Verse 18

{ "verseID": "Hebrews.12.18", "source": "Οὐ γὰρ προσεληλύθατε ψηλαφωμένῳ ὄρει, καὶ κεκαυμενῳ πυρὶ, καὶ γνόφῳ, καὶ σκότῳ, καὶ θυέλλῃ,", "text": "Not for you have *proselēlythate* *psēlaphōmenō orei*, and *kekaumeno pyri*, and *gnophō*, and *skotō*, and *thuellē*,", "grammar": { "*proselēlythate*": "verb, perfect active indicative, 2nd person plural - you have come to/approached", "*psēlaphōmenō*": "participle, present passive, dative, singular, neuter - being touched/felt/handled", "*orei*": "noun, dative, singular, neuter - to mountain", "*kekaumeno*": "participle, perfect passive, dative, singular, neuter - having been burned/kindled", "*pyri*": "noun, dative, singular, neuter - with fire", "*gnophō*": "noun, dative, singular, masculine - to darkness/gloom", "*skotō*": "noun, dative, singular, neuter - to darkness", "*thuellē*": "noun, dative, singular, feminine - to tempest/whirlwind" }, "variants": { "*proselēlythate*": "you have come to/approached/drawn near to", "*psēlaphōmenō*": "being touched/felt/handled/tangible", "*kekaumeno*": "having been burned/kindled/set on fire", "*gnophō*": "darkness/gloom/blackness", "*thuellē*": "tempest/whirlwind/storm" } }

Other Translations

• Bibeloversettelse fra KJV1611 og Textus Receptus

  For dere har ikke kommet til et fjell som kan berøres, og som brenner med ild, eller til mørke, mørke, og storm,

• NT, oversatt fra gresk

  For dere har ikke kommet til et farlig fjell, og til et som brenner med ild, og til mørke og skygge, og til storm,

• Norsk King James

  For dere er ikke kommet til det berørte fjell, som brant med ild, eller til mørke, og storm,

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Dere er ikke kommet til et fjell som kan berøres, som brenner av ild, til tåke og mørke og storm,

• KJV/Textus Receptus til norsk

  For dere er ikke kommet til et fjell som kan røres, og som brant med ild, og til mørke, skodde og storm

• Den norske oversettelsen av Det Nye Testamente

  For dere er ikke kommet til et fjell som kan røres ved, brennende med ild, til mørke, skyer og storm,

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  For dere er ikke kommet til det fjellet som kan røres ved, og som brant med ild, og ikke til mørke og blacke og storm,

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  For dere har ikke kommet til fjellet som kan berøres, og som brant med ild, heller ikke til et sted preget av sorthet, mørke og storm.

• gpt4.5-preview

  For dere er ikke kommet til et fjell som kan berøres, som sto i brann, til mørke, skyer og storm,

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  For dere er ikke kommet til et fjell som kan berøres, som sto i brann, til mørke, skyer og storm,

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  For dere har ikke kommet til et fjell som kan berøres, brenner i ild, er omgitt av mørke, skyer og storm,

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  For you have not come to a mountain that can be touched, that is burning with fire, to darkness, gloom, and a storm,

• NT, oversatt fra gresk Aug2024

  For dere har ikke kommet til et håndgripelig fjell som brant med ild, til mørke, skodde og stormvind,

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Thi I ere ikke komne til et bævende Bjerg, der er antændt af Ild, og til Mulm og Mørke og Uveir,

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  For ye are not come unto the mount that might be touched, and that burned with fire, nor unto blackness, and darkness, and tempest,

• KJV 1769 norsk

  For dere er ikke kommet til et fjell som kan berøres, og som brenner med ild, mørke, mørke skyer og storm,

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  For you have not come to the mountain that may be touched and that burned with fire, and to blackness and darkness and tempest,

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  For ye are not come unto the mount that might be touched, and that burned with fire, nor unto blackness, and darkness, and tempest,

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  For dere er ikke kommet til et fjell som kan berøres, og som brant med ild, og til mørke, svarte skyer, storm,

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Dere er nemlig ikke kommet til et fjell som kan berøres og som brenner i ild, og til mørke, skodde og storm,

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  For dere er ikke kommet til et fjell som kan berøres, og som brant i ild, ikke til svarthet, mørke og storm,

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Dere er ikke kommet til et fjell som kan berøres og som brenner med ild, eller til mørke skyer, dype skyer og voldsom vind,

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  For ye are not come vnto the mounte that can be touched and vnto burninge fyre nor yet to myst and darcknes and tempest of wedder

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  For ye are not come to ye mout that can be touched and burneth with fyre, nether yet to myst and darcknes, and tempest of wedder,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  For ye are not come vnto the mount that might be touched, nor vnto burning fire, nor to blacknes and darkenes, and tempest,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  For ye are not come vnto the mount that is touched, & vnto burnyng fyre, and vnto storme and darkenesse, and tempestes of weather,

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ For ye are not come unto the mount that might be touched, and that burned with fire, nor unto blackness, and darkness, and tempest,

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  For you have not come to a mountain that might be touched, and that burned with fire, and to blackness, darkness, tempest,

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  For ye came not near to the mount touched and scorched with fire, and to blackness, and darkness, and tempest,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  For ye are not come unto [a mount] that might be touched, and that burned with fire, and unto blackness, and darkness, and tempest,

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  You have not come to a mountain which may be touched, and is burning with fire, and to a black cloud, and a dark smoke, and a violent wind,

• World English Bible (2000)

  For you have not come to a mountain that might be touched, and that burned with fire, and to blackness, darkness, storm,

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  For you have not come to something that can be touched, to a burning fire and darkness and gloom and a whirlwind

Referenced Verses

• Deut 4:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.11", "source": "וַתִּקְרְב֥וּן וַתַּֽעַמְד֖וּן תַּ֣חַת הָהָ֑ר וְהָהָ֞ר בֹּעֵ֤ר בָּאֵשׁ֙ עַד־לֵ֣ב הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם חֹ֖שֶׁךְ עָנָ֥ן וַעֲרָפֶֽל", "text": "And-*wattiqrᵉbûn* and-*wattaʿamdûn* under the-*hār*, and-the-*hār* *bōʿēr* in-the-*ʾēsh* unto-*lēb* the-*shāmayim* *ḥōshek* *ʿānān* and-*waʿărāpel*", "grammar": { "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*ttiqrᵉbûn*": "verb, qal imperfect, second person masculine plural - you approached", "*ttaʿamdûn*": "verb, qal imperfect, second person masculine plural - you stood", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular - mountain", "*hāhār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the mountain", "*bōʿēr*": "participle, qal, masculine singular - burning", "*bā*": "preposition with definite article - in the", "*ʾēsh*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*ʿad*": "preposition - unto/to/as far as", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heart of", "*shāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural - heavens/sky", "*ḥōshek*": "noun, masculine singular - darkness", "*ʿānān*": "noun, masculine singular - cloud", "*waʿărāpel*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular - and thick darkness" }, "variants": { "*ttiqrᵉbûn*": "you approached/you came near/you drew near", "*ttaʿamdûn*": "you stood/you positioned yourselves", "*hār*": "mountain/hill/mount", "*bōʿēr*": "burning/consuming/blazing", "*ʾēsh*": "fire/flame", "*lēb*": "heart/center/midst", "*shāmayim*": "heavens/sky/atmosphere", "*ḥōshek*": "darkness/obscurity", "*ʿānān*": "cloud/mass of clouds", "*ʿărāpel*": "thick darkness/heavy clouds/gloom" } }
• Exod 20:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.18", "source": "וְכָל־הָעָם֩ רֹאִ֨ים אֶת־הַקּוֹלֹ֜ת וְאֶת־הַלַּפִּידִ֗ם וְאֵת֙ ק֣וֹל הַשֹּׁפָ֔ר וְאֶת־הָהָ֖ר עָשֵׁ֑ן וַיַּ֤רְא הָעָם֙ וַיָּנֻ֔עוּ וַיּֽ͏ַעַמְד֖וּ מֵֽרָחֹֽק׃", "text": "*wə-ḵāl-hā-ʿām rōʾîm ʾeṯ-haq-qôlōṯ wə-ʾeṯ-hal-lappîḏim wə-ʾēṯ qôl hash-shōp̄ār wə-ʾeṯ-hā-hār ʿāshēn way-yarəʾ hā-ʿām way-yānuʿû way-yaʿamḏû mē-rāḥōq*", "grammar": { "*wə-ḵāl-hā-ʿām*": "conjunction + noun construct + definite article + masculine singular noun - and all the people", "*rōʾîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - seeing/perceiving", "*ʾeṯ-haq-qôlōṯ*": "direct object marker + definite article + feminine plural noun - the thunderings/voices", "*wə-ʾeṯ-hal-lappîḏim*": "conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine plural noun - and the flashes of lightning/torches", "*wə-ʾēṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - sound of", "*hash-shōp̄ār*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the trumpet/ram's horn", "*wə-ʾeṯ-hā-hār*": "conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - and the mountain", "*ʿāshēn*": "qal participle, masculine singular - smoking", "*way-yarəʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and saw/feared", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the people", "*way-yānuʿû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they trembled", "*way-yaʿamḏû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they stood", "*mē-rāḥōq*": "preposition + noun/adverb - at a distance" }, "variants": { "*rōʾîm*": "seeing/perceiving/witnessing", "*qôlōṯ*": "thunderings/voices/sounds", "*lappîḏim*": "lightning flashes/torches/flames", "*shōp̄ār*": "ram's horn/trumpet", "*ʿāshēn*": "smoking/in smoke", "*way-yarəʾ*": "and [the people] saw/feared (possible wordplay)", "*way-yānuʿû*": "and they trembled/shook/moved back", "*mē-rāḥōq*": "at a distance/far off/from afar" } }
• Exod 24:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.17", "source": "וּמַרְאֵה֙ כְּב֣וֹד יְהוָ֔ה כְּאֵ֥שׁ אֹכֶ֖לֶת בְּרֹ֣אשׁ הָהָ֑ר לְעֵינֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*ûmarʾēh* *kəbôd* *YHWH* *kəʾēš* *ʾōkelet* *bərōʾš* *hāhār* *ləʿênê* *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*ûmarʾēh*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and appearance of", "*kəbôd*": "noun, masculine singular construct - glory of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*kəʾēš*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - like fire", "*ʾōkelet*": "verb, qal participle feminine singular - devouring/consuming", "*bərōʾš*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - on top of", "*hāhār*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the mountain", "*ləʿênê*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct - to eyes of/in sight of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of/children of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*marʾēh*": "appearance/sight/vision", "*kəbôd*": "glory/honor/presence", "*ʾōkelet*": "devouring/consuming/burning", "*rōʾš*": "top/head/summit", "*ləʿênê*": "to eyes of/in sight of/before" } }
• Exod 19:12-22 : 12 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.12", "source": "וְהִגְבַּלְתָּ֤ אֶת־הָעָם֙ סָבִ֣יב לֵאמֹ֔ר הִשָּׁמְר֥וּ לָכֶ֛ם עֲל֥וֹת בָּהָ֖ר וּנְגֹ֣עַ בְּקָצֵ֑הוּ כָּל־הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בָּהָ֖ר מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת׃", "text": "*wə-higbaltā* *ʾet*-the *ʿām* *sābîb* *lēʾmōr* *hiššāmərû* to you *ʿălôt* in the *hār* and *nəgōaʿ* in *qāṣēhû* all the *nōgēaʿ* in the *hār* *môt* *yûmāt*.", "grammar": { "*wə-higbaltā*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil perfect 2nd masculine singular - and you shall set bounds", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people", "*sābîb*": "adverb - around/surrounding", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - saying", "*hiššāmərû*": "verb, niphal imperative 2nd masculine plural - be careful/take heed", "*ʿălôt*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to go up/ascend", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain", "*nəgōaʿ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to touch", "*qāṣēhû*": "noun, masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its edge/border", "*nōgēaʿ*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular (with definite article) - the one touching", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain", "*môt*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - dying", "*yûmāt*": "verb, hophal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will be put to death" }, "variants": { "*wə-higbaltā*": "and set bounds/and set limits/and mark off boundaries", "*hiššāmərû*": "take heed/be careful/guard yourselves", "*môt yûmāt*": "he shall surely be put to death (emphatic construction)" } } 13 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.13", "source": "לֹא־תִגַּ֨ע בּ֜וֹ יָ֗ד כִּֽי־סָק֤וֹל יִסָּקֵל֙ אוֹ־יָרֹ֣ה יִיָּרֶ֔ה אִם־בְּהֵמָ֥ה אִם־אִ֖ישׁ לֹ֣א יִחְיֶ֑ה בִּמְשֹׁךְ֙ הַיֹּבֵ֔ל הֵ֖מָּה יַעֲל֥וּ בָהָֽר׃", "text": "Not *tiggaʿ* in him *yād* for *sāqôl* *yissāqēl* or *yārōh* *yiyyāreh* if *bəhēmāh* if *ʾîš* not *yiḥyeh* in *mišōḵ* the *yōbēl* they *yaʿălû* in the *hār*.", "grammar": { "*tiggaʿ*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will touch", "*yād*": "noun, feminine singular - hand", "*sāqôl*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - stoning", "*yissāqēl*": "verb, niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will be stoned", "*yārōh*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - shooting", "*yiyyāreh*": "verb, niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will be shot", "*bəhēmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - beast/animal", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*yiḥyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will live", "*mišōḵ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - drawing out/sounding long", "*yōbēl*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the ram's horn/trumpet", "*yaʿălû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will go up", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain" }, "variants": { "*sāqôl yissāqēl*": "he shall surely be stoned (emphatic construction)", "*yārōh yiyyāreh*": "he shall surely be shot with arrows (emphatic construction)", "*yōbēl*": "ram's horn/trumpet/jubilee horn" } } 14 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.14", "source": "וַיֵּ֧רֶד מֹשֶׁ֛ה מִן־הָהָ֖ר אֶל־הָעָ֑ם וַיְקַדֵּשׁ֙ אֶת־הָעָ֔ם וַֽיְכַבְּס֖וּ שִׂמְלֹתָֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yēred* *mōšeh* from the *hār* to the *ʿām* *wə-yəqaddēš* *ʾet*-the *ʿām* *wə-yəḵabbəsû* *śimlōtām*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yēred*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he came down", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people", "*wə-yəqaddēš*": "conjunction + verb, piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he sanctified", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people", "*wə-yəḵabbəsû*": "conjunction + verb, piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they washed", "*śimlōtām*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their garments" }, "variants": { "*wə-yəqaddēš*": "and he sanctified/and he consecrated/and he prepared", "*wə-yəḵabbəsû*": "and they washed/and they cleansed", "*śimlōtām*": "their garments/their clothes/their outer garments" } } 15 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.15", "source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־הָעָ֔ם הֱי֥וּ נְכֹנִ֖ים לִשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֑ים אַֽל־תִּגְּשׁ֖וּ אֶל־אִשָּֽׁה׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* to the *ʿām* *hĕyû* *nəḵōnîm* for *šəlōšet* *yāmîm* not *tiggəšû* to *ʾiššāh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people", "*hĕyû*": "verb, qal imperative masculine plural - be", "*nəḵōnîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - ready/prepared", "*šəlōšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - three of", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days", "*tiggəšû*": "verb, qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall come near/approach", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman/wife" }, "variants": { "*nəḵōnîm*": "ready/prepared/set", "*tiggəšû*": "come near/approach/go near", "*ʾiššāh*": "woman/wife" } } 16 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.16", "source": "וַיְהִי֩ בַיּ֨וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֜י בִּֽהְיֹ֣ת הַבֹּ֗קֶר וַיְהִי֩ קֹלֹ֨ת וּבְרָקִ֜ים וְעָנָ֤ן כָּבֵד֙ עַל־הָהָ֔ר וְקֹ֥ל שֹׁפָ֖ר חָזָ֣ק מְאֹ֑ד וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד כָּל־הָעָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yhî* in the *yôm* the *šəlîšî* in *bihyōt* the *bōqer* *wə-yhî* *qōlōt* and *bərāqîm* and *ʿānān* *kābēd* on the *hār* and *qōl* *šōpār* *ḥāzāq* very and *wə-yeḥĕrad* all the *ʿām* *ʾăšer* in the *maḥăneh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yhî*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated - and it happened", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the day", "*šəlîšî*": "adjective, masculine singular (with definite article) - the third", "*bihyōt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - at the being of", "*bōqer*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the morning", "*wə-yhî*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated - and there were", "*qōlōt*": "noun, masculine plural - voices/thunders", "*bərāqîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lightnings", "*ʿānān*": "noun, masculine singular - cloud", "*kābēd*": "adjective, masculine singular - heavy/thick", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain", "*qōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sound of", "*šōpār*": "noun, masculine singular - ram's horn/trumpet", "*ḥāzāq*": "adjective, masculine singular - strong", "*wə-yeḥĕrad*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and trembled", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/that", "*maḥăneh*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the camp" }, "variants": { "*qōlōt*": "thunders/voices/sounds", "*ʿānān kābēd*": "thick cloud/dense cloud/heavy cloud", "*šōpār*": "trumpet/ram's horn/shofar" } } 17 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.17", "source": "וַיּוֹצֵ֨א מֹשֶׁ֧ה אֶת־הָעָ֛ם לִקְרַ֥את הָֽאֱלֹהִ֖ים מִן־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ בְּתַחְתִּ֥ית הָהָֽר׃", "text": "*wə-yôṣēʾ* *mōšeh* *ʾet*-the *ʿām* to *liqraʾt* the *ʾĕlōhîm* from the *maḥăneh* *wə-yityaṣṣəbû* in *taḥtît* the *hār*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yôṣēʾ*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he brought out", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people", "*liqraʾt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to meet", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (with definite article) - God/the gods", "*maḥăneh*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the camp", "*wə-yityaṣṣəbû*": "conjunction + verb, hithpael imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they stationed themselves", "*taḥtît*": "noun, feminine singular construct - lower part/foot of", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain" }, "variants": { "*liqraʾt*": "to meet/to encounter", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*taḥtît*": "foot/base/lower part" } } 18 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.18", "source": "וְהַ֤ר סִינַי֙ עָשַׁ֣ן כֻּלּ֔וֹ מִ֠פְּנֵי אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָרַ֥ד עָלָ֛יו יְהוָ֖ה בָּאֵ֑שׁ וַיַּ֤עַל עֲשָׁנוֹ֙ כְּעֶ֣שֶׁן הַכִּבְשָׁ֔ן וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד כָּל־הָהָ֖ר מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "And *har* *sînay* *ʿāšan* all of it from *mippənê* *ʾăšer* *yārad* upon it *YHWH* in the *ʾēš* *wə-yaʿal* *ʿăšānô* like *ʿešen* the *kibšān* *wə-yeḥĕrad* all the *hār* greatly.", "grammar": { "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*sînay*": "proper noun - Sinai", "*ʿāšan*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - smoked", "*mippənê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - from the presence of", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*yārad*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - descended/came down", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular (with definite article) - the fire", "*wə-yaʿal*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and went up", "*ʿăšānô*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its smoke", "*ʿešen*": "noun, masculine singular construct - smoke of", "*kibšān*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the furnace", "*wə-yeḥĕrad*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and trembled", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain" }, "variants": { "*ʿāšan*": "smoked/was smoking", "*mippənê*": "from the presence of/because of", "*kibšān*": "furnace/kiln/smelting furnace" } } 19 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.19", "source": "וַיְהִי֙ ק֣וֹל הַשּׁוֹפָ֔ר הוֹלֵ֖ךְ וְחָזֵ֣ק מְאֹ֑ד מֹשֶׁ֣ה יְדַבֵּ֔ר וְהָאֱלֹהִ֖ים יַעֲנֶ֥נּוּ בְקֽוֹל׃", "text": "*wə-yhî* *qôl* the *šôpār* *hôlēḵ* and *ḥāzēq* very *mōšeh* *yədabbēr* and the *ʾĕlōhîm* *yaʿănennu* in *qôl*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yhî*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated - and it was/became", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sound of", "*šôpār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the ram's horn/trumpet", "*hôlēḵ*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - going/continuing", "*ḥāzēq*": "adjective, masculine singular - strong", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*yədabbēr*": "verb, piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - was speaking", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural (with definite article) - God/the gods", "*yaʿănennu*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - would answer him", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular - voice" }, "variants": { "*hôlēḵ wə-ḥāzēq*": "growing louder and louder/increasing in volume and strength", "*yədabbēr*": "was speaking/would speak", "*bə-qôl*": "with a voice/audibly/with sound" } } 20 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.20", "source": "וַיֵּ֧רֶד יְהוָ֛ה עַל־הַ֥ר סִינַ֖י אֶל־רֹ֣אשׁ הָהָ֑ר וַיִּקְרָ֨א יְהוָ֧ה לְמֹשֶׁ֛ה אֶל־רֹ֥אשׁ הָהָ֖ר וַיַּ֥עַל מֹשֶֽׁה׃", "text": "*wə-yēred* *YHWH* on *har* *sînay* to *rōʾš* the *hār* *wə-yiqrāʾ* *YHWH* to *mōšeh* to *rōʾš* the *hār* *wə-yaʿal* *mōšeh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yēred*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he came down", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*sînay*": "proper noun - Sinai", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - top of", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain", "*wə-yiqrāʾ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - top of", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain", "*wə-yaʿal*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went up", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses" }, "variants": { "*rōʾš*": "top/summit/peak", "*wə-yiqrāʾ*": "and he called/and he summoned", "*wə-yaʿal*": "and he went up/and he ascended" } } 21 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.21", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה רֵ֖ד הָעֵ֣ד בָּעָ֑ם פֶּן־יֶהֶרְס֤וּ אֶל־יְהוָה֙ לִרְא֔וֹת וְנָפַ֥ל מִמֶּ֖נּוּ רָֽב׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *YHWH* to *mōšeh* *rēd* *hāʿēd* in the *ʿām* lest *yeherŝû* to *YHWH* *lirʾôt* *wə-nāpal* from him many.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*rēd*": "verb, qal imperative masculine singular - go down", "*hāʿēd*": "verb, hiphil imperative masculine singular - warn/testify", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people", "*yeherŝû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they break through", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)", "*lirʾôt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to see", "*wə-nāpal*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and fall", "*rāb*": "adjective, masculine singular - many/much" }, "variants": { "*hāʿēd*": "warn/testify/admonish", "*yeherŝû*": "break through/break in/burst through", "*wə-nāpal mimmenû rāb*": "and many of them will fall/and a multitude of them will perish" } } 22 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.22", "source": "וְגַ֧ם הַכֹּהֲנִ֛ים הַנִּגָּשִׁ֥ים אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה יִתְקַדָּ֑שׁוּ פֶּן־יִפְרֹ֥ץ בָּהֶ֖ם יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And also the *kōhănîm* the *niggāšîm* to *YHWH* *yitqaddāšû* lest *yiprōṣ* in them *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine plural (with definite article) - the priests", "*niggāšîm*": "verb, niphal participle masculine plural (with definite article) - the ones who come near", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)", "*yitqaddāšû*": "verb, hithpael imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they should consecrate themselves", "*yiprōṣ*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he breaks out", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)" }, "variants": { "*kōhănîm*": "priests/officiants", "*niggāšîm*": "who come near/who approach/who have access to", "*yitqaddāšû*": "consecrate themselves/sanctify themselves/purify themselves", "*yiprōṣ*": "break out against/break forth upon/attack" } }
• Deut 5:22-26 : 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.22", "source": "אֶֽת־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֡לֶּה דִּבֶּר֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֶל־כָּל־קְהַלְכֶ֜ם בָּהָ֗ר מִתּ֤וֹךְ הָאֵשׁ֙ הֶֽעָנָ֣ן וְהָֽעֲרָפֶ֔ל ק֥וֹל גָּד֖וֹל וְלֹ֣א יָסָ֑ף וַֽיִּכְתְּבֵ֗ם עַל־שְׁנֵי֙ לֻחֹ֣ת אֲבָנִ֔ים וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֖ם אֵלָֽי", "text": "*ʾEt*-the-*dəbārîm* the-these *dibber* *YHWH* to-all-assembly-of-you in-the-*hār* from-midst-of the-*ʾēš* the-*ʿānān* and-the-*ʿărāpel* *qôl* *gādôl* and-not *yāsāp* and-*wayyiktəbēm* on-two *luḥōt* *ʾăbānîm* and-*wayyitənēm* to-me", "grammar": { "*ʾEt*": "direct object marker", "*dəbārîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - words", "*dibber*": "Piel perfect 3ms - spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*hār*": "common noun, masculine singular - mountain", "*ʾēš*": "common noun, feminine singular - fire", "*ʿānān*": "common noun, masculine singular - cloud", "*ʿărāpel*": "common noun, masculine singular - thick darkness", "*qôl*": "common noun, masculine singular - voice", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*yāsāp*": "Qal perfect 3ms - he added", "*wayyiktəbēm*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms + 3mp suffix - and he wrote them", "*luḥōt*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - tablets of", "*ʾăbānîm*": "common noun, feminine plural - stones", "*wayyitənēm*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms + 3mp suffix - and he gave them" }, "variants": { "*dəbārîm*": "words/matters/things", "*dibber*": "spoke/declared/uttered", "*ʿānān*": "cloud/mass of cloud", "*ʿărāpel*": "thick darkness/gloom/deep cloud", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*yāsāp*": "he added/he continued/he did again", "*luḥōt*": "tablets/panels" } } 23 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.23", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י כְּשָׁמְעֲכֶ֤ם אֶת־הַקּוֹל֙ מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַחֹ֔שֶׁךְ וְהָהָ֖ר בֹּעֵ֣ר בָּאֵ֑שׁ וַתִּקְרְב֣וּן אֵלַ֔י כָּל־רָאשֵׁ֥י שִׁבְטֵיכֶ֖ם וְזִקְנֵיכֶֽם", "text": "And-*wayəhî* when-hearing-of-you *ʾet*-the-*qôl* from-midst-of the-*ḥōšek* and-the-*hār* *bōʿēr* in-the-*ʾēš* and-*wattiqrəbûn* to-me all-heads-of tribes-of-you and-elders-of-you", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms - and it happened", "*qôl*": "common noun, masculine singular - voice", "*ḥōšek*": "common noun, masculine singular - darkness", "*hār*": "common noun, masculine singular - mountain", "*bōʿēr*": "Qal participle masculine singular - burning", "*ʾēš*": "common noun, feminine singular - fire", "*wattiqrəbûn*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 2mp + paragogic nun - and you approached" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*ḥōšek*": "darkness/obscurity", "*bōʿēr*": "burning/being ablaze", "*wattiqrəbûn*": "and you approached/and you came near/and you drew near" } } 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.24", "source": "וַתֹּאמְר֗וּ הֵ֣ן הֶרְאָ֜נוּ יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ אֶת־כְּבֹד֣וֹ וְאֶת־גָּדְל֔וֹ וְאֶת־קֹל֥וֹ שָׁמַ֖עְנוּ מִתּ֣וֹךְ הָאֵ֑שׁ הַיּ֤וֹם הַזֶּה֙ רָאִ֔ינוּ כִּֽי־יְדַבֵּ֧ר אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶת־הָֽאָדָ֖ם וָחָֽי", "text": "And-*wattōʾmərû* behold *herʾānû* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *ʾet*-glory-his and-*ʾet*-greatness-his and-*ʾet*-voice-his *šāmaʿnû* from-midst-of the-*ʾēš* the-*yôm* the-this *rāʾînû* *kî*-*yədabbēr* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾet*-the-*ʾādām* and-*wāḥāy*", "grammar": { "*wattōʾmərû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 2mp - and you said", "*herʾānû*": "Hiphil perfect 3ms + 1cp suffix - he has shown us", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 1cp suffix - our God", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šāmaʿnû*": "Qal perfect 1cp - we have heard", "*ʾēš*": "common noun, feminine singular - fire", "*yôm*": "common noun, masculine singular - day", "*rāʾînû*": "Qal perfect 1cp - we have seen", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*yədabbēr*": "Piel imperfect 3ms - he speaks", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - God", "*ʾādām*": "common noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*wāḥāy*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect 3ms - and he lives" }, "variants": { "*herʾānû*": "he has shown us/he has displayed to us/he has revealed to us", "*šāmaʿnû*": "we have heard/we have listened to", "*rāʾînû*": "we have seen/we have observed/we have witnessed", "*yədabbēr*": "he speaks/he talks/he communicates", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/human", "*wāḥāy*": "and he lives/and he survives/and he remains alive" } } 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.25", "source": "וְעַתָּה֙ לָ֣מָּה נָמ֔וּת כִּ֣י תֹֽאכְלֵ֔נוּ הָאֵ֥שׁ הַגְּדֹלָ֖ה הַזֹּ֑את אִם־יֹסְפִ֣ים ׀ אֲנַ֗חְנוּ לִ֠שְׁמֹעַ אֶת־ק֨וֹל יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּ ע֖וֹד וָמָֽתְנוּ", "text": "And-now why *nāmût* *kî* *tōʾklēnû* the-*ʾēš* the-*gədōlāh* the-this if-*yōsəpîm* *ʾănaḥnû* to-*lišmōaʿ* *ʾet*-*qôl* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* again and-*wāmātnû*", "grammar": { "*nāmût*": "Qal imperfect 1cp - we will die", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*tōʾklēnû*": "Qal imperfect 3fs + 1cp suffix - it will consume us", "*ʾēš*": "common noun, feminine singular - fire", "*gədōlāh*": "adjective feminine singular - great", "*yōsəpîm*": "Qal active participle masculine plural - continuing", "*ʾănaḥnû*": "personal pronoun 1cp - we", "*lišmōaʿ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to hear", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*qôl*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - voice of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 1cp suffix - our God", "*wāmātnû*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect 1cp - and we will die" }, "variants": { "*nāmût*": "we will die/we will perish", "*tōʾklēnû*": "it will consume us/it will devour us/it will destroy us", "*gədōlāh*": "great/large/intense", "*yōsəpîm*": "continuing/adding/doing again", "*lišmōaʿ*": "to hear/to listen to/to obey" } } 26 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.26", "source": "כִּ֣י מִ֣י כָל־בָּשָׂ֡ר אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׁמַ֣ע קוֹל֩ אֱלֹהִ֨ים חַיִּ֜ים מְדַבֵּ֧ר מִתּוֹךְ־הָאֵ֛שׁ כָּמֹ֖נוּ וַיֶּֽחִי", "text": "*Kî* who all-*bāśār* who *šāmaʿ* *qôl* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ḥayyîm* *mədabbēr* from-midst-of-the-*ʾēš* like-us and-*wayyeḥî*", "grammar": { "*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*bāśār*": "common noun, masculine singular - flesh", "*šāmaʿ*": "Qal perfect 3ms - heard", "*qôl*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - voice of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - God", "*ḥayyîm*": "adjective masculine plural - living", "*mədabbēr*": "Piel participle masculine singular - speaking", "*ʾēš*": "common noun, feminine singular - fire", "*wayyeḥî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms - and lived" }, "variants": { "*bāśār*": "flesh/body/mankind", "*šāmaʿ*": "heard/listened to/heeded", "*ḥayyîm*": "living/alive", "*mədabbēr*": "speaking/talking/declaring", "*wayyeḥî*": "and lived/and survived/and remained alive" } }
• Rom 6:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Romans.6.14", "source": "Ἁμαρτία γὰρ ὑμῶν οὐ κυριεύσει: οὐ γάρ ἐστε ὑπὸ νόμον, ἀλλʼ ὑπὸ χάριν.", "text": "For *hamartia hymōn ou kyrieusei*: for *ou gar este* under *nomon*, *all'* under *charin*.", "grammar": { "*hamartia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - sin", "*hymōn*": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd person plural - your/of you", "*ou kyrieusei*": "future active indicative with negative particle, 3rd person singular - will not have dominion", "*ou gar*": "negative particle with conjunction - for not", "*este*": "present active indicative, 2nd person plural - you are", "*hypo nomon*": "prepositional phrase, accusative, masculine, singular - under law", "*all'*": "strong adversative conjunction (elided form) - but", "*hypo charin*": "prepositional phrase, accusative, feminine, singular - under grace" }, "variants": { "*hamartia*": "sin/error/missing the mark", "*kyrieusei*": "will have dominion/will rule over/will lord it over", "*nomon*": "law/principle/Torah", "*charin*": "grace/favor/goodwill" } }
• Rom 8:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Romans.8.15", "source": "Οὐ γὰρ ἐλάβετε πνεῦμα δουλείας πάλιν εἰς φόβον· ἀλλʼ ἐλάβετε Πνεῦμα υἱοθεσίας, ἐν ᾧ κράζομεν, Ἀββᾶ, ὁ Πατήρ.", "text": "*Ou gar elabete pneuma douleias palin eis phobon*; *all' elabete Pneuma huiothesias*, in which *krazomen*, *Abba, ho Patēr*.", "grammar": { "*Ou*": "negative particle - not", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*elabete*": "aorist active indicative 2nd person plural - you received", "*pneuma*": "accusative neuter singular - spirit", "*douleias*": "genitive feminine singular - of slavery", "*palin*": "adverb - again", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - to/into", "*phobon*": "accusative masculine singular - fear", "*all'*": "adversative conjunction - but", "*elabete*": "aorist active indicative 2nd person plural - you received", "*Pneuma*": "accusative neuter singular - Spirit", "*huiothesias*": "genitive feminine singular - of adoption", "*krazomen*": "present active indicative 1st person plural - we cry out", "*Abba*": "Aramaic term - Father", "*ho Patēr*": "nominative masculine singular - the Father" }, "variants": { "*elabete*": "you received/took/got [completed action]", "*pneuma douleias*": "spirit of slavery/bondage/servitude", "*phobon*": "fear/terror/dread", "*Pneuma huiothesias*": "Spirit of adoption/Spirit that brings adoption", "*krazomen*": "we cry out/call loudly/exclaim", "*Abba*": "Aramaic term for father (intimate, family term)" } }
• 2 Cor 3:9 : 9 { "verseID": "2 Corinthians.3.9", "source": "Εἰ γὰρ ἡ διακονία τῆς κατακρίσεως δόξα, πολλῷ μᾶλλον περισσεύει ἡ διακονία τῆς δικαιοσύνης ἐν δόξῃ.", "text": "*Ei gar* the *diakonia* of the *katakriseōs* *doxa*, by much rather *perisseuei* the *diakonia* of the *dikaiosynēs* in *doxē*.", "grammar": { "*Ei*": "conditional conjunction - if", "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*diakonia*": "noun, nominative singular feminine - ministry/service", "*katakriseōs*": "noun, genitive singular feminine - of condemnation", "*doxa*": "noun, nominative singular feminine - glory", "*perisseuei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - abounds/exceeds", "*diakonia*": "noun, nominative singular feminine - ministry/service", "*dikaiosynēs*": "noun, genitive singular feminine - of righteousness", "*doxē*": "noun, dative singular feminine - in glory" }, "variants": { "*diakonia*": "ministry/service/administration", "*katakriseōs*": "condemnation/judgment", "*doxa*": "glory/splendor/honor", "*perisseuei*": "abounds/exceeds/overflows/is more abundant", "*dikaiosynēs*": "righteousness/justice/uprightness" } }
• 2 Tim 1:7 : 7 { "verseID": "2 Timothy.1.7", "source": "Οὐ γὰρ ἔδωκεν ἡμῖν ὁ Θεὸς πνεῦμα δειλίας· ἀλλὰ δυνάμεως, καὶ ἀγάπης, καὶ σωφρονισμοῦ.", "text": "Not for *edōken* to us the *Theos pneuma deilias*; but of *dynameōs*, and of *agapēs*, and of *sōphronismou*.", "grammar": { "*edōken*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - gave/granted", "*hēmin*": "dative, 1st plural - indirect object", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - subject", "*pneuma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - direct object", "*deilias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - descriptive", "*dynameōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - descriptive", "*agapēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - descriptive", "*sōphronismou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - descriptive" }, "variants": { "*edōken*": "gave/granted/provided", "*pneuma*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*deilias*": "cowardice/timidity/fearfulness", "*dynameōs*": "power/strength/ability", "*agapēs*": "love/charity/benevolence", "*sōphronismou*": "self-discipline/sound judgment/self-control" } }