Verse 12

{ "verseID": "2 Kings.18.12", "source": "עַ֣ל ׀ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־שָׁמְע֗וּ בְּקוֹל֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּעַבְרוּ֙ אֶת־בְּרִית֔וֹ אֵ֚ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֔ה מֹשֶׁ֖ה עֶ֣בֶד יְהוָ֑ה וְלֹ֥א שָׁמְע֖וּ וְלֹ֥א עָשֽׂוּ׃", "text": "Because *ʾasher* not *shamʿu* to *qol* *YHWH* *ʾelohehem* and *wayyaʿavru* *ʾet*-*bərito*, *ʾet* all *ʾasher* *tsivvah* *Mosheh* *ʿeved* *YHWH*, and not *shamʿu* and not *ʿasu*.", "grammar": { "*ʾasher*": "relative particle - who/which/that", "*shamʿu*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they heard/listened/obeyed", "*qol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - voice of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾelohehem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God", "*wayyaʿavru*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they transgressed", "*bərito*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his covenant", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*tsivvah*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he commanded", "*Mosheh*": "proper noun, masculine singular", "*ʿeved*": "noun, masculine singular construct - servant of", "*ʿasu*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they did" }, "variants": { "*shamʿu*": "listened to/obeyed/heeded", "*wayyaʿavru*": "transgressed/violated/broke", "*ʿasu*": "did/performed/carried out" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Dette skjedde fordi de ikke hadde adlydt Herrens ord og hadde brutt hans pakt; de hadde verken lyttet til eller fulgt alle de budene som Herrens tjener Moses hadde gitt dem.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Fordi de ikke adlød Herrens, deres Guds, røst, men brøt hans pakt, alt det Moses, Herrens tjener, hadde befalt. De hørte ikke og gjorde det ikke.

• Norsk King James

  Fordi de ikke adlød Herrens stemme, sin Gud, men brøt hans pakt, og alt det som Moses, Herrens tjener, hadde befalt; de ville verken høre på ham eller følge det.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Dette skjedde fordi de ikke hadde hørt Herrens, deres Guds, røst, men hadde brutt hans pakt, alt som Herrens tjener Moses hadde befalt dem. De hadde verken hørt eller fulgt det.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Dette skjedde fordi de ikke hadde lyttet til Herren deres Gud og brøt Hans pakt og alt som Moses, Herrens tjener, hadde befalt. De hørte ikke og handlet ikke etter det.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  For de lød ikke Herrens, deres Guds, stemme, men brøt hans pakt, og alt det Moses, Herrens tjener, hadde befalt, hørte de ikke eller gjorde det.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Fordi de ikke hørte til HERREN, deres Guds, røst, men overtrådte hans pakt og alt det Moses, HERRENS tjener, hadde befalt, og ville ikke adlyde eller handle etter budene.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  For de lød ikke Herrens, deres Guds, stemme, men brøt hans pakt, og alt det Moses, Herrens tjener, hadde befalt, hørte de ikke eller gjorde det.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Dette skjedde fordi de ikke hørte på Herren sin Guds stemme, men brøt Hans pakt, alt det Moses, Herrens tjener, hadde befalt. De verken hørte eller gjorde etter det.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  This happened because they did not obey the voice of the LORD their God but violated His covenant—all that Moses, the servant of the LORD, had commanded. They neither listened nor carried it out.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Dette skjedde fordi de ikke hørte på Herren sin Gud, men brøt hans pakt—alt det som Herrens tjener Moses hadde befalt. De verken hørte eller gjorde etter det.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  fordi de havde ikke hørt Herrens deres Guds Røst, men havde overtraadt hans Pagt, nemlig alt det, som Mose, Herrens Tjener, havde budet; og de havde ikke hørt, ei heller gjort det.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Because they obeyed not the voice of the LORD their God, but transgressed his covenant, and all that Moses the servant of the LORD commanded, and would not hear them, nor do them.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Dette skjedde fordi de ikke adlød Herrens, deres Guds, stemme, men overtrådte hans pakt, alt det Herrens tjener Moses hadde befalt, og de ville ikke høre etter eller gjøre det.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  because they did not obey the voice of the LORD their God, but transgressed his covenant, and all that Moses the servant of the LORD had commanded, and neither would they listen to them nor do them.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Because they obeyed not the voice of the LORD their God, but transgressed his covenant, and all that Moses the servant of the LORD commanded, and would not hear them, nor do them.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  fordi de ikke adlød røsten til Herren deres Gud, men brøt hans pakt, alt det som Moses, Herrens tjener, hadde befalt, og ville ikke høre eller gjøre det.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Dette skjedde fordi de ikke hadde hørt på Herrens, sin Guds, røst, men hadde overtrådt Hans pakt – alt det Han hadde befalt gjennom Moses, Herrens tjener. De verken hørte eller gjorde etter det.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  For de hadde ikke adlydt Herrens, deres Guds, røst, men overtrådt hans pakt, alt det Moses, Herrens tjener, hadde befalt, og ville ikke høre eller gjøre det.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Fordi de ikke hørte på Herrens, sin Guds, røst, men brøt hans pakt, ja, alt det Herrens tjener Moses hadde befalt dem, lydde de ikke eller fulgte.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And all because they herkened not vnto the voyce of the LORDE their God, and had transgressed his couenaunt: And as for all that Moses the seruaunt of the LORDE had commaunded the, they had nether herkened vnto eny of those, ner done them.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Because they woulde not obey the voyce of the Lord their God, but transgressed his couenant: that is, all that Moses the seruant of the Lord had commanded, and would neyther obey nor doe them.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Because they woulde not hearken vnto the voyce of the Lord their God, but transgressed his appoyntment, and all that Moyses the seruaunt of the Lorde commaunded: and would neither heare them, nor do them.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Because they obeyed not the voice of the LORD their God, but transgressed his covenant, [and] all that Moses the servant of the LORD commanded, and would not hear [them], nor do [them].

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  because they didn't obey the voice of Yahweh their God, but transgressed his covenant, even all that Moses the servant of Yahweh commanded, and would not hear it, nor do it.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  because that they have not hearkened to the voice of Jehovah their God, and transgress His covenant -- all that He commanded Moses, servant of Jehovah -- yea, they have not hearkened nor done `it'.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  because they obeyed not the voice of Jehovah their God, but transgressed his covenant, even all that Moses the servant of Jehovah commanded, and would not hear it, nor do it.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Because they did not give ear to the voice of the Lord their God, but went against his agreement, even against everything ordered by Moses, the servant of the Lord, and they did not give ear to it or do it.

• World English Bible (2000)

  because they didn't obey the voice of Yahweh their God, but transgressed his covenant, even all that Moses the servant of Yahweh commanded, and would not hear it, nor do it.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  This happened because they did not obey the LORD their God and broke his covenant with them. They did not pay attention to and obey all that Moses, the LORD’s servant, had commanded.

Referenced Verses

• Num 12:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Numbers.12.7", "source": "לֹא־כֵ֖ן עַבְדִּ֣י מֹשֶׁ֑ה בְּכָל־בֵּיתִ֖י נֶאֱמָ֥ן הֽוּא׃", "text": "*Lōʾ-kēn* *ʿaḇdî* *Mōšeh* *bəkāl-bêtî* *neʾĕmān* *hūʾ*", "grammar": { "*Lōʾ-kēn*": "negative particle + adverb - 'not so'", "*ʿaḇdî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'my servant'", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - 'Moses'", "*bəkāl-bêtî*": "preposition + noun + masculine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - 'in all my house'", "*neʾĕmān*": "Niphal participle, masculine singular - 'faithful/trusted'", "*hūʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - 'he'" }, "variants": { "*Lōʾ-kēn*": "not so/not thus", "*neʾĕmān*": "faithful/trusted/reliable" } }
• Deut 8:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.8.20", "source": "כַּגּוֹיִ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר יְהוָה֙ מַאֲבִ֣יד מִפְּנֵיכֶ֔ם כֵּ֖ן תֹּאבֵד֑וּן עֵ֚קֶב לֹ֣א תִשְׁמְע֔וּן בְּק֖וֹל יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "Like-the-*gôyim* which *YHWH* *maʾăbîd* from-*pənêkem* thus *tōʾbēdûn* *ʿēqeb* not *tišməʿûn* in-*qôl* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem*.", "grammar": { "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun with prefixed preposition and definite article - like the nations", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*maʾăbîd*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - destroying", "*pənêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix with prefixed preposition - from before you", "*tōʾbēdûn*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural paragogic nun - you shall perish", "*ʿēqeb*": "conjunction - because", "*tišməʿûn*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will listen", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct noun with prefixed preposition - to the voice of", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*maʾăbîd*": "destroying/causing to perish/eliminating", "*pənêkem*": "before you/from your face", "*tōʾbēdûn*": "you shall perish/be destroyed/be lost", "*ʿēqeb*": "because/as a consequence of/due to", "*tišməʿûn*": "you will listen/hear/obey", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise" } }
• Deut 11:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.11.28", "source": "וְהַקְּלָלָ֗ה אִם־לֹ֤א תִשְׁמְעוּ֙ אֶל־מִצְוֺת֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם וְסַרְתֶּ֣ם מִן־הַדֶּ֔רֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֧ר אָנֹכִ֛י מְצַוֶּ֥ה אֶתְכֶ֖ם הַיּ֑וֹם לָלֶ֗כֶת אַחֲרֵ֛י אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־יְדַעְתֶּֽם׃", "text": "*wəhaqqəlālâ 'im-lō' tišmə'û 'el-miṣwōt YHWH 'ĕlōhêḵem wəsartem min-hadereḵ 'ăšer 'ānōḵî məṣawweh 'etḵem hayyôm lāleḵet 'aḥărê 'ĕlōhîm 'ăḥērîm 'ăšer lō'-yəḏa'tem*", "grammar": { "*wəhaqqəlālâ*": "conjunction with definite article noun, feminine singular - and the curse", "*'im-lō'*": "conditional particle with negative particle - if not", "*tišmə'û*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will hear/listen/obey", "*'el-miṣwōt*": "preposition with noun, feminine plural construct - to commandments of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*'ĕlōhêḵem*": "noun masculine plural with possessive suffix - your God", "*wəsartem*": "qal perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - turn aside/depart", "*min-hadereḵ*": "preposition with definite article noun - from the way", "*'ăšer*": "relative particle - which/that/who", "*'ānōḵî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*məṣawweh*": "piel participle, masculine singular - commanding/ordering", "*'etḵem*": "direct object marker with pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine plural - you", "*hayyôm*": "definite article noun, masculine singular - the day/today", "*lāleḵet*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to walk/go", "*'aḥărê*": "preposition - after/behind", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - gods/deities", "*'ăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other/foreign/strange", "*'ăšer*": "relative particle - which/that/who", "*lō'-yəḏa'tem*": "negative particle with qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you have not known" }, "variants": { "*wəhaqqəlālâ*": "the curse/imprecation/malediction", "*tišmə'û*": "hear/listen/obey/heed", "*wəsartem*": "turn aside/depart/rebel/deviate", "*hadereḵ*": "the way/road/path/journey", "*lāleḵet*": "to walk/go/follow/proceed", "*'ăḥărê*": "after/behind/following", "*'ĕlōhîm 'ăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities/strange gods", "*lō'-yəḏa'tem*": "you have not known/experienced/recognized" } }
• Deut 29:24-28 : 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.24", "source": "וְאָ֣מְר֔וּ עַ֚ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָֽזְב֔וּ אֶת־בְּרִ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֹתָ֑ם אֲשֶׁר֙ כָּרַ֣ת עִמָּ֔ם בְּהוֹצִיא֥וֹ אֹתָ֖ם מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "And-*ʾāmᵉrû*: Because that *ʿāzᵉbû* *ʾet*-*bᵉrît* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾăbōtām* that *kārat* with-them in-*hôṣîʾô* them from-*ʾereṣ* *Miṣrāyim*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmᵉrû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural consecutive - and they will say", "*ʿāzᵉbû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they forsook", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bᵉrît*": "noun feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*kārat*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he cut", "*hôṣîʾô*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his bringing out", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzᵉbû*": "forsook/abandoned/left", "*bᵉrît*": "covenant/treaty/agreement", "*kārat*": "cut/made/established", "*hôṣîʾô*": "his bringing out/leading out" } } 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.25", "source": "וַיֵּלְכ֗וּ וַיַּֽעַבְדוּ֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוּ֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם אֱלֹהִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־יְדָע֔וּם וְלֹ֥א חָלַ֖ק לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*yēlᵉḵû* and-*yaʿabdû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and-*yištaḥăwû* to-them, *ʾĕlōhîm* that not-*yᵉdāʿûm* and-not *ḥālaq* to-them.", "grammar": { "*yēlᵉḵû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they went", "*yaʿabdû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they served", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective masculine plural - other", "*yištaḥăwû*": "Hishtaphel imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they bowed down", "*yᵉdāʿûm*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - they knew them", "*ḥālaq*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he allotted" }, "variants": { "*yēlᵉḵû*": "they went/followed/walked", "*yaʿabdû*": "they served/worshiped/worked for", "*yištaḥăwû*": "they bowed down/prostrated/worshiped", "*ḥālaq*": "allotted/assigned/apportioned" } } 26 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.26", "source": "וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה בָּאָ֣רֶץ הַהִ֑וא לְהָבִ֤יא עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ אֶת־כָּל־הַקְּלָלָ֔ה הַכְּתוּבָ֖ה בַּסֵּ֥פֶר הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And-*yiḥar*-*ʾap̄* *YHWH* against-the-*ʾāreṣ* the-that to-*hābîʾ* upon-it *ʾet*-all-the-*qᵉlālāh* the-*kᵉtûbāh* in-the-*sēp̄er* the-*zeh*.", "grammar": { "*yiḥar*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and it burned", "*ʾap̄*": "noun masculine singular construct - anger of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land", "*hābîʾ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to bring", "*qᵉlālāh*": "noun feminine singular - curse", "*kᵉtûbāh*": "Qal passive participle feminine singular - written", "*sēp̄er*": "noun masculine singular - book/scroll", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*yiḥar*": "burned/was kindled/became hot", "*ʾap̄*": "anger/nose/wrath", "*hābîʾ*": "to bring/cause to come", "*qᵉlālāh*": "curse/imprecation/execration" } } 27 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.27", "source": "וַיִּתְּשֵׁ֤ם יְהוָה֙ מֵעַ֣ל אַדְמָתָ֔ם בְּאַ֥ף וּבְחֵמָ֖ה וּבְקֶ֣צֶף גָּד֑וֹל וַיַּשְׁלִכֵ֛ם אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ אַחֶ֖רֶת כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And-*yittᵉšēm* *YHWH* from-upon *ʾadmātām* in-*ʾap̄* and-in-*ḥēmāh* and-in-*qeṣep̄* *gādôl*, and-*yašlîḵēm* to-*ʾereṣ* *ʾaḥeret* as-the-*yôm* the-*zeh*.", "grammar": { "*yittᵉšēm*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he plucked them", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾadmātām*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their land", "*ʾap̄*": "noun masculine singular - anger", "*ḥēmāh*": "noun feminine singular - wrath", "*qeṣep̄*": "noun masculine singular - rage/anger", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*yašlîḵēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he cast them", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*ʾaḥeret*": "adjective feminine singular - another", "*yôm*": "noun masculine singular - day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*yittᵉšēm*": "plucked them/uprooted them/pulled them up", "*ʾadmātām*": "their land/soil/ground", "*ʾap̄*": "anger/nose/wrath", "*ḥēmāh*": "wrath/fury/rage", "*qeṣep̄*": "rage/anger/indignation", "*yašlîḵēm*": "cast them/threw them/hurled them" } } 28 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.28", "source": "הַ֨נִּסְתָּרֹ֔ת לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ וְהַנִּגְלֹ֞ת לָ֤ׄנׄוּׄ‪[4]‬ וּׄלְׄבָׄנֵׄ֙יׄנׄוּׄ֙‪[4]‬ עַד־עוֹלָ֔ם לַעֲשׂ֕וֹת אֶת־כָּל־דִּבְרֵ֖י הַתּוֹרָ֥ה הַזֹּֽאת׃ ס", "text": "The-*nistārōt* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* and-the-*niglōt* to-us and-to-*bānênû* until-*ʿôlām*, to-*ʿăśôt* *ʾet*-all-*dibrê* the-*tôrāh* the-*zōʾt*.", "grammar": { "*nistārōt*": "Niphal participle feminine plural - hidden things", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun masculine plural construct with 1st common plural suffix - our God", "*niglōt*": "Niphal participle feminine plural - revealed things", "*bānênû*": "noun masculine plural construct with 1st common plural suffix - our sons", "*ʿôlām*": "noun masculine singular - forever/eternity", "*ʿăśôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*dibrê*": "noun masculine plural construct - words of", "*tôrāh*": "noun feminine singular - law/instruction", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective feminine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*nistārōt*": "hidden things/secret things/concealed matters", "*niglōt*": "revealed things/disclosed matters", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternity/perpetuity", "*dibrê*": "words/matters/things", "*tôrāh*": "law/instruction/teaching" } }
• Deut 31:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.17", "source": "וְחָרָ֣ה אַפִּ֣י ב֣וֹ בַיּוֹם־הַ֠הוּא וַעֲזַבְתִּ֞ים וְהִסְתַּרְתִּ֨י פָנַ֤י מֵהֶם֙ וְהָיָ֣ה לֶֽאֱכֹ֔ל וּמְצָאֻ֛הוּ רָע֥וֹת רַבּ֖וֹת וְצָר֑וֹת וְאָמַר֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא הֲלֹ֗א עַ֣ל כִּֽי־אֵ֤ין אֱלֹהַי֙ בְּקִרְבִּ֔י מְצָא֖וּנִי הָרָע֥וֹת הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "*wə-ḥārāh ʾappî bô ba-yôm-ha-hûʾ wa-ʿăzabtîm wə-histartî pānay mēhem wə-hāyāh le-ʾĕkōl û-məṣāʾuhû rāʿôt rabbôt wə-ṣārôt wə-ʾāmar ba-yôm ha-hûʾ hă-lōʾ ʿal kî-ʾên ʾĕlōhay bə-qirbî məṣāʾûnî hā-rāʿôt hā-ʾēlleh*", "grammar": { "*wə-ḥārāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will burn", "*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - my anger/nostril", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - against him", "*ba-yôm-ha-hûʾ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + definite article + demonstrative pronoun - in that day", "*wa-ʿăzabtîm*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 1st singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and I will forsake them", "*wə-histartî*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 1st singular - and I will hide", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - my face", "*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them", "*wə-hāyāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will be", "*le-ʾĕkōl*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - for devouring", "*û-məṣāʾuhû*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and will find him", "*rāʿôt*": "noun, feminine plural - evils", "*rabbôt*": "adjective, feminine plural - many", "*wə-ṣārôt*": "waw conjunctive + noun, feminine plural - and distresses", "*wə-ʾāmar*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will say", "*ba-yôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in the day", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*hă-lōʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - is it not", "*ʿal*": "preposition - because", "*kî-ʾên*": "conjunction + negative existential particle - that there is no", "*ʾĕlōhay*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - my God", "*bə-qirbî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - in my midst", "*məṣāʾûnî*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural + 1st singular suffix - have found me", "*hā-rāʿôt*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the evils", "*hā-ʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these" }, "variants": { "*ḥārāh*": "burn/be kindled/become hot", "*ʾappî*": "my anger/my nose/my wrath", "*wa-ʿăzabtîm*": "forsake them/abandon them/leave them", "*wə-histartî pānay*": "hide my face/withhold my presence/conceal my favor", "*le-ʾĕkōl*": "to be devoured/consumed/destroyed", "*rāʿôt*": "evils/calamities/troubles", "*ṣārôt*": "distresses/troubles/adversities", "*bə-qirbî*": "in my midst/among me/within me" } }
• Deut 34:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.34.5", "source": "וַיָּ֨מָת שָׁ֜ם מֹשֶׁ֧ה עֶֽבֶד־יְהוָ֛ה בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מוֹאָ֖ב עַל־פִּ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyāmāt* there *Mōšeh* *'ebed*-*YHWH* in *'ereṣ* *Mô'āb* according to *pî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wayyāmāt*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he died'", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - 'Moses'", "*'ebed*": "masculine singular construct - 'servant of'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*'ereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - 'land of'", "*Mô'āb*": "proper noun - 'Moab'", "*pî*": "masculine singular construct - 'mouth of/command of'" }, "variants": { "*'ebed*": "servant/slave/worker", "*'ereṣ*": "land/territory/country", "*pî*": "mouth/word/command/according to" } }
• Josh 1:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Joshua.1.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י אַחֲרֵ֛י מ֥וֹת מֹשֶׁ֖ה עֶ֣בֶד יְהוָ֑ה וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ בִּן־נ֔וּן מְשָׁרֵ֥ת מֹשֶׁ֖ה לֵאמֹֽר", "text": "And *wayehî* after *môt* *Mōsheh* *ʿebed* *YHWH*, and *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* unto *Yehôshuaʿ* *ben*-*Nûn* *meshārēt* *Mōsheh* *lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*wayehî*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass/happened", "*môt*": "construct state of noun - death of", "*Mōsheh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿebed*": "noun, masculine singular construct - servant of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - the LORD", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Yehôshuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*Nûn*": "proper noun - Nun", "*meshārēt*": "piel participle, masculine singular construct - minister/servant of", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to say/saying" }, "variants": { "*wayehî*": "and it happened/came to pass/was", "*ʿebed*": "servant/slave/official", "*meshārēt*": "minister/attendant/servant" } }
• 1 Kgs 9:6 : 6 { "verseID": "1 Kings.9.6", "source": "אִם־שׁ֨וֹב תְּשֻׁב֜וּן אַתֶּ֤ם וּבְנֵיכֶם֙ מֵֽאַחֲרַ֔י וְלֹ֤א תִשְׁמְרוּ֙ מִצְוֺתַ֣י חֻקֹּתַ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֖תִּי לִפְנֵיכֶ֑ם וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֗ם וַעֲבַדְתֶּם֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖ם לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "If-*šôb* *təšubûn* you and your-*bənêkem* from-after-me, and not *tišmərû* my-*miṣwōtay* my-*ḥuqqōtay* which *nātattî* before-you; *wahălaktem* and *waʿăbadtem* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and *wəhištaḥăwîtem* to-them.", "grammar": { "*šôb*": "qal infinitive absolute - turning/returning", "*təšubûn*": "qal imperfect 2mp + paragogic nun - you will turn/return", "*bənêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2mp suffix - your sons", "*tišmərû*": "qal imperfect 2mp - you will keep", "*miṣwōtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct + 1cs suffix - my commandments", "*ḥuqqōtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct + 1cs suffix - my statutes", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1cs - I gave", "*wahălaktem*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 2mp - and you will go", "*waʿăbadtem*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 2mp - and you will serve", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other", "*wəhištaḥăwîtem*": "waw consecutive + hishtaphel perfect 2mp - and you will bow down" }, "variants": { "*šôb təšubûn*": "surely turn away/emphatic turning away", "*miṣwōtay*": "my commandments/precepts/orders", "*ḥuqqōtay*": "my statutes/decrees/ordinances", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*wəhištaḥăwîtem*": "and you will bow down/prostrate yourselves/worship" } }
• 2 Kgs 17:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.7", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י כִּֽי־חָטְא֤וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לַיהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֔ם הַמַּעֲלֶ֤ה אֹתָם֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם מִתַּ֕חַת יַ֖ד פַּרְעֹ֣ה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרָ֑יִם וַיִּֽירְא֖וּ אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִֽים׃", "text": "*wə*-*yəhî* *kî*-*ḥāṭəʾū* *bənê*-*yisrāʾēl* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêhem*, the-one-*maʿăleh* *ʾōtām* from-*ʾereṣ* *miṣrayim* from-under *yad* *parʿōh* *melek*-*miṣrayim*, *wə*-*yîrəʾū* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yəhî*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/that", "*ḥāṭəʾū*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they sinned", "*bənê*": "construct plural - sons of/children of", "*yisrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition with divine name - against/to YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God", "*ha-maʿăleh*": "definite hiphil participle, masculine singular - the one bringing up", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*mē-ʾereṣ*": "preposition with noun - from land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*mi-taḥat*": "compound preposition - from under", "*yad*": "construct state, feminine singular - hand of", "*parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*melek-miṣrayim*": "construct state with proper noun - king of Egypt", "*wə-yîrəʾū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - they feared", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other" }, "variants": { "*ḥāṭəʾū*": "sinned/offended/transgressed", "*bənê*": "sons of/children of", "*maʿăleh*": "bringing up/brought up/who brought up", "*mi-taḥat yad*": "from under the hand of/from the authority of", "*yîrəʾū*": "feared/revered/worshiped", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign gods" } } 8 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.8", "source": "וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ בְּחֻקּ֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר֙ הוֹרִ֣ישׁ יְהוָ֔ה מִפְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וּמַלְכֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשֽׂוּ׃", "text": "*wə*-*yēlkū* in-*ḥuqqōt* the-*gōyim* *ʾăsher* *hōrîsh* *YHWH* from-before *bənê* *yisrāʾēl*, and-*malkê* *yisrāʾēl* *ʾăsher* *ʿāsū*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yēlkū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - they walked", "*bə-ḥuqqōt*": "preposition with feminine plural construct - in statutes of", "*ha-gōyim*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the nations", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - whom/which", "*hōrîsh*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he drove out", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*mi-pənê*": "preposition with construct plural - from before", "*bənê*": "construct plural - sons of/children of", "*yisrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*u-malkê*": "conjunction with construct plural - and kings of", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - whom/which", "*ʿāsū*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they made/did" }, "variants": { "*yēlkū*": "walked/followed/went", "*ḥuqqōt*": "statutes/customs/practices", "*gōyim*": "nations/gentiles/heathen", "*hōrîsh*": "drove out/dispossessed/expelled", "*mi-pənê*": "from before/from the presence of", "*ʿāsū*": "made/did/established" } } 9 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.9", "source": "וַיְחַפְּא֣וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל דְּבָרִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־כֵ֔ן עַל־יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם וַיִּבְנ֨וּ לָהֶ֤ם בָּמוֹת֙ בְּכָל־עָ֣רֵיהֶ֔ם מִמִּגְדַּ֥ל נוֹצְרִ֖ים עַד־עִ֥יר מִבְצָֽר׃", "text": "*wə*-*yəḥappəʾū* *bənê*-*yisrāʾēl* *dəbārîm* *ʾăsher* *lōʾ*-*kēn* against-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêhem*, *wə*-*yibnū* to-them *bāmōt* in-all-*ʿārêhem* from-*migdal* *nōṣərîm* until-*ʿîr* *mibṣār*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yəḥappəʾū*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - they covered/concealed", "*bənê*": "construct plural - sons of/children of", "*yisrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*dəbārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - things/matters/words", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which", "*lōʾ-kēn*": "negative particle with adverb - not right/improper", "*ʿal-YHWH*": "preposition with divine name - against YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God", "*wə-yibnū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - they built", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - for themselves", "*bāmōt*": "noun, feminine plural - high places", "*bə-kol-ʿārêhem*": "preposition with construct and 3rd masculine plural suffix - in all their cities", "*mi-migdal*": "preposition with construct - from tower of", "*nōṣərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - watchmen", "*ʿad-ʿîr*": "preposition with construct - to city of", "*mibṣār*": "noun, masculine singular - fortification/fortress" }, "variants": { "*yəḥappəʾū*": "covered up/did secretly/concealed", "*dəbārîm*": "things/words/matters/practices", "*lōʾ-kēn*": "not right/improper/false", "*bāmōt*": "high places/shrines/altars", "*migdal nōṣərîm*": "watchtower/tower of watchmen", "*ʿîr mibṣār*": "fortified city/fortress city" } } 10 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.10", "source": "וַיַּצִּ֧בוּ לָהֶ֛ם מַצֵּב֖וֹת וַאֲשֵׁרִ֑ים עַ֚ל כָּל־גִּבְעָ֣ה גְבֹהָ֔ה וְתַ֖חַת כָּל־עֵ֥ץ רַעֲנָֽן׃", "text": "*wə*-*yaṣṣîbū* to-them *maṣṣēbōt* and-*ʾăshērîm* on all-*gibʿāh* *gəbōhāh* and-under all-*ʿēṣ* *raʿănān*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yaṣṣîbū*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - they set up", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - for themselves", "*maṣṣēbōt*": "noun, feminine plural - pillars/standing stones", "*wa-ʾăshērîm*": "conjunction with noun, masculine plural - and Asherah poles", "*ʿal kol-gibʿāh*": "preposition with construct and noun - on every hill", "*gəbōhāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - high", "*wə-taḥat*": "conjunction with preposition - and under", "*kol-ʿēṣ*": "construct with noun - every tree", "*raʿănān*": "adjective, masculine singular - leafy/green/luxuriant" }, "variants": { "*yaṣṣîbū*": "set up/erected/established", "*maṣṣēbōt*": "pillars/sacred stones/standing stones", "*ʾăshērîm*": "Asherah poles/sacred poles/wooden images", "*gibʿāh gəbōhāh*": "high hill/lofty hill", "*ʿēṣ raʿănān*": "leafy tree/green tree/luxuriant tree" } } 11 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.11", "source": "וַיְקַטְּרוּ־שָׁם֙ בְּכָל־בָּמ֔וֹת כַּגּוֹיִ֕ם אֲשֶׁר־הֶגְלָ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה מִפְּנֵיהֶ֑ם וַֽיַּעֲשׂוּ֙ דְּבָרִ֣ים רָעִ֔ים לְהַכְעִ֖יס אֶת־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wə*-*yəqaṭṭərū*-there in-all-*bāmōt* like-the-*gōyim* *ʾăsher*-*heglāh* *YHWH* from-before-them, *wə*-*yaʿăsū* *dəbārîm* *rāʿîm* to-*hakʿîs* *ʾet*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yəqaṭṭərū*": "piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - they burned incense", "*shām*": "adverb - there", "*bə-kol-bāmōt*": "preposition with construct and noun - in all high places", "*ka-gōyim*": "preposition with noun - like the nations", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - whom", "*heglāh*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he exiled/removed", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*mi-pənêhem*": "preposition with construct and 3rd masculine plural suffix - from before them", "*wə-yaʿăsū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - they did", "*dəbārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - things", "*rāʿîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - evil", "*lə-hakʿîs*": "preposition with hiphil infinitive construct - to provoke to anger", "*ʾet-YHWH*": "direct object marker with divine name - YHWH" }, "variants": { "*yəqaṭṭərū*": "burned incense/offered sacrifices", "*bāmōt*": "high places/shrines", "*heglāh*": "exiled/removed/carried away", "*dəbārîm rāʿîm*": "evil things/wicked deeds", "*hakʿîs*": "provoke to anger/vex/irritate" } } 12 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.12", "source": "וַיַּֽעַבְד֖וּ הַגִּלֻּלִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ לָהֶ֔ם לֹ֥א תַעֲשׂ֖וּ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "*wə*-*yaʿabdū* the-*gillūlîm* *ʾăsher* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* to-them *lōʾ* *taʿăsū* *ʾet*-the-*dābār* the-this.", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿabdū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - they served", "*ha-gillūlîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the idols/dung idols", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - about which", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*taʿăsū*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall do", "*ʾet-ha-dābār*": "direct object marker with definite noun - the thing", "*ha-zeh*": "definite demonstrative pronoun - this" }, "variants": { "*yaʿabdū*": "served/worshiped", "*gillūlîm*": "idols/dung idols/abominations", "*taʿăsū*": "do/practice/perform" } } 13 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.13", "source": "וַיָּ֣עַד יְהוָ֡ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל וּבִיהוּדָ֡ה בְּיַד֩ כָּל־נְבִיאֵ֨י כָל־חֹזֶ֜ה לֵאמֹ֗ר שֻׁ֜֠בוּ מִדַּרְכֵיכֶ֤ם הָֽרָעִים֙ וְשִׁמְרוּ֙ מִצְוֺתַ֣י חֻקּוֹתַ֔י כְּכָ֨ל־הַתּוֹרָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוִּ֖יתִי אֶת־אֲבֹֽתֵיכֶ֑ם וֽ͏ַאֲשֶׁר֙ שָׁלַ֣חְתִּי אֲלֵיכֶ֔ם בְּיַ֖ד עֲבָדַ֥י הַנְּבִיאִֽים׃", "text": "*wə*-*yāʿad* *YHWH* in-*yisrāʾēl* and-in-*yəhūdāh* by-*yad* all-*nəbîʾê* all-*ḥōzeh* *lēmōr*: *shūbū* from-*darkêkem* the-*rāʿîm* and-*shimrū* *miṣwōtay* *ḥuqqōtay* like-all-the-*tōrāh* *ʾăsher* *ṣiwwîtî* *ʾet*-*ʾăbōtêkem*, and-*ʾăsher* *shālaḥtî* to-you by-*yad* *ʿăbāday* the-*nəbîʾîm*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yāʿad*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - he testified/warned", "*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH", "*bə-yisrāʾēl*": "preposition with proper noun - in Israel", "*u-bî-yəhūdāh*": "conjunction, preposition with proper noun - and in Judah", "*bə-yad*": "preposition with construct - by hand of", "*kol-nəbîʾê*": "construct with noun - all prophets of", "*kol-ḥōzeh*": "construct with noun - every seer", "*lēmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*shūbū*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - turn back", "*mi-darkêkem*": "preposition with noun and 2nd masculine plural suffix - from your ways", "*hā-rāʿîm*": "definite adjective, masculine plural - the evil", "*wə-shimrū*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - keep", "*miṣwōtay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st common singular suffix - my commandments", "*ḥuqqōtay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st common singular suffix - my statutes", "*kə-kol-ha-tōrāh*": "preposition with construct and definite noun - according to all the law", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "piel perfect, 1st common singular - I commanded", "*ʾet-ʾăbōtêkem*": "direct object marker with noun and 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*wa-ʾăsher*": "conjunction with relative pronoun - and which", "*shālaḥtî*": "qal perfect, 1st common singular - I sent", "*ʾălêkem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you", "*bə-yad*": "preposition with construct - by hand of", "*ʿăbāday*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st common singular suffix - my servants", "*ha-nəbîʾîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the prophets" }, "variants": { "*yāʿad*": "testified/warned/admonished", "*nəbîʾê*": "prophets of", "*ḥōzeh*": "seer/visionary", "*shūbū*": "turn back/return/repent", "*darkêkem hā-rāʿîm*": "your evil ways/your wicked paths", "*shimrū*": "keep/observe/guard", "*tōrāh*": "law/instruction/teaching" } } 14 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.14", "source": "וְלֹ֖א שָׁמֵ֑עוּ וַיַּקְשׁ֤וּ אֶת־עָרְפָּם֙ כְּעֹ֣רֶף אֲבוֹתָ֔ם אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א הֶאֱמִ֔ינוּ בַּֽיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə*-*lōʾ* *shāmēʿū* *wə*-*yaqshū* *ʾet*-*ʿorpām* like-*ʿōref* *ʾăbōtām* *ʾăsher* *lōʾ* *heʾĕmînū* in-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêhem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction with negative particle - and not", "*shāmēʿū*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they listened", "*wə-yaqshū*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - they hardened", "*ʾet-ʿorpām*": "direct object marker with noun and 3rd masculine plural suffix - their neck", "*kə-ʿōref*": "preposition with construct - like neck of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - who", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*heʾĕmînū*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they believed", "*ba-YHWH*": "preposition with divine name - in YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God" }, "variants": { "*shāmēʿū*": "listened/obeyed/heeded", "*yaqshū*": "hardened/stiffened", "*ʿōref*": "neck/stubbornness", "*heʾĕmînū*": "believed/trusted/had faith" } } 15 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.15", "source": "וַיִּמְאֲס֣וּ אֶת־חֻקָּ֗יו וְאֶת־בְּרִיתוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר כָּרַ֣ת אֶת־אֲבוֹתָ֔ם וְאֵת֙ עֵֽדְוֺתָ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֵעִ֖יד בָּ֑ם וַיֵּ֨לְכוּ אַחֲרֵ֤י הַהֶ֙בֶל֙ וַיֶּהְבָּ֔לוּ וְאַחֲרֵ֤י הַגּוֹיִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר סְבִֽיבֹתָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אֹתָ֔ם לְבִלְתִּ֖י עֲשׂ֥וֹת כָּהֶֽם׃", "text": "And they *māʾas* *ʾēt*-*ḥuqqāh* his, and *ʾēt*-*bᵊrît* his which he *kārat* *ʾēt*-fathers their, and *ʾēt*-*ʿēdût* his which he *ʿûd* against them; and they *hālak* after the *hebel* and they *hābal*, and after the *gôy* which around them, which *ṣiwwâ* *YHWH* *ʾōtām* to not *ʿāśâ* like them.", "grammar": { "*māʾas*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they rejected/despised", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ḥuqqāh*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his statutes/decrees", "*bᵊrît*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his covenant", "*kārat*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he cut/made [covenant]", "*ʿēdût*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his testimonies/witnesses", "*ʿûd*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he testified/witnessed", "*hālak*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they walked/went", "*hebel*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the vanity/emptiness", "*hābal*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they became vain/worthless", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the nations/gentiles", "*ṣiwwâ*": "Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he commanded", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to do/make" }, "variants": { "*māʾas*": "reject/despise/refuse", "*ḥuqqāh*": "statutes/decrees/laws", "*bᵊrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*kārat*": "cut/make [covenant]/establish", "*ʿēdût*": "testimonies/witnesses/warnings", "*ʿûd*": "testify/witness/warn", "*hebel*": "vanity/emptiness/worthlessness/idols", "*hābal*": "become vain/worthless/act foolishly", "*gôy*": "nations/gentiles/peoples" } } 16 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.16", "source": "וַיַּעַזְב֗וּ אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֺת֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּעֲשׂ֥וּ לָהֶ֛ם מַסֵּכָ֖ה שְׁנֵ֣י עֲגָלִ֑ים וַיַּעֲשׂ֣וּ אֲשֵׁירָ֗ה וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙ לְכָל־צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיַּעַבְד֖וּ אֶת־הַבָּֽעַל׃", "text": "And they *ʿāzab* *ʾēt*-all-*miṣwâ* of *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhîm* their, and they *ʿāśâ* for them *massēkâ* two *ʿēgel*; and they *ʿāśâ* *ʾăšērâ*, and they *šāḥâ* to all-*ṣābāʾ* the *šāmayim*, and they *ʿābad* *ʾēt*-the *baʿal*.", "grammar": { "*ʿāzab*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they forsook/abandoned", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*miṣwâ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - commandments of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their God", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they made", "*massēkâ*": "noun, feminine singular - molten image/cast idol", "*ʿēgel*": "noun, masculine plural construct - calves", "*ʾăšērâ*": "noun, feminine singular - Asherah pole/sacred tree", "*šāḥâ*": "Hishtaphel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they bowed down", "*ṣābāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - host/army of", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the heavens", "*ʿābad*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they served/worshiped", "*baʿal*": "proper noun with definite article - the Baal" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzab*": "forsake/abandon/leave", "*miṣwâ*": "commandments/precepts/orders", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods", "*massēkâ*": "molten image/cast idol/metal statue", "*ʿēgel*": "calves/young bulls", "*ʾăšērâ*": "Asherah pole/sacred tree/pagan goddess", "*šāḥâ*": "bow down/prostrate/worship", "*ṣābāʾ*": "host/army/assembly", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*ʿābad*": "serve/worship/work for", "*baʿal*": "Baal/lord/master [Canaanite deity]" } } 17 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.17", "source": "וַֽ֠יַּעֲבִירוּ אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶ֤ם וְאֶת־בְּנֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וַיִּקְסְמ֥וּ קְסָמִ֖ים וַיְנַחֵ֑שׁוּ וַיִּֽתְמַכְּר֗וּ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃", "text": "And they *ʿābar* *ʾēt*-sons their and *ʾēt*-daughters their in the *ʾēš*, and they *qāsam* *qesem*, and they *nāḥaš*; and they *mākar* to *ʿāśâ* the *raʿ* in eyes of *YHWH* to *kāʿas* him.", "grammar": { "*ʿābar*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they caused to pass through", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular with prefix preposition - in the fire", "*qāsam*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they practiced divination", "*qesem*": "noun, masculine plural - divinations", "*nāḥaš*": "Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they practiced sorcery/used enchantments", "*mākar*": "Hithpael imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they sold themselves", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to do/make", "*raʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the evil", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*kāʿas*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to provoke/vex him" }, "variants": { "*ʿābar*": "cause to pass through/sacrifice/dedicate [to Molech]", "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*qāsam*": "practice divination/soothsaying/fortune-telling", "*qesem*": "divinations/omens/oracles", "*nāḥaš*": "practice sorcery/use enchantments/observe signs", "*mākar*": "sell themselves/give themselves over/devote themselves", "*raʿ*": "evil/bad/wrong", "*kāʿas*": "provoke/vex/anger" } } 18 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.18", "source": "וַיִּתְאַנַּ֨ף יְהוָ֤ה מְאֹד֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיְסִרֵ֖ם מֵעַ֣ל פָּנָ֑יו לֹ֣א נִשְׁאַ֔ר רַ֛ק שֵׁ֥בֶט יְהוּדָ֖ה לְבַדּֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *ʾānap* *YHWH* *mᵊʾōd* in *yiśrāʾēl*, and he *sûr* them from upon *pānîm* his; not *šāʾar*, only *šēbeṭ* *yᵊhûdâ* to alone it.", "grammar": { "*ʾānap*": "Hithpael imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he became very angry", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*mᵊʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*sûr*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he removed them", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face/presence", "*šāʾar*": "Niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - remained/was left", "*šēbeṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - tribe of", "*yᵊhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah" }, "variants": { "*ʾānap*": "become angry/be furious/rage", "*mᵊʾōd*": "very/exceedingly/greatly", "*sûr*": "remove/turn aside/take away", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/sight", "*šāʾar*": "remain/be left/stay behind", "*šēbeṭ*": "tribe/clan/staff" } } 19 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.19", "source": "גַּם־יְהוּדָ֕ה לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔ר אֶת־מִצְוֺ֖ת יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם וַיֵּ֣לְכ֔וּ בְּחֻקּ֥וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשֽׂוּ׃", "text": "Also *yᵊhûdâ* not *šāmar* *ʾēt*-*miṣwâ* of *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhîm* their, and they *hālak* in *ḥuqqâ* of *yiśrāʾēl* which they *ʿāśâ*.", "grammar": { "*yᵊhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*šāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he kept/observed", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*miṣwâ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - commandments of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their God", "*hālak*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they walked", "*ḥuqqâ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - statutes/customs of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they made/did" }, "variants": { "*šāmar*": "keep/observe/guard", "*miṣwâ*": "commandments/precepts/orders", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods", "*hālak*": "walk/go/follow", "*ḥuqqâ*": "statutes/customs/practices", "*ʿāśâ*": "make/do/practice" } } 20 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.20", "source": "וַיִּמְאַ֨ס יְהוָ֜ה בְּכָל־זֶ֤רַע יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיְעַנֵּ֔ם וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֖ם בְּיַד־שֹׁסִ֑ים עַ֛ד אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִשְׁלִיכָ֖ם מִפָּנָֽיו׃", "text": "And *māʾas* *YHWH* in all-*zeraʿ* of *yiśrāʾēl* and he *ʿānâ* them and he *nātan* them in hand-of *šāsâ* until which he *šālak* them from *pānîm* his.", "grammar": { "*māʾas*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he rejected", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*zeraʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - seed/offspring of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿānâ*": "Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he afflicted them", "*nātan*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he gave them", "*šāsâ*": "Qal participle masculine plural - plunderers/spoilers", "*šālak*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he cast them away", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face/presence" }, "variants": { "*māʾas*": "reject/despise/refuse", "*zeraʿ*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*ʿānâ*": "afflict/oppress/humble", "*nātan*": "give/deliver/place", "*šāsâ*": "plunderers/spoilers/robbers", "*šālak*": "cast away/throw off/drive out", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/sight" } } 21 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.21", "source": "כִּֽי־קָרַ֣ע יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל מֵעַל֙ בֵּ֣ית דָּוִ֔ד וַיַּמְלִ֖יכוּ אֶת־יָרָבְעָ֣ם בֶּן־נְבָ֑ט וַיַּדַּ֨ח יָרָבְעָ֤ם אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וְהֶחֱטֵיאָ֖ם חֲטָאָ֥ה גְדוֹלָֽה׃", "text": "For *qāraʿ* *yiśrāʾēl* from upon *bayit* *dāwid*, and they *mālak* *ʾēt*-*yārobʿām* son-of *nᵊbāṭ*; and *nādaḥ* *yārobʿām* *ʾēt*-*yiśrāʾēl* from after *YHWH*, and he *ḥāṭāʾ* them *ḥaṭāʾâ* *gādôl*.", "grammar": { "*qāraʿ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he tore/rent", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*bayit*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*mālak*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they made king", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*yārobʿām*": "proper noun - Jeroboam", "*nᵊbāṭ*": "proper noun - Nebat", "*nādaḥ*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he drove away", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ḥāṭāʾ*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he caused them to sin", "*ḥaṭāʾâ*": "noun, feminine singular - sin", "*gādôl*": "adjective, feminine singular - great" }, "variants": { "*qāraʿ*": "tear/rend/split", "*bayit*": "house/dynasty/family", "*mālak*": "make king/cause to reign/crown", "*nādaḥ*": "drive away/push away/seduce", "*ḥāṭāʾ*": "cause to sin/lead into sin", "*ḥaṭāʾâ*": "sin/offense/transgression", "*gādôl*": "great/large/significant" } } 22 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.22", "source": "וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בְּכָל־חַטֹּ֥אות יָרָבְעָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֑ה לֹא־סָ֖רוּ מִמֶּֽנָּה׃", "text": "And they *hālak* sons of *yiśrāʾēl* in all-*ḥaṭṭāʾâ* of *yārobʿām* which he *ʿāśâ*; not-they *sûr* from her.", "grammar": { "*hālak*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - they walked", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ḥaṭṭāʾâ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - sins of", "*yārobʿām*": "proper noun - Jeroboam", "*ʿāśâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he did/made", "*sûr*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they departed", "from her": "referring to the sins (feminine plural treated as collective singular)" }, "variants": { "*hālak*": "walk/go/continue", "*ḥaṭṭāʾâ*": "sins/offenses/transgressions", "*ʿāśâ*": "do/make/commit", "*sûr*": "depart/turn aside/leave" } } 23 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.23", "source": "עַ֠ד אֲשֶׁר־הֵסִ֨יר יְהוָ֤ה אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מֵעַ֣ל פָּנָ֔יו כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּ֔ר בְּיַ֖ד כָּל־עֲבָדָ֣יו הַנְּבִיאִ֑ים וַיִּ֨גֶל יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל מֵעַ֤ל אַדְמָתוֹ֙ אַשּׁ֔וּרָה עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "Until which *sûr* *YHWH* *ʾēt*-*yiśrāʾēl* from upon *pānîm* his, as which he *dābar*, by hand of all-*ʿebed* his the *nābîʾ*; and he *gālâ* *yiśrāʾēl* from upon *ʾădāmâ* his *ʾaššûr*-ward until the *yôm* the this.", "grammar": { "*sûr*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he removed", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face/presence", "*dābar*": "Piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he spoke", "*ʿebed*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his servants", "*nābîʾ*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the prophets", "*gālâ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - he exiled", "*ʾădāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his land", "*ʾaššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day" }, "variants": { "*sûr*": "remove/take away/drive out", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/sight", "*dābar*": "speak/say/declare", "*ʿebed*": "servants/slaves/officials", "*nābîʾ*": "prophets/seers", "*gālâ*": "exile/deport/carry away captive", "*ʾădāmâ*": "land/ground/earth", "*yôm*": "day/time/period" } }
• Neh 9:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.17", "source": "וַיְמָאֲנ֣וּ לִשְׁמֹ֗עַ וְלֹא־זָכְר֤וּ נִפְלְאֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֣יתָ עִמָּהֶ֔ם וַיַּקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־עָרְפָּ֔ם וַיִּתְּנוּ־רֹ֛אשׁ לָשׁ֥וּב לְעַבְדֻתָ֖ם בְּמִרְיָ֑ם וְאַתָּה֩ אֱל֨וֹהַּ סְלִיח֜וֹת חַנּ֧וּן וְרַח֛וּם אֶֽרֶךְ־אַפַּ֥יִם וְרַב־חֶ֖סֶד וְלֹ֥א עֲזַבְתָּֽם׃", "text": "*wayməʾănû lišmōaʿ wə-lōʾ-zāḵərû niplə'ōteyḵā ʾăšer ʿāśîtā ʿimmāhem wayyaqšû ʾet-ʿorpām wayyittənû-rōʾš lāšûb ləʿabdutām bəmiryām wə-ʾattāh ʾĕlôah səlîḥôt ḥannûn wə-raḥûm ʾereḵ-ʾappayim wə-rab-ḥesed wə-lōʾ ʿăzabtām", "grammar": { "*wayməʾănû*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 3mp - and they refused", "*lišmōaʿ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to hear/listen", "*wə-lōʾ-zāḵərû*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal perfect, 3mp - and they did not remember", "*niplə'ōteyḵā*": "noun, feminine plural + 2ms suffix - your wonders", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ʿāśîtā*": "qal perfect, 2ms - you did/performed", "*ʿimmāhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - with them", "*wayyaqšû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3mp - and they hardened", "*ʾet-ʿorpām*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 3mp suffix - their neck", "*wayyittənû-rōʾš*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3mp + noun, masculine singular - and they appointed a head", "*lāšûb*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to return", "*ləʿabdutām*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3mp suffix - to their bondage/slavery", "*bəmiryām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3mp suffix - in their rebellion", "*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2ms pronoun - and you", "*ʾĕlôah*": "noun, masculine singular - God", "*səlîḥôt*": "noun, feminine plural - forgivenesses", "*ḥannûn*": "adjective, masculine singular - gracious", "*wə-raḥûm*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and merciful", "*ʾereḵ-ʾappayim*": "adjective + noun, masculine dual - slow to anger/long of nostrils", "*wə-rab-ḥesed*": "conjunction + adjective + noun - and abundant in lovingkindness", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʿăzabtām*": "qal perfect, 2ms + 3mp suffix - you forsook them" }, "variants": { "*wayməʾănû*": "refused/declined/were unwilling", "*niplə'ōteyḵā*": "your wonders/your miracles/your marvelous works", "*wayyittənû-rōʾš*": "appointed a head/set a leader/made a decision", "*lāšûb ləʿabdutām*": "to return to their bondage/to go back to slavery/to return to servitude", "*bəmiryām*": "in their rebellion/in their defiance/in their disobedience", "*ʾĕlôah səlîḥôt*": "God of forgivenesses/forgiving God", "*ḥannûn wə-raḥûm*": "gracious and merciful/compassionate and kind", "*ʾereḵ-ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/long-suffering", "*rab-ḥesed*": "abundant in lovingkindness/great in mercy/full of steadfast love" } }
• Neh 9:26-27 : 26 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.26", "source": "וַיַּמְר֨וּ וַֽיִּמְרְד֜וּ בָּ֗ךְ וַיַּשְׁלִ֤כוּ אֶת־תּוֹרָֽתְךָ֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י גַוָּ֔ם וְאֶת־נְבִיאֶ֣יךָ הָרָ֔גוּ אֲשֶׁר־הֵעִ֥ידוּ בָ֖ם לַהֲשִׁיבָ֣ם אֵלֶ֑יךָ וֽ͏ַיַּעֲשׂ֔וּ נֶאָצ֖וֹת גְּדוֹלֹֽת׃", "text": "*wə-yamrū* *wə-yimrəḏū* in-you, *wə-yašlīḵū* *ʾēṯ*-*tôrāṯəḵā* behind *gawām*, *wə-ʾēṯ*-*nəḇīʾêḵā* they-*hārāḡū* who-*hēʿîḏû* in-them *ləhăšîḇām* to-you, *wə-yaʿăśû* *neʾāṣôṯ* *gəḏôlōṯ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yamrū*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they rebelled/were disobedient", "*wə-yimrəḏū*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they rebelled/were rebellious", "*bāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - against you", "*wə-yašlīḵū*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural - and they cast/threw", "*ʾēṯ-tôrāṯəḵā*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your law/instruction", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - behind/after", "*gawām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their back", "*wə-ʾēṯ-nəḇīʾêḵā*": "conjunction + direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your prophets", "*hārāḡū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they killed", "*ʾăšer-hēʿîḏû*": "relative pronoun + Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - who testified/warned", "*bām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them", "*ləhăšîḇām*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to return/bring them back", "*ʾēlêḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*wə-yaʿăśû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they did/made", "*neʾāṣôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - contemptuous/despicable acts", "*gəḏôlōṯ*": "feminine plural adjective - great/large" }, "variants": { "*yamrū*": "rebelled/disobeyed/were contentious", "*yimrəḏū*": "rebelled/revolted/were insubordinate", "*yašlīḵū*": "cast/threw/hurled away", "*tôrāṯəḵā*": "law/instruction/teaching", "*gawām*": "back/body/middle", "*nəḇīʾêḵā*": "prophets/seers/messengers", "*hārāḡū*": "killed/slew/murdered", "*hēʿîḏû*": "testified/warned/admonished", "*ləhăšîḇām*": "to return them/to bring them back/to restore them", "*neʾāṣôṯ*": "contemptuous acts/despicable deeds/blasphemies" } } 27 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.27", "source": "וַֽתִּתְּנֵם֙ בְּיַ֣ד צָֽרֵיהֶ֔ם וַיָּצֵ֖רוּ לָהֶ֑ם וּבְעֵ֤ת צָֽרָתָם֙ יִצְעֲק֣וּ אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְאַתָּה֙ מִשָּׁמַ֣יִם תִּשְׁמָ֔ע וּֽכְרַחֲמֶ֣יךָ הָֽרַבִּ֗ים תִּתֵּ֤ן לָהֶם֙ מֽוֹשִׁיעִ֔ים וְיוֹשִׁיע֖וּם מִיַּ֥ד צָרֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-tittənēm* in-*yaḏ* *ṣārêhem* *wə-yāṣērû* to-them, *û-ḇə-ʿēṯ* *ṣārāṯām* they-*yiṣʿăqû* to-you, *wə-ʾattāh* from-*šāmayim* *tišmāʿ*, *û-ḵə-raḥămêḵā* *hā-rabbîm* you-*tittēn* to-them *môšîʿîm* *wə-yôšîʿûm* from-*yaḏ* *ṣārêhem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-tittənēm*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and you gave them", "*yaḏ*": "construct state feminine singular noun - hand of", "*ṣārêhem*": "masculine plural participle + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their adversaries/enemies", "*wə-yāṣērû*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural - and they distressed/oppressed", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to/for them", "*û-ḇə-ʿēṯ*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine singular construct noun - and in time of", "*ṣārāṯām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their distress/trouble", "*yiṣʿăqû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - they cried out", "*ʾēlêḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - and you", "*mi-šāmayim*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - from heaven", "*tišmāʿ*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you heard/would hear", "*û-ḵə-raḥămêḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and according to your mercies", "*hā-rabbîm*": "definite article + masculine plural adjective - the many/great", "*tittēn*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you gave/would give", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*môšîʿîm*": "masculine plural Hiphil participle - saviors/deliverers", "*wə-yôšîʿûm*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and they saved them", "*mi-yaḏ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct noun - from hand of", "*ṣārêhem*": "masculine plural participle + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their adversaries/enemies" }, "variants": { "*tittənēm*": "gave them/delivered them/handed them over", "*yaḏ*": "hand/power/authority", "*ṣārêhem*": "their enemies/adversaries/oppressors", "*yāṣērû*": "distressed/oppressed/afflicted", "*ʿēṯ*": "time/period/season", "*ṣārāṯām*": "their distress/trouble/affliction", "*yiṣʿăqû*": "cried out/called/screamed", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky/dwelling place of God", "*tišmāʿ*": "heard/listened/heeded", "*raḥămêḵā*": "your mercies/compassions/tender mercies", "*rabbîm*": "many/numerous/abundant", "*tittēn*": "gave/provided/granted", "*môšîʿîm*": "saviors/deliverers/rescuers", "*yôšîʿûm*": "saved them/delivered them/rescued them" } }
• Ps 107:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.17", "source": "אֱ֭וִלִים מִדֶּ֣רֶךְ פִּשְׁעָ֑ם וּֽמֵעֲוֺ֥נֹתֵיהֶ֗ם יִתְעַנּֽוּ", "text": "*ʾĕwilîm* from-*derek* *pišʿām* and-from-*ʿăwōnōtêhem* *yitʿannû*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕwilîm*": "noun/adjective, masculine plural - fools", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular construct with prefixed preposition min - from way of", "*pišʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their transgression", "*ʿăwōnōtêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and prefixed conjunction waw and preposition min - and from their iniquities", "*yitʿannû*": "hitpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they were afflicted" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕwilîm*": "fools/foolish ones", "*derek*": "way/path/manner/conduct", "*pišʿām*": "their transgression/rebellion/sin", "*ʿăwōnōtêhem*": "their iniquities/sins/guilt", "*yitʿannû*": "they were afflicted/suffered/were humbled" } }
• Isa 1:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.19", "source": "אִם־תֹּאב֖וּ וּשְׁמַעְתֶּ֑ם ט֥וּב הָאָ֖רֶץ תֹּאכֵֽלוּ׃", "text": "*ʾim*-*tōʾbû* *ûšma'tem* *ṭûb* *hāʾāreṣ* *tōʾkēlû*", "grammar": { "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if", "*tōʾbû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you are willing", "*ûšma'tem*": "conjunction wə- + verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and obey", "*ṭûb*": "noun, masculine singular construct - good of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the land", "*tōʾkēlû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall eat" }, "variants": { "*tōʾbû*": "are willing/consent/agree", "*ûšma'tem*": "obey/listen/hear", "*ṭûb*": "good/best/prosperity", "*tōʾkēlû*": "you shall eat/consume/enjoy" } }
• Jer 3:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.8", "source": "וָאֵ֗רֶא כִּ֤י עַל־כָּל־אֹדוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִֽאֲפָה֙ מְשֻׁבָ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שִׁלַּחְתִּ֕יהָ וָאֶתֵּ֛ן אֶת־סֵ֥פֶר כְּרִיתֻתֶ֖יהָ אֵלֶ֑יהָ וְלֹ֨א יָֽרְאָ֜ה בֹּֽגֵדָ֤ה יְהוּדָה֙ אֲחוֹתָ֔הּ וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ וַתִּ֥זֶן גַּם־הִֽיא׃", "text": "*wāʾēreʾ* that for-all-*ʾōdôt* which *niʾăp̄â* *mᵉšuḇâ* *yiśrāʾēl*, *šillaḥtîhā* *wāʾettēn* *ʾet*-*sēp̄er* *kᵉrîtutehā* to-her; and-not *yārᵉʾâ* *bōgēdâ* *yᵉhûdâ* *ʾăḥôtâh*, *wattēleḵ* *wattizen* also-she.", "grammar": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I saw'", "*ʾōdôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - 'causes/reasons'", "*niʾăp̄â*": "Piel perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she committed adultery'", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'apostate/backsliding'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*šillaḥtîhā*": "Piel perfect 1st person singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'I sent her away'", "*wāʾettēn*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - 'and I gave'", "*sēp̄er*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'document/scroll'", "*kᵉrîtutehā*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her divorce'", "*yārᵉʾâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she feared/was afraid'", "*bōgēdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her sister'", "*wattēleḵ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she went'", "*wattizen*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she played the harlot'" }, "variants": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "and I saw/observed/noticed", "*ʾōdôt*": "causes/reasons/occasions", "*niʾăp̄â*": "she committed adultery/was unfaithful", "*mᵉšuḇâ*": "apostate/backsliding/faithless", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "Israel", "*šillaḥtîhā*": "I sent her away/dismissed her/divorced her", "*wāʾettēn*": "and I gave/provided/handed over", "*sēp̄er*": "document/scroll/certificate", "*kᵉrîtutehā*": "her divorce/separation/cutting off", "*yārᵉʾâ*": "she feared/was afraid/was in awe", "*bōgēdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "her sister", "*wattēleḵ*": "and she went/proceeded", "*wattizen*": "and she played the harlot/prostituted herself" } }
• Jer 7:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.23", "source": "כִּ֣י אִֽם־אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַ֠זֶּה צִוִּ֨יתִי אוֹתָ֤ם לֵאמֹר֙ שִׁמְע֣וּ בְקוֹלִ֔י וְהָיִ֤יתִי לָכֶם֙ לֵֽאלֹהִ֔ים וְאַתֶּ֖ם תִּֽהְיוּ־לִ֣י לְעָ֑ם וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֗ם בְּכָל־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲצַוֶּ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם לְמַ֖עַן יִיטַ֥ב לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "But *kî ʾim-ʾet-haddābār hazzeh ṣiwwîtî ʾôtām lēʾmōr šimʿû bəqôlî wəhāyîtî lākem lēʾlōhîm wəʾattem tihyû-lî ləʿām wahalaktem bəkol-hadderek ʾăšer ʾăṣawweh ʾetkem ləmaʿan yîṭab lākem*.", "grammar": { "*kî ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - but rather", "*ʾet-haddābār*": "direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - this word/thing", "*hazzeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative adjective - this", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "piel perfect 1st person singular - I commanded", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*šimʿû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - listen/hear/obey", "*bəqôlî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - to my voice", "*wəhāyîtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular with vav consecutive - and I will be", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to/for you", "*lēʾlōhîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - as God", "*wəʾattem*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine plural pronoun - and you", "*tihyû-lî*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural + preposition with 1st person singular suffix - you will be to me", "*ləʿām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - as a people", "*wahalaktem*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural with vav consecutive - and you shall walk", "*bəkol-hadderek*": "preposition + noun + definite article + masculine singular noun - in all the way", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʾăṣawweh*": "piel imperfect 1st person singular - I command", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*ləmaʿan*": "preposition + conjunction - so that/in order that", "*yîṭab*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will be good", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for you" }, "variants": { "*dābār*": "word/thing/matter", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "I commanded/I ordered/I instructed", "*šimʿû*": "listen/hear/obey", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*derekh*": "way/road/path/journey", "*ʾăṣawweh*": "I command/I instruct/I order", "*yîṭab*": "it will be good/it will go well/it will prosper" } }
• Dan 9:6-9 : 6 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.6", "source": "וְלֹ֤א שָׁמַ֙עְנוּ֙ אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֣יךָ הַנְּבִיאִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר דִּבְּרוּ֙ בְּשִׁמְךָ֔ אֶל־מְלָכֵ֥ינוּ שָׂרֵ֖ינוּ וַאֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ וְאֶ֖ל כָּל־עַ֥ם הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And not *šāmaʿnû* to *ʿăḇāḏeḵā* the *nəḇîʾîm* who *dibbərû* in *šimḵā* to *məlāḵênû* *śārênû* and *ʾăḇōṯênû* and to all-*ʿam* the *ʾāreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*šāmaʿnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have listened", "*ʿăḇāḏeḵā*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 2ms suffix - your servants", "*nəḇîʾîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the prophets", "*dibbərû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, piel - they spoke", "*šimḵā*": "noun, masculine, singular with 2ms suffix - your name", "*məlāḵênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1st plural suffix - our kings", "*śārênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1st plural suffix - our princes/officials", "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1st plural suffix - our fathers", "*ʿam*": "construct state, masculine, singular - people of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the land" }, "variants": { "*šāmaʿnû*": "we have listened/heard/obeyed", "*ʿăḇāḏeḵā*": "your servants/slaves", "*dibbərû*": "they spoke/declared/proclaimed", "*śārênû*": "our princes/officials/rulers", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/folk" } } 7 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.7", "source": "לְךָ֤ אֲדֹנָי֙ הַצְּדָקָ֔ה וְלָ֛נוּ בֹּ֥שֶׁת הַפָּנִ֖ים כַּיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה לְאִ֤ישׁ יְהוּדָה֙ וּלְיוֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֔ם וּֽלְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֞ל הַקְּרֹבִ֣ים וְהָרְחֹקִ֗ים בְּכָל־הָֽאֲרָצוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִדַּחְתָּ֣ם שָׁ֔ם בְּמַעֲלָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר מָֽעֲלוּ־בָֽךְ׃", "text": "To you *ʾăḏōnāy* the *ṣəḏāqāh*, and to us *bōšeṯ* the *pānîm* as the *yôm* the *zeh*, to *ʾîš* *yəhûḏāh* and to *yôšḇê* *yərûšālayim* and to all-*yiśrāʾêl* the *qərōḇîm* and the *rəḥōqîm* in all-the *ʾărāṣôṯ* which *hiddaḥtām* there in *maʿălām* which *māʿălû*-in you.", "grammar": { "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*ṣəḏāqāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the righteousness", "*bōšeṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular - shame", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the face", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine, singular - this", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - men of", "*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*yôšḇê*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct - inhabitants of", "*yərûšālayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*qərōḇîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural with definite article - the near ones", "*rəḥōqîm*": "adjective, masculine, plural with definite article - the far ones", "*ʾărāṣôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural with definite article - the lands", "*hiddaḥtām*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular, hiphil with 3mp suffix - you have driven them", "*maʿălām*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3mpl suffix - their unfaithfulness", "*māʿălû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they committed/acted unfaithfully" }, "variants": { "*ṣəḏāqāh*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*bōšeṯ*": "shame/humiliation/disgrace", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/countenance", "*qərōḇîm*": "near ones/those who are near", "*rəḥōqîm*": "far ones/those who are far", "*hiddaḥtām*": "you have driven/scattered/banished them", "*maʿălām*": "their unfaithfulness/treachery/rebellion" } } 8 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.8", "source": "יְהוָ֗ה לָ֚נוּ בֹּ֣שֶׁת הַפָּנִ֔ים לִמְלָכֵ֥ינוּ לְשָׂרֵ֖ינוּ וְלַאֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטָ֖אנוּ לָֽךְ׃", "text": "*YHWH*, to us *bōšeṯ* the *pānîm*, to *məlāḵênû*, to *śārênû*, and to *ʾăḇōṯênû* who *ḥāṭāʾnû* to you.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*bōšeṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular - shame", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the face", "*məlāḵênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our kings", "*śārênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our princes/officials", "*ʾăḇōṯênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our fathers", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have sinned" }, "variants": { "*bōšeṯ*": "shame/humiliation/disgrace", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/countenance", "*śārênû*": "our princes/officials/rulers", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "we have sinned/missed the mark/failed" } } 9 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.9", "source": "לַֽאדֹנָ֣י אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ הָרַחֲמִ֖ים וְהַסְּלִח֑וֹת כִּ֥י מָרַ֖דְנוּ בּֽוֹ׃", "text": "To *ʾăḏōnāy* *ʾĕlōhênû* the *raḥămîm* and the *səliḥôṯ* for *māraḏnû* against him.", "grammar": { "*ʾăḏōnāy*": "divine title - Lord/Master", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our God", "*raḥămîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the compassions", "*səliḥôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural with definite article - the forgivenesses", "*māraḏnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have rebelled" }, "variants": { "*raḥămîm*": "compassions/mercies/tender mercies", "*səliḥôṯ*": "forgivenesses/pardons", "*māraḏnû*": "we have rebelled/revolted/been disobedient" } } 10 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.10", "source": "וְלֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔עְנוּ בְּק֖וֹל יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ לָלֶ֤כֶת בְּתֽוֹרֹתָיו֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָתַ֣ן לְפָנֵ֔ינוּ בְּיַ֖ד עֲבָדָ֥יו הַנְּבִיאִֽים׃", "text": "And not *šāmaʿnû* in *qôl* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* to *lāleḵeṯ* in *tôrōṯāyw* which *nāṯan* before *pānênû* by *yaḏ* *ʿăḇāḏāyw* the *nəḇîʾîm*.", "grammar": { "*šāmaʿnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have listened", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - voice of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our God", "*lāleḵeṯ*": "infinitive construct, qal with prefix - to walk", "*tôrōṯāyw*": "noun, feminine, plural with 3ms suffix - his laws", "*nāṯan*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he gave", "*pānênû*": "noun, masculine, plural with 1pl suffix - our faces", "*yaḏ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - hand of", "*ʿăḇāḏāyw*": "noun, masculine, plural with 3ms suffix - his servants", "*nəḇîʾîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the prophets" }, "variants": { "*šāmaʿnû*": "we have listened/heard/obeyed", "*qôl*": "voice/sound", "*lāleḵeṯ*": "to walk/go/follow", "*tôrōṯāyw*": "his laws/instructions/teachings", "*pānênû*": "our faces/presence/before us" } } 11 { "verseID": "Daniel.9.11", "source": "וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל עָֽבְרוּ֙ אֶת־תּ֣וֹרָתֶ֔ךָ וְס֕וֹר לְבִלְתִּ֖י שְׁמ֣וֹעַ בְּקֹלֶ֑ךָ וַתִּתַּ֨ךְ עָלֵ֜ינוּ הָאָלָ֣ה וְהַשְּׁבֻעָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר כְּתוּבָה֙ בְּתוֹרַת֙ מֹשֶׁ֣ה עֶֽבֶד־הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים כִּ֥י חָטָ֖אנוּ לֽוֹ׃", "text": "And all-*yiśrāʾêl* *ʿāḇrû* *ʾeṯ*-*tôrāṯeḵā* and *sôr* to not *šəmôaʿ* in *qōleḵā*, and *wattittaḵ* upon us the *ʾālāh* and the *šəḇuʿāh* which *kəṯûḇāh* in *tôraṯ* *mōšeh* *ʿeḇeḏ*-the *ʾĕlōhîm* for *ḥāṭāʾnû* to him.", "grammar": { "*yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿāḇrû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, qal - they transgressed", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*tôrāṯeḵā*": "noun, feminine, singular with 2ms suffix - your law", "*sôr*": "infinitive absolute, qal - turning aside", "*šəmôaʿ*": "infinitive construct, qal - to hear", "*qōleḵā*": "noun, masculine, singular with 2ms suffix - your voice", "*wattittaḵ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular, qal - and it was poured out", "*ʾālāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the curse", "*šəḇuʿāh*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the oath", "*kəṯûḇāh*": "passive participle, qal, feminine, singular - written", "*tôraṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - law of", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿeḇeḏ*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - servant of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine, plural with definite article - the God", "*ḥāṭāʾnû*": "perfect, 1st plural, qal - we have sinned" }, "variants": { "*ʿāḇrû*": "they transgressed/crossed over/violated", "*sôr*": "turning aside/departing/deviating", "*šəmôaʿ*": "to hear/listen/obey", "*wattittaḵ*": "and it was poured out/spilled/brought down", "*ʾālāh*": "curse/oath of punishment", "*šəḇuʿāh*": "oath/sworn judgment" } }
• Mic 3:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Micah.3.4", "source": "אָ֚ז יִזְעֲק֣וּ אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה וְלֹ֥א יַעֲנֶ֖ה אוֹתָ֑ם וְיַסְתֵּ֨ר פָּנָ֤יו מֵהֶם֙ בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֔יא כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הֵרֵ֖עוּ מַעַלְלֵיהֶֽם׃ פ", "text": "*ʾāz* *yizʿăqû* unto-*YHWH* and-not *yaʿăneh* them and-*yastēr* *pānāyw* from-them in-the-*ʿēt* the-that as-which *hērēʿû* *maʿallêhem*", "grammar": { "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*yizʿăqû*": "3rd person plural qal imperfect - they will cry out", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*yaʿăneh*": "3rd person masculine singular qal imperfect - he will answer", "*yastēr*": "3rd person masculine singular hiphil imperfect - he will hide", "*pānāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face", "*ʿēt*": "feminine singular noun - time", "*hērēʿû*": "3rd person plural hiphil perfect - they did evil", "*maʿallêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their deeds/practices" }, "variants": { "*yizʿăqû*": "they will cry out/call for help", "*yaʿăneh*": "he will answer/respond to", "*yastēr*": "he will hide/conceal", "*pānāyw*": "his face/presence", "*ʿēt*": "time/season/occasion", "*hērēʿû*": "they did evil/acted wickedly", "*maʿallêhem*": "their deeds/practices/actions" } }
• 2 Thess 1:8 : 8 { "verseID": "2 Thessalonians.1.8", "source": "Ἐν πυρὶ φλογός διδόντος ἐκδίκησιν τοῖς μὴ εἰδόσιν Θεὸν, καὶ τοῖς μὴ ὑπακούουσιν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ:", "text": "In *pyri* of *phlogos* *didontos* *ekdikēsin* to those not *eidosin* *Theon*, and to those not *hypakouousin* to the *euangeliō* of the *Kyriou* of us *Iēsou* *Christou*:", "grammar": { "Ἐν *pyri*": "preposition + dative, neuter, singular - in/with fire", "*phlogos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of flame", "*didontos*": "present participle, active, genitive, masculine, singular - giving/inflicting", "*ekdikēsin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - direct object of *didontos*", "μὴ *eidosin*": "negative + perfect participle, active, dative, masculine, plural - not knowing", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - direct object of *eidosin*", "μὴ *hypakouousin*": "negative + present participle, active, dative, masculine, plural - not obeying", "*euangeliō*": "dative, neuter, singular - indirect object of *hypakouousin*", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive", "ἡμῶν": "genitive, 1st person, plural - possessive", "*Iēsou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - in apposition to *Kyriou*", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - in apposition to *Iēsou*" }, "variants": { "*pyri*": "fire/flame", "*phlogos*": "flame/blaze", "*didontos*": "giving/inflicting/executing", "*ekdikēsin*": "vengeance/retribution/punishment", "*eidosin*": "knowing/recognizing/acknowledging", "*Theon*": "God/deity", "*hypakouousin*": "obeying/heeding/submitting to", "*euangeliō*": "gospel/good news", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/master/owner" } }
• 2 Tim 2:24 : 24 { "verseID": "2 Timothy.2.24", "source": "Δοῦλον δὲ Κυρίου οὐ δεῖ μάχεσθαι· ἀλλʼ ἤπιον εἶναι πρὸς πάντας, διδακτικόν, ἀνεξίκακον,", "text": "*Doulon de Kyriou ou dei machesthai*; but *ēpion einai pros pantas*, *didaktikon*, *anexikakon*,", "grammar": { "*Doulon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - servant/slave", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Lord", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*dei*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd singular, impersonal - it is necessary", "*machesthai*": "present, infinitive, middle - to quarrel", "*all*": "adversative conjunction - but", "*ēpion*": "accusative, masculine, singular, adjective - gentle", "*einai*": "present, infinitive, active - to be", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - toward", "*pantas*": "accusative, masculine, plural, adjective - all", "*didaktikon*": "accusative, masculine, singular, adjective - able to teach", "*anexikakon*": "accusative, masculine, singular, adjective - patient of wrongs" }, "variants": { "*Doulon*": "servant/slave/bondservant", "*Kyriou*": "of Lord/Master", "*dei*": "it is necessary/must/ought", "*machesthai*": "to quarrel/fight/strive", "*ēpion*": "gentle/mild/kind", "*didaktikon*": "able to teach/skillful in teaching", "*anexikakon*": "patient of wrongs/forbearing/tolerant" } }
• Heb 3:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "Hebrews.3.5", "source": "Καὶ Μωϋσῆς μὲν πιστὸς ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ οἴκῳ αὐτοῦ, ὡς θεράπων, εἰς μαρτύριον τῶν λαληθησομένων·", "text": "And *Mōysēs* *men* *pistos* in *holō* the *oikō* of him, as *therapōn*, *eis* *martyrion* of the things *lalēthēsomenōn*;", "grammar": { "*Mōysēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Moses", "*men*": "postpositive particle - indeed/on one hand (often paired with δέ)", "*pistos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - faithful/trustworthy", "*holō*": "dative, masculine, singular - whole/all/entire", "*oikō*": "dative, masculine, singular - house/household", "*therapōn*": "nominative, masculine, singular - servant/attendant", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - for/unto/as", "*martyrion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - testimony/witness", "*lalēthēsomenōn*": "future passive participle, genitive, neuter, plural - of things to be spoken" }, "variants": { "*men*": "indeed/truly/on one hand", "*pistos*": "faithful/trustworthy/reliable", "*holō*": "whole/entire/complete", "*oikō*": "house/household/family", "*therapōn*": "servant/attendant/minister (higher class than a regular servant)", "*martyrion*": "testimony/witness/evidence", "*lalēthēsomenōn*": "things that would be spoken/things to be uttered later" } } 6 { "verseID": "Hebrews.3.6", "source": "Χριστὸς δὲ ὡς υἱὸς ἐπὶ τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ· οὗ οἶκός ἐσμεν ἡμεῖς, ἐάνπερ τὴν παρρησίαν καὶ τὸ καύχημα τῆς ἐλπίδος μέχρι τέλους βεβαίαν κατάσχωμεν.", "text": "*Christos* *de* as *hyios* *epi* the *oikon* of him; of whom *oikos* *esmen* we, *eanper* the *parrēsian* and the *kauchēma* of the *elpidos* *mechri* *telous* *bebaian* *kataschōmen*.", "grammar": { "*Christos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Christ/Anointed One", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now (contrasting with μέν)", "*hyios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - son", "*epi*": "preposition + accusative - over/upon", "*oikon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - house/household", "*oikos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - house/household", "*esmen*": "present indicative, 1st person plural - we are", "*eanper*": "conditional conjunction - if indeed/if only", "*parrēsian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - boldness/confidence/freedom of speech", "*kauchēma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - boasting/pride/exultation", "*elpidos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of hope/expectation", "*mechri*": "preposition + genitive - until/as far as", "*telous*": "genitive, neuter, singular - end/conclusion/goal", "*bebaian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - firm/steadfast/secure", "*kataschōmen*": "aorist subjunctive, 1st person plural - we might hold fast/retain" }, "variants": { "*de*": "but/and/moreover", "*hyios*": "son/descendant", "*epi*": "over/upon/in charge of", "*oikon*": "house/household/family", "*oikos*": "house/household/family", "*eanper*": "if indeed/provided that/if only", "*parrēsian*": "boldness/confidence/freedom of speech", "*kauchēma*": "boast/pride/ground for glorying", "*elpidos*": "hope/expectation/confidence", "*mechri*": "until/as far as/up to", "*telous*": "end/conclusion/completion", "*bebaian*": "firm/steadfast/secure", "*kataschōmen*": "hold fast/retain/keep secure/maintain" } }
• 1 Pet 2:8 : 8 { "verseID": "1 Peter.2.8", "source": "Καὶ Λίθος προσκόμματος, καὶ πέτρα σκανδάλου, οἳ προσκόπτουσιν τῷ λόγῳ, ἀπειθοῦντες: εἰς ὃ καὶ ἐτέθησαν.", "text": "And *Lithos proskommatos*, and *petra skandalou*, *hoi proskoptousin tō logō*, *apeithountes*: *eis ho kai etethēsan*.", "grammar": { "*Lithos*": "noun, masculine singular nominative - stone", "*proskommatos*": "noun, neuter singular genitive - of stumbling", "*petra*": "noun, feminine singular nominative - rock", "*skandalou*": "noun, neuter singular genitive - of offense/scandal", "*hoi*": "relative pronoun, masculine plural nominative - who", "*proskoptousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they stumble", "*tō logō*": "noun with article, masculine singular dative - at the word", "*apeithountes*": "present active participle, masculine plural nominative - disobeying/being disobedient", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - to/for", "*ho*": "relative pronoun, neuter singular accusative - which", "*kai*": "conjunction - also/even", "*etethēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they were appointed/set" }, "variants": { "*proskommatos*": "of stumbling/of offense", "*petra*": "rock/large stone", "*skandalou*": "of offense/of stumbling/of a trap", "*proskoptousin*": "stumble/strike against", "*apeithountes*": "disobeying/being disobedient/not believing", "*etethēsan*": "were appointed/were set/were ordained" } }
• 1 Pet 4:17 : 17 { "verseID": "1 Peter.4.17", "source": "Ὅτι ὁ καιρὸς τοῦ ἄρξασθαι τὸ κρίμα ἀπὸ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ Θεοῦ: εἰ δὲ πρῶτον ἀφʼ ἡμῶν, τί τὸ τέλος τῶν ἀπειθούντων τῷ τοῦ Θεοῦ εὐαγγελίῳ;", "text": "Because the *kairos tou arxasthai to krima apo tou oikou tou Theou*: and if first from us, what the *telos tōn apeithountōn* to the of *Theou euangeliō*?", "grammar": { "*kairos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - time/season/appointed time", "*tou arxasthai*": "genitive articular aorist middle infinitive - of the beginning", "*krima*": "accusative, neuter, singular - judgment", "*oikou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - house/household", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*telos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - end/outcome", "*apeithountōn*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - of those disobeying", "*euangeliō*": "dative, neuter, singular - to gospel/good news" }, "variants": { "*kairos*": "time/appointed time/proper time/season", "*krima*": "judgment/sentence/decision", "*apeithountōn*": "disobeying/being unpersuaded/disbelieving/refusing to believe" } }