Verse 6

{ "verseID": "1 Thessalonians.4.6", "source": "Τὸ μὴ ὑπερβαίνειν καὶ πλεονεκτεῖν ἐν τῷ πράγματι τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ: διότι ἔκδικος ὁ Κύριος περὶ πάντων τούτων, καθὼς καὶ προείπαμεν ὑμῖν καὶ διεμαρτυράμεθα.", "text": "The not to *hyperbainein* and to *pleonektein* in the *pragmati* the *adelphon* of him: because *ekdikos* the *Kyrios* concerning all these things, just as also we *proeipamen* to you and *diemartyrametha*.", "grammar": { "*hyperbainein*": "present, infinitive, active - to overstep/transgress", "*pleonektein*": "present, infinitive, active - to take advantage/defraud", "*pragmati*": "dative, neuter, singular - matter/affair/business (locative)", "*adelphon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - brother (direct object)", "*ekdikos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - avenger/one who punishes", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord (subject)", "*proeipamen*": "aorist, indicative, active, 1st person, plural - we told before/forewarned", "*diemartyrametha*": "aorist, indicative, middle, 1st person, plural - we solemnly testified/charged" }, "variants": { "*hyperbainein*": "overstep/transgress/go beyond limits", "*pleonektein*": "take advantage/defraud/cheat/exploit", "*pragmati*": "matter/affair/business/thing", "*adelphon*": "brother/fellow believer", "*ekdikos*": "avenger/one who punishes/vindicator", "*proeipamen*": "told before/forewarned/previously said", "*diemartyrametha*": "solemnly testified/charged/witnessed" } }

Other Translations

• Bibeloversettelse fra KJV1611 og Textus Receptus

  At ingen må gå for langt og bedrager sin bror i noen sak, for Herren er en hevner av alt slikt, som vi også har advart dere om og vitnet.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk

  At ingen skal overtrekke grensene eller utnytte sin bror i forbindelse med dette; for Herren straffer alle slike handlinger, slik vi også har advart dere om.

• Norsk King James

  At ingen må gå for langt og bedra sin bror i noen sak; for Herren er en hevner for alt dette, akkurat som vi også har forutvarslet dere og vitnet om.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Ingen skal bedra eller utnytte sin bror i noen sak, for Herren er en hevner over alt slikt, som vi tidligere har sagt og vitnet for dere.

• KJV/Textus Receptus til norsk

  At ingen skal bedra og overgå sin bror i noe forhold: for Herren er hevneren i alle slike ting, som vi også har advart dere og gitt vitnesbyrd om.

• Den norske oversettelsen av Det Nye Testamente

  At ingen går utover og utnytter sin bror i denne saken, fordi Herren er den som hevner seg på alt dette, som vi også har fortalt dere og advart dere om.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  At ingen skal gå for langt og bedra sin bror i noen sak, fordi Herren er den som straffer alt slikt, som vi også har advart dere og vitnet om.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  At ingen skal gå forbi og bedra sin bror i noen sak, for Herren er hevner for alle slike, slik vi også har advart dere og vitnet.

• gpt4.5-preview

  At ingen går over grensen og bedrar sin bror i noen sak; for Herren er en hevner i alt slikt, som vi tidligere har sagt dere og klart advart dere om.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  At ingen går over grensen og bedrar sin bror i noen sak; for Herren er en hevner i alt slikt, som vi tidligere har sagt dere og klart advart dere om.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  At ingen skal bedra eller utnytte sin bror i noen sak, for Herren er den som hevner slike ting, som vi også har forutsagt og vitnet for dere.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  And that no one transgresses or defrauds their brother in this matter, because the Lord is an avenger of all these things, as we have forewarned and solemnly testified to you.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk Aug2024

  Og ikke bør overskride og bedra sin bror i noen sak. For Herren er den som straffer for alle disse ting, slik vi også tidligere har fortalt dere og alvorlig vitnet om.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  at Ingen skal forurette eller bedrage sin Broder i nogen Handel; thi Herren er Hevner over alt Saadant, som vi og forud have sagt og vidnet for eder.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  That no man go beyond and defraud his brother in any matter: because that the Lord is the avenger of all such, as we also have forewarned you and testified.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  At ingen skal gå utover og bedra sin bror i noen sak, for Herren er den som straffer alt dette, slik vi også har advart dere og bevitnet.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  That no man go beyond and defraud his brother in any matter, because the Lord is the avenger of all such, as we also have forewarned you and testified.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  That no man go beyond and defraud his brother in any matter: because that the Lord is the avenger of all such, as we also have forewarned you and testified.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  og at ingen skal utnytte eller bedra sin bror eller søster i dette, fordi Herren er en hevner i alle slike saker, som vi har advart dere om og vitnet.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  at ingen går utover eller svikter sin bror i denne saken, for Herren er en hevner av alt dette, som vi også tidligere har sagt og vitnet for dere.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  At ingen skal overskride eller bedra sin bror i denne saken; for Herren er en hevner over alt dette, som vi også har fortalt dere og vitnet.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Og at ingen skal prøve å få overtaket på sin bror i forretninger: for Herren er dommeren i alle disse ting, som vi har sagt til deg tidligere og vitnet om.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  that no man goo to farre and defraude his brother in bargayninge: because the LORde is a venger of all suche thinges as we tolde you before tyme and testified.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And that no man go to farre, ner defraude his brother in bargayninge. For the LORDE is the auenger of all soch thinges, as we haue sayde & testified vnto you afore tyme.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  That no man oppresse or defraude his brother in any matter: for the Lord is auenger of all such thinges, as we also haue tolde you before time, and testified.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  That no man oppresse and defraude his brother in any matter, because that the Lorde is the auenger of all suche: as we also haue forewarned you, and testified.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  That no [man] go beyond and defraud his brother in [any] matter: because that the Lord [is] the avenger of all such, as we also have forewarned you and testified.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  that no one should take advantage of and wrong a brother or sister in this matter; because the Lord is an avenger in all these things, as also we forewarned you and testified.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  that no one go beyond and defraud in the matter his brother, because an avenger `is' the Lord of all these, as also we spake before to you and testified,

• American Standard Version (1901)

  that no man transgress, and wrong his brother in the matter: because the Lord is an avenger in all these things, as also we forewarned you and testified.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And that no man may make attempts to get the better of his brother in business: for the Lord is the judge in all these things, as we said to you before and gave witness.

• World English Bible (2000)

  that no one should take advantage of and wrong a brother or sister in this matter; because the Lord is an avenger in all these things, as also we forewarned you and testified.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  In this matter no one should violate the rights of his brother or take advantage of him, because the Lord is the avenger in all these cases, as we also told you earlier and warned you solemnly.

Referenced Verses

• Rom 12:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Romans.12.19", "source": "Μὴ ἑαυτοὺς ἐκδικοῦντες, Ἀγαπητοί, ἀλλὰ δότε τόπον τῇ ὀργῇ: γέγραπται γάρ, Ἐμοὶ ἐκδίκησις· ἐγὼ ἀνταποδώσω, λέγει Κύριος.", "text": "Not yourselves *ekdikountes*, *Agapētoi*, but *dote* *topon* to the *orgē*: it has been *gegraptai* for, To me *ekdikēsis*; I will *antapodōsō*, *legei* *Kyrios*.", "grammar": { "*ekdikountes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - avenging/taking revenge", "*Agapētoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - beloved", "*dote*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person plural - give", "*topon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - place/room/opportunity", "*orgē*": "dative, feminine, singular - to wrath/anger", "*gegraptai*": "perfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - it has been written", "*ekdikēsis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - vengeance/punishment", "*antapodōsō*": "future active indicative, 1st person singular - I will repay/reward", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - says", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord" }, "variants": { "*ekdikountes*": "avenging/taking revenge/executing justice", "*Agapētoi*": "beloved/dearly loved ones", "*dote*": "give/grant/allow", "*topon*": "place/room/opportunity/chance", "*orgē*": "wrath/anger/indignation", "*ekdikēsis*": "vengeance/punishment/vindication", "*antapodōsō*": "repay/reward/recompense", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/Master/Owner" } }
• Eph 4:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Ephesians.4.28", "source": "Ὁ κλέπτων μηκέτι κλεπτέτω: μᾶλλον δὲ κοπιάτω, ἐργαζόμενος τὸ ἀγαθόν ταῖς χερσὶν, ἵνα ἔχῃ μεταδιδόναι τῷ χρείαν ἔχοντι.", "text": "The one *kleptōn* no longer let him *kleptetō*: *mallon de kopiatō*, *ergazomenos* the *agathon* with the *chersin*, *hina* he might *echē metadidonai* to the one *chreian echonti*.", "grammar": { "*kleptōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular - stealing", "*kleptetō*": "present active imperative, 3rd singular - let him steal", "*mallon*": "adverb - rather/instead", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*kopiatō*": "present active imperative, 3rd singular - let him labor", "*ergazomenos*": "present middle participle, nominative masculine singular - working/performing", "*agathon*": "accusative neuter singular - good", "*chersin*": "dative feminine plural - with hands", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*echē*": "present active subjunctive, 3rd singular - he might have", "*metadidonai*": "present active infinitive - to share/impart", "*chreian*": "accusative feminine singular - need", "*echonti*": "present active participle, dative masculine singular - having" }, "variants": { "*kleptōn*": "stealing/thief", "*kleptetō*": "steal/take secretly", "*kopiatō*": "labor/toil/work hard", "*ergazomenos*": "working/performing/doing", "*agathon*": "good/beneficial/worthy", "*metadidonai*": "share/impart/give", "*chreian echonti*": "one having need/one in need" } }
• Heb 13:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Hebrews.13.4", "source": "Τίμιος ὁ γάμος ἐν πάσιν, καὶ ἡ κοίτη ἀμίαντος: πόρνους δὲ καὶ μοιχοὺς κρινεῖ ὁ Θεός.", "text": "*Timios* the *gamos* in *pasin*, *kai* the *koitē* *amiantos*: *pornous* *de* *kai* *moichous* *krinei* the *Theos*.", "grammar": { "*timios*": "nominative, masculine, singular, adjective - honorable/precious", "*gamos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - marriage/wedding", "*pasin*": "dative, masculine, plural - all/every", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*koitē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - bed/marriage bed", "*amiantos*": "nominative, feminine, singular, adjective - undefiled/pure", "*pornous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - fornicators/sexually immoral persons", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*moichous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - adulterers", "*krinei*": "future, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - will judge", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God" }, "variants": { "*timios*": "honorable/precious/held in honor/valuable/esteemed", "*gamos*": "marriage/wedding/marriage contract", "*koitē*": "bed/marriage bed/sexual intercourse", "*amiantos*": "undefiled/pure/unstained", "*pornous*": "fornicators/sexually immoral persons/prostitutes", "*moichous*": "adulterers/those who commit adultery", "*krinei*": "will judge/condemn/bring to trial" } }
• Jas 2:6 : 6 { "verseID": "James.2.6", "source": "Ὑμεῖς δὲ ἠτιμάσατε τὸν πτωχόν. Οὐχ οἱ πλούσιοι καταδυναστεύουσιν ὑμῶν, καὶ αὐτοὶ ἕλκουσιν ὑμᾶς εἰς κριτήρια;", "text": "You *de ētimasate* the *ptōchon*. Not the *plousioi katadynasteuousin* you, and they *helkousin* you into *kritēria*?", "grammar": { "Ὑμεῖς": "nominative, second person, plural - you", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*ētimasate*": "aorist, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you dishonored", "τὸν *ptōchon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the poor man", "Οὐχ": "negative particle (interrogative) - not", "οἱ *plousioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - the rich", "*katadynasteuousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they oppress", "ὑμῶν": "genitive, second person, plural - of you", "αὐτοὶ": "nominative, masculine, plural, intensive pronoun - they themselves", "*helkousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they drag", "ὑμᾶς": "accusative, second person, plural - you", "εἰς": "preposition + accusative - into", "*kritēria*": "accusative, neuter, plural - courts/tribunals" }, "variants": { "*ētimasate*": "dishonored/despised/treated with contempt", "*ptōchon*": "poor person/beggar/destitute individual", "*plousioi*": "rich people/wealthy ones", "*katadynasteuousin*": "oppress/dominate/exercise power over", "*helkousin*": "drag/pull/haul/draw", "*kritēria*": "courts/tribunals/judgment seats" } }
• Jas 5:4 : 4 { "verseID": "James.5.4", "source": "Ἰδοὺ, ὁ μισθὸς τῶν ἐργατῶν τῶν ἀμησάντων τὰς χώρας ὑμῶν, ὁ ἀπεστερημένος ἀφʼ ὑμῶν, κράζει: καὶ αἱ βοαὶ τῶν θερισάντων εἰς τὰ ὦτα Κυρίου Σαβαὼθ εἰσεληλύθασιν.", "text": "*Idou*, the *misthos* of the *ergatōn tōn amēsantōn* the *chōras* of you, the *apesterēmenos aph'* you, *krazei*: and the *boai tōn therisantōn eis* the *ōta Kyriou Sabaōth eiselēlythasin*.", "grammar": { "*Idou*": "aorist middle imperative - behold/look", "*misthos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - wages/payment", "*ergatōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - workers/laborers", "*amēsantōn*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - having harvested/reaped", "*chōras*": "accusative, feminine, plural - fields/lands", "*apesterēmenos*": "perfect passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having been withheld/defrauded", "*aph'*": "preposition + genitive - from/by", "*krazei*": "present active, 3rd singular - cries out/shouts", "*boai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - cries/shouts", "*therisantōn*": "aorist active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - having harvested/reaped", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into/to", "*ōta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - ears", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Lord", "*Sabaōth*": "genitive - of hosts/armies (untranslated Hebrew term)", "*eiselēlythasin*": "perfect active, 3rd plural - have entered/come into" }, "variants": { "*Idou*": "behold/look/see", "*misthos*": "wages/payment/reward", "*ergatōn*": "workers/laborers", "*amēsantōn*": "having harvested/reaped/mowed", "*chōras*": "fields/lands/regions", "*apesterēmenos*": "having been withheld/defrauded/kept back by fraud", "*krazei*": "cries out/shouts/calls loudly", "*boai*": "cries/shouts/outcries", "*therisantōn*": "having harvested/reaped (can refer specifically to grain harvest)", "*Sabaōth*": "of hosts/armies (Hebrew military term)" } }
• Eph 5:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Ephesians.5.6", "source": "Μηδεὶς ὑμᾶς ἀπατάτω κενοῖς λόγοις: διὰ ταῦτα γὰρ ἔρχεται ἡ ὀργὴ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐπὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς τῆς ἀπειθείας.", "text": "*Mēdeis* you *apatātō kenois logois*: because of these things *gar erchetai* the *orgē* of the *Theou* upon the *huious* of the *apeitheias*", "grammar": { "*Mēdeis*": "nominative, masculine, singular - no one/nobody", "*apatātō*": "present imperative, active, 3rd singular - let deceive [command]", "*kenois*": "dative, masculine, plural - empty/vain", "*logois*": "dative, masculine, plural - words/sayings", "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*erchetai*": "present, middle/passive, indicative, 3rd singular - comes", "*orgē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - wrath/anger", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*huious*": "accusative, masculine, plural - sons", "*apeitheias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of disobedience" }, "variants": { "*Mēdeis*": "no one/nobody/let no one", "*apatātō*": "let deceive/delude", "*kenois logois*": "empty words/vain sayings", "*erchetai*": "comes/is coming", "*orgē*": "wrath/anger/indignation", "*huious*": "sons/children", "*apeitheias*": "disobedience/unbelief/rebellion" } }
• 2 Thess 1:8 : 8 { "verseID": "2 Thessalonians.1.8", "source": "Ἐν πυρὶ φλογός διδόντος ἐκδίκησιν τοῖς μὴ εἰδόσιν Θεὸν, καὶ τοῖς μὴ ὑπακούουσιν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ:", "text": "In *pyri* of *phlogos* *didontos* *ekdikēsin* to those not *eidosin* *Theon*, and to those not *hypakouousin* to the *euangeliō* of the *Kyriou* of us *Iēsou* *Christou*:", "grammar": { "Ἐν *pyri*": "preposition + dative, neuter, singular - in/with fire", "*phlogos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of flame", "*didontos*": "present participle, active, genitive, masculine, singular - giving/inflicting", "*ekdikēsin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - direct object of *didontos*", "μὴ *eidosin*": "negative + perfect participle, active, dative, masculine, plural - not knowing", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - direct object of *eidosin*", "μὴ *hypakouousin*": "negative + present participle, active, dative, masculine, plural - not obeying", "*euangeliō*": "dative, neuter, singular - indirect object of *hypakouousin*", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive", "ἡμῶν": "genitive, 1st person, plural - possessive", "*Iēsou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - in apposition to *Kyriou*", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - in apposition to *Iēsou*" }, "variants": { "*pyri*": "fire/flame", "*phlogos*": "flame/blaze", "*didontos*": "giving/inflicting/executing", "*ekdikēsin*": "vengeance/retribution/punishment", "*eidosin*": "knowing/recognizing/acknowledging", "*Theon*": "God/deity", "*hypakouousin*": "obeying/heeding/submitting to", "*euangeliō*": "gospel/good news", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/master/owner" } }
• Rom 13:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Romans.13.4", "source": "Θεοῦ γὰρ διάκονός ἐστίν σοι εἰς τὸ ἀγαθόν. Ἐὰν δὲ τὸ κακὸν ποιῇς, φοβοῦ· οὐ γὰρ εἰκῆ τὴν μάχαιραν φορεῖ: Θεοῦ γὰρ διάκονός ἐστιν, ἔκδικος εἰς ὀργὴν τῷ τὸ κακὸν πράσσοντι.", "text": "Of *Theou gar diakonos estin* to you for the *agathon*. *Ean de* the *kakon poiēs*, *phobou*; not *gar eikē* the *machairan phorei*: of *Theou gar diakonos estin*, *ekdikos* for *orgēn* to the one the *kakon prassonti*.", "grammar": { "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*diakonos*": "nominative, masculine/feminine, singular - servant/minister", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*agathon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - good", "*Ean*": "conditional conjunction - if", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*kakon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - evil/bad", "*poiēs*": "present active subjunctive, 2nd singular - you do/practice", "*phobou*": "present middle/passive imperative, 2nd singular - fear/be afraid", "*eikē*": "adverb - in vain/without purpose", "*machairan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sword", "*phorei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - bears/wears/carries", "*ekdikos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - avenger/punisher", "*orgēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - wrath/anger", "*prassonti*": "present active participle, dative, masculine, singular - practicing/doing" }, "variants": { "*diakonos*": "servant/minister/deacon/agent", "*agathon*": "good/beneficial/noble", "*kakon*": "evil/bad/wrong/harmful", "*phobou*": "fear/be afraid/dread", "*eikē*": "in vain/without purpose/without reason", "*machairan*": "sword/knife", "*phorei*": "bears/carries/wears", "*ekdikos*": "avenger/punisher/executor of justice", "*orgēn*": "wrath/anger/indignation", "*prassonti*": "practicing/doing/performing" } }
• 1 Cor 6:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.6.7", "source": "Ἤδη μὲν οὖν ὅλως ἥττημα ἐν ὑμῖν ἐστιν, ὅτι κρίματα ἔχετε μεθʼ ἑαυτῶν. Διὰ τί οὐχὶ μᾶλλον ἀδικεῖσθε; διὰ τί οὐχὶ μᾶλλον ἀποστερεῖσθε;", "text": "*Ēdē* *men* *oun* *holōs* *hēttēma* in you *estin*, that *krimata* you *echete* with *heautōn*. *Dia ti* *ouchi* *mallon* *adikeisthe*? *Dia ti* *ouchi* *mallon* *apostereisthe*?", "grammar": { "*Ēdē*": "temporal adverb - already/now", "*men oun*": "conjunctive particles - therefore/indeed/certainly", "*holōs*": "adverb - altogether/completely/actually", "*hēttēma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - defeat/failure/loss", "*en hymin*": "preposition + dative, 2nd plural - among you", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that/because", "*krimata*": "accusative, neuter, plural - lawsuits/judgments", "*echete*": "present indicative, 2nd plural - you have", "*meth' heautōn*": "preposition + genitive, reflexive pronoun - with yourselves/among yourselves", "*Dia ti*": "preposition + interrogative - why/for what reason", "*ouchi*": "intensive negative - not", "*mallon*": "comparative adverb - rather/instead", "*adikeisthe*": "present indicative, passive, 2nd plural - you are wronged", "*apostereisthe*": "present indicative, passive, 2nd plural - you are defrauded/robbed" }, "variants": { "*hēttēma*": "defeat/failure/deficiency/loss", "*krimata*": "lawsuits/legal cases/judgments", "*adikeisthe*": "are wronged/suffer injustice", "*apostereisthe*": "are defrauded/are robbed/are cheated" } } 8 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.6.8", "source": "Ἀλλὰ, ὑμεῖς ἀδικεῖτε, καὶ ἀποστερεῖτε, καὶ ταῦτά ἀδελφούς.", "text": "But, you *adikeite*, and *apostereite*, and these things to *adelphous*.", "grammar": { "*Alla*": "strong adversative conjunction - but/rather", "*hymeis*": "nominative, 2nd plural, personal pronoun - you", "*adikeite*": "present indicative, active, 2nd plural - you do wrong", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*apostereite*": "present indicative, active, 2nd plural - you defraud", "*tauta*": "accusative, neuter, plural, demonstrative pronoun - these things", "*adelphous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - brothers" }, "variants": { "*adikeite*": "do wrong/commit injustice", "*apostereite*": "defraud/rob/cheat", "*adelphous*": "brothers/fellow believers" } } 9 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.6.9", "source": "Ἢ οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἄδικοι βασιλείαν Θεοῦ οὐ κληρονομήσουσιν; Μὴ πλανᾶσθε: οὔτε πόρνοι, οὔτε εἰδωλολάτραι, οὔτε μοιχοὶ, οὔτε μαλακοὶ, οὔτε ἀρσενοκοῖται,", "text": "Or not *oidate* that *adikoi* *basileian* *Theou* not *klēronomēsousin*? Not *planasthe*: neither *pornoi*, nor *eidōlolatrai*, nor *moichoi*, nor *malakoi*, nor *arsenokoitai*,", "grammar": { "*Ē*": "disjunctive particle - or", "*ouk oidate*": "negative + perfect indicative, 2nd plural - you do not know", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*adikoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - unrighteous", "*basileian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - kingdom", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*ou klēronomēsousin*": "negative + future indicative, active, 3rd plural - will not inherit", "*Mē planasthe*": "negative + present imperative, passive, 2nd plural - do not be deceived", "*oute*": "negative conjunctive particle - neither/nor", "*pornoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - fornicators/sexually immoral", "*eidōlolatrai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - idolaters", "*moichoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - adulterers", "*malakoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - soft/effeminate", "*arsenokoitai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - those who engage in same-sex relations" }, "variants": { "*adikoi*": "unrighteous/unjust/wrongdoers", "*basileian Theou*": "kingdom of God/God's reign", "*klēronomēsousin*": "will inherit/receive as inheritance", "*planasthe*": "be deceived/led astray", "*pornoi*": "sexually immoral persons/fornicators", "*eidōlolatrai*": "idolaters/those who worship idols", "*moichoi*": "adulterers", "*malakoi*": "soft ones/effeminate men/passive homosexual partners", "*arsenokoitai*": "men who lie with males/active homosexual partners" } }
• Gal 5:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Galatians.5.21", "source": "Φθόνοι, φόνοι, μέθαι, κῶμοι, καὶ τὰ ὅμοια τούτοις: ἃ προλέγω ὑμῖν, καθὼς καὶ προεῖπον, ὅτι οἱ τὰ τοιαῦτα πράσσοντες βασιλείαν Θεοῦ οὐ κληρονομήσουσιν.", "text": "*Phthonoi, phonoi, methai, kōmoi*, and the things *homoia toutois*: which I *prolegō* to you, as also I *proeipon*, that those *ta toiauta prassontes basileian Theou ou klēronomēsousin*.", "grammar": { "*Phthonoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - envy/spite", "*phonoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - murders", "*methai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - drunkenness", "*kōmoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - carousing/revelry", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*ta*": "nominative, neuter, plural article - the things", "*homoia*": "nominative, neuter, plural - similar/like", "*toutois*": "dative, neuter, plural demonstrative pronoun - to these", "*prolegō*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person singular - forewarn/tell beforehand", "*kathōs*": "adverb - as/just as", "*kai*": "adverb - also/even", "*proeipon*": "aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - told beforehand/predicted", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*hoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural article - those", "*ta*": "accusative, neuter, plural article - the things", "*toiauta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - such/of such kind", "*prassontes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - practicing/doing", "*basileian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - kingdom", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*klēronomēsousin*": "future, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - will inherit" }, "variants": { "*Phthonoi*": "envy/spite/jealousy", "*phonoi*": "murders/killings", "*methai*": "drunkenness/intoxication", "*kōmoi*": "carousing/revelry/orgies", "*homoia*": "similar/like/resembling", "*prolegō*": "forewarn/tell beforehand/warn in advance", "*proeipon*": "told beforehand/predicted/previously said", "*toiauta*": "such/of such kind/such things", "*prassontes*": "practicing/doing/performing", "*basileian*": "kingdom/reign/rule", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*klēronomēsousin*": "will inherit/receive as inheritance" } }
• Eph 4:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Ephesians.4.17", "source": "Τοῦτο οὖν λέγω, καὶ μαρτύρομαι ἐν Κυρίῳ, μηκέτι ὑμᾶς περιπατεῖν καθὼς καὶ τὰ λοιπὰ Ἔθνη περιπατεῖ, ἐν ματαιότητι τοῦ νοὸς αὐτῶν,", "text": "This *oun* I *legō*, and *martyromai* in *Kyriō*, no longer you to *peripatein kathōs* also the rest *Ethnē peripatei*, in *mataiotēti* of the *noos* of them,", "grammar": { "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*legō*": "present active indicative, 1st singular - I say/tell", "*martyromai*": "present middle indicative, 1st singular - I testify/affirm", "*Kyriō*": "dative masculine singular - in Lord", "*peripatein*": "present active infinitive - to walk/conduct oneself", "*kathōs*": "adverb - just as/even as", "*Ethnē*": "nominative neuter plural - Gentiles/nations", "*peripatei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - walks/conducts itself", "*mataiotēti*": "dative feminine singular - in vanity/futility", "*noos*": "genitive masculine singular - of mind/understanding" }, "variants": { "*legō*": "say/tell/speak", "*martyromai*": "testify/affirm solemnly", "*Kyriō*": "Lord/master", "*peripatein*": "walk/conduct oneself/live", "*Ethnē*": "Gentiles/nations/pagans", "*mataiotēti*": "vanity/futility/emptiness", "*noos*": "mind/understanding/intellect" } }
• Exod 20:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.15", "source": "לֹ֣֖א תִּֿגְנֹֽ֔ב׃", "text": "*lōʾ tignōḇ*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tignōḇ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall steal" }, "variants": { "*tignōḇ*": "steal/take secretly/kidnap" } }
• Exod 20:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.17", "source": "לֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ד בֵּ֣ית רֵעֶ֑ךָ לֹֽא־תַחְמֹ֞ד אֵ֣שֶׁת רֵעֶ֗ךָ וְעַבְדּ֤וֹ וַאֲמָתוֹ֙ וְשׁוֹר֣וֹ וַחֲמֹר֔וֹ וְכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְרֵעֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*lōʾ ṯaḥmōḏ bêṯ rēʿeḵā lōʾ-ṯaḥmōḏ ʾēsheṯ rēʿeḵā wə-ʿaḇdô wa-ʾămāṯô wə-shôrô wa-ḥămōrô wə-ḵōl ʾăsher lə-rēʿeḵā*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ ṯaḥmōḏ*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not covet", "*bêṯ*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*rēʿeḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor", "*lōʾ-ṯaḥmōḏ*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not covet", "*ʾēsheṯ*": "feminine singular construct - wife of", "*rēʿeḵā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor", "*wə-ʿaḇdô*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his male servant", "*wa-ʾămāṯô*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his female servant", "*wə-shôrô*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his ox", "*wa-ḥămōrô*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his donkey", "*wə-ḵōl*": "conjunction + noun construct - or anything", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - that", "*lə-rēʿeḵā*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - [belongs] to your neighbor" }, "variants": { "*ṯaḥmōḏ*": "covet/desire strongly/lust after/scheme to acquire", "*bêṯ*": "house/household/dwelling place/family", "*ʾēsheṯ*": "wife/woman" } }
• Lev 19:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Leviticus.19.11", "source": "לֹ֖א תִּגְנֹ֑בוּ וְלֹא־תְכַחֲשׁ֥וּ וְלֹֽא־תְשַׁקְּר֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ בַּעֲמִיתֽוֹ", "text": "*lōʾ* *tignōḇû* *wə-lōʾ*-*ṯəḵaḥăšû* *wə-lōʾ*-*ṯəšaqqərû* *ʾîš* *baʿămîṯô*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tignōḇû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall steal", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯəḵaḥăšû*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall deny/lie", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯəšaqqərû*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall deal falsely", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man/person", "*baʿămîṯô*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - against his neighbor" }, "variants": { "*tignōḇû*": "steal/take secretly", "*ṯəḵaḥăšû*": "deny/lie/deceive/defraud", "*ṯəšaqqərû*": "deal falsely/lie/deceive", "*ʿămîṯô*": "his neighbor/associate/fellow/companion" } }
• Lev 19:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Leviticus.19.13", "source": "לֹֽא־תַעֲשֹׁ֥ק אֶת־רֵֽעֲךָ֖ וְלֹ֣א תִגְזֹ֑ל לֹֽא־תָלִ֞ין פְּעֻלַּ֥ת שָׂכִ֛יר אִתְּךָ֖ עַד־בֹּֽקֶר", "text": "*lōʾ*-*ṯaʿăšōq* *ʾeṯ*-*rēʿăḵā* *wə-lōʾ* *ṯigzōl* *lōʾ*-*ṯālîn* *pəʿullaṯ* *śāḵîr* *ʾittəḵā* *ʿaḏ*-*bōqer*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯaʿăšōq*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall oppress", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*rēʿăḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯigzōl*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall rob", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯālîn*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it shall remain overnight", "*pəʿullaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wages of", "*śāḵîr*": "noun, masculine singular - hired worker", "*ʾittəḵā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - with you", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until", "*bōqer*": "noun, masculine singular - morning" }, "variants": { "*ṯaʿăšōq*": "oppress/exploit/defraud", "*ṯigzōl*": "rob/steal/plunder/seize", "*ṯālîn*": "remain overnight/stay the night/be kept overnight", "*pəʿullaṯ*": "wages/payment/compensation" } }
• Lev 25:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Leviticus.25.14", "source": "וְכִֽי־תִמְכְּר֤וּ מִמְכָּר֙ לַעֲמִיתֶ֔ךָ א֥וֹ קָנֹ֖ה מִיַּ֣ד עֲמִיתֶ֑ךָ אַל־תּוֹנ֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ אֶת־אָחִֽיו׃", "text": "And-when-*timkərû mimkār* to-*ʿămîtekā* or *qānōh* from-hand-of-*ʿămîtekā*, not-*tônu ʾîš* [direct object marker]-his-brother", "grammar": { "*timkərû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you sell", "*mimkār*": "common noun, masculine singular - sale/thing sold", "*ʿămîtekā*": "common noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor/fellow", "*qānōh*": "qal infinitive absolute - buying", "*tônu*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall wrong/oppress", "*ʾîš*": "common noun, masculine singular - man/each" }, "variants": { "*timkərû*": "you sell/you may sell/you are selling", "*mimkār*": "sale/thing sold/merchandise", "*ʿămîtekā*": "your neighbor/your fellow/your companion", "*tônu*": "you shall wrong/you shall oppress/you shall deceive" } }
• Lev 25:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Leviticus.25.17", "source": "וְלֹ֤א תוֹנוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־עֲמִית֔וֹ וְיָרֵ֖אתָ מֵֽאֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהֹוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*lōʾ tônû ʾîš* [direct object marker]-*ʿămîtô*, *wə-yārēʾtā* from-*ʾĕlōhekā*, for *ʾănî YHWH ʾĕlōhêkem*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tônû*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall wrong/oppress", "*ʾîš*": "common noun, masculine singular - man/each", "*ʿămîtô*": "common noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neighbor/fellow", "*wə-yārēʾtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall fear", "*ʾĕlōhekā*": "common noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "common noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*tônû*": "you shall wrong/you shall oppress/you shall deceive", "*ʿămîtô*": "his neighbor/his fellow/his companion", "*yārēʾtā*": "you shall fear/you shall revere/you shall be in awe of", "*ʾĕlōhekā*": "your God/your deity/your divine being" } }
• Deut 24:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.24.7", "source": "כִּי־יִמָּצֵ֣א אִ֗ישׁ גֹּנֵ֨ב נֶ֤פֶשׁ מֵאֶחָיו֙ מִבְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְהִתְעַמֶּר־בּ֖וֹ וּמְכָר֑וֹ וּמֵת֙ הַגַּנָּ֣ב הַה֔וּא וּבִֽעַרְתָּ֥ הָרָ֖ע מִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "When *yimmāṣēʾ* *ʾîš* *gōnēb* *nepeš* from his brothers from *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* and *hitʿammer*-in him and *məkārô*; and *mēt* *haggannāb* *hahûʾ* and *biʿartā* *hāraʿ* from your midst.", "grammar": { "*yimmāṣēʾ*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he is found", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man", "*gōnēb*": "qal participle masculine singular - stealing", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/person/life", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*hitʿammer*": "hithpael perfect 3rd masculine singular - he deals tyrannically", "*məkārô*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with suffix - he sells him", "*mēt*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he dies", "*haggannāb*": "definite masculine singular noun - the thief", "*hahûʾ*": "definite demonstrative masculine singular - that", "*biʿartā*": "piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you purge/remove", "*hāraʿ*": "definite adjective masculine singular - the evil" }, "variants": { "*gōnēb* *nepeš*": "kidnapping a person/stealing a soul", "*hitʿammer*": "deals tyrannically/enslaves/treats as merchandise", "*biʿartā* *hāraʿ*": "purge the evil/burn out the wickedness/remove the evil" } }
• Deut 25:13-16 : 13 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.25.13", "source": "לֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֥ה לְךָ֛ בְּכִֽיסְךָ֖ אֶ֣בֶן וָאָ֑בֶן גְּדוֹלָ֖ה וּקְטַנָּֽה׃", "text": "Not *yihyeh* to-you in-*kîsəkā* *ʾeben* *wā-ʾāben* *gədôlāh* *û-qəṭannāh*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - there shall be", "*ləkā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*bə-kîsəkā*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your bag", "*ʾeben*": "noun feminine singular - stone/weight", "*wā-ʾāben*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular - and stone/weight", "*gədôlāh*": "adjective feminine singular - large", "*û-qəṭannāh*": "conjunction + adjective feminine singular - and small" }, "variants": { "*kîs*": "bag/pouch/purse", "*ʾeben wā-ʾāben*": "stone and stone/different weights/diverse weights" } } 14 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.25.14", "source": "לֹא־יִהְיֶ֥ה לְךָ֛ בְּבֵיתְךָ֖ אֵיפָ֣ה וְאֵיפָ֑ה גְּדוֹלָ֖ה וּקְטַנָּֽה׃", "text": "Not *yihyeh* to-you in-*bêtəkā* *ʾêpāh* *wə-ʾêpāh* *gədôlāh* *û-qəṭannāh*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - there shall be", "*ləkā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*bə-bêtəkā*": "preposition + noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your house", "*ʾêpāh*": "noun feminine singular - ephah [measure]", "*wə-ʾêpāh*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular - and ephah", "*gədôlāh*": "adjective feminine singular - large", "*û-qəṭannāh*": "conjunction + adjective feminine singular - and small" }, "variants": { "*ʾêpāh*": "ephah/dry measure (approx. 22 liters)", "*ʾêpāh wə-ʾêpāh*": "ephah and ephah/different measures/diverse measures" } } 15 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.25.15", "source": "אֶ֣בֶן שְׁלֵמָ֤ה וָצֶ֙דֶק֙ יִֽהְיֶה־לָּ֔ךְ אֵיפָ֧ה שְׁלֵמָ֛ה וָצֶ֖דֶק יִֽהְיֶה־לָּ֑ךְ לְמַ֙עַן֙ יַאֲרִ֣יכוּ יָמֶ֔יךָ עַ֚ל הֽ͏ָאֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לָֽךְ׃", "text": "*ʾeben* *šəlēmāh* *wā-ṣedeq* *yihyeh*-to-you *ʾêpāh* *šəlēmāh* *wā-ṣedeq* *yihyeh*-to-you so-that *yaʾărîkû* *yāmêkā* on the-*ʾădāmāh* that-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* *nōtēn* to-you", "grammar": { "*ʾeben*": "noun feminine singular - stone/weight", "*šəlēmāh*": "adjective feminine singular - perfect/whole", "*wā-ṣedeq*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and just", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - there shall be", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd masculine/feminine singular suffix - to you", "*ʾêpāh*": "noun feminine singular - ephah [measure]", "*šəlēmāh*": "adjective feminine singular - perfect/whole", "*wā-ṣedeq*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and just", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - there shall be", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd masculine/feminine singular suffix - to you", "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - so that", "*yaʾărîkû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they shall be long", "*yāmêkā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your days", "*ʿal*": "preposition - on", "*hā-ʾădāmāh*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the ground/land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*nōtēn*": "qal participle masculine singular - giving", "*lāk*": "preposition + 2nd masculine/feminine singular suffix - to you" }, "variants": { "*šəlēmāh*": "perfect/whole/complete", "*ṣedeq*": "just/righteous/honest", "*yaʾărîkû yāmêkā*": "your days shall be long/you shall live long", "*ʾădāmāh*": "ground/land/soil" } } 16 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.25.16", "source": "כִּ֧י תוֹעֲבַ֛ת יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ כָּל־עֹ֣שֵׂה אֵ֑לֶּה כֹּ֖ל עֹ֥שֵׂה עָֽוֶל׃", "text": "For *tôʿăbat* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* all-*ʿōśēh* these all *ʿōśēh* *ʿāwel*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for", "*tôʿăbat*": "noun feminine singular construct - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʿōśēh*": "qal participle masculine singular construct - doer of", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these", "*kōl*": "noun masculine singular - all", "*ʿōśēh*": "qal participle masculine singular construct - doer of", "*ʿāwel*": "noun masculine singular - injustice" }, "variants": { "*tôʿăbat*": "abomination/detestable thing", "*ʿōśēh*": "doer/one who does/practicer", "*ʿāwel*": "injustice/unrighteousness/wrong" } }
• Deut 32:35 : 35 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.35", "source": "לִ֤י נָקָם֙ וְשִׁלֵּ֔ם לְעֵ֖ת תָּמ֣וּט רַגְלָ֑ם כִּ֤י קָרוֹב֙ י֣וֹם אֵידָ֔ם וְחָ֖שׁ עֲתִדֹ֥ת לָֽמוֹ׃", "text": "To-me *nāqām* and-*šillēm*, for-time *tāmûṭ* *raḡlām*; for *qārôḇ* *yôm* *ʾêḏām*, and-*ḥāš* *ʿăṯiḏōṯ* for-them.", "grammar": { "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me/for me", "*nāqām*": "noun, masculine, singular - vengeance", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*šillēm*": "noun, masculine, singular - recompense/retribution", "*lə*": "preposition - for/at", "*ʿêṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - time of", "*tāmûṭ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - slips/wavers", "*raḡlām*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their foot", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*qārôḇ*": "adjective, masculine, singular - near/imminent", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - day of", "*ʾêḏām*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their calamity", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥāš*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - hastens/hurries", "*ʿăṯiḏōṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - things prepared/destined events", "*lāmô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - for them/to them" }, "variants": { "*nāqām*": "vengeance/revenge", "*šillēm*": "recompense/retribution/repayment", "*tāmûṭ*": "slips/wavers/totters", "*raḡlām*": "their foot/their step", "*qārôḇ*": "near/imminent/at hand", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*ʾêḏām*": "their calamity/disaster/doom", "*ḥāš*": "hastens/hurries/rushes", "*ʿăṯiḏōṯ*": "things prepared/destined events/what is ready" } }
• 1 Sam 12:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.12.3", "source": "הִנְנִ֣י עֲנ֣וּ בִי֩ נֶ֨גֶד יְהוָ֜ה וְנֶ֣גֶד מְשִׁיח֗וֹ אֶת־שׁוֹר֩ ׀ מִ֨י לָקַ֜חְתִּי וַחֲמ֧וֹר מִ֣י לָקַ֗חְתִּי וְאֶת־מִ֤י עָשַׁ֙קְתִּי֙ אֶת־מִ֣י רַצּ֔וֹתִי וּמִיַּד־מִי֙ לָקַ֣חְתִּי כֹ֔פֶר וְאַעְלִ֥ים עֵינַ֖י בּ֑וֹ וְאָשִׁ֖יב לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "*hinnənî* *ʿănû* *bî* *neged* *YHWH* *wə-neged* *məšîḥô* *ʾet*-*šôr* *mî* *lāqaḥtî* *wa-ḥămôr* *mî* *lāqaḥtî* *wə-ʾet*-*mî* *ʿāšaqtî* *ʾet*-*mî* *raṣṣôtî* *û-miyyad*-*mî* *lāqaḥtî* *kōper* *wə-ʾaʿlîm* *ʿênay* *bô* *wə-ʾāšîb* *lākem*", "grammar": { "*hinnənî*": "interjection + 1st person singular suffix - behold me", "*ʿănû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - answer", "*bî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - against me", "*neged*": "preposition - before/in the presence of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*wə-neged*": "conjunction + preposition - and before", "*məšîḥô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his anointed", "*ʾet*-*šôr*": "direct object marker + noun masculine singular - ox", "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - whose", "*lāqaḥtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have taken", "*wa-ḥămôr*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and donkey", "*wə-ʾet*-*mî*": "conjunction + direct object marker + interrogative pronoun - and whom", "*ʿāšaqtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have oppressed", "*raṣṣôtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have crushed", "*û-miyyad*-*mî*": "conjunction + preposition + interrogative pronoun - and from whose hand", "*kōper*": "noun masculine singular - bribe/ransom", "*wə-ʾaʿlîm*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - and I hide", "*ʿênay*": "noun feminine dual construct + 1st person singular suffix - my eyes", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with it", "*wə-ʾāšîb*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - and I will restore", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to you" }, "variants": { "*məšîḥô*": "his anointed one/his appointed one", "*ʿāšaqtî*": "I have defrauded/oppressed/exploited", "*raṣṣôtî*": "I have crushed/mistreated/extorted", "*kōper*": "bribe/ransom/hush money", "*wə-ʾaʿlîm* *ʿênay*": "and I have hidden my eyes/turned a blind eye", "*wə-ʾāšîb*": "and I will restore/return/pay back" } } 4 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.12.4", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ לֹ֥א עֲשַׁקְתָּ֖נוּ וְלֹ֣א רַצּוֹתָ֑נוּ וְלֹֽא־לָקַ֥חְתָּ מִיַּד־אִ֖ישׁ מְאֽוּמָה׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *lōʾ* *ʿăšaqtānû* *wə-lōʾ* *raṣṣôtānû* *wə-lōʾ*-*lāqaḥtā* *miyyad*-*ʾîš* *məʾûmāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmərû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they said", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿăšaqtānû*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular + 1st person plural suffix - you have defrauded us", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*raṣṣôtānû*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular + 1st person plural suffix - you have crushed us", "*lāqaḥtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have taken", "*miyyad*-*ʾîš*": "preposition + noun construct + noun - from the hand of any man", "*məʾûmāh*": "noun - anything" }, "variants": { "*ʿăšaqtānû*": "you have defrauded/oppressed/exploited us", "*raṣṣôtānû*": "you have crushed/mistreated/extorted us", "*məʾûmāh*": "anything/something/the least thing" } }
• Job 31:13-14 : 13 { "verseID": "Job.31.13", "source": "אִם־אֶמְאַ֗ס מִשְׁפַּ֣ט עַ֭בְדִּי וַאֲמָתִ֑י בְּ֝רִבָ֗ם עִמָּדִֽי׃", "text": "If-*ʾemʾas mišpaṭ ʿaḇdî wa-ʾămātî* in-*rîḇām ʿimmādî*", "grammar": { "*ʾemʾas*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I reject", "*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - justice/right of", "*ʿaḇdî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my servant", "*wa-ʾămātî*": "conjunction with noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and my maidservant", "*rîḇām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their dispute", "*ʿimmādî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me" }, "variants": { "*ʾemʾas*": "reject/despise/refuse", "*mišpaṭ*": "justice/right/claim", "*ʿaḇdî*": "my male servant/my slave", "*ʾămātî*": "my female servant/my maidservant", "*rîḇām*": "their dispute/their case/their lawsuit" } } 14 { "verseID": "Job.31.14", "source": "וּמָ֣ה אֶֽ֭עֱשֶׂה כִּֽי־יָק֣וּם אֵ֑ל וְכִֽי־יִ֝פְקֹ֗ד מָ֣ה אֲשִׁיבֶֽנּוּ׃", "text": "And-*mâ ʾeʿĕśeh* when-*yāqûm ʾēl* and-when-*yipqōd mâ ʾăšîḇennû*", "grammar": { "*mâ*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will do", "*yāqûm*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he rises", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God", "*yipqōd*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he visits/examines", "*ʾăšîḇennû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - I will answer him" }, "variants": { "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "I will do/I would do/I could do", "*yāqûm*": "rises/stands up/takes action", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity", "*yipqōd*": "visits/inspects/examines", "*ʾăšîḇennû*": "I will answer him/I would respond to him" } }
• Ps 94:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.94.1", "source": "אֵל־נְקָמ֥וֹת יְהוָ֑ה אֵ֖ל נְקָמ֣וֹת הוֹפִֽיעַ", "text": "*ʾEl-nəqāmôt* *YHWH* *ʾEl* *nəqāmôt* *hôpîaʿ*", "grammar": { "*ʾEl*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - God of", "*nəqāmôt*": "noun, feminine, plural - vengeances/retributions", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*hôpîaʿ*": "verb, hiphil, perfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - shine forth/appear" }, "variants": { "*ʾEl-nəqāmôt*": "God of vengeances/retributions/revenges", "*hôpîaʿ*": "shine forth/appear/manifest yourself" } }
• Ps 140:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.140.12", "source": "אִ֥ישׁ לָשׁוֹן֮ בַּל־יִכּ֢וֹן בָּ֫אָ֥רֶץ אִישׁ־חָמָ֥ס רָ֑ע יְ֝צוּדֶ֗נּוּ לְמַדְחֵפֹֽת׃", "text": "*ʾîš* *lāšôn* *bal*-*yikkôn* in-the-*ʾāreṣ* *ʾîš*-*ḥāmās* *rāʿ* *yəṣûdennû* to-*madḥēpōt*", "grammar": { "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular construct noun - man of", "*lāšôn*": "feminine singular noun - tongue", "*bal*": "negative particle - not", "*yikkôn*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular verb - be established", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with prefixed preposition bet (in) - in the land/earth", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular construct noun - man of", "*ḥāmās*": "masculine singular noun - violence", "*rāʿ*": "masculine singular adjective - evil", "*yəṣûdennû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular verb with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he will hunt him", "*madḥēpōt*": "feminine plural noun with prefixed preposition lamed (to/for) - to overthrows/downfalls" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš* *lāšôn*": "man of tongue/slanderer/man of evil speech", "*yikkôn*": "be established/be secure/endure", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*ʾîš*-*ḥāmās*": "man of violence/violent person", "*rāʿ*": "evil/wicked/harmful", "*yəṣûdennû*": "he will hunt him/he will chase him/he will pursue him", "*madḥēpōt*": "overthrows/downfalls/destructions/precipices" } }
• Prov 11:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Proverbs.11.1", "source": "מֹאזְנֵ֣י מִ֭רְמָה תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה וְאֶ֖בֶן שְׁלֵמָ֣ה רְצוֹנֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Mōʾznê* *mirmâ* *tôʿăbat* *YHWH* *wəʾeben* *šəlēmâ* *rəṣônô*.", "grammar": { "*Mōʾznê*": "construct plural noun - scales/balances of", "*mirmâ*": "feminine singular noun - deceit/fraud", "*tôʿăbat*": "construct feminine singular noun - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*wəʾeben*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - and stone/weight", "*šəlēmâ*": "feminine singular adjective - complete/perfect/full", "*rəṣônô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his delight/favor" }, "variants": { "*mirmâ*": "deceit/fraud/falsehood/treachery", "*tôʿăbat*": "abomination/detestable thing", "*šəlēmâ*": "whole/complete/perfect/honest/full", "*rəṣônô*": "his delight/favor/will/acceptance" } }
• Prov 16:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Proverbs.16.11", "source": "פֶּ֤לֶס ׀ וּמֹאזְנֵ֣י מִ֭שְׁפָּט לַֽיהוָ֑ה מַ֝עֲשֵׂ֗הוּ כָּל־אַבְנֵי־כִֽיס׃", "text": "*peles* and-*mōʾznê* *mišpāṭ* to-*YHWH* *maʿăśēhû* all-*ʾaḇnê*-*kîs*", "grammar": { "*peles*": "noun, masculine, singular - scale/balance", "*wᵉ*": "conjunction - and", "*mōʾznê*": "noun, feminine, dual construct - scales/balances of", "*mišpāṭ*": "noun, masculine, singular - justice/judgment/right", "*lᵉ*": "preposition - to/belonging to", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*maʿăśēhû*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his work", "*kol*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - all", "*ʾaḇnê*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - stones of", "*kîs*": "noun, masculine, singular - bag/purse" }, "variants": { "*peles ûmōʾznê mišpāṭ*": "scale and just balances/accurate weights and measures", "*ʾaḇnê-kîs*": "stones of bag/weights in the pouch/weighing stones" } }
• Prov 20:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Proverbs.20.14", "source": "רַ֣ע רַ֭ע יֹאמַ֣ר הַקּוֹנֶ֑ה וְאֹזֵ֥ל ל֝֗וֹ אָ֣ז יִתְהַלָּֽל׃", "text": "*raʿ* *raʿ* *yōʾmar* the-*qôneh* and-*ʾōzēl* to-him then *yithallāl*", "grammar": { "*raʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - bad/evil", "*yōʾmar*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - says/will say", "*qôneh*": "verb, Qal participle masculine singular - buyer", "*ʾōzēl*": "verb, Qal participle masculine singular - going away", "*yithallāl*": "verb, Hithpael imperfect 3rd masculine singular - boasts/praises himself" }, "variants": { "*raʿ*": "bad/evil/poor quality", "*yōʾmar*": "says/will say/claims", "*qôneh*": "buyer/purchaser", "*ʾōzēl*": "going away/departing/leaving", "*yithallāl*": "boasts/praises himself/brags" } }
• Prov 20:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Proverbs.20.23", "source": "תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה אֶ֣בֶן וָאָ֑בֶן וּמֹאזְנֵ֖י מִרְמָ֣ה לֹא־טֽוֹב׃", "text": "*tôʿabat* *YHWH* *ʾeben* and-*ʾāben* and-*mōʾznê* *mirmâ* not-*ṭôb*", "grammar": { "*tôʿabat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - abomination of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular - stone/weight", "*ʾāben*": "noun, feminine singular - stone/weight", "*mōʾznê*": "noun, masculine dual construct - scales of", "*mirmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - deceit", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good" }, "variants": { "*tôʿabat*": "abomination of/detestable to", "*YHWH*": "the LORD/Yahweh/the Eternal One", "*ʾeben*": "stone/weight/measuring weight", "*ʾāben*": "stone/weight/measuring weight", "*mōʾznê*": "scales of/balances of", "*mirmâ*": "deceit/fraud/falsehood", "*ṭôb*": "good/proper/right" } }
• Prov 22:22-23 : 22 { "verseID": "Proverbs.22.22", "source": "אַֽל־תִּגְזָל־דָּ֭ל כִּ֣י דַל־ה֑וּא וְאַל־תְּדַכֵּ֖א עָנִ֣י בַשָּֽׁעַר׃", "text": "Not *Tigzāl-dāl* because *dal-hû'*, and not *TĕdaKKē'* *'ānî* in-the-*šā'ar*.", "grammar": { "Not": "negative particle with jussive, *'al* - do not", "*Tigzāl-dāl*": "verb with adjective used as noun, Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you rob the poor", "because": "conjunction, *kî* - because/for", "*dal-hû'*": "adjective with pronoun - poor he is", "and": "conjunction, *wĕ* - and", "not": "negative particle with jussive, *'al* - do not", "*TĕdaKKē'*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you crush/oppress", "*'ānî*": "adjective used as noun, masculine singular - afflicted/poor person", "in-the-*šā'ar*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - in the gate" }, "variants": { "*Tigzāl*": "rob/plunder/seize", "*dāl*": "poor/weak/needy person", "*dal-hû'*": "he is poor/he is weak/he is needy", "*TĕdaKKē'*": "crush/oppress/mistreat", "*'ānî*": "afflicted/poor/humble/oppressed person", "*šā'ar*": "gate/entrance/court (place of judgment)" } } 23 { "verseID": "Proverbs.22.23", "source": "כִּֽי־יְ֭הוָה יָרִ֣יב רִיבָ֑ם וְקָבַ֖ע אֶת־קֹבְעֵיהֶ֣ם נָֽפֶשׁ׃", "text": "For *YHWH* *yārîb* *rîbām* and *qāba'* *'eT-qōbĕ'êhem* *nāpeš*.", "grammar": { "For": "conjunction, *kî* - for/because", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*yārîb*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will contend/plead", "*rîbām*": "noun with pronominal suffix, masculine singular - their case/dispute", "and": "conjunction, *wĕ* - and", "*qāba'*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will rob/despoil", "*'eT-qōbĕ'êhem*": "direct object marker with verb, Qal participle, masculine plural with pronominal suffix - those who rob them", "*nāpeš*": "noun, feminine singular - life/soul" }, "variants": { "*yārîb*": "will contend/will plead/will defend", "*rîbām*": "their case/their cause/their dispute", "*qāba'*": "will rob/will despoil/will take away", "*qōbĕ'êhem*": "those who rob them/those who defraud them", "*nāpeš*": "life/soul/being/person" } }
• Prov 28:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Proverbs.28.24", "source": "גּוֹזֵ֤ל ׀ אָ֘בִ֤יו וְאִמּ֗וֹ וְאֹמֵ֥ר אֵֽין־פָּ֑שַׁע חָבֵ֥ר ה֝֗וּא לְאִ֣ישׁ מַשְׁחִֽית׃", "text": "*gôzēl* *'āḇîw* *wə'immô* *wə'ōmēr* *'ên*-*pāša'* *ḥāḇēr* *hû'* *lə'îš* *mašḥîṯ*", "grammar": { "*gôzēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - robbing", "*'āḇîw*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his father", "*wə'immô*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his mother", "*wə'ōmēr*": "conjunction + Qal participle, masculine singular - and says", "*'ên*-*pāša'*": "particle of negation + noun, masculine singular - there is no transgression", "*ḥāḇēr*": "noun, masculine singular - companion", "*hû'*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he", "*lə'îš*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - to a man", "*mašḥîṯ*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular - destroying" }, "variants": { "*gôzēl*": "robbing/plundering/stealing from", "*'āḇîw*": "his father", "*'immô*": "his mother", "*'ōmēr*": "saying/claiming", "*'ên*-*pāša'*": "it is not transgression/no wrong", "*ḥāḇēr*": "companion/partner/associate", "*'îš*": "man/person", "*mašḥîṯ*": "destroying/ruining/causing destruction" } }
• Eccl 5:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.5.8", "source": "וְיִתְר֥וֹן אֶ֖רֶץ בַּכֹּ֣ל *היא **ה֑וּא מֶ֥לֶךְ לְשָׂדֶ֖ה נֶעֱבָֽד׃", "text": "And *yiṯrôn* *ʾereṣ* in *bakkōl* *hûʾ*, *meleḵ* to *śāḏeh* *neʿĕḇāḏ*", "grammar": { "*yiṯrôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - advantage/profit of", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth/ground", "*bakkōl*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the all/everything", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he/it", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*śāḏeh*": "noun, masculine singular - field", "*neʿĕḇāḏ*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - being served/cultivated/worked" }, "variants": { "*yiṯrôn*": "profit/advantage/excess/excellency", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory/country", "*neʿĕḇāḏ*": "being served/worked/cultivated/tilled", "*hûʾ*": "he/it (text shows alternate reading between masculine and feminine forms)" } }
• Isa 1:23-24 : 23 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.23", "source": "שָׂרַ֣יִךְ סוֹרְרִ֗ים וְחַבְרֵי֙ גַּנָּבִ֔ים כֻּלּוֹ֙ אֹהֵ֣ב שֹׁ֔חַד וְרֹדֵ֖ף שַׁלְמֹנִ֑ים יָתוֹם֙ לֹ֣א יִשְׁפֹּ֔טוּ וְרִ֥יב אַלְמָנָ֖ה לֹֽא־יָב֥וֹא אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ פ", "text": "*śārayik* *sôrᵉrîm* *wᵉḥabrê* *gannābîm* *kullô* *ʾōhēb* *šōḥad* *wᵉrōdēp* *šalmōnîm* *yātôm* *lōʾ* *yišpōṭû* *wᵉrîb* *ʾalmānâ* *lōʾ*-*yābôʾ* *ʾălêhem*", "grammar": { "*śārayik*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person feminine singular suffix - your princes", "*sôrᵉrîm*": "adjective, qal active participle, masculine plural - rebellious", "*wᵉḥabrê*": "conjunction wə- + noun, masculine plural construct - and companions of", "*gannābîm*": "noun, masculine plural - thieves", "*kullô*": "construct noun, masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - all of it", "*ʾōhēb*": "participle, qal active, masculine singular - loving", "*šōḥad*": "noun, masculine singular - bribe", "*wᵉrōdēp*": "conjunction wə- + participle, qal active, masculine singular - and pursuing", "*šalmōnîm*": "noun, masculine plural - rewards/payments", "*yātôm*": "noun, masculine singular - orphan/fatherless", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yišpōṭû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they judge", "*wᵉrîb*": "conjunction wə- + noun, masculine singular construct - and cause of", "*ʾalmānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - widow", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yābôʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - comes", "*ʾălêhem*": "preposition ʾel + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them" }, "variants": { "*śārayik*": "your princes/rulers/officials", "*sôrᵉrîm*": "rebellious/stubborn/defiant", "*ḥabrê*": "companions/associates/partners", "*gannābîm*": "thieves/robbers", "*ʾōhēb*": "loving/fond of/attached to", "*šōḥad*": "bribe/gift/payoff", "*rōdēp*": "pursuing/chasing/following after", "*šalmōnîm*": "rewards/payments/bribes", "*yišpōṭû*": "they judge/defend/give justice to", "*rîb*": "cause/case/legal claim" } } 24 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.24", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן נְאֻ֤ם הָֽאָדוֹן֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת אֲבִ֖יר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל ה֚וֹי אֶנָּחֵ֣ם מִצָּרַ֔י וְאִנָּקְמָ֖ה מֵאוֹיְבָֽי׃", "text": "*lākēn* *nᵉʾum* *hāʾādôn* *YHWH* *ṣᵉbāʾôt* *ʾăbîr* *yiśrāʾēl* *hôy* *ʾennāḥēm* *miṣṣāray* *wᵉʾinnāqᵉmâ* *mēʾôyᵉbāy*", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*nᵉʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*hāʾādôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ṣᵉbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural - of hosts/armies", "*ʾăbîr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - Mighty One of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hôy*": "interjection - ah/alas", "*ʾennāḥēm*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will be relieved", "*miṣṣāray*": "preposition min + noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - from my adversaries", "*wᵉʾinnāqᵉmâ*": "conjunction wə- + verb, niphal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I will avenge myself", "*mēʾôyᵉbāy*": "preposition min + noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - from my enemies" }, "variants": { "*lākēn*": "therefore/hence/so", "*nᵉʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle", "*hāʾādôn*": "the Lord/Master/Sovereign", "*ṣᵉbāʾôt*": "of hosts/armies/heavenly forces", "*ʾăbîr*": "Mighty One/Champion/Strong One", "*ʾennāḥēm*": "be relieved/be eased/be consoled/get relief", "*miṣṣāray*": "from my adversaries/foes/opponents", "*ʾinnāqᵉmâ*": "avenge myself/take vengeance/get satisfaction", "*mēʾôyᵉbāy*": "from my enemies/foes" } }
• Isa 5:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.7", "source": "כִּ֣י כֶ֜רֶם יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה נְטַ֖ע שַׁעֲשׁוּעָ֑יו וַיְקַ֤ו לְמִשְׁפָּט֙ וְהִנֵּ֣ה מִשְׂפָּ֔ח לִצְדָקָ֖ה וְהִנֵּ֥ה צְעָקָֽה׃", "text": "For *kî* the *kerem* of *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* is *bêt* *yiśrāʾēl*, and *wə*-*ʾîš* *yəhûdâ* is the *neṭaʿ* of his *šaʿăšûʿāyw*; and he *wayəqaw* for *mišpāṭ* but *wəhinnēh* *miśpāḥ*, for *ṣədāqâ* but *wəhinnēh* *ṣəʿāqâ*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kerem*": "masculine singular construct - vineyard of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "masculine plural noun - hosts/armies", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular construct - men of", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*neṭaʿ*": "masculine singular construct - planting of", "*šaʿăšûʿāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his delight", "*wayəqaw*": "piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and he looked for", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - justice", "*wəhinnēh*": "conjunction with demonstrative particle - but behold", "*miśpāḥ*": "masculine singular noun - bloodshed/oppression", "*ṣədāqâ*": "feminine singular noun - righteousness", "*ṣəʿāqâ*": "feminine singular noun - cry/outcry" }, "variants": { "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/celestial bodies", "*neṭaʿ*": "planting/plant/plantation", "*šaʿăšûʿāyw*": "delight/pleasure/joy", "*miśpāḥ*": "bloodshed/oppression/injustice", "*ṣəʿāqâ*": "cry/outcry/distress" } }
• Isa 59:4-7 : 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.59.4", "source": "אֵין־קֹרֵ֣א בְצֶ֔דֶק וְאֵ֥ין נִשְׁפָּ֖ט בֶּאֱמוּנָ֑ה בָּט֤וֹחַ עַל־תֹּ֙הוּ֙ וְדַבֶּר־שָׁ֔וְא הָר֥וֹ עָמָ֖ל וְהוֹלֵ֥יד אָֽוֶן׃", "text": "none-*qōrēʾ* in-*ṣedeq* and-none *nišpāṭ* in-*ʾĕmûnāh* *bāṭôaḥ* upon-*tōhû* and-*dabber-šāwəʾ* *hārô* *ʿāmāl* and-*hôlêd* *ʾāwen*", "grammar": { "*qōrēʾ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - calling/pleading", "*ṣedeq*": "noun, masculine singular - righteousness/justice", "*nišpāṭ*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - judged/pleaded", "*ʾĕmûnāh*": "noun, feminine singular - faithfulness/truth", "*bāṭôaḥ*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - trusting/relying", "*tōhû*": "noun, masculine singular - emptiness/vanity/chaos", "*dabber-šāwəʾ*": "verb phrase, piel infinitive construct + noun - speaking emptiness", "*hārô*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - conceiving/becoming pregnant", "*ʿāmāl*": "noun, masculine singular - trouble/mischief/labor", "*hôlêd*": "verb, hiphil infinitive absolute - bearing/bringing forth", "*ʾāwen*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/wickedness" }, "variants": { "*qōrēʾ*": "calling/pleading/advocating", "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/right", "*nišpāṭ*": "judged/contended/pleaded", "*ʾĕmûnāh*": "faithfulness/truth/honesty", "*bāṭôaḥ*": "trusting/relying/depending", "*tōhû*": "emptiness/chaos/nothingness/vanity", "*šāwəʾ*": "emptiness/falsehood/vanity", "*ʿāmāl*": "trouble/mischief/labor/toil", "*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/wickedness/trouble/sorrow" } } 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.59.5", "source": "בֵּיצֵ֤י צִפְעוֹנִי֙ בִּקֵּ֔עוּ וְקוּרֵ֥י עַכָּבִ֖ישׁ יֶאֱרֹ֑גוּ הָאֹכֵ֤ל מִבֵּֽיצֵיהֶם֙ יָמ֔וּת וְהַזּוּרֶ֖ה תִּבָּקַ֥ע אֶפְעֶֽה׃", "text": "*Bêṣê* *ṣipʿônî* *biqqēʿû* and-*qûrê* *ʿakkābîš* *yeʾĕrōgû* the-*ʾōkēl* from-*bêṣêhem* *yāmût* and-the-*zûreh* *tibbāqaʿ* *ʾepʿeh*", "grammar": { "*Bêṣê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - eggs of", "*ṣipʿônî*": "noun, masculine singular - viper/poisonous snake", "*biqqēʿû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd plural - hatched/broke open", "*qûrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - webs of", "*ʿakkābîš*": "noun, masculine singular - spider", "*yeʾĕrōgû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they weave", "*ʾōkēl*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one eating", "*bêṣêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their eggs", "*yāmût*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - dies/will die", "*zûreh*": "verb, qal passive participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one pressed/crushed", "*tibbāqaʿ*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - breaks forth/hatches", "*ʾepʿeh*": "noun, feminine singular - viper" }, "variants": { "*ṣipʿônî*": "viper/adder/poisonous snake", "*biqqēʿû*": "hatched/broke open", "*ʿakkābîš*": "spider", "*yeʾĕrōgû*": "weave/spin", "*ʾōkēl*": "eater/one who eats", "*yāmût*": "dies/will die", "*zûreh*": "pressed/crushed/squeezed", "*tibbāqaʿ*": "breaks forth/hatches/breaks open", "*ʾepʿeh*": "viper/poisonous snake" } } 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.59.6", "source": "קֽוּרֵיהֶם֙ לֹא־יִהְי֣וּ לְבֶ֔גֶד וְלֹ֥א יִתְכַּסּ֖וּ בְּמַֽעֲשֵׂיהֶ֑ם מַֽעֲשֵׂיהֶם֙ מַֽעֲשֵׂי־אָ֔וֶן וּפֹ֥עַל חָמָ֖ס בְּכַפֵּיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*Qûrêhem* not-*yihyû* for-*beged* and-not *yitkkassû* in-*maʿăśêhem* *maʿăśêhem* *maʿăśê-ʾāwen* and-*pōʿal* *ḥāmās* in-*kappêhem*", "grammar": { "*Qûrêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd plural suffix - their webs", "*yihyû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they will be", "*beged*": "noun, masculine singular - garment/clothing", "*yitkkassû*": "verb, hithpael imperfect, 3rd plural - they cover themselves", "*maʿăśêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd plural suffix - their works/deeds", "*maʿăśê-ʾāwen*": "construct phrase - works of iniquity", "*pōʿal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - act/deed of", "*ḥāmās*": "noun, masculine singular - violence/wrong", "*kappêhem*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd plural suffix - their hands/palms" }, "variants": { "*Qûrêhem*": "their webs/threads", "*beged*": "garment/clothing/covering", "*maʿăśêhem*": "their works/deeds/actions", "*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/wickedness/trouble", "*pōʿal*": "act/deed/work", "*ḥāmās*": "violence/wrong/injustice/cruelty", "*kappêhem*": "their hands/palms" } } 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.59.7", "source": "רַגְלֵיהֶם֙ לָרַ֣ע יָרֻ֔צוּ וִֽימַהֲר֔וּ לִשְׁפֹּ֖ךְ דָּ֣ם נָקִ֑י מַחְשְׁבֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ מַחְשְׁב֣וֹת אָ֔וֶן שֹׁ֥ד וָשֶׁ֖בֶר בִּמְסִלּוֹתָֽם׃", "text": "*Raglêhem* to-*raʿ* *yāruṣû* and-*wîmahărû* to-*šəppōk* *dām* *nāqî* *maḥšəbôtêhem* *maḥšəbôt* *ʾāwen* *šōd* and-*šeber* in-*məsillôtām*", "grammar": { "*Raglêhem*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd plural suffix - their feet", "*raʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - evil/wickedness", "*yāruṣû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they run", "*wîmahărû*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd plural with waw consecutive - they hasten/hurry", "*šəppōk*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to pour out/shed", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*nāqî*": "adjective, masculine singular - innocent", "*maḥšəbôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd plural suffix - their thoughts", "*maḥšəbôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - thoughts of", "*ʾāwen*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/wickedness", "*šōd*": "noun, masculine singular - violence/destruction", "*šeber*": "noun, masculine singular - ruin/breaking", "*məsillôtām*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd plural suffix - their highways/paths" }, "variants": { "*raʿ*": "evil/wickedness/harm", "*yāruṣû*": "run/rush", "*wîmahărû*": "hasten/hurry/make haste", "*šəppōk*": "to pour out/shed", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed", "*nāqî*": "innocent/free from guilt", "*maḥšəbôt*": "thoughts/plans/devices", "*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/wickedness/trouble", "*šōd*": "violence/destruction/devastation", "*šeber*": "ruin/breaking/fracture", "*məsillôtām*": "their highways/paths/roads" } }
• Jer 7:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.6", "source": "גֵּ֣ר יָת֤וֹם וְאַלְמָנָה֙ לֹ֣א תַֽעֲשֹׁ֔קוּ וְדָ֣ם נָקִ֔י אַֽל־תִּשְׁפְּכ֖וּ בַּמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וְאַחֲרֵ֨י אֱלֹהִ֧ים אֲחֵרִ֛ים לֹ֥א תֵלְכ֖וּ לְרַ֥ע לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "*gēr yātôm wĕ*-*ʾalmānāh* not *taʿăšōqû wĕ*-*dām nāqî* not-*tišpĕkû* in-the-*māqôm* the-this *wĕ*-after *ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm* not *tēlĕkû* to-evil to-you", "grammar": { "*gēr*": "noun, masculine singular - stranger/sojourner", "*yātôm*": "noun, masculine singular - orphan/fatherless", "*wĕ*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾalmānāh*": "noun, feminine singular - widow", "*taʿăšōqû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you oppress", "*dām*": "noun, masculine singular - blood", "*nāqî*": "adjective, masculine singular - innocent", "*tišpĕkû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shed/pour out", "*māqôm*": "definite noun, masculine singular - place", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other/strange", "*tēlĕkû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you walk/follow" }, "variants": { "*gēr*": "stranger/sojourner/resident alien", "*yātôm*": "orphan/fatherless child", "*ʾalmānāh*": "widow", "*taʿăšōqû*": "oppress/exploit/treat unjustly", "*dām nāqî*": "innocent blood", "*tišpĕkû*": "shed/pour out/spill", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*tēlĕkû*": "walk/follow/go after" } }
• Jer 9:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.4", "source": "וְאִ֤ישׁ בְּרֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ יְהָתֵ֔לּוּ וֶאֱמֶ֖ת לֹ֣א יְדַבֵּ֑רוּ לִמְּד֧וּ לְשׁוֹנָ֛ם דַּבֶּר־שֶׁ֖קֶר הַעֲוֵ֥ה נִלְאֽוּ׃", "text": "*wĕ'îš* against-*rē'ēhû* *yĕhātēllû* *we'ĕmet* *lō'* *yĕdabbērû* *limdû* *lĕšônām* *dabber*-*šeqer* *ha'ăwēh* *nil'û*", "grammar": { "*wĕ'îš*": "conjunction + masculine noun, singular - and each man", "*rē'ēhû*": "masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition - against his neighbor", "*yĕhātēllû*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural, piel - they deceive/mock", "*we'ĕmet*": "conjunction + feminine noun - and truth", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*yĕdabbērû*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural, piel - they speak", "*limdû*": "perfect verb, 3rd person common plural - they have taught", "*lĕšônām*": "feminine noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their tongue", "*dabber*": "infinitive construct, piel - to speak", "*šeqer*": "masculine noun - falsehood/lie", "*ha'ăwēh*": "infinitive absolute, hiphil - acting perversely", "*nil'û*": "perfect verb, 3rd person common plural, niphal - they are weary/exhausted" }, "variants": { "*rē'ēhû*": "his neighbor/friend/companion", "*yĕhātēllû*": "they deceive/mock/delude", "*'ĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability", "*yĕdabbērû*": "they speak/tell/declare", "*limdû*": "they have taught/trained/instructed", "*lĕšônām*": "their tongue/language/speech", "*dabber*": "to speak/tell/say", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*ha'ăwēh*": "acting perversely/committing iniquity/doing wrong", "*nil'û*": "they are weary/exhausted/tired" } }
• Ezek 22:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.22.13", "source": "וְהִנֵּה֙ הִכֵּ֣יתִי כַפִּ֔י אֶל־בִּצְעֵ֖ךְ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֑ית וְעַל־דָּמֵ֔ךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָי֖וּ בְּתוֹכֵֽךְ׃", "text": "And behold, I have *hikkêṯî* my *kappî* at your *biṣʿēḵ* which you *ʿāśîṯ*, and upon your *dāmēḵ* which *hāyû* in *tôḵēḵ*", "grammar": { "*hikkêṯî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - 'I struck/clapped'", "*kappî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st singular suffix - 'my palm/hand'", "*biṣʿēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your dishonest gain'", "*ʿāśîṯ*": "qal perfect, 2nd feminine singular - 'you made/did'", "*dāmēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your blood'", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - 'they were'", "*tôḵēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'your midst'" }, "variants": { "*hikkêṯî* *kappî*": "I struck my palm/I clapped my hands (gesture of anger or astonishment)", "*biṣʿēḵ*": "your dishonest gain/your profit/your unjust gain", "*dāmēḵ*": "your blood/your bloodshed" } }
• Ezek 45:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.45.9", "source": "כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה רַב־לָכֶם֙ נְשִׂיאֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל חָמָ֤ס וָשֹׁד֙ הָסִ֔ירוּ וּמִשְׁפָּ֥ט וּצְדָקָ֖ה עֲשׂ֑וּ הָרִ֤ימוּ גְרֻשֹֽׁתֵיכֶם֙ מֵעַ֣ל עַמִּ֔י נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃", "text": "Thus *amar* (says) *Adonai* *YHWH*, Enough for you, *nesiey* (princes of) *Yisrael* (Israel)! *Chamas* (violence) and *shod* (destruction) *hasiru* (remove), and *mishpat* (justice) and *tzedaqah* (righteousness) *asu* (do); *harimu* (take away) your *gerushoteikem* (expulsions) from upon my *ami* (people), *neum* (declares) *Adonai* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*amar*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'says/said'", "*Adonai*": "divine title - 'Lord'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*nesiey*": "masculine plural construct - 'princes of'", "*Yisrael*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*Chamas*": "masculine singular noun - 'violence'", "*shod*": "masculine singular noun - 'destruction/devastation'", "*hasiru*": "Hiphil imperative masculine plural - 'remove/put away'", "*mishpat*": "masculine singular noun - 'justice/judgment'", "*tzedaqah*": "feminine singular noun - 'righteousness'", "*asu*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - 'do/practice'", "*harimu*": "Hiphil imperative masculine plural - 'take away/lift off'", "*gerushoteikem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your expulsions'", "*ami*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my people'", "*neum*": "construct state - 'declaration of'" }, "variants": { "*Chamas*": "violence/wrong/injustice", "*shod*": "destruction/devastation/robbery", "*hasiru*": "remove/put away/turn aside", "*mishpat*": "justice/judgment/right", "*tzedaqah*": "righteousness/justice", "*gerushoteikem*": "your expulsions/your exactions/your evictions" } } 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.45.10", "source": "מֹֽאזְנֵי־צֶ֧דֶק וְאֵֽיפַת־צֶ֛דֶק וּבַת־צֶ֖דֶק יְהִ֥י לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "*Moznei*-*tzedeq* (just balances) and *eifat*-*tzedeq* (just ephah) and *bat*-*tzedeq* (just bath) *yehi* (shall be) to you.", "grammar": { "*Moznei*": "masculine plural construct - 'balances of'", "*tzedeq*": "masculine singular noun - 'justice/righteousness'", "*eifat*": "feminine singular construct - 'ephah of'", "*bat*": "feminine singular construct - 'bath of'", "*yehi*": "Qal jussive 3rd person masculine singular - 'let there be/shall be'" }, "variants": { "*Moznei*": "balances/scales", "*tzedeq*": "righteousness/justice/honest", "*eifat*": "ephah (dry measure unit)", "*bat*": "bath (liquid measure unit)" } } 11 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.45.11", "source": "הָאֵיפָ֣ה וְהַבַּ֗ת תֹּ֤כֶן אֶחָד֙ יִֽהְיֶ֔ה לָשֵׂ֕את מַעְשַׂ֥ר הַחֹ֖מֶר הַבָּ֑ת וַעֲשִׂירִ֤ת הַחֹ֙מֶר֙ הָֽאֵיפָ֔ה אֶל־הַחֹ֖מֶר יִהְיֶ֥ה מַתְכֻּנְתּֽוֹ׃", "text": "The *eifah* (ephah) and the *bat* (bath), *token* (measure) *echad* (one) *yihyeh* (shall be), *laset* (to contain) *masar* (tenth) of the *chomer* (homer) the *bat* (bath), and *asirit* (tenth) of the *chomer* (homer) the *eifah* (ephah), to the *chomer* (homer) shall be its *matkunito* (proportion).", "grammar": { "*eifah*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the ephah'", "*bat*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the bath'", "*token*": "masculine singular noun - 'measure/quantity'", "*echad*": "numeral - 'one'", "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'shall be'", "*laset*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to contain/to bear'", "*masar*": "masculine singular construct - 'tenth of'", "*chomer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the homer'", "*asirit*": "feminine singular construct - 'tenth of'", "*matkunito*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'its proportion'" }, "variants": { "*eifah*": "ephah (dry measure unit)", "*bat*": "bath (liquid measure unit)", "*token*": "measure/quantity/content", "*laset*": "to contain/to bear/to carry", "*masar*": "tenth part of", "*chomer*": "homer (unit of volume)", "*asirit*": "tenth part of", "*matkunito*": "its proportion/its standard/its measure" } } 12 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.45.12", "source": "וְהַשֶּׁ֖קֶל עֶשְׂרִ֣ים גֵּרָ֑ה עֶשְׂרִ֨ים שְׁקָלִ֜ים חֲמִשָּׁ֧ה וְעֶשְׂרִ֣ים שְׁקָלִ֗ים עֲשָׂרָ֤ה וַחֲמִשָּׁה֙ שֶׁ֔קֶל הַמָּנֶ֖ה יִֽהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "And the *sheqel* (shekel) twenty *gerah* (gerahs); twenty *sheqalim* (shekels), five and twenty *sheqalim* (shekels), ten and five *sheqel* (shekel), the *maneh* (mina) *yihyeh* (shall be) to you.", "grammar": { "*sheqel*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the shekel'", "*gerah*": "feminine singular noun - 'gerah'", "*sheqalim*": "masculine plural noun - 'shekels'", "*maneh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the mina'", "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'shall be'" }, "variants": { "*sheqel*": "shekel (unit of weight/currency)", "*gerah*": "gerah (small unit of weight)", "*maneh*": "mina (large unit of weight/currency)" } } 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.45.13", "source": "זֹ֥את הַתְּרוּמָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר תָּרִ֑ימוּ שִׁשִּׁ֤ית הָֽאֵיפָה֙ מֵחֹ֣מֶר הַֽחִטִּ֔ים וְשִׁשִּׁיתֶם֙ הָֽאֵיפָ֔ה מֵחֹ֖מֶר הַשְּׂעֹרִֽים׃", "text": "This is the *terumah* (contribution) which you shall *tarimu* (raise up): *shishit* (sixth) of the *eifah* (ephah) from *chomer* (homer) of the *chitim* (wheat), and *shishitem* (you shall give a sixth) of the *eifah* (ephah) from *chomer* (homer) of the *seorim* (barley).", "grammar": { "*terumah*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the contribution'", "*tarimu*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - 'you shall raise/offer'", "*shishit*": "feminine singular construct - 'sixth of'", "*eifah*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the ephah'", "*chomer*": "masculine singular construct - 'homer of'", "*chitim*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - 'the wheat'", "*shishitem*": "Piel perfect 2nd person masculine plural - 'you shall give a sixth'", "*seorim*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - 'the barley'" }, "variants": { "*terumah*": "contribution/offering/heave offering", "*tarimu*": "raise up/offer/contribute", "*shishit*": "sixth part of", "*chitim*": "wheat/grain", "*shishitem*": "you shall give a sixth/you shall reduce to a sixth", "*seorim*": "barley/grain" } } 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.45.14", "source": "וְחֹ֨ק הַשֶּׁ֜מֶן הַבַּ֣ת הַשֶּׁ֗מֶן מַעְשַׂ֤ר הַבַּת֙ מִן־הַכֹּ֔ר עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת הַבַּתִּ֖ים חֹ֑מֶר כִּֽי־עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת הַבַּתִּ֖ים חֹֽמֶר׃", "text": "And *choq* (decree) of the *shemen* (oil), the *bat* (bath) of the *shemen* (oil), *masar* (tenth) of the *bat* (bath) from the *kor* (kor), ten *batim* (baths) *chomer* (homer), for ten *batim* (baths) is a *chomer* (homer).", "grammar": { "*choq*": "masculine singular construct - 'decree of/portion of'", "*shemen*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the oil'", "*bat*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the bath'", "*masar*": "masculine singular construct - 'tenth of'", "*kor*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the kor'", "*batim*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - 'the baths'", "*chomer*": "masculine singular noun - 'homer'" }, "variants": { "*choq*": "decree/portion/statute/allowance", "*shemen*": "oil/olive oil", "*bat*": "bath (liquid measure unit)", "*kor*": "kor (large unit of volume, same as homer)", "*masar*": "tenth part of" } }
• Amos 8:5-6 : 5 { "verseID": "Amos.8.5", "source": "לֵאמֹ֗ר מָתַ֞י יַעֲבֹ֤ר הַחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ וְנַשְׁבִּ֣ירָה שֶּׁ֔בֶר וְהַשַּׁבָּ֖ת וְנִפְתְּחָה־בָּ֑ר לְהַקְטִ֤ין אֵיפָה֙ וּלְהַגְדִּ֣יל שֶׁ֔קֶל וּלְעַוֵּ֖ת מֹאזְנֵ֥י מִרְמָֽה׃", "text": "*lēʾmōr* when *yaʿăbōr* the *ḥōdeš* and *wənašbîrāh* *šeber* and the *šabbāt* and *wəniptəḥāh* *bār* to *ləhaqṭîn* *ʾêpāh* and to *ûləhagdîl* *šeqel* and to *ûləʿawwēt* *mōʾznê* *mirmâ*", "grammar": { "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*mātay*": "interrogative adverb - when", "*yaʿăbōr*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will pass", "*haḥōdeš*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the new moon/month", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*našbîrāh*": "hiphil cohortative, 1st plural - let us sell", "*šeber*": "noun, masculine singular - grain", "*wəhaššabbāt*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the sabbath", "*wəniptəḥāh*": "conjunction + qal cohortative, 1st plural - let us open", "*bār*": "noun, masculine singular - grain", "*ləhaqṭîn*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to make small", "*ʾêpāh*": "noun, feminine singular - ephah (a dry measure)", "*ûləhagdîl*": "conjunction + preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - and to make great", "*šeqel*": "noun, masculine singular - shekel (unit of weight/currency)", "*ûləʿawwēt*": "conjunction + preposition + piel infinitive construct - and to falsify/pervert", "*mōʾznê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - scales/balances of", "*mirmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - deceit/fraud" }, "variants": { "*yaʿăbōr*": "will pass/will be over", "*ḥōdeš*": "new moon/month/festival at new moon", "*našbîrāh*": "let us sell grain/let us market", "*šeber*": "grain/corn/food", "*niptəḥāh*": "let us open/let us begin selling", "*bār*": "grain/corn", "*ləhaqṭîn*": "to make small/to diminish", "*ʾêpāh*": "ephah (measurement of volume)", "*ləhagdîl*": "to make great/to increase", "*šeqel*": "shekel (unit of weight/currency)", "*ləʿawwēt*": "to falsify/to pervert/to distort", "*mōʾznê*": "scales/balances", "*mirmâ*": "deceit/fraud/dishonesty" } } 6 { "verseID": "Amos.8.6", "source": "לִקְנ֤וֹת בַּכֶּ֙סֶף֙ דַּלִּ֔ים וְאֶבְי֖וֹן בַּעֲב֣וּר נַעֲלָ֑יִם וּמַפַּ֥ל בַּ֖ר נַשְׁבִּֽיר׃", "text": "To *liqnôt* with the *kesep* *dallîm* and *ʾebyôn* for *baʿăbûr* *naʿălāyim* and *mappal* *bar* *našbîr*", "grammar": { "*liqnôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to buy/acquire", "*bakkesep*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - with the silver/money", "*dallîm*": "adjective used as noun, masculine plural - poor/weak ones", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾebyôn*": "noun, masculine singular - needy/poor person", "*baʿăbûr*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for the sake of/because of", "*naʿălāyim*": "noun, feminine dual - pair of sandals", "*û-*": "conjunction - and", "*mappal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - refuse/fallen part of", "*bar*": "noun, masculine singular - grain", "*našbîr*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st plural - we will sell" }, "variants": { "*liqnôt*": "to buy/to purchase/to acquire", "*kesep*": "silver/money", "*dallîm*": "poor/weak/low/needy ones", "*ʾebyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute person", "*baʿăbûr*": "for/because of/on account of", "*naʿălāyim*": "pair of sandals/shoes", "*mappal*": "refuse/fallings/chaff/sweepings", "*bar*": "grain/corn", "*našbîr*": "we will sell/we will market" } }
• Mic 2:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Micah.2.2", "source": "וְחָמְדוּ שָׂדוֹת וְגָזָלוּ וּבָתִּים וְנָשָׂאוּ וְעָשְׁקוּ גֶּבֶר וּבֵיתוֹ וְאִישׁ וְנַחֲלָתוֹ", "text": "*wəḥāməḏû* *śāḏôṯ* *wəḡāzālû* *ûḇāttîm* *wənāśāʾû* *wəʿāšəqû* *geḇer* *ûḇêṯô* *wəʾîš* *wənaḥălāṯô*", "grammar": { "*wəḥāməḏû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - and they covet/desire", "*śāḏôṯ*": "noun, masculine plural - fields", "*wəḡāzālû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - and they seize/rob", "*ûḇāttîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and houses", "*wənāśāʾû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - and they take away", "*wəʿāšəqû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - and they oppress", "*geḇer*": "noun, masculine singular - man/strong man", "*ûḇêṯô*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his house", "*wəʾîš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and a man", "*wənaḥălāṯô*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his inheritance" }, "variants": { "*ḥāməḏû*": "covet/desire/take pleasure in", "*śāḏôṯ*": "fields/lands/territory", "*gāzālû*": "seize/rob/take by force", "*nāśāʾû*": "take away/carry off/lift up", "*ʿāšəqû*": "oppress/extort/exploit", "*geḇer*": "man/strong man/warrior", "*naḥălāṯô*": "his inheritance/possession/property" } }
• Zeph 3:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Zephaniah.3.1", "source": "ה֥וֹי מֹרְאָ֖ה וְנִגְאָלָ֑ה הָעִ֖יר הַיּוֹנָֽה", "text": "*Hôy* *mōreʾâ* *wenig'ālâ* the *ʿîr* the *yônâ*", "grammar": { "*Hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*mōreʾâ*": "feminine singular passive participle - rebellious/defiled", "*wenig'ālâ*": "conjunction + feminine singular niphal participle - and polluted/defiled", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular construct - city", "*yônâ*": "feminine singular participle - oppressing/dove-like" }, "variants": { "*Hôy*": "woe/alas/ah", "*mōreʾâ*": "rebellious/defiled/filthy", "*wenig'ālâ*": "and polluted/defiled/stained", "*yônâ*": "oppressing/dove-like/tyrannical" } }
• Zeph 3:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Zephaniah.3.5", "source": "יְהוָ֤ה צַדִּיק֙ בְּקִרְבָּ֔הּ לֹ֥א יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה עַוְלָ֑ה בַּבֹּ֨קֶר בַּבֹּ֜קֶר מִשְׁפָּט֨וֹ יִתֵּ֤ן לָאוֹר֙ לֹ֣א נֶעְדָּ֔ר וְלֹֽא־יוֹדֵ֥עַ עַוָּ֖ל בֹּֽשֶׁת", "text": "*YHWH* *ṣaddîq* in *qirbāh* not *yaʿăśeh* *ʿawelâ*; in *bōqer* in *bōqer* *mišpāṭô* *yittēn* to *ʾôr* not *neʿdār*; and not-*yôdēaʿ* *ʿawwāl* *bōšet*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*ṣaddîq*": "masculine singular adjective - righteous", "*qirbāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix and preposition - in her midst", "*yaʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he does/will do", "*ʿawelâ*": "feminine singular noun - injustice/unrighteousness", "*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun with preposition - in the morning", "*mišpāṭô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his justice/judgment", "*yittēn*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he gives/will give", "*ʾôr*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition - to light", "*neʿdār*": "niphal participle masculine singular - missing/failing", "*yôdēaʿ*": "qal participle masculine singular - knowing", "*ʿawwāl*": "masculine singular noun - unjust one/wrongdoer", "*bōšet*": "feminine singular noun - shame" }, "variants": { "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous/just", "*yaʿăśeh*": "does/will do/commit", "*ʿawelâ*": "injustice/unrighteousness/wrong", "*bōqer*": "morning/dawn", "*mišpāṭô*": "his justice/judgment/verdict", "*yittēn*": "gives/brings/delivers", "*ʾôr*": "to light/daylight", "*neʿdār*": "missing/failing/absent", "*yôdēaʿ*": "knows/recognizes", "*ʿawwāl*": "unjust one/wrongdoer/evildoer", "*bōšet*": "shame/disgrace" } }
• Mal 3:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Malachi.3.5", "source": "וְקָרַבְתִּ֣י אֲלֵיכֶם֮ לַמִּשְׁפָּט֒ וְהָיִ֣יתִי ׀ עֵ֣ד מְמַהֵ֗ר בַּֽמְכַשְּׁפִים֙ וּבַמְנָ֣אֲפִ֔ים וּבַנִּשְׁבָּעִ֖ים לַשָּׁ֑קֶר וּבְעֹשְׁקֵ֣י שְׂכַר־שָׂ֠כִיר אַלְמָנָ֨ה וְיָת֤וֹם וּמַטֵּי־גֵר֙ וְלֹ֣א יְרֵא֔וּנִי אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃", "text": "*We-qaravti* *ʾalekhem* *la-mishpat* *we-hayiti* *ʿed* *memalier* *ba-mekhashephim* *u-va-menaʾafim* *u-va-nishbaʿim* *la-shaqer* *u-ve-ʿosheqe* *sekhar-sakhir* *ʾalmanah* *we-yatom* *u-matte-ger* *we-loʾ* *yereʾuni* *ʾamar* *YHWH* *tsevaʾot*.", "grammar": { "*We-qaravti*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 1st person singular - and I will draw near", "*ʾalekhem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you", "*la-mishpat*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - for judgment", "*we-hayiti*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 1st person singular - and I will be", "*ʿed*": "noun, masculine singular - witness", "*memalier*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - swift/quick/hastening", "*ba-mekhashephim*": "preposition + definite article + Piel participle, masculine plural - against the sorcerers", "*u-va-menaʾafim*": "waw conjunction + preposition + definite article + Piel participle, masculine plural - and against the adulterers", "*u-va-nishbaʿim*": "waw conjunction + preposition + definite article + Niphal participle, masculine plural - and against those who swear", "*la-shaqer*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - falsely/to the falsehood", "*u-ve-ʿosheqe*": "waw conjunction + preposition + Qal participle, masculine plural construct - and against those who oppress", "*sekhar-sakhir*": "noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular - wages of hired worker", "*ʾalmanah*": "noun, feminine singular - widow", "*we-yatom*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and orphan", "*u-matte-ger*": "waw conjunction + Hiphil participle, masculine plural construct + noun, masculine singular - and those who turn aside/thrust away the foreigner", "*we-loʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yereʾuni*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural with 1st person singular suffix - they fear me", "*ʾamar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - says/said", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*tsevaʾot*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies" }, "variants": { "*qaravti*": "draw near/approach/come close", "*mishpat*": "judgment/justice/legal case", "*ʿed*": "witness/testimony", "*memalier*": "quick/swift/hastening/speedy", "*mekhashephim*": "sorcerers/practitioners of magic/witches", "*menaʾafim*": "adulterers/those committing adultery", "*nishbaʿim*": "those who swear/those taking oaths", "*shaqer*": "falsehood/deception/lie", "*ʿosheqe*": "oppressors/exploiters/defrauders", "*sekhar-sakhir*": "wages of hired laborer/payment of worker", "*matte-ger*": "those who turn aside the foreigner/those who pervert the rights of the alien", "*yereʾuni*": "fear me/reverence me/stand in awe of me" } }
• Mark 10:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Mark.10.19", "source": "Τὰς ἐντολὰς οἶδας, Μὴ μοιχεύσῃς, Μὴ φονεύσῃς, Μὴ κλέψῃς, Μὴ ψευδομαρτυρήσῃς, Μὴ ἀποστερήσῃς, Τίμα τὸν πατέρα σου καὶ τὴν μητέρα.", "text": "The *entolas* you *oidas*, *Mē* *moicheusēs*, *Mē* *phoneusēs*, *Mē* *klepsēs*, *Mē* *pseudomartyrēsēs*, *Mē* *aposterēsēs*, *Tima* the *patera* of you and the *mētera*.", "grammar": { "*entolas*": "accusative feminine plural - commandments", "*oidas*": "perfect active indicative, 2nd singular - you know", "*Mē*": "negative particle - not [with subjunctive forms prohibition]", "*moicheusēs*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular - commit adultery", "*phoneusēs*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular - murder/kill", "*klepsēs*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular - steal", "*pseudomartyrēsēs*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular - bear false witness", "*aposterēsēs*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular - defraud/deprive", "*Tima*": "present active imperative, 2nd singular - honor", "*patera*": "accusative masculine singular - father", "*mētera*": "accusative feminine singular - mother" }, "variants": { "*entolas*": "commandments/precepts/instructions", "*oidas*": "know/are aware of/understand", "*moicheusēs*": "commit adultery", "*phoneusēs*": "murder/kill", "*klepsēs*": "steal/take secretly", "*pseudomartyrēsēs*": "bear false witness/testify falsely", "*aposterēsēs*": "defraud/deprive/withhold", "*Tima*": "honor/value/respect" } }
• Luke 12:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Luke.12.5", "source": "Ὑποδείξω δὲ ὑμῖν τίνα φοβηθῆτε: Φοβήθητε τὸν, μετὰ τὸ ἀποκτεῖναι ἐξουσίαν ἔχοντα ἐμβαλεῖν εἰς τὴν γέενναν· ναί, λέγω ὑμῖν, Τοῦτον φοβήθητε.", "text": "*Hypodeixō de* to you whom *phobēthēte*: *Phobēthēte* the one, *meta* the *apokteinai exousian echonta embalein* into the *geennan*; yes, *legō* to you, This one *phobēthēte*.", "grammar": { "*Hypodeixō*": "future active indicative, 1st singular - I will show/warn", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*phobēthēte*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 2nd plural - you should fear", "*Phobēthēte*": "aorist passive imperative, 2nd plural - fear!", "*meta*": "preposition + accusative - after", "*apokteinai*": "aorist active infinitive - to kill", "*exousian*": "accusative singular feminine - authority/power", "*echonta*": "present active participle, accusative singular masculine - having", "*embalein*": "aorist active infinitive - to throw/cast", "*geennan*": "accusative singular feminine - Gehenna/hell", "*legō*": "present active indicative, 1st singular - I say/tell", "*phobēthēte*": "aorist passive imperative, 2nd plural - fear!" }, "variants": { "*Hypodeixō*": "show/warn/indicate", "*phobēthēte*": "fear/be afraid of", "*exousian*": "authority/power/right", "*embalein*": "cast/throw/hurl", "*geennan*": "Gehenna/hell/place of punishment" } }
• Rom 1:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Romans.1.18", "source": "Ἀποκαλύπτεται γὰρ ὀργὴ Θεοῦ ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ ἐπὶ πᾶσαν ἀσέβειαν καὶ ἀδικίαν ἀνθρώπων, τῶν τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐν ἀδικίᾳ κατεχόντων·", "text": "*Apokalyptetai* *gar* *orgē* *Theou* *ap'* *ouranou* *epi* *pasan* *asebeian* *kai* *adikian* *anthrōpōn*, the the *alētheian* *en* *adikia* *katechontōn*·", "grammar": { "*Apokalyptetai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - is revealed", "*gar*": "conjunction - for", "*orgē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - wrath", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*ap'*": "preposition + genitive - from", "*ouranou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - heaven", "*epi*": "preposition + accusative - against", "*pasan*": "accusative, feminine, singular, adjective - all", "*asebeian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - ungodliness", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*adikian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - unrighteousness", "*anthrōpōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of men/people", "*alētheian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - truth", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*adikia*": "dative, feminine, singular - unrighteousness", "*katechontōn*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - holding down/suppressing" }, "variants": { "*Apokalyptetai*": "is revealed/disclosed/uncovered", "*orgē*": "wrath/anger/indignation", "*ouranou*": "heaven/sky", "*asebeian*": "ungodliness/impiety/irreverence", "*adikian*": "unrighteousness/injustice/wrongdoing", "*anthrōpōn*": "of men/people/humankind", "*alētheian*": "truth/reality", "*katechontōn*": "holding down/suppressing/restraining" } }