Verse 23

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.49.23", "source": "וְהָי֨וּ מְלָכִ֜ים אֹֽמְנַ֗יִךְ וְשָׂרֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ מֵינִ֣יקֹתַ֔יִךְ אַפַּ֗יִם אֶ֚רֶץ יִשְׁתַּ֣חֲווּ לָ֔ךְ וַעֲפַ֥ר רַגְלַ֖יִךְ יְלַחֵ֑כוּ וְיָדַ֙עַתְּ֙ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־יֵבֹ֖שׁוּ קֹוָֽי׃ ס", "text": "*Wə-hāyû* *məlāḵîm* *ʾōmənayiḵ* *wə-śārôṯêhem* *mênîqōṯayiḵ*; *ʾappayim* *ʾereṣ* *yištaḥăwû* to-you, and-*ʿăp̱ar* *raglayiḵ* *yəlaḥēḵû*. *Wə-yāḏaʿat* that-I *YHWH*, *ʾăšer* not-*yēḇōšû* *qōwāy*.", "grammar": { "*Wə-hāyû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they will be", "*məlāḵîm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*ʾōmənayiḵ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your guardians/nurses", "*wə-śārôṯêhem*": "conjunction + noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their princesses", "*mênîqōṯayiḵ*": "verb, hiphil participle, feminine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your nursing mothers", "*ʾappayim*": "noun, masculine dual - face/nostrils", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/ground", "*yištaḥăwû*": "verb, hishtaphel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will bow down", "*ʿăp̱ar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - dust of", "*raglayiḵ*": "noun, feminine dual + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your feet", "*yəlaḥēḵû*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will lick", "*Wə-yāḏaʿat*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - and you will know", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/that", "*yēḇōšû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will be ashamed", "*qōwāy*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural + 1st singular suffix - those waiting for me" }, "variants": { "*məlāḵîm*": "kings/monarchs/rulers", "*ʾōmənayiḵ*": "your guardians/your foster fathers/your supporters", "*śārôṯêhem*": "their princesses/their female nobles/their ladies", "*mênîqōṯayiḵ*": "your nursing mothers/your wet-nurses", "*ʾappayim*": "face/nostrils/anger", "*yištaḥăwû*": "they will bow down/they will prostrate themselves/they will worship", "*yəlaḥēḵû*": "they will lick/they will lick up/they will lap", "*yāḏaʿat*": "you will know/you will recognize/you will understand", "*yēḇōšû*": "they will be ashamed/they will be disappointed/they will be disgraced", "*qōwāy*": "those waiting for me/those hoping in me/those expecting me" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Konger skal være dine fosterfedre, og deres dronninger dine ammer; de skal bøye seg for deg med ansiktet mot jorden og børste støv av dine føtter. Da skal du vite at jeg er Herren; de som venter på meg skal ikke bli til skamme.'

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Konger skal være dine fosterfedre, og deres dronninger dine pleiemødre. Med ansiktet mot jorden skal de bøye seg for deg, og de skal slikke støvet av dine føtter. Så skal du vite at jeg er Herren, for de som håper på meg skal ikke bli til skamme.

• Norsk King James

  Og konger skal være dine ammer, og deres dronninger dine pleiemødre; de skal bøye seg til deg med ansiktet mot jorden, og tilbe deg; og du skal vite at jeg er Herren: for de skal ikke bli skammet som venter på meg.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Konger skal være dine fosterfedre, og deres dronninger dine ammer. De skal bøye seg for deg med ansiktet mot jorden og slikke støvet av dine føtter. Da skal du vite at jeg er Herren, for de som håper på meg skal ikke bli skuffet.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Konger skal være dine fosterfedre, deres dronninger dine ammer. De skal bøye seg for deg med ansiktet mot jorden, og slikke støvet av dine føtter. Da skal du vite at jeg er Herren; de som håper på meg blir ikke til skamme.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Konger skal være dine fosterfedre, og deres dronninger dine pleiemødre; de skal bøye seg for deg med ansiktet mot jorden og slikke støvet av dine føtter. Da skal du vite at jeg er Herren; for de som venter på meg, skal ikke bli skuffet.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Konger skal bli som fosterfedre for deg, og deres dronninger som ammende mødre. De skal bøye seg for deg med ansiktet mot jorden og slikke støvet fra dine føtter, og du skal da vite at jeg er Herren, for de som venter på meg, skal ikke skamme seg.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Konger skal være dine fosterfedre, og deres dronninger dine pleiemødre; de skal bøye seg for deg med ansiktet mot jorden og slikke støvet av dine føtter. Da skal du vite at jeg er Herren; for de som venter på meg, skal ikke bli skuffet.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Konger skal være dine fosterfedre og deres dronninger dine ammer. De skal bøye seg for deg med ansiktet mot jorden og slikke støvet av dine føtter. Da skal du kjenne at jeg er Herren, for de som håper på meg, skal ikke bli til skamme.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Kings will be your foster fathers, and their queens your nursing mothers. They will bow down to you with their faces to the ground and lick the dust at your feet. Then you will know that I am the Lord; those who hope in Me will not be disappointed.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Konger skal være dine fosterfedre, og deres dronninger dine ammer. De skal bøye seg for deg med ansiktet mot jorden og slikke støvet ved dine føtter. Da skal du vite at jeg er Herren, og de som håper på meg, skal ikke bli til skamme.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og Konger skulle være dine Fosterfædre, og deres Fyrstinder skulle være dine Ammer, de skulle nedbøie sig til Jorden paa Ansigtet for dig og opslikke dine Fødders Støv; da skal du fornemme, at jeg er Herren, ved hvem de ikke skulle beskjæmmes, som forvente mig.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And kings shall be thy nursing fathers, and their queens thy nursing mothers: they shall bow down to thee with their face toward the earth, and lick up the dust of thy feet; and thou shalt know that I am the LORD: for they shall not be ashamed that wait for me.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Konger skal være dine fosterfedre og deres dronninger dine fostermødre; de skal bøye seg for deg med ansiktet mot jorden, og slikke støvet av dine føtter. Da skal du forstå at jeg er Herren, for de som venter på meg skal ikke skamme seg.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  And kings shall be your nursing fathers, and their queens your nursing mothers: they shall bow down to you with their face toward the earth, and lick up the dust of your feet; and you shall know that I am the LORD: for they shall not be ashamed who wait for me.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And kings shall be thy nursing fathers, and their queens thy nursing mothers: they shall bow down to thee with their face toward the earth, and lick up the dust of thy feet; and thou shalt know that I am the LORD: for they shall not be ashamed that wait for me.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Konger skal være dine fosterfedre, og deres dronninger dine ammer: de skal bøye seg ned for deg med ansiktet mot jorden, og de skal slikke støvet av dine føtter; og du skal vite at jeg er Herren, og de som venter på meg skal ikke bli skuffet.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Konger skal være dine fosterforeldre, og dronninger dine ammer. De skal bøye seg ned for deg med ansiktet mot jorden og slikke støvet av dine føtter. Da skal du vite at jeg er Herren, og de som venter på meg skal ikke bli skuffet.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Og konger skal være dine fosterfedre, og deres dronninger dine ammer; de skal bøye seg ned for deg med ansiktet mot jorden, og slikke støvet av dine føtter. Da skal du vite at jeg er Herren; de som venter på meg skal ikke bli til skamme.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Og konger vil ta vare på deg, og dronninger vil gi deg deres melk: de vil bøye seg med ansiktet ned for deg, kysse støvet av dine føtter; og du vil vite at jeg er Herren, og at de som setter sitt håp til meg ikke vil bli skamfulle.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  For kinges shalbe thy noursinge fathers, and Quenes shalbe thy noursinge mothers. They shal fall before the wt their faces flat vpon the earth, and lick vp the dust of thy fete: that thou mayest knowe, how that I am the LORDE. And who so putteth his trust in me, shal not be confounded.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And Kings shalbe thy nourcing fathers, and Queenes shalbe thy nources: they shall worship thee with their faces towarde the earth, and licke vp the dust of thy feete: and thou shalt knowe that I am the Lord: for they shall not be ashamed that waite for me.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  For kynges shalbe thy nursyng fathers, and queenes shalbe thy nursyng mothers: They shall fall before thee with their faces flat vpon the earth, & lick vp the dust of thy feete: that thou mayest knowe howe that I am the Lorde, and that who so putteth their trust in me shall not be confounded.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And kings shall be thy nursing fathers, and their queens thy nursing mothers: they shall bow down to thee with [their] face toward the earth, and lick up the dust of thy feet; and thou shalt know that I [am] the LORD: for they shall not be ashamed that wait for me.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Kings shall be your nursing fathers, and their queens your nursing mothers: they shall bow down to you with their faces to the earth, and lick the dust of your feet; and you shall know that I am Yahweh; and those who wait for me shall not be disappointed.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And kings have been thy nursing fathers, And their princesses thy nursing mothers; Face to the earth -- they bow down to thee, And the dust of thy feet they lick up, And thou hast known that I `am' Jehovah, That those expecting Me are not ashamed.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And kings shall be thy nursing fathers, and their queens thy nursing mothers: they shall bow down to thee with their faces to the earth, and lick the dust of thy feet; and thou shalt know that I am Jehovah; and they that wait for me shall not be put to shame.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And kings will take care of you, and queens will give you their milk: they will go down on their faces before you, kissing the dust of your feet; and you will be certain that I am the Lord, and that those who put their hope in me will not be shamed.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Kings shall be your nursing fathers, and their queens your nursing mothers: they shall bow down to you with their faces to the earth, and lick the dust of your feet; and you shall know that I am Yahweh; and those who wait for me shall not be disappointed."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Kings will be your children’s guardians; their princesses will nurse your children. With their faces to the ground they will bow down to you and they will lick the dirt on your feet. Then you will recognize that I am the LORD; those who wait patiently for me are not put to shame.

Referenced Verses

• Isa 60:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Isaiah.60.16", "source": "וְיָנַקְתְּ֙ חֲלֵ֣ב גּוֹיִ֔ם וְשֹׁ֥ד מְלָכִ֖ים תִּינָ֑קִי וְיָדַ֗עַתְּ כִּ֣י אֲנִ֤י יְהוָה֙ מֽוֹשִׁיעֵ֔ךְ וְגֹאֲלֵ֖ךְ אֲבִ֥יר יַעֲקֹֽב׃", "text": "*wə-yānaqt* *ḥălēḇ* *gôyim* *wə-šōḏ* *məlāḵîm* *tînāqî* *wə-yāḏaʿat* *kî* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *môšîʿēḵ* *wə-ḡōʾălēḵ* *ʾăḇîr* *yaʿăqōḇ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yānaqt*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd feminine singular, qal - and you will suckle", "*ḥălēḇ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - milk of", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations", "*wə-šōḏ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and breast of", "*məlāḵîm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*tînāqî*": "imperfect, 2nd feminine singular, qal - you will nurse", "*wə-yāḏaʿat*": "conjunction + perfect, 2nd feminine singular, qal - and you will know", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾănî*": "personal pronoun, 1st common singular - I", "*YHWH*": "divine name, proper noun", "*môšîʿēḵ*": "participle, masculine singular, hiphil with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your savior", "*wə-ḡōʾălēḵ*": "conjunction + participle, masculine singular, qal with 2nd feminine singular suffix - and your redeemer", "*ʾăḇîr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - Mighty One of", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun - Jacob" }, "variants": { "*yānaqt*": "you will suckle/you will nurse", "*ḥălēḇ*": "milk/abundance", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*šōḏ*": "breast/abundance/wealth", "*məlāḵîm*": "kings/rulers/monarchs", "*tînāqî*": "you will nurse/you will suck", "*yāḏaʿat*": "you will know/you will recognize/you will acknowledge", "*môšîʿa*": "savior/deliverer/rescuer", "*gōʾēl*": "redeemer/avenger/kinsman-redeemer", "*ʾăḇîr*": "Mighty One/Champion/Strong One", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "Jacob (proper name/Israel)" } }
• Isa 60:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.60.14", "source": "וְהָלְכ֨וּ אֵלַ֤יִךְ שְׁח֙וֹחַ֙ בְּנֵ֣י מְעַנַּ֔יִךְ וְהִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֛וּ עַל־כַּפּ֥וֹת רַגְלַ֖יִךְ כָּל־מְנַֽאֲצָ֑יִךְ וְקָ֤רְאוּ לָךְ֙ עִ֣יר יְהוָ֔ה צִיּ֖וֹן קְד֥וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wə-hālḵû* *ʾēlayik* *šəḥôaḥ* *bənê* *məʿannayik* *wə-hištaḥăwû* *ʿal-kappôṯ* *raḡlayik* *kāl-mənaʾăṣāyik* *wə-qārəʾû* *lāḵ* *ʿîr* *YHWH* *ṣiyyôn* *qəḏôš* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-hālḵû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will come/walk", "*ʾēlayik*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*šəḥôaḥ*": "infinitive absolute - bowing down", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*məʿannayik*": "participle, masculine plural, piel with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your oppressors", "*wə-hištaḥăwû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural, hitpael - and they will prostrate themselves", "*ʿal-kappôṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - at the soles of", "*raḡlayik*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your feet", "*kāl-mənaʾăṣāyik*": "noun, masculine singular + participle, masculine plural, piel with 2nd feminine singular suffix - all your despisers", "*wə-qārəʾû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will call", "*lāḵ*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular construct - city of", "*YHWH*": "divine name, proper noun", "*ṣiyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion", "*qəḏôš*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - Holy One of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*hālḵû*": "they will come/they will walk/they will go", "*šəḥôaḥ*": "bowing down/bending low/humble", "*bənê*": "sons of/children of/descendants of", "*məʿannayik*": "your oppressors/your afflicters/those who tormented you", "*hištaḥăwû*": "they will prostrate themselves/they will bow down/they will worship", "*kappôṯ*": "soles/palms", "*raḡlayim*": "feet", "*mənaʾăṣāyik*": "your despisers/those who rejected you/those who scorned you", "*qārəʾû*": "they will call/they will name/they will proclaim", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*ṣiyyôn*": "Zion (place name)", "*qəḏôš*": "Holy One/sacred one" } }
• Mic 7:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Micah.7.17", "source": "יְלַחֲכ֤וּ עָפָר֙ כַּנָּחָ֔שׁ כְּזֹחֲלֵ֣י אֶ֔רֶץ יִרְגְּז֖וּ מִמִּסְגְּרֹֽתֵיהֶ֑ם אֶל־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ יִפְחָ֔דוּ וְיִֽרְא֖וּ מִמֶּֽךָּ׃", "text": "They will *yəlaḥăkû* *ʿāpār* like-the-*nāḥāš*, like-*zōḥălê* *ʾereṣ*; they will *yirgəzû* from their *misgərōtêhem*, to-*YHWH* our *ʾĕlōhênû* they will *yipḥādû*, and they will *yîrʾû* from you.", "grammar": { "*yəlaḥăkû*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will lick", "*ʿāpār*": "masculine singular noun - dust", "*ka-nāḥāš*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - like the serpent", "*kə*": "preposition - like", "*zōḥălê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - crawlers of", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/ground", "*yirgəzû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will tremble", "*mi-misgərōtêhem*": "preposition + feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from their strongholds", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*yipḥādû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will dread/fear", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yîrʾû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will fear", "*mimmekā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - because of you" }, "variants": { "*yəlaḥăkû ʿāpār*": "they will lick dust/eat dirt", "*nāḥāš*": "serpent/snake", "*zōḥălê ʾereṣ*": "crawlers of earth/things that crawl on ground", "*yirgəzû*": "they will tremble/be agitated/come trembling", "*misgərōtêhem*": "their strongholds/fortresses/hiding places", "*yipḥādû*": "they will dread/be in awe/fear", "*yîrʾû*": "they will fear/be afraid/be in awe" } }
• Isa 60:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.60.3", "source": "וְהָלְכ֥וּ גוֹיִ֖ם לְאוֹרֵ֑ךְ וּמְלָכִ֖ים לְנֹ֥גַהּ זַרְחֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*wə-hālḵû* *gôyim* *lə-ʾôrēḵ* *û-məlāḵîm* *lə-nōḡah* *zarḥēḵ*", "grammar": { "*wə-hālḵû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will walk/come", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations/gentiles", "*lə-ʾôrēḵ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to your light", "*û-məlāḵîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and kings", "*lə-nōḡah*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - to the brightness of", "*zarḥēḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your rising/shining" }, "variants": { "*hālḵû*": "will walk/will come/will go/will proceed", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples/foreigners", "*ʾôr*": "light/brightness/illumination/daylight", "*məlāḵîm*": "kings/rulers/sovereigns", "*nōḡah*": "brightness/radiance/splendor/shining", "*zarḥēḵ*": "your rising/your shining/your dawning" } }
• Isa 60:10-11 : 10 { "verseID": "Isaiah.60.10", "source": "וּבָנ֤וּ בְנֵֽי־נֵכָר֙ חֹמֹתַ֔יִךְ וּמַלְכֵיהֶ֖ם יְשָׁרְת֑וּנֶךְ כִּ֤י בְקִצְפִּי֙ הִכִּיתִ֔יךְ וּבִרְצוֹנִ֖י רִֽחַמְתִּֽיךְ׃", "text": "*û-ḇānû* *ḇənê-nēḵār* *ḥōmōṯayik* *û-malḵêhem* *yəšārətûneḵ* *kî* *ḇə-qiṣpî* *hikkîṯîḵ* *û-ḇirṣônî* *riḥamtîḵ*", "grammar": { "*û-ḇānû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will build", "*ḇənê-nēḵār*": "noun, masculine plural construct + noun, masculine singular - sons of foreigners", "*ḥōmōṯayik*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your walls", "*û-malḵêhem*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their kings", "*yəšārətûneḵ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, piel with 2nd feminine singular suffix - they will serve you", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ḇə-qiṣpî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - in my wrath", "*hikkîṯîḵ*": "perfect, 1st common singular, hiphil with 2nd feminine singular suffix - I struck you", "*û-ḇirṣônî*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - and in my favor", "*riḥamtîḵ*": "perfect, 1st common singular, piel with 2nd feminine singular suffix - I have had compassion on you" }, "variants": { "*ḇānû*": "they will build/they will construct/they will establish", "*ḇənê-nēḵār*": "sons of foreigners/foreigners/strangers/aliens", "*ḥōmōṯ*": "walls/ramparts/fortifications", "*malḵêhem*": "their kings/their rulers/their monarchs", "*yəšārətûneḵ*": "they will serve you/they will minister to you", "*qiṣp*": "wrath/anger/indignation", "*hikkîṯîḵ*": "I struck you/I hit you/I punished you", "*rāṣôn*": "favor/goodwill/acceptance/pleasure", "*riḥamtîḵ*": "I have had compassion on you/I have shown mercy to you/I have loved you" } } 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.60.11", "source": "וּפִתְּח֨וּ שְׁעָרַ֧יִךְ תָּמִ֛יד יוֹמָ֥ם וָלַ֖יְלָה לֹ֣א יִסָּגֵ֑רוּ לְהָבִ֤יא אֵלַ֙יִךְ֙ חֵ֣יל גּוֹיִ֔ם וּמַלְכֵיהֶ֖ם נְהוּגִֽים׃", "text": "*û-p̄ittəḥû* *šəʿārayik* *tāmîḏ* *yômām* *wā-laylāh* *lōʾ* *yissāḡērû* *ləhāḇîʾ* *ʾēlayik* *ḥêl* *gôyim* *û-malḵêhem* *nəhûḡîm*", "grammar": { "*û-p̄ittəḥû*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will open", "*šəʿārayik*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your gates", "*tāmîḏ*": "adverb - continually/always", "*yômām*": "adverb - by day", "*wā-laylāh*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and by night", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yissāḡērû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, niphal - they will be shut", "*ləhāḇîʾ*": "preposition + infinitive construct, hiphil - to bring", "*ʾēlayik*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - to you", "*ḥêl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - wealth/force of", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations", "*û-malḵêhem*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their kings", "*nəhûḡîm*": "passive participle, masculine plural - being led" }, "variants": { "*p̄ittəḥû*": "they will open/they will unlock", "*šəʿārayik*": "your gates/your entrances", "*tāmîḏ*": "continually/always/perpetually", "*yômām*": "by day/daytime", "*laylāh*": "by night/nighttime", "*yissāḡērû*": "they will be shut/they will be closed", "*ləhāḇîʾ*": "to bring/to lead in/to carry", "*ḥêl*": "wealth/force/strength/army", "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*malḵêhem*": "their kings/their rulers/their monarchs", "*nəhûḡîm*": "being led/being guided/being conducted" } }
• Isa 45:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.45.14", "source": "כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה יְגִ֨יעַ מִצְרַ֥יִם וּֽסְחַר־כּוּשׁ֮ וּסְבָאִים֮ אַנְשֵׁ֣י מִדָּה֒ עָלַ֤יִךְ יַעֲבֹ֙רוּ֙ וְלָ֣ךְ יִֽהְי֔וּ אַחֲרַ֣יִךְ יֵלֵ֔כוּ בַּזִּקִּ֖ים יַעֲבֹ֑רוּ וְאֵלַ֤יִךְ יִֽשְׁתַּחֲוּוּ֙ אֵלַ֣יִךְ יִתְפַּלָּ֔לוּ אַ֣ךְ בָּ֥ךְ אֵ֛ל וְאֵ֥ין ע֖וֹד אֶ֥פֶס אֱלֹהִֽים", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *yĕgîaʿ* *miṣrayim* and-*sĕḥar*-*kûš* and-*sĕbāʾîm* *ʾanšê* *middâ* upon-you *yaʿăbōrû* and-to-you *yihyû* after-you *yēlēkû* in-*zikkîm* *yaʿăbōrû* and-to-you *yištaḥăwû* to-you *yitpallālû* surely in-you *ʾēl* and-*ʾên* *ʿôd* *ʾepes* *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said/spoke", "*yĕgîaʿ*": "masculine singular construct - produce/wealth of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*sĕḥar*": "masculine singular construct - merchandise of", "*kûš*": "proper noun - Cush/Ethiopia", "*sĕbāʾîm*": "proper noun, plural - Sabeans", "*ʾanšê*": "masculine plural construct - men of", "*middâ*": "feminine singular noun - measure/stature", "*yaʿăbōrû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will pass over/cross over", "*yihyû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will be", "*yēlēkû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will go/walk", "*zikkîm*": "masculine plural noun - chains/fetters", "*yištaḥăwû*": "hishtaphel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will bow down", "*yitpallālû*": "hithpael imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will pray", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/deity", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not/there is no", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/yet/besides", "*ʾepes*": "adverb - nothing/none" }, "variants": { "*yĕgîaʿ*": "produce/wealth/labor/toil", "*sĕḥar*": "merchandise/trade/traffic", "*ʾanšê*": "men of/people of", "*middâ*": "measure/stature/height", "*yaʿăbōrû*": "they will pass over/cross over/come over", "*zikkîm*": "chains/fetters/shackles", "*yištaḥăwû*": "they will bow down/prostrate themselves/worship", "*yitpallālû*": "they will pray/supplicate/intercede", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*ʾepes*": "nothing/none/zero/end" } }
• Ps 25:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.25.3", "source": "גַּ֣ם כָּל־ק֭וֹיֶךָ לֹ֣א יֵבֹ֑שׁוּ יֵ֝בֹ֗שׁוּ הַבּוֹגְדִ֥ים רֵיקָֽם", "text": "*gam kol-qôyêḵā* not *yēḇōšû* *yēḇōšû haḇḇôgĕdîm rêqām*", "grammar": { "*gam*": "adverb - 'also/indeed/moreover'", "*kol-qôyêḵā*": "noun construct + participle, Qal masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'all who wait for you'", "*yēḇōšû*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - 'they will be ashamed'", "*haḇḇôgĕdîm*": "definite article + participle, Qal masculine plural - 'the ones acting treacherously'", "*rêqām*": "adverb - 'emptily/without cause'" }, "variants": { "*qôyêḵā*": "those who wait for you/hope in you/expect you", "*yēḇōšû*": "be ashamed/be disappointed/be confounded", "*haḇḇôgĕdîm*": "the treacherous ones/the betrayers/the unfaithful", "*rêqām*": "without cause/in vain/emptily" } }
• Gen 43:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Genesis.43.26", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֤א יוֹסֵף֙ הַבַּ֔יְתָה וַיָּבִ֥יאּוּ ל֛וֹ אֶת־הַמִּנְחָ֥ה אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָדָ֖ם הַבָּ֑יְתָה וַיִּשְׁתַּחֲווּ־ל֖וֹ אָֽרְצָה׃", "text": "*wə-yāḇōʾ* *Yôsēp̄* the *baytâ* *wə-yāḇîʾû* *lô* *ʾet*-the *minḥâ* *ʾăšer*-*bə-yāḏām* the *bāytâ* *wə-yištaḥăwû*-*lô* *ʾārṣâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yāḇōʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*Yôsēp̄*": "proper noun - Joseph", "*baytâ*": "noun, masculine singular + directional heh - to the house", "*wə-yāḇîʾû*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they brought", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*minḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular - gift/present", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*bə-yāḏām*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their hand", "*bāytâ*": "noun, masculine singular + directional heh - into the house", "*wə-yištaḥăwû*": "conjunction + Hishtaphel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they bowed down", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ʾārṣâ*": "noun, feminine singular + directional heh - to the ground" }, "variants": { "*wə-yāḇōʾ*": "and he came/entered", "*baytâ*": "to the house/home/indoors", "*wə-yāḇîʾû*": "and they brought/carried/presented", "*bə-yāḏām*": "in their hand/possession/control", "*wə-yištaḥăwû*": "and they bowed down/prostrated themselves", "*ʾārṣâ*": "to the ground/earth/land" } }
• Isa 25:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.25.9", "source": "וְאָמַר֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא הִנֵּ֨ה אֱלֹהֵ֥ינוּ זֶ֛ה קִוִּ֥ינוּ ל֖וֹ וְיֽוֹשִׁיעֵ֑נוּ זֶ֤ה יְהוָה֙ קִוִּ֣ינוּ ל֔וֹ נָגִ֥ילָה וְנִשְׂמְחָ֖ה בִּישׁוּעָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wĕʾāmar* in-the-*yôm* the-*hûʾ* *hinnēh* *ʾĕlōhênû* *zeh* *qiwwînû* to-him *wĕyôšîʿēnû* *zeh* *YHWH* *qiwwînû* to-him *nāgîlāh* *wĕniśmĕḥāh* in-*yĕšûʿātô*", "grammar": { "*wĕʾāmar*": "conjunction with verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be said", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - that", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold, see", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*qiwwînû*": "verb, piel perfect, 1st person plural - we waited", "*wĕyôšîʿēnû*": "conjunction with verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - and he will save us", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*nāgîlāh*": "verb, qal imperfect cohortative, 1st person plural - let us rejoice", "*wĕniśmĕḥāh*": "conjunction with verb, qal imperfect cohortative, 1st person plural - and let us be glad", "*yĕšûʿātô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his salvation" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh ʾĕlōhênû zeh*": "behold, this is our God", "*qiwwînû lô*": "we waited for him, we hoped in him", "*yôšîʿēnû*": "he will save us, he will deliver us", "*nāgîlāh wĕniśmĕḥāh bîšûʿātô*": "let us rejoice and be glad in his salvation" } }
• Rom 10:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Romans.10.11", "source": "Λέγει γὰρ ἡ γραφή, Πᾶς ὁ πιστεύων ἐπʼ αὐτῷ οὐ καταισχυνθήσεται.", "text": "*Legei gar hē graphē*, *Pas ho pisteuōn ep' autō ou kataischynthēsetai*.", "grammar": { "*Legei*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - says", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*hē graphē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the scripture", "*Pas*": "nominative, masculine, singular - everyone", "*ho pisteuōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular - the one believing", "*ep' autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - on him", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*kataischynthēsetai*": "future passive, 3rd singular - will be put to shame" }, "variants": { "*graphē*": "scripture/writing", "*pisteuōn*": "believing/trusting/having faith", "*ep'*": "on/upon/in", "*kataischynthēsetai*": "will be put to shame/disgraced/disappointed" } }
• 1 Pet 2:6 : 6 { "verseID": "1 Peter.2.6", "source": "Διὸ καὶ περιέχει ἐν τῇ γραφῇ, Ἰδοὺ, τίθημι ἐν Σιὼν λίθον ἀκρογωνιαῖον, ἐκλεκτόν, ἔντιμον: καὶ ὁ πιστεύων ἐπ αὐτῷ οὐ μὴ καταισχυνθῇ.", "text": "*Dio kai periechei* in the *graphē*, *Idou*, *tithēmi* in *Siōn lithon akrogōniaion*, *eklekton*, *entimon*: and the *pisteuōn ep autō ou mē kataischynthē*.", "grammar": { "*Dio*": "conjunction - therefore/for this reason", "*kai*": "conjunction - also/even", "*periechei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - it contains/it is contained", "*graphē*": "noun, feminine singular dative - scripture/writing", "*Idou*": "interjection - behold/look", "*tithēmi*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular - I place/put/lay", "*Siōn*": "noun, feminine singular dative - Zion", "*lithon*": "noun, masculine singular accusative - stone", "*akrogōniaion*": "adjective, masculine singular accusative - chief corner", "*eklekton*": "adjective, masculine singular accusative - chosen/elect", "*entimon*": "adjective, masculine singular accusative - precious/honored", "*pisteuōn*": "present active participle, masculine singular nominative - believing", "*ep*": "preposition + dative - on/upon", "*autō*": "pronoun, masculine singular dative - him/it", "*ou mē*": "double negative - by no means/certainly not", "*kataischynthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - be put to shame/be disappointed" }, "variants": { "*Dio*": "therefore/for this reason/wherefore", "*periechei*": "it contains/it is contained/it says", "*graphē*": "scripture/writing", "*tithēmi*": "I place/put/lay", "*lithon*": "stone/rock", "*akrogōniaion*": "chief corner/cornerstone", "*eklekton*": "chosen/elect/selected", "*entimon*": "precious/honored/valuable", "*pisteuōn*": "believing/trusting", "*kataischynthē*": "be put to shame/be disappointed/be confounded" } }
• Rev 3:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Revelation.3.9", "source": "Ἰδοὺ, διδωμι ἐκ τῆς συναγωγῆς τοῦ Σατανᾶ, τῶν λεγόντων ἑαυτοὺς Ἰουδαίους εἶναι, καὶ οὐκ εἰσὶν, ἀλλὰ ψεύδονται· ἰδοὺ ποιήσω αὐτοὺς, ἵνα ἥξωσιν καὶ προσκυνήσωσιν ἐνώπιον τῶν ποδῶν σου, καὶ γνῶσιν ὅτι ἐγὼ ἠγάπησά σε.", "text": "*Idou*, *didōmi* from the *synagōgēs* of-the *Satana*, the ones *legontōn heautous Ioudaious einai*, and not *eisin*, but *pseudontai*; *idou poiēsō autous*, that *hēxōsin* and *proskynēsōsin enōpion* of-the *podōn* of-you, and *gnōsin* that I *ēgapēsa* you.", "grammar": { "*Idou*": "aorist middle imperative - behold/look/see", "*didōmi*": "present active, 1st singular - I give/am giving", "*synagōgēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - synagogue/assembly", "*Satana*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Satan", "*legontōn*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - saying/claiming", "*heautous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, reflexive pronoun - themselves", "*Ioudaious*": "accusative, masculine, plural - Jews", "*einai*": "present active infinitive - to be", "*eisin*": "present active, 3rd plural - they are", "*pseudontai*": "present middle/passive, 3rd plural - they lie/deceive", "*poiēsō*": "future active, 1st singular - I will make", "*autous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - them", "*hēxōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd plural - they might come", "*proskynēsōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd plural - they might worship/bow down", "*enōpion*": "preposition + genitive - before/in front of", "*podōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of feet", "*gnōsin*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd plural - they might know", "*ēgapēsa*": "aorist active, 1st singular - I loved" }, "variants": { "*Idou*": "behold/look/see", "*didōmi*": "give/grant/deliver", "*synagōgēs*": "synagogue/assembly/congregation", "*legontōn*": "saying/claiming/declaring", "*Ioudaious*": "Jews/Judeans", "*eisin*": "are/exist", "*pseudontai*": "lie/speak falsely/deceive", "*poiēsō*": "will make/cause/bring about", "*hēxōsin*": "might come/arrive", "*proskynēsōsin*": "might worship/bow down/prostrate", "*gnōsin*": "might know/recognize/understand", "*ēgapēsa*": "loved/had affection for" } }
• Rev 21:24-26 : 24 { "verseID": "Revelation.21.24", "source": "Καὶ τὰ ἔθνη τῶν σωζομένων ἐν τῷ φωτί αὐτῆς περιπατήσουσι: καὶ οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς φέρουσιν τὴν δόξαν καὶ τὴν τιμὴν αὐτῶν εἰς αὐτήν.", "text": "And the *ethnē* of-the ones-being-*sōzomenōn* in the *phōti* of-her will-*peripatēsousi*: and the *basileis* of-the *gēs* *pherousin* the *doxan* and the *timēn* of-them into her.", "grammar": { "*ethnē*": "nominative, neuter, plural - nations/peoples", "*sōzomenōn*": "present passive participle, genitive, masculine, plural - being saved", "*phōti*": "dative, neuter, singular - light", "*peripatēsousi*": "future active indicative, 3rd person plural - will walk", "*basileis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - kings/rulers", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*pherousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - bring/carry", "*doxan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - glory/honor", "*timēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - honor/value" }, "variants": { "*ethnē*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*sōzomenōn*": "being saved/being rescued/being preserved", "*phōti*": "light/illumination/radiance", "*peripatēsousi*": "will walk/will conduct themselves/will live", "*basileis*": "kings/rulers/monarchs", "*gēs*": "earth/land/ground/territory", "*pherousin*": "bring/carry/bear", "*doxan*": "glory/honor/splendor/radiance", "*timēn*": "honor/value/price/respect" } } 25 { "verseID": "Revelation.21.25", "source": "Καὶ οἱ πυλῶνες αὐτῆς οὐ μὴ κλεισθῶσιν ἡμέρας: νὺξ γὰρ οὐκ ἔσται ἐκεῖ.", "text": "And the *pylōnes* of-her not never will-be-*kleisthōsin* of-*hēmeras*: *nyx* for not will-*estai* there.", "grammar": { "*pylōnes*": "nominative, masculine, plural - gates", "*kleisthōsin*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person plural - might be shut/closed", "*hēmeras*": "genitive, feminine, singular - day", "*nyx*": "nominative, feminine, singular - night", "*estai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person singular - will be" }, "variants": { "*pylōnes*": "gates/gateways/entrances", "*kleisthōsin*": "might be shut/closed/sealed", "*hēmeras*": "day/daytime", "*nyx*": "night/darkness" } } 26 { "verseID": "Revelation.21.26", "source": "Καὶ οἴσουσιν τὴν δόξαν καὶ τὴν τιμὴν τῶν ἐθνῶν εἰς αὐτήν.", "text": "And they-will-*oisousin* the *doxan* and the *timēn* of-the *ethnōn* into her.", "grammar": { "*oisousin*": "future active indicative, 3rd person plural - will bring", "*doxan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - glory/honor", "*timēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - honor/value", "*ethnōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - nations/peoples" }, "variants": { "*oisousin*": "will bring/will carry/will bear", "*doxan*": "glory/honor/splendor/radiance", "*timēn*": "honor/value/price/respect", "*ethnōn*": "nations/peoples/gentiles" } }
• Rom 5:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Romans.5.5", "source": "Ἡ δὲ ἐλπὶς οὐ καταισχύνει· ὅτι ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐκκέχυται ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν διὰ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου τοῦ δοθέντος ἡμῖν", "text": "And the *elpis* not *kataischynei*; because the *agapē* of the *Theou* has been *ekkechytai* in the *kardiais* of us through *Pneumatos Hagiou* the *dothentos* to us", "grammar": { "*elpis*": "nominative singular feminine - hope/expectation", "*kataischynei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - puts to shame/disappoints", "*agapē*": "nominative singular feminine - love", "*Theou*": "genitive singular masculine - of God", "*ekkechytai*": "perfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - has been poured out/shed abroad", "*kardiais*": "dative plural feminine - hearts", "*Pneumatos Hagiou*": "genitive singular neuter - of the Holy Spirit", "*dothentos*": "aorist passive participle, genitive singular neuter - having been given" }, "variants": { "*elpis*": "hope/expectation/confidence", "*kataischynei*": "puts to shame/disappoints/disgraces", "*agapē*": "love/charity/benevolence", "*ekkechytai*": "has been poured out/shed abroad/lavished", "*kardiais*": "hearts/inner beings/minds", "*Pneumatos Hagiou*": "Holy Spirit/Sacred Breath", "*dothentos*": "having been given/granted/bestowed" } }
• Rom 9:33 : 33 { "verseID": "Romans.9.33", "source": "Καθὼς γέγραπται, Ἰδοὺ, τίθημι ἐν Σιὼν λίθον προσκόμματος καὶ πέτραν σκανδάλου: καὶ πᾶς ὁ πιστεύων ἐπʼ αὐτῷ οὐ καταισχυνθήσεται.", "text": "Just as it has been *gegraptai*, *Idou*, I *tithēmi* in *Siōn lithon proskommatos* and *petran skandalou*: and *pas* the *pisteuōn* upon him not *kataischynthēsetai*.", "grammar": { "*gegraptai*": "perfect, indicative, passive, 3rd person singular - it has been written", "*Idou*": "aorist, imperative, middle - behold/look", "*tithēmi*": "present, indicative, active, 1st person singular - I place/put", "*Siōn*": "dative, feminine, singular - in Zion", "*lithon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - stone", "*proskommatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of stumbling", "*petran*": "accusative, feminine, singular - rock", "*skandalou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of offense", "*pas*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - all/every", "*pisteuōn*": "present, participle, active, nominative, masculine, singular - believing", "*kataischynthēsetai*": "future, indicative, passive, 3rd person singular - will be put to shame" }, "variants": { "*gegraptai*": "it has been written/it stands written", "*Idou*": "behold/look/see", "*tithēmi*": "I place/put/lay", "*lithon proskommatos*": "stone of stumbling/stumbling stone", "*petran skandalou*": "rock of offense/rock causing falling", "*pisteuōn*": "believing/trusting/having faith", "*kataischynthēsetai*": "will be put to shame/will be dishonored/will be disappointed" } }
• Isa 62:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.62.2", "source": "וְרָא֤וּ גוֹיִם֙ צִדְקֵ֔ךְ וְכָל־מְלָכִ֖ים כְּבוֹדֵ֑ךְ וְקֹ֤רָא לָךְ֙ שֵׁ֣ם חָדָ֔שׁ אֲשֶׁ֛ר פִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה יִקֳּבֶֽנּוּ׃", "text": "And-*rāʾû* *gôyim* *ṣidqēk* and-all-*mᵉlākîm* *kᵉbôdēk* and-*qōrāʾ* to-you *šēm* *ḥādāš* which *pî* *YHWH* *yiqqŏbennû*", "grammar": { "*rāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they will see", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations/peoples", "*ṣidqēk*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your righteousness", "*mᵉlākîm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*kᵉbôdēk*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your glory", "*qōrāʾ*": "Pual perfect 3rd person masculine singular - will be called", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular - name", "*ḥādāš*": "adjective, masculine singular - new", "*pî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mouth of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*yiqqŏbennû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he will designate it" }, "variants": { "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*ṣidqēk*": "your righteousness/your vindication/your justice", "*kᵉbôdēk*": "your glory/your honor/your splendor", "*qōrāʾ*": "will be called/will be named", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/renown", "*ḥādāš*": "new/fresh/renewed", "*yiqqŏbennû*": "will designate it/will pronounce it/will specify it" } }
• Isa 64:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.64.4", "source": "פָּגַ֤עְתָּ אֶת־שָׂשׂ֙ וְעֹ֣שֵׂה צֶ֔דֶק בִּדְרָכֶ֖יךָ יִזְכְּר֑וּךָ הֵן־אַתָּ֤ה קָצַ֙פְתָּ֙ וַֽנֶּחֱטָ֔א בָּהֶ֥ם עוֹלָ֖ם וְנִוָּשֵֽׁעַ׃", "text": "*Pāgaʿtā* *ʾet*-*śāś* and *ʿōśēh* *ṣedeq* in *dᵊrākêkā* *yizkᵊrûkā* behold-*ʾattāh* *qāṣaptā* and *neḥĕṭāʾ* in them *ʿôlām* and *niwwāšēaʿ*", "grammar": { "*Pāgaʿtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you met/encountered", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*śāś*": "Qal participle masculine singular - rejoicing", "*ʿōśēh*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct - doer of", "*ṣedeq*": "common masculine singular noun - righteousness", "*dᵊrākêkā*": "common masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ways", "*yizkᵊrûkā*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - they remember you", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*qāṣaptā*": "Qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you were angry", "*neḥĕṭāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person plural - we sinned", "*ʿôlām*": "common masculine singular noun - eternity/forever", "*niwwāšēaʿ*": "Niphal imperfect 1st person plural from ישע - we will be saved" }, "variants": { "*Pāgaʿtā*": "you met/you encountered/you came upon", "*śāś*": "rejoicing/being glad", "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*qāṣaptā*": "you were angry/you were wrathful/you were indignant", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/forever/ancient time/continuing long" } }
• Joel 2:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Joel.2.27", "source": "וִידַעְתֶּ֗ם כִּ֣י בְקֶ֤רֶב יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אָ֔נִי וַאֲנִ֛י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם וְאֵ֣ין ע֑וֹד וְלֹא־יֵבֹ֥שׁוּ עַמִּ֖י לְעוֹלָֽם׃ ס", "text": "And-*vîdaʿtem* that in-*qereb* *Yisrāʾēl* *ʾānî* and-*ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkhem* and-none *ʿôd* and-not-*yēbōshû* *ʿammî* to-*ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*vîdaʿtem*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will know", "*qereb*": "masculine singular construct - midst of", "*Yisrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾānî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkhem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/still/further", "*yēbōshû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will be ashamed", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular noun - forever/eternity" }, "variants": { "*vîdaʿtem*": "you will know/recognize/understand", "*qereb*": "midst of/among/within", "*yēbōshû*": "they will be ashamed/be disappointed/be confounded" } }
• Num 11:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Numbers.11.12", "source": "הֶאָנֹכִ֣י הָרִ֗יתִי אֵ֚ת כָּל־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה אִם־אָנֹכִ֖י יְלִדְתִּ֑יהוּ כִּֽי־תֹאמַ֨ר אֵלַ֜י שָׂאֵ֣הוּ בְחֵיקֶ֗ךָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר יִשָּׂ֤א הָאֹמֵן֙ אֶת־הַיֹּנֵ֔ק עַ֚ל הָֽאֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר נִשְׁבַּ֖עְתָּ לַאֲבֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "*He'ānōḵî* *hārîtî* *'ēt* all-the *hā'ām* the *zeh*, if *'ānōḵî* *yəliḏtîhû* that *tō'mar* to me, '*śā'ēhû* in your *ḥêqeḵā* as *yiśśā'* the *'ōmēn* *'et*-the *yōnēq*, to the *'ădāmāh* which *nišba'tā* to his *'ăḇōtāyw*?", "grammar": { "*he'ānōḵî*": "interrogative + 1st common singular independent pronoun - did I", "*hārîtî*": "qal perfect 1st common singular - I conceived", "*'ēt*": "direct object marker", "*hā'ām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the people", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun - this", "*'ānōḵî*": "1st common singular independent pronoun - I", "*yəliḏtîhû*": "qal perfect 1st common singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - I gave birth to it/him", "*tō'mar*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you say", "*śā'ēhû*": "qal imperative masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - carry him/it", "*ḥêqeḵā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your bosom", "*yiśśā'*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - carries", "*'ōmēn*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular - the nurse/guardian", "*yōnēq*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular - the nursing child", "*'ădāmāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land/ground", "*nišba'tā*": "nifal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you swore", "*'ăḇōtāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his fathers/ancestors" }, "variants": { "*hārîtî*": "conceived/became pregnant with", "*yəliḏtîhû*": "gave birth to it/him/brought it forth", "*śā'ēhû ḇəḥêqeḵā*": "carry it in your bosom/hold it in your lap", "*'ōmēn*": "nurse/guardian/nanny", "*yōnēq*": "nursing child/suckling infant", "*nišba'tā*": "you swore/you promised with an oath" } }
• Ezra 1:2-4 : 2 { "verseID": "Ezra.1.2", "source": "כֹּ֣ה אָמַ֗ר כֹּ֚רֶשׁ מֶ֣לֶךְ פָּרַ֔ס כֹּ֚ל מַמְלְכ֣וֹת הָאָ֔רֶץ נָ֣תַן לִ֔י יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְהֽוּא־פָקַ֤ד עָלַי֙ לִבְנֽוֹת־ל֣וֹ בַ֔יִת בִּירוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּֽיהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *kōreš* *melek* *pāras*, all *mamlǝkōth* the *ʾāreṣ* *nāthan* to me *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* the *šāmāyim* and he-*pāqad* upon me *liḇnōth*-to him *bayith* in *yǝrûšālaim* which in *yǝhûdāh*", "grammar": { "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - said/spoke", "*kōreš*": "proper noun - Cyrus", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*pāras*": "proper noun - Persia", "*kol*": "construct state - all of", "*mamlǝkōth*": "feminine plural construct - kingdoms of", "*ha*": "definite article - the", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular - earth/land", "*nāthan*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - gave", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*ha*": "definite article - the", "*šāmāyim*": "masculine plural - heavens", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hû*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he", "*pāqad*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - appointed/commanded", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - upon me", "*lə*": "preposition - to", "*bǝnōth*": "infinitive construct, qal - build", "*lō*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - for him", "*bayith*": "masculine singular - house", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*yǝrûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*yǝhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah" }, "variants": { "*mamlǝkōth*": "kingdoms/dominions", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*nāthan*": "gave/granted/assigned", "*pāqad*": "appointed/commanded/charged/entrusted", "*bayith*": "house/temple/dwelling" } } 3 { "verseID": "Ezra.1.3", "source": "מִֽי־בָכֶ֣ם מִכָּל־עַמּ֗וֹ יְהִ֤י אֱלֹהָיו֙ עִמּ֔וֹ וְיַ֕עַל לִירוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם אֲשֶׁ֣ר בִּיהוּדָ֑ה וְיִ֗בֶן אֶת־בֵּ֤ית יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל ה֥וּא הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "Who among *ḇākem* from all-*ʿammō* *yǝhî* *ʾĕlōhāyw* with him and *yaʿal* to *yǝrûšālaim* which in *yǝhûdāh* and *yiḇen* *ʾeth*-*bêth* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* he the *ʾĕlōhîm* which in *yǝrûšālaim*", "grammar": { "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*bā*": "preposition - among/in", "*kem*": "2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*kol*": "construct state - all of", "*ʿammō*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people", "*yǝhî*": "jussive, 3rd masculine singular, qal - may he be", "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his God", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*ō*": "3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yaʿal*": "jussive, 3rd masculine singular, qal - may he go up", "*lə*": "preposition - to", "*yǝrûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*yǝhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yiḇen*": "jussive, 3rd masculine singular, qal - may he build", "*ʾeth*": "direct object marker", "*bêth*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hû*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ha*": "definite article - the", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural - God", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*yǝrûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*yǝhî*": "may he be/let him be", "*yaʿal*": "may go up/let him ascend", "*yiḇen*": "may build/let him build", "*bêth*": "house/temple/dwelling", "*hû*": "he/that one [emphatic]" } } 4 { "verseID": "Ezra.1.4", "source": "וְכָל־הַנִּשְׁאָ֗ר מִֽכָּל־הַמְּקֹמוֹת֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר ה֣וּא גָֽר־שָׁם֒ יְנַשְּׂא֙וּהוּ֙ אַנְשֵׁ֣י מְקֹמ֔וֹ בְּכֶ֥סֶף וּבְזָהָ֖ב וּבִרְכ֣וּשׁ וּבִבְהֵמָ֑ה עִם־הַ֨נְּדָבָ֔ה לְבֵ֥ית הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "And all-the *niššʾār* from all-the *mǝqōmōth* which he *gār*-there *yǝnaśśǝʾûhû* *ʾanšê* *mǝqōmō* with *kesef* and with *zāhāḇ* and with *rǝkûš* and with *bǝhēmāh* with-the *nǝdāḇāh* for *bêth* the *ʾĕlōhîm* which in *yǝrûšālaim*", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*kol*": "construct state - all of", "*ha*": "definite article - the", "*niššʾār*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - one who remains/is left", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*kol*": "construct state - all of", "*ha*": "definite article - the", "*mǝqōmōth*": "masculine plural - places", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*hû*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - he", "*gār*": "participle, masculine singular, qal - sojourning/dwelling as foreigner", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*yǝnaśśǝʾûhû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, piel with 3rd masculine singular suffix - let them assist him/support him", "*ʾanšê*": "masculine plural construct - men of", "*mǝqōmō*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his place", "*bə*": "preposition - with", "*kesef*": "masculine singular - silver", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*ḇə*": "preposition - with", "*zāhāḇ*": "masculine singular - gold", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*ḇi*": "preposition - with", "*rǝkûš*": "masculine singular - goods/property", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*ḇi*": "preposition - with", "*bǝhēmāh*": "feminine singular - livestock/cattle", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*ha*": "definite article - the", "*nǝdāḇāh*": "feminine singular - freewill offering", "*lə*": "preposition - for", "*bêth*": "construct state, masculine singular - house of", "*ha*": "definite article - the", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural - God", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*yǝrûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*niššʾār*": "one who remains/survivor/remnant", "*gār*": "sojourns/dwells as foreigner/resides temporarily", "*yǝnaśśǝʾûhû*": "assist him/support him/provide for him", "*rǝkûš*": "goods/property/possessions", "*bǝhēmāh*": "livestock/cattle/beasts", "*nǝdāḇāh*": "freewill offering/voluntary gift" } }
• Ezra 6:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Ezra.6.7", "source": "שְׁבֻ֕קוּ לַעֲבִידַ֖ת בֵּית־אֱלָהָ֣א דֵ֑ךְ פַּחַ֤ת יְהוּדָיֵא֙ וּלְשָׂבֵ֣י יְהוּדָיֵ֔א בֵּית־אֱלָהָ֥א דֵ֖ךְ יִבְנ֥וֹן עַל־אַתְרֵֽהּ׃", "text": "*Šᵉḇuqû* the *ʿăḇîḏaṯ* of *bêṯ-ʾĕlāhāʾ dēḵ*; the *paḥaṯ Yᵉhûḏāyēʾ* and the *śāḇê Yᵉhûḏāyēʾ*, *bêṯ-ʾĕlāhāʾ dēḵ yiḇnôn* upon its *ʾaṯrēh*.", "grammar": { "*Šᵉḇuqû*": "verb, Peal imperative, 2nd masculine plural - leave alone/permit", "*ʿăḇîḏaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - work of", "*bêṯ-ʾĕlāhāʾ*": "construct noun phrase - house of God", "*dēḵ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*paḥaṯ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - governor of", "*Yᵉhûḏāyēʾ*": "gentile plural noun - the Jews", "*śāḇê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - elders of", "*yiḇnôn*": "verb, Peal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall build", "*ʾaṯrēh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its place/site" }, "variants": { "*Šᵉḇuqû*": "leave alone/permit/allow", "*ʿăḇîḏaṯ*": "work/construction/labor", "*paḥaṯ Yᵉhûḏāyēʾ*": "governor of the Jews/Jewish official", "*śāḇê Yᵉhûḏāyēʾ*": "elders of the Jews/Jewish elders", "*yiḇnôn*": "let them build/they shall build" } } 8 { "verseID": "Ezra.6.8", "source": "וּמִנִּי֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵם֒ לְמָ֣א דִֽי־תֽ͏ַעַבְד֗וּן עִם־שָׂבֵ֤י יְהוּדָיֵא֙ אִלֵּ֔ךְ לְמִבְנֵ֖א בֵּית־אֱלָהָ֣א דֵ֑ךְ וּמִנִּכְסֵ֣י מַלְכָּ֗א דִּ֚י מִדַּת֙ עֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֔ה אָסְפַּ֗רְנָא נִפְקְתָ֛א תֶּהֱוֵ֧א מִֽתְיַהֲבָ֛א לְגֻבְרַיָּ֥א אִלֵּ֖ךְ דִּי־לָ֥א לְבַטָּלָֽא׃", "text": "And from me *śîm ṭᵉʿēm* for what you shall *taʿaḇdûn* with the *śāḇê Yᵉhûḏāyēʾ* these, for *miḇnēʾ* *bêṯ-ʾĕlāhāʾ dēḵ*; and from the *nikᵉsê malkāʾ* which is the *middaṯ ʿăḇar nahărāh*, *ʾāsᵉparnāʾ* the *nifqᵉṯāʾ* shall be *mityahăḇāʾ* to the *gᵉḇrayyāʾ* these that not to *ḇaṭṭālāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*minnî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - from me", "*śîm ṭᵉʿēm*": "verb phrase - a decree is made/command is given", "*lᵉmāʾ*": "conjunction + interrogative - as to what", "*taʿaḇdûn*": "verb, Peal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall do", "*śāḇê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - elders of", "*Yᵉhûḏāyēʾ*": "gentile plural noun - the Jews", "*ʾillēḵ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural - these", "*miḇnēʾ*": "infinitive construct - to build", "*bêṯ-ʾĕlāhāʾ*": "construct noun phrase - house of God", "*dēḵ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*nikᵉsê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - property of/goods of", "*malkāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular, definite - the king", "*middaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - tribute of", "*ʿăḇar nahărāh*": "geographical term - Beyond the River", "*ʾāsᵉparnāʾ*": "adverb - speedily/diligently/exactly", "*nifqᵉṯāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular, definite - the expense", "*tehĕwēʾ*": "verb, Peal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it shall be", "*mityahăḇāʾ*": "verb, Hitpeel participle, feminine singular - being given", "*gᵉḇrayyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural, definite - the men", "*dî-lāʾ*": "relative particle + negative - that not", "*ḇaṭṭālāʾ*": "infinitive construct - to hinder/stop" }, "variants": { "*śîm ṭᵉʿēm*": "I issue a decree/I make a command", "*taʿaḇdûn*": "you shall do/you must do", "*miḇnēʾ*": "building/constructing", "*nikᵉsê malkāʾ*": "royal treasury/king's property", "*middaṯ*": "tribute/tax/revenue", "*ʾāsᵉparnāʾ*": "speedily/diligently/exactly/without fail", "*mityahăḇāʾ*": "being given/shall be paid", "*dî-lāʾ lᵉḇaṭṭālāʾ*": "that they not be hindered/so there be no stopping" } } 9 { "verseID": "Ezra.6.9", "source": "וּמָ֣ה חַשְׁחָ֡ן וּבְנֵ֣י תוֹרִ֣ין וְדִכְרִ֣ין וְאִמְּרִ֣ין ׀ לַעֲלָוָ֣ן ׀ לֶאֱלָ֪הּ שְׁמַיָּ֟א חִנְטִ֞ין מְלַ֣ח ׀ חֲמַ֣ר וּמְשַׁ֗ח כְּמֵאמַ֨ר כָּהֲנַיָּ֤א דִי־בִירֽוּשְׁלֶם֙ לֶהֱוֵ֨א מִתְיְהֵ֥ב לְהֹ֛ם י֥וֹם ׀ בְּי֖וֹם דִּי־לָ֥א שָׁלֽוּ׃", "text": "And what *ḥašḥān* and *bᵉnê tôrîn* and *diḵrîn* and *ʾimmᵉrîn* for *ʿălāwān* to *ʾĕlāh šᵉmayyāʾ*, *ḥinṭîn*, *mᵉlaḥ*, *ḥămar* and *mᵉšaḥ*, according to *mēʾmar* the *kāhănayyāʾ* which in *Yᵉrûšlem*, *lehĕwēʾ mityᵉhēḇ* to them day by day that not *šālû*.", "grammar": { "*ûmāh*": "conjunction + interrogative - and what", "*ḥašḥān*": "verb, Peal participle, masculine plural - needed/required", "*bᵉnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of/young of", "*tôrîn*": "noun, masculine plural - bulls", "*diḵrîn*": "noun, masculine plural - rams", "*ʾimmᵉrîn*": "noun, masculine plural - lambs", "*ʿălāwān*": "noun, feminine plural - burnt offerings", "*ʾĕlāh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - God of", "*šᵉmayyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural, definite - the heavens", "*ḥinṭîn*": "noun, masculine plural - wheat", "*mᵉlaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - salt", "*ḥămar*": "noun, masculine singular - wine", "*mᵉšaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - oil", "*kᵉmēʾmar*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - according to statement of", "*kāhănayyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural, definite - the priests", "*lehĕwēʾ*": "verb, Peal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - let it be", "*mityᵉhēḇ*": "verb, Hitpeel participle, masculine singular - being given", "*yôm bᵉyôm*": "adverbial phrase - day by day/daily", "*dî-lāʾ*": "relative particle + negative - that not", "*šālû*": "verb, Peal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - they cease/neglect" }, "variants": { "*ḥašḥān*": "needed/required/necessary", "*bᵉnê tôrîn*": "young bulls/bullocks", "*ʿălāwān*": "burnt offerings/sacrifices", "*ʾĕlāh šᵉmayyāʾ*": "God of heaven/the heavenly deity", "*mēʾmar*": "word/statement/request", "*lehĕwēʾ mityᵉhēḇ*": "let it be given/must be provided", "*dî-lāʾ šālû*": "without fail/not ceasing/with no neglect" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezra.6.10", "source": "דִּֽי־לֶהֱוֺ֧ן מְהַקְרְבִ֛ין נִיחוֹחִ֖ין לֶאֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֑א וּמְצַלַּ֕יִן לְחַיֵּ֥י מַלְכָּ֖א וּבְנֽוֹהִי׃", "text": "That they may be *mᵉhaqrᵉḇîn* *nîḥôḥîn* to *ʾĕlāh šᵉmayyāʾ* and *mᵉṣallayîn* for the *ḥayyê* of the *malkāʾ* and his *bᵉnôhî*.", "grammar": { "*dî-lehĕwōn*": "conjunction + verb, Peal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - that they may be", "*mᵉhaqrᵉḇîn*": "verb, Haphel participle, masculine plural - offering/presenting", "*nîḥôḥîn*": "noun, masculine plural - sweet savors/pleasing offerings", "*ʾĕlāh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - God of", "*šᵉmayyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural, definite - the heavens", "*mᵉṣallayîn*": "verb, Pael participle, masculine plural - praying", "*ḥayyê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - life of", "*malkāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular, definite - the king", "*bᵉnôhî*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sons" }, "variants": { "*mᵉhaqrᵉḇîn*": "offering/presenting/sacrificing", "*nîḥôḥîn*": "sweet savors/pleasing offerings/fragrant offerings", "*ʾĕlāh šᵉmayyāʾ*": "God of heaven/the heavenly deity", "*mᵉṣallayîn*": "praying/interceding", "*ḥayyê*": "life/welfare/wellbeing" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ezra.6.11", "source": "וּמִנִּי֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵם֒ דִּ֣י כָל־אֱנָ֗שׁ דִּ֤י יְהַשְׁנֵא֙ פִּתְגָמָ֣א דְנָ֔ה יִתְנְסַ֥ח אָע֙ מִן־בַּיְתֵ֔הּ וּזְקִ֖יף יִתְמְחֵ֣א עֲלֹ֑הִי וּבַיְתֵ֛הּ נְוָל֥וּ יִתְעֲבֵ֖ד עַל־דְּנָֽה׃", "text": "And from me *śîm ṭᵉʿēm* that any *ʾĕnāš* who *yᵉhašnēʾ* *piṯgāmāʾ dᵉnāh*, *yiṯnᵉsaḥ ʾāʿ* from his *baytēh* and *zᵉqîf* he shall be *yiṯmᵉḥēʾ* upon it, and his *baytēh nᵉwālû yiṯʿăḇēḏ* for *dᵉnāh*.", "grammar": { "*minnî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - from me", "*śîm ṭᵉʿēm*": "verb phrase - decree is made/command is given", "*dî*": "relative particle - that", "*kāl-ʾĕnāš*": "noun phrase - any person/whoever", "*yᵉhašnēʾ*": "verb, Haphel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - alters/changes", "*piṯgāmāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular, definite - the decree/word", "*dᵉnāh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*yiṯnᵉsaḥ*": "verb, Hitpeel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - shall be pulled out", "*ʾāʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - timber/beam", "*baytēh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house", "*zᵉqîf*": "adjective, masculine singular - raised/lifted up", "*yiṯmᵉḥēʾ*": "verb, Hitpeel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be impaled/hanged", "*ʿălōhî*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon it", "*nᵉwālû*": "noun, masculine singular - refuse heap/dunghill", "*yiṯʿăḇēḏ*": "verb, Hitpeel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - shall be made", "*ʿal-dᵉnāh*": "preposition + demonstrative - for this/because of this" }, "variants": { "*śîm ṭᵉʿēm*": "I issue a decree/I make a command", "*yᵉhašnēʾ*": "alters/changes/violates", "*yiṯnᵉsaḥ*": "shall be pulled out/shall be torn down", "*zᵉqîf yiṯmᵉḥēʾ*": "be lifted up and impaled/hanged/crucified", "*nᵉwālû yiṯʿăḇēḏ*": "be made a refuse heap/dunghill/ruin" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezra.6.12", "source": "וֵֽאלָהָ֞א דִּ֣י שַׁכִּ֧ן שְׁמֵ֣הּ תַּמָּ֗ה יְמַגַּ֞ר כָּל־מֶ֤לֶךְ וְעַם֙ דִּ֣י ׀ יִשְׁלַ֣ח יְדֵ֗הּ לְהַשְׁנָיָ֛ה לְחַבָּלָ֛ה בֵּית־אֱלָהָ֥א דֵ֖ךְ דִּ֣י בִירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם אֲנָ֤ה דָרְיָ֙וֶשׁ֙ שָׂ֣מֶת טְעֵ֔ם אָסְפַּ֖רְנָא יִתְעֲבִֽד׃ פ", "text": "And the *ʾĕlāhāʾ* who *šakkin* His *šᵉmēh* there shall *yᵉmaggar* every *meleḵ* and *ʿam* who *yišlaḥ* his *yᵉdēh* to *lᵉhašnāyāh* to *lᵉḥabbālāh* the *bêṯ-ʾĕlāhāʾ dēḵ* which in *Yᵉrûšlem*. I, *Dāryāweš*, *śāmeṯ ṭᵉʿēm*; *ʾāsᵉparnāʾ* *yiṯʿăḇiḏ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlāhāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular, definite - the God", "*dî*": "relative particle - who", "*šakkin*": "verb, Pael perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has caused to dwell", "*šᵉmēh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name", "*tammāh*": "adverb - there", "*yᵉmaggar*": "verb, Pael imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will destroy/overthrow", "*kāl-meleḵ*": "noun phrase - every king", "*wᵉʿam*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and people", "*yišlaḥ*": "verb, Peal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - stretches out/sends", "*yᵉdēh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*lᵉhašnāyāh*": "preposition + Haphel infinitive - to change/alter", "*lᵉḥabbālāh*": "preposition + Pael infinitive - to destroy/damage", "*bêṯ-ʾĕlāhāʾ*": "construct noun phrase - house of God", "*dēḵ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*Yᵉrûšlem*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*ʾănāh*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*Dāryāweš*": "proper noun - Darius", "*śāmeṯ ṭᵉʿēm*": "verb phrase - have issued decree/made command", "*ʾāsᵉparnāʾ*": "adverb - speedily/diligently", "*yiṯʿăḇiḏ*": "verb, Hitpeel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - let it be done" }, "variants": { "*šakkin šᵉmēh*": "caused his name to dwell/established his name", "*yᵉmaggar*": "destroy/overthrow/cast down", "*yišlaḥ yᵉdēh*": "stretches out his hand/attempts", "*lᵉhašnāyāh*": "to change/alter/violate", "*lᵉḥabbālāh*": "to destroy/damage/harm", "*śāmeṯ ṭᵉʿēm*": "have issued decree/made command", "*ʾāsᵉparnāʾ yiṯʿăḇiḏ*": "let it be done speedily/diligently/exactly" } }
• Ezra 7:11-28 : 11 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.11", "source": "וְזֶ֣ה ׀ פַּרְשֶׁ֣גֶן הַֽנִּשְׁתְּוָ֗ן אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָתַן֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֔סְתְּא לְעֶזְרָ֥א הַכֹּהֵ֖ן הַסֹּפֵ֑ר סֹפֵ֞ר דִּבְרֵ֧י מִצְוֺת־יְהוָ֛ה וְחֻקָּ֖יו עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And this *paršeḡen* the *nišləwān* that *nāṯan* the *meleḵ* *ʾArtaḥšastəʾ* to *ʿEzrāʾ* the *kōhēn* the *sōp̄ēr* *sōp̄ēr* *diḇrê* *miṣwōṯ*-*YHWH* and *ḥuqqāyw* upon *Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-zeh*": "conjunction with demonstrative pronoun - and this", "*paršeḡen*": "masculine singular noun - copy", "*ha-nišləwān*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the letter/document", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*nāṯan*": "perfect verb, third person masculine singular - gave", "*ha-meleḵ*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the king", "*lə-ʿEzrāʾ*": "preposition with proper noun - to Ezra", "*ha-kōhēn*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the priest", "*ha-sōp̄ēr*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the scribe", "*sōp̄ēr*": "masculine singular construct noun - scribe of", "*diḇrê*": "masculine plural construct noun - words of", "*miṣwōṯ*": "feminine plural construct noun - commandments of", "*wə-ḥuqqāyw*": "conjunction with masculine plural noun with third person masculine singular suffix - and his statutes", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/concerning" }, "variants": { "*paršeḡen*": "copy/transcript", "*nišləwān*": "letter/document/decree", "*sōp̄ēr*": "scribe/writer/secretary", "*diḇrê*": "words/matters/affairs", "*miṣwōṯ*": "commandments/precepts", "*ḥuqqāyw*": "his statutes/decrees" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.12", "source": "אַ֨רְתַּחְשַׁ֔סְתְּא מֶ֖לֶךְ מַלְכַיָּ֑א לְעֶזְרָ֣א כָ֠הֲנָא סָפַ֨ר דָּתָ֜א דִּֽי־אֱלָ֧הּ שְׁמַיָּ֛א גְּמִ֖יר וּכְעֶֽנֶת׃", "text": "*ʾArtaḥšastəʾ* *meleḵ* *malḵayyāʾ* to *ʿEzrāʾ* *kāhănāʾ* *sāp̄ar* *dāṯāʾ* *dî*-*ʾĕlāh* *šəmayyāʾ* *gəmîr* and *kəʿeneṯ*", "grammar": { "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct noun - king of", "*malḵayyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the kings", "*lə-ʿEzrāʾ*": "preposition with proper noun - to Ezra", "*kāhănāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the priest", "*sāp̄ar*": "masculine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - scribe of", "*dāṯāʾ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the law", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - of/that", "*ʾĕlāh*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - God", "*šəmayyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the heavens", "*gəmîr*": "masculine singular adjective (Aramaic) - perfect/complete", "*û-ḵəʿeneṯ*": "conjunction with adverb (Aramaic) - and now/at this time" }, "variants": { "*malḵayyāʾ*": "kings/sovereigns", "*sāp̄ar*": "scribe/writer/secretary", "*dāṯāʾ*": "law/decree/edict", "*gəmîr*": "perfect/complete/finished", "*kəʿeneṯ*": "now/at this time" } } 13 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.13", "source": "מִנִּי֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵם֒ דִּ֣י כָל־מִתְנַדַּ֣ב בְּמַלְכוּתִי֩ מִן־עַמָּ֨ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל וְכָהֲנ֣וֹהִי וְלֵוָיֵ֗א לִמְהָ֧ךְ לִֽירוּשְׁלֶ֛ם עִמָּ֖ךְ יְהָֽךְ׃", "text": "From me *śîm* *ṭəʿēm* that all-*miṯnaddaḇ* in *malḵûṯî* from-*ʿammāh* *Yiśrāʾēl* and *kāhănôhî* and *Lēwāyēʾ* to *limhāḵ* to *Yərûšlem* with you *yəhāḵ*", "grammar": { "*minnî*": "preposition with first person singular suffix (Aramaic) - from me", "*śîm*": "passive participle, masculine singular (Aramaic) - is placed/decreed", "*ṭəʿēm*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - decree/command", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*kāl*": "masculine singular adjective (Aramaic) - all/every", "*miṯnaddaḇ*": "hitpaal participle, masculine singular (Aramaic) - volunteering/freely offering", "*bə-malḵûṯî*": "preposition with feminine singular noun with first person singular suffix (Aramaic) - in my kingdom", "*min*": "preposition (Aramaic) - from", "*ʿammāh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the people", "*wə-kāhănôhî*": "conjunction with masculine plural noun with third person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - and his priests", "*wə-Lēwāyēʾ*": "conjunction with proper noun (Aramaic) - and Levites", "*li-mhāḵ*": "preposition with infinitive construct (Aramaic) - to go", "*li-Yərûšlem*": "preposition with proper noun (Aramaic) - to Jerusalem", "*ʿimmāḵ*": "preposition with second person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - with you", "*yəhāḵ*": "imperfect verb, third person masculine singular, peal stem (Aramaic) - let him go" }, "variants": { "*śîm ṭəʿēm*": "decree/command/order", "*miṯnaddaḇ*": "volunteer/freely offer oneself", "*limhāḵ*": "to go/walk/travel", "*yəhāḵ*": "may go/let him go" } } 14 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.14", "source": "כָּל־קֳבֵ֗ל דִּי֩ מִן־קֳדָ֨ם מַלְכָּ֜א וְשִׁבְעַ֤ת יָעֲטֹ֙הִי֙ שְׁלִ֔יחַ לְבַקָּרָ֥א עַל־יְה֖וּד וְלִֽירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם בְּדָ֥ת אֱלָהָ֖ךְ דִּ֥י בִידָֽךְ׃", "text": "All-*qŏḇēl* that from-*qŏḏām* *malkāʾ* and *šiḇʿaṯ* *yāʿăṭōhî* *šəlîaḥ* to *ləḇaqqārāʾ* upon-*Yəhûḏ* and to *Yərûšlem* with *dāṯ* *ʾĕlāhāḵ* that in *ḇîḏāḵ*", "grammar": { "*kāl-qŏḇēl*": "masculine singular adjective with preposition (Aramaic) - all before/because", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*min-qŏḏām*": "compound preposition (Aramaic) - from before", "*malkāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the king", "*wə-šiḇʿaṯ*": "conjunction with numeral (Aramaic) - and seven", "*yāʿăṭōhî*": "masculine plural noun with third person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - his counselors", "*šəlîaḥ*": "masculine singular passive participle (Aramaic) - sent", "*lə-ḇaqqārāʾ*": "preposition with infinitive construct, pael stem (Aramaic) - to inquire", "*ʿal*": "preposition (Aramaic) - upon/concerning", "*Yəhûḏ*": "proper noun (Aramaic) - Judah", "*wə-li-Yərûšlem*": "conjunction with preposition and proper noun (Aramaic) - and to Jerusalem", "*bə-dāṯ*": "preposition with feminine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - with law of", "*ʾĕlāhāḵ*": "masculine singular noun with second person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - your God", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*ḇî-ḏāḵ*": "preposition with feminine singular noun with second person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - in your hand" }, "variants": { "*qŏḇēl*": "before/because/accordingly", "*yāʿăṭōhî*": "his counselors/advisers", "*šəlîaḥ*": "sent/commissioned", "*ləḇaqqārāʾ*": "to inquire/examine/investigate", "*dāṯ*": "law/decree/regulation", "*ḇîḏāḵ*": "in your hand/power/possession" } } 15 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.15", "source": "וּלְהֵיבָלָ֖ה כְּסַ֣ף וּדְהַ֑ב דִּֽי־מַלְכָּ֣א וְיָעֲט֗וֹהִי הִתְנַדַּ֙בוּ֙ לֶאֱלָ֣הּ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל דִּ֥י בִֽירוּשְׁלֶ֖ם מִשְׁכְּנֵֽהּ׃", "text": "And to *həyḇālāh* *kəsap̄* and *ḏəhaḇ* that-*malkāʾ* and *yāʿăṭôhî* *hiṯnaddaḇû* to *ʾĕlāh* *Yiśrāʾēl* that in *Yərûšlem* *miškənēh*", "grammar": { "*û-lə-hēyḇālāh*": "conjunction with preposition and infinitive construct (Aramaic) - and to carry/bring", "*kəsap̄*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - silver", "*û-ḏəhaḇ*": "conjunction with masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - and gold", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*malkāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the king", "*wə-yāʿăṭôhî*": "conjunction with masculine plural noun with third person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - and his counselors", "*hiṯnaddaḇû*": "perfect verb, third person plural, hitpaal stem (Aramaic) - freely offered/donated", "*le-ʾĕlāh*": "preposition with masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - to God of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun (Aramaic) - Israel", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*ḇi-Yərûšlem*": "preposition with proper noun (Aramaic) - in Jerusalem", "*miškənēh*": "masculine singular noun with third person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - his dwelling place" }, "variants": { "*həyḇālāh*": "to carry/bring/transport", "*kəsap̄*": "silver/money", "*ḏəhaḇ*": "gold", "*hiṯnaddaḇû*": "freely offered/donated/volunteered", "*miškənēh*": "his dwelling place/tabernacle/residence" } } 16 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.16", "source": "וְכֹל֙ כְּסַ֣ף וּדְהַ֔ב דִּ֣י תְהַשְׁכַּ֔ח בְּכֹ֖ל מְדִינַ֣ת בָּבֶ֑ל עִם֩ הִתְנַדָּב֨וּת עַמָּ֤א וְכָֽהֲנַיָּא֙ מִֽתְנַדְּבִ֔ין לְבֵ֥ית אֱלָהֲהֹ֖ם דִּ֥י בִירוּשְׁלֶֽם׃", "text": "And all *kəsap̄* and *ḏəhaḇ* that *təhaškkaḥ* in all *məḏînaṯ* *Bāḇel* with *hiṯnaddāḇûṯ* *ʿammāʾ* and *kāhănayyāʾ* *miṯnaddəḇîn* to *ḇêṯ* *ʾĕlāhăhōm* that in *Yərûšlem*", "grammar": { "*wə-ḵōl*": "conjunction with masculine singular adjective (Aramaic) - and all", "*kəsap̄*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - silver", "*û-ḏəhaḇ*": "conjunction with masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - and gold", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*təhaškkaḥ*": "imperfect verb, second person masculine singular, haphel stem (Aramaic) - you find", "*bə-ḵōl*": "preposition with masculine singular adjective (Aramaic) - in all", "*məḏînaṯ*": "feminine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - province of", "*Bāḇel*": "proper noun (Aramaic) - Babylon", "*ʿim*": "preposition (Aramaic) - with", "*hiṯnaddāḇûṯ*": "feminine singular noun (Aramaic) - freewill offering", "*ʿammāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the people", "*wə-kāhănayyāʾ*": "conjunction with masculine plural noun with definite article (Aramaic) - and the priests", "*miṯnaddəḇîn*": "participle, masculine plural, hitpaal stem (Aramaic) - freely offering", "*lə-ḇêṯ*": "preposition with masculine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - to house of", "*ʾĕlāhăhōm*": "masculine singular noun with third person masculine plural suffix (Aramaic) - their God", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*ḇi-Yərûšlem*": "preposition with proper noun (Aramaic) - in Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*təhaškkaḥ*": "you find/obtain/acquire", "*məḏînaṯ*": "province/district/region", "*hiṯnaddāḇûṯ*": "freewill offering/donation/contribution", "*miṯnaddəḇîn*": "freely offering/volunteering/donating" } } 17 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.17", "source": "כָּל־קֳבֵ֣ל דְּנָה֩ אָסְפַּ֨רְנָא תִקְנֵ֜א בְּכַסְפָּ֣א דְנָ֗ה תּוֹרִ֤ין ׀ דִּכְרִין֙ אִמְּרִ֔ין וּמִנְחָתְה֖וֹן וְנִסְכֵּיה֑וֹן וּתְקָרֵ֣ב הִמּ֔וֹ עַֽל־מַדְבְּחָ֔ה דִּ֛י בֵּ֥ית אֱלָהֲכֹ֖ם דִּ֥י בִירוּשְׁלֶֽם׃", "text": "All-*qŏḇēl* *dənāh* *ʾāsəparnāʾ* *ṯiqnēʾ* with *kasəpāʾ* *ḏənāh* *tôrîn* *diḵrîn* *ʾimmərîn* and *minḥāṯəhôn* and *nisəkêhôn* and *ṯəqārēḇ* them upon-*maḏbəḥāh* that *bêṯ* *ʾĕlāhăḵōm* that in *Yərûšlem*", "grammar": { "*kāl-qŏḇēl*": "masculine singular adjective with preposition (Aramaic) - all because/accordingly", "*dənāh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular (Aramaic) - this", "*ʾāsəparnāʾ*": "adverb (Aramaic) - diligently/speedily", "*ṯiqnēʾ*": "imperfect verb, second person masculine singular, peal stem (Aramaic) - you shall buy", "*bə-kasəpāʾ*": "preposition with masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - with the silver", "*dənāh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular (Aramaic) - this", "*tôrîn*": "masculine plural noun (Aramaic) - bulls", "*diḵrîn*": "masculine plural noun (Aramaic) - rams", "*ʾimmərîn*": "masculine plural noun (Aramaic) - lambs", "*û-minḥāṯəhôn*": "conjunction with feminine plural noun with third person masculine plural suffix (Aramaic) - and their grain offerings", "*wə-nisəkêhôn*": "conjunction with masculine plural noun with third person masculine plural suffix (Aramaic) - and their drink offerings", "*û-ṯəqārēḇ*": "conjunction with imperfect verb, second person masculine singular, pael stem (Aramaic) - and you shall offer", "*himmô*": "pronoun, third person masculine plural (Aramaic) - them", "*ʿal*": "preposition (Aramaic) - upon", "*maḏbəḥāh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the altar", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - house of", "*ʾĕlāhăḵōm*": "masculine singular noun with second person masculine plural suffix (Aramaic) - your God", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*ḇi-Yərûšlem*": "preposition with proper noun (Aramaic) - in Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*ʾāsəparnāʾ*": "diligently/speedily/carefully", "*ṯiqnēʾ*": "you shall buy/purchase/acquire", "*tôrîn*": "bulls/bullocks", "*diḵrîn*": "rams", "*ʾimmərîn*": "lambs", "*minḥāṯəhôn*": "their grain offerings/meal offerings", "*nisəkêhôn*": "their drink offerings/libations", "*ṯəqārēḇ*": "you shall offer/present/bring near" } } 18 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.18", "source": "וּמָ֣ה דִי֩ עליך עֲלָ֨ךְ וְעַל־אחיך אֶחָ֜ךְ יֵיטַ֗ב בִּשְׁאָ֛ר כַּסְפָּ֥א וְדַהֲבָ֖ה לְמֶעְבַּ֑ד כִּרְע֥וּת אֱלָהֲכֹ֖ם תַּעַבְדֽוּן׃", "text": "And what that upon *ʿălāḵ* and upon-*ʾeḥāḵ* *yêṭaḇ* with *šəʾār* *kasəpāʾ* and *ḏahăḇāh* to *məʿbbad* according to *rəʿûṯ* *ʾĕlāhăḵōm* *taʿaḇḏûn*", "grammar": { "*û-māh*": "conjunction with interrogative pronoun (Aramaic) - and what", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*ʿăl*": "preposition (Aramaic) - upon", "*ʿălāḵ*": "preposition with second person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - upon you", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction with preposition (Aramaic) - and upon", "*ʾeḥāḵ*": "masculine plural noun with second person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - your brothers", "*yêṭaḇ*": "imperfect verb, third person masculine singular, peal stem (Aramaic) - it seems good", "*bi-šəʾār*": "preposition with masculine singular adjective (Aramaic) - with the remainder of", "*kasəpāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the silver", "*wə-ḏahăḇāh*": "conjunction with masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - and the gold", "*lə-məʿbbad*": "preposition with infinitive construct, peal stem (Aramaic) - to do", "*ki-rəʿûṯ*": "preposition with feminine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - according to the will of", "*ʾĕlāhăḵōm*": "masculine singular noun with second person masculine plural suffix (Aramaic) - your God", "*taʿaḇḏûn*": "imperfect verb, second person masculine plural, peal stem (Aramaic) - you shall do" }, "variants": { "*yêṭaḇ*": "seems good/pleases/is agreeable", "*šəʾār*": "remainder/rest", "*məʿbbad*": "to do/perform/make", "*rəʿûṯ*": "will/pleasure/desire", "*taʿaḇḏûn*": "you shall do/make/perform" } } 19 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.19", "source": "וּמָֽאנַיָּא֙ דִּֽי־מִתְיַהֲבִ֣ין לָ֔ךְ לְפָלְחָ֖ן בֵּ֣ית אֱלָהָ֑ךְ הַשְׁלֵ֕ם קֳדָ֖ם אֱלָ֥הּ יְרוּשְׁלֶֽם׃", "text": "And the *māʾnayyāʾ* that-*miṯyahăḇîn* to you for *pālḥān* *bêṯ* *ʾĕlāhāḵ* *hašlēm* before *ʾĕlāh* *Yərûšlem*", "grammar": { "*û-māʾnayyāʾ*": "conjunction with masculine plural noun with definite article (Aramaic) - and the vessels", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*miṯyahăḇîn*": "participle, masculine plural, hitpeil stem (Aramaic) - are given", "*lāḵ*": "preposition with second person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - to you", "*lə-pālḥān*": "preposition with masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - for service of", "*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - house of", "*ʾĕlāhāḵ*": "masculine singular noun with second person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - your God", "*hašlēm*": "imperative verb, masculine singular, haphel stem (Aramaic) - deliver/complete", "*qŏḏām*": "preposition (Aramaic) - before", "*ʾĕlāh*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - God of", "*Yərûšlem*": "proper noun (Aramaic) - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*māʾnayyāʾ*": "vessels/utensils/articles", "*miṯyahăḇîn*": "are given/delivered/provided", "*pālḥān*": "service/worship/ministry", "*hašlēm*": "deliver/complete/fulfill" } } 20 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.20", "source": "וּשְׁאָ֗ר חַשְׁחוּת֙ בֵּ֣ית אֱלָהָ֔ךְ דִּ֥י יִפַּ‪[t]‬ל־לָ֖ךְ לְמִנְתַּ֑ן תִּנְתֵּ֕ן מִן־בֵּ֖ית גִּנְזֵ֥י מַלְכָּֽא׃", "text": "And *šəʾār* *ḥašḥûṯ* *bêṯ* *ʾĕlāhāḵ* that *yippal*-to you to *mintan* *tintēn* from-*bêṯ* *ginzê* *malkāʾ*", "grammar": { "*û-šəʾār*": "conjunction with masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - and the rest of", "*ḥašḥûṯ*": "feminine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - need of", "*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - house of", "*ʾĕlāhāḵ*": "masculine singular noun with second person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - your God", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*yippal*": "imperfect verb, third person masculine singular, peal stem (Aramaic) - it falls/happens", "*lāḵ*": "preposition with second person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - to you", "*lə-mintan*": "preposition with infinitive construct, peal stem (Aramaic) - to give", "*tintēn*": "imperfect verb, second person masculine singular, peal stem (Aramaic) - you shall give", "*min*": "preposition (Aramaic) - from", "*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - house of", "*ginzê*": "masculine plural construct noun (Aramaic) - treasures of", "*malkāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the king" }, "variants": { "*šəʾār*": "rest/remainder", "*ḥašḥûṯ*": "need/requirement/necessity", "*yippal*": "falls/happens/occurs", "*mintan*": "to give/provide/grant", "*tintēn*": "you shall give/provide", "*ginzê*": "treasures/treasuries" } } 21 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.21", "source": "וּ֠מִנִּי אֲנָ֞ה אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֤סְתְּא מַלְכָּא֙ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵ֔ם לְכֹל֙ גִּזַּֽבְרַיָּ֔א דִּ֖י בַּעֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֑ה דִּ֣י כָל־דִּ֣י יִ֠שְׁאֲלֶנְכוֹן עֶזְרָ֨א כָהֲנָ֜ה סָפַ֤ר דָּתָא֙ דִּֽי־אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֔א אָסְפַּ֖רְנָא יִתְעֲבִֽד׃", "text": "And from me *ʾănāh* *ʾArtaḥšastəʾ* *malkāʾ* *śîm* *ṭəʿēm* to all *gizzaḇrayyāʾ* that in *baʿăḇar* *nahărāh* that all-that *yišʾălenḵôn* *ʿEzrāʾ* *kāhănāh* *sāp̄ar* *dāṯāʾ* that-*ʾĕlāh* *šəmayyāʾ* *ʾāsəparnāʾ* *yiṯʿăḇiḏ*", "grammar": { "*û-minnî*": "conjunction with preposition with first person singular suffix (Aramaic) - and from me", "*ʾănāh*": "first person singular pronoun (Aramaic) - I", "*malkāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the king", "*śîm*": "passive participle, masculine singular (Aramaic) - is placed/set", "*ṭəʿēm*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - decree/command", "*lə-ḵōl*": "preposition with masculine singular adjective (Aramaic) - to all", "*gizzaḇrayyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the treasurers", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*ba-ʿăḇar*": "preposition with masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - in the region beyond", "*nahărāh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the river", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*kāl-dî*": "masculine singular adjective with relative particle (Aramaic) - all that", "*yišʾălenḵôn*": "imperfect verb, third person masculine singular with second person masculine plural suffix, peal stem (Aramaic) - he asks you", "*kāhănāh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the priest", "*sāp̄ar*": "masculine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - scribe of", "*dāṯāʾ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the law", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - of", "*ʾĕlāh*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - God", "*šəmayyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the heavens", "*ʾāsəparnāʾ*": "adverb (Aramaic) - diligently/speedily", "*yiṯʿăḇiḏ*": "imperfect verb, third person masculine singular, hitpeil stem (Aramaic) - it shall be done" }, "variants": { "*śîm ṭəʿēm*": "decree/command/order", "*gizzaḇrayyāʾ*": "treasurers/financial officers", "*baʿăḇar nahărāh*": "beyond the river/Trans-Euphrates", "*yišʾălenḵôn*": "he asks you/requests from you", "*ʾāsəparnāʾ*": "diligently/speedily/carefully", "*yiṯʿăḇiḏ*": "it shall be done/performed/executed" } } 22 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.22", "source": "עַד־כְּסַף֮ כַּכְּרִ֣ין מְאָה֒ וְעַד־חִנְטִין֙ כֹּרִ֣ין מְאָ֔ה וְעַד־חֲמַר֙ בַּתִּ֣ין מְאָ֔ה וְעַד־בַּתִּ֥ין מְשַׁ֖ח מְאָ֑ה וּמְלַ֖ח דִּי־לָ֥א כְתָֽב׃", "text": "Up to-*kəsap̄* *kakərîn* one hundred and up to-*ḥinṭîn* *kōrîn* one hundred and up to-*ḥămar* *battîn* one hundred and up to-*battîn* *məšaḥ* one hundred and *məlaḥ* that-not *ḵəṯāḇ*", "grammar": { "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition (Aramaic) - up to", "*kəsap̄*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - silver", "*kakərîn*": "masculine plural noun (Aramaic) - talents", "*məʾāh*": "numeral, feminine singular (Aramaic) - hundred", "*wə-ʿaḏ*": "conjunction with preposition (Aramaic) - and up to", "*ḥinṭîn*": "feminine plural noun (Aramaic) - wheat", "*kōrîn*": "masculine plural noun (Aramaic) - cors [measure]", "*məʾāh*": "numeral, feminine singular (Aramaic) - hundred", "*wə-ʿaḏ*": "conjunction with preposition (Aramaic) - and up to", "*ḥămar*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - wine", "*battîn*": "masculine plural noun (Aramaic) - baths [measure]", "*məʾāh*": "numeral, feminine singular (Aramaic) - hundred", "*wə-ʿaḏ*": "conjunction with preposition (Aramaic) - and up to", "*battîn*": "masculine plural noun (Aramaic) - baths [measure]", "*məšaḥ*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - oil", "*məʾāh*": "numeral, feminine singular (Aramaic) - hundred", "*û-məlaḥ*": "conjunction with masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - and salt", "*dî-lāʾ*": "relative particle with negative particle (Aramaic) - that not", "*ḵəṯāḇ*": "passive participle, masculine singular, peal stem (Aramaic) - written" }, "variants": { "*kakərîn*": "talents [weight measure]", "*kōrîn*": "cors [dry measure]", "*battîn*": "baths [liquid measure]", "*məšaḥ*": "oil", "*məlaḥ*": "salt", "*dî-lāʾ ḵəṯāḇ*": "without prescription/without limitation/not written" } } 23 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.23", "source": "כָּל־דִּ֗י מִן־טַ֙עַם֙ אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֔א יִתְעֲבֵד֙ אַדְרַזְדָּ֔א לְבֵ֖ית אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֑א דִּֽי־לְמָ֤ה לֶֽהֱוֵא֙ קְצַ֔ף עַל־מַלְכ֥וּת מַלְכָּ֖א וּבְנֽוֹהִי׃", "text": "All-that from-*ṭaʿam* *ʾĕlāh* *šəmayyāʾ* *yiṯʿăḇēḏ* *ʾaḏrazzədāʾ* to *ḇêṯ* *ʾĕlāh* *šəmayyāʾ* that-why *lehĕwēʾ* *qəṣap̄* upon-*malḵûṯ* *malkāʾ* and *bənôhî*", "grammar": { "*kāl-dî*": "masculine singular adjective with relative particle (Aramaic) - all that", "*min*": "preposition (Aramaic) - from", "*ṭaʿam*": "masculine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - decree of", "*ʾĕlāh*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - God", "*šəmayyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the heavens", "*yiṯʿăḇēḏ*": "imperfect verb, third person masculine singular, hitpeil stem (Aramaic) - it shall be done", "*ʾaḏrazzədāʾ*": "adverb with definite article (Aramaic) - diligently/exactly", "*lə-ḇêṯ*": "preposition with masculine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - for house of", "*ʾĕlāh*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - God", "*šəmayyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the heavens", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*lə-māh*": "preposition with interrogative pronoun (Aramaic) - for why/why", "*lehĕwēʾ*": "imperfect verb, third person masculine singular, peal stem (Aramaic) - there should be", "*qəṣap̄*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - wrath", "*ʿal*": "preposition (Aramaic) - upon", "*malḵûṯ*": "feminine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - kingdom of", "*malkāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the king", "*û-bənôhî*": "conjunction with masculine plural noun with third person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - and his sons" }, "variants": { "*ṭaʿam*": "decree/command/will", "*yiṯʿăḇēḏ*": "shall be done/performed/executed", "*ʾaḏrazzədāʾ*": "diligently/exactly/carefully", "*lehĕwēʾ*": "there should be/exist/come", "*qəṣap̄*": "wrath/anger/indignation", "*malḵûṯ*": "kingdom/reign/domain" } } 24 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.24", "source": "וּלְכֹ֣ם מְהוֹדְעִ֗ין דִּ֣י כָל־כָּהֲנַיָּ֣א וְ֠לֵוָיֵא זַמָּ֨רַיָּ֤א תָרָֽעַיָּא֙ נְתִ֣ינַיָּ֔א וּפָ֣לְחֵ֔י בֵּ֖ית אֱלָהָ֣א דְנָ֑ה מִנְדָּ֤ה בְלוֹ֙ וַהֲלָ֔ךְ לָ֥א שַׁלִּ֖יט לְמִרְמֵ֥א עֲלֵיהֹֽם׃", "text": "And to you *məhôḏəʿîn* that all-*kāhănayyāʾ* and *Lēwāyēʾ* *zammārayyāʾ* *ṯārāʿayyāʾ* *nəṯînayyāʾ* and *pālḥê* *bêṯ* *ʾĕlāhāʾ* *ḏənāh* *mindāh* *ḇəlô* and *hălāḵ* not *šallîṭ* to *mirməʾ* upon them", "grammar": { "*û-lə-ḵōm*": "conjunction with preposition and second person masculine plural suffix (Aramaic) - and to you", "*məhôḏəʿîn*": "participle, masculine plural, haphel stem (Aramaic) - making known", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*kāl*": "masculine singular adjective (Aramaic) - all", "*kāhănayyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the priests", "*wə-Lēwāyēʾ*": "conjunction with proper noun (Aramaic) - and Levites", "*zammārayyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the singers", "*ṯārāʿayyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the gatekeepers", "*nəṯînayyāʾ*": "masculine plural noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the temple servants", "*û-pālḥê*": "conjunction with masculine plural construct participle (Aramaic) - and servants of", "*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - house of", "*ʾĕlāhāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the God", "*ḏənāh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular (Aramaic) - this", "*mindāh*": "feminine singular noun (Aramaic) - tribute", "*ḇəlô*": "masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - tax", "*wa-hălāḵ*": "conjunction with masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - and toll", "*lāʾ*": "negative particle (Aramaic) - not", "*šallîṭ*": "adjective, masculine singular (Aramaic) - permitted/authorized", "*lə-mirməʾ*": "preposition with infinitive construct, peal stem (Aramaic) - to impose", "*ʿălêhōm*": "preposition with third person masculine plural suffix (Aramaic) - upon them" }, "variants": { "*məhôḏəʿîn*": "making known/informing/notifying", "*zammārayyāʾ*": "singers/musicians", "*ṯārāʿayyāʾ*": "gatekeepers/porters", "*nəṯînayyāʾ*": "temple servants/given ones", "*pālḥê*": "servants/ministers/workers", "*mindāh*": "tribute/tax", "*ḇəlô*": "tax/custom duty", "*hălāḵ*": "toll/road tax", "*šallîṭ*": "permitted/authorized/allowed", "*mirməʾ*": "to impose/cast/throw" } } 25 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.25", "source": "וְאַ֣נְתְּ עֶזְרָ֗א כְּחָכְמַ֨ת אֱלָהָ֤ךְ דִּֽי־בִידָךְ֙ מֶ֣נִּי שָׁפְטִ֞ין וְדַיָּנִ֗ין דִּי־לֶהֱוֺ֤ן דאנין דָּאיְנִין֙ לְכָל־עַמָּה֙ דִּ֚י בַּעֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֔ה לְכָל־יָדְעֵ֖י דָּתֵ֣י אֱלָהָ֑ךְ וְדִ֧י לָ֦א יָדַ֖ע תְּהוֹדְעֽוּן׃", "text": "And you *ʿEzrāʾ* according to *ḥāḵmaṯ* *ʾĕlāhāḵ* that-in *ḇîḏāḵ* appoint *šāp̄əṭîn* and *ḏayyānîn* that-they shall be *dāʾyənîn* to all-*ʿammāh* that in *baʿăḇar* *nahărāh* to all-*yāḏəʿê* *dāṯê* *ʾĕlāhāḵ* and that not *yāḏaʿ* *təhôḏəʿûn*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾant*": "conjunction with second person masculine singular pronoun (Aramaic) - and you", "*kə-ḥāḵmaṯ*": "preposition with feminine singular construct noun (Aramaic) - according to wisdom of", "*ʾĕlāhāḵ*": "masculine singular noun with second person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - your God", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*ḇî-ḏāḵ*": "preposition with feminine singular noun with second person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - in your hand", "*mennî*": "imperative verb, masculine singular, pael stem (Aramaic) - appoint", "*šāp̄əṭîn*": "masculine plural noun (Aramaic) - judges", "*wə-ḏayyānîn*": "conjunction with masculine plural noun (Aramaic) - and magistrates", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*lehĕwōn*": "imperfect verb, third person masculine plural, peal stem (Aramaic) - they shall be", "*dāʾyənîn*": "participle, masculine plural, peal stem (Aramaic) - judging", "*lə-ḵāl*": "preposition with masculine singular adjective (Aramaic) - to all", "*ʿammāh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the people", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - that", "*ba-ʿăḇar*": "preposition with masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - in the region beyond", "*nahărāh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the river", "*lə-ḵāl*": "preposition with masculine singular adjective (Aramaic) - to all", "*yāḏəʿê*": "masculine plural construct participle, peal stem (Aramaic) - knowers of", "*dāṯê*": "feminine plural construct noun (Aramaic) - laws of", "*ʾĕlāhāḵ*": "masculine singular noun with second person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - your God", "*wə-ḏî*": "conjunction with relative particle (Aramaic) - and who", "*lāʾ*": "negative particle (Aramaic) - not", "*yāḏaʿ*": "perfect verb, third person masculine singular, peal stem (Aramaic) - he knows", "*təhôḏəʿûn*": "imperfect verb, second person masculine plural, haphel stem (Aramaic) - you shall make known" }, "variants": { "*ḥāḵmaṯ*": "wisdom/knowledge/understanding", "*ḇîḏāḵ*": "in your hand/power/possession", "*mennî*": "appoint/assign/establish", "*šāp̄əṭîn*": "judges", "*ḏayyānîn*": "magistrates/judicial officers", "*dāʾyənîn*": "judging/adjudicating", "*baʿăḇar nahărāh*": "beyond the river/Trans-Euphrates", "*yāḏəʿê*": "knowers/those who know", "*dāṯê*": "laws/decrees/statutes", "*təhôḏəʿûn*": "you shall make known/teach/inform" } } 26 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.26", "source": "וְכָל־דִּי־לָא֩ לֶהֱוֵ֨א עָבֵ֜ד דָּתָ֣א דִֽי־אֱלָהָ֗ךְ וְדָתָא֙ דִּ֣י מַלְכָּ֔א אָסְפַּ֕רְנָא דִּינָ֕ה לֶהֱוֵ֥א מִתְעֲבֵ֖ד מִנֵּ֑הּ הֵ֤ן לְמוֹת֙ הֵ֣ן לשרשו לִשְׁרֹשִׁ֔י הֵן־לַעֲנָ֥שׁ נִכְסִ֖ין וְלֶאֱסוּרִֽין׃", "text": "And all-that-not *lehĕwēʾ* *ʿāḇēḏ* *dāṯāʾ* that-*ʾĕlāhāḵ* and *ḏāṯāʾ* that *malkāʾ* *ʾāsəparnāʾ* *dînāh* *lehĕwēʾ* *miṯʿăḇēḏ* from him whether to *môṯ* whether to *lišrōšî* whether to *laʿănāš* *niḵsîn* and to *leʾĕsûrîn*", "grammar": { "*wə-ḵāl*": "conjunction with masculine singular adjective (Aramaic) - and all", "*dî-lāʾ*": "relative particle with negative particle (Aramaic) - that not", "*lehĕwēʾ*": "imperfect verb, third person masculine singular, peal stem (Aramaic) - he shall be", "*ʿāḇēḏ*": "participle, masculine singular, peal stem (Aramaic) - doing", "*dāṯāʾ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the law", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - of", "*ʾĕlāhāḵ*": "masculine singular noun with second person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - your God", "*wə-ḏāṯāʾ*": "conjunction with feminine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - and the law", "*dî*": "relative particle (Aramaic) - of", "*malkāʾ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the king", "*ʾāsəparnāʾ*": "adverb (Aramaic) - diligently/speedily", "*dînāh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article (Aramaic) - the judgment", "*lehĕwēʾ*": "imperfect verb, third person masculine singular, peal stem (Aramaic) - it shall be", "*miṯʿăḇēḏ*": "participle, masculine singular, hitpeil stem (Aramaic) - being done", "*minneh*": "preposition with third person masculine singular suffix (Aramaic) - from him", "*hēn*": "conjunction (Aramaic) - whether", "*lə-môṯ*": "preposition with masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - to death", "*hēn*": "conjunction (Aramaic) - whether", "*li-šrōšî*": "preposition with infinitive construct, pael stem (Aramaic) - to uproot/banish", "*hēn*": "conjunction (Aramaic) - whether", "*la-ʿănāš*": "preposition with masculine singular noun (Aramaic) - to confiscation of", "*niḵsîn*": "masculine plural noun (Aramaic) - goods/property", "*wə-le-ʾĕsûrîn*": "conjunction with preposition and masculine plural noun (Aramaic) - and to imprisonment" }, "variants": { "*ʿāḇēḏ*": "doing/performing/obeying", "*dāṯāʾ*": "law/decree/edict", "*ʾāsəparnāʾ*": "diligently/speedily/carefully", "*dînāh*": "judgment/verdict/sentence", "*miṯʿăḇēḏ*": "being done/executed/carried out", "*môṯ*": "death/execution", "*lišrōšî*": "to uproot/banish/exile", "*laʿănāš niḵsîn*": "to confiscation of property/goods", "*leʾĕsûrîn*": "to imprisonment/confinement" } } 27 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.27", "source": "בָּר֥וּךְ יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבוֹתֵ֑ינוּ אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֤ן כָּזֹאת֙ בְּלֵ֣ב הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ לְפָאֵ֕ר אֶת־בֵּ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "*bārûḵ* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾăḇôṯênû* that *nāṯan* like this in *lēḇ* the *meleḵ* to *ləp̄āʾēr* *ʾeṯ*-*bêṯ* *YHWH* that in *Yərûšālāim*", "grammar": { "*bārûḵ*": "masculine singular passive participle - blessed", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct noun - God of", "*ʾăḇôṯênû*": "masculine plural noun with first person plural suffix - our fathers", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/who", "*nāṯan*": "perfect verb, third person masculine singular - gave/put", "*kā-zōʾṯ*": "preposition with feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - like this", "*bə-lēḇ*": "preposition with masculine singular construct noun - in heart of", "*ha-meleḵ*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the king", "*lə-p̄āʾēr*": "preposition with piel infinitive construct - to beautify/glorify", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct noun - house of", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*bi-Yərûšālāim*": "preposition with proper noun - in Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*bārûḵ*": "blessed/praised", "*ʾăḇôṯênû*": "our fathers/ancestors", "*nāṯan*": "gave/put/placed", "*lēḇ*": "heart/mind/will", "*ləp̄āʾēr*": "to beautify/glorify/adorn" } } 28 { "verseID": "Ezra.7.28", "source": "וְעָלַ֣י הִטָּה־חֶ֗סֶד לִפְנֵ֤י הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ וְיֽוֹעֲצָ֔יו וּלְכָל־שָׂרֵ֥י הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ הַגִּבֹּרִ֑ים וַאֲנִ֣י הִתְחַזַּ֗קְתִּי כְּיַד־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהַי֙ עָלַ֔י וָאֶקְבְּצָ֧ה מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֛ל רָאשִׁ֖ים לַעֲל֥וֹת עִמִּֽי׃", "text": "And upon me *hiṭṭāh*-*ḥeseḏ* before the *meleḵ* and *yôʿăṣāyw* and to all-*śārê* the *meleḵ* the *gibbōrîm* and I *hiṯḥazzaqtî* according to *yaḏ*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhay* upon me and *wāʾeqbəṣāh* from *Yiśrāʾēl* *rāʾšîm* to *laʿălôṯ* with me", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿālay*": "conjunction with preposition and first person singular suffix - and upon me", "*hiṭṭāh*": "perfect verb, third person masculine singular, hiphil stem - extended/inclined", "*ḥeseḏ*": "masculine singular noun - lovingkindness/favor", "*li-p̄nê*": "preposition with masculine plural construct noun - before", "*ha-meleḵ*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the king", "*wə-yôʿăṣāyw*": "conjunction with masculine plural noun with third person masculine singular suffix - and his counselors", "*û-lə-ḵāl*": "conjunction with preposition and masculine singular adjective - and to all", "*śārê*": "masculine plural construct noun - officials of", "*ha-meleḵ*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the king", "*ha-gibbōrîm*": "definite article with masculine plural adjective - the mighty", "*wa-ʾănî*": "conjunction with first person singular pronoun - and I", "*hiṯḥazzaqtî*": "perfect verb, first person singular, hithpael stem - strengthened myself", "*kə-yaḏ*": "preposition with feminine singular construct noun - according to hand of", "*ʾĕlōhay*": "masculine plural noun with first person singular suffix - my God", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with first person singular suffix - upon me", "*wā-ʾeqbəṣāh*": "imperfect verb with waw consecutive, first person singular, qal stem - and I gathered", "*mi-Yiśrāʾēl*": "preposition with proper noun - from Israel", "*rāʾšîm*": "masculine plural noun - heads/chiefs", "*la-ʿălôṯ*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to go up", "*ʿimmî*": "preposition with first person singular suffix - with me" }, "variants": { "*hiṭṭāh*": "extended/inclined/showed", "*ḥeseḏ*": "lovingkindness/favor/mercy", "*yôʿăṣāyw*": "his counselors/advisers", "*śārê*": "officials/princes/commanders", "*gibbōrîm*": "mighty/powerful/influential", "*hiṯḥazzaqtî*": "strengthened myself/took courage", "*yaḏ*": "hand/power/guidance", "*wāʾeqbəṣāh*": "and I gathered/assembled/collected", "*rāʾšîm*": "heads/chiefs/leaders", "*laʿălôṯ*": "to go up/ascend/journey" } }
• Neh 2:6-9 : 6 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.2.6", "source": "וַיֹּאמֶר֩ לִ֨י הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ וְהַשֵּׁגַ֣ל ׀ יוֹשֶׁ֣בֶת אֶצְל֗וֹ עַד־מָתַ֛י יִהְיֶ֥ה מַ‪[t]‬הֲלָכֲךָ֖ וּמָתַ֣י תָּשׁ֑וּב וַיִּיטַ֤ב לִפְנֵֽי־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ וַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֔נִי וָֽאֶתְּנָ֥ה ל֖וֹ זְמָֽן", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* to-me the-*melek* *wə-ha-šēgal* *yôšebet* beside-him until-when will-be *mahălākăkā* and-when *tāšûb* *wa-yîṭab* before-the-*melek* *wa-yišlāḥēnî* *wā-ʾettənāh* to-him *zəmān*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*melek*": "masculine singular - king", "*wə-ha-šēgal*": "conjunction + article + feminine singular - and the queen/consort", "*yôšebet*": "qal participle feminine singular - sitting", "*mahălākăkā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your journey", "*tāšûb*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will return", "*wa-yîṭab*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it was good/pleasing", "*wa-yišlāḥēnî*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - and he sent me", "*wā-ʾettənāh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st singular - and I gave/set", "*zəmān*": "masculine singular - time/appointed time" }, "variants": { "*šēgal*": "queen/consort/royal wife", "*mahălākăkā*": "your journey/trip/travel", "*zəmān*": "time/appointed time/date" } } 7 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.2.7", "source": "וָאוֹמַר֮ לַמֶּלֶךְ֒ אִם־עַל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ ט֔וֹב אִגְּרוֹת֙ יִתְּנוּ־לִ֔י עַֽל־פַּחֲו֖וֹת עֵ֣בֶר הַנָּהָ֑ר אֲשֶׁר֙ יַעֲבִיר֔וּנִי עַ֥ד אֲשֶׁר־אָב֖וֹא אֶל־יְהוּדָֽה", "text": "*wā-ʾômar* to-the-*melek* if-upon-the-*melek* *ṭôb* *ʾiggərôt* may-they-give-to-me upon-*paḥăwôt* *ʿēber* the-*nāhār* *ʾăšer* they-may-let-pass-me until *ʾăšer*-I-come to-*yəhûdāh*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾômar*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st singular - and I said", "*melek*": "masculine singular - king", "*ṭôb*": "adjective masculine singular - good/pleasing", "*ʾiggərôt*": "feminine plural - letters", "*yittənû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural jussive - may they give", "*paḥăwôt*": "masculine plural construct - governors of", "*ʿēber*": "masculine singular construct - beyond/across", "*nāhār*": "masculine singular - river", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/that", "*yaʿăbîrûnî*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural + 1st singular suffix - they may allow me to pass", "*ʾābôʾ*": "qal imperfect 1st singular - I come/arrive", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah" }, "variants": { "*ʾiggərôt*": "letters/documents/official communications", "*paḥăwôt*": "governors/officials/satraps", "*ʿēber* *ha-nāhār*": "beyond the River/Trans-Euphrates", "*yaʿăbîrûnî*": "they may allow me to pass/escort me/give me passage" } } 8 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.2.8", "source": "וְאִגֶּ֡רֶת אֶל־אָסָף֩ שֹׁמֵ֨ר הַפַּרְדֵּ֜ס אֲשֶׁ֣ר לַמֶּ֗לֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִתֶּן־לִ֣י עֵצִ֡ים לְ֠קָרוֹת אֶת־שַׁעֲרֵ֨י הַבִּירָ֤ה אֲשֶׁר־לַבַּ֙יִת֙ וּלְחוֹמַ֣ת הָעִ֔יר וְלַבַּ֖יִת אֲשֶׁר־אָב֣וֹא אֵלָ֑יו וַיִּתֶּן־לִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ כְּיַד־אֱלֹהַ֖י הַטּוֹבָ֥ה עָלָֽי", "text": "*wə-ʾiggeret* to-*ʾāsāp* *šōmēr* the-*pardēs* *ʾăšer* to-the-*melek* *ʾăšer* he-may-give-to-me *ʿēṣîm* for-*qārôt* *ʾet*-*šaʿărê* the-*bîrāh* *ʾăšer*-to-the-*bayit* and-for-*ḥômat* the-*ʿîr* and-for-the-*bayit* *ʾăšer*-I-will-come to-it *wa-yitten*-to-me the-*melek* according-to-*yad*-*ʾĕlōhay* the-*ṭôbāh* upon-me", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾiggeret*": "conjunction + feminine singular - and a letter", "*ʾāsāp*": "proper noun - Asaph", "*šōmēr*": "qal participle masculine singular construct - keeper of", "*pardēs*": "masculine singular - park/forest/garden", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*yitten*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular jussive - may he give", "*ʿēṣîm*": "masculine plural - trees/timber", "*qārôt*": "piel infinitive construct - to roof/beam", "*šaʿărê*": "masculine plural construct - gates of", "*bîrāh*": "feminine singular - fortress/castle/palace", "*bayit*": "masculine singular - house/temple", "*ḥômat*": "feminine singular construct - wall of", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular - city", "*ʾābôʾ*": "qal imperfect 1st singular - I will come", "*wa-yitten*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he gave", "*yad*": "feminine singular construct - hand of", "*ʾĕlōhay*": "masculine plural noun + 1st singular suffix - my God", "*ṭôbāh*": "adjective feminine singular - good" }, "variants": { "*pardēs*": "forest/park/royal garden", "*ʿēṣîm*": "trees/timber/wood", "*qārôt*": "to beam/roof/make with beams", "*bîrāh*": "fortress/citadel/palace", "*ḥômat*": "wall of/rampart of", "*yad*-*ʾĕlōhay* *ha-ṭôbāh*": "the good hand of my God/God's favorable influence" } } 9 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.2.9", "source": "וָֽאָב֗וֹא אֶֽל־פַּֽחֲווֹת֙ עֵ֣בֶר הַנָּהָ֔ר וָאֶתְּנָ֣ה לָהֶ֔ם אֵ֖ת אִגְּר֣וֹת הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח עִמִּי֙ הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ שָׂ֥רֵי חַ֖יִל וּפָרָשִֽׁים", "text": "*wā-ʾābôʾ* to-*paḥăwôt* *ʿēber* the-*nāhār* *wā-ʾettənāh* to-them *ʾēt* *ʾiggərôt* the-*melek* *wa-yišlaḥ* with-me the-*melek* *śārê* *ḥayil* *û-pārāšîm*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾābôʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st singular - and I came", "*paḥăwôt*": "masculine plural construct - governors of", "*ʿēber*": "masculine singular construct - beyond/across", "*nāhār*": "masculine singular - river", "*wā-ʾettənāh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st singular - and I gave", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾiggərôt*": "feminine plural construct - letters of", "*melek*": "masculine singular - king", "*wa-yišlaḥ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*śārê*": "masculine plural construct - officers/captains of", "*ḥayil*": "masculine singular - army/force", "*û-pārāšîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural - and horsemen" }, "variants": { "*paḥăwôt*": "governors/officials/satraps", "*ʿēber* *ha-nāhār*": "beyond the River/Trans-Euphrates", "*śārê* *ḥayil*": "army officers/captains of forces", "*pārāšîm*": "horsemen/cavalry" } } 10 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.2.10", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע סַנְבַלַּ֣ט הַחֹרֹנִ֗י וְטֽוֹבִיָּה֙ הָעֶ֣בֶד הָֽעַמֹּנִ֔י וַיֵּ֥רַע לָהֶ֖ם רָעָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֑ה אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֣א אָדָ֔ם לְבַקֵּ֥שׁ טוֹבָ֖ה לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל", "text": "*wa-yišmaʿ* *sanballaṭ* the-*ḥōrōnî* *wə-ṭôbiyyāh* the-*ʿebed* the-*ʿammōnî* *wa-yēraʿ* to-them *rāʿāh* *gədōlāh* *ʾăšer*-came *ʾādām* to-*baqqēš* *ṭôbāh* for-*bənê* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wa-yišmaʿ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he heard", "*sanballaṭ*": "proper noun - Sanballat", "*ḥōrōnî*": "gentilic adjective masculine singular - Horonite", "*wə-ṭôbiyyāh*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Tobiah", "*ʿebed*": "masculine singular - servant", "*ʿammōnî*": "gentilic adjective masculine singular - Ammonite", "*wa-yēraʿ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it was displeasing", "*rāʿāh*": "feminine singular - evil/distress", "*gədōlāh*": "adjective feminine singular - great", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular - man/person", "*baqqēš*": "piel infinitive construct - to seek", "*ṭôbāh*": "feminine singular - good/welfare", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*wa-yēraʿ*": "it displeased them/they were greatly disturbed", "*rāʿāh* *gədōlāh*": "great displeasure/great evil", "*baqqēš* *ṭôbāh*": "to seek the welfare/good/prosperity", "*bənê* *yiśrāʾēl*": "children of Israel/Israelites" } }
• Esth 8:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Esther.8.1", "source": "בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא נָתַ֞ן הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ֙ לְאֶסְתֵּ֣ר הַמַּלְכָּ֔ה אֶת־בֵּ֥ית הָמָ֖ן צֹרֵ֣ר הַיְּהוּדִ֑ים וּמָרְדֳּכַ֗י בָּ֚א לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ כִּֽי־הִגִּ֥ידָה אֶסְתֵּ֖ר מַ֥ה הוּא־לָֽהּ׃", "text": "In the *yôm* the *hû'* *nātan* the *melek* *'ăḥašwērôš* to *'estēr* the *malkâ* *'ēt*-*bêt* *hāmān* *ṣōrēr* the *yĕhûdîm* and *mordŏkay* *bā'* to *pānîm* the *melek* for-*higgîdâ* *'estēr* what he-*lāh*.", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "masculine singular construct - day", "*hû'*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - gave", "*melek*": "definite noun, masculine singular - king", "*'ăḥašwērôš*": "proper noun - Ahasuerus/Xerxes", "*'estēr*": "proper noun - Esther", "*malkâ*": "definite noun, feminine singular - queen", "*'ēt*": "direct object marker", "*bêt*": "construct noun, masculine singular - house of", "*hāmān*": "proper noun - Haman", "*ṣōrēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - adversary of", "*yĕhûdîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - Jews", "*mordŏkay*": "proper noun - Mordecai", "*bā'*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - came", "*pānîm*": "plural noun with preposition - before/face of", "*higgîdâ*": "hiphil perfect 3rd feminine singular - told/declared", "*lāh*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to her" }, "variants": { "*nātan*": "gave/granted/assigned", "*bêt*": "house/household/estate", "*ṣōrēr*": "adversary/enemy/oppressor", "*higgîdâ*": "told/declared/revealed", "*hû'*-*lāh*": "what he was to her/their relationship" } } 2 { "verseID": "Esther.8.2", "source": "וַיָּ֨סַר הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ אֶת־טַבַּעְתּ֗וֹ אֲשֶׁ֤ר הֶֽעֱבִיר֙ מֵֽהָמָ֔ן וַֽיִּתְּנָ֖הּ לְמָרְדֳּכָ֑י וַתָּ֧שֶׂם אֶסְתֵּ֛ר אֶֽת־מָרְדֳּכַ֖י עַל־בֵּ֥ית הָמָֽן׃", "text": "And *wayyāsar* the *melek* *'ēt*-*ṭabba'tô* which *he'ĕbîr* from *hāmān* and *wayyitĕnāh* to *mordŏkay* and *wattāśem* *'estēr* *'ēt*-*mordŏkay* over-*bêt* *hāmān*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāsar*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and he removed", "*ṭabba'tô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his signet ring", "*he'ĕbîr*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he had taken away", "*wayyitĕnāh*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he gave it", "*wattāśem*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd feminine singular - and she placed/appointed", "*'ēt*": "direct object marker" }, "variants": { "*wayyāsar*": "removed/took off", "*ṭabba'tô*": "his signet ring/seal", "*he'ĕbîr*": "taken away/removed/transferred", "*wayyitĕnāh*": "gave it/bestowed it", "*wattāśem*": "placed/appointed/put in charge" } } 3 { "verseID": "Esther.8.3", "source": "וַתּ֣וֹסֶף אֶסְתֵּ֗ר וַתְּדַבֵּר֙ לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַתִּפֹּ֖ל לִפְנֵ֣י רַגְלָ֑יו וַתֵּ֣בְךְּ וַתִּתְחַנֶּן־ל֗וֹ לְהַֽעֲבִיר֙ אֶת־רָעַת֙ הָמָ֣ן הָֽאֲגָגִ֔י וְאֵת֙ מַֽחֲשַׁבְתּ֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָשַׁ֖ב עַל־הַיְּהוּדִֽים׃", "text": "And *wattôsep* *'estēr* and *watĕdabbēr* to *pānîm* the *melek* and *wattippōl* to *pānîm* *raglāyw* and *wattēbk* and *wattitḥannēn*-to him to *ha'ăbîr* *'ēt*-*rā'at* *hāmān* the *'ăgāgî* and *'ēt* *maḥăšabtô* which *ḥāšab* against-the *yĕhûdîm*.", "grammar": { "*wattôsep*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive 3rd feminine singular - and she added/continued", "*watĕdabbēr*": "piel imperfect consecutive 3rd feminine singular - and she spoke", "*wattippōl*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd feminine singular - and she fell", "*raglāyw*": "dual noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his feet", "*wattēbk*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd feminine singular - and she wept", "*wattitḥannēn*": "hitpael imperfect consecutive 3rd feminine singular - and she implored/pleaded", "*ha'ăbîr*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to remove/take away", "*rā'at*": "feminine singular construct - evil of", "*'ăgāgî*": "adjective, masculine singular - Agagite", "*maḥăšabtô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his plan", "*ḥāšab*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he planned/devised" }, "variants": { "*wattôsep*": "continued/spoke again/further", "*watĕdabbēr*": "spoke/petitioned/appealed", "*wattippōl*": "fell/prostrated herself", "*wattitḥannēn*": "pleaded/begged/implored", "*ha'ăbîr*": "remove/nullify/cancel", "*rā'at*": "evil/wickedness/harm", "*maḥăšabtô*": "plan/plot/scheme", "*ḥāšab*": "planned/devised/schemed" } } 4 { "verseID": "Esther.8.4", "source": "וַיּ֤וֹשֶׁט הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ לְאֶסְתֵּ֔ר אֵ֖ת שַׁרְבִ֣ט הַזָּהָ֑ב וַתָּ֣קָם אֶסְתֵּ֔ר וַֽתַּעֲמֹ֖ד לִפְנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "And *wayyôšeṭ* the *melek* to *'estēr* *'ēt* *šarbîṭ* the *zāhāb* and *wattāqom* *'estēr* and *watta'ămōd* to *pānîm* the *melek*.", "grammar": { "*wayyôšeṭ*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and he extended", "*šarbîṭ*": "masculine singular construct - scepter of", "*zāhāb*": "definite noun, masculine singular - gold", "*wattāqom*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd feminine singular - and she arose", "*watta'ămōd*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd feminine singular - and she stood" }, "variants": { "*wayyôšeṭ*": "extended/held out", "*šarbîṭ*": "scepter/rod", "*wattāqom*": "arose/got up", "*watta'ămōd*": "stood/positioned herself" } } 5 { "verseID": "Esther.8.5", "source": "וַ֠תֹּאמֶר אִם־עַל־הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ ט֜וֹב וְאִם־מָצָ֧אתִי חֵ֣ן לְפָנָ֗יו וְכָשֵׁ֤ר הַדָּבָר֙ לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְטוֹבָ֥ה אֲנִ֖י בְּעֵינָ֑יו יִכָּתֵ֞ב לְהָשִׁ֣יב אֶת־הַסְּפָרִ֗ים מַחֲשֶׁ֜בֶת הָמָ֤ן בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֙תָא֙ הָאֲגָגִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֣ר כָּתַ֗ב לְאַבֵּד֙ אֶת־הַיְּהוּדִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּכָל־מְדִינ֥וֹת הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "And *wattō'mer* if-upon-the *melek* *ṭôb* and if-*māṣā'tî* *ḥēn* to *pānāyw* and *kāšēr* the *dābār* to *pānê* the *melek* and *ṭôbâ* I in *'ênāyw* *yikkātēb* to *hāšîb* *'ēt*-the *sĕpārîm* *maḥăšebet* *hāmān* *ben*-the *hammĕdātā'* the *'ăgāgî* which *kātab* to *'abbēd* *'ēt*-the *yĕhûdîm* which in all-*mĕdînôt* the *melek*.", "grammar": { "*wattō'mer*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd feminine singular - and she said", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good/pleasing", "*māṣā'tî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have found", "*ḥēn*": "noun, masculine singular - favor/grace", "*pānāyw*": "plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his face", "*kāšēr*": "adjective, masculine singular - proper/fitting", "*dābār*": "definite noun, masculine singular - matter/thing", "*ṭôbâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - good/pleasing", "*'ênāyw*": "dual noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*yikkātēb*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular jussive - let it be written", "*hāšîb*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to revoke/return", "*sĕpārîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - letters/documents", "*maḥăšebet*": "feminine singular construct - plan of", "*ben*": "masculine singular construct - son of", "*hammĕdātā'*": "definite proper noun - Hammedatha", "*kātab*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he wrote", "*'abbēd*": "piel infinitive construct - to destroy", "*mĕdînôt*": "feminine plural construct - provinces of" }, "variants": { "*ṭôb*": "good/pleasing/acceptable", "*māṣā'tî*": "I have found/obtained", "*ḥēn*": "favor/grace/approval", "*kāšēr*": "proper/fitting/right", "*dābār*": "matter/thing/request", "*yikkātēb*": "let it be written/decreed/ordered", "*hāšîb*": "revoke/recall/reverse", "*sĕpārîm*": "letters/documents/decrees", "*maḥăšebet*": "plan/plot/scheme", "*'abbēd*": "destroy/annihilate/exterminate" } } 6 { "verseID": "Esther.8.6", "source": "כִּ֠י אֵיכָכָ֤ה אוּכַל֙ וְֽרָאִ֔יתִי בָּרָעָ֖ה אֲשֶׁר־יִמְצָ֣א אֶת־עַמִּ֑י וְאֵֽיכָכָ֤ה אוּכַל֙ וְֽרָאִ֔יתִי בְּאָבְדַ֖ן מוֹלַדְתִּֽי׃", "text": "For *'êkākâ* *'ûkal* and *rā'îtî* in the *rā'â* which-*yimṣā'* *'ēt*-*'ammî* and *'êkākâ* *'ûkal* and *rā'îtî* in *'obdan* *môladtî*.", "grammar": { "*'êkākâ*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*'ûkal*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular - I can/will be able", "*rā'îtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have seen", "*rā'â*": "definite noun, feminine singular - evil/calamity", "*yimṣā'*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - it will find/befall", "*'ammî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*'obdan*": "masculine singular construct - destruction of", "*môladtî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my kindred/relatives" }, "variants": { "*'êkākâ*": "how/how can/in what way", "*'ûkal*": "I can/will be able/endure", "*rā'îtî*": "I see/witness/endure", "*rā'â*": "evil/disaster/calamity", "*yimṣā'*": "will find/befall/happen to", "*'obdan*": "destruction/annihilation/demise", "*môladtî*": "my kindred/family/relatives" } } 7 { "verseID": "Esther.8.7", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ֙ לְאֶסְתֵּ֣ר הַמַּלְכָּ֔ה וּֽלְמָרְדֳּכַ֖י הַיְּהוּדִ֑י הִנֵּ֨ה בֵית־הָמָ֜ן נָתַ֣תִּי לְאֶסְתֵּ֗ר וְאֹתוֹ֙ תָּל֣וּ עַל־הָעֵ֔ץ עַ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַ֥ח יָד֖וֹ בַּיְּהוּדִֽים׃", "text": "And *wayyō'mer* the *melek* *'ăḥašwērōš* to *'estēr* the *malkâ* and to *mordŏkay* the *yĕhûdî* *hinnēh* *bêt*-*hāmān* *nātattî* to *'estēr* and *'ōtô* *tālû* upon-the *'ēṣ* because that-*šālaḥ* *yādô* against the *yĕhûdîm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyō'mer*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*yĕhûdî*": "adjective, masculine singular - Jewish", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have given", "*'ōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him", "*tālû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they hanged", "*'ēṣ*": "definite noun, masculine singular - tree/gallows", "*šālaḥ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he stretched out", "*yādô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh*": "behold/see/indeed", "*nātattî*": "I have given/bestowed/granted", "*tālû*": "they hanged/impaled", "*'ēṣ*": "tree/gallows/wooden structure", "*šālaḥ* *yādô*": "stretched out his hand/laid hands on/attacked" } } 8 { "verseID": "Esther.8.8", "source": "וְ֠אַתֶּם כִּתְב֨וּ עַל־הַיְּהוּדִ֜ים כַּטּ֤וֹב בְּעֵֽינֵיכֶם֙ בְּשֵׁ֣ם הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְחִתְמ֖וּ בְּטַבַּ֣עַת הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ כִּֽי־כְתָ֞ב אֲשֶׁר־נִכְתָּ֣ב בְּשֵׁם־הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וְנַחְתּ֛וֹם בְּטַבַּ֥עַת הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֵ֥ין לְהָשִֽׁיב׃", "text": "And *'attem* *kitbû* concerning-the *yĕhûdîm* as the *ṭôb* in *'ênêkem* in *šēm* the *melek* and *ḥitmû* with *ṭabba'at* the *melek* for-*kĕtāb* which-*niktāb* in *šēm*-the *melek* and *naḥtôm* with *ṭabba'at* the *melek* *'ên* to *hāšîb*.", "grammar": { "*'attem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you", "*kitbû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - write", "*ṭôb*": "definite adjective, masculine singular - good/pleasing", "*'ênêkem*": "dual noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your eyes", "*šēm*": "masculine singular construct - name of", "*ḥitmû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - seal", "*ṭabba'at*": "feminine singular construct - signet ring of", "*kĕtāb*": "masculine singular noun - writing/decree", "*niktāb*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it is written", "*naḥtôm*": "niphal participle masculine singular - sealed", "*'ên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*hāšîb*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to revoke/reverse" }, "variants": { "*kitbû*": "write/issue/decree", "*ṭôb* in *'ênêkem*": "as seems good to you/as you see fit", "*šēm*": "name/authority", "*ḥitmû*": "seal/authenticate", "*kĕtāb*": "writing/decree/edict", "*'ên* to *hāšîb*": "cannot be revoked/is irrevocable" } } 9 { "verseID": "Esther.8.9", "source": "וַיִקָּרְא֣וּ סֹפְרֵֽי־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ בָּֽעֵת־הַ֠הִיא בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֜י הוּא־חֹ֣דֶשׁ סִיוָ֗ן בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֣ה וְעֶשְׂרִים֮ בּוֹ֒ וַיִּכָּתֵ֣ב כְּֽכָל־אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֣ה מָרְדֳּכַ֣י אֶל־הַיְּהוּדִ֡ים וְאֶ֣ל הָאֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנִֽים־וְהַפַּחוֹת֩ וְשָׂרֵ֨י הַמְּדִינ֜וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ מֵהֹ֣דּוּ וְעַד־כּ֗וּשׁ שֶׁ֣בַע וְעֶשְׂרִ֤ים וּמֵאָה֙ מְדִינָ֔ה מְדִינָ֤ה וּמְדִינָה֙ כִּכְתָבָ֔הּ וְעַ֥ם וָעָ֖ם כִּלְשֹׁנ֑וֹ וְאֶ֨ל־הַיְּהוּדִ֔ים כִּכְתָבָ֖ם וְכִלְשׁוֹנָֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyiqqārĕ'û* *sōpĕrê*-the *melek* in the *'ēt*-the *hî'* in the *ḥōdeš* the *šĕlîšî* it-*ḥōdeš* *sîwān* in *šĕlôšâ* and *'eśrîm* in it and *wayyikkātēb* according to all-which-*ṣiwwâ* *mordŏkay* to-the *yĕhûdîm* and to the *'ăḥašdarpĕnîm*-and the *paḥôt* and *śārê* the *mĕdînôt* which from *hōddû* and unto-*kûš* *šeba'* and *'eśrîm* and *mē'â* *mĕdînâ* *mĕdînâ* and *mĕdînâ* according to *kĕtābāh* and *'am* and *'am* according to *lĕšōnô* and to-the *yĕhûdîm* according to *kĕtābām* and according to *lĕšônām*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqārĕ'û*": "niphal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine plural - and they were called/summoned", "*sōpĕrê*": "masculine plural construct - scribes of", "*'ēt*": "feminine singular construct - time of", "*hî'*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - that", "*ḥōdeš*": "definite noun, masculine singular - month", "*šĕlîšî*": "definite ordinal, masculine singular - third", "*sîwān*": "proper noun - Sivan", "*šĕlôšâ*": "number, masculine singular - three", "*'eśrîm*": "number - twenty", "*wayyikkātēb*": "niphal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and it was written", "*ṣiwwâ*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he commanded", "*'ăḥašdarpĕnîm*": "masculine plural - satraps", "*paḥôt*": "masculine plural - governors", "*śārê*": "masculine plural construct - officials of", "*mĕdînôt*": "feminine plural - provinces", "*hōddû*": "proper noun - India", "*kûš*": "proper noun - Ethiopia/Cush", "*šeba'*": "number, masculine singular - seven", "*mē'â*": "number, feminine singular - hundred", "*mĕdînâ*": "feminine singular - province", "*kĕtābāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its script", "*'am*": "masculine singular - people", "*lĕšōnô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its language", "*kĕtābām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their script", "*lĕšônām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their language" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqqārĕ'û*": "were summoned/called", "*sōpĕrê*": "scribes/secretaries", "*'ăḥašdarpĕnîm*": "satraps/provincial governors", "*paḥôt*": "governors/officials", "*śārê*": "officials/princes/nobles", "*mĕdînâ* *kĕtābāh*": "province in its script/according to its writing", "*'am* *lĕšōnô*": "people in its language/according to its tongue" } } 10 { "verseID": "Esther.8.10", "source": "וַיִּכְתֹּ֗ב בְּשֵׁם֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹ֔שׁ וַיַּחְתֹּ֖ם בְּטַבַּ֣עַת הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח סְפָרִ֡ים בְּיַד֩ הָרָצִ֨ים בַּסּוּסִ֜ים רֹכְבֵ֤י הָרֶ֙כֶשׁ֙ הָֽאֲחַשְׁתְּרָנִ֔ים בְּנֵ֖י הָֽרַמָּכִֽים׃", "text": "And *wayyiktōb* in *šēm* the *melek* *'ăḥašwērōš* and *wayyaḥtōm* with *ṭabba'at* the *melek* and *wayyišlaḥ* *sĕpārîm* by *yad* the *rāṣîm* on the *sûsîm* *rōkĕbê* the *rekeš* the *'ăḥaštĕrānîm* *bĕnê* the *rammākîm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiktōb*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and he wrote", "*wayyaḥtōm*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and he sealed", "*wayyišlaḥ*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*sĕpārîm*": "masculine plural - letters/documents", "*yad*": "feminine singular construct - hand of", "*rāṣîm*": "definite masculine plural participle - the couriers", "*sûsîm*": "definite masculine plural - horses", "*rōkĕbê*": "masculine plural construct - riders of", "*rekeš*": "definite masculine singular - swift steeds", "*'ăḥaštĕrānîm*": "definite masculine plural - royal horses", "*bĕnê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*rammākîm*": "definite masculine plural - mares" }, "variants": { "*rāṣîm*": "couriers/messengers/runners", "*rekeš*": "swift steeds/fast horses", "*'ăḥaštĕrānîm*": "royal horses/special breed of horses", "*bĕnê* the *rammākîm*": "offspring of royal studs/bred from royal mares" } }
• Ps 2:10-12 : 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.10", "source": "וְ֭עַתָּה מְלָכִ֣ים הַשְׂכִּ֑ילוּ הִ֝וָּסְר֗וּ שֹׁ֣פְטֵי אָֽרֶץ", "text": "*wə-ʿattâ* *məlāḵîm* *haśkîlû* *hiwwāsərû* *šōp̄ṭê* *ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattâ*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*məlāḵîm*": "masculine plural noun - kings", "*haśkîlû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine plural - be wise/act wisely", "*hiwwāsərû*": "niphal imperative, masculine plural - be instructed/take warning", "*šōp̄ṭê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - judges of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*haśkîlû*": "be wise/act wisely/consider well/show insight", "*hiwwāsərû*": "be instructed/take warning/accept discipline", "*šōp̄ṭê*": "judges/rulers/governors" } } 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.11", "source": "עִבְד֣וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה בְּיִרְאָ֑ה וְ֝גִ֗ילוּ בִּרְעָדָֽה", "text": "*ʿiḇḏû* *ʾeṯ*-*YHWH* *bəyirʾâ* *wə-ḡîlû* *birʿāḏâ*", "grammar": { "*ʿiḇḏû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - serve", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper name - LORD/Yahweh", "*bəyirʾâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - with fear/reverence", "*wə-ḡîlû*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine plural - and rejoice", "*birʿāḏâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - with trembling" }, "variants": { "*ʿiḇḏû*": "serve/worship/work for", "*yirʾâ*": "fear/reverence/awe", "*ḡîlû*": "rejoice/be glad/exult", "*rʿāḏâ*": "trembling/quaking/shaking" } } 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.2.12", "source": "נַשְּׁקוּ־בַ֡ר פֶּן־יֶאֱנַ֤ף ׀ וְתֹ֬אבְדוּ דֶ֗רֶךְ כִּֽי־יִבְעַ֣ר כִּמְעַ֣ט אַפּ֑וֹ אַ֝שְׁרֵ֗י כָּל־ח֥וֹסֵי בֽוֹ", "text": "*naššəqû*-*ḇar* *pen*-*yeʾĕnap̄* *wə-ṯōʾḇəḏû* *ḏereḵ* *kî*-*yiḇʿar* *kimʿaṭ* *ʾappô* *ʾašrê* *kol*-*ḥôsê* *ḇô*", "grammar": { "*naššəqû*": "piel imperative, masculine plural - kiss", "*ḇar*": "masculine singular noun - son/pure one", "*pen*": "conjunction - lest", "*yeʾĕnap̄*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he be angry", "*wə-ṯōʾḇəḏû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and you perish", "*ḏereḵ*": "masculine singular noun - way/path", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/when", "*yiḇʿar*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - burns", "*kimʿaṭ*": "preposition + adverb - as/like + little/slight", "*ʾappô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his anger/nostril", "*ʾašrê*": "construct masculine plural noun - blessings of/happy are", "*kol*": "masculine singular noun - all of", "*ḥôsê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - those taking refuge", "*ḇô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in him" }, "variants": { "*naššəqû*": "kiss/do homage", "*ḇar*": "son/pure one/chosen one (Aramaic: son)", "*yeʾĕnap̄*": "be angry/become furious", "*ṯōʾḇəḏû*": "perish/be destroyed/be lost", "*ḏereḵ*": "way/path/road/journey", "*yiḇʿar*": "burns/kindles/ignites", "*kimʿaṭ*": "in a little while/quickly/slightly", "*ʾašrê*": "blessed/happy/fortunate are", "*ḥôsê*": "those taking refuge/those seeking shelter/those trusting" } }
• Ps 34:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Psalms.34.22", "source": "תְּמוֹתֵ֣ת רָשָׁ֣ע רָעָ֑ה וְשֹׂנְאֵ֖י צַדִּ֣יק יֶאְשָֽׁמוּ׃", "text": "Will *təmôtēt* *rāšāʿ* *rāʿâ* and those hating *ṣaddîq* *yeʾšāmû*", "grammar": { "*təmôtēt*": "Polel imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will kill", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective masculine singular - wicked", "*rāʿâ*": "adjective feminine singular - evil", "*śōnəʾê*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct - those hating", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective masculine singular - righteous", "*yeʾšāmû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will be guilty" }, "variants": { "*təmôtēt*": "will kill/slay/put to death", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked person/criminal/guilty one", "*rāʿâ*": "evil/misfortune/calamity", "*śōnəʾê*": "those hating/despising/being hostile to", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous one/just one/innocent one", "*yeʾšāmû*": "they will be guilty/bear guilt/be condemned" } }
• Ps 68:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Psalms.68.31", "source": "גְּעַ֨ר חַיַּ֪ת קָנֶ֡ה עֲדַ֤ת אַבִּירִ֨ים ׀ בְּעֶגְלֵ֬י עַמִּ֗ים מִתְרַפֵּ֥ס בְּרַצֵּי־כָ֑סֶף בִּזַּ֥ר עַ֝מִּ֗ים קְרָב֥וֹת יֶחְפָּֽצוּ׃", "text": "*gəʿar* *ḥayyat* *qāneh* *ʿădat* *ʾabbîrîm* *bə-ʿeglê* *ʿammîm* *mitrappēs* *bə-raṣṣê*-*kāsep* *bizzar* *ʿammîm* *qərābôt* *yeḥpāṣû*", "grammar": { "*gəʿar*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - 'rebuke'", "*ḥayyat*": "feminine singular construct noun - 'beast of'", "*qāneh*": "masculine singular noun - 'reed/cane'", "*ʿădat*": "feminine singular construct noun - 'company of'", "*ʾabbîrîm*": "masculine plural adjective/noun - 'mighty ones/bulls'", "*bə-ʿeglê*": "preposition בְּ (among) + masculine plural construct noun - 'among calves of'", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'peoples'", "*mitrappēs*": "Hithpael participle masculine singular - 'prostrating himself'", "*bə-raṣṣê*": "preposition בְּ (with) + masculine plural construct noun - 'with pieces of'", "*kāsep*": "masculine singular noun - 'silver'", "*bizzar*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'he scattered'", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'peoples'", "*qərābôt*": "feminine plural noun - 'battles/wars'", "*yeḥpāṣû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they delight'" }, "variants": { "*gəʿar*": "rebuke/reprimand/reproach", "*ḥayyat* *qāneh*": "beast of reed/beast among reeds/wild beast of the marshes", "*ʾabbîrîm*": "mighty ones/bulls/strong ones", "*mitrappēs*": "prostrating himself/submitting/trampling", "*raṣṣê*-*kāsep*": "pieces of silver/bars of silver", "*bizzar*": "scattered/dispersed/destroyed", "*qərābôt*": "battles/wars/conflicts", "*yeḥpāṣû*": "they delight/they take pleasure/they desire" } }
• Ps 69:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.69.6", "source": "אֱ‍ֽלֹהִ֗ים אַתָּ֣ה יָ֭דַעְתָּ לְאִוַּלְתִּ֑י וְ֝אַשְׁמוֹתַ֗י מִמְּךָ֥ לֹא־נִכְחָֽדוּ׃", "text": "*'ĕlōhîm* *'attâ* *yāda'tā* to-*'iwwaltî* and-*'ašmôtay* from-you not-*niḵḥādû*", "grammar": { "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God", "*'attâ*": "2nd person masculine singular independent pronoun - you", "*yāda'tā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you know", "*'iwwaltî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed preposition lĕ - to my folly", "*'ašmôtay*": "feminine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - and my guilt/guilt-offerings", "*niḵḥādû*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are hidden" }, "variants": { "*'ĕlōhîm*": "God/gods", "*yāda'tā*": "you know/you knew", "*'iwwaltî*": "my folly/my foolishness", "*'ašmôtay*": "my guilt/my sins/my trespasses/my wrongdoings", "*niḵḥādû*": "they are hidden/they are concealed" } }
• Ps 72:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.72.9", "source": "לְ֭פָנָיו יִכְרְע֣וּ צִיִּ֑ים וְ֝אֹיְבָ֗יו עָפָ֥ר יְלַחֵֽכוּ׃", "text": "Before-*pānāyw* *yikrəʿû* *ṣîyîm* and-*ʾōyəbāyw* *ʿāpār* *yəlaḥēkû*", "grammar": { "*lə-pānāyw*": "preposition + noun, masculine, plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - before him", "*yikrəʿû*": "verb, imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will bow down", "*ṣîyîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - desert dwellers/wild animals", "*wə-ʾōyəbāyw*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his enemies", "*ʿāpār*": "noun, masculine, singular - dust", "*yəlaḥēkû*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will lick" }, "variants": { "*pānāyw*": "his face/his presence/before him", "*yikrəʿû*": "they will bow/kneel/fall prostrate", "*ṣîyîm*": "desert dwellers/inhabitants of dry places/wild beasts", "*ʾōyəbāyw*": "his enemies/adversaries/foes", "*ʿāpār*": "dust/dirt/powder", "*yəlaḥēkû*": "they will lick/lap up" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.72.10", "source": "מַלְכֵ֬י תַרְשִׁ֣ישׁ וְ֭אִיִּים מִנְחָ֣ה יָשִׁ֑יבוּ מַלְכֵ֥י שְׁבָ֥א וּ֝סְבָ֗א אֶשְׁכָּ֥ר יַקְרִֽיבוּ׃", "text": "*malkê* *Tarshîsh* and-*ʾîyîm* *minḥāh* *yāshîbû* *malkê* *Shəbāʾ* and-*Səbāʾ* *ʾeshkār* *yaqrîbû*", "grammar": { "*malkê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - kings of", "*Tarshîsh*": "proper noun - Tarshish", "*wə-ʾîyîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, plural - and islands/coastlands", "*minḥāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - gift/tribute/offering", "*yāshîbû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will return/bring", "*malkê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - kings of", "*Shəbāʾ*": "proper noun - Sheba", "*û-Səbāʾ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Seba", "*ʾeshkār*": "noun, masculine, singular - gift/present/tribute", "*yaqrîbû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will bring near/present" }, "variants": { "*malkê*": "kings of/rulers of", "*Tarshîsh*": "Tarshish (distant western land/port)", "*ʾîyîm*": "islands/coastlands/distant shores", "*minḥāh*": "gift/tribute/offering", "*yāshîbû*": "they will return/bring/pay", "*Shəbāʾ*": "Sheba (southern Arabia)", "*Səbāʾ*": "Seba (northern Africa/Ethiopia)", "*ʾeshkār*": "gift/present/tribute", "*yaqrîbû*": "they will bring/offer/present" } } 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.72.11", "source": "וְיִשְׁתַּחֲווּ־ל֥וֹ כָל־מְלָכִ֑ים כָּל־גּוֹיִ֥ם יַֽעַבְדֽוּהוּ׃", "text": "and-*yishtaḥăwû*-to-him all-*məlākîm* all-*gôyîm* *yaʿabdûhû*", "grammar": { "*wə-yishtaḥăwû-lô*": "conjunction + verb, hitpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they will bow down to him", "*kol-məlākîm*": "noun, masculine, singular construct + noun, masculine, plural - all kings", "*kol-gôyîm*": "noun, masculine, singular construct + noun, masculine, plural - all nations", "*yaʿabdûhû*": "verb, imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they will serve him" }, "variants": { "*yishtaḥăwû*": "they will bow down/prostrate themselves/worship", "*məlākîm*": "kings/rulers/monarchs", "*gôyîm*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*yaʿabdûhû*": "they will serve him/be subject to him/be his servants" } }
• Ps 138:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.138.4", "source": "יוֹד֣וּךָ יְ֭הוָה כָּל־מַלְכֵי־אָ֑רֶץ כִּ֥י שָׁ֝מְע֗וּ אִמְרֵי־פִֽיךָ׃", "text": "They will *yādāh*-you *YHWH* all-*melek*-of-*ʾereṣ*, *kî* they have *šāmaʿ* *ʾimrê*-*peh*-your.", "grammar": { "*yādāh*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural with 2nd person masculine suffix - they will praise/thank/acknowledge you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*melek*": "masculine plural construct - kings of", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular absolute - earth/land", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for/that", "*šāmaʿ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they have heard", "*ʾimrê*": "masculine plural construct - words/sayings of", "*peh*": "masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine suffix - your mouth" }, "variants": { "*yādāh*": "praise/thank/acknowledge/confess", "*YHWH*": "LORD/Yahweh/Jehovah (divine name)", "*melek*": "king/ruler/sovereign", "*ʾereṣ*": "earth/land/ground/territory", "*šāmaʿ*": "hear/listen/understand/obey", "*ʾimrê*": "words/sayings/speeches/commands", "*peh*": "mouth/speech/command/edge" } }
• Isa 49:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.49.7", "source": "כֹּ֣ה אָֽמַר־יְהוָה֩ גֹּאֵ֨ל יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל קְדוֹשׁ֗וֹ לִבְזֹה־נֶ֜פֶשׁ לִמְתָ֤עֵֽב גּוֹי֙ לְעֶ֣בֶד מֹשְׁלִ֔ים מְלָכִים֙ יִרְא֣וּ וָקָ֔מוּ שָׂרִ֖ים וְיִֽשְׁתַּחֲוּ֑וּ לְמַ֤עַן יְהוָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נֶאֱמָ֔ן קְדֹ֥שׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וַיִּבְחָרֶֽךָּ׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar*-*YHWH* *gōʾēl* *Yiśrāʾēl* *qəḏôšô* to-*liḇzōh*-*nep̱eš* to-*miṯāʿēḇ* *gôy* to-*ʿeḇed* *mōšəlîm*: *məlāḵîm* *yirʾû* *wāqāmû*, *śārîm* *wəyištaḥăwû*; for-sake *YHWH* *ʾăšer* *neʾĕmān*, *qəḏōš* *Yiśrāʾēl* *wayyiḇḥāreḵā*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*gōʾēl*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular construct - redeemer of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*qəḏôšô*": "adjective, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his holy one", "*liḇzōh*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to one despised", "*nep̱eš*": "noun, feminine singular - soul/life/being", "*miṯāʿēḇ*": "verb, pual participle, masculine singular - one abhorred", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular - nation", "*ʿeḇed*": "noun, masculine singular - servant", "*mōšəlîm*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural - rulers", "*məlāḵîm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*yirʾû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will see", "*wāqāmû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they will rise up", "*śārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - princes/officials", "*wəyištaḥăwû*": "conjunction + verb, hishtaphel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they will bow down", "*neʾĕmān*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - faithful/reliable", "*qəḏōš*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - holy one of", "*wayyiḇḥāreḵā*": "waw consecutive + verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and he has chosen you" }, "variants": { "*gōʾēl*": "redeemer/avenger/kinsman-redeemer", "*qəḏôšô*": "his holy one/his sanctified one", "*liḇzōh*": "to one despised/to one contemned/to one disdained", "*nep̱eš*": "soul/life/person/being", "*miṯāʿēḇ*": "one abhorred/one detested/one loathed", "*mōšəlîm*": "rulers/governors/dominators", "*wāqāmû*": "and they will arise/and they will stand", "*wəyištaḥăwû*": "and they will bow down/and they will prostrate themselves", "*neʾĕmān*": "faithful/trustworthy/reliable" } }
• Isa 52:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Isaiah.52.15", "source": "כֵּ֤ן יַזֶּה֙ גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֔ים עָלָ֛יו יִקְפְּצ֥וּ מְלָכִ֖ים פִּיהֶ֑ם כִּ֠י אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹֽא־סֻפַּ֤ר לָהֶם֙ רָא֔וּ וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־שָׁמְע֖וּ הִתְבּוֹנָֽנוּ׃", "text": "*kēn* *yazzeh* *gôyim* *rabbîm* *ʿālāyw* *yiqpəṣû* *məlākîm* *pîhem* *kî* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ-suppar* *lāhem* *rāʾû* *waʾăšer* *lōʾ-šāməʿû* *hitbônānû*", "grammar": { "*kēn*": "adverb - so", "*yazzeh*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will sprinkle/startle", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - at him", "*yiqpəṣû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will shut", "*məlākîm*": "noun, masculine plural - kings", "*pîhem*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their mouth", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that which", "*lōʾ-suppar*": "negative particle + verb, pual perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was not told", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*rāʾû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have seen", "*waʾăšer*": "conjunction + relative pronoun - and that which", "*lōʾ-šāməʿû*": "negative particle + verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have not heard", "*hitbônānû*": "verb, hitpolel perfect, 3rd person common plural - they will understand" }, "variants": { "*yazzeh*": "will sprinkle/will startle/will cause to leap", "*yiqpəṣû* *pîhem*": "will shut their mouths/will be speechless", "*suppar*": "was told/was related/was reported", "*hitbônānû*": "will understand/will consider/will perceive" } }