּ֑ת גָּבְה֕וֹ שֵׁ֥שׁ אַמּ֖וֹת וָזָֽרֶת׃", "text": "And there *yāṣāʾ* *ʾîš*-the-*bênayim* from *maḥănôt* *Pəlištîm*, *Golyāt* [was] his *šēm*, from *Gat*; his *gābōah* [was] six *ʾammôt* and a *zeret*.", "grammar": { "*yāṣāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw-consecutive - came out/went forth", "*ʾîš*-the-*bênayim*": "construct phrase with definite article - champion/man of the between (literally: man of the midst)", "*maḥănôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - camps of", "*Pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*Golyāt*": "proper noun - Goliath", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular - name", "*Gat*": "proper noun - Gath", "*gābōah*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his height", "*ʾammôt*": "noun, feminine plural - cubits", "*zeret*": "noun, masculine singular - span" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš*-the-*bênayim*": "champion/man of the midst/man between the two armies", "*maḥănôt*": "camps/armies", "*gābōah*": "height/stature/tallness", "*ʾammôt*": "cubits (approximately 18 inches each)", "*zeret*": "span (approximately 9 inches)" } } 5 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.5", "source": "וְכ֤וֹבַע נְחֹ֙שֶׁת֙ עַל־רֹאשׁ֔וֹ וְשִׁרְי֥וֹן קַשְׂקַשִּׂ֖ים ה֣וּא לָב֑וּשׁ וּמִשְׁקַל֙ הַשִּׁרְי֔וֹן חֲמֵשֶׁת־אֲלָפִ֥ים שְׁקָלִ֖ים נְחֹֽשֶֽׁת׃", "text": "And [a] *kôḇaʿ* of *nəḥōšet* [was] on his *rōʾš*, and [a] *širyôn* of *qaśqaśîm* he was *lāḇûš*; and [the] *mišqal* of the-*širyôn* [was] five-*ʾălāp̄îm* *šəqālîm* [of] *nəḥōšet*.", "grammar": { "*kôḇaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - helmet of", "*nəḥōšet*": "noun, feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his head", "*širyôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - coat of mail/armor", "*qaśqaśîm*": "noun, masculine plural - scales/plates", "*lāḇûš*": "Qal passive participle masculine singular - clothed/wearing", "*mišqal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - weight of", "*ʾălāp̄îm*": "noun, masculine plural - thousands", "*šəqālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - shekels" }, "variants": { "*kôḇaʿ*": "helmet/headpiece", "*nəḥōšet*": "bronze/copper/brass", "*širyôn*": "coat of mail/armor/breastplate", "*qaśqaśîm*": "scales/plates/links", "*lāḇûš*": "clothed/dressed/wearing", "*šəqālîm*": "shekels (unit of weight, approximately 11.5 grams each)" } } 6 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.6", "source": "וּמִצְחַ֥ת נְחֹ֖שֶׁת עַל־רַגְלָ֑יו וְכִיד֥וֹן נְחֹ֖שֶׁת בֵּ֥ין כְּתֵפָֽיו׃", "text": "And [a] *miṣḥat* [of] *nəḥōšet* [was] on his *raḡlayim*, and [a] *kîḏôn* [of] *nəḥōšet* [was] between his *kətēp̄āyw*.", "grammar": { "*miṣḥat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - greaves/leg armor", "*nəḥōšet*": "noun, feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*raḡlayim*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his legs/feet", "*kîḏôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - javelin/spear", "*kətēp̄āyw*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his shoulders" }, "variants": { "*miṣḥat*": "greaves/leg armor/shin guards", "*nəḥōšet*": "bronze/copper/brass", "*raḡlayim*": "legs/feet", "*kîḏôn*": "javelin/short spear/scimitar", "*kətēp̄āyw*": "shoulders/shoulder blades" } } 7 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.7", "source": "וְעֵ֣ץ חֲנִית֗וֹ כִּמְנוֹר֙ אֹֽרְגִ֔ים וְלַהֶ֣בֶת חֲנִית֔וֹ שֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת שְׁקָלִ֖ים בַּרְזֶ֑ל וְנֹשֵׂ֥א הַצִּנָּ֖ה הֹלֵ֥ךְ לְפָנָֽיו׃", "text": "And [the] *ʿēṣ* [of] his *ḥănît* [was] like [a] *mənôr* [of] *ʾōrəḡîm*, and [the] *laheḇet* [of] his *ḥănît* [was] six-hundred *šəqālîm* [of] *barzel*; and [the] *nōśēʾ* [of] the-*ṣinnâ* was *hālaḵ* before him.", "grammar": { "*ʿēṣ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - shaft/wood/staff of", "*ḥănît*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his spear", "*mənôr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - beam of", "*ʾōrəḡîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - weavers", "*laheḇet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - head/blade of", "*šəqālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - shekels", "*barzel*": "noun, masculine singular - iron", "*nōśēʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - bearer of", "*ṣinnâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the shield", "*hālaḵ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - walking/going" }, "variants": { "*ʿēṣ*": "shaft/wood/staff", "*ḥănît*": "spear/lance", "*mənôr*": "beam/rod/weaver's beam", "*ʾōrəḡîm*": "weavers/those who weave", "*laheḇet*": "head/blade/point", "*barzel*": "iron/metal", "*nōśēʾ*": "bearer/carrier", "*ṣinnâ*": "large shield/buckler" } } 8 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.8", "source": "וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֗ד וַיִּקְרָא֙ אֶל־מַעַרְכֹ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֔ם לָ֥מָּה תֵצְא֖וּ לַעֲרֹ֣ךְ מִלְחָמָ֑ה הֲל֧וֹא אָנֹכִ֣י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י וְאַתֶּם֙ עֲבָדִ֣ים לְשָׁא֔וּל בְּרוּ־לָכֶ֥ם אִ֖ישׁ וְיֵרֵ֥ד אֵלָֽי׃", "text": "And he *ʿāmad* and *qārāʾ* to-*maʿărāḵôt* *Yiśrāʾēl* and *ʾāmar* to them, 'Why *yāṣāʾ* you to *ʿāraḵ* *milḥāmâ*? [Am] not *ʾānōḵî* the-*Pəlištî*, and you [are] *ʿăḇāḏîm* to *Šāʾûl*? *bārā*-for yourselves [an] *ʾîš* and let him *yārad* to me.'", "grammar": { "*ʿāmad*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw-consecutive - he stood", "*qārāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw-consecutive - he called", "*maʿărāḵôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - battle lines/ranks of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw-consecutive - he said", "*yāṣāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you come out", "*ʿāraḵ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to arrange/set in order", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - battle/war", "*ʾānōḵî*": "personal pronoun 1st person singular - I", "*Pəlištî*": "gentilic adjective masculine singular with definite article - the Philistine", "*ʿăḇāḏîm*": "noun, masculine plural - servants/slaves", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*bārā*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - choose", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*yārad*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular jussive - let him come down" }, "variants": { "*ʿāmad*": "stood/took a stand/positioned himself", "*qārāʾ*": "called/cried out/proclaimed", "*maʿărāḵôt*": "battle lines/ranks/armies", "*yāṣāʾ*": "come out/go forth", "*ʿāraḵ*": "arrange/draw up/set in order", "*ʿăḇāḏîm*": "servants/slaves", "*bārā*": "choose/select", "*yārad*": "come down/descend" } } 9 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.9", "source": "אִם־יוּכַ֞ל לְהִלָּחֵ֤ם אִתִּי֙ וְהִכָּ֔נִי וְהָיִ֥ינוּ לָכֶ֖ם לַעֲבָדִ֑ים וְאִם־אֲנִ֤י אֽוּכַל־לוֹ֙ וְהִכִּיתִ֔יו וִהְיִ֤יתֶם לָ֙נוּ֙ לַעֲבָדִ֔ים וַעֲבַדְתֶּ֖ם אֹתָֽנוּ׃", "text": "If he *yāḵōl* to *lāḥam* with me and *nāḵâ* me, then we will *hāyâ* to you as *ʿăḇāḏîm*; but if *ʾănî* *yāḵōl*-him and *nāḵâ* him, then you will *hāyâ* to us as *ʿăḇāḏîm* and you will *ʿāḇad* us.", "grammar": { "*yāḵōl*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he is able/can", "*lāḥam*": "Niphal infinitive construct - to fight", "*nāḵâ*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he strikes/kills me", "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect 1st person plural - we will be", "*ʿăḇāḏîm*": "noun, masculine plural - servants/slaves", "*ʾănî*": "personal pronoun 1st person singular - I", "*yāḵōl*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I am able/can", "*nāḵâ*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I strike/kill him", "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will be", "*ʿāḇad*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will serve" }, "variants": { "*yāḵōl*": "is able/can/prevail", "*lāḥam*": "fight/do battle", "*nāḵâ*": "strike/kill/defeat", "*hāyâ*": "be/become", "*ʿăḇāḏîm*": "servants/slaves", "*ʿāḇad*": "serve/work for/be slaves to" } } 10 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.10", "source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י אֲנִ֗י חֵרַ֛פְתִּי אֶת־מַעַרְכ֥וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה תְּנוּ־לִ֣י אִ֔ישׁ וְנִֽלָּחֲמָ֖ה יָֽחַד׃", "text": "And *ʾāmar* the-*Pəlištî*, '*ʾănî* *ḥārap̄* *ʾēt*-*maʿărāḵôt* *Yiśrāʾēl* this-*yôm*. *nātan*-to me [an] *ʾîš*, and let us *lāḥam* *yaḥad*.'", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw-consecutive - he said", "*Pəlištî*": "gentilic adjective masculine singular with definite article - the Philistine", "*ʾănî*": "personal pronoun 1st person singular - I", "*ḥārap̄*": "Piel perfect 1st person singular - I defy/taunt", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*maʿărāḵôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - battle lines/ranks of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day", "*nātan*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - give", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*lāḥam*": "Niphal imperfect 1st person plural cohortative - let us fight", "*yaḥad*": "adverb - together" }, "variants": { "*ḥārap̄*": "defy/taunt/reproach/challenge", "*maʿărāḵôt*": "battle lines/ranks/armies", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*nātan*": "give/provide/appoint", "*lāḥam*": "fight/do battle", "*yaḥad*": "together/at the same time" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.11", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע שָׁאוּל֙ וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֥י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיֵּחַ֥תּוּ וַיִּֽרְא֖וּ מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "And *šāmaʿ* *Šāʾûl* and all-*Yiśrāʾēl* *ʾēt*-*dəḇārîm* [of] the-*Pəlištî* these; and they were *ḥātat* and *yārēʾ* exceedingly.", "grammar": { "*šāmaʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw-consecutive - he heard", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*dəḇārîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*Pəlištî*": "gentilic adjective masculine singular with definite article - the Philistine", "*ḥātat*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw-consecutive - they were dismayed", "*yārēʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw-consecutive - they feared" }, "variants": { "*šāmaʿ*": "heard/listened to", "*dəḇārîm*": "words/things/matters", "*ḥātat*": "were dismayed/terrified/shattered", "*yārēʾ*": "feared/were afraid" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.12", "source": "וְדָוִד֩ בֶּן־אִ֨ישׁ אֶפְרָתִ֜י הַזֶּ֗ה מִבֵּ֥ית לֶ֙חֶם֙ יְהוּדָ֔ה וּשְׁמ֣וֹ יִשַׁ֔י וְל֖וֹ שְׁמֹנָ֣ה בָנִ֑ים וְהָאִישׁ֙ בִּימֵ֣י שָׁא֔וּל זָקֵ֖ן בָּ֥א בַאֲנָשִֽׁים׃", "text": "And *Dāwid* [was the] *bēn*-*ʾîš* *ʾep̄rātî* this from *Bêt-leḥem* *Yəhûdâ*, and his *šēm* [was] *Yišay*, and to him [were] eight *bānîm*; and the-*ʾîš* in [the] *yōm* of *Šāʾûl* [was] *zāqēn*, *bôʾ* among men.", "grammar": { "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*ʾep̄rātî*": "gentilic adjective masculine singular - Ephrathite", "*Bêt-leḥem*": "proper noun - Bethlehem", "*Yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name", "*Yišay*": "proper noun - Jesse", "*bānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - sons", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the man", "*yōm*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*zāqēn*": "adjective, masculine singular - old/aged", "*bôʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - coming/going" }, "variants": { "*ʾep̄rātî*": "Ephrathite (from Ephrath, an ancient name for Bethlehem)", "*šēm*": "name/title", "*zāqēn*": "old/aged/elderly", "*bôʾ* among men": "advanced in years/elderly among men/well along in years" } } 13 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.13", "source": "וַיֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת בְּנֵֽי־יִשַׁי֙ הַגְּדֹלִ֔ים הָלְכ֥וּ אַחֲרֵי־שָׁא֖וּל לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וְשֵׁ֣ם ׀ שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת בָּנָ֗יו אֲשֶׁ֤ר הָלְכוּ֙ בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔ה אֱלִיאָ֣ב הַבְּכ֗וֹר וּמִשְׁנֵ֙הוּ֙ אֲבִ֣ינָדָ֔ב וְהַשְּׁלִשִׁ֖י שַׁמָּֽה׃", "text": "And *hālaḵ* three *bənê*-*Yišay* the-*gādôl*, they *hālaḵ* after-*Šāʾûl* to the-*milḥāmâ*; and [the] *šēm* [of] his three *bānîm* who *hālaḵ* to the-*milḥāmâ* [were] *ʾĔlîʾāḇ* the-*bəḵôr*, and his *mišneh* *ʾĂḇînādāḇ*, and the-*šəlîšî* *Šammâ*.", "grammar": { "*hālaḵ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw-consecutive - they went", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yišay*": "proper noun - Jesse", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine plural with definite article - the oldest/eldest", "*hālaḵ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they went", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the battle/war", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of", "*bānîm*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*hālaḵ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they went", "*ʾĔlîʾāḇ*": "proper noun - Eliab", "*bəḵôr*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the firstborn", "*mišneh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his second", "*ʾĂḇînādāḇ*": "proper noun - Abinadab", "*šəlîšî*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the third", "*Šammâ*": "proper noun - Shammah" }, "variants": { "*gādôl*": "great/eldest/oldest", "*mišneh*": "second/next in order", "*šəlîšî*": "third/third in order" } } 14 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.14", "source": "וְדָוִ֖ד ה֣וּא הַקָּטָ֑ן וּשְׁלֹשָׁה֙ הַגְּדֹלִ֔ים הָלְכ֖וּ אַחֲרֵ֥י שָׁאֽוּל׃", "text": "And *Dāwid* *hûʾ* the-*qāṭān*; and [the] three the-*gādôl* *hālaḵ* after *Šāʾûl*.", "grammar": { "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun 3rd person masculine singular - he", "*qāṭān*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the youngest", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine plural with definite article - the oldest/eldest", "*hālaḵ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they went", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul" }, "variants": { "*hûʾ*": "he/himself/that one", "*qāṭān*": "small/young/youngest", "*gādôl*": "great/eldest/oldest" } } 15 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.15", "source": "וְדָוִ֛ד הֹלֵ֥ךְ וָשָׁ֖ב מֵעַ֣ל שָׁא֑וּל לִרְע֛וֹת אֶת־צֹ֥אן אָבִ֖יו בֵּֽית לָֽחֶם׃", "text": "And *Dāwid* [was] *hālaḵ* and *šûḇ* from *ʿal* *Šāʾûl* to *rāʿâ* *ʾēt*-*ṣōʾn* [of] his *ʾāḇ* [in] *Bêt-leḥem*.", "grammar": { "*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*hālaḵ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - going", "*šûḇ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - returning", "*ʿal*": "preposition - from upon/from", "*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*rāʿâ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to tend/shepherd", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, common singular construct - flock of", "*ʾāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his father", "*Bêt-leḥem*": "proper noun - Bethlehem" }, "variants": { "*hālaḵ* and *šûḇ*": "going back and forth/coming and going", "*ʿal*": "from/from being with", "*rāʿâ*": "to tend/to shepherd/to pasture", "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep" } } 16 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.16", "source": "וַיִּגַּ֥שׁ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י הַשְׁכֵּ֣ם וְהַעֲרֵ֑ב וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֖ב אַרְבָּעִ֥ים יֽוֹם׃", "text": "And *nāḡaš* the-*Pəlištî* *šāḵam* and *ʿāraḇ*; and he *yāṣaḇ* forty *yôm*.", "grammar": { "*nāḡaš*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw-consecutive - he came near/approached", "*Pəlištî*": "gentilic adjective masculine singular with definite article - the Philistine", "*šāḵam*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - rising early", "*ʿāraḇ*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - setting late/in the evening", "*yāṣaḇ*": "Hithpael imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw-consecutive - he presented himself/took his stand", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day" }, "variants": { "*nāḡaš*": "came near/approached/drew near", "*šāḵam* and *ʿāraḇ*": "morning and evening/early and late", "*yāṣaḇ*": "presented himself/took his stand/positioned himself" } } 17 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.17", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יִשַׁ֜י לְדָוִ֣ד בְּנ֗וֹ קַח־נָ֤א לְאַחֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵיפַ֤ת הַקָּלִיא֙ הַזֶּ֔ה וַעֲשָׂרָ֥ה לֶ֖חֶם הַזֶּ֑ה וְהָרֵ֥ץ הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖ה לְאַחֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *yišay* *lə-dāwid* *bənō* *qaḥ-nāʾ* *lə-ʾaḥeykā* *ʾêpat* *ha-qālîʾ* *ha-zeh* *wa-ʿăśārâ* *leḥem* *ha-zeh* *wə-hārêṣ* *ha-maḥăneh* *lə-ʾaḥeykā*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*yišay*": "proper noun, nominative - Jesse", "*lə-dāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to David", "*bənō*": "noun ms + 3ms possessive suffix - his son", "*qaḥ-nāʾ*": "qal imperative ms + particle of entreaty - take, please", "*lə-ʾaḥeykā*": "preposition + noun mp + 2ms possessive suffix - for your brothers", "*ʾêpat*": "construct state - ephah of", "*ha-qālîʾ*": "definite article + noun ms - the parched grain", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun ms - this", "*wa-ʿăśārâ*": "waw conjunction + cardinal number - and ten", "*leḥem*": "noun mp - loaves of bread", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun ms - this", "*wə-hārêṣ*": "waw conjunction + qal imperative ms - and run", "*ha-maḥăneh*": "definite article + noun ms - the camp", "*lə-ʾaḥeykā*": "preposition + noun mp + 2ms possessive suffix - to your brothers" }, "variants": { "*qālîʾ*": "parched grain/roasted corn", "*ʾêpat*": "ephah (measure of volume, approx. 22 liters)", "*hārêṣ*": "run/hurry/rush" } } 18 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.18", "source": "וְ֠אֵת עֲשֶׂ֜רֶת חֲרִצֵ֤י הֶֽחָלָב֙ הָאֵ֔לֶּה תָּבִ֖יא לְשַׂר־הָאָ֑לֶף וְאֶת־אַחֶ֙יךָ֙ תִּפְקֹ֣ד לְשָׁל֔וֹם וְאֶת־עֲרֻבָּתָ֖ם תִּקָּֽח׃", "text": "*wə-ʾēt* *ʿăśeret* *ḥăriṣê* *he-ḥālāb* *hā-ʾēlleh* *tābîʾ* *lə-śar* *hā-ʾālep* *wə-ʾet* *ʾaḥeykā* *tipqōd* *lə-šālôm* *wə-ʾet* *ʿărubātām* *tiqqāḥ*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾēt*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker - and", "*ʿăśeret*": "cardinal number fs construct - ten of", "*ḥăriṣê*": "noun mp construct - cuts/slices of", "*he-ḥālāb*": "definite article + noun ms - the milk/cheese", "*hā-ʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun mp - these", "*tābîʾ*": "hiphil imperfect 2ms - you shall bring", "*lə-śar*": "preposition + noun ms construct - to commander of", "*hā-ʾālep*": "definite article + noun ms - the thousand", "*wə-ʾet*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker - and", "*ʾaḥeykā*": "noun mp + 2ms possessive suffix - your brothers", "*tipqōd*": "qal imperfect 2ms - you shall visit/inquire after", "*lə-šālôm*": "preposition + noun ms - for peace/welfare", "*wə-ʾet*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker - and", "*ʿărubātām*": "noun fs + 3mp possessive suffix - their pledge/token", "*tiqqāḥ*": "qal imperfect 2ms - you shall take" }, "variants": { "*ḥăriṣê he-ḥālāb*": "cuts of cheese/slices of milk-product", "*śar-hā-ʾālep*": "commander of thousand/captain", "*tipqōd*": "inquire after/check on/visit", "*lə-šālôm*": "regarding welfare/concerning well-being/about peace", "*ʿărubātām*": "their pledge/token/evidence of well-being/proof of visit" } }
• 1 Sam 28:3-9 : 3 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.3", "source": "וּשְׁמוּאֵ֣ל מֵ֔ת וַיִּסְפְּדוּ־לוֹ֙ כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיִּקְבְּרֻ֥הוּ בָרָמָ֖ה וּבְעִיר֑וֹ וְשָׁא֗וּל הֵסִ֛יר הָאֹב֥וֹת וְאֶת־הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֖ים מֵהָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And *šəmûʾêl* had *mêt*, and *wayyispədû*-to him all-*yiśrāʾêl*, and *wayyiqbərūhû* in *rāmāh* and in *ʿîrô*; and *šāʾûl* *hêsîr* the *ʾōḇôt* and *ʾet*-the *yiddəʿōnîm* from the *ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*šəmûʾêl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*mêt*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - died/was dead", "*wayyispədû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they lamented", "*yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyiqbərūhû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they buried him", "*rāmāh*": "proper noun - Ramah", "*ʿîrô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his city", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*hêsîr*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - had removed/put away", "*ʾōḇôt*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the mediums/necromancers", "*yiddəʿōnîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the familiar spirits/wizards", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land" }, "variants": { "*mêt*": "had died/was dead", "*wayyispədû*": "and they mourned/lamented/wailed", "*ʾōḇôt*": "mediums/necromancers/those who consult ghosts", "*yiddəʿōnîm*": "familiar spirits/wizards/those with special knowledge", "*hêsîr*": "had removed/banished/eliminated" } } 4 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.4", "source": "וַיִּקָּבְצ֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ וַיַּחֲנ֣וּ בְשׁוּנֵ֑ם וַיִּקְבֹּ֤ץ שָׁאוּל֙ אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בַּגִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃", "text": "And *wayyiqqāḇṣû* *pəlištîm* and *wayyāḇōʾû* and *wayyaḥănû* in *šûnêm*; and *wayyiqbōṣ* *šāʾûl* *ʾet*-all-*yiśrāʾêl* and *wayyaḥănû* in the *gilbōaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqāḇṣû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural, niphal - and they gathered themselves", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*wayyāḇōʾû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they came", "*wayyaḥănû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they camped/encamped", "*šûnêm*": "proper noun - Shunem", "*wayyiqbōṣ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he gathered", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*gilbōaʿ*": "proper noun with definite article - Gilboa" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqqāḇṣû*": "and they gathered themselves/assembled/mustered", "*wayyaḥănû*": "and they encamped/pitched camp/stationed themselves" } } 5 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.5", "source": "וַיַּ֥רְא שָׁא֖וּל אֶת־מַחֲנֵ֣ה פְלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיִּרָ֕א וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד לִבּ֖וֹ מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "And *wayyarʾ* *šāʾûl* *ʾet*-*maḥănêh* *pəlištîm*, and *wayyîrāʾ* and *wayeḥĕrad* *libbô* *məʾōd*.", "grammar": { "*wayyarʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he saw", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*maḥănêh*": "masculine singular construct - camp of", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*wayyîrāʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he feared", "*wayeḥĕrad*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and trembled", "*libbô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - greatly/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*wayyarʾ*": "and he saw/noticed/observed", "*wayyîrāʾ*": "and he feared/was afraid/was terrified", "*wayeḥĕrad*": "and trembled/quaked/was terrified", "*libbô*": "his heart/mind/inner self" } } 6 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.6", "source": "וַיִּשְׁאַ֤ל שָׁאוּל֙ בַּֽיהוָ֔ה וְלֹ֥א עָנָ֖הוּ יְהוָ֑ה גַּ֧ם בַּחֲלֹמ֛וֹת גַּ֥ם בָּאוּרִ֖ים גַּ֥ם בַּנְּבִיאִֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyišʾal* *šāʾûl* in *YHWH*, and not *ʿānāhû* *YHWH*, neither in the *ḥălōmôt* neither in the *ʾûrîm* neither in the *nəḇîʾîm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyišʾal*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he inquired", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʿānāhû*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - he answered him", "*ḥălōmôt*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the dreams", "*ʾûrîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the Urim (divination device)", "*nəḇîʾîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the prophets" }, "variants": { "*wayyišʾal*": "and he inquired/consulted/sought guidance", "*ʿānāhû*": "answered him/responded to him", "*ḥălōmôt*": "dreams/visions in sleep", "*ʾûrîm*": "Urim (divination objects used by priests)", "*nəḇîʾîm*": "prophets/seers/those who speak for God" } } 7 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.7", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל לַעֲבָדָ֗יו בַּקְּשׁוּ־לִי֙ אֵ֣שֶׁת בַּעֲלַת־א֔וֹב וְאֵלְכָ֥ה אֵלֶ֖יהָ וְאֶדְרְשָׁה־בָּ֑הּ וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ עֲבָדָיו֙ אֵלָ֔יו הִנֵּ֛ה אֵ֥שֶׁת בַּֽעֲלַת־א֖וֹב בְּעֵ֥ין דּֽוֹר׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *šāʾûl* to *ʿăḇādāyw*, *baqqəšû*-for me *ʾêšet* *baʿălat*-*ʾôḇ*, and *ʾêləḵāh* to her and *ʾedrəšāh*-by her; and *wayyōʾmərû* *ʿăḇādāyw* to him, *hinnêh* *ʾêšet* *baʿălat*-*ʾôḇ* in *ʿên dôr*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*ʿăḇādāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*baqqəšû*": "imperative, masculine plural - seek", "*ʾêšet*": "feminine singular construct - woman of", "*baʿălat*": "feminine singular construct - mistress of", "*ʾôḇ*": "masculine singular noun - medium/spirit", "*ʾêləḵāh*": "cohortative, 1st singular - let me go", "*ʾedrəšāh*": "cohortative, 1st singular - let me inquire", "*wayyōʾmərû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they said", "*hinnêh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*ʿên dôr*": "proper noun - En-dor" }, "variants": { "*ʾêšet baʿălat-ʾôḇ*": "woman who is owner of a medium spirit/woman necromancer/female medium", "*ʾedrəšāh*": "let me inquire/consult/seek information", "*ʿên dôr*": "En-dor (place name)" } } 8 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.8", "source": "וַיִּתְחַפֵּ֣שׂ שָׁא֗וּל וַיִּלְבַּשׁ֙ בְּגָדִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ ה֗וּא וּשְׁנֵ֤י אֲנָשִׁים֙ עִמּ֔וֹ וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ אֶל־הָאִשָּׁ֖ה לָ֑יְלָה וַיֹּ֗אמֶר *קסומי־**קֽ͏ָסֳמִי־נָ֥א לִי֙ בָּא֔וֹב וְהַ֣עֲלִי לִ֔י אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־אֹמַ֖ר אֵלָֽיִךְ׃", "text": "And *wayyitḥappêś* *šāʾûl* and *wayyilbaš* *bəgādîm* *ʾăḥêrîm*, and *wayyêleḵ* he and two *ʾănāšîm* with him; and *wayyāḇōʾû* to-the *ʾiššāh* *lāyəlāh*; and *wayyōʾmer*, *qosŏmî*-*nāʾ* for me in the *ʾôḇ*, and *haʿălî* for me *ʾêt* whom I *ʾōmar* to you.", "grammar": { "*wayyitḥappêś*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hithpael - and he disguised himself", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*wayyilbaš*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he put on", "*bəgādîm*": "masculine plural noun - clothes", "*ʾăḥêrîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other", "*wayyêleḵ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - men", "*wayyāḇōʾû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they came", "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the woman", "*lāyəlāh*": "masculine singular noun - night", "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*qosŏmî*": "imperative, feminine singular - divine", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*ʾôḇ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the medium/spirit", "*haʿălî*": "imperative, feminine singular, hiphil - bring up", "*ʾōmar*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will say" }, "variants": { "*wayyitḥappêś*": "and he disguised himself/concealed his identity", "*qosŏmî*": "divine/practice divination/perform an oracle", "*ʾôḇ*": "medium/necromancy/spirit of the dead", "*haʿălî*": "bring up/raise/summon" } } 9 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.9", "source": "וַתֹּ֨אמֶר הָֽאִשָּׁ֜ה אֵלָ֗יו הִנֵּ֨ה אַתָּ֤ה יָדַ֙עְתָּ֙ אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֣ה שָׁא֔וּל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִכְרִ֛ית אֶת־הָאֹב֥וֹת וְאֶת־הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֖י מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְלָמָ֥ה אַתָּ֛ה מִתְנַקֵּ֥שׁ בְּנַפְשִׁ֖י לַהֲמִיתֵֽנִי׃", "text": "And *wattōʾmer* the *ʾiššāh* to him, *hinnêh* you *yādaʿtā* *ʾêt* what *ʿāśāh* *šāʾûl*, how he *hiḵrît* *ʾet*-the *ʾōḇôt* and *ʾet*-the *yiddəʿōnî* from-the *ʾāreṣ*; and why you *mitnaqêš* *bənapšî* *lahămîtênî*?", "grammar": { "*wattōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she said", "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the woman", "*hinnêh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*yādaʿtā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you know", "*ʾêt*": "direct object marker", "*ʿāśāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he did", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*hiḵrît*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - he cut off", "*ʾōḇôt*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the mediums", "*yiddəʿōnî*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the familiar spirit", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land", "*mitnaqêš*": "participle, masculine singular, hithpael - setting a trap", "*bənapšî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix and preposition - against my life", "*lahămîtênî*": "infinitive construct, hiphil with 1st singular suffix - to kill me" }, "variants": { "*hiḵrît*": "cut off/eliminated/destroyed", "*ʾōḇôt*": "mediums/necromancers/spirit consulters", "*yiddəʿōnî*": "familiar spirit/wizard/soothsayer", "*mitnaqêš*": "setting a trap/laying a snare/plotting" } } 10 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.10", "source": "וַיִּשָּׁ֤בַֽע לָהּ֙ שָׁא֔וּל בַּֽיהוָ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר חַי־יְהוָ֕ה אִֽם־יִקְּרֵ֥ךְ עָוֺ֖ן בַּדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyiššāḇaʿ* to her *šāʾûl* by *YHWH* *lêʾmōr*, *ḥay*-*YHWH*, *ʾim*-*yiqqərêḵ* *ʿāwōn* in the *dāḇār* the this.", "grammar": { "*wayyiššāḇaʿ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, niphal - and he swore", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*lêʾmōr*": "infinitive construct - saying", "*ḥay*": "masculine singular adjective, construct - living/as lives", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle (used in oaths as negative) - not", "*yiqqərêḵ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - it will happen to you", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular noun - punishment/iniquity", "*dāḇār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the matter/thing", "*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative - this" }, "variants": { "*wayyiššāḇaʿ*": "and he swore/took an oath", "*ḥay-YHWH*": "as YHWH lives (oath formula)", "*ʾim-yiqqərêḵ*": "no punishment will befall you (oath formula with negation)", "*ʿāwōn*": "punishment/iniquity/guilt" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.11", "source": "וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הָֽאִשָּׁ֔ה אֶת־מִ֖י אַֽעֲלֶה־לָּ֑ךְ וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אֶת־שְׁמוּאֵ֖ל הַֽעֲלִי־לִֽי׃", "text": "And *wattōʾmer* the *ʾiššāh*, *ʾet*-whom *ʾaʿăleh*-for you? And *wayyōʾmer*, *ʾet*-*šəmûʾêl* *haʿălî*-for me.", "grammar": { "*wattōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she said", "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the woman", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾaʿăleh*": "imperfect, 1st singular, hiphil - I shall bring up", "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*šəmûʾêl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*haʿălî*": "imperative, feminine singular, hiphil - bring up" }, "variants": { "*ʾaʿăleh*": "I shall bring up/summon/raise", "*haʿălî*": "bring up/summon/raise" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.12", "source": "וַתֵּ֤רֶא הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ אֶת־שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וַתִּזְעַ֖ק בְּק֣וֹל גָּד֑וֹל וַתֹּאמֶר֩ הָאִשָּׁ֨ה אֶל־שָׁא֧וּל לֵאמֹ֛ר לָ֥מָּה רִמִּיתָ֖נִי וְאַתָּ֥ה שָׁאֽוּל׃", "text": "And *wattêreʾ* the *ʾiššāh* *ʾet*-*šəmûʾêl* and *wattizʿaq* with *qôl* *gādôl*; and *wattōʾmer* the *ʾiššāh* to *šāʾûl* *lêʾmōr*, Why *rimmîtānî* and you are *šāʾûl*?", "grammar": { "*wattêreʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she saw", "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the woman", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šəmûʾêl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*wattizʿaq*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she cried out", "*qôl*": "masculine singular noun - voice", "*gādôl*": "masculine singular adjective - loud/great", "*wattōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she said", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*lêʾmōr*": "infinitive construct - saying", "*rimmîtānî*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular, piel with 1st singular suffix - you have deceived me" }, "variants": { "*wattizʿaq*": "and she cried out/screamed/shrieked", "*qôl gādôl*": "loud voice/great cry", "*rimmîtānî*": "you have deceived me/tricked me/betrayed me" } } 13 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.13", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר לָ֥הּ הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אַל־תִּֽירְאִ֖י כִּ֣י מָ֣ה רָאִ֑ית וַתֹּ֤אמֶר הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל אֱלֹהִ֥ים רָאִ֖יתִי עֹלִ֥ים מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to her the *meleḵ*, *ʾal*-*tîrəʾî* for what *rāʾît*? And *wattōʾmer* the *ʾiššāh* to *šāʾûl*, *ʾĕlōhîm* I *rāʾîtî* *ʿōlîm* from-the *ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king", "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*tîrəʾî*": "imperfect, 2nd feminine singular, jussive - fear", "*rāʾît*": "perfect, 2nd feminine singular - you saw", "*wattōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she said", "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the woman", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - divine being/spirit/gods", "*rāʾîtî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I saw", "*ʿōlîm*": "masculine plural participle - coming up", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the earth" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "divine being/spirit/gods (plural form used for singular supernatural entity)", "*ʿōlîm*": "coming up/ascending/rising" } } 14 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.14", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָהּ֙ מַֽה־תָּאֳר֔וֹ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר אִ֤ישׁ זָקֵן֙ עֹלֶ֔ה וְה֥וּא עֹטֶ֖ה מְעִ֑יל וַיֵּ֤דַע שָׁאוּל֙ כִּֽי־שְׁמוּאֵ֣ל ה֔וּא וַיִּקֹּ֥ד אַפַּ֛יִם אַ֖רְצָה וַיִּשְׁתָּֽחוּ׃ ס", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to her, What is his *toʾŏrô*? And *wattōʾmer*, An *ʾîš* *zāqên* *ʿōleh*, and he is *ʿōṭeh* a *məʿîl*. And *wayyêdaʿ* *šāʾûl* that *šəmûʾêl* he was, and *wayyiqqōd* *ʾappayim* *ʾarṣāh* and *wayyištāḥû*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*toʾŏrô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his form/appearance", "*wattōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she said", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man", "*zāqên*": "masculine singular adjective - old", "*ʿōleh*": "masculine singular participle - coming up", "*ʿōṭeh*": "masculine singular participle - wrapped in", "*məʿîl*": "masculine singular noun - robe", "*wayyêdaʿ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he knew", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*šəmûʾêl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*wayyiqqōd*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he bowed", "*ʾappayim*": "masculine dual noun - face", "*ʾarṣāh*": "feminine singular noun with directional he - to the ground", "*wayyištāḥû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hishtaphel - and he prostrated himself" }, "variants": { "*toʾŏrô*": "his form/appearance/figure", "*ʿōṭeh*": "wrapped in/covered with/wearing", "*məʿîl*": "robe/mantle/cloak", "*wayyiqqōd ʾappayim ʾarṣāh*": "and he bowed with his face to the ground", "*wayyištāḥû*": "and he prostrated himself/bowed down/worshipped" } } 15 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.15", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵל֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל לָ֥מָּה הִרְגַּזְתַּ֖נִי לְהַעֲל֣וֹת אֹתִ֑י וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁ֠אוּל צַר־לִ֨י מְאֹ֜ד וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֣ים ׀ נִלְחָמִ֣ים בִּ֗י וֵֽאלֹהִ֞ים סָ֤ר מֵֽעָלַי֙ וְלֹֽא־עָנָ֣נִי ע֗וֹד גַּ֤ם בְּיַֽד־הַנְּבִיאִם֙ גַּם־בַּ֣חֲלֹמ֔וֹת וָאֶקְרָאֶ֣ה לְךָ֔ לְהוֹדִיעֵ֖נִי מָ֥ה אֶעֱשֶֽׂה׃ ס", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *šəmûʾêl* to *šāʾûl*, Why *hirgaztanî* *ləhaʿălôt* me? And *wayyōʾmer* *šāʾûl*, *ṣar*-for me *məʾōd* and *pəlištîm* *nilḥāmîm* against me, and *ʾĕlōhîm* has *sār* from me and not *ʿānānî* anymore, neither by the hand of the *nəḇîʾîm* neither by *ḥălōmôt*; so *wāʾeqrāʾeh* to you, *ləhôdîʿênî* what I shall *ʾeʿĕśeh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*šəmûʾêl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*hirgaztanî*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular, hiphil with 1st singular suffix - you have disturbed me", "*ləhaʿălôt*": "infinitive construct, hiphil with preposition - to bring up", "*ṣar*": "adjective - distressed", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - greatly/exceedingly", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*nilḥāmîm*": "masculine plural participle, niphal - fighting", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God", "*sār*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has departed", "*ʿānānî*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - he answered me", "*nəḇîʾîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the prophets", "*ḥălōmôt*": "masculine plural noun - dreams", "*wāʾeqrāʾeh*": "consecutive imperfect, 1st singular - and I called", "*ləhôdîʿênî*": "infinitive construct, hiphil with 1st singular suffix and preposition - to make known to me", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I shall do" }, "variants": { "*hirgaztanî*": "you have disturbed me/troubled me/disquieted me", "*ṣar-lî*": "I am distressed/in anguish/in trouble", "*nilḥāmîm*": "fighting/waging war/battling", "*sār*": "departed/turned away/withdrawn", "*ləhôdîʿênî*": "to make known to me/to inform me/to tell me" } } 16 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.16", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וְלָ֖מָּה תִּשְׁאָלֵ֑נִי וַיהוָ֛ה סָ֥ר מֵעָלֶ֖יךָ וַיְהִ֥י עָרֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *šəmûʾêl*, And why *tišʾālênî* when *YHWH* has *sār* from you and has become *ʿāreḵā*?", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*šəmûʾêl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*tišʾālênî*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - you ask me", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*sār*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has departed", "*ʿāreḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your enemy" }, "variants": { "*tišʾālênî*": "you ask me/inquire of me/consult me", "*sār*": "departed/turned away/withdrawn", "*ʿāreḵā*": "your enemy/your adversary/your foe" } } 17 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.17", "source": "וַיַּ֤עַשׂ יְהוָה֙ ל֔וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֣ר בְּיָדִ֑י וַיִּקְרַ֨ע יְהוָ֤ה אֶת־הַמַּמְלָכָה֙ מִיָּדֶ֔ךָ וַֽיִּתְּנָ֖הּ לְרֵעֲךָ֥ לְדָוִֽד׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿaś* *YHWH* for himself as he *dibber* by my *yādî*; and *wayyiqraʿ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-the *mamlāḵāh* from your *yādeḵā* and *wayyittənāh* to your *rêʿăḵā* to *dāwid*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿaś*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he has done", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*dibber*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, piel - he spoke", "*yādî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my hand", "*wayyiqraʿ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he has torn", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*mamlāḵāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the kingdom", "*yādeḵā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*wayyittənāh*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he has given it", "*rêʿăḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David" }, "variants": { "*dibber bəyādî*": "spoke through me/by my hand (idiom for prophetic agency)", "*wayyiqraʿ*": "torn/rent/stripped", "*rêʿăḵā*": "your neighbor/your companion/your fellow (referring to David)" } } 18 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.18", "source": "כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־שָׁמַ֙עְתָּ֙ בְּק֣וֹל יְהוָ֔ה וְלֹֽא־עָשִׂ֥יתָ חֲרוֹן־אַפּ֖וֹ בַּעֲמָלֵ֑ק עַל־כֵּן֙ הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה עָשָֽׂה־לְךָ֥ יְהוָ֖ה הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "Because *lōʾ*-*šāmaʿtā* to *qôl* *YHWH*, and *lōʾ*-*ʿāśîtā* *ḥărôn*-*ʾappô* against *ʿămālêq*; *ʿal*-*kên* the *dāḇār* the this *ʿāśāh*-to you *YHWH* the *yôm* the this.", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*šāmaʿtā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you obeyed", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - voice of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʿāśîtā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you executed", "*ḥărôn*": "masculine singular construct - fierceness of", "*ʾappô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anger", "*ʿămālêq*": "proper noun - Amalek", "*ʿal*": "preposition - on/upon", "*kên*": "adverb - so/thus", "*dāḇār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the thing/matter", "*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative - this", "*ʿāśāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has done", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day", "*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative - this" }, "variants": { "*lōʾ-šāmaʿtā bəqôl*": "you did not obey the voice of/listen to", "*ḥărôn-ʾappô*": "his fierce anger/his burning wrath", "*ʿāśîtā ḥărôn-ʾappô*": "you did not execute his fierce anger (idiom for carrying out his judgment)" } } 19 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.19", "source": "וְיִתֵּ֣ן יְ֠הוָה גַּ֣ם אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל עִמְּךָ֙ בְּיַד־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וּמָחָ֕ר אַתָּ֥ה וּבָנֶ֖יךָ עִמִּ֑י גַּ֚ם אֶת־מַחֲנֵ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִתֵּ֥ן יְהוָ֖ה בְּיַד־פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃", "text": "And *yittên* *YHWH* also *ʾet*-*yiśrāʾêl* with you into the hand of-*pəlištîm*, and *māḥār* you and *bānêḵā* will be with me; also *ʾet*-*maḥănêh* *yiśrāʾêl* *yittên* *YHWH* into the hand of-*pəlištîm*.", "grammar": { "*yittên*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will give", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow", "*bānêḵā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your sons", "*maḥănêh*": "masculine singular construct - camp of", "*yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yittên*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will give" }, "variants": { "*māḥār*": "tomorrow/in the near future", "*ʿimmî*": "with me (in the realm of the dead)" } } 20 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.20", "source": "וַיְמַהֵ֣ר שָׁא֗וּל וַיִּפֹּ֤ל מְלֹא־קֽוֹמָתוֹ֙ אַ֔רְצָה וַיִּרָ֥א מְאֹ֖ד מִדִּבְרֵ֣י שְׁמוּאֵ֑ל גַּם־כֹּ֙חַ֙ לֹא־הָ֣יָה ב֔וֹ כִּ֣י לֹ֤א אָכַל֙ לֶ֔חֶם כָּל־הַיּ֖וֹם וְכָל־הַלָּֽיְלָה׃", "text": "And *wayəmahêr* *šāʾûl* and *wayyippōl* *məlōʾ*-*qômātô* *ʾarṣāh*, and *wayyîrāʾ* *məʾōd* from *diḇrê* *šəmûʾêl*; also-*kōaḥ* *lōʾ*-*hāyāh* in him, because *lōʾ* *ʾāḵal* *leḥem* all-the *yôm* and all-the *lāyəlāh*.", "grammar": { "*wayəmahêr*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, piel - and he hurried", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*wayyippōl*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he fell", "*məlōʾ*": "masculine singular construct - full measure of", "*qômātô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his height/stature", "*ʾarṣāh*": "feminine singular noun with directional he - to the ground", "*wayyîrāʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he feared", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - greatly/exceedingly", "*diḇrê*": "masculine plural construct - words of", "*šəmûʾêl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*kōaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - strength", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hāyāh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was", "*ʾāḵal*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he ate", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular noun - bread/food", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day", "*lāyəlāh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the night" }, "variants": { "*wayəmahêr*": "and he hurried/hastened/acted quickly", "*məlōʾ-qômātô*": "his full length/full stature (idiom for falling prostrate)", "*kōaḥ lōʾ-hāyāh*": "there was no strength/he was completely weakened", "*leḥem*": "bread/food" } } 21 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.21", "source": "וַתָּב֤וֹא הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל וַתֵּ֖רֶא כִּי־נִבְהַ֣ל מְאֹ֑ד וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֗יו הִנֵּ֨ה שָׁמְעָ֤ה שִׁפְחָֽתְךָ֙ בְּקוֹלֶ֔ךָ וָאָשִׂ֤ים נַפְשִׁי֙ בְּכַפִּ֔י וָֽאֶשְׁמַע֙ אֶת־דְּבָרֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֖רְתָּ אֵלָֽי׃", "text": "And *wattāḇôʾ* the *ʾiššāh* to *šāʾûl* and *wattêreʾ* that he was *niḇhāl* *məʾōd*; and *wattōʾmer* to him, *hinnêh* *šāməʿāh* *šipḥātəḵā* to *qôleḵā*, and *wāʾāśîm* *napšî* *bəḵappî*, and *wāʾešmaʿ* *ʾet*-*dəḇārêḵā* which *dibbartā* to me.", "grammar": { "*wattāḇôʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she came", "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the woman", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*wattêreʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she saw", "*niḇhāl*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, niphal - was terrified", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - greatly/exceedingly", "*wattōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she said", "*hinnêh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*šāməʿāh*": "perfect, 3rd feminine singular - has obeyed", "*šipḥātəḵā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your maidservant", "*qôleḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your voice", "*wāʾāśîm*": "consecutive imperfect, 1st singular - and I put", "*napšî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - my life", "*bəḵappî*": "feminine dual noun with 1st singular suffix and preposition - in my palms/hands", "*wāʾešmaʿ*": "consecutive imperfect, 1st singular - and I obeyed", "*dəḇārêḵā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your words", "*dibbartā*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular, piel - you spoke" }, "variants": { "*niḇhāl*": "terrified/troubled/alarmed", "*šipḥātəḵā*": "your maidservant/handmaid (humble self-reference)", "*wāʾāśîm napšî bəḵappî*": "I placed my life in my hands (idiom for risking one's life)" } } 22 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.22", "source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה שְׁמַֽע־נָ֤א גַם־אַתָּה֙ בְּק֣וֹל שִׁפְחָתֶ֔ךָ וְאָשִׂ֧מָה לְפָנֶ֛יךָ פַּת־לֶ֖חֶם וֶאֱכ֑וֹל וִיהִ֤י בְךָ֙ כֹּ֔חַ כִּ֥י תֵלֵ֖ךְ בַּדָּֽרֶךְ׃", "text": "And now, *šəmaʿ*-*nāʾ* also-you to *qôl* *šipḥāteḵā*, and let me *wəʾāśîmāh* before you *pat*-*leḥem* and *weʾĕḵôl*; and let there be *wîhî* in you *kōaḥ* when *têlêḵ* on the *dāreḵ*.", "grammar": { "*šəmaʿ*": "imperative, masculine singular - listen", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - voice of", "*šipḥāteḵā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your maidservant", "*wəʾāśîmāh*": "cohortative, 1st singular - let me set", "*pat*": "feminine singular construct - piece of", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular noun - bread", "*weʾĕḵôl*": "imperative, masculine singular - and eat", "*wîhî*": "jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let there be", "*kōaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - strength", "*têlêḵ*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you go", "*dāreḵ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the way/road" }, "variants": { "*šəmaʿ-nāʾ*": "please listen/hear now", "*pat-leḥem*": "a morsel of bread/piece of food", "*kōaḥ*": "strength/energy/vigor" } } 23 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.23", "source": "וַיְמָאֵ֗ן וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אֹכַ֔ל וַיִּפְרְצוּ־ב֤וֹ עֲבָדָיו֙ וְגַם־הָ֣אִשָּׁ֔ה וַיִּשְׁמַ֖ע לְקֹלָ֑ם וַיָּ֙קָם֙ מֵֽהָאָ֔רֶץ וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב אֶל־הַמִּטָּֽה׃", "text": "And *wayəmāʾên* and *wayyōʾmer*, *lōʾ* *ʾōḵal*; but *wayyiprəṣû*-at him *ʿăḇādāyw* and also-the *ʾiššāh*, and *wayyišmaʿ* to *qōlām*; and *wayyāqām* from the *ʾāreṣ* and *wayyêšeḇ* on-the *miṭṭāh*.", "grammar": { "*wayəmāʾên*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, piel - and he refused", "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾōḵal*": "imperfect, 1st singular - I will eat", "*wayyiprəṣû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they urged", "*ʿăḇādāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the woman", "*wayyišmaʿ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he listened", "*qōlām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd plural suffix - their voice", "*wayyāqām*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he arose", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the ground", "*wayyêšeḇ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sat", "*miṭṭāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the bed" }, "variants": { "*wayəmāʾên*": "and he refused/declined/was unwilling", "*wayyiprəṣû*": "and they urged/pressed/compelled", "*wayyišmaʿ ləqōlām*": "and he heeded their voice/obeyed them" } } 24 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.24", "source": "וְלָאִשָּׁ֤ה עֵֽגֶל־מַרְבֵּק֙ בַּבַּ֔יִת וַתְּמַהֵ֖ר וַתִּזְבָּחֵ֑הוּ וַתִּקַּח־קֶ֣מַח וַתָּ֔לָשׁ וַתֹּפֵ֖הוּ מַצּֽוֹת׃", "text": "And to the *ʾiššāh* was a *ʿêgel*-*marbêq* in the *bayit*, and *wattəmahêr* and *wattizbaḥêhû*; and *wattiqaḥ*-*qemaḥ* and *wattālāš* and *wattōpêhû* *maṣṣôt*.", "grammar": { "*ʾiššāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the woman", "*ʿêgel*": "masculine singular construct - calf of", "*marbêq*": "masculine singular noun - stall/fattening", "*bayit*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the house", "*wattəmahêr*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, piel - and she hurried", "*wattizbaḥêhû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and she slaughtered it", "*wattiqaḥ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she took", "*qemaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - flour", "*wattālāš*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and she kneaded", "*wattōpêhû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and she baked it", "*maṣṣôt*": "feminine plural noun - unleavened bread" }, "variants": { "*ʿêgel-marbêq*": "fatted calf/stall-fed calf", "*wattizbaḥêhû*": "and she slaughtered it/killed it/prepared it", "*wattālāš*": "and she kneaded/mixed the dough", "*maṣṣôt*": "unleavened bread/flatbread" } } 25 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.28.25", "source": "וַתַּגֵּ֧שׁ לִפְנֵֽי־שָׁא֛וּל וְלִפְנֵ֥י עֲבָדָ֖יו וַיֹּאכֵ֑לוּ וַיָּקֻ֥מוּ וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ בַּלַּ֥יְלָה הַהֽוּא׃ פ", "text": "And *wattagêš* before *šāʾûl* and before *ʿăḇādāyw*, and *wayyōḵêlû*; and *wayyāqūmû* and *wayyêləḵû* in the *laylāh* that.", "grammar": { "*wattagêš*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, hiphil - and she brought near", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul", "*ʿăḇādāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*wayyōḵêlû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they ate", "*wayyāqūmû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they arose", "*wayyêləḵû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they went", "*laylāh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the night", "*hû*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - that" }, "variants": { "*wattagêš*": "and she served/brought near/presented", "*wayyōḵêlû*": "and they ate/consumed/had their meal" } }
• Ps 99:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.99.6", "source": "מֹ֘שֶׁ֤ה וְאַהֲרֹ֨ן ׀ בְּֽכֹהֲנָ֗יו וּ֖שְׁמוּאֵל בְּקֹרְאֵ֣י שְׁמ֑וֹ קֹרִ֥אים אֶל־יְ֝הוָ֗ה וְה֣וּא יַעֲנֵֽם׃", "text": "*mōšeh* *wə-ʾahărōn* among-*kōhănāyw* *û-šəmûʾēl* among-*qōrəʾê* *šəmô* *qōrîʾîm* to-*YHWH* *wə-hûʾ* *yaʿănēm*", "grammar": { "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*wə-ʾahărōn*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Aaron", "*kōhănāyw*": "common noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix, with preposition *bə* - among his priests", "*û-šəmûʾēl*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Samuel", "*qōrəʾê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct with preposition *bə* - among those calling upon", "*šəmô*": "common noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name", "*qōrîʾîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - calling", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name, with preposition *ʾel* - to YHWH", "*wə-hûʾ*": "conjunction + personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - and he", "*yaʿănēm*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he answered them" }, "variants": { "*kōhănāyw*": "priests/officiants", "*qōrəʾê*": "those who call/invoke/call upon", "*qōrîʾîm*": "calling/crying out to", "*yaʿănēm*": "answered/responded to them" } }
• Jer 15:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.15.1", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔י אִם־יַעֲמֹ֨ד מֹשֶׁ֤ה וּשְׁמוּאֵל֙ לְפָנַ֔י אֵ֥ין נַפְשִׁ֖י אֶל־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֑ה שַׁלַּ֥ח מֵֽעַל־פָּנַ֖י וְיֵצֵֽאוּ׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me, if-*yaʿămōd* *mōšeh* and-*šəmûʾēl* *lə-pānay*, *ʾên* *napšî* towards-*hā-ʿām* *ha-zeh*; send-away from-before-my-face and-*yēṣēʾû*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*yaʿămōd*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - would stand", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*šəmûʾēl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*lə-pānay*": "preposition + noun common masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - before me/in my presence", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*napšî*": "noun common feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my soul/my desire", "*hā-ʿām*": "article + noun common masculine singular - the people", "*ha-zeh*": "article + demonstrative adjective - this", "*yēṣēʾû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they shall go out" }, "variants": { "*ʾên napšî*": "my soul is not toward/I have no favor toward/I have no desire for", "*lə-pānay*": "before me/in my presence/before my face", "*šallaḥ*": "send away/dismiss/cast out (imperative)", "*yēṣēʾû*": "they will go out/depart/exit/leave" } }
• Matt 5:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Matthew.5.12", "source": "Χαίρετε, καὶ ἀγαλλιᾶσθε: ὅτι ὁ μισθὸς ὑμῶν πολὺς ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς: οὕτως γὰρ ἐδίωξαν τοὺς προφήτας τοὺς πρὸ ὑμῶν.", "text": "*Chairete*, and *agalliasthe*: *hoti* the *misthos* of-you *polys* in the *ouranois*: *houtōs* *gar* they-*ediōxan* the *prophētas* the before you.", "grammar": { "*Chairete*": "present active imperative, 2nd person plural - rejoice!", "*agalliasthe*": "present middle/passive imperative, 2nd person plural - be exceedingly glad!", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*misthos*": "nominative masculine singular - reward/wages", "*polys*": "nominative masculine singular - great/much", "*ouranois*": "dative masculine plural - in heavens", "*houtōs*": "adverb - in this manner/thus", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*ediōxan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they persecuted", "*prophētas*": "accusative masculine plural - prophets" }, "variants": { "*Chairete*": "rejoice/be glad/greet", "*agalliasthe*": "be exceedingly glad/exult/rejoice greatly", "*misthos*": "reward/wages/payment", "*polys*": "great/much/many", "*ouranois*": "heavens/skies", "*houtōs*": "thus/in this manner/so", "*ediōxan*": "persecuted/pursued/harassed", "*prophētas*": "prophets/those who speak forth" } }
• Luke 13:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Luke.13.28", "source": "Ἐκεῖ ἔσται ὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων, ὅταν ὄψησθε Ἀβραὰμ, καὶ Ἰσαὰκ, καὶ Ἰακὼβ, καὶ πάντας τοὺς προφήτας, ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὑμᾶς δὲ ἐκβαλλομένους ἔξω.", "text": "There *estai* the *klauthmos* and the *brygmos* of the *odontōn*, when *opsēsthe Abraam*, and *Isaak*, and *Iakōb*, and all the *prophētas*, in the *basileia* of the *Theou*, you *de ekballomenous exō*.", "grammar": { "*estai*": "future, middle, indicative, 3rd singular - will be", "*klauthmos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - weeping", "*brygmos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - gnashing", "*odontōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of teeth", "*opsēsthe*": "future, middle, indicative, 2nd plural - you will see", "*Abraam*": "accusative, masculine - Abraham", "*Isaak*": "accusative, masculine - Isaac", "*Iakōb*": "accusative, masculine - Jacob", "*prophētas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - prophets", "*basileia*": "dative, feminine, singular - kingdom", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*ekballomenous*": "present participle, passive, accusative, masculine, plural - being cast out", "*exō*": "adverb - outside" }, "variants": { "*estai*": "will be/shall be", "*klauthmos*": "weeping/wailing", "*brygmos*": "gnashing/grinding", "*odontōn*": "of teeth", "*opsēsthe*": "you will see/perceive", "*prophētas*": "prophets/seers", "*basileia*": "kingdom/reign/rule", "*ekballomenous*": "being cast out/thrown out/expelled", "*exō*": "outside/out" } }
• Luke 16:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Luke.16.31", "source": "Εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ, Εἰ Μωσέως καὶ τῶν προφητῶν οὐκ ἀκούουσιν, οὐδέ ἐάν τις ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῇ. Πεισθήσονται,", "text": "*Eipen de* to him, If *Mōseōs* and the *prophētōn* not *akouousin*, neither if someone from *nekrōn anastē* will they *peisthēsontai*,", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*Mōseōs*": "genitive singular masculine - of Moses", "*prophētōn*": "genitive plural masculine - of prophets", "*akouousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd plural - they hear/listen to", "*nekrōn*": "genitive plural masculine - dead", "*anastē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - might rise", "*peisthēsontai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd plural - they will be persuaded" }, "variants": { "*Mōseōs*": "Moses", "*prophētōn*": "prophets", "*akouousin*": "they hear/they listen to/they heed", "*nekrōn*": "dead/those who have died", "*anastē*": "might rise/might stand up/might be raised", "*peisthēsontai*": "they will be persuaded/they will be convinced" } }
• John 21:25 : 25 { "verseID": "John.21.25", "source": "Ἔστιν δὲ καὶ ἄλλα πολλὰ ὃσα ἐποίησεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς, ἅτινα, ἐὰν γράφηται καθʼ ἕν, οὐδὲ αὐτὸν οἶμαι τὸν κόσμον χωρῆσαι τὰ γραφόμενα βιβλία. Ἀμήν.", "text": "*Estin* *de* also *alla* *polla* as-many-as *epoiēsen* the *Iēsous*, which, if *graphētai* according-to one, not-even *auton* *oimai* the *kosmon* *chōrēsai* the *graphomena* *biblia*. *Amēn*.", "grammar": { "*Estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - are", "*de*": "postpositive particle - and/but", "*kai*": "adverb - also", "*alla*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, plural - other", "*polla*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, plural - many", "*hosa*": "relative pronoun, nominative, neuter, plural - as many as", "*epoiēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - did/performed", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*hatina*": "relative pronoun, nominative, neuter, plural - which", "*ean*": "conditional conjunction - if", "*graphētai*": "present passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might be written", "*kath hen*": "distributive expression - one by one", "*oude*": "negative conjunction - not even", "*auton*": "pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular - itself", "*oimai*": "present middle indicative, 1st person singular - I suppose", "*kosmon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - world", "*chōrēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to contain/have room for", "*graphomena*": "present passive participle, accusative, neuter, plural - being written", "*biblia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - books", "*Amēn*": "Hebrew term - truly/verily" }, "variants": { "*alla polla*": "many other things", "*epoiēsen*": "did/performed/accomplished", "*graphētai*": "might be written/were written down", "*kath hen*": "one by one/individually", "*oimai*": "I suppose/I think/I believe", "*kosmon*": "world/universe", "*chōrēsai*": "to contain/have room for/accommodate", "*graphomena*": "being written/written", "*biblia*": "books/scrolls" } }