Verse 14

{ "verseID": "Lamentations.3.14", "source": "הָיִ֤יתִי שְּׂחֹק֙ לְכָל־עַמִּ֔י נְגִינָתָ֖ם כָּל־הַיּֽוֹם׃", "text": "*hāyîtî* *śeḥōq* to all *ʿammî* *negînātām* all the *yôm*", "grammar": { "*hāyîtî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I became/was", "*śeḥōq*": "noun, masculine singular - laughingstock/derision", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*negînātām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their mocking song", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day" }, "variants": { "*śeḥōq*": "laughingstock/derision/mockery", "*negînātām*": "their mocking song/their taunt song/their music" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Jer 20:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.20.7", "source": "פִּתִּיתַ֤נִי יְהוָה֙ וֽ͏ָאֶפָּ֔ת חֲזַקְתַּ֖נִי וַתּוּכָ֑ל הָיִ֤יתִי לִשְׂחוֹק֙ כָּל־הַיּ֔וֹם כֻּלֹּ֖ה לֹעֵ֥ג לִֽי׃", "text": "*pittîtanî* *YHWH* and *wāʾeppāt*, *ḥăzaqtanî* and *wattûḵāl*, *hāyîtî* to *śəḥôq* all-the *yôm*, all of it *lōʿēg* to me.", "grammar": { "*pittîtanî*": "piel perfect, 2nd masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - you have persuaded me", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*wāʾeppāt*": "waw consecutive + niphal imperfect, 1st common singular - and I was persuaded", "*ḥăzaqtanî*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - you have overpowered me", "*wattûḵāl*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you have prevailed", "*hāyîtî*": "qal perfect, 1st common singular - I have become", "*śəḥôq*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition - a laughingstock", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day", "*kūllōh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - all of it", "*lōʿēg*": "qal participle, masculine singular - mocking", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st common singular suffix - to me" }, "variants": { "*pittîtanî*": "you have persuaded me/enticed me/deceived me", "*wāʾeppāt*": "I was persuaded/enticed/deceived", "*ḥăzaqtanî*": "you have overpowered me/been too strong for me/prevailed over me", "*wattûḵāl*": "you have prevailed/overcome/succeeded", "*śəḥôq*": "laughingstock/mockery/derision", "*lōʿēg*": "mocking/ridiculing/laughing" } }
  • Lam 3:63 : 63 { "verseID": "Lamentations.3.63", "source": "שִׁבְתָּ֤ם וְקִֽימָתָם֙ הַבִּ֔יטָה אֲנִ֖י מַנְגִּינָתָֽם׃", "text": "*šibtām* and *qîmātām* *habbîṭâ* I am *mangînātām*", "grammar": { "*šibtām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sitting", "*qîmātām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their rising", "*habbîṭâ*": "verb, hiphil imperative, masculine singular - look", "*mangînātām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their mocking song" }, "variants": { "*šibtām*": "their sitting/their dwelling", "*qîmātām*": "their rising/their standing", "*habbîṭâ*": "look/observe/behold", "*mangînātām*": "their mocking song/their music/their taunt song" } }
  • Ps 22:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.22.6", "source": "אֵלֶ֣יךָ זָעֲק֣וּ וְנִמְלָ֑טוּ בְּךָ֖ בָטְח֣וּ וְלֹא־בֽוֹשׁוּ׃", "text": "To-you *zāʿăqû* and-*nimləṭû* in-you *bāṭḥû* and-not-*bôšû*", "grammar": { "*zāʿăqû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - 'they cried out'", "*nimləṭû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person common plural - 'they were delivered'", "*bāṭḥû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - 'they trusted'", "*bôšû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - 'they were put to shame'" }, "variants": { "*zāʿăqû*": "they cried out/called/screamed", "*nimləṭû*": "they were delivered/rescued/escaped", "*bāṭḥû*": "they trusted/relied on/had confidence in", "*bôšû*": "they were put to shame/disappointed/ashamed" } } 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.22.7", "source": "וְאָנֹכִ֣י תוֹלַ֣עַת וְלֹא־אִ֑ישׁ חֶרְפַּ֥ת אָ֝דָ֗ם וּבְז֥וּי עָֽם׃", "text": "And-*ʾānōkî* *tôlaʿat* and-not-*ʾîš* *ḥerpat ʾādām* and-*bəzûy ʿām*", "grammar": { "*ʾānōkî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - 'I'", "*tôlaʿat*": "noun, feminine, singular - 'worm'", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular - 'man'", "*ḥerpat*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - 'reproach of'", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine, singular - 'mankind/humanity'", "*bəzûy*": "verb, qal passive participle, masculine singular construct - 'despised of'", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine, singular - 'people'" }, "variants": { "*tôlaʿat*": "worm/maggot/crimson", "*ḥerpat*": "reproach/scorn/disgrace of", "*ʾādām*": "mankind/humanity/people", "*bəzûy*": "despised/scorned/held in contempt by" } }
  • Ps 35:15-16 : 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.35.15", "source": "וּבְצַלְעִי֮ שָׂמְח֢וּ וְֽנֶאֱ֫סָ֥פוּ נֶאֶסְפ֬וּ עָלַ֣י נֵ֭כִים וְלֹ֣א יָדַ֑עְתִּי קָֽרְע֥וּ וְלֹא־דָֽמּוּ׃", "text": "*Û*-*bə*-*ṣalʿî* *śāməḥû* *wə*-*neʾĕsāpû*, *neʾespû* *ʿālay* *nēkîm* *wə*-*lōʾ* *yādaʿtî*; *qārəʿû* *wə*-*lōʾ*-*dāmmû*.", "grammar": { "*Û*": "conjunction - and", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*ṣalʿî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my stumbling/fall", "*śāməḥû*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they rejoiced", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*neʾĕsāpû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they gathered", "*neʾespû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they gathered", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - against me", "*nēkîm*": "noun, masculine plural - smiters/attackers", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādaʿtî*": "perfect, 1st person singular - I knew", "*qārəʿû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural - they tore", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*dāmmû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural - they were silent" }, "variants": { "*ṣalʿî*": "my stumbling/limping/fall", "*śāməḥû*": "they rejoiced/were glad", "*neʾĕsāpû*": "they gathered/assembled", "*nēkîm*": "smiters/attackers/slanderers", "*yādaʿtî*": "I knew/recognized", "*qārəʿû*": "they tore/ripped/rent", "*dāmmû*": "they were silent/quiet/still" } } 16 { "verseID": "Psalms.35.16", "source": "בְּ֭חַנְפֵי לַעֲגֵ֣י מָע֑וֹג חָרֹ֖ק עָלַ֣י שִׁנֵּֽימוֹ׃", "text": "*Bə*-*ḥanpêy* *laʿăgêy* *māʿôg*, *ḥārōq* *ʿālay* *šinnêymô*.", "grammar": { "*Bə*": "preposition - with", "*ḥanpêy*": "noun, masculine plural construct - hypocrites of", "*laʿăgêy*": "noun, masculine plural construct - mockers of", "*māʿôg*": "noun, masculine singular - cake/food", "*ḥārōq*": "infinitive absolute - gnashing", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - against me", "*šinnêymô*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their teeth" }, "variants": { "*ḥanpêy*": "hypocrites/profane ones/godless people", "*laʿăgêy*": "mockers/scorners/those who deride", "*māʿôg*": "cake/food/feast", "*ḥārōq*": "gnashing/grinding", "*šinnêymô*": "their teeth" } }
  • Ps 44:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.44.13", "source": "תִּמְכֹּֽר־עַמְּךָ֥ בְלֹא־ה֑וֹן וְלֹ֥א־רִ֝בִּ֗יתָ בִּמְחִירֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*timkōr*-*ʿammĕkā* in *bĕlōʾ*-*hôn* and not-*ribbîtā* in *bimḥîrêhem*", "grammar": { "*timkōr*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you sell", "*ʿammĕkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people", "*bĕlōʾ*": "preposition + adverb - for not", "*hôn*": "noun, masculine singular - wealth", "*ribbîtā*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you increased", "*bimḥîrêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their prices" }, "variants": { "*timkōr*": "sell/give in exchange", "*hôn*": "wealth/riches/price", "*ribbîtā*": "increased/gained/profited", "*bimḥîrêhem*": "in their prices/in their value/by their worth" } }
  • Ps 69:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.69.11", "source": "וָאֶבְכֶּ֣ה בַצּ֣וֹם נַפְשִׁ֑י וַתְּהִ֖י לַחֲרָפ֣וֹת לִֽי׃", "text": "And-*'eḇkeh* in-the-*ṣôm* *napšî* and-*tĕhî* to-*ḥărāpôt* to-me", "grammar": { "*'eḇkeh*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 1st person singular - and I wept", "*ṣôm*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition ba and definite article - in the fasting", "*napšî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my soul", "*tĕhî*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it became", "*ḥărāpôt*": "feminine plural noun with prefixed preposition lĕ - for reproaches" }, "variants": { "*'eḇkeh*": "I wept/I cried", "*ṣôm*": "fast/fasting", "*napšî*": "my soul/my life/myself", "*tĕhî*": "it became/it was", "*ḥărāpôt*": "reproaches/insults/taunts" } } 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.69.12", "source": "וָאֶתְּנָ֣ה לְבוּשִׁ֣י שָׂ֑ק וָאֱהִ֖י לָהֶ֣ם לְמָשָֽׁל׃", "text": "And-*'ettĕnâ* *lĕḇûšî* *śāq* and-*'ĕhî* to-them to-*māšāl*", "grammar": { "*'ettĕnâ*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 1st person singular - and I made/put", "*lĕḇûšî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my clothing", "*śāq*": "masculine singular noun - sackcloth", "*'ĕhî*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 1st person singular - and I became", "*māšāl*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition lĕ - for a proverb/byword" }, "variants": { "*'ettĕnâ*": "I made/I put/I gave", "*lĕḇûšî*": "my clothing/my garment", "*śāq*": "sackcloth", "*'ĕhî*": "I became/I was", "*māšāl*": "proverb/byword/taunt/mockery" } }
  • Ps 79:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.79.4", "source": "הָיִ֣ינוּ חֶ֭רְפָּה לִשְׁכֵנֵ֑ינוּ לַ֥עַג וָ֝קֶ֗לֶס לִסְבִיבוֹתֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "*hāyînû* *ḥerpâ* to-*šəḵēnênû* *laʿaḡ* *wā*-*qeles* to-*səḇîḇôṯênû*", "grammar": { "*hāyînû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we have become/we were", "*ḥerpâ*": "feminine singular noun - reproach/taunt", "*lĕ*": "preposition - to/for", "*šəḵēnênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our neighbors", "*laʿaḡ*": "masculine singular noun - mockery/derision", "*wā*": "conjunction - and", "*qeles*": "masculine singular noun - scorn/ridicule", "*lĕ*": "preposition - to/for", "*səḇîḇôṯênû*": "feminine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our surroundings/those around us" }, "variants": { "*hāyînû*": "we have become/we were", "*ḥerpâ*": "reproach/taunt/object of scorn", "*šəḵēnênû*": "our neighbors/those dwelling near us", "*laʿaḡ*": "mockery/derision/laughingstock", "*qeles*": "scorn/ridicule/contempt", "*səḇîḇôṯênû*": "those around us/our surroundings/our neighbors" } }
  • Ps 123:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.123.3", "source": "חָנֵּ֣נוּ יְהוָ֣ה חָנֵּ֑נוּ כִּֽי־רַ֝֗ב שָׂבַ֥עְנוּ בֽוּז׃", "text": "*ḥānnēnû* *YHWH* *ḥānnēnû* for-*raḇ* *śāḇa'nû* *ḇûz*", "grammar": { "*ḥānnēnû*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - be gracious to us/show us favor", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*raḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - much/greatly", "*śāḇa'nû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person plural - we are filled/satiated", "*ḇûz*": "noun, masculine singular - contempt/scorn" }, "variants": { "*ḥānnēnû*": "be gracious to us/show us favor/have mercy on us", "*raḇ*": "much/greatly/abundantly", "*śāḇa'nû*": "we are filled/satiated/have had enough of", "*ḇûz*": "contempt/scorn/ridicule" } } 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.123.4", "source": "רַבַּת֮ שָֽׂבְעָה־לָּ֢הּ נַ֫פְשֵׁ֥נוּ הַלַּ֥עַג הַשַּׁאֲנַנִּ֑ים הַ֝בּ֗וּז לִגְאֵ֥יוֹנִֽים׃", "text": "*rabbat* *śāḇə'āh*-*lāh* *nap̄šēnû* the-*la'ag* the-*ša'ănannîm* the-*bûz* to-*gə'êônîm*", "grammar": { "*rabbat*": "adjective, feminine singular construct - great/much of", "*śāḇə'āh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it is filled/satiated", "*lāh*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to it/for it", "*nap̄šēnû*": "noun with 1st person plural suffix - our soul", "*la'ag*": "noun, masculine singular with article - the mocking/derision", "*ša'ănannîm*": "adjective, masculine plural with article - the complacent/secure ones", "*bûz*": "noun, masculine singular with article - the contempt", "*gə'êônîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - proud/arrogant ones" }, "variants": { "*rabbat*": "greatly/much/abundantly", "*śāḇə'āh*-*lāh*": "it has had enough/it is filled with/it is sated with", "*nap̄šēnû*": "our soul/our being/ourselves", "*la'ag*": "mocking/derision/ridicule", "*ša'ănannîm*": "complacent ones/secure ones/those at ease", "*bûz*": "contempt/scorn/disdain", "*gə'êônîm*": "proud ones/arrogant ones/haughty ones" } }
  • Ps 137:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.137.3", "source": "כִּ֤י שָׁ֨ם שְֽׁאֵל֪וּנוּ שׁוֹבֵ֡ינוּ דִּבְרֵי־שִׁ֭יר וְתוֹלָלֵ֣ינוּ שִׂמְחָ֑ה שִׁ֥ירוּ לָ֝֗נוּ מִשִּׁ֥יר צִיּֽוֹן׃", "text": "For there *šᵉʾēlūnū* *šōbēnū* *dibrē*-*šīr* and *tōlālēnū* *śimḥāh*: *šīrū* to us from *šīr* *Ṣiyyōn*", "grammar": { "*šᵉʾēlūnū*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural with 1st person plural suffix - they asked us", "*šōbēnū*": "masculine plural participle with 1st person plural suffix - our captors", "*dibrē*": "masculine plural construct - words of", "*šīr*": "masculine singular - song", "*tōlālēnū*": "masculine plural participle with 1st person plural suffix - our tormentors", "*śimḥāh*": "feminine singular - joy/gladness", "*šīrū*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - sing!", "*Ṣiyyōn*": "proper noun - Zion" }, "variants": { "*šᵉʾēlūnū*": "they asked us/they required of us", "*šōbēnū*": "our captors/those who took us captive", "*dibrē*-*šīr*": "words of song/lyrics", "*tōlālēnū*": "our tormentors/our mockers/those who made us wail", "*śimḥāh*": "joy/gladness/mirth", "*šīrū*": "sing!/perform!" } }
  • Jer 48:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.48.27", "source": "וְאִ֣ם ׀ ל֣וֹא הַשְּׂחֹ֗ק הָיָ֤ה לְךָ֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אִם־בְּגַנָּבִ֖ים נִמְצָ֑א כִּֽי־מִדֵּ֧י דְבָרֶ֛יךָ בּ֖וֹ תִּתְנוֹדָֽד׃", "text": "And if not the *śeḥōq* *hāyâ* to you *yiśrāʾēl* if among *gannābîm* *nimṣāʾ* because from abundance of *debāreykā* about him *titnôdād*", "grammar": { "*śeḥōq*": "noun with definite article, masculine singular - the derision/mockery", "*hāyâ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he was/became", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*gannābîm*": "noun, masculine plural - thieves", "*nimṣāʾ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he was found", "*debāreykā*": "noun with possessive suffix, masculine plural - your words", "*titnôdād*": "hithpael imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you wag/shake (your head)" }, "variants": { "*śeḥōq*": "derision/mockery/laughter/object of ridicule", "*hāyâ*": "was/became/existed", "*gannābîm*": "thieves/robbers", "*nimṣāʾ*": "was found/discovered/caught", "*debāreykā*": "your words/statements/speech", "*titnôdād*": "you wag/shake/nod (as in derision)" } }
  • Neh 4:2-4 : 2 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.4.2", "source": "וַיִּקְשְׁר֤וּ כֻלָּם֙ יַחְדָּ֔ו לָב֖וֹא לְהִלָּחֵ֣ם בִּירוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וְלַעֲשׂ֥וֹת ל֖וֹ תּוֹעָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyiqšərû* all of them *yaḥdāw* to *lābôʾ* to *ləhillāḥēm* against *bîrûšālāim* and to *laʿaśôt* to him *tôʿâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqšərû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3mp - and they conspired/plotted", "*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together", "*lābôʾ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to come", "*ləhillāḥēm*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - to fight", "*bîrûšālāim*": "preposition + proper noun - against Jerusalem", "*laʿaśôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to make/do", "*tôʿâ*": "noun feminine singular - error/confusion/harm" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqšərû*": "they conspired/plotted/made alliance", "*tôʿâ*": "error/confusion/harm/disturbance" } } 3 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.4.3", "source": "וַנִּתְפַּלֵּ֖ל אֶל־אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ וַנַּעֲמִ֨יד מִשְׁמָ֧ר עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם יוֹמָ֥ם וָלַ֖יְלָה מִפְּנֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wannitpallēl* to *ʾĕlōhênû* and *wannaʿămîd* *mišmār* against them *yômām* and *wālaylâ* from *mippənêhem*.", "grammar": { "*wannitpallēl*": "waw-consecutive + hitpael imperfect 1cp - and we prayed", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun masculine plural + pronominal suffix 1cp - our God", "*wannaʿămîd*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 1cp - and we caused to stand/set up", "*mišmār*": "noun masculine singular - guard/watch", "*yômām*": "adverb - by day", "*wālaylâ*": "waw-conjunctive + noun masculine singular - and night", "*mippənêhem*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix 3mp - from before them/because of them" }, "variants": { "*mišmār*": "guard/watch/watchman", "*mippənêhem*": "from before them/because of them/facing them" } } 4 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.4.4", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוּדָ֗ה כָּשַׁל֙ כֹּ֣חַ הַסַּבָּ֔ל וְהֶעָפָ֖ר הַרְבֵּ֑ה וַאֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙ לֹ֣א נוּכַ֔ל לִבְנ֖וֹת בַּחוֹמָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *Yəhûdâ*, *kāšal* *kōaḥ* *hassabbāl*, and the *heʿāpār* *harbê*; and we *lōʾ* *nûkal* to *libnôt* at the *baḥômâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said/said", "*Yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*kāšal*": "qal perfect 3ms - stumbled/failed/weakened", "*kōaḥ*": "noun masculine singular construct - strength of", "*hassabbāl*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the burden bearer", "*heʿāpār*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the dust/rubble", "*harbê*": "adjective masculine singular absolute - much/many", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*nûkal*": "qal imperfect 1cp - we are able", "*libnôt*": "qal infinitive construct - to build", "*baḥômâ*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - on the wall" }, "variants": { "*kāšal*": "stumbled/failed/weakened", "*kōaḥ*": "strength/power", "*hassabbāl*": "the burden bearer/porter/laborer", "*heʿāpār*": "dust/rubble/debris" } }
  • Job 30:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Job.30.1", "source": "וְעַתָּ֤ה ׀ שָֽׂחֲק֣וּ עָלַי֮ צְעִירִ֥ים מִמֶּ֗נִּי לְיָ֫מִ֥ים אֲשֶׁר־מָאַ֥סְתִּי אֲבוֹתָ֑ם לָ֝שִׁ֗ית עִם־כַּלְבֵ֥י צֹאנִֽי", "text": "And *ʿattâ* they *śāḥăqû* upon me *ṣəʿîrîm* from me in *yāmîm* whom I *māʾastî* their *ʾăḇôṯām*, *lāśîṯ* with *kalḇê* of my *ṣōʾnî*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and/but/now", "*ʿattâ*": "adverb - now", "*śāḥăqû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they laugh/mock", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - upon me", "*ṣəʿîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - younger ones", "*mimmennî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - from me/than me", "*lə-yāmîm*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural - for days/in age", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*māʾastî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I rejected/despised", "*ʾăḇôṯām*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*lāśîṯ*": "preposition with infinitive construct - to place/set/appoint", "*ʿim-kalḇê*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural construct - with dogs of", "*ṣōʾnî*": "noun, common singular with 1st person singular suffix - my flock/sheep" }, "variants": { "*ʿattâ*": "now/at this time", "*śāḥăqû*": "laugh at/mock/deride", "*ṣəʿîrîm*": "younger ones/youth/juniors", "*yāmîm*": "days/age/years", "*māʾastî*": "rejected/despised/refused", "*lāśîṯ*": "to place/to set/to appoint", "*kalḇê*": "dogs/contemptible persons" } } 2 { "verseID": "Job.30.2", "source": "גַּם־כֹּ֣חַ יְ֭דֵיהֶם לָ֣מָּה לִּ֑י עָ֝לֵ֗ימוֹ אָ֣בַד כָּֽלַח", "text": "Even *kōaḥ* of their *yəḏêhem* *lāmmâ* to me, upon them *ʾāḇaḏ* *kālaḥ*", "grammar": { "*gam*": "adverb/conjunction - also/even/moreover", "*kōaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - strength of", "*yəḏêhem*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their hands", "*lāmmâ*": "interrogative adverb - why/for what purpose", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me/for me", "*ʿālêmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix (poetic form) - upon them", "*ʾāḇaḏ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - perished/was lost", "*kālaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - vigor/full strength/old age" }, "variants": { "*kōaḥ*": "strength/power/ability", "*yəḏêhem*": "their hands/their abilities", "*lāmmâ*": "why/for what purpose/what use", "*ʾāḇaḏ*": "perished/was lost/destroyed", "*kālaḥ*": "vigor/full strength/maturity/old age" } } 3 { "verseID": "Job.30.3", "source": "בְּחֶ֥סֶר וּבְכָפָ֗ן גַּ֫לְמ֥וּד הַֽעֹרְקִ֥ים צִיָּ֑ה אֶ֝֗מֶשׁ שׁוֹאָ֥ה וּמְשֹׁאָֽה", "text": "In *ḥeser* and in *ḵāp̄ān* *galmûḏ* the *ʿōrəqîm* *ṣiyyâ*, *ʾemeš* *šôʾâ* and *məšōʾâ*", "grammar": { "*bə-ḥeser*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - in want/lack", "*û-ḇə-ḵāp̄ān*": "conjunction with preposition with noun, masculine singular - and in famine/hunger", "*galmûḏ*": "adjective, masculine singular - barren/desolate/solitary", "*ha-ʿōrəqîm*": "definite article with verb, qal participle, masculine plural - the fleeing ones/gnawing", "*ṣiyyâ*": "noun, feminine singular - dry/arid land/desert", "*ʾemeš*": "adverb - yesterday/recently/formerly", "*šôʾâ*": "noun, feminine singular - devastation/ruin/storm", "*û-məšōʾâ*": "conjunction with noun, feminine singular - and desolation/waste" }, "variants": { "*ḥeser*": "want/need/lack/poverty", "*ḵāp̄ān*": "famine/hunger/starvation", "*galmûḏ*": "barren/desolate/solitary/lifeless", "*ʿōrəqîm*": "fleeing ones/gnawing/those who gnaw", "*ṣiyyâ*": "dry land/desert/wilderness", "*ʾemeš*": "yesterday/recently/formerly/at night", "*šôʾâ*": "devastation/ruin/storm/waste", "*məšōʾâ*": "desolation/waste/ruin" } } 4 { "verseID": "Job.30.4", "source": "הַקֹּטְפִ֣ים מַלּ֣וּחַ עֲלֵי־שִׂ֑יחַ וְשֹׁ֖רֶשׁ רְתָמִ֣ים לַחְמָֽם", "text": "The *qōṭəp̄îm* *mallûaḥ* upon *śîaḥ* and *šōreš* *rəṯāmîm* their *laḥmām*", "grammar": { "*ha-qōṭəp̄îm*": "definite article with verb, qal participle, masculine plural - the ones plucking/gathering", "*mallûaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - mallow/salt herb", "*ʿălê-śîaḥ*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - upon bush/shrub", "*wə-šōreš*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular construct - and root of", "*rəṯāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - broom trees/juniper", "*laḥmām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bread/food" }, "variants": { "*qōṭəp̄îm*": "plucking/gathering/picking", "*mallûaḥ*": "mallow/salt herb/purslane", "*śîaḥ*": "bush/shrub/plant", "*šōreš*": "root/base/foundation", "*rəṯāmîm*": "broom trees/juniper/retem bushes", "*laḥmām*": "their bread/their food/their sustenance" } } 5 { "verseID": "Job.30.5", "source": "מִן־גֵּ֥ו יְגֹרָ֑שׁוּ יָרִ֥יעוּ עָ֝לֵ֗ימוֹ כַּגַּנָּֽב", "text": "From *gêw* they *yəḡōrāšû*, they *yārîʿû* upon them like the *gannāḇ*", "grammar": { "*min-gêw*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - from midst/community", "*yəḡōrāšû*": "verb, pual imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they are driven out", "*yārîʿû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shout/cry out", "*ʿălêmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix (poetic form) - upon them", "*ka-gannāḇ*": "preposition of comparison with noun, masculine singular - like the thief" }, "variants": { "*gêw*": "midst/community/society", "*yəḡōrāšû*": "are driven out/expelled/banished", "*yārîʿû*": "shout after/cry out/raise an alarm", "*gannāḇ*": "thief/stealer/robber" } } 6 { "verseID": "Job.30.6", "source": "בַּעֲר֣וּץ נְחָלִ֣ים לִשְׁכֹּ֑ן חֹרֵ֖י עָפָ֣ר וְכֵפִֽים", "text": "In *ʿărûṣ* *nəḥālîm* to *liškōn* *ḥōrê* *ʿāp̄ār* and *kêp̄îm*", "grammar": { "*ba-ʿărûṣ*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular construct - in gully/ravine of", "*nəḥālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - wadis/valleys/streams", "*liškōn*": "preposition with verb, qal infinitive construct - to dwell/inhabit", "*ḥōrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - holes of/caves of", "*ʿāp̄ār*": "noun, masculine singular - dust/earth/soil", "*wə-kêp̄îm*": "conjunction with noun, masculine plural - and rocks/cliffs" }, "variants": { "*ʿărûṣ*": "gully/ravine/ditch", "*nəḥālîm*": "wadis/valleys/streams/torrents", "*liškōn*": "to dwell/to inhabit/to live", "*ḥōrê*": "holes/caves/hollows", "*ʿāp̄ār*": "dust/earth/soil/ground", "*kêp̄îm*": "rocks/cliffs/crags" } } 7 { "verseID": "Job.30.7", "source": "בֵּין־שִׂיחִ֥ים יִנְהָ֑קוּ תַּ֖חַת חָר֣וּל יְסֻפָּֽחוּ", "text": "Between *śîḥîm* they *yinhāqû*, under *ḥārûl* they *yəsuppāḥû*", "grammar": { "*bên-śîḥîm*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural - between bushes/shrubs", "*yinhāqû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they bray/howl", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath", "*ḥārûl*": "noun, masculine singular - nettle/thorn bush", "*yəsuppāḥû*": "verb, pual imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they are gathered/huddled together" }, "variants": { "*śîḥîm*": "bushes/shrubs/plants", "*yinhāqû*": "bray/howl/cry out", "*ḥārûl*": "nettle/thorn bush/bramble", "*yəsuppāḥû*": "are gathered together/are huddled/are joined" } } 8 { "verseID": "Job.30.8", "source": "בְּֽנֵי־נָ֭בָל גַּם־בְּנֵ֣י בְלִי־שֵׁ֑ם נִ֝כְּא֗וּ מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ", "text": "Sons of *nāḇāl* even sons of *ḇəlî-šēm* they are *nikkəʾû* from the *ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*bənê-nāḇāl*": "noun, masculine plural construct with noun - sons of fool/senseless person", "*gam-bənê*": "adverb with noun, masculine plural construct - even/also sons of", "*ḇəlî-šēm*": "particle of negation with noun, masculine singular - without name/nameless", "*nikkəʾû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are beaten/struck/scourged", "*min-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition with definite article with noun, feminine singular - from the land/earth" }, "variants": { "*nāḇāl*": "fool/senseless person/godless person", "*ḇəlî-šēm*": "without name/nameless/infamous", "*nikkəʾû*": "beaten/struck/scourged/driven out", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/country/ground" } } 9 { "verseID": "Job.30.9", "source": "וְ֭עַתָּה נְגִינָתָ֣ם הָיִ֑יתִי וָאֱהִ֖י לָהֶ֣ם לְמִלָּֽה", "text": "And *ʿattâ* their *nəḡînāṯām* I *hāyîṯî*, and I *wāʾĕhî* to them for *millâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattâ*": "conjunction with adverb - and now", "*nəḡînāṯām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their song/mockery", "*hāyîṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have become/was", "*wāʾĕhî*": "conjunction with verb, qal imperfect apocopated, 1st person singular - and I have become/am", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them/for them", "*lə-millâ*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - for byword/object of talk" }, "variants": { "*ʿattâ*": "now/at this time", "*nəḡînāṯām*": "their song/their mocking song/their taunt", "*hāyîṯî*": "I have become/I was/I am", "*lāhem*": "to them/for them", "*millâ*": "byword/object of talk/proverb/jest" } }
  • Matt 27:39-44 : 39 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.39", "source": "¶Οἱ δὲ παραπορευόμενοι ἐβλασφήμουν αὐτὸν, κινοῦντες τὰς κεφαλὰς αὐτῶν,", "text": "But those *paraporeuomenoi* *eblasphēmoun* him, *kinountes* the *kephalas* of them,", "grammar": { "*paraporeuomenoi*": "present middle participle, nominative, masculine, plural - passing by", "*eblasphēmoun*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - were blaspheming/reviling", "*kinountes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - shaking/moving", "*kephalas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - heads" }, "variants": { "*paraporeuomenoi*": "passing by/going past", "*eblasphēmoun*": "were blaspheming/reviling/insulting [continuous action]", "*kinountes*": "shaking/moving/wagging [gesture of derision]" } } 40 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.40", "source": "Καὶ λέγοντες, Ὁ καταλύων τὸν ναὸν, καὶ ἐν τρισὶν ἡμέραις οἰκοδομῶν, σῶσον σεαυτόν. Εἰ Υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ Θεοῦ, κατάβηθι ἀπὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ.", "text": "And *legontes*, The one *katalyōn* the *naon*, and in three *hēmerais* *oikodomōn*, *sōson* yourself. If *Huios* you are of *Theou*, *katabēthi* from the *staurou*.", "grammar": { "*legontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - saying", "*katalyōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - destroying", "*naon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - temple/sanctuary", "*hēmerais*": "dative, feminine, plural - days", "*oikodomōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - building", "*sōson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - save", "*Huios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Son", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*katabēthi*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - come down", "*staurou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - cross/stake" }, "variants": { "*legontes*": "saying/stating/speaking", "*katalyōn*": "destroying/demolishing/taking down", "*naon*": "temple/sanctuary [inner structure, not whole complex]", "*oikodomōn*": "building/constructing/rebuilding", "*sōson*": "save/rescue/deliver [command]", "*Huios*": "Son [title of special relationship]", "*Theou*": "of God/deity/divine being", "*katabēthi*": "come down/descend [command]", "*staurou*": "cross/execution stake" } } 41 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.41", "source": "Ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς ἐμπαίζοντες, μετὰ τῶν γραμματέων καὶ πρεσβυτέρων, ἔλεγον,", "text": "Likewise but also the *archiereis* *empaizontes*, with the *grammateōn* and *presbyterōn*, *elegon*,", "grammar": { "*archiereis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - chief priests", "*empaizontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - mocking", "*grammateōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - scribes", "*presbyterōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - elders", "*elegon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - were saying" }, "variants": { "*archiereis*": "chief priests/high priests/leading priests", "*empaizontes*": "mocking/ridiculing/making fun of", "*grammateōn*": "scribes/writers/experts in law", "*presbyterōn*": "elders/older men/senior leaders", "*elegon*": "were saying/speaking [continuous action]" } } 42 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.42", "source": "Ἄλλους ἔσωσεν· ἑαυτὸν οὐ δύναται σῶσαι. Εἰ Βασιλεὺς Ἰσραήλ ἐστιν, καταβάτω νῦν ἀπὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ, καὶ πιστεύσομεν αὐτῷ.", "text": "Others he *esōsen*; himself not he *dynatai* *sōsai*. If *Basileus* *Israēl* he is, let him *katabatō* now from the *staurou*, and we will *pisteusomen* him.", "grammar": { "*esōsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - saved/rescued", "*dynatai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd singular - is able", "*sōsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to save", "*Basileus*": "nominative, masculine, singular - king", "*Israēl*": "genitive, masculine - proper name Israel", "*katabatō*": "aorist active imperative, 3rd singular - let him come down", "*staurou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - cross/stake", "*pisteusomen*": "future active indicative, 1st plural - we will believe" }, "variants": { "*esōsen*": "saved/rescued/delivered", "*dynatai*": "is able/can/has power", "*sōsai*": "to save/rescue/deliver", "*Basileus*": "king/ruler/monarch", "*katabatō*": "let him come down/descend [command]", "*pisteusomen*": "we will believe/trust/have faith in" } } 43 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.43", "source": "Πέποιθεν ἐπὶ τὸν Θεόν· ῥυσάσθω νῦν αὐτόν, εἰ θέλει αὐτόν: εἶπεν γὰρ, ὅτι Θεοῦ εἰμι Υἱός.", "text": "He has *pepoithen* upon the *Theon*; let him *rhysasthō* now him, if he *thelei* him: for he *eipen*, that of *Theou* I am *Huios*.", "grammar": { "*pepoithen*": "perfect active indicative, 3rd singular - has trusted", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God", "*rhysasthō*": "aorist middle imperative, 3rd singular - let him rescue", "*thelei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - wants/desires", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*Huios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Son" }, "variants": { "*pepoithen*": "has trusted/relied on/put confidence in [with lasting effect]", "*Theon*": "God/deity", "*rhysasthō*": "let him rescue/deliver/save [command]", "*thelei*": "wants/desires/wishes", "*eipen*": "said/spoke/declared", "*Huios*": "Son [title of special relationship]" } } 44 { "verseID": "Matthew.27.44", "source": "Τὸ δʼ αὐτὸ καὶ οἱ λῃσταὶ, οἱ συσταυρωθέντες, αὐτῷ ὠνείδιζον αὐτῷ.", "text": "The same but also the *lēstai*, the ones having been *systaurōthentes*, him *oneidizon* him.", "grammar": { "*lēstai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - robbers/bandits", "*systaurōthentes*": "aorist passive participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having been crucified with", "*oneidizon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural - were reproaching/reviling" }, "variants": { "*lēstai*": "robbers/bandits/insurrectionists", "*systaurōthentes*": "having been crucified with/executed alongside", "*oneidizon*": "were reproaching/reviling/insulting [continuous action]" } }
  • 1 Cor 4:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.4.9", "source": "Δοκῶ γάρ ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς ἡμᾶς τοὺς ἀποστόλους ἐσχάτους, ἀπέδειξεν ὡς ἐπιθανατίους: ὅτι θέατρον ἐγενήθημεν τῷ κόσμῳ, καὶ ἀγγέλοις, καὶ ἀνθρώποις.", "text": "*Dokō gar hoti ho Theos hēmas tous apostolous eschatous*, *apedeixen hōs epithanatious*: *hoti theatron egenēthēmen tō kosmō*, and *angelois*, and *anthrōpois*.", "grammar": { "*Dokō*": "present indicative, 1st singular, active - I think/suppose", "*gar*": "conjunction - for", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*ho Theos*": "article + nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*hēmas*": "accusative, 1st plural - us", "*tous apostolous*": "article + accusative, masculine, plural - the apostles", "*eschatous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - last", "*apedeixen*": "aorist indicative, 3rd singular, active - exhibited/displayed/showed", "*hōs*": "adverb - as/like", "*epithanatious*": "accusative, masculine, plural - condemned to death/destined to die", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*theatron*": "nominative, neuter, singular - spectacle/theater", "*egenēthēmen*": "aorist indicative, 1st plural, passive - we became/were made", "*tō kosmō*": "article + dative, masculine, singular - to the world", "*angelois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to angels", "*anthrōpois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to men/people" }, "variants": { "*Dokō*": "think/suppose/consider", "*eschatous*": "last/lowest/least", "*apedeixen*": "exhibited/displayed/showed forth/appointed", "*epithanatious*": "condemned to death/appointed to death/destined to die", "*theatron*": "spectacle/public show/theater" } } 10 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.4.10", "source": "Ἡμεῖς μωροὶ διὰ Χριστόν, ὑμεῖς δὲ φρόνιμοι ἐν Χριστῷ· ἡμεῖς ἀσθενεῖς, ὑμεῖς δὲ ἰσχυροί· ὑμεῖς ἔνδοξοι, ἡμεῖς δὲ ἄτιμοι.", "text": "We *mōroi* for *Christon*, you *de phronimoi* in *Christō*; we *astheneis*, you *de ischyroi*; you *endoxoi*, we *de atimoi*.", "grammar": { "*Hēmeis*": "nominative, 1st plural - we", "*mōroi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - fools/foolish", "*dia Christon*": "preposition + accusative, masculine, singular - for Christ's sake/because of Christ", "*hymeis*": "nominative, 2nd plural - you", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*phronimoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - wise/prudent", "*en Christō*": "preposition + dative, masculine, singular - in Christ", "*astheneis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - weak/feeble", "*ischyroi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - strong/mighty", "*endoxoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - honored/respected/glorious", "*atimoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - dishonored/without honor" }, "variants": { "*mōroi*": "fools/foolish ones/morons", "*phronimoi*": "wise/prudent/sensible", "*astheneis*": "weak/feeble/sickly", "*ischyroi*": "strong/powerful/mighty", "*endoxoi*": "honored/distinguished/prestigious/glorious", "*atimoi*": "dishonored/without honor/despised" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.4.11", "source": "Ἄχρι τῆς ἄρτι ὥρας καὶ πεινῶμεν, καὶ διψῶμεν, καὶ γυμνητεύομεν, καὶ κολαφιζόμεθα, καὶ ἀστατοῦμεν·", "text": "*Achri tēs arti hōras* also *peinōmen*, and *dipsōmen*, and *gymnēteuomen*, and *kolaphizometha*, and *astatoumen*;", "grammar": { "*Achri*": "preposition - until/to", "*tēs arti hōras*": "article + adverb + genitive, feminine, singular - the present hour", "*kai*": "conjunction - also/both/and", "*peinōmen*": "present indicative, 1st plural, active - we hunger", "*dipsōmen*": "present indicative, 1st plural, active - we thirst", "*gymnēteuomen*": "present indicative, 1st plural, active - we are poorly clothed", "*kolaphizometha*": "present indicative, 1st plural, passive - we are buffeted/beaten", "*astatoumen*": "present indicative, 1st plural, active - we are homeless/unstable" }, "variants": { "*Achri tēs arti hōras*": "until the present hour/to this very moment", "*peinōmen*": "hunger/are hungry", "*dipsōmen*": "thirst/are thirsty", "*gymnēteuomen*": "are poorly clothed/are naked/lack sufficient clothing", "*kolaphizometha*": "are buffeted/beaten with fists/treated roughly", "*astatoumen*": "are homeless/unstable/have no certain dwelling place" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.4.12", "source": "Καὶ κοπιῶμεν, ἐργαζόμενοι ταῖς ἰδίαις χερσίν: λοιδορούμενοι, εὐλογοῦμεν· διωκόμενοι, ἀνεχόμεθα:", "text": "And *kopiōmen*, *ergazomenoi* with the *idiais chersin*: *loidoroumenoi*, *eulogoumen*; *diōkomenoi*, *anechometha*;", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*kopiōmen*": "present indicative, 1st plural, active - we labor/toil", "*ergazomenoi*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural, middle - working", "*tais idiais chersin*": "article + adjective + dative, feminine, plural - with our own hands", "*loidoroumenoi*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural, passive - being reviled/insulted", "*eulogoumen*": "present indicative, 1st plural, active - we bless", "*diōkomenoi*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural, passive - being persecuted", "*anechometha*": "present indicative, 1st plural, middle - we endure/bear with" }, "variants": { "*kopiōmen*": "labor/toil/work hard", "*ergazomenoi*": "working/laboring", "*idiais*": "own/belonging to oneself", "*loidoroumenoi*": "being reviled/insulted/verbally abused", "*eulogoumen*": "bless/speak well of", "*diōkomenoi*": "being persecuted/pursued/chased", "*anechometha*": "endure/bear with/tolerate" } } 13 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.4.13", "source": "Βλασφημούμενοι, παρακαλοῦμεν: ὡς περικαθάρματα τοῦ κόσμου ἐγενήθημεν, πάντων περίψημα ἕως ἄρτι.", "text": "*Blasphēmoumenoi*, *parakaloumen*: as *perikatharmata tou kosmou egenēthēmen*, of all *peripsēma heōs arti*.", "grammar": { "*Blasphēmoumenoi*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural, passive - being slandered/defamed", "*parakaloumen*": "present indicative, 1st plural, active - we entreat/comfort/exhort", "*hōs*": "adverb - as/like", "*perikatharmata*": "nominative, neuter, plural - refuse/filth/scum", "*tou kosmou*": "article + genitive, masculine, singular - of the world", "*egenēthēmen*": "aorist indicative, 1st plural, passive - we became/were made", "*pantōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of all", "*peripsēma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - scum/offscouring/refuse", "*heōs arti*": "preposition + adverb - until now" }, "variants": { "*Blasphēmoumenoi*": "being slandered/defamed/maligned/spoken evil of", "*parakaloumen*": "entreat/comfort/exhort/encourage", "*perikatharmata*": "refuse/filth/scum/that which is removed in cleansing", "*peripsēma*": "scum/offscouring/refuse/that which is wiped away" } }