Verse 19

{ "verseID": "Galatians.3.19", "source": "Τί οὖν ὁ νόμος; Τῶν παραβάσεων χάριν προσετέθη, ἄχρις οὗ ἔλθῃ τὸ σπέρμα ᾧ ἐπήγγελται· διαταγεὶς διʼ ἀγγέλων ἐν χειρὶ μεσίτου.", "text": "What then the *nomos*? Of the *parabaseōn* *charin* it was *prosetethē*, until which should *elthē* the *sperma* to whom it has been *epēngeltai*; having been *diatageis* through *angelōn* in *cheiri* of *mesitou*.", "grammar": { "*nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - law", "*parabaseōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - transgressions/violations", "*charin*": "preposition with genitive - for the sake of/because of", "*prosetethē*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person, singular - was added", "*elthē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person, singular - might come", "*sperma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - seed/offspring", "*epēngeltai*": "perfect, passive, indicative, 3rd person, singular - has been promised", "*diatageis*": "aorist, passive, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having been ordained/arranged", "*angelōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - angels/messengers", "*cheiri*": "dative, feminine, singular - hand", "*mesitou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - mediator/intermediary" }, "variants": { "*nomos*": "law/legal system/Torah", "*parabaseōn*": "transgressions/violations/breaches of law", "*charin*": "for the sake of/because of/on account of", "*prosetethē*": "was added/was introduced", "*elthē*": "might come/should arrive", "*sperma*": "seed/offspring/descendant", "*epēngeltai*": "has been promised/has been announced", "*diatageis*": "having been ordained/arranged/appointed/established", "*angelōn*": "angels/messengers", "*mesitou*": "mediator/intermediary/go-between" } }

Other Translations

• Bibeloversettelse fra KJV1611 og Textus Receptus

  Hvorfor da loven? Den ble lagt til på grunn av overtredelser, inntil det frø skulle komme, til hvem løftet var gitt; og den ble pålagt av engler ved en formidler.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk

  Hva var da loven? Den ble lagt til på grunn av overtredelser, inntil det kom det lovede etterkommet; og den ble ordnet ved engler ved en mellommann.

• Norsk King James

  Hvorfor finnes da loven? Den ble lagt til på grunn av overtredelsene, for at avkommet skulle komme, til hvem løftet var gitt; og den ble ordnet av engler ved hjelp av en mellommann.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Hva skal da loven gjøre? Den ble lagt til for overtredelsenes skyld — inntil den ætten kom som løftet gjaldt for — og ble gitt ved engler ved en mellommanns hånd.

• KJV/Textus Receptus til norsk

  Hvorfor da loven? Den ble lagt til for overtrielsernes skyld, til ætten skulle komme som løftet gjaldt; og den ble gitt ved engler ved en mellommanns hånd.

• Den norske oversettelsen av Det Nye Testamente

  Hva er så lovens hensikt? Den ble lagt til for overtredelsenes skyld, inntil ætten kom som løftet gjelder, og den ble overlevert ved engler i en mellommanns hånd.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Hvorfor tjener loven da? Den ble lagt til på grunn av overtredelsene, inntil ætten kom som hadde fått løftet, og den ble gitt ved engler ved en mellommanns hånd.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Hvorfor trår da loven inn? Den ble lagt til på grunn av overtredelser, inntil det kom et ætt til hvem løftet var gitt, og den ble ordnet av englene med en mellommann.

• gpt4.5-preview

  Hva var da hensikten med loven? Den ble lagt til på grunn av overtredelsene, inntil ætlingen kom som løftet var gitt til, og den ble gitt ved engler, gjennom hånden til en mellommann.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Hva var da hensikten med loven? Den ble lagt til på grunn av overtredelsene, inntil ætlingen kom som løftet var gitt til, og den ble gitt ved engler, gjennom hånden til en mellommann.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Hva er da loven? På grunn av overtredelsene ble den lagt til, inntil ætten som løftet var gitt til skulle komme. Den ble gitt ved budbærere gjennom en formidler.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Why, then, was the law given? It was added because of transgressions until the Seed to whom the promise was made would come. It was administered through angels by a mediator.

• NT, oversatt fra gresk Aug2024

  Hva skal så loven være til? Den ble lagt til for å gjøre overtredelsene tydelige, inntil ætten skulle komme som løftet gjaldt. Den ble gitt ved engler, i en mellommanns hånd.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Hvad skal da Loven? Den blev føiet til for Overtrædelsers Skyld, — indtil den Sæd kom, hvem Forjættelsen gjældte — og betjent af Engle, ved en Midlers Haand.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Wherefore then serveth the law? It was added because of transgressions, till the seed should come to whom the promise was made; and it was ordained by angels in the hand of a mediator.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Hvorfor, da, loven? Den ble lagt til for overtredelsenes skyld, inntil ætten skulle komme, som løftet var gitt til. Den ble ordnet gjennom engler ved en mellommann.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Why then serves the law? It was added because of transgressions, until the seed should come to whom the promise was made, and it was ordained by angels in the hand of a mediator.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Wherefore then serveth the law? It was added because of transgressions, till the seed should come to whom the promise was made; and it was ordained by angels in the hand of a mediator.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Hva er da loven? Den ble lagt til for overtredelsers skyld, inntil ætten skulle komme som løftet var gitt til. Den ble gitt ved engler, gjennom en mellommann.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Hvorfor da loven? På grunn av overtredelsene ble den lagt til, inntil ætten skulle komme som har fått løftet, beordret gjennom engler ved en mellommann.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Hva så med loven? Den ble lagt til på grunn av overtredelser, inntil ætten skulle komme som løftet var til, gitt gjennom engler ved en mellommanns hånd.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Hvorfor loven da? Den ble lagt til for overtredelsenes skyld, inntil ætten kom som løftet gjaldt; og den ble gitt ved engler ved en mellommanns hånd.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Wherfore then serveth ye lawe? The lawe was added because of transgression (tyll the seed cam to which ye promes was made) and it was ordeyned by angels in ye honde of a mediator.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Wherfore the serueth the lawe? It was added because of trangression, tyll the sede came, to the which the promes was made. And it was geuen of angels, by the hande of the mediatoure.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Wherefore then serueth the Law? It was added because of the transgressions, til the seed came, vnto the which the promise was made: and it was ordeined by Angels in the hande of a Mediatour.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Wherfore then serueth the lawe? It was added because of transgressions, tyl the seede came to whom the promise was made: and it was ordayned by Angels in the hande of a mediatour.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ Wherefore then [serveth] the law? It was added because of transgressions, till the seed should come to whom the promise was made; [and it was] ordained by angels in the hand of a mediator.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  What then is the law? It was added because of transgressions, until the seed should come to whom the promise has been made. It was ordained through angels by the hand of a mediator.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Why, then, the law? on account of the transgressions it was added, till the seed might come to which the promise hath been made, having been set in order through messengers in the hand of a mediator --

• American Standard Version (1901)

  What then is the law? It was added because of transgressions, till the seed should come to whom the promise hath been made; [and it was] ordained through angels by the hand of a mediator.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  What then is the law? It was an addition made because of sin, till the coming of the seed to whom the undertaking had been given; and it was ordered through angels by the hand of a go-between.

• World English Bible (2000)

  What then is the law? It was added because of transgressions, until the seed should come to whom the promise has been made. It was ordained through angels by the hand of a mediator.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Why then was the law given? It was added because of transgressions, until the arrival of the descendant to whom the promise had been made. It was administered through angels by an intermediary.

Referenced Verses

• Acts 7:53 : 53 { "verseID": "Acts.7.53", "source": "Οἵτινες ἐλάβετε τὸν νόμον εἰς διαταγὰς ἀγγέλων, καὶ οὐκ ἐφυλάξατε.", "text": "Who *elabete* the *nomon* unto *diatagas* of-*angelōn*, and not *ephylaxate*.", "grammar": { "*elabete*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd plural - received", "*nomon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - law", "*diatagas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - ordinances/arrangements", "*angelōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - angels/messengers", "*ephylaxate*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd plural - kept/guarded" }, "variants": { "*elabete*": "received/obtained/took", "*nomon*": "law/code/ordinance", "*diatagas*": "ordinances/arrangements/directions", "*angelōn*": "angels/messengers", "*ephylaxate*": "kept/guarded/observed" } }
• Gal 3:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Galatians.3.16", "source": "Τῷ δὲ Ἀβραὰμ ἐρρήθησαν αἱ ἐπαγγελίαι καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ. Οὐ Λέγει, Καὶ τοῖς σπέρμασιν, ὡς ἐπὶ πολλῶν· ἀλλʼ ὡς ἐφʼ ἑνός, Καὶ τῷ σπέρματί σου, ὅς ἐστιν Χριστός.", "text": "Now to *Abraam* were *errēthēsan* the *epangeliai* and to the *spermati* of him. Not he *Legei*, 'And to the *spermasin*,' as of many; but as of one, 'And to the *spermati* of you,' who *estin* *Christos*.", "grammar": { "*Abraam*": "dative, masculine, singular - Abraham", "*errēthēsan*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person, plural - were spoken/said", "*epangeliai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - promises", "*spermati*": "dative, neuter, singular - seed/offspring", "*Legei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - He says/it says", "*spermasin*": "dative, neuter, plural - seeds/offspring (plural)", "*spermati*": "dative, neuter, singular - seed/offspring", "*estin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - is", "*Christos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Christ/Messiah/Anointed One" }, "variants": { "*errēthēsan*": "were spoken/were said/were promised", "*epangeliai*": "promises/announcements", "*spermati*": "seed/offspring/descendant", "*Legei*": "He says/it says/Scripture says", "*spermasin*": "seeds/offspring (plural)/descendants", "*Christos*": "Christ/Messiah/Anointed One" } }
• Rom 7:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Romans.7.7", "source": "Τί οὖν ἐροῦμεν; ὁ νόμος ἁμαρτία; Μὴ γένοιτο. Ἀλλὰ, τὴν ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ ἔγνων, εἰ μὴ διὰ νόμου: τήν τε γὰρ ἐπιθυμίαν οὐκ ᾔδειν, εἰ μὴ ὁ νόμος ἔλεγεν, Οὐκ ἐπιθυμήσεις.", "text": "What then shall we *eroumen*? The *nomos* is *hamartia*? *Mē genoito*. But, the *hamartian* I did not *egnōn*, except through *nomou*: for the *epithymian* I had not *ēdein*, except the *nomos* was saying, You shall not *epithymēseis*.", "grammar": { "*Ti oun*": "interrogative pronoun + conjunction - what then", "*eroumen*": "future indicative active, 1st person plural - we will say", "*ho nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - the law", "*hamartia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - sin", "*Mē genoito*": "aorist optative middle, 3rd person singular + negative - may it not be/let it not be", "*tēn hamartian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the sin", "*ouk egnōn*": "aorist indicative active, 1st person singular + negative - I did not know", "*ei mē*": "conditional expression - except/if not", "*dia nomou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - through law", "*tēn te gar epithymian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - for the lust/desire", "*ouk ēdein*": "pluperfect indicative active, 1st person singular + negative - I had not known", "*ho nomos elegen*": "imperfect indicative active, 3rd person singular - the law was saying", "*Ouk epithymēseis*": "future indicative active, 2nd person singular + negative - You shall not covet/desire" }, "variants": { "*nomos*": "law/Torah/legal code", "*hamartia*": "sin/moral failure/offense", "*Mē genoito*": "may it never be/certainly not/God forbid", "*egnōn*": "knew/recognized/understood", "*epithymian*": "desire/lust/craving/coveting", "*ēdein*": "had known/understood/been aware of", "*epithymēseis*": "you shall covet/desire/crave wrongfully" } } 8 { "verseID": "Romans.7.8", "source": "Ἀφορμὴν δὲ λαβοῦσα ἡ ἁμαρτία, διὰ τῆς ἐντολῆς, κατειργάσατο ἐν ἐμοὶ πᾶσαν ἐπιθυμίαν. Χωρὶς γὰρ νόμου ἁμαρτία νεκρά.", "text": "But *aphormēn labhousa hē hamartia*, through the *entolēs*, *kateirgasato en emoi pasan epithymian*. For *chōris nomou hamartia nekra*.", "grammar": { "*Aphormēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - opportunity/occasion/starting point", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*labhousa*": "aorist active participle, nominative, feminine, singular - having taken", "*hē hamartia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the sin", "*dia tēs entolēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - through the commandment", "*kateirgasato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - worked/produced/accomplished", "*en emoi*": "dative, 1st person singular - in me", "*pasan epithymian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - all desire/every kind of desire", "*Chōris*": "preposition + genitive - apart from/without", "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*nomou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - law", "*hamartia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - sin", "*nekra*": "adjective, nominative, feminine, singular - dead" }, "variants": { "*aphormēn*": "opportunity/occasion/base of operations/starting point", "*labhousa*": "taking/seizing/grasping", "*hamartia*": "sin/moral failure/wrongdoing", "*entolēs*": "commandment/precept/order", "*kateirgasato*": "produced/accomplished/worked out/brought about", "*epithymian*": "desire/lust/craving/coveting", "*chōris*": "apart from/without/separated from", "*nekra*": "dead/lifeless/powerless" } } 9 { "verseID": "Romans.7.9", "source": "Ἐγὼ δὲ ἔζων χωρὶς νόμου ποτέ: ἐλθούσης δὲ τῆς ἐντολῆς, ἡ ἁμαρτία ἀνέζησεν,", "text": "And I *ezōn chōris nomou pote*: but *elthousēs tēs entolēs*, *hē hamartia anezēsen*,", "grammar": { "*Egō*": "pronoun, nominative, 1st person singular - I", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*ezōn*": "imperfect indicative active, 1st person singular - was living/was alive", "*chōris nomou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - without law", "*pote*": "temporal adverb - once/formerly", "*elthousēs*": "aorist active participle, genitive, feminine, singular - having come", "*tēs entolēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - the commandment", "*hē hamartia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the sin", "*anezēsen*": "aorist indicative active, 3rd person singular - came to life/revived" }, "variants": { "*ezōn*": "was living/was alive/existed", "*chōris*": "apart from/without/separated from", "*nomou*": "law/Torah/code", "*pote*": "once/at one time/formerly", "*elthousēs*": "having come/arrived/appeared", "*entolēs*": "commandment/precept/order", "*anezēsen*": "came to life/revived/sprang to life/became active" } } 10 { "verseID": "Romans.7.10", "source": "ἐγὼ δὲ ἀπέθανον. ⋄Καὶ εὑρέθη μοι ἡ ἐντολὴ, ἡ εἰς ζωήν, αὕτη εἰς θάνατον.", "text": "but I *apethanon*. And *heurethē moi hē entolē*, the one unto *zōēn*, *hautē* unto *thanaton*.", "grammar": { "*egō de*": "nominative, 1st person singular + conjunction - but I", "*apethanon*": "aorist indicative active, 1st person singular - I died", "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*heurethē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was found", "*moi*": "dative, 1st person singular - to me/for me", "*hē entolē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the commandment", "*hē eis zōēn*": "articular prepositional phrase - the one for life", "*hautē*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular - this same", "*eis thanaton*": "prepositional phrase - for death" }, "variants": { "*apethanon*": "died/perished/became dead", "*heurethē*": "was found/discovered/proven to be", "*entolē*": "commandment/precept/order", "*zōēn*": "life/existence", "*hautē*": "this same/this very", "*thanaton*": "death/mortality" } } 11 { "verseID": "Romans.7.11", "source": "Ἡ γὰρ ἁμαρτία, ἀφορμὴν λαβοῦσα διὰ τῆς ἐντολῆς, ἐξηπάτησέν με, καὶ διʼ αὐτῆς ἀπέκτεινεν.", "text": "For *hē hamartia*, *aphormēn labhousa dia tēs entolēs*, *exēpatēsen me*, and through *autēs apekteinen*.", "grammar": { "*Hē gar hamartia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - for the sin", "*aphormēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - opportunity/occasion", "*labhousa*": "aorist active participle, nominative, feminine, singular - having taken", "*dia tēs entolēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - through the commandment", "*exēpatēsen*": "aorist indicative active, 3rd person singular - deceived/seduced", "*me*": "accusative, 1st person singular - me", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*di' autēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - through it", "*apekteinen*": "aorist indicative active, 3rd person singular - killed" }, "variants": { "*hamartia*": "sin/wrongdoing", "*aphormēn*": "opportunity/occasion/starting point/base of operations", "*labhousa*": "taking/seizing/grasping", "*entolēs*": "commandment/precept", "*exēpatēsen*": "deceived/thoroughly deceived/seduced/beguiled", "*apekteinen*": "killed/put to death/slew" } } 12 { "verseID": "Romans.7.12", "source": "Ὥστε ὁ μὲν νόμος ἅγιος, καὶ ἡ ἐντολὴ ἁγία, καὶ δικαία, καὶ ἀγαθή.", "text": "So that the *men nomos hagios*, and the *entolē hagia*, and *dikaia*, and *agathē*.", "grammar": { "*Hōste*": "conjunction - so that/therefore", "*ho men nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - the law (with *men* anticipating a contrast)", "*hagios*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - holy", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*hē entolē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the commandment", "*hagia*": "adjective, nominative, feminine, singular - holy", "*dikaia*": "adjective, nominative, feminine, singular - righteous/just", "*agathē*": "adjective, nominative, feminine, singular - good" }, "variants": { "*nomos*": "law/Torah/code", "*hagios/hagia*": "holy/set apart/sacred", "*dikaia*": "righteous/just/upright", "*agathē*": "good/beneficial/useful" } } 13 { "verseID": "Romans.7.13", "source": "Τὸ οὖν ἀγαθὸν ἐμοὶ γέγονεν θάνατος; Μὴ γένοιτο. Ἀλλὰ ἡ ἁμαρτία, ἵνα φανῇ ἁμαρτία, διὰ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ μοι κατεργαζομένη θάνατον· ἵνα γένηται καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν ἁμαρτωλὸς ἡ ἁμαρτία διὰ τῆς ἐντολῆς.", "text": "The *oun agathon emoi gegonen thanatos*? *Mē genoito*. But *hē hamartia*, that *phanē hamartia*, through the *agathou moi katergazomenē thanaton*; that might *genētai kath' hyperbolēn hamartōlos hē hamartia dia tēs entolēs*.", "grammar": { "*To oun agathon*": "nominative, neuter, singular - the good thing therefore", "*emoi*": "dative, 1st person singular - to me", "*gegonen*": "perfect indicative active, 3rd person singular - has become", "*thanatos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - death", "*Mē genoito*": "aorist optative middle, 3rd person singular + negative - may it not be", "*Alla hē hamartia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - but the sin", "*hina*": "conjunction - in order that/so that", "*phanē*": "aorist subjunctive passive, 3rd person singular - might appear/be shown", "*hamartia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - sin", "*dia tou agathou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - through the good thing", "*moi*": "dative, 1st person singular - to me", "*katergazomenē*": "present middle participle, nominative, feminine, singular - working/producing", "*thanaton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - death", "*hina*": "conjunction - in order that", "*genētai*": "aorist subjunctive middle, 3rd person singular - might become", "*kath' hyperbolēn*": "adverbial phrase - exceedingly/beyond measure", "*hamartōlos*": "adjective, nominative, feminine, singular - sinful", "*hē hamartia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the sin", "*dia tēs entolēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - through the commandment" }, "variants": { "*agathon*": "good thing/good object/what is good", "*gegonen*": "has become/turned into", "*thanatos*": "death/mortality", "*Mē genoito*": "may it never be/certainly not/God forbid", "*phanē*": "might appear/be shown/become visible", "*katergazomenē*": "working/producing/bringing about/accomplishing", "*kath' hyperbolēn*": "exceedingly/beyond measure/excessively", "*hamartōlos*": "sinful/full of sin/utterly sinful", "*entolēs*": "commandment/precept" } }
• Heb 2:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Hebrews.2.2", "source": "Εἰ γὰρ ὁ διʼ ἀγγέλων λαληθεὶς λόγος ἐγένετο βέβαιος, καὶ πᾶσα παράβασις καὶ παρακοὴ ἔλαβεν ἔνδικον μισθαποδοσίαν·", "text": "If *gar* the through *angelon* *lalētheis logos egeneto bebaios*, and every *parabasis* and *parakoē elaben endikon misthapodosian*;", "grammar": { "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*angelon*": "genitive plural - of angels/messengers", "*lalētheis*": "aorist passive participle, nominative masculine singular - having been spoken", "*logos*": "nominative masculine singular - word/message", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular - became", "*bebaios*": "adjective, nominative masculine singular - firm/steadfast/valid", "*parabasis*": "nominative feminine singular - transgression/violation", "*parakoē*": "nominative feminine singular - disobedience/inattention", "*elaben*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - received", "*endikon*": "adjective, accusative feminine singular - just/righteous", "*misthapodosian*": "accusative feminine singular - recompense/retribution/payment" }, "variants": { "*angelon*": "angels/messengers", "*logos*": "word/message/declaration", "*bebaios*": "firm/steadfast/valid/confirmed", "*parabasis*": "transgression/violation/overstepping", "*parakoē*": "disobedience/inattention/refusal to hear", "*misthapodosian*": "recompense/retribution/payment of wages" } }
• Deut 5:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.5", "source": "אָ֠נֹכִי עֹמֵ֨ד בֵּין־יְהוָ֤ה וּבֵֽינֵיכֶם֙ בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֔וא לְהַגִּ֥יד לָכֶ֖ם אֶת־דְּבַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֤י יְרֵאתֶם֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י הָאֵ֔שׁ וְלֹֽא־עֲלִיתֶ֥ם בָּהָ֖ר לֵאמֹֽר", "text": "*ʾānōkî* *ʿōmēd* between-*YHWH* and-between-you in-the-*ʿēt* the-that to-*ləhaggîd* to-you *ʾet*-*dəbar* *YHWH* *kî* *yərēʾtem* from-*pənê* the-*ʾēš* and-not-*ʿălîtem* in-the-*hār* to-say", "grammar": { "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun 1cs - I", "*ʿōmēd*": "Qal participle masculine singular - standing", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʿēt*": "common noun, feminine singular - time", "*ləhaggîd*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to tell/declare", "*dəbar*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - word of", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yərēʾtem*": "Qal perfect 2mp - you feared", "*pənê*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*ʾēš*": "common noun, feminine singular - fire", "*ʿălîtem*": "Qal perfect 2mp - you went up" }, "variants": { "*ʿōmēd*": "standing/positioned/mediating", "*ʿēt*": "time/occasion/period", "*ləhaggîd*": "to tell/to declare/to report", "*dəbar*": "word/message/command", "*yərēʾtem*": "you feared/you were afraid/you were in awe" } }
• Acts 7:38 : 38 { "verseID": "Acts.7.38", "source": "Οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ γενόμενος ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, μετὰ τοῦ ἀγγέλου τοῦ λαλοῦντος αὐτῷ ἐν τῷ ὄρει Σινᾶ, καὶ τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν: ὃς ἐδέξατο λόγια ζῶντα δοῦναι ἡμῖν:", "text": "This *estin* the *genomenos* *en* the *ekklēsia* *en* the *erēmō*, *meta* the *angelou* the *lalountos* to him *en* the *orei* *Sina*, *kai* of the *paterōn* of us: who *edexato* *logia* *zōnta* *dounai* to us:", "grammar": { "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*genomenos*": "aorist middle participle, nominative masculine singular - having been", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*ekklēsia*": "dative feminine singular - assembly/congregation", "*erēmō*": "dative feminine singular - wilderness/desert", "*meta*": "preposition + genitive - with", "*angelou*": "genitive masculine singular - angel/messenger", "*lalountos*": "present active participle, genitive masculine singular - speaking", "*orei*": "dative neuter singular - mountain", "*Sina*": "genitive - Sinai", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*paterōn*": "genitive masculine plural - fathers/ancestors", "*edexato*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - received", "*logia*": "accusative neuter plural - oracles/sayings", "*zōnta*": "present active participle, accusative neuter plural - living", "*dounai*": "aorist active infinitive - to give" }, "variants": { "*genomenos*": "having been/come to be/was", "*ekklēsia*": "assembly/congregation/gathering", "*erēmō*": "wilderness/desert/desolate place", "*angelou*": "angel/messenger", "*lalountos*": "speaking/talking/addressing", "*orei*": "mountain/mount", "*paterōn*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*edexato*": "received/accepted/took", "*logia*": "oracles/sayings/divine utterances", "*zōnta*": "living/alive/active" } }
• Rom 4:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Romans.4.15", "source": "Ὁ γὰρ νόμος ὀργὴν κατεργάζεται: οὗ γὰρ οὐκ ἔστιν νόμος, οὐδὲ παράβασις.", "text": "The *gar* *nomos* *orgēn* *katergazetai*: where *gar* not *estin* *nomos*, neither *parabasis*.", "grammar": { "*Ho*": "nominative, masculine, singular article - the", "*gar*": "explanatory conjunction - for", "*nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - law", "*orgēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - wrath", "*katergazetai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd person singular - produces/works out", "*hou*": "relative adverb - where", "*gar*": "explanatory conjunction - for", "*ouk estin*": "present active indicative with negative, 3rd person singular - is not", "*nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - law", "*oude*": "negative conjunction - neither/nor", "*parabasis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - transgression" }, "variants": { "*nomos*": "law/legal system", "*orgēn*": "wrath/anger/punishment", "*katergazetai*": "produces/works out/brings about", "*estin*": "is/exists", "*parabasis*": "transgression/violation/crossing over" } }
• Rom 5:20-21 : 20 { "verseID": "Romans.5.20", "source": "Νόμος δὲ παρεισῆλθεν, ἵνα πλεονάσῃ τὸ παράπτωμα. Οὗ δὲ ἐπλεόνασεν ἡ ἁμαρτία, ὑπερεπερίσσευσεν ἡ χάρις:", "text": "*Nomos de pareisēlthen*, in order that might *pleonasē* the *paraptōma*. Where *de epleonasen* the *hamartia*, *hypereperisseusen* the *charis*:", "grammar": { "*Nomos*": "nominative singular masculine - law", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*pareisēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - came in alongside/entered secretly", "*pleonasē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might abound/increase", "*paraptōma*": "nominative singular neuter - trespass/offense", "*epleonasen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - abounded/increased", "*hamartia*": "nominative singular feminine - sin", "*hypereperisseusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - superabounded/abounded much more", "*charis*": "nominative singular feminine - grace" }, "variants": { "*Nomos*": "law/legal system/rule", "*pareisēlthen*": "came in alongside/entered secretly/came in besides", "*pleonasē*": "might abound/increase/multiply", "*paraptōma*": "trespass/offense/transgression/fall", "*epleonasen*": "abounded/increased/multiplied", "*hamartia*": "sin/wrongdoing/missing the mark", "*hypereperisseusen*": "superabounded/abounded much more/overflowed exceedingly", "*charis*": "grace/favor/kindness" } } 21 { "verseID": "Romans.5.21", "source": "Ἵνα ὥσπερ ἐβασίλευσεν ἡ ἁμαρτία ἐν τῷ θανάτῳ, οὕτως καὶ ἡ χάρις βασιλεύσῃ διὰ δικαιοσύνης εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν.", "text": "In order that just as *ebasileusen* the *hamartia* in the *thanatō*, thus also the *charis basileus* through *dikaiosynēs* to *zōēn aiōnion* through *Iēsou Christou* the *Kyriou* of us.", "grammar": { "*ebasileusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - reigned/ruled", "*hamartia*": "nominative singular feminine - sin", "*thanatō*": "dative singular masculine - death", "*charis*": "nominative singular feminine - grace", "*basileus*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might reign/rule", "*dikaiosynēs*": "genitive singular feminine - righteousness", "*zōēn*": "accusative singular feminine - life", "*aiōnion*": "accusative singular feminine - eternal/everlasting", "*Iēsou Christou*": "genitive singular masculine - of Jesus Christ", "*Kyriou*": "genitive singular masculine - Lord" }, "variants": { "*ebasileusen*": "reigned/ruled/was king", "*hamartia*": "sin/wrongdoing/missing the mark", "*thanatō*": "death/mortality", "*charis*": "grace/favor/kindness", "*basileus*": "might reign/rule/be king", "*dikaiosynēs*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*zōēn aiōnion*": "eternal life/everlasting life", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/master/owner" } }
• Gal 3:21-25 : 21 { "verseID": "Galatians.3.21", "source": "Ὁ οὖν νόμος κατὰ τῶν ἐπαγγελιῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ; μὴ γένοιτο: εἰ γὰρ ἐδόθη νόμος ὁ δυνάμενος ζωοποιῆσαι, ὄντως ἂν ἐκ νόμου ἦν ἡ δικαιοσύνη.", "text": "The therefore *nomos* against the *epangeliōn* of *Theou*? *Mē genoito*: for if was *edothē* *nomos* the *dynamenos* to *zōopoiēsai*, truly would out of *nomou* have been the *dikaiosynē*.", "grammar": { "*nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - law", "*epangeliōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - promises", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*Mē genoito*": "aorist, middle, optative, 3rd person, singular - may it not be/by no means", "*edothē*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person, singular - was given", "*nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - law", "*dynamenos*": "present, middle/passive, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being able", "*zōopoiēsai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to make alive/give life", "*nomou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - law", "*dikaiosynē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - righteousness" }, "variants": { "*nomos*": "law/legal system/Torah", "*epangeliōn*": "promises/announcements", "*Mē genoito*": "may it not be/by no means/certainly not/God forbid", "*dynamenos*": "being able/having the power", "*zōopoiēsai*": "to make alive/give life/vivify", "*dikaiosynē*": "righteousness/justice/rightness" } } 22 { "verseID": "Galatians.3.22", "source": "Ἀλλὰ συνέκλεισεν ἡ γραφὴ τὰ πάντα ὑπὸ ἁμαρτίαν, ἵνα ἡ ἐπαγγελία ἐκ πίστεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ δοθῇ τοῖς πιστεύουσιν.", "text": "But *synekleisen* the *graphē* the all under *hamartian*, in order that the *epangelia* out of *pisteōs* of *Iēsou* *Christou* might *dothē* to the ones *pisteuousin*.", "grammar": { "*synekleisen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - confined/imprisoned/locked up together", "*graphē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - Scripture/writing", "*hamartian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sin", "*epangelia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - promise", "*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - faith/belief/trust", "*Iēsou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Christ/Messiah/Anointed One", "*dothē*": "aorist, passive, subjunctive, 3rd person, singular - might be given", "*pisteuousin*": "present, active, participle, dative, masculine, plural - believing/trusting" }, "variants": { "*synekleisen*": "confined/imprisoned/locked up together/enclosed completely", "*graphē*": "Scripture/writing/passage", "*hamartian*": "sin/wrongdoing", "*epangelia*": "promise/announcement", "*pisteōs*": "faith/belief/trust/faithfulness", "*dothē*": "might be given/granted", "*pisteuousin*": "believing/trusting/having faith" } } 23 { "verseID": "Galatians.3.23", "source": "Πρὸ τοῦ δὲ ἐλθεῖν τὴν πίστιν, ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα, συγκεκλεισμένοι εἰς τὴν μέλλουσαν πίστιν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι.", "text": "Before the but *elthein* the *pistin*, under *nomon* we were *ephrouroumetha*, having been *synkekleismenoi* unto the about to be *pistin* *apokalyphthēnai*.", "grammar": { "*elthein*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to come", "*pistin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - faith", "*nomon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - law", "*ephrouroumetha*": "imperfect, passive, indicative, 1st person, plural - we were guarded/kept in custody", "*synkekleismenoi*": "perfect, passive, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having been confined/imprisoned", "*pistin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - faith", "*apokalyphthēnai*": "aorist, passive, infinitive - to be revealed/disclosed" }, "variants": { "*elthein*": "to come/arrive", "*pistin*": "faith/belief/trust/faithfulness", "*nomon*": "law/legal system/Torah", "*ephrouroumetha*": "we were guarded/kept in custody/kept under guard", "*synkekleismenoi*": "having been confined/imprisoned/locked up together", "*apokalyphthēnai*": "to be revealed/disclosed/uncovered" } } 24 { "verseID": "Galatians.3.24", "source": "Ὥστε ὁ νόμος παιδαγωγὸς ἡμῶν γέγονεν εἰς Χριστόν, ἵνα ἐκ πίστεως δικαιωθῶμεν.", "text": "So that the *nomos* *paidagōgos* of us has *gegonen* unto *Christon*, in order that out of *pisteōs* we might be *dikaiōthōmen*.", "grammar": { "*nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - law", "*paidagōgos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - guardian/tutor", "*gegonen*": "perfect, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - has become/has been", "*Christon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Christ", "*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - faith/belief/trust", "*dikaiōthōmen*": "aorist, passive, subjunctive, 1st person, plural - we might be justified/declared righteous" }, "variants": { "*nomos*": "law/legal system/Torah", "*paidagōgos*": "guardian/tutor/custodian/child-leader", "*gegonen*": "has become/has been/has turned out to be", "*pisteōs*": "faith/belief/trust/faithfulness", "*dikaiōthōmen*": "we might be justified/declared righteous/acquitted" } } 25 { "verseID": "Galatians.3.25", "source": "Ἐλθούσης δὲ τῆς πίστεως, οὐκέτι ὑπὸ παιδαγωγόν ἐσμεν.", "text": "Having *elthousēs* now the *pisteōs*, no longer under *paidagōgon* we *esmen*.", "grammar": { "*elthousēs*": "aorist, active, participle, genitive, feminine, singular - having come", "*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - faith", "*paidagōgon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - guardian/tutor", "*esmen*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person, plural - we are" }, "variants": { "*elthousēs*": "having come/arrived", "*pisteōs*": "faith/belief/trust/faithfulness", "*paidagōgon*": "guardian/tutor/custodian/child-leader" } }
• Gal 4:1-4 : 1 { "verseID": "Galatians.4.1", "source": "¶Λέγω δέ, ἐφʼ ὅσον χρόνον ὁ κληρονόμος, νήπιός ἐστιν, οὐδὲν διαφέρει δούλου, κύριος πάντων ὤν·", "text": "I *legō* *de*, for as much *chronos* the *klēronomos*, *nēpios* *estin*, nothing *diapherei* from *doulos*, *kyrios* of all *ōn*", "grammar": { "*legō*": "present indicative active, 1st person singular - I say/speak", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now", "*chronos*": "accusative, masculine, singular - time/period", "*klēronomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - heir", "*nēpios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - infant/minor/immature person", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*diapherei*": "present indicative active, 3rd person singular - differs/distinguishes", "*doulos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - slave/servant", "*kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - lord/master/owner", "*ōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being" }, "variants": { "*legō*": "say/speak/tell", "*de*": "but/and/now (transitional)", "*chronos*": "time/duration/period", "*klēronomos*": "heir/inheritor", "*nēpios*": "infant/child/minor/immature person", "*diapherei*": "differs/distinguishes/excels", "*doulos*": "slave/servant/bondservant", "*kyrios*": "lord/master/owner", "*ōn*": "being/existing/while being" } } 2 { "verseID": "Galatians.4.2", "source": "Ἀλλὰ ὑπὸ ἐπιτρόπους ἐστὶν καὶ οἰκονόμους ἄχρι τῆς προθεσμίας τοῦ πατρός.", "text": "But *hypo epitropous estin* and *oikonomous achri* the *prothesmias* of the *patros*", "grammar": { "*hypo*": "preposition with accusative - under", "*epitropous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - guardians/trustees", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - is/exists", "*oikonomous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - stewards/managers", "*achri*": "preposition with genitive - until/as far as", "*prothesmias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - appointed time/set date", "*patros*": "genitive, masculine, singular - father" }, "variants": { "*epitropous*": "guardians/trustees/overseers", "*oikonomous*": "stewards/managers/administrators", "*achri*": "until/as far as/up to", "*prothesmias*": "appointed time/set date/deadline", "*patros*": "father/head of family" } } 3 { "verseID": "Galatians.4.3", "source": "Οὕτως Καὶ ἡμεῖς, ὅτε ἦμεν νήπιοι, ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου ἤμεν δεδουλωμένοι:", "text": "*Houtōs* and we, when we *ēmen nēpioi*, *hypo* the *stoicheia* of the *kosmos* we *ēmen dedoulōmenoi*", "grammar": { "*houtōs*": "adverb - thus/in this manner", "*ēmen*": "imperfect indicative, 1st person plural - we were", "*nēpioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - infants/minors", "*hypo*": "preposition with accusative - under", "*stoicheia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - elements/rudiments/principles", "*kosmos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - world/universe/order", "*dedoulōmenoi*": "perfect passive participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having been enslaved" }, "variants": { "*houtōs*": "thus/so/in this manner", "*nēpioi*": "infants/minors/immature ones", "*stoicheia*": "elements/rudiments/principles/basic components", "*kosmos*": "world/universe/order/arrangement", "*dedoulōmenoi*": "having been enslaved/held in bondage/subjected" } } 4 { "verseID": "Galatians.4.4", "source": "Ὅτε δὲ ἦλθεν τὸ πλήρωμα τοῦ χρόνου, ἐξαπέστειλεν ὁ Θεὸς τὸν Υἱὸν αὐτοῦ, γενόμενον ἐκ γυναικός, γενόμενον ὑπὸ νόμον,", "text": "When *de ēlthen* the *plērōma* of the *chronou*, *exapesteilen* the *Theos* the *Huion* of him, *genomenon ek gynaikos*, *genomenon hypo nomon*", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*ēlthen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - came", "*plērōma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - fullness/completion", "*chronou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - time/period", "*exapesteilen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - sent forth/sent out", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*Huion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Son", "*genomenon*": "aorist middle participle, accusative, masculine, singular - having become/born", "*ek*": "preposition with genitive - from/out of", "*gynaikos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - woman", "*hypo*": "preposition with accusative - under", "*nomon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - law" }, "variants": { "*plērōma*": "fullness/completion/fulfillment", "*exapesteilen*": "sent forth/dispatched/sent out with authority", "*genomenon*": "having become/been born/been made", "*gynaikos*": "woman/wife", "*nomon*": "law/Torah/principle" } }
• 1 Tim 1:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "1 Timothy.1.8", "source": "Οἴδαμεν δὲ ὅτι καλὸς ὁ νόμος, ἐάν τις αὐτῷ νομίμως χρῆται·", "text": "We *oidamen* *de* that *kalos* the *nomos*, if *tis* with it *nomimōs* *chrētai*;", "grammar": { "*Oidamen*": "perfect active indicative, 1st person plural - we know", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*hoti*": "subordinating conjunction - that", "*kalos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - adjective (predicate)", "*ho nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - subject with article", "*ean*": "conditional conjunction - if", "*tis*": "nominative, singular, indefinite pronoun - someone/anyone", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular, personal pronoun - it (referring to law)", "*nomimōs*": "adverb - modifying how one uses", "*chrētai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd person singular - uses/employs" }, "variants": { "*oidamen*": "we know/we understand/we recognize", "*kalos*": "good/right/proper/excellent", "*nomos*": "law/rule/principle", "*tis*": "anyone/someone", "*nomimōs*": "lawfully/properly/legitimately", "*chrētai*": "uses/employs/applies" } } 9 { "verseID": "1 Timothy.1.9", "source": "Εἰδὼς τοῦτο, ὅτι δικαίῳ νόμος οὐ κεῖται, ἀνόμοις δὲ καὶ ἀνυποτάκτοις, ἀσεβέσι καὶ ἁμαρτωλοῖς, ἀνοσίοις καὶ βεβήλοις, πατρολῴαις καὶ μητρολῴαις, ἀνδροφόνοις,", "text": "*Eidōs* this, that for *dikaiō* *nomos* not *keitai*, for *anomois* *de* and *anypotaktois*, *asebesi* and *hamartōlois*, *anosiois* and *bebēlois*, *patrolōais* and *mētrolōais*, *androphonois*,", "grammar": { "*Eidōs*": "perfect active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - knowing", "*touto*": "accusative, neuter, singular, demonstrative pronoun - this", "*hoti*": "subordinating conjunction - that", "*dikaiō*": "dative, masculine, singular - indirect object (for whom)", "*nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - subject", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*keitai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd person singular - is laid down/established", "*anomois*": "dative, masculine, plural - indirect object (for whom)", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/rather", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*anypotaktois*": "dative, masculine, plural - indirect object", "*asebesi*": "dative, masculine, plural - indirect object", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*hamartōlois*": "dative, masculine, plural - indirect object", "*anosiois*": "dative, masculine, plural - indirect object", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*bebēlois*": "dative, masculine, plural - indirect object", "*patrolōais*": "dative, masculine, plural - indirect object", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*mētrolōais*": "dative, masculine, plural - indirect object", "*androphonois*": "dative, masculine, plural - indirect object" }, "variants": { "*Eidōs*": "knowing/recognizing/understanding", "*dikaiō*": "righteous person/just person", "*nomos*": "law/rule/principle", "*keitai*": "is laid down/is established/is intended", "*anomois*": "lawless ones/those without law", "*anypotaktois*": "rebellious ones/insubordinate ones", "*asebesi*": "ungodly ones/impious ones", "*hamartōlois*": "sinners/transgressors", "*anosiois*": "unholy ones/profane ones", "*bebēlois*": "profane ones/irreverent ones", "*patrolōais*": "father-strikers/those who beat fathers", "*mētrolōais*": "mother-strikers/those who beat mothers", "*androphonois*": "murderers/manslayers" } }
• Heb 2:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Hebrews.2.5", "source": "Οὐ γὰρ ἀγγέλοις ὑπέταξεν τὴν οἰκουμένην τὴν μέλλουσαν, περὶ ἧς λαλοῦμεν.", "text": "Not *gar* to *angelois hypetaxen* the *oikoumenēn* the *mellousan*, concerning which we *laloumen*.", "grammar": { "*gar*": "conjunction - for", "*angelois*": "dative plural - to angels", "*hypetaxen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - he subjected/put under authority", "*oikoumenēn*": "accusative feminine singular - inhabited world", "*mellousan*": "present active participle, accusative feminine singular - coming/about to be", "*laloumen*": "present active indicative, 1st plural - we speak" }, "variants": { "*angelois*": "angels/messengers", "*hypetaxen*": "subjected/put under authority/subordinated", "*oikoumenēn*": "inhabited world/earth/universe", "*mellousan*": "coming/about to be/future" } }
• Deut 5:22-33 : 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.22", "source": "אֶֽת־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֡לֶּה דִּבֶּר֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֶל־כָּל־קְהַלְכֶ֜ם בָּהָ֗ר מִתּ֤וֹךְ הָאֵשׁ֙ הֶֽעָנָ֣ן וְהָֽעֲרָפֶ֔ל ק֥וֹל גָּד֖וֹל וְלֹ֣א יָסָ֑ף וַֽיִּכְתְּבֵ֗ם עַל־שְׁנֵי֙ לֻחֹ֣ת אֲבָנִ֔ים וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֖ם אֵלָֽי", "text": "*ʾEt*-the-*dəbārîm* the-these *dibber* *YHWH* to-all-assembly-of-you in-the-*hār* from-midst-of the-*ʾēš* the-*ʿānān* and-the-*ʿărāpel* *qôl* *gādôl* and-not *yāsāp* and-*wayyiktəbēm* on-two *luḥōt* *ʾăbānîm* and-*wayyitənēm* to-me", "grammar": { "*ʾEt*": "direct object marker", "*dəbārîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - words", "*dibber*": "Piel perfect 3ms - spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*hār*": "common noun, masculine singular - mountain", "*ʾēš*": "common noun, feminine singular - fire", "*ʿānān*": "common noun, masculine singular - cloud", "*ʿărāpel*": "common noun, masculine singular - thick darkness", "*qôl*": "common noun, masculine singular - voice", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*yāsāp*": "Qal perfect 3ms - he added", "*wayyiktəbēm*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms + 3mp suffix - and he wrote them", "*luḥōt*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - tablets of", "*ʾăbānîm*": "common noun, feminine plural - stones", "*wayyitənēm*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms + 3mp suffix - and he gave them" }, "variants": { "*dəbārîm*": "words/matters/things", "*dibber*": "spoke/declared/uttered", "*ʿānān*": "cloud/mass of cloud", "*ʿărāpel*": "thick darkness/gloom/deep cloud", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*yāsāp*": "he added/he continued/he did again", "*luḥōt*": "tablets/panels" } } 23 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.23", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י כְּשָׁמְעֲכֶ֤ם אֶת־הַקּוֹל֙ מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַחֹ֔שֶׁךְ וְהָהָ֖ר בֹּעֵ֣ר בָּאֵ֑שׁ וַתִּקְרְב֣וּן אֵלַ֔י כָּל־רָאשֵׁ֥י שִׁבְטֵיכֶ֖ם וְזִקְנֵיכֶֽם", "text": "And-*wayəhî* when-hearing-of-you *ʾet*-the-*qôl* from-midst-of the-*ḥōšek* and-the-*hār* *bōʿēr* in-the-*ʾēš* and-*wattiqrəbûn* to-me all-heads-of tribes-of-you and-elders-of-you", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms - and it happened", "*qôl*": "common noun, masculine singular - voice", "*ḥōšek*": "common noun, masculine singular - darkness", "*hār*": "common noun, masculine singular - mountain", "*bōʿēr*": "Qal participle masculine singular - burning", "*ʾēš*": "common noun, feminine singular - fire", "*wattiqrəbûn*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 2mp + paragogic nun - and you approached" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*ḥōšek*": "darkness/obscurity", "*bōʿēr*": "burning/being ablaze", "*wattiqrəbûn*": "and you approached/and you came near/and you drew near" } } 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.24", "source": "וַתֹּאמְר֗וּ הֵ֣ן הֶרְאָ֜נוּ יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ אֶת־כְּבֹד֣וֹ וְאֶת־גָּדְל֔וֹ וְאֶת־קֹל֥וֹ שָׁמַ֖עְנוּ מִתּ֣וֹךְ הָאֵ֑שׁ הַיּ֤וֹם הַזֶּה֙ רָאִ֔ינוּ כִּֽי־יְדַבֵּ֧ר אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶת־הָֽאָדָ֖ם וָחָֽי", "text": "And-*wattōʾmərû* behold *herʾānû* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *ʾet*-glory-his and-*ʾet*-greatness-his and-*ʾet*-voice-his *šāmaʿnû* from-midst-of the-*ʾēš* the-*yôm* the-this *rāʾînû* *kî*-*yədabbēr* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾet*-the-*ʾādām* and-*wāḥāy*", "grammar": { "*wattōʾmərû*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 2mp - and you said", "*herʾānû*": "Hiphil perfect 3ms + 1cp suffix - he has shown us", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 1cp suffix - our God", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šāmaʿnû*": "Qal perfect 1cp - we have heard", "*ʾēš*": "common noun, feminine singular - fire", "*yôm*": "common noun, masculine singular - day", "*rāʾînû*": "Qal perfect 1cp - we have seen", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*yədabbēr*": "Piel imperfect 3ms - he speaks", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - God", "*ʾādām*": "common noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*wāḥāy*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect 3ms - and he lives" }, "variants": { "*herʾānû*": "he has shown us/he has displayed to us/he has revealed to us", "*šāmaʿnû*": "we have heard/we have listened to", "*rāʾînû*": "we have seen/we have observed/we have witnessed", "*yədabbēr*": "he speaks/he talks/he communicates", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/human", "*wāḥāy*": "and he lives/and he survives/and he remains alive" } } 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.25", "source": "וְעַתָּה֙ לָ֣מָּה נָמ֔וּת כִּ֣י תֹֽאכְלֵ֔נוּ הָאֵ֥שׁ הַגְּדֹלָ֖ה הַזֹּ֑את אִם־יֹסְפִ֣ים ׀ אֲנַ֗חְנוּ לִ֠שְׁמֹעַ אֶת־ק֨וֹל יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּ ע֖וֹד וָמָֽתְנוּ", "text": "And-now why *nāmût* *kî* *tōʾklēnû* the-*ʾēš* the-*gədōlāh* the-this if-*yōsəpîm* *ʾănaḥnû* to-*lišmōaʿ* *ʾet*-*qôl* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* again and-*wāmātnû*", "grammar": { "*nāmût*": "Qal imperfect 1cp - we will die", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*tōʾklēnû*": "Qal imperfect 3fs + 1cp suffix - it will consume us", "*ʾēš*": "common noun, feminine singular - fire", "*gədōlāh*": "adjective feminine singular - great", "*yōsəpîm*": "Qal active participle masculine plural - continuing", "*ʾănaḥnû*": "personal pronoun 1cp - we", "*lišmōaʿ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to hear", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*qôl*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - voice of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 1cp suffix - our God", "*wāmātnû*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect 1cp - and we will die" }, "variants": { "*nāmût*": "we will die/we will perish", "*tōʾklēnû*": "it will consume us/it will devour us/it will destroy us", "*gədōlāh*": "great/large/intense", "*yōsəpîm*": "continuing/adding/doing again", "*lišmōaʿ*": "to hear/to listen to/to obey" } } 26 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.26", "source": "כִּ֣י מִ֣י כָל־בָּשָׂ֡ר אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׁמַ֣ע קוֹל֩ אֱלֹהִ֨ים חַיִּ֜ים מְדַבֵּ֧ר מִתּוֹךְ־הָאֵ֛שׁ כָּמֹ֖נוּ וַיֶּֽחִי", "text": "*Kî* who all-*bāśār* who *šāmaʿ* *qôl* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ḥayyîm* *mədabbēr* from-midst-of-the-*ʾēš* like-us and-*wayyeḥî*", "grammar": { "*Kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*bāśār*": "common noun, masculine singular - flesh", "*šāmaʿ*": "Qal perfect 3ms - heard", "*qôl*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - voice of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - God", "*ḥayyîm*": "adjective masculine plural - living", "*mədabbēr*": "Piel participle masculine singular - speaking", "*ʾēš*": "common noun, feminine singular - fire", "*wayyeḥî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms - and lived" }, "variants": { "*bāśār*": "flesh/body/mankind", "*šāmaʿ*": "heard/listened to/heeded", "*ḥayyîm*": "living/alive", "*mədabbēr*": "speaking/talking/declaring", "*wayyeḥî*": "and lived/and survived/and remained alive" } } 27 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.27", "source": "קְרַ֤ב אַתָּה֙ וּֽשֲׁמָ֔ע אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר יֹאמַ֖ר יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ וְאַ֣תְּ ׀ תְּדַבֵּ֣ר אֵלֵ֗ינוּ אֵת֩ כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְדַבֵּ֜ר יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּ אֵלֶ֖יךָ וְשָׁמַ֥עְנוּ וְעָשִֽׂינוּ", "text": "*Qərab* you and-*ûšămāʿ* *ʾēt* all-which *yōʾmar* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* and-you *tədabbēr* to-us *ʾēt* all-which *yədabbēr* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* to-you and-*wəšāmaʿnû* and-*wəʿāśînû*", "grammar": { "*Qərab*": "Qal imperative 2ms - approach", "*ûšămāʿ*": "waw conjunctive + Qal imperative 2ms - and hear", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*yōʾmar*": "Qal imperfect 3ms - he will say", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 1cp suffix - our God", "*tədabbēr*": "Piel imperfect 2ms - you will speak", "*yədabbēr*": "Piel imperfect 3ms - he will speak", "*wəšāmaʿnû*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect 1cp - and we will hear", "*wəʿāśînû*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect 1cp - and we will do" }, "variants": { "*Qərab*": "approach/draw near/come close", "*ûšămāʿ*": "and hear/and listen/and obey", "*yōʾmar*": "he will say/he will speak/he will command", "*tədabbēr*": "you will speak/you will tell/you will relate", "*yədabbēr*": "he will speak/he will tell/he will communicate", "*wəšāmaʿnû*": "and we will hear/and we will listen/and we will obey", "*wəʿāśînû*": "and we will do/and we will perform/and we will act" } } 28 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.28", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע יְהוָה֙ אֶת־ק֣וֹל דִּבְרֵיכֶ֔ם בְּדַבֶּרְכֶ֖ם אֵלָ֑י וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י שָׁ֠מַעְתִּי אֶת־ק֨וֹל דִּבְרֵ֜י הָעָ֤ם הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבְּר֣וּ אֵלֶ֔יךָ הֵיטִ֖יבוּ כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבֵּֽרוּ", "text": "And-*wayyišmaʿ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*qôl* words-of-you in-speaking-of-you to-me and-*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me *šāmaʿtî* *ʾet*-*qôl* words-of the-*ʿām* the-this which *dibbərû* to-you *hêṭîbû* all-which *dibbērû*", "grammar": { "*wayyišmaʿ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms - and he heard", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*qôl*": "common noun, masculine singular construct - voice of", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*šāmaʿtî*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I have heard", "*ʿām*": "common noun, masculine singular - people", "*dibbərû*": "Piel perfect 3cp - they have spoken", "*hêṭîbû*": "Hiphil perfect 3cp - they have done well" }, "variants": { "*wayyišmaʿ*": "and he heard/and he listened to/and he heeded", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/words", "*šāmaʿtî*": "I have heard/I have listened to", "*ʿām*": "people/nation/folk", "*dibbərû*": "they have spoken/they have said/they have declared", "*hêṭîbû*": "they have done well/they have spoken correctly/they have acted rightly" } } 29 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.29", "source": "מִֽי־יִתֵּ֡ן וְהָיָה֩ לְבָבָ֨ם זֶ֜ה לָהֶ֗ם לְיִרְאָ֥ה אֹתִ֛י וְלִשְׁמֹ֥ר אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֺתַ֖י כָּל־הַיָּמִ֑ים לְמַ֨עַן יִיטַ֥ב לָהֶ֛ם וְלִבְנֵיהֶ֖ם לְעֹלָֽם", "text": "Who-*yittēn* and-*wəhāyāh* *ləbābām* this to-them to-*ləyirʾāh* me and-to-*lišmōr* *ʾet*-all-*miṣwōtay* all-the-*yāmîm* so-that *yîṭab* to-them and-to-children-of-them to-*ʿôlām*", "grammar": { "*yittēn*": "Qal imperfect 3ms - he would give", "*wəhāyāh*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect 3ms - and it would be", "*ləbābām*": "common noun, masculine singular construct + 3mp suffix - their heart", "*ləyirʾāh*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to fear", "*lišmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to keep", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*miṣwōtay*": "common noun, feminine plural construct + 1cs suffix - my commandments", "*yāmîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - days", "*yîṭab*": "Qal imperfect 3ms - it may go well", "*ʿôlām*": "common noun, masculine singular - forever" }, "variants": { "*yittēn*": "he would give/who will give/oh that", "*wəhāyāh*": "and it would be/and it might be/if only it were", "*ləbābām*": "their heart/their mind/their will", "*ləyirʾāh*": "to fear/to reverence/to stand in awe of", "*lišmōr*": "to keep/to observe/to guard", "*miṣwōtay*": "my commandments/my precepts/my instructions", "*yîṭab*": "it may go well/it may be good/it may be pleasant", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternally/perpetually" } } 30 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.30", "source": "לֵ֖ךְ אֱמֹ֣ר לָהֶ֑ם שׁ֥וּבוּ לָכֶ֖ם לְאָהֳלֵיכֶֽם", "text": "*Lēk* *ʾĕmōr* to-them *šûbû* to-you to-tents-of-you", "grammar": { "*Lēk*": "Qal imperative 2ms - go", "*ʾĕmōr*": "Qal imperative 2ms - say", "*šûbû*": "Qal imperative 2mp - return" }, "variants": { "*Lēk*": "go/walk/proceed", "*ʾĕmōr*": "say/tell/speak", "*šûbû*": "return/go back/turn back" } } 31 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.31", "source": "וְאַתָּ֗ה פֹּה֮ עֲמֹ֣ד עִמָּדִי֒ וַאֲדַבְּרָ֣ה אֵלֶ֗יךָ אֵ֧ת כָּל־הַמִּצְוָ֛ה וְהַחֻקִּ֥ים וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר תְּלַמְּדֵ֑ם וְעָשׂ֣וּ בָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֧ר אָנֹכִ֛י נֹתֵ֥ן לָהֶ֖ם לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ", "text": "And-you here *ʿămōd* with-me and-*waʾădabbərāh* to-you *ʾēt* all-the-*miṣwāh* and-the-*ḥuqqîm* and-the-*mišpāṭîm* which *təlammədēm* and-*wəʿāśû* in-the-*ʾāreṣ* which *ʾānōkî* *nōtēn* to-them to-*lərištāh*", "grammar": { "*ʿămōd*": "Qal imperative 2ms - stand", "*waʾădabbərāh*": "waw conjunctive + Piel cohortative 1cs - and let me speak", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*miṣwāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - commandment", "*ḥuqqîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - statutes", "*mišpāṭîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - judgments", "*təlammədēm*": "Piel imperfect 2ms + 3mp suffix - you shall teach them", "*wəʿāśû*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect 3cp - and they shall do", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - land", "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun 1cs - I", "*nōtēn*": "Qal participle masculine singular - giving", "*lərištāh*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3fs suffix - to possess it" }, "variants": { "*ʿămōd*": "stand/remain/stay", "*waʾădabbərāh*": "and let me speak/and I will tell/and I may declare", "*miṣwāh*": "commandment/precept/instruction", "*ḥuqqîm*": "statutes/decrees/prescriptions", "*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments/ordinances/legal decisions", "*təlammədēm*": "you shall teach them/you shall instruct them", "*nōtēn*": "giving/granting/bestowing", "*lərištāh*": "to possess it/to take ownership of it/to inherit it" } } 32 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.32", "source": "וּשְׁמַרְתֶּ֣ם לַעֲשׂ֔וֹת כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּ֛ה יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם אֶתְכֶ֑ם לֹ֥א תָסֻ֖רוּ יָמִ֥ין וּשְׂמֹֽאל", "text": "And-*ûšəmartem* to-*laʿăśôt* as-which *ṣiwwāh* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* you not *tāsûrû* right and-left", "grammar": { "*ûšəmartem*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect 2mp - and you shall keep", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*ṣiwwāh*": "Piel perfect 3ms - commanded", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 2mp suffix - your God", "*tāsûrû*": "Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall turn aside" }, "variants": { "*ûšəmartem*": "and you shall keep/and you shall observe/and you shall be careful", "*laʿăśôt*": "to do/to perform/to carry out", "*ṣiwwāh*": "commanded/ordered/instructed", "*tāsûrû*": "you shall turn aside/you shall deviate/you shall depart" } } 33 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.5.33", "source": "בְּכָל־הַדֶּ֗רֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֜ה יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֛ם אֶתְכֶ֖ם תֵּלֵ֑כוּ לְמַ֤עַן תִּֽחְיוּן֙ וְט֣וֹב לָכֶ֔ם וְהַאֲרַכְתֶּ֣ם יָמִ֔ים בָּאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר תִּֽירָשֽׁוּן", "text": "In-all-the-*derek* which *ṣiwwāh* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* you *tēlēkû* so-that *tiḥyûn* and-good to-you and-*wəhaʾăraktem* *yāmîm* in-the-*ʾāreṣ* which *tîrāšûn*", "grammar": { "*derek*": "common noun, masculine singular - way", "*ṣiwwāh*": "Piel perfect 3ms - commanded", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "common noun, masculine plural construct + 2mp suffix - your God", "*tēlēkû*": "Qal imperfect 2mp - you shall walk", "*tiḥyûn*": "Qal imperfect 2mp + paragogic nun - you may live", "*wəhaʾăraktem*": "waw conjunctive + Hiphil perfect 2mp - and you shall prolong", "*yāmîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - days", "*ʾāreṣ*": "common noun, feminine singular - land", "*tîrāšûn*": "Qal imperfect 2mp + paragogic nun - you will possess" }, "variants": { "*derek*": "way/path/road/journey", "*ṣiwwāh*": "commanded/ordered/instructed", "*tēlēkû*": "you shall walk/you shall go/you shall follow", "*tiḥyûn*": "you may live/you may survive/you may prosper", "*wəhaʾăraktem*": "and you shall prolong/and you shall extend/and you shall lengthen", "*tîrāšûn*": "you will possess/you will inherit/you will take ownership" } }
• Deut 9:13-20 : 13 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.13", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוָ֖ה אֵלַ֣י לֵאמֹ֑ר רָאִ֙יתִי֙ אֶת־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה וְהִנֵּ֥ה עַם־קְשֵׁה־עֹ֖רֶף הֽוּא׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me *lēʾmōr* *rāʾîtî* *ʾet*-the-*ʿām* the-*zeh* and-behold *ʿam*-*qĕšêh*-*ʿōrep* he", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*rāʾîtî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person singular - I have seen", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - people of", "*qĕšêh*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - stiff/stubborn", "*ʿōrep*": "noun, masculine singular - neck" }, "variants": { "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/by saying/with these words", "*rāʾîtî*": "I have seen/I have observed/I have watched", "*qĕšêh*-*ʿōrep*": "stiff-necked/stubborn/obstinate" } } 14 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.14", "source": "הֶ֤רֶף מִמֶּ֙נִּי֙ וְאַשְׁמִידֵ֔ם וְאֶמְחֶ֣ה אֶת־שְׁמָ֔ם מִתַּ֖חַת הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְאֶֽעֱשֶׂה֙ אֽוֹתְךָ֔ לְגוֹי־עָצ֥וּם וָרָ֖ב מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃", "text": "*herep* from-me *wĕʾašmîdēm* *wĕʾemḥeh* *ʾet*-*šĕmām* from-under the-*šāmāyim* *wĕʾeʿĕśeh* you to-*gôy*-*ʿāṣûm* *wārāb* from-him", "grammar": { "*herep*": "verb, hiphil imperative masculine singular - let alone", "*wĕʾašmîdēm*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I will destroy them", "*wĕʾemḥeh*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular - and I will blot out", "*šĕmām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their name", "*šāmāyim*": "noun, masculine dual with definite article - the heavens", "*wĕʾeʿĕśeh*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular - and I will make", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular construct - nation of", "*ʿāṣûm*": "adjective, masculine singular - mighty", "*wārāb*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and numerous" }, "variants": { "*herep*": "let alone/leave alone/desist", "*wĕʾašmîdēm*": "I will destroy them/I will annihilate them/I will exterminate them", "*wĕʾemḥeh*": "I will blot out/I will erase/I will wipe out", "*šĕmām*": "their name/their reputation/their memory", "*wĕʾeʿĕśeh*": "I will make/I will fashion/I will create", "*ʿāṣûm*": "mighty/strong/powerful", "*wārāb*": "numerous/abundant/greater" } } 15 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.15", "source": "וָאֵ֗פֶן וָֽאֵרֵד֙ מִן־הָהָ֔ר וְהָהָ֖ר בֹּעֵ֣ר בָּאֵ֑שׁ וּשְׁנֵי֙ לֻחֹ֣ת הַבְּרִ֔ית עַ֖ל שְׁתֵּ֥י יָדָֽי׃", "text": "*wāʾēpen* *wāʾērēd* from-the-*hār* and-the-*hār* *bōʿēr* with-the-*ʾēš* and-two *luḥōt* the-*bĕrît* on two *yādāy*", "grammar": { "*wāʾēpen*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect consecutive 1st person singular - and I turned", "*wāʾērēd*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect consecutive 1st person singular - and I went down", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the mountain", "*bōʿēr*": "verb, qal participle masculine singular - burning", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the fire", "*luḥōt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tablets of", "*bĕrît*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the covenant", "*yādāy*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hands" }, "variants": { "*wāʾēpen*": "I turned/I faced about/I turned away", "*wāʾērēd*": "I went down/I descended/I came down", "*bōʿēr*": "burning/blazing/aflame", "*luḥōt*": "tablets/slabs/boards", "*bĕrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty" } } 16 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.16", "source": "וָאֵ֗רֶא וְהִנֵּ֤ה חֲטָאתֶם֙ לַיהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם עֲשִׂיתֶ֣ם לָכֶ֔ם עֵ֖גֶל מַסֵּכָ֑ה סַרְתֶּ֣ם מַהֵ֔ר מִן־הַדֶּ֕רֶךְ אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אֶתְכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wāʾēreʾ* and-behold *ḥăṭāʾtem* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* *ʿăśîtem* for-yourselves *ʿēgel* *massēkâ* *sartem* quickly from-the-*derek* which-*ṣiwwâ* *YHWH* you", "grammar": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect consecutive 1st person singular - and I saw", "*ḥăṭāʾtem*": "verb, qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you had sinned", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God", "*ʿăśîtem*": "verb, qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you had made", "*ʿēgel*": "noun, masculine singular - calf", "*massēkâ*": "noun, feminine singular - molten image", "*sartem*": "verb, qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you had turned aside", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the way", "*ṣiwwâ*": "verb, piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he commanded", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*wāʾēreʾ*": "I saw/I looked/I observed", "*ḥăṭāʾtem*": "you had sinned/you had transgressed/you had offended", "*ʿăśîtem*": "you had made/you had fashioned/you had created", "*ʿēgel*": "calf/young bull", "*massēkâ*": "molten image/cast idol/metal statue", "*sartem*": "you had turned aside/you had departed/you had deviated", "*derek*": "way/path/road/manner", "*ṣiwwâ*": "commanded/ordered/instructed" } } 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.17", "source": "וָאֶתְפֹּשׂ֙ בִּשְׁנֵ֣י הַלֻּחֹ֔ת וָֽאַשְׁלִכֵ֔ם מֵעַ֖ל שְׁתֵּ֣י יָדָ֑י וָאֲשַׁבְּרֵ֖ם לְעֵינֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wāʾetpōś* in-two the-*luḥōt* *wāʾašlikēm* from-on two *yādāy* *wāʾăšabbĕrēm* to-*ʿênêkem*", "grammar": { "*wāʾetpōś*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect consecutive 1st person singular - and I seized", "*luḥōt*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the tablets", "*wāʾašlikēm*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil imperfect consecutive 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I threw them", "*yādāy*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hands", "*wāʾăšabbĕrēm*": "conjunction + verb, piel imperfect consecutive 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I broke them", "*ʿênêkem*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your eyes" }, "variants": { "*wāʾetpōś*": "I seized/I grasped/I took hold of", "*luḥōt*": "tablets/slabs/boards", "*wāʾašlikēm*": "I threw them/I cast them/I hurled them", "*wāʾăšabbĕrēm*": "I broke them/I shattered them/I smashed them", "*ʿênêkem*": "your eyes/your sight/before you" } } 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.18", "source": "וָֽאֶתְנַפַּל֩ לִפְנֵ֨י יְהוָ֜ה כָּרִאשֹׁנָ֗ה אַרְבָּעִ֥ים יוֹם֙ וְאַרְבָּעִ֣ים לַ֔יְלָה לֶ֚חֶם לֹ֣א אָכַ֔לְתִּי וּמַ֖יִם לֹ֣א שָׁתִ֑יתִי עַ֤ל כָּל־חַטַּאתְכֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר חֲטָאתֶ֔ם לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הָרַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה לְהַכְעִיסֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wāʾetnappal* before *YHWH* as-the-*riʾšōnâ* forty *yôm* and-forty *laylâ* *leḥem* not *ʾākaltî* and-*mayim* not *šātîtî* on all-*ḥaṭṭaʾtkem* which *ḥăṭāʾtem* *laʿăśôt* the-*raʿ* in-*ʿênê* *YHWH* *lĕhakʿîsô*", "grammar": { "*wāʾetnappal*": "conjunction + verb, hitpael imperfect consecutive 1st person singular - and I fell down", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*riʾšōnâ*": "adjective, feminine singular with definite article and preposition kaf - as the first", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*laylâ*": "noun, masculine singular - night", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread", "*ʾākaltî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person singular - I ate", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*šātîtî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person singular - I drank", "*ḥaṭṭaʾtkem*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sin", "*ḥăṭāʾtem*": "verb, qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you sinned", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to do", "*raʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the evil", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - eyes of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*lĕhakʿîsô*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to provoke him to anger" }, "variants": { "*wāʾetnappal*": "I fell down/I prostrated myself/I threw myself down", "*riʾšōnâ*": "first/former/previous", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance", "*ḥaṭṭaʾtkem*": "your sin/your transgression/your offense", "*ḥăṭāʾtem*": "you sinned/you transgressed/you offended", "*laʿăśôt*": "to do/to commit/to perform", "*raʿ*": "evil/wickedness/bad", "*lĕhakʿîsô*": "to provoke him to anger/to irritate him/to vex him" } } 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.19", "source": "כִּ֣י יָגֹ֗רְתִּי מִפְּנֵ֤י הָאַף֙ וְהַ֣חֵמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר קָצַ֧ף יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם לְהַשְׁמִ֣יד אֶתְכֶ֑ם וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔י גַּ֖ם בַּפַּ֥עַם הַהִֽוא׃", "text": "For *yāgōrtî* from-before the-*ʾap* and-the-*ḥēmâ* which *qāṣap* *YHWH* against-you *lĕhašmîd* you *wayyišmaʿ* *YHWH* to-me also in-the-*paʿam* the-that", "grammar": { "*yāgōrtî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st person singular - I was afraid", "*ʾap*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the anger", "*ḥēmâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the wrath", "*qāṣap*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he was angry", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*lĕhašmîd*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy", "*wayyišmaʿ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect consecutive 3rd person masculine singular - and he listened", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*paʿam*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the time" }, "variants": { "*yāgōrtî*": "I was afraid/I feared/I was in dread", "*ʾap*": "anger/nose/face", "*ḥēmâ*": "wrath/rage/fury", "*qāṣap*": "was angry/was furious/was enraged", "*lĕhašmîd*": "to destroy/to annihilate/to exterminate", "*wayyišmaʿ*": "he listened/he hearkened/he paid attention", "*paʿam*": "time/instance/occasion" } } 20 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.20", "source": "וּֽבְאַהֲרֹ֗ן הִתְאַנַּ֧ף יְהוָ֛ה מְאֹ֖ד לְהַשְׁמִיד֑וֹ וָֽאֶתְפַּלֵּ֛ל גַּם־בְּעַ֥ד אַהֲרֹ֖ן בָּעֵ֥ת הַהִֽוא", "text": "And-with-*ʾAhărōn* *hitʾannap* *YHWH* very *lĕhašmîdô* *wāʾetpallēl* also-for *ʾAhărōn* in-the-*ʿēt* the-that", "grammar": { "*ʾAhărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron", "*hitʾannap*": "verb, hitpael perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he was angry", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*lĕhašmîdô*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to destroy him", "*wāʾetpallēl*": "conjunction + verb, hitpael imperfect consecutive 1st person singular - and I prayed", "*ʾAhărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron", "*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the time" }, "variants": { "*hitʾannap*": "was angry/was furious/was enraged", "*lĕhašmîdô*": "to destroy him/to annihilate him/to exterminate him", "*wāʾetpallēl*": "I prayed/I interceded/I pleaded", "*ʿēt*": "time/season/period" } }
• Deut 9:25-29 : 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.25", "source": "וָֽאֶתְנַפַּ֞ל לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה אֵ֣ת אַרְבָּעִ֥ים הַיּ֛וֹם וְאֶת־אַרְבָּעִ֥ים הַלַּ֖יְלָה אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִתְנַפָּ֑לְתִּי כִּֽי־אָמַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה לְהַשְׁמִ֥יד אֶתְכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wāʾetnappal* before *YHWH* *ʾēt* forty the-*yôm* and-*ʾet*-forty the-*laylâ* which *hitnapāltî* for-*ʾāmar* *YHWH* *lĕhašmîd* you", "grammar": { "*wāʾetnappal*": "conjunction + verb, hitpael imperfect consecutive 1st person singular - and I fell down", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day", "*laylâ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the night", "*hitnapāltî*": "verb, hitpael perfect 1st person singular - I had fallen down", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*lĕhašmîd*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy" }, "variants": { "*wāʾetnappal*": "I fell down/I prostrated myself/I threw myself down", "*hitnapāltî*": "I had fallen down/I had prostrated myself/I had thrown myself down", "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*lĕhašmîd*": "to destroy/to annihilate/to exterminate" } } 26 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.26", "source": "וָאֶתְפַּלֵּ֣ל אֶל־יְהוָה֮ וָאֹמַר֒ אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֗ה אַל־תַּשְׁחֵ֤ת עַמְּךָ֙ וְנַחֲלָ֣תְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁ֥ר פָּדִ֖יתָ בְּגָדְלֶ֑ךָ אֲשֶׁר־הוֹצֵ֥אתָ מִמִּצְרַ֖יִם בְּיָ֥ד חֲזָקָֽה׃", "text": "*wāʾetpallēl* to-*YHWH* *wāʾōmar* *ʾĂdōnāy* *YHWH* *ʾal*-*tašḥēt* *ʿammĕkā* *wĕnaḥălātĕkā* which *pādîtā* in-*gādlekā* which-*hôṣēʾtā* from-*Miṣrayim* with-*yād* *ḥăzāqâ*", "grammar": { "*wāʾetpallēl*": "conjunction + verb, hitpael imperfect consecutive 1st person singular - and I prayed", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*wāʾōmar*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect consecutive 1st person singular - and I said", "*ʾĂdōnāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾal*": "negative particle with jussive - do not", "*tašḥēt*": "verb, hiphil jussive 2nd person masculine singular - destroy", "*ʿammĕkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people", "*wĕnaḥălātĕkā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your inheritance", "*pādîtā*": "verb, qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you have redeemed", "*gādlekā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your greatness", "*hôṣēʾtā*": "verb, hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you brought out", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*yād*": "noun, feminine singular - hand", "*ḥăzāqâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - strong" }, "variants": { "*wāʾetpallēl*": "I prayed/I interceded/I pleaded", "*wāʾōmar*": "I said/I spoke/I declared", "*tašḥēt*": "destroy/ruin/corrupt", "*ʿammĕkā*": "your people/your nation/your folk", "*naḥălātĕkā*": "your inheritance/your possession/your heritage", "*pādîtā*": "you have redeemed/you have ransomed/you have rescued", "*gādlekā*": "your greatness/your might/your power", "*hôṣēʾtā*": "you brought out/you led out/you delivered", "*yād* *ḥăzāqâ*": "strong hand/mighty hand/powerful hand" } } 27 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.27", "source": "זְכֹר֙ לַעֲבָדֶ֔יךָ לְאַבְרָהָ֥ם לְיִצְחָ֖ק וּֽלְיַעֲקֹ֑ב אַל־תֵּ֗פֶן אֶל־קְשִׁי֙ הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה וְאֶל־רִשְׁע֖וֹ וְאֶל־חַטָּאתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Zĕkōr* to-*ʿăbādêkā* to-*ʾAbrāhām* to-*Yiṣḥāq* and-to-*Yaʿăqōb* *ʾal*-*tēpen* to-*qĕšî* the-*ʿām* the-*zeh* and-to-*rišʿô* and-to-*ḥaṭṭāʾtô*", "grammar": { "*Zĕkōr*": "verb, qal imperative masculine singular - remember", "*ʿăbādêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your servants", "*ʾAbrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac", "*Yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*ʾal*": "negative particle with jussive - do not", "*tēpen*": "verb, qal jussive 2nd person masculine singular - regard/look at", "*qĕšî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - stubbornness of", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this", "*rišʿô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his wickedness", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sin" }, "variants": { "*Zĕkōr*": "remember/recall/think of", "*ʿăbādêkā*": "your servants/your slaves", "*tēpen*": "regard/look at/pay attention to", "*qĕšî*": "stubbornness/obstinacy/hardness", "*rišʿô*": "his wickedness/his evil/his iniquity", "*ḥaṭṭāʾtô*": "his sin/his offense/his transgression" } } 28 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.28", "source": "פֶּן־יֹאמְר֗וּ הָאָרֶץ֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הוֹצֵאתָ֣נוּ מִשָּׁם֒ מִבְּלִי֙ יְכֹ֣לֶת יְהוָ֔ה לַהֲבִיאָ֕ם אֶל־הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֣ר לָהֶ֑ם וּמִשִּׂנְאָת֣וֹ אוֹתָ֔ם הוֹצִיאָ֖ם לַהֲמִתָ֥ם בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃", "text": "Lest-*yōʾmĕrû* the-*ʾāreṣ* which *hôṣēʾtānû* from-there from-lack-of *yĕkōlet* *YHWH* *lahăbîʾām* to-the-*ʾāreṣ* which-*dibber* to-them and-from-*śinʾātô* them *hôṣîʾām* *lahămîtām* in-the-*midbār*", "grammar": { "*yōʾmĕrû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will say", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*hôṣēʾtānû*": "verb, hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person common plural suffix - you brought us out", "*yĕkōlet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - ability of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*lahăbîʾām*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to bring them", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*dibber*": "verb, piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he spoke", "*śinʾātô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hatred", "*hôṣîʾām*": "verb, hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he brought them out", "*lahămîtām*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to kill them", "*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the wilderness" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmĕrû*": "they will say/they might say/they could say", "*hôṣēʾtānû*": "you brought us out/you led us out/you delivered us", "*yĕkōlet*": "ability/capability/power", "*lahăbîʾām*": "to bring them/to lead them/to cause them to enter", "*dibber*": "spoke/said/promised", "*śinʾātô*": "his hatred/his aversion/his enmity", "*hôṣîʾām*": "he brought them out/he led them out/he delivered them", "*lahămîtām*": "to kill them/to put them to death/to slay them", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land" } } 29 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.9.29", "source": "וְהֵ֥ם עַמְּךָ֖ וְנַחֲלָתֶ֑ךָ אֲשֶׁ֤ר הוֹצֵ֙אתָ֙ בְּכֹחֲךָ֣ הַגָּדֹ֔ל וּבִֽזְרֹעֲךָ֖ הַנְּטוּיָֽה׃ פ", "text": "And-they *ʿammĕkā* *wĕnaḥălātekā* which *hôṣēʾtā* with-*kōḥăkā* the-*gādōl* and-with-*zĕrōʿăkā* the-*nĕṭûyâ*", "grammar": { "*ʿammĕkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your people", "*wĕnaḥălātekā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your inheritance", "*hôṣēʾtā*": "verb, hiphil perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you brought out", "*kōḥăkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your strength", "*gādōl*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the great", "*zĕrōʿăkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your arm", "*nĕṭûyâ*": "verb, qal passive participle feminine singular with definite article - the stretched out" }, "variants": { "*ʿammĕkā*": "your people/your nation/your folk", "*naḥălātekā*": "your inheritance/your possession/your heritage", "*hôṣēʾtā*": "you brought out/you led out/you delivered", "*kōḥăkā*": "your strength/your might/your power", "*zĕrōʿăkā*": "your arm/your power/your might", "*nĕṭûyâ*": "stretched out/extended/outstretched" } }
• Deut 18:15-19 : 15 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.18.15", "source": "נָבִ֨יא מִקִּרְבְּךָ֤ מֵאַחֶ֙יךָ֙ כָּמֹ֔נִי יָקִ֥ים לְךָ֖ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ אֵלָ֖יו תִּשְׁמָעֽוּן׃", "text": "*Navi* from-*qirbecha* from-*achecha* like-me *yaqim* for-you *YHWH* *elohecha*; to-him *tishmaun*.", "grammar": { "*Navi*": "noun, masculine, singular - prophet", "*qirbecha*": "noun, masculine, singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your midst", "*achecha*": "noun, masculine, plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your brothers", "*yaqim*": "imperfect, 3rd singular, hiphil - he will raise up", "*YHWH*": "noun, proper - divine name", "*elohecha*": "noun, masculine, plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*tishmaun*": "imperfect, 2nd masculine plural, qal - you shall listen" }, "variants": { "*Navi*": "prophet/spokesperson", "*qirbecha*": "your midst/among you", "*yaqim*": "will raise up/will establish/will appoint", "*tishmaun*": "you shall listen/you shall obey/you shall heed" } } 16 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.18.16", "source": "כְּכֹ֨ל אֲשֶׁר־שָׁאַ֜לְתָּ מֵעִ֨ם יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ בְּחֹרֵ֔ב בְּי֥וֹם הַקָּהָ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר לֹ֣א אֹסֵ֗ף לִשְׁמֹ֙עַ֙ אֶת־קוֹל֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהָ֔י וְאֶת־הָאֵ֨שׁ הַגְּדֹלָ֥ה הַזֹּ֛את לֹֽא־אֶרְאֶ֥ה ע֖וֹד וְלֹ֥א אָמֽוּת׃", "text": "According-to-all that-*shaalta* from-with *YHWH* *elohecha* in-*Chorev* in-day the-*qahal* saying: Not *osef* to-*lishmoa* *et*-voice *YHWH* *elohai* and-*et*-the-*esh* the-*gedolah* the-this not-*ereh* again and-not *amut*.", "grammar": { "*shaalta*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular, qal - you asked", "*YHWH*": "noun, proper - divine name", "*elohecha*": "noun, masculine, plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*Chorev*": "noun, proper - Horeb", "*qahal*": "noun, masculine, singular - assembly", "*osef*": "imperfect, 1st singular, hiphil - I will continue", "*lishmoa*": "infinitive construct, qal - to hear", "*et*": "direct object marker", "*elohai*": "noun, masculine, plural + 1st singular suffix - my God", "*esh*": "noun, feminine, singular - fire", "*gedolah*": "adjective, feminine, singular - great", "*ereh*": "imperfect, 1st singular, qal - I will see", "*amut*": "imperfect, 1st singular, qal - I will die" }, "variants": { "*qahal*": "assembly/congregation/gathering", "*osef*": "I will continue/I will add/I will do again", "*esh*": "fire/flame", "*gedolah*": "great/large/mighty", "*amut*": "I will die/I will perish" } } 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.18.17", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוָ֖ה אֵלָ֑י הֵיטִ֖יבוּ אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבֵּֽרוּ׃", "text": "And-*yomer* *YHWH* to-me: They-*hetivu* what *dibberu*.", "grammar": { "*yomer*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal + vav consecutive - and he said", "*YHWH*": "noun, proper - divine name", "*hetivu*": "perfect, 3rd plural, hiphil - they have done well", "*dibberu*": "perfect, 3rd plural, piel - they have spoken" }, "variants": { "*hetivu*": "they have done well/they have spoken well/they are right", "*dibberu*": "they have spoken/they have said" } } 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.18.18", "source": "נָבִ֨יא אָקִ֥ים לָהֶ֛ם מִקֶּ֥רֶב אֲחֵיהֶ֖ם כָּמ֑וֹךָ וְנָתַתִּ֤י דְבָרַי֙ בְּפִ֔יו וְדִבֶּ֣ר אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם אֵ֖ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲצַוֶּֽנּוּ׃", "text": "*Navi* *aqim* for-them from-*qerev* *achehem* like-you; *wenatatti* *devarai* in-*piv* *wediber* to-them *et* all-that *atzawennu*.", "grammar": { "*Navi*": "noun, masculine, singular - prophet", "*aqim*": "imperfect, 1st singular, hiphil - I will raise up", "*qerev*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - midst of", "*achehem*": "noun, masculine, plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their brothers", "*wenatatti*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st singular, qal + vav consecutive - and I will put", "*devarai*": "noun, masculine, plural + 1st singular suffix - my words", "*piv*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his mouth", "*wediber*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular, piel + vav consecutive - and he will speak", "*atzawennu*": "imperfect, 1st singular, piel + 3rd masculine singular suffix - I will command him" }, "variants": { "*Navi*": "prophet/spokesperson", "*aqim*": "I will raise up/I will establish/I will appoint", "*qerev*": "midst/among/within", "*devarai*": "my words/my sayings/my commands" } } 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.18.19", "source": "וְהָיָ֗ה הָאִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־יִשְׁמַע֙ אֶל־דְּבָרַ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר יְדַבֵּ֖ר בִּשְׁמִ֑י אָנֹכִ֖י אֶדְרֹ֥שׁ מֵעִמּֽוֹ׃", "text": "And-*hayah* the-*ish* who not-*yishma* to-*devarai* which *yedabber* in-*shemi*; *anochi* *edrosh* from-with-him.", "grammar": { "*hayah*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal + vav consecutive - and it will be", "*ish*": "noun, masculine, singular - man", "*yishma*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, qal - he will listen", "*devarai*": "noun, masculine, plural + 1st singular suffix - my words", "*yedabber*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, piel - he will speak", "*shemi*": "noun, masculine, singular + 1st singular suffix - my name", "*anochi*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*edrosh*": "imperfect, 1st singular, qal - I will require" }, "variants": { "*ish*": "man/person/individual", "*yishma*": "will listen/will heed/will obey", "*edrosh*": "I will require/I will seek/I will demand" } }
• Deut 33:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.33.2", "source": "וַיֹּאמַ֗ר יְהוָ֞ה מִסִּינַ֥י בָּא֙ וְזָרַ֤ח מִשֵּׂעִיר֙ לָ֔מוֹ הוֹפִ֙יעַ֙ מֵהַ֣ר פָּארָ֔ן וְאָתָ֖ה מֵרִבְבֹ֣ת קֹ֑דֶשׁ מִֽימִינ֕וֹ אֵ֥שׁ דָּ֖ת לָֽמוֹ׃", "text": "And-*yōʾmar* *YHWH* from-*Sînay* *bāʾ* and-*zāraḥ* from-*Śēʿîr* to-them *hôpîaʿ* from-*har* *Pāʾrān* and-*ʾātāh* from-*ribəbōt* *qōdeš* from-*yāmîn*-his *ʾēš* *dāt* to-them", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmar*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*mi-Sînay*": "preposition + proper noun - from Sinai", "*bāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came", "*wə-zāraḥ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and rose/shone", "*mi-Śēʿîr*": "preposition + proper noun - from Seir", "*lāmô*": "preposition + 3rd plural suffix (poetic) - to/for them", "*hôpîaʿ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - shone forth/appeared", "*mē-har*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from mountain of", "*Pāʾrān*": "proper noun - Paran", "*wə-ʾātāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and came", "*mē-ribəbōt*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - from ten thousands of", "*qōdeš*": "noun, masculine singular - holiness/holy ones", "*mî-yāmîn*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from right hand of", "*-ô*": "3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*dāt*": "noun, feminine singular - law/decree", "*lāmô*": "preposition + 3rd plural suffix (poetic) - to/for them" }, "variants": { "*zāraḥ*": "shine/rise (like the sun)", "*lāmô*": "poetic form of 'to them'", "*hôpîaʿ*": "shine forth/appear/become visible", "*ribəbōt*": "ten thousands/myriads", "*qōdeš*": "holiness/holy ones/holy place", "*ʾēš dāt*": "fiery law/fire of law/burning mandate" } }
• Ps 106:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.23", "source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר לְֽהַשְׁמִ֫ידָ֥ם לוּלֵ֡י מֹ֘שֶׁ֤ה בְחִיר֗וֹ עָמַ֣ד בַּפֶּ֣רֶץ לְפָנָ֑יו לְהָשִׁ֥יב חֲ֝מָת֗וֹ מֵֽהַשְׁחִֽית׃", "text": "*wayyō'mer* to-*ləhašmîdām* unless *Mōšeh* *bəḥîrō* *'āmad* in-*pereṣ* before-him to-*ləhāšîb* *ḥămātō* from-*hašḥît*", "grammar": { "*wayyō'mer*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ləhašmîdām*": "hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person plural suffix - to destroy them", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*bəḥîrō*": "adjective + 3rd person suffix, masculine, singular - his chosen one", "*'āmad*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - stood", "*pereṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - breach/gap", "*ləhāšîb*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to turn away", "*ḥămātō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his wrath", "*hašḥît*": "hiphil infinitive construct - destroying" }, "variants": { "*wayyō'mer*": "and he said/declared/spoke", "*ləhašmîdām*": "to destroy them/annihilate them/exterminate them", "*bəḥîrō*": "his chosen one/elect/selected one", "*'āmad*": "stood/positioned himself/took a stand", "*pereṣ*": "breach/gap/broken area", "*ləhāšîb*": "to turn away/return/bring back", "*ḥămātō*": "his wrath/fury/anger", "*hašḥît*": "destroying/ruining/corrupting" } }
• Ps 147:19-20 : 19 { "verseID": "Psalms.147.19", "source": "מַגִּ֣יד *דברו **דְּבָרָ֣יו לְיַעֲקֹ֑ב חֻקָּ֥יו וּ֝מִשְׁפָּטָ֗יו לְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*Maggid debārāyw leyaʿăqōb huqqāyw ūmishpāṭāyw leyisrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*Maggid*": "participle, masculine singular, Hiphil - declaring/telling", "*debārāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his words", "*leyaʿăqōb*": "preposition + proper noun - to Jacob", "*huqqāyw*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his statutes", "*ūmishpāṭāyw*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his judgments", "*leyisrāʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - to Israel" }, "variants": { "*Maggid*": "declares/tells/reports/makes known", "*debārāyw*": "his words/his commands/his declarations", "*huqqāyw*": "his statutes/his decrees/his laws", "*mishpāṭāyw*": "his judgments/his ordinances/his legal decisions" } } 20 { "verseID": "Psalms.147.20", "source": "לֹ֘א עָ֤שָׂה כֵ֨ן ׀ לְכָל־גּ֗וֹי וּמִשְׁפָּטִ֥ים בַּל־יְדָע֗וּם הַֽלְלוּ־יָֽהּ׃", "text": "*Lōʾ ʿāsāh khēn lekhol-gōwy ūmishpāṭîm bal-yedāʿūm halelū-yāh*", "grammar": { "*Lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿāsāh*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular, Qal - he has done", "*khēn*": "adverb - so/thus", "*lekhol*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - to all/every", "*gōwy*": "noun, masculine singular - nation", "*ūmishpāṭîm*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural - and judgments", "*bal*": "negative particle - not", "*yedāʿūm*": "perfect, 3rd person plural, Qal + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they have known them", "*halelū-yāh*": "imperative, plural + divine name - praise Yah" }, "variants": { "*ʿāsāh*": "did/has done/made", "*khēn*": "so/thus/in this manner", "*gōwy*": "nation/people/gentile", "*mishpāṭîm*": "judgments/ordinances/regulations", "*yedāʿūm*": "known them/experienced them/understood them", "*halelū-yāh*": "praise the LORD/praise Yah/hallelujah" } }
• Luke 16:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Luke.16.31", "source": "Εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ, Εἰ Μωσέως καὶ τῶν προφητῶν οὐκ ἀκούουσιν, οὐδέ ἐάν τις ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῇ. Πεισθήσονται,", "text": "*Eipen de* to him, If *Mōseōs* and the *prophētōn* not *akouousin*, neither if someone from *nekrōn anastē* will they *peisthēsontai*,", "grammar": { "*Eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - said", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and/now", "*Mōseōs*": "genitive singular masculine - of Moses", "*prophētōn*": "genitive plural masculine - of prophets", "*akouousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd plural - they hear/listen to", "*nekrōn*": "genitive plural masculine - dead", "*anastē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - might rise", "*peisthēsontai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd plural - they will be persuaded" }, "variants": { "*Mōseōs*": "Moses", "*prophētōn*": "prophets", "*akouousin*": "they hear/they listen to/they heed", "*nekrōn*": "dead/those who have died", "*anastē*": "might rise/might stand up/might be raised", "*peisthēsontai*": "they will be persuaded/they will be convinced" } }
• John 1:17 : 17 { "verseID": "John.1.17", "source": "Ὅτι ὁ νόμος διὰ Μωσέως ἐδόθη, ἡ χάρις καὶ ἡ ἀλήθεια διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐγένετο.", "text": "Because the *nomos* through *Mōseōs edothē*, the *charis* and the *alētheia* through *Iēsou Christou egeneto*.", "grammar": { "*nomos*": "nominative masculine singular - law", "*Mōseōs*": "genitive masculine singular - of Moses", "*edothē*": "aorist passive indicative 3rd person singular of *didōmi* - was given", "*charis*": "nominative feminine singular - grace", "*alētheia*": "nominative feminine singular - truth", "*Iēsou*": "genitive masculine singular - of Jesus", "*Christou*": "genitive masculine singular - of Christ/Messiah", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative 3rd person singular of *ginomai* - came/became" }, "variants": { "*nomos*": "law/principle/regulation", "*edothē*": "was given/was granted", "*charis*": "grace/favor/goodwill", "*alētheia*": "truth/reality/genuineness", "*egeneto*": "came/came into being/was realized" } }
• John 5:45-47 : 45 { "verseID": "John.5.45", "source": "Μὴ δοκεῖτε ὅτι ἐγὼ κατηγορήσω ὑμῶν πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα: ἔστιν ὁ κατηγορῶν ὑμῶν, Μωσῆς, εἰς ὃν ὑμεῖς ἠλπίκατε.", "text": "Not *dokeite* that I *katēgorēsō* of you *pros* the *Patera*: *estin* the one *katēgorōn* of you, *Mōsēs*, in whom you *ēlpikate*.", "grammar": { "*Mē*": "negative particle - not", "*dokeite*": "present active imperative, 2nd plural of *dokeō* - think/suppose", "*egō*": "personal pronoun, nominative, 1st singular - I", "*katēgorēsō*": "future active indicative, 1st singular of *katēgoreō* - will accuse", "*hymōn*": "personal pronoun, genitive, 2nd plural - of you", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - to/before", "*Patera*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - Father", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular of *eimi* - is/there is", "*katēgorōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - accusing", "*Mōsēs*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - Moses", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - in/on", "*hon*": "relative pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular - whom", "*ēlpikate*": "perfect active indicative, 2nd plural of *elpizō* - you have hoped" }, "variants": { "*dokeite*": "think/suppose/imagine", "*katēgorēsō*": "will accuse/will bring charges against", "*katēgorōn*": "accusing/bringing charges", "*ēlpikate*": "you have hoped/you have set your hope/you have trusted" } } 46 { "verseID": "John.5.46", "source": "Εἰ γὰρ ἐπιστεύετε Μωσῇ, ἐπιστεύετε ἂν ἐμοί: περὶ γὰρ ἐμοῦ ἐκεῖνος ἔγραψεν.", "text": "If for *episteuete Mōsē*, *episteuete an* me: concerning for me that one *egrapsen*.", "grammar": { "*Ei*": "conditional conjunction - if", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*episteuete*": "imperfect active indicative, 2nd plural of *pisteuō* - you were believing", "*Mōsē*": "noun, dative, masculine, singular - Moses", "*an*": "modal particle with imperfect - would", "*emoi*": "personal pronoun, dative, 1st singular - me", "*peri*": "preposition with genitive - concerning/about", "*emou*": "personal pronoun, genitive, 1st singular - me", "*ekeinos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - that one", "*egrapsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular of *graphō* - wrote" }, "variants": { "*episteuete*": "you were believing/you believed", "*episteuete an*": "you would believe/you would have believed", "*egrapsen*": "wrote/has written" } } 47 { "verseID": "John.5.47", "source": "Εἰ δὲ τοῖς ἐκείνου γράμμασιν οὐ πιστεύετε, πῶς τοῖς ἐμοῖς ῥήμασιν πιστεύσετε;", "text": "If *de* the *ekeinou grammasin* not *pisteuete*, how the *emois rhēmasin pisteusete*?", "grammar": { "*Ei*": "conditional conjunction - if", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*ekeinou*": "demonstrative pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of that one", "*grammasin*": "noun, dative, neuter, plural - writings", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*pisteuete*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural of *pisteuō* - you believe", "*pōs*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*emois*": "possessive adjective, dative, neuter, plural - my", "*rhēmasin*": "noun, dative, neuter, plural - words/sayings", "*pisteusete*": "future active indicative, 2nd plural of *pisteuō* - you will believe" }, "variants": { "*grammasin*": "writings/letters/scriptures", "*pisteuete*": "you believe/you trust", "*rhēmasin*": "words/sayings/utterances", "*pisteusete*": "you will believe/you will trust" } }
• John 15:22 : 22 { "verseID": "John.15.22", "source": "Εἰ μὴ ἦλθον καὶ ἐλάλησα αὐτοῖς, ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ εἴχον: νῦν δὲ πρόφασιν οὐκ ἔχουσιν περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας αὐτῶν.", "text": "*Ei mē ēlthon* and *elalēsa autois*, *hamartian ouk eichon*: *nun de prophasin ouk echousin peri tēs hamartias autōn*.", "grammar": { "*Ei mē*": "conditional + negative - if not", "*ēlthon*": "aorist indicative, active, first person singular - I came", "*elalēsa*": "aorist indicative, active, first person singular - I spoke", "*autois*": "dative, masculine, plural, pronoun - to them", "*hamartian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sin", "*ouk eichon*": "negative + imperfect indicative, active, third person plural - they would not have had", "*nun*": "adverb - now", "*de*": "conjunction - but", "*prophasin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - excuse", "*ouk echousin*": "negative + present indicative, active, third person plural - they do not have", "*peri*": "preposition + genitive - concerning/about", "*tēs hamartias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - the sin", "*autōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural, pronoun - their/of them" }, "variants": { "*ēlthon*": "came/arrived/appeared", "*elalēsa*": "spoke/said/talked", "*hamartian*": "sin/wrongdoing/offense", "*eichon*": "would have had/would have possessed", "*prophasin*": "excuse/pretext/justification", "*echousin*": "have/possess/hold" } }
• Rom 2:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Romans.2.13", "source": "(Οὐ γὰρ οἱ ἀκροαταὶ τοῦ νόμου δίκαιοι παρὰ τῷ Θεῷ, ἀλλʼ οἱ ποιηταὶ τοῦ νόμου δικαιωθήσονται.", "text": "(For not the *akroatai* of the *nomou* *dikaioi* before *tō Theō*, but the *poiētai* of the *nomou* will *dikaiōthēsontai*.", "grammar": { "*akroatai*": "noun, nominative, masculine, plural - hearers", "*nomou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of law", "*dikaioi*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - righteous/just", "*tō Theō*": "article + noun, dative, masculine, singular - before God", "*poiētai*": "noun, nominative, masculine, plural - doers", "*nomou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of law", "*dikaiōthēsontai*": "verb, future passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they will be justified" }, "variants": { "*akroatai*": "hearers/listeners", "*nomou*": "law/legal code/Torah", "*dikaioi*": "righteous/just/innocent", "*Theō*": "God/deity", "*poiētai*": "doers/performers/practitioners", "*dikaiōthēsontai*": "will be justified/declared righteous/acquitted" } }
• Rom 3:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "Romans.3.1", "source": "¶Τί οὖν τὸ περισσὸν τοῦ Ἰουδαίου; ἢ τίς ἡ ὠφέλεια τῆς περιτομῆς;", "text": "*Ti* therefore the *perisson* of the *Ioudaiou*? or what the *ōpheleia* of the *peritomēs*?", "grammar": { "*Ti*": "interrogative pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular - what", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*perisson*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, singular - advantage/superiority", "*Ioudaiou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of Jewish person", "*ē*": "disjunctive particle - or", "*tis*": "interrogative pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular - what", "*ōpheleia*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - benefit/advantage", "*peritomēs*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - of circumcision" }, "variants": { "*perisson*": "advantage/surplus/excess/what is special", "*Ioudaiou*": "Jew/Jewish person/Judean", "*ōpheleia*": "benefit/profit/advantage/usefulness" } } 2 { "verseID": "Romans.3.2", "source": "Πολὺ κατὰ πάντα τρόπον: πρῶτον, μὲν γὰρ ὅτι ἐπιστεύθησαν τὰ λόγια τοῦ Θεοῦ.", "text": "*Poly kata panta tropon*: *prōton men gar hoti episteuthēsan ta logia tou Theou*.", "grammar": { "*Poly*": "adjective, accusative, neuter, singular - much/great", "*kata*": "preposition + accusative - according to", "*panta*": "adjective, accusative, masculine, singular - every/all", "*tropon*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - way/manner", "*prōton*": "adverb - firstly/in the first place", "*men*": "particle marking contrast with unstated *de* - indeed/on one hand", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that/because", "*episteuthēsan*": "verb, aorist passive, 3rd person plural - they were entrusted with", "*ta logia*": "noun, nominative/accusative, neuter, plural - the oracles/words", "*tou Theou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of God" }, "variants": { "*Poly*": "much/great/many", "*tropon*": "way/manner/mode/method", "*episteuthēsan*": "were entrusted with/were believed/were trusted with", "*logia*": "oracles/sayings/utterances/divine words" } }
• Rom 3:19-20 : 19 { "verseID": "Romans.3.19", "source": "Οἴδαμεν δὲ ὅτι ὅσα ὁ νόμος λέγει, τοῖς ἐν τῷ νόμῳ λαλεῖ: ἵνα πᾶν στόμα φραγῇ, καὶ ὑπόδικος γένηται πᾶς ὁ κόσμος τῷ Θεῷ.", "text": "*Oidamen de hoti hosa ho nomos legei*, *tois en tō nomō lalei*: *hina pan stoma phragē*, *kai hypodikos genētai pas ho kosmos tō Theō*.", "grammar": { "*Oidamen*": "verb, perfect active, 1st person plural - we know", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*hosa*": "correlative pronoun, accusative, neuter, plural - whatever things", "*ho nomos*": "article + noun, nominative, masculine, singular - the law", "*legei*": "verb, present active, 3rd person singular - says/speaks", "*tois en tō nomō*": "article + preposition + article + noun, dative, masculine, singular - to those in the law", "*lalei*": "verb, present active, 3rd person singular - speaks/says", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*pan stoma*": "adjective + noun, nominative, neuter, singular - every mouth", "*phragē*": "verb, aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might be stopped", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*hypodikos*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - accountable/liable", "*genētai*": "verb, aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might become", "*pas ho kosmos*": "adjective + article + noun, nominative, masculine, singular - all the world", "*tō Theō*": "article + noun, dative, masculine, singular - to God" }, "variants": { "*Oidamen*": "we know/we understand/we are aware", "*nomos*": "law/Torah/legal system", "*lalei*": "speaks to/addresses/communicates with", "*phragē*": "might be stopped/might be silenced/might be shut", "*hypodikos*": "accountable/guilty/answerable/liable to judgment", "*kosmos*": "world/universe/humankind" } } 20 { "verseID": "Romans.3.20", "source": "Διότι ἐξ ἔργων νόμου οὐ δικαιωθήσεται πᾶσα σὰρξ ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ: διὰ γὰρ νόμου ἐπίγνωσις ἁμαρτίας.", "text": "*Dioti ex ergōn nomou ou dikaiōthēsetai pasa sarx enōpion autou*: *dia gar nomou epignōsis hamartias*.", "grammar": { "*Dioti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*ex ergōn*": "preposition + noun, genitive, neuter, plural - from works/by works", "*nomou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of law", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*dikaiōthēsetai*": "verb, future passive, 3rd person singular - will be justified", "*pasa sarx*": "adjective + noun, nominative, feminine, singular - all flesh", "*enōpion*": "preposition + genitive - before/in sight of", "*autou*": "pronoun, genitive, masculine, singular - of him", "*dia*": "preposition + genitive - through", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*nomou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - of law", "*epignōsis*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - knowledge/recognition", "*hamartias*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - of sin" }, "variants": { "*Dioti*": "because/therefore/for this reason", "*ergōn nomou*": "works of law/deeds required by law/Torah observance", "*dikaiōthēsetai*": "will be justified/will be declared righteous/will be acquitted", "*pasa sarx*": "all flesh/every human being/all humanity", "*enōpion*": "before/in the sight of/in the presence of", "*epignōsis*": "knowledge/full knowledge/recognition/awareness" } }
• Exod 20:19-22 : 19 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.19", "source": "וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה דַּבֵּר־אַתָּ֥ה עִמָּ֖נוּ וְנִשְׁמָ֑עָה וְאַל־יְדַבֵּ֥ר עִמָּ֛נוּ אֱלֹהִ֖ים פֶּן־נָמֽוּת׃", "text": "*way-yōʾmərû ʾel-mōsheh dabbēr-ʾattāh ʿimmānû wə-nishməʿāh wə-ʾal-yəḏabbēr ʿimmānû ʾĕlōhîm pen-nāmûṯ*", "grammar": { "*way-yōʾmərû*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*ʾel-mōsheh*": "preposition + proper name - to Moses", "*dabbēr-ʾattāh*": "piel imperative, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular pronoun - you speak", "*ʿimmānû*": "preposition with 1st common plural suffix - with us", "*wə-nishməʿāh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect cohortative, 1st common plural - and we will listen", "*wə-ʾal*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yəḏabbēr*": "piel imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular - let speak", "*ʿimmānû*": "preposition with 1st common plural suffix - with us", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God", "*pen-nāmûṯ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 1st common plural - lest we die" }, "variants": { "*dabbēr*": "speak/talk/declare", "*nishməʿāh*": "we will listen/we will obey/we will hear", "*ʾal-yəḏabbēr*": "let not speak/let not talk", "*pen-nāmûṯ*": "lest we die/so that we don't die" } } 20 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.20", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֣ה אֶל־הָעָם֮ אַל־תִּירָאוּ֒ כִּ֗י לְבַֽעֲבוּר֙ נַסּ֣וֹת אֶתְכֶ֔ם בָּ֖א הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וּבַעֲב֗וּר תִּהְיֶ֧ה יִרְאָת֛וֹ עַל־פְּנֵיכֶ֖ם לְבִלְתִּ֥י תֶחֱטָֽאוּ׃", "text": "*way-yōʾmer mōsheh ʾel-hā-ʿām ʾal-tîrāʾû kî lə-ḇaʿăḇûr nassôṯ ʾeṯḵem bāʾ hā-ʾĕlōhîm û-ḇaʿăḇûr tihyeh yirʾāṯô ʿal-pənêḵem lə-ḇiltî ṯeḥĕṭāʾû*", "grammar": { "*way-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*mōsheh*": "proper name - Moses", "*ʾel-hā-ʿām*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the people", "*ʾal-tîrāʾû*": "negative particle + qal imperfect jussive, 2nd masculine plural - do not fear", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lə-ḇaʿăḇûr*": "preposition + preposition - in order to", "*nassôṯ*": "piel infinitive construct - test", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*bāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has come", "*hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the God/the true God", "*û-ḇaʿăḇûr*": "conjunction + preposition - and so that", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it may be", "*yirʾāṯô*": "feminine singular noun construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - fear of him", "*ʿal-pənêḵem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - before your faces", "*lə-ḇiltî*": "preposition + conjunction - so that not", "*ṯeḥĕṭāʾû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you sin" }, "variants": { "*ʾal-tîrāʾû*": "do not fear/do not be afraid", "*lə-ḇaʿăḇûr nassôṯ*": "in order to test/to prove/to try", "*yirʾāṯô*": "fear of him/reverence for him/awe of him", "*ʿal-pənêḵem*": "before your faces/in your presence/in your sight", "*lə-ḇiltî ṯeḥĕṭāʾû*": "so that you do not sin/to prevent you from sinning" } } 21 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.21", "source": "וַיַּעֲמֹ֥ד הָעָ֖ם מֵרָחֹ֑ק וּמֹשֶׁה֙ נִגַּ֣שׁ אֶל־הָֽעֲרָפֶ֔ל אֲשֶׁר־שָׁ֖ם הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-yaʿămōd* the *ʿām* from *rāḥōq* and *Mōšeh* *niggaš* unto the *ʿărāp̄el* *ʾăšer*-there the *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yaʿămōd*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he stood", "*ʿām*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the people", "*rāḥōq*": "adverb - far/at a distance", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses", "*niggaš*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - drew near/approached", "*ʾel-*": "preposition - unto/toward", "*ʿărāp̄el*": "definite noun, masculine singular - thick darkness/thick cloud", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/where", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural form with singular meaning - God" }, "variants": { "*yaʿămōd*": "stand/remain/stay", "*rāḥōq*": "far away/distance/remoteness", "*niggaš*": "drew near/approached/came close", "*ʿărāp̄el*": "thick darkness/thick cloud/gloom", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/divine being/deity" } } 22 { "verseID": "Exodus.20.22", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה כֹּ֥ה תֹאמַ֖ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אַתֶּ֣ם רְאִיתֶ֔ם כִּ֚י מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם דִּבַּ֖רְתִּי עִמָּכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer YHWH* unto *Mōšeh* thus *tōʾmar* unto *bənê Yiśrāʾēl* you *rəʾîtem* that from the *šāmayim* *dibbartî* with you", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʾel-Mōšeh*": "preposition + proper noun - unto Moses", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*tōʾmar*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall say", "*ʾel-bənê*": "preposition + noun construct - unto sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you", "*rəʾîtem*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you have seen", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/for/because", "*min-ha-šāmayim*": "preposition + definite noun - from the heavens", "*dibbartî*": "Piel perfect 1st singular - I have spoken", "*ʿimmākem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - with you" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmer*": "say/speak/command", "*tōʾmar*": "say/speak/tell", "*bənê*": "sons/children/descendants", "*rəʾîtem*": "saw/perceived/experienced", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*dibbartî*": "spoke/talked/communicated" } }
• Exod 24:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.1", "source": "וְאֶל־מֹשֶׁ֨ה אָמַ֜ר עֲלֵ֣ה אֶל־יְהוָ֗ה אַתָּה֙ וְאַהֲרֹן֙ נָדָ֣ב וַאֲבִיה֔וּא וְשִׁבְעִ֖ים מִזִּקְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖ם מֵרָחֹֽק׃", "text": "*wə-ʾel*-*Mōšeh* *ʾāmar* *ʿălēh* *ʾel*-*YHWH* *ʾattāh* *wə-ʾAhărōn* *Nādāb* *wa-ʾĂbîhûʾ* *wə-šibʿîm* *mizziqnê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *wə-hištaḥăwîtem* *mērāḥōq*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾel*": "conjunction + preposition - and to", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*ʿălēh*": "verb, qal imperative masculine singular - go up", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾattāh*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - you", "*wə-ʾAhărōn*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Aaron", "*Nādāb*": "proper noun - Nadab", "*wa-ʾĂbîhûʾ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Abihu", "*wə-šibʿîm*": "conjunction + numeral - and seventy", "*mizziqnê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - from elders of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə-hištaḥăwîtem*": "conjunction + verb, hitpael perfect 2nd masculine plural - and you shall worship/bow down", "*mērāḥōq*": "preposition + noun - from afar/at a distance" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "said/commanded/declared", "*ʿălēh*": "go up/ascend/come up", "*hištaḥăwîtem*": "worship/bow down/prostrate yourselves", "*mērāḥōq*": "from afar/at a distance/from a remote place" } } 2 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.2", "source": "וְנִגַּ֨שׁ מֹשֶׁ֤ה לְבַדּוֹ֙ אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה וְהֵ֖ם לֹ֣א יִגָּ֑שׁוּ וְהָעָ֕ם לֹ֥א יַעֲל֖וּ עִמּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-niggaš* *Mōšeh* *ləbaddô* *ʾel*-*YHWH* *wə-hēm* *lōʾ* *yiggāšû* *wə-hāʿām* *lōʾ* *yaʿălû* *ʿimmô*", "grammar": { "*wə-niggaš*": "conjunction + verb, niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and he shall approach/come near", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ləbaddô*": "preposition + noun + suffix, 3rd masculine singular - by himself/alone", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*wə-hēm*": "conjunction + pronoun, 3rd masculine plural - and they", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yiggāšû*": "verb, niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they shall approach/come near", "*wə-hāʿām*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and the people", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yaʿălû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they shall go up/ascend", "*ʿimmô*": "preposition + suffix, 3rd masculine singular - with him" }, "variants": { "*niggaš*": "approach/come near/draw near", "*ləbaddô*": "alone/by himself/only him", "*yiggāšû*": "approach/come near/draw near", "*yaʿălû*": "go up/ascend/climb" } } 3 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.3", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֣א מֹשֶׁ֗ה וַיְסַפֵּ֤ר לָעָם֙ אֵ֚ת כָּל־דִּבְרֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֑ים וַיַּ֨עַן כָּל־הָעָ֜ם ק֤וֹל אֶחָד֙ וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֛ים אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה נַעֲשֶֽׂה׃", "text": "*wayyābōʾ* *Mōšeh* *wayəsappēr* *lāʿām* *ʾēt* *kol*-*dibrê* *YHWH* *wə-ʾēt* *kol*-*hammišpāṭîm* *wayyaʿan* *kol*-*hāʿām* *qôl* *ʾeḥād* *wayyōʾmərû* *kol*-*haddəbārîm* *ʾăšer*-*dibbēr* *YHWH* *naʿăśeh*", "grammar": { "*wayyābōʾ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he came", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*wayəsappēr*": "conjunction + verb, piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he told/recounted", "*lāʿām*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the people", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "noun, construct - all of", "*dibrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*wə-ʾēt*": "conjunction + direct object marker - and", "*kol*": "noun, construct - all of", "*hammišpāṭîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the judgments/ordinances", "*wayyaʿan*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he answered", "*kol*": "noun, construct - all of", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular - voice", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral - one", "*wayyōʾmərû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they said", "*kol*": "noun, construct - all of", "*haddəbārîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the words", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*dibbēr*": "verb, piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he spoke/said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*naʿăśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st common plural - we will do" }, "variants": { "*wayəsappēr*": "told/recounted/reported/declared", "*dibrê*": "words/sayings/commands", "*hammišpāṭîm*": "judgments/ordinances/rules/laws", "*qôl*": "voice/sound", "*naʿăśeh*": "we will do/we will make/we will perform" } } 4 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.4", "source": "וַיִּכְתֹּ֣ב מֹשֶׁ֗ה אֵ֚ת כָּל־דִּבְרֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֣ם בַּבֹּ֔קֶר וַיִּ֥בֶן מִזְבֵּ֖חַ תַּ֣חַת הָהָ֑ר וּשְׁתֵּ֤ים עֶשְׂרֵה֙ מַצֵּבָ֔ה לִשְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wayyiktōb* *Mōšeh* *ʾēt* *kol*-*dibrê* *YHWH* *wayyaškēm* *babbōqer* *wayyiben* *mizbēaḥ* *taḥat* *hāhār* *ûštêm* *ʿeśrēh* *maṣṣēbāh* *lišnêm* *ʿāśār* *šibṭê* *Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wayyiktōb*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he wrote", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*kol*": "noun, construct - all of", "*dibrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*wayyaškēm*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he rose early", "*babbōqer*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the morning", "*wayyiben*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he built", "*mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - altar", "*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath", "*hāhār*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the mountain", "*ûštêm*": "conjunction + numeral, feminine - and twelve", "*ʿeśrēh*": "numeral, feminine - ten (forming 'twelve' with previous word)", "*maṣṣēbāh*": "noun, feminine singular - pillar/standing stone", "*lišnêm*": "preposition + numeral, masculine - for twelve", "*ʿāśār*": "numeral, masculine - ten (forming 'twelve' with previous word)", "*šibṭê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tribes of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*wayyaškēm*": "rose early/awoke early/got up early", "*wayyiben*": "built/constructed/erected", "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*maṣṣēbāh*": "pillar/standing stone/memorial stone", "*šibṭê*": "tribes/rods/branches" } } 5 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.5", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח אֶֽת־נַעֲרֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַֽיַּעֲל֖וּ עֹלֹ֑ת וַֽיִּזְבְּח֞וּ זְבָחִ֧ים שְׁלָמִ֛ים לַיהוָ֖ה פָּרִֽים׃", "text": "*wayyišlaḥ* *ʾet*-*naʿărê* *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *wayyaʿălû* *ʿōlōt* *wayyizbəḥû* *zəbāḥîm* *šəlāmîm* *la-YHWH* *pārîm*", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he sent", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*naʿărê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - young men of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of/children of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyaʿălû*": "conjunction + verb, hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they offered/brought up", "*ʿōlōt*": "noun, feminine plural - burnt offerings", "*wayyizbəḥû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they sacrificed", "*zəbāḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural - sacrifices", "*šəlāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - peace offerings", "*la-YHWH*": "preposition + proper noun - to/for the LORD", "*pārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - bulls/young bulls" }, "variants": { "*naʿărê*": "young men/youths/servants", "*wayyaʿălû*": "offered up/brought up/caused to ascend", "*ʿōlōt*": "burnt offerings/ascensions/that which goes up", "*zəbāḥîm*": "sacrifices/offerings", "*šəlāmîm*": "peace offerings/fellowship offerings/offerings of well-being", "*pārîm*": "bulls/young bulls/oxen" } } 6 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.6", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֤ח מֹשֶׁה֙ חֲצִ֣י הַדָּ֔ם וַיָּ֖שֶׂם בָּאַגָּנֹ֑ת וַחֲצִ֣י הַדָּ֔ם זָרַ֖ק עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃", "text": "*wayyiqqaḥ* *Mōšeh* *ḥăṣî* *haddām* *wayyāśem* *bāʾaggānōt* *waḥăṣî* *haddām* *zāraq* *ʿal*-*hammizbēaḥ*", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he took", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ḥăṣî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - half of", "*haddām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the blood", "*wayyāśem*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he put", "*bāʾaggānōt*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine plural - in the basins", "*waḥăṣî*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and half of", "*haddām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the blood", "*zāraq*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he sprinkled/threw", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*hammizbēaḥ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the altar" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "took/received/grasped", "*wayyāśem*": "put/placed/set", "*bāʾaggānōt*": "in the basins/bowls/containers", "*zāraq*": "sprinkled/threw/tossed/scattered" } } 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.7", "source": "וַיִּקַּח֙ סֵ֣פֶר הַבְּרִ֔ית וַיִּקְרָ֖א בְּאָזְנֵ֣י הָעָ֑ם וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ כֹּ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה נַעֲשֶׂ֥ה וְנִשְׁמָֽע׃", "text": "*wayyiqqaḥ* *sēfer* *habbərît* *wayyiqrāʾ* *bəʾoznê* *hāʿām* *wayyōʾmərû* *kōl* *ʾăšer*-*dibbēr* *YHWH* *naʿăśeh* *wə-nišmāʿ*", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he took", "*sēfer*": "noun, masculine singular construct - book of/scroll of", "*habbərît*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the covenant", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he read", "*bəʾoznê*": "preposition + noun, feminine dual construct - in the ears of", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*wayyōʾmərû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they said", "*kōl*": "noun, construct - all", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*dibbēr*": "verb, piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he spoke/said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*naʿăśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st common plural - we will do", "*wə-nišmāʿ*": "conjunction + verb, niphal imperfect 1st common plural - and we will hear/obey" }, "variants": { "*sēfer*": "book/scroll/document", "*habbərît*": "the covenant/the agreement/the treaty", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "read/called out/proclaimed", "*bəʾoznê*": "in the ears of/in the hearing of", "*naʿăśeh*": "we will do/we will perform/we will act", "*wə-nišmāʿ*": "and we will hear/and we will obey/and we will listen" } } 8 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.8", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֤ח מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶת־הַדָּ֔ם וַיִּזְרֹ֖ק עַל־הָעָ֑ם וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּ֤ה דַֽם־הַבְּרִית֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר כָּרַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ עִמָּכֶ֔ם עַ֥ל כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "*wayyiqqaḥ* *Mōšeh* *ʾet*-*haddām* *wayyizrōq* *ʿal*-*hāʿām* *wayyōʾmer* *hinnēh* *dam*-*habbərît* *ʾăšer* *kārat* *YHWH* *ʿimmākem* *ʿal* *kol*-*haddəbārîm* *hāʾēlleh*", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he took", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*haddām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the blood", "*wayyizrōq*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he sprinkled", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he said", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*dam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - blood of", "*habbərît*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the covenant", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*kārat*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he cut/made", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʿimmākem*": "preposition + suffix, 2nd masculine plural - with you", "*ʿal*": "preposition - concerning/regarding", "*kol*": "noun, construct - all of", "*haddəbārîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the words", "*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural - these" }, "variants": { "*wayyizrōq*": "sprinkled/threw/scattered/tossed", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*dam*": "blood", "*kārat*": "cut/made/established (a covenant)", "*haddəbārîm*": "words/matters/things" } } 9 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.9", "source": "וַיַּ֥עַל מֹשֶׁ֖ה וְאַהֲרֹ֑ן נָדָב֙ וַאֲבִיה֔וּא וְשִׁבְעִ֖ים מִזִּקְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wayyaʿal* *Mōšeh* *wə-ʾAhărōn* *Nādāb* *wa-ʾĂbîhûʾ* *wə-šibʿîm* *mizziqnê* *Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿal*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he went up", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*wə-ʾAhărōn*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Aaron", "*Nādāb*": "proper noun - Nadab", "*wa-ʾĂbîhûʾ*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Abihu", "*wə-šibʿîm*": "conjunction + numeral - and seventy", "*mizziqnê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - from elders of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿal*": "went up/ascended/climbed", "*mizziqnê*": "from elders of/from old men of/from leaders of" } } 10 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.10", "source": "וַיִּרְא֕וּ אֵ֖ת אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְתַ֣חַת רַגְלָ֗יו כְּמַעֲשֵׂה֙ לִבְנַ֣ת הַסַּפִּ֔יר וּכְעֶ֥צֶם הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם לָטֹֽהַר׃", "text": "*wayyirʾû* *ʾēt* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *wə-taḥat* *raglāyw* *kəmaʿăśēh* *libnat* *hassappîr* *ûkəʿeṣem* *haššāmayim* *lāṭōhar*", "grammar": { "*wayyirʾû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they saw", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə-taḥat*": "conjunction + preposition - and under", "*raglāyw*": "noun, feminine dual + suffix, 3rd masculine singular - his feet", "*kəmaʿăśēh*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - like work of/like a pavement of", "*libnat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - brick/tile of", "*hassappîr*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the sapphire", "*ûkəʿeṣem*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - and like essence of", "*haššāmayim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the heavens", "*lāṭōhar*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - for brightness/in clarity" }, "variants": { "*wayyirʾû*": "saw/beheld/perceived", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of/gods of", "*kəmaʿăśēh*": "like work of/like a pavement of/resembling", "*libnat*": "brick/tile/pavement", "*hassappîr*": "sapphire/lapis lazuli/blue stone", "*ʿeṣem*": "bone/substance/essence/self", "*lāṭōhar*": "for brightness/in clarity/for purity" } } 11 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.11", "source": "וְאֶל־אֲצִילֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֥א שָׁלַ֖ח יָד֑וֹ וַֽיֶּחֱזוּ֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔ים וַיֹּאכְל֖וּ וַיִּשְׁתּֽוּ׃", "text": "*wə-ʾel*-*ʾăṣîlê* *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *lōʾ* *šālaḥ* *yādô* *wayyeḥĕzû* *ʾet*-*hāʾĕlōhîm* *wayyōʾkəlû* *wayyištû*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾel*": "conjunction + preposition - and against/to", "*ʾăṣîlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - nobles of/chief ones of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of/children of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*šālaḥ*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he stretched out/sent", "*yādô*": "noun, feminine singular + suffix, 3rd masculine singular - his hand", "*wayyeḥĕzû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they beheld/saw", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - God/the gods", "*wayyōʾkəlû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they ate", "*wayyištû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they drank" }, "variants": { "*ʾăṣîlê*": "nobles of/chief ones of/eminent ones of", "*šālaḥ*": "stretched out/sent/put forth", "*wayyeḥĕzû*": "beheld/saw/gazed upon", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "God/the gods/the divine being" } } 12 { "verseID": "Exodus.24.12", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה עֲלֵ֥ה אֵלַ֛י הָהָ֖רָה וֶהְיֵה־שָׁ֑ם וְאֶתְּנָ֨ה לְךָ֜ אֶת־לֻחֹ֣ת הָאֶ֗בֶן וְהַתּוֹרָה֙ וְהַמִּצְוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּתַ֖בְתִּי לְהוֹרֹתָֽם׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* *ʾel*-*Mōšeh* *ʿălēh* *ʾēlay* *hāhārāh* *wehyēh*-*šām* *wə-ʾettənāh* *ləkā* *ʾet*-*luḥōt* *hāʾeben* *wə-hattôrāh* *wə-hammiṣwāh* *ʾăšer* *kātabtî* *ləhôrōtām*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to/unto", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿălēh*": "verb, qal imperative masculine singular - go up", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition + suffix, 1st common singular - to me", "*hāhārāh*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular + directional heh - to the mountain", "*wehyēh*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperative masculine singular - and be", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*wə-ʾettənāh*": "conjunction + verb, qal cohortative 1st common singular - and let me give", "*ləkā*": "preposition + suffix, 2nd masculine singular - to you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*luḥōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - tablets of", "*hāʾeben*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the stone", "*wə-hattôrāh*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the law", "*wə-hammiṣwāh*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the commandment", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*kātabtî*": "verb, qal perfect 1st common singular - I have written", "*ləhôrōtām*": "preposition + verb, hiphil infinitive construct + suffix, 3rd masculine plural - to teach them/for their instruction" }, "variants": { "*ʿălēh*": "go up/ascend/climb", "*luḥōt*": "tablets/panels/boards", "*hāʾeben*": "the stone/the rock", "*hattôrāh*": "the law/the instruction/the teaching", "*hammiṣwāh*": "the commandment/the precept/the ordinance", "*ləhôrōtām*": "to teach them/for their instruction/to guide them" } }
• Exod 34:27-35 : 27 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.27", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה כְּתָב־לְךָ֖ אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה כִּ֞י עַל־פִּ֣י ׀ הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֗לֶּה כָּרַ֧תִּי אִתְּךָ֛ בְּרִ֖ית וְאֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *YHWH* to-*mōšeh* *kətāb*-to-you *ʾet*-*ha-dəbārîm* *hā-ʾēlleh* *kî* on-*pî* *ha-dəbārîm* *hā-ʾēleh* *kārattî* with-you *bərît* and-*ʾet*-*yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper name - Yahweh/LORD", "*mōšeh*": "proper name - Moses", "*kətāb*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - write", "*ha-dəbārîm*": "definite article + masculine plural - the words", "*hā-ʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative adjective plural - these", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*pî*": "masculine singular construct - mouth of", "*ha-dəbārîm*": "definite article + masculine plural - the words", "*hā-ʾēleh*": "definite article + demonstrative adjective plural - these", "*kārattî*": "Qal perfect 1st common singular - I have cut", "*bərît*": "feminine singular - covenant", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmer*": "said/spoke/commanded", "*kətāb*": "write/inscribe/record", "*dəbārîm*": "words/matters/things", "*pî*": "mouth/word/command", "*kārattî*": "cut/make (covenant)/establish", "*bərît*": "covenant/treaty/agreement" } } 28 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.28", "source": "וֽ͏ַיְהִי־שָׁ֣ם עִם־יְהוָ֗ה אַרְבָּעִ֥ים יוֹם֙ וְאַרְבָּעִ֣ים לַ֔יְלָה לֶ֚חֶם לֹ֣א אָכַ֔ל וּמַ֖יִם לֹ֣א שָׁתָ֑ה וַיִּכְתֹּ֣ב עַל־הַלֻּחֹ֗ת אֵ֚ת דִּבְרֵ֣י הַבְּרִ֔ית עֲשֶׂ֖רֶת הַדְּבָרִֽים׃", "text": "*wa-yəhî*-there with-*YHWH* *ʾarbāʿîm* *yôm* *wə-ʾarbāʿîm* *laylāh* *leḥem* *lōʾ* *ʾākal* *û-mayim* *lōʾ* *šātāh* *wa-yiktōb* on-*ha-luḥōt* *ʾēt* *dibrê* *ha-bərît* *ʿăśeret* *ha-dəbārîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he was", "*YHWH*": "proper name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾarbāʿîm*": "cardinal number - forty", "*yôm*": "masculine singular - day", "*wə-ʾarbāʿîm*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and forty", "*laylāh*": "masculine singular - night", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular - bread", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾākal*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he ate", "*û-mayim*": "conjunction + masculine plural - and water", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*šātāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he drank", "*wa-yiktōb*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he wrote", "*ha-luḥōt*": "definite article + feminine plural - the tablets", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*dibrê*": "masculine plural construct - words of", "*ha-bərît*": "definite article + feminine singular - the covenant", "*ʿăśeret*": "feminine singular construct - ten of", "*ha-dəbārîm*": "definite article + masculine plural - the words" }, "variants": { "*yəhî*": "was/existed/remained", "*leḥem*": "bread/food", "*ʾākal*": "ate/consumed/devoured", "*šātāh*": "drank/consumed", "*yiktōb*": "wrote/inscribed/recorded", "*luḥōt*": "tablets/plates", "*dibrê*": "words/matters/things of", "*ʿăśeret*": "ten/decade", "*dəbārîm*": "words/commandments/sayings" } } 29 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.29", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י בְּרֶ֤דֶת מֹשֶׁה֙ מֵהַ֣ר סִינַ֔י וּשְׁנֵ֨י לֻחֹ֤ת הָֽעֵדֻת֙ בְּיַד־מֹשֶׁ֔ה בְּרִדְתּ֖וֹ מִן־הָהָ֑ר וּמֹשֶׁ֣ה לֹֽא־יָדַ֗ע כִּ֥י קָרַ֛ן ע֥וֹר פָּנָ֖יו בְּדַבְּר֥וֹ אִתּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wa-yəhî* in-*redet* *mōšeh* from-*har* *sînay* and-two *luḥōt* *hā-ʿēdut* in-hand-*mōšeh* in-*ridtô* from-*hā-hār* and-*mōšeh* *lōʾ*-*yādaʿ* *kî* *qāran* *ʿôr* *pānāyw* in-*dabbərô* with-him", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass", "*redet*": "Qal infinitive construct - coming down of", "*mōšeh*": "proper name - Moses", "*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*sînay*": "proper name - Sinai", "*luḥōt*": "feminine plural construct - tablets of", "*hā-ʿēdut*": "definite article + feminine singular - the testimony", "*mōšeh*": "proper name - Moses", "*ridtô*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his coming down", "*hā-hār*": "definite article + masculine singular - the mountain", "*mōšeh*": "proper name - Moses", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādaʿ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he knew", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*qāran*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it shone/had horns", "*ʿôr*": "masculine singular construct - skin of", "*pānāyw*": "masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his face", "*dabbərô*": "Piel infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his speaking" }, "variants": { "*yəhî*": "it happened/it came to pass", "*redet*": "coming down/descending", "*luḥōt*": "tablets/plates", "*ʿēdut*": "testimony/witness", "*yādaʿ*": "knew/was aware/perceived", "*qāran*": "shone/emitted rays/had horns", "*ʿôr*": "skin/hide/leather", "*dabbərô*": "his speaking/his talking" } } 30 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.30", "source": "וַיַּ֨רְא אַהֲרֹ֜ן וְכָל־בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֔ה וְהִנֵּ֥ה קָרַ֖ן ע֣וֹר פָּנָ֑יו וַיִּֽירְא֖וּ מִגֶּ֥שֶׁת אֵלָֽיו׃", "text": "*wa-yar* *ʾahărōn* and-all-*bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʾet*-*mōšeh* *wə-hinnēh* *qāran* *ʿôr* *pānāyw* *wa-yîrəʾû* from-*geššet* to-him", "grammar": { "*wa-yar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he saw", "*ʾahărōn*": "proper name - Aaron", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*mōšeh*": "proper name - Moses", "*wə-hinnēh*": "conjunction + interjection - and behold", "*qāran*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it shone/had horns", "*ʿôr*": "masculine singular construct - skin of", "*pānāyw*": "masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his face", "*wa-yîrəʾû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they feared", "*geššet*": "Qal infinitive construct - drawing near" }, "variants": { "*yar*": "saw/perceived/observed", "*bənê*": "sons/children of", "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*qāran*": "shone/emitted rays/had horns", "*ʿôr*": "skin/hide/leather", "*yîrəʾû*": "feared/were afraid/dreaded", "*geššet*": "drawing near/approaching" } } 31 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.31", "source": "וַיִּקְרָ֤א אֲלֵהֶם֙ מֹשֶׁ֔ה וַיָּשֻׁ֧בוּ אֵלָ֛יו אַהֲרֹ֥ן וְכָל־הַנְּשִׂאִ֖ים בָּעֵדָ֑ה וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר מֹשֶׁ֖ה אֲלֵהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yiqrāʾ* to-them *mōšeh* *wa-yāšubû* to-him *ʾahărōn* and-all-*ha-nəśîʾîm* in-*hā-ʿēdāh* *wa-yədabbēr* *mōšeh* to-them", "grammar": { "*wa-yiqrāʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*mōšeh*": "proper name - Moses", "*wa-yāšubû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they returned", "*ʾahărōn*": "proper name - Aaron", "*ha-nəśîʾîm*": "definite article + masculine plural - the leaders", "*hā-ʿēdāh*": "definite article + feminine singular - the congregation", "*wa-yədabbēr*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he spoke", "*mōšeh*": "proper name - Moses" }, "variants": { "*yiqrāʾ*": "called/summoned/proclaimed", "*yāšubû*": "returned/came back/turned", "*nəśîʾîm*": "leaders/chiefs/princes", "*ʿēdāh*": "congregation/assembly/community", "*yədabbēr*": "spoke/talked/said" } } 32 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.32", "source": "וְאַחֲרֵי־כֵ֥ן נִגְּשׁ֖וּ כָּל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיְצַוֵּ֕ם אֵת֩ כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אִתּ֖וֹ בְּהַ֥ר סִינָֽי׃", "text": "And-after-this *niggəšû* all-*bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* *wa-yəṣawwēm* *ʾēt* all-*ʾăšer* *dibber* *YHWH* with-him in-*har* *sînāy*", "grammar": { "*niggəšû*": "Niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they drew near", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*wa-yəṣawwēm*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he commanded them", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*dibber*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper name - Yahweh/LORD", "*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*sînāy*": "proper name - Sinai" }, "variants": { "*niggəšû*": "drew near/approached/came close", "*bənê*": "sons/children of", "*yəṣawwēm*": "commanded them/ordered them/instructed them", "*dibber*": "spoke/said/uttered" } } 33 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.33", "source": "וַיְכַ֣ל מֹשֶׁ֔ה מִדַּבֵּ֖ר אִתָּ֑ם וַיִּתֵּ֥ן עַל־פָּנָ֖יו מַסְוֶֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yəkal* *Mōšeh* from-*dabbēr* *ʾittām* *wə-yittēn* upon-*pānāyw* *masweh*", "grammar": { "*wə-yəkal*": "waw-consecutive + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he finished", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses", "*dabbēr*": "piel infinitive construct - speaking/to speak", "*ʾittām*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - with them", "*wə-yittēn*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he put/placed", "*pānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his face", "*masweh*": "noun, masculine singular - veil/covering" }, "variants": { "*wə-yəkal*": "finished/completed/ended", "*dabbēr*": "speaking/talking/communicating", "*wə-yittēn*": "put/placed/set", "*pānāyw*": "face/countenance/presence", "*masweh*": "veil/covering/mask" } } 34 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.34", "source": "וּבְבֹ֨א מֹשֶׁ֜ה לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ לְדַבֵּ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ יָסִ֥יר אֶת־הַמַּסְוֶ֖ה עַד־צֵאת֑וֹ וְיָצָ֗א וְדִבֶּר֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֵ֖ת אֲשֶׁ֥ר יְצֻוֶּֽה׃", "text": "*û-ḇə-ḇōʾ* *Mōšeh* to-*pənê* *YHWH* to-*dabbēr* *ʾittô* *yāsîr* *ʾet*-the-*masweh* until-*ṣēʾtô* *wə-yāṣāʾ* *wə-dibbēr* to-*bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʾēt* which *yəṣuwweh*", "grammar": { "*û-ḇə-ḇōʾ*": "waw-conjunctive + preposition + qal infinitive construct - and when entering", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - before/face of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*dabbēr*": "piel infinitive construct - to speak", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him", "*yāsîr*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he would remove", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*masweh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the veil", "*ṣēʾtô*": "qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his going out", "*wə-yāṣāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went out", "*wə-dibbēr*": "waw-consecutive + piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he spoke", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*yəṣuwweh*": "pual imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he was commanded" }, "variants": { "*û-ḇə-ḇōʾ*": "and when entering/coming/going in", "*pənê*": "before/face of/presence of", "*dabbēr*": "to speak/talk/communicate", "*yāsîr*": "would remove/take away/turn aside", "*masweh*": "veil/covering/mask", "*ṣēʾtô*": "his going out/exiting/departing", "*wə-yāṣāʾ*": "and he went out/came out/departed", "*wə-dibbēr*": "and he spoke/said/told", "*yəṣuwweh*": "he was commanded/ordered/instructed" } } 35 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.35", "source": "וְרָא֤וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶת־פְּנֵ֣י מֹשֶׁ֔ה כִּ֣י קָרַ֔ן ע֖וֹר פְּנֵ֣י מֹשֶׁ֑ה וְהֵשִׁ֨יב מֹשֶׁ֤ה אֶת־הַמַּסְוֶה֙ עַל־פָּנָ֔יו עַד־בֹּא֖וֹ לְדַבֵּ֥ר אִתּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-rāʾû* *bənê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* *ʾet*-*pənê* *Mōšeh* *kî* *qāran* *ʿôr* *pənê* *Mōšeh* *wə-hēšîḇ* *Mōšeh* *ʾet*-the-*masweh* upon-*pānāyw* until-*bōʾô* to-*dabbēr* *ʾittô*", "grammar": { "*wə-rāʾû*": "waw-consecutive + qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they saw", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Moses", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/because/for", "*qāran*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - shone/sent forth rays", "*ʿôr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - skin of", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of", "*wə-hēšîḇ*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he returned/put back", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*masweh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the veil", "*pānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his face", "*bōʾô*": "qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his coming/entering", "*dabbēr*": "piel infinitive construct - to speak", "*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him" }, "variants": { "*wə-rāʾû*": "and they saw/observed/noticed", "*kî*": "that/because/for/when", "*qāran*": "shone/sent forth rays/was radiant/was horned", "*ʿôr*": "skin/hide/leather", "*wə-hēšîḇ*": "and he returned/put back/replaced", "*masweh*": "veil/covering/mask", "*bōʾô*": "his coming/entering/going in", "*dabbēr*": "to speak/talk/communicate" } }
• Lev 15:32 : 32 { "verseID": "Leviticus.15.32", "source": "זֹ֥את תּוֹרַ֖ת הַזָּ֑ב וַאֲשֶׁ֨ר תֵּצֵ֥א מִמֶּ֛נּוּ שִׁכְבַת־זֶ֖רַע לְטָמְאָה־בָֽהּ׃", "text": "This *tôrat* the *hazzāb*, and who *tēṣēʾ* from him *šikbat-zeraʿ* for *lĕṭomʾāh-bāh*", "grammar": { "*tôrat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - law of/instruction of", "*hazzāb*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine singular - the one with discharge", "*tēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it goes out", "*šikbat-zeraʿ*": "noun in construct - emission of seed/semen", "*lĕṭomʾāh-bāh*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - to become unclean by it" }, "variants": { "*tôrat*": "law/instruction/teaching", "*šikbat-zeraʿ*": "emission of seed/semen/ejaculation" } }
• Deut 4:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.8", "source": "וּמִי֙ גּ֣וֹי גָּד֔וֹל אֲשֶׁר־ל֛וֹ חֻקִּ֥ים וּמִשְׁפָּטִ֖ים צַדִּיקִ֑ם כְּכֹל֙ הַתּוֹרָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁ֧ר אָנֹכִ֛י נֹתֵ֥ן לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם הַיּֽוֹם", "text": "And-who *gôy* *gādôl* which-to-him *ḥuqqîm* and-*mishpāṭîm* *ṣaddîqim* like-all the-*tôrâ* the-this which *ʾānōkî* *nōtēn* before-you *hayyôm*", "grammar": { "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular construct - nation of", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/large", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*lô*": "preposition with third person masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ḥuqqîm*": "noun, masculine plural - statutes/decrees", "*mishpāṭîm*": "noun, masculine plural - judgments/ordinances", "*ṣaddîqim*": "adjective, masculine plural - righteous/just", "*kᵉkōl*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular construct - like all of", "*tôrâ*": "noun, feminine singular - law/instruction", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʾānōkî*": "pronoun, first person singular - I", "*nōtēn*": "participle, qal, masculine singular - giving", "*lipnêkem*": "preposition with noun, masculine dual with second person masculine plural suffix - before you", "*hayyôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day/today" }, "variants": { "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*gādôl*": "great/large/important", "*ḥuqqîm*": "statutes/decrees/prescribed limits", "*mishpāṭîm*": "judgments/ordinances/legal decisions", "*ṣaddîqim*": "righteous/just/fair/legitimate", "*tôrâ*": "law/instruction/teaching/direction", "*nōtēn*": "giving/placing/setting", "*hayyôm*": "the day/today/at this time" } } 9 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.4.9", "source": "רַ֡ק הִשָּׁ֣מֶר לְךָ֩ וּשְׁמֹ֨ר נַפְשְׁךָ֜ מְאֹ֗ד פֶּן־תִּשְׁכַּ֨ח אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֜ים אֲשֶׁר־רָא֣וּ עֵינֶ֗יךָ וּפֶן־יָס֙וּרוּ֙ מִלְּבָ֣בְךָ֔ כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֣י חַיֶּ֑יךָ וְהוֹדַעְתָּ֥ם לְבָנֶ֖יךָ וְלִבְנֵ֥י בָנֶֽיךָ", "text": "Only *hishshāmer* to-you and-*ushᵉmōr* your-*napshᵉkā* *mᵉʾōd* lest-*tishkkaḥ* *ʾet*-the-*dᵉbārîm* which-*rāʾû* your-*ʿênêkā* and-lest-*yāsûrû* from-your-*lᵉbābᵉkā*, all *yᵉmê* your-*ḥayyêkā* and-*wᵉhôdaʿtām* to-your-*bānêkā* and-to-*libnê* your-*bānêkā*", "grammar": { "*raq*": "adverb - only/surely", "*hishshāmer*": "verb, niphal imperative, masculine singular - take heed/be careful", "*lᵉkā*": "preposition with second person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*shᵉmōr*": "verb, qal imperative, masculine singular - guard/keep", "*napshᵉkā*": "noun, feminine singular with second person masculine singular suffix - your soul", "*mᵉʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*pen*": "conjunction - lest/so that not", "*tishkkaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect, second person masculine singular - you forget", "*dᵉbārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - words/things", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*rāʾû*": "verb, qal perfect, third person common plural - they saw", "*ʿênêkā*": "noun, feminine dual with second person masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*yāsûrû*": "verb, qal imperfect, third person masculine plural - they depart/turn aside", "*millᵉbābᵉkā*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular with second person masculine singular suffix - from your heart", "*kōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*yᵉmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*ḥayyêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with second person masculine singular suffix - your life", "*wᵉhôdaʿtām*": "conjunction with verb, hiphil perfect, second person masculine singular with third person masculine plural suffix - and you shall make them known", "*lᵉbānêkā*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural with second person masculine singular suffix - to your sons", "*libnê*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural construct - to sons of", "*bānêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with second person masculine singular suffix - your sons" }, "variants": { "*hishshāmer*": "take heed/be careful/guard yourself/beware", "*shᵉmōr*": "guard/keep/watch/preserve", "*napshᵉkā*": "your soul/your life/yourself", "*mᵉʾōd*": "very/exceedingly/greatly/diligently", "*tishkkaḥ*": "you forget/you neglect", "*dᵉbārîm*": "words/things/matters/events", "*rāʾû*": "they saw/they witnessed/they observed", "*yāsûrû*": "they depart/they turn aside/they are removed", "*lᵉbābᵉkā*": "your heart/your mind/your inner self", "*yᵉmê*": "days/lifetime/period", "*ḥayyêkā*": "your life/your lifetime", "*wᵉhôdaʿtām*": "and you shall make them known/and you shall teach them" } }