Isaiah 9:3

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

For you have shattered the yoke that burdened them, the bar across their shoulders, the rod of their oppressor, as on the day of Midian’s defeat.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כִּ֣י ׀ אֶת־עֹ֣ל סֻבֳּל֗וֹ וְאֵת֙ מַטֵּ֣ה שִׁכְמ֔וֹ שֵׁ֖בֶט הַנֹּגֵ֣שׂ בּ֑וֹ הַחִתֹּ֖תָ כְּי֥וֹם מִדְיָֽן׃

Transliteration

For ʾet-ʿōl his subŏlô and ʾēt-maṭṭēh his šiḵmô šēḇeṭ the nōgēś in him, you haḥittōtā like yôm midyān.

Grammar Details

• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *ʿōl*: noun, masculine, singular, construct - yoke of
• *subŏlô*: noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person, masculine, singular suffix - his burden
• *maṭṭēh*: noun, masculine, singular, construct - staff of/rod of
• *šiḵmô*: noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person, masculine, singular suffix - his shoulder
• *šēḇeṭ*: noun, masculine, singular, construct - rod of/staff of
• *nōgēś*: participle, Qal, masculine, singular - oppressor/taskmaster
• *haḥittōtā*: verb, Hiphil, perfect, 2nd person, masculine, singular - you have broken/shattered
• *yôm*: noun, masculine, singular, construct - day of
• *midyān*: proper noun - Midian

Word Meanings

• *ʿōl*: yoke/burden
• *subŏlô*: his burden/his load
• *maṭṭēh*: staff/rod/branch
• *šēḇeṭ*: rod/staff/tribe/scepter
• *nōgēś*: oppressor/taskmaster/one who drives
• *haḥittōtā*: broken/shattered/dismayed

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Thou hast multiplied the nation, and not increased the joy: they joy before thee according to the joy in harvest, and as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  You have multiplied the nation and not increased the joy; they rejoice before you according to the joy in harvest, and as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Thou hast multiplied the nation, and not increased the joy: they joy before thee according to the joy in harvest, and as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Thou hast multiplied{H7235} the nation,{H1471} thou hast increased{H1431} their joy:{H8057} they joy{H8055} before{H6440} thee according to the joy{H8057} in harvest,{H7105} as men rejoice{H1523} when they divide{H2505} the spoil.{H7998}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Thou hast multiplied{H7235}{(H8689)} the nation{H1471}, and not increased{H1431}{(H8689)} the joy{H8057}: they joy{H8055}{(H8804)} before{H6440} thee according to the joy{H8057} in harvest{H7105}, and as men rejoice{H1523}{(H8799)} when they divide{H2505}{(H8763)} the spoil{H7998}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Shalt thou multiplie the people, and not increase the ioye also? They shal reioyse before the euen as men make mery in haruest, and as men that haue gotten the victory, when they deale the spoyle.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Thou hast multiplied the nation, and not increased their ioye: they haue reioyced before thee according to the ioye in haruest, and as men reioyce when they deuide a spoyle.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Thou hast multiplied the people, and not increased their ioy: they reioyce before thee, euen as men make merie in haruest, and they be ioyfull as men that do deuide the spoyle after the victorie.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Thou hast multiplied the nation, [and] not increased the joy: they joy before thee according to the joy in harvest, [and] as [men] rejoice when they divide the spoil.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  You have multiplied the nation, you have increased their joy: they joy before you according to the joy in harvest, as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Thou hast multiplied the nation, Thou hast made great its joy, They have joyed before Thee as the joy in harvest, As `men' rejoice in their apportioning spoil.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Thou hast multiplied the nation, thou hast increased their joy: they joy before thee according to the joy in harvest, as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Thou hast multiplied the nation, thou hast increased their joy: they joy before thee according to the joy in harvest, as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  You have made them very glad, increasing their joy. They are glad before you as men are glad in the time of getting in the grain, or when they make division of the goods taken in war.

• World English Bible (2000)

  You have multiplied the nation. You have increased their joy. They rejoice before you according to the joy in harvest, as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  You have enlarged the nation; you give them great joy. They rejoice in your presence as harvesters rejoice; as warriors celebrate when they divide up the plunder.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 30:16 : 16 He led David down to them, and there they were, scattered over the countryside, eating, drinking, and celebrating because of the great spoil they had taken from the land of the Philistines and from Judah.
• Ps 119:162 : 162 I rejoice in Your promise like one who finds great spoils.
• Isa 65:18 : 18 But be glad and rejoice forever in what I will create, for I will create Jerusalem to be a delight and its people a joy.
• Isa 66:10 : 10 Rejoice with Jerusalem and be glad for her, all you who love her; join in her joy, all you who mourn over her.
• Isa 26:15 : 15 You have increased the nation, LORD; You have increased the nation. You are glorified; You have extended all the borders of the land.
• Isa 35:10 : 10 The redeemed of the Lord will return and come to Zion with singing. Everlasting joy will crown their heads; they will obtain joy and gladness, and sorrow and sighing will flee away.
• Ps 4:7 : 7 Many say, 'Who will show us anything good?' Let the light of Your face shine upon us, O LORD.
• Ps 107:38 : 38 He blessed them, and they multiplied greatly, and He did not let their livestock decrease.
• 2 Chr 20:25-28 : 25 So Jehoshaphat and his men went to carry off their plunder, and they found among them a great amount of equipment, clothing, and articles of value—more than they could take away. There was so much plunder that it took three days to collect it. 26 On the fourth day they assembled in the Valley of Berakah, where they praised the LORD. That is why it is called the Valley of Berakah to this day. 27 Then, led by Jehoshaphat, all the men of Judah and Jerusalem returned joyfully to Jerusalem, for the LORD had given them cause to rejoice over their enemies. 28 They entered Jerusalem and went to the temple of the LORD with harps, lyres, and trumpets.
• Neh 9:23 : 23 You multiplied their descendants like the stars of heaven and brought them to the land You had promised their ancestors they would enter and take possession of.
• Ps 126:5-6 : 5 Those who sow in tears shall reap with joyful shouting. 6 The one who goes out weeping, carrying seed to sow, will surely return with joyful shouting, carrying their sheaves.
• Isa 12:1 : 1 On that day, you will say, "I will praise you, LORD, for even though you were angry with me, your anger has turned away, and you have comforted me."
• Isa 16:9-9 : 9 Therefore, I weep with the weeping of Jazer for the vine of Sibmah. I drench you with my tears, O Heshbon and Elealeh, for over your summer fruits and your harvest, shouts of joy have fallen silent. 10 Joy and gladness are taken away from the fertile fields. In the vineyards, no songs are sung, no cheers are heard. No one treads out wine in the presses—the cheerful shouting has stopped.
• Isa 25:9 : 9 In that day it will be said: ‘Surely this is our God; we trusted in him, and he saved us. This is the LORD; we trusted in him. Let us rejoice and be glad in his salvation.’
• Jer 31:7 : 7 For this is what the LORD says: Sing with joy for Jacob, shout for the chief of the nations. Proclaim, give praise, and say: Save, O LORD, your people, the remnant of Israel.
• Jer 31:12-14 : 12 They will come and shout for joy on the heights of Zion, and they will be radiant because of the LORD's bounty—grain, new wine, olive oil, the young of the flocks and herds. They will be like a well-watered garden, and they will no longer languish in sorrow. 13 The young women will rejoice and dance, and the young men and the old together. I will turn their mourning into joy; I will comfort them and give them gladness in place of sorrow. 14 I will satisfy the priests with abundance, and my people will be filled with my goodness, declares the LORD.
• Hos 4:7 : 7 The more they increased, the more they sinned against me. I will turn their glory into shame.
• Zech 2:11 : 11 Ho! Zion, escape, you who dwell with the Daughter of Babylon.
• Zech 8:23 : 23 This is what the LORD of Hosts says: In those days, ten men from every language and nation will take hold of the robe of a Jewish man and say, ‘Let us go with you, for we have heard that God is with you.’
• Zech 10:8 : 8 I will whistle for them and gather them, for I have redeemed them. They will become as numerous as they were before.
• Luke 11:22 : 22 But when someone stronger attacks and overpowers him, he takes away the armor in which the man trusted and divides up his plunder.
• Acts 8:8 : 8 So there was great joy in that city.
• Phil 4:4 : 4 Rejoice in the Lord always! I will say it again: Rejoice!
• 1 Pet 1:8 : 8 Though you have not seen Him, you love Him. Though not seeing Him now, you believe in Him and rejoice with an inexpressible and glorious joy,
• Isa 49:20-22 : 20 The children you thought you had lost will say in your hearing, 'This place is too small for us. Make room for us to live here.' 21 Then you will say in your heart, 'Who bore me these children? I was bereaved and barren, exiled and rejected. Who raised these? I was left all alone—where have these come from?' 22 This is what the Sovereign Lord says: 'See, I will lift up my hand to the nations and raise my banner to the peoples. They will bring your sons in their arms and carry your daughters on their shoulders.'
• Isa 54:1 : 1 Sing, O barren woman who has not given birth! Break forth into song and shout with joy, you who have not been in labor! For the children of the desolate woman are more than the children of the married woman, says the Lord.
• Isa 55:12 : 12 For you will go out in joy and be led forth in peace; the mountains and hills will burst into song before you, and all the trees of the field will clap their hands.
• Isa 61:7 : 7 Instead of your shame you will receive a double portion, and instead of humiliation they will rejoice in their inheritance. Therefore, in their land, they will receive a double portion, and everlasting joy will be theirs.
• Isa 61:10 : 10 I will greatly rejoice in the Lord, my soul will be joyful in my God, for He has clothed me with garments of salvation and covered me with a robe of righteousness, like a bridegroom adorned with a headdress, and like a bride adorned with her jewels.
• Isa 35:2 : 2 It will burst into bloom abundantly and rejoice with joy and singing. The glory of Lebanon will be given to it, the splendor of Carmel and Sharon. They will see the glory of the Lord, the splendor of our God.
• Judg 5:3 : 3 Listen, kings! Pay attention, rulers! I will sing to the Lord; I will make music to the Lord, the God of Israel.