Verse 31

{ "verseID": "Ephesians.4.31", "source": "Πᾶσα πικρία, καὶ θυμὸς, καὶ ὀργὴ, καὶ κραυγὴ, καὶ βλασφημία, ἀρθήτω ἀφʼ ὑμῶν, σὺν πάσῃ κακίᾳ:", "text": "All *pikria*, and *thymos*, and *orgē*, and *kraugē*, and *blasphēmia*, let be *arthētō* from you, with all *kakia*:", "grammar": { "*pikria*": "nominative feminine singular - bitterness", "*thymos*": "nominative masculine singular - wrath/rage", "*orgē*": "nominative feminine singular - anger", "*kraugē*": "nominative feminine singular - clamor/outcry", "*blasphēmia*": "nominative feminine singular - slander/evil speaking", "*arthētō*": "aorist passive imperative, 3rd singular - let be taken away", "*kakia*": "dative feminine singular - with malice/evil" }, "variants": { "*pikria*": "bitterness/harshness", "*thymos*": "wrath/rage/passionate anger", "*orgē*": "anger/indignation", "*kraugē*": "clamor/outcry/shouting", "*blasphēmia*": "slander/evil speaking/abusive speech", "*arthētō*": "be taken away/removed", "*kakia*": "malice/evil/wickedness" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • Col 3:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Colossians.3.8", "source": "Νυνὶ δὲ ἀπόθεσθε καὶ ὑμεῖς τὰ πάντα· ὀργήν, θυμόν, κακίαν, βλασφημίαν, αἰσχρολογίαν ἐκ τοῦ στόματος ὑμῶν.", "text": "*Nyni* *de* *apothesthe* also you the *panta*: *orgēn*, *thymon*, *kakian*, *blasphēmian*, *aischrologian* from the *stomatos* of you.", "grammar": { "*nyni*": "temporal adverb - now", "*de*": "contrastive particle - but/now", "*apothesthe*": "aorist middle imperative, 2nd person plural - put off/put away", "*kai*": "adverbial conjunction - also/even", "*hymeis*": "nominative, 2nd person plural pronoun - you", "*panta*": "accusative, neuter, plural - all things", "*orgēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - wrath/anger", "*thymon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - rage/passionate anger", "*kakian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - malice/evil", "*blasphēmian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - blasphemy/slander", "*aischrologian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - filthy language/obscene speech", "*ek*": "preposition with genitive - from/out of", "*stomatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - mouth", "*hymōn*": "genitive, 2nd person plural pronoun - of you/your" }, "variants": { "*apothesthe*": "put off/put away/remove", "*panta*": "all things/everything", "*orgēn*": "wrath/anger/indignation", "*thymon*": "rage/passionate anger/fury", "*kakian*": "malice/evil/wickedness", "*blasphēmian*": "blasphemy/slander/defamation", "*aischrologian*": "filthy language/obscene speech/abusive speech" } }
  • Eccl 7:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.7.9", "source": "אַל־תְּבַהֵל בְּרוּחֲךָ לִכְעוֹס כִּי כַעַס בְּחֵיק כְּסִילִים יָנוּחַ", "text": "*ʾAl*-*təḇahēl* in-*rûḥăḵā* *liḵʿôs* *kî* *ḵaʿas* in-*ḥêq* *kəsîlîm* *yānûaḥ*", "grammar": { "*ʾAl*": "negative particle - do not", "*təḇahēl*": "Piel imperfect 2nd masculine singular - hasten/be anxious", "*rûḥăḵā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your spirit", "*liḵʿôs*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - to be angry", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ḵaʿas*": "noun, masculine singular - anger", "*ḥêq*": "noun, masculine singular construct - bosom of", "*kəsîlîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - fools", "*yānûaḥ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - rests/settles" }, "variants": { "*təḇahēl*": "be hasty/be quick-tempered/be impetuous", "*rûḥăḵā*": "your spirit/your temper", "*liḵʿôs*": "to be angry/to be provoked", "*ḵaʿas*": "anger/vexation/irritation", "*ḥêq*": "bosom/lap/inner being", "*yānûaḥ*": "rests/dwells/settles" } }
  • 1 Pet 2:1 : 1 { "verseID": "1 Peter.2.1", "source": "¶Ἀποθέμενοι οὖν πᾶσαν κακίαν, καὶ πάντα δόλον, καὶ ὑποκρίσεις, καὶ φθόνους, καὶ πάσας καταλαλιάς,", "text": "*Apothemenoi oun* all *kakian*, and all *dolon*, and *hypokriseis*, and *phthonous*, and all *katalalias*,", "grammar": { "*Apothemenoi*": "aorist middle participle, masculine plural nominative - having put away/laid aside", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*kakian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - malice/evil", "*dolon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - deceit/guile", "*hypokriseis*": "accusative, feminine, plural - hypocrisies/pretensions", "*phthonous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - envies/jealousies", "*katalalias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - evil speakings/slanders" }, "variants": { "*Apothemenoi*": "having put away/having stripped off/having laid aside", "*kakian*": "malice/evil/wickedness/ill-will", "*dolon*": "deceit/guile/trickery/craftiness", "*hypokriseis*": "hypocrisies/pretenses/play-acting", "*phthonous*": "envies/jealousies/ill-will", "*katalalias*": "slanders/evil speakings/backbitings" } }
  • Eph 4:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Ephesians.4.26", "source": "Ὀργίζεσθε, καὶ μὴ ἁμαρτάνετε: ὁ ἥλιος μὴ ἐπιδυέτω ἐπὶ τῷ παροργισμῷ ὑμῶν:", "text": "Be *orgizesthe*, and not *hamartanete*: the *hēlios* not let *epidyetō* upon the *parorgismō* of you:", "grammar": { "*orgizesthe*": "present middle/passive imperative, 2nd plural - be angry", "*hamartanete*": "present active imperative, 2nd plural - sin", "*hēlios*": "nominative masculine singular - sun", "*epidyetō*": "present active imperative, 3rd singular - let set/go down", "*parorgismō*": "dative masculine singular - upon provocation/anger" }, "variants": { "*orgizesthe*": "be angry/be provoked", "*hamartanete*": "sin/err/miss the mark", "*hēlios*": "sun", "*epidyetō*": "set/go down", "*parorgismō*": "provocation/anger/wrath" } }
  • Titus 3:2-3 : 2 { "verseID": "Titus.3.2", "source": "Μηδένα βλασφημεῖν, ἀμάχους εἶναι, ἐπιεικεῖς, πᾶσαν ἐνδεικνυμένους πρᾳότητα πρὸς πάντας ἀνθρώπους.", "text": "*Mēdena blasphēmein*, *amachous einai*, *epieikeis*, *pasan endeiknumenous praotēta pros pantas anthrōpous*.", "grammar": { "*Mēdena*": "accusative, masculine, singular - no one/nobody", "*blasphēmein*": "present active infinitive - to revile/speak evil of", "*amachous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - not quarrelsome/peaceable", "*einai*": "present infinitive - to be", "*epieikeis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - gentle/forbearing/reasonable", "*pasan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - all/every", "*endeiknumenous*": "present middle participle, accusative, masculine, plural - showing/displaying", "*praotēta*": "accusative, feminine, singular - gentleness/meekness", "*pros*": "preposition + accusative - toward", "*pantas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - all", "*anthrōpous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - men/people" }, "variants": { "*Mēdena*": "no one/nobody/not anyone", "*blasphēmein*": "to revile/speak evil of/slander/blaspheme", "*amachous*": "not quarrelsome/peaceable/not contentious", "*epieikeis*": "gentle/forbearing/reasonable/fair/mild", "*endeiknumenous*": "showing/displaying/demonstrating/exhibiting", "*praotēta*": "gentleness/meekness/mildness/humility", "*anthrōpous*": "men/people/human beings" } } 3 { "verseID": "Titus.3.3", "source": "Ἦμεν γάρ ποτε καὶ ἡμεῖς ἀνόητοι, ἀπειθεῖς, πλανώμενοι, δουλεύοντες ἐπιθυμίαις καὶ ἡδοναῖς ποικίλαις, ἐν κακίᾳ καὶ φθόνῳ διάγοντες, στυγητοί, μισοῦντες ἀλλήλους.", "text": "*Ēmen gar pote* and *hēmeis anoētoi*, *apeitheis*, *planōmenoi*, *douleuontes epithymiais* and *hēdonais poikilais*, in *kakia* and *phthonō diagōntes*, *stygētoi*, *misountes allēlous*.", "grammar": { "*Ēmen*": "imperfect, 1st plural - we were", "*gar*": "conjunction - for/because", "*pote*": "adverb - once/formerly/at one time", "*hēmeis*": "nominative, 1st plural - we", "*anoētoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - foolish/senseless", "*apeitheis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - disobedient/unbelieving", "*planōmenoi*": "present passive participle, nominative, masculine, plural - being deceived/going astray", "*douleuontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - serving/being slaves to", "*epithymiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - lusts/desires/passions", "*hēdonais*": "dative, feminine, plural - pleasures/enjoyments", "*poikilais*": "dative, feminine, plural - various/diverse", "*kakia*": "dative, feminine, singular - malice/evil/wickedness", "*phthonō*": "dative, masculine, singular - envy/jealousy", "*diagōntes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - living/spending [time]", "*stygētoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - hateful/detestable", "*misountes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - hating", "*allēlous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - one another/each other" }, "variants": { "*anoētoi*": "foolish/senseless/unintelligent/uncomprehending", "*apeitheis*": "disobedient/unbelieving/refusing to be persuaded", "*planōmenoi*": "being deceived/going astray/wandering/being led astray", "*douleuontes*": "serving/being slaves to/being in bondage to", "*epithymiais*": "lusts/desires/passions/cravings", "*hēdonais*": "pleasures/enjoyments/gratifications", "*poikilais*": "various/diverse/manifold/of various kinds", "*kakia*": "malice/evil/wickedness/badness", "*phthonō*": "envy/jealousy/ill-will", "*diagōntes*": "living/spending [time]/passing through life", "*stygētoi*": "hateful/detestable/abhorrent/loathsome", "*misountes*": "hating/detesting" } }
  • Jas 1:19 : 19 { "verseID": "James.1.19", "source": "Ὥστε, ἀδελφοί μου ἀγαπητοί, ἔστω πᾶς ἄνθρωπος ταχὺς εἰς τὸ ἀκοῦσαι, βραδὺς εἰς τὸ λαλῆσαι, βραδὺς εἰς ὀργήν:", "text": "So that, *adelphoi* of me *agapētoi*, let *estō* every *anthrōpos* *tachys* to the *akousai*, *bradys* to the *lalēsai*, *bradys* to *orgēn*:", "grammar": { "*adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - direct address", "*agapētoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - adjective modifying *adelphoi*", "*estō*": "present, active, imperative, 3rd person singular - let be", "*anthrōpos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - subject", "*tachys*": "nominative, masculine, singular - adjective", "*akousai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to hear", "*bradys*": "nominative, masculine, singular - adjective", "*lalēsai*": "aorist, active, infinitive - to speak", "*orgēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - direct object" }, "variants": { "*adelphoi*": "brothers/brethren/fellow believers", "*agapētoi*": "beloved/dear/dearly loved", "*estō*": "let be/must be", "*anthrōpos*": "person/human/man", "*tachys*": "quick/swift/ready", "*akousai*": "to hear/to listen", "*bradys*": "slow/deliberate/hesitant", "*lalēsai*": "to speak/to talk/to say", "*orgēn*": "anger/wrath/rage" } }
  • Col 3:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Colossians.3.19", "source": "Οἱ ἄνδρες, ἀγαπᾶτε τὰς γυναῖκας, καὶ μὴ πικραίνεσθε πρὸς αὐτάς.", "text": "The *andres*, *agapate* the *gynaikas*, and not *pikrainesthe* against them.", "grammar": { "*andres*": "nominative, masculine, plural - husbands/men", "*agapate*": "present active imperative, 2nd person plural - love", "*gynaikas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - wives/women", "*mē*": "negative particle with imperative - do not", "*pikrainesthe*": "present passive imperative, 2nd person plural - be bitter", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - toward/against", "*autas*": "accusative, feminine, plural pronoun - them" }, "variants": { "*andres*": "husbands/men", "*agapate*": "love/show love/cherish", "*gynaikas*": "wives/women", "*pikrainesthe*": "be bitter/harsh/resentful toward" } }
  • Prov 26:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Proverbs.26.20", "source": "בְּאֶ֣פֶס עֵ֭צִים תִּכְבֶּה־אֵ֑שׁ וּבְאֵ֥ין נִ֝רְגָּ֗ן יִשְׁתֹּ֥ק מָדֽוֹן׃", "text": "In-*efes* *etzim* *tikhbeh*-*esh*, and-in-absence-of *nirgan* *yishtoq* *madon*.", "grammar": { "*be*": "preposition - in", "*efes*": "noun, masculine, singular - ceasing/end of", "*etzim*": "noun, masculine, plural - wood/trees", "*tikhbeh*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - goes out", "*esh*": "noun, feminine, singular - fire", "*uve'ein*": "conjunction with preposition and construct particle - and in absence of", "*nirgan*": "verb, Niphal participle, masculine singular - whisperer/talebearer", "*yishtoq*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - ceases", "*madon*": "noun, masculine, singular - strife/contention" }, "variants": { "*efes*": "ceasing/end/no more", "*etzim*": "wood/timber/trees", "*tikhbeh*": "goes out/is extinguished", "*esh*": "fire", "*ein*": "there is not/absence of", "*nirgan*": "whisperer/talebearer/gossip", "*yishtoq*": "ceases/quiets down/is stilled", "*madon*": "strife/contention/quarreling" } }
  • Jas 3:14-4:2 : 14 { "verseID": "James.3.14", "source": "Εἰ δὲ ζῆλον πικρὸν ἔχετε καὶ ἐριθείαν ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ ὑμῶν, μὴ κατακαυχᾶσθε, καὶ ψεύδεσθε κατὰ τῆς ἀληθείας.", "text": "If *de* *zēlon* *pikron* you *echete* and *eritheian* in the *kardia* of you, *mē* *katakauchāsthe*, and *pseudesthe* against the *alētheias*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*zēlon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - jealousy/zeal", "*pikron*": "accusative, masculine, singular - bitter", "*echete*": "present indicative, active, 2nd plural - you have", "*eritheian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - selfish ambition/rivalry", "*kardia*": "dative, feminine, singular - heart", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*katakauchāsthe*": "present imperative, middle, 2nd plural - boast/glory", "*pseudesthe*": "present imperative, middle, 2nd plural - lie/speak falsely", "*alētheias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - truth" }, "variants": { "*zēlon*": "jealousy/zeal/envy", "*pikron*": "bitter/harsh", "*eritheian*": "selfish ambition/rivalry/strife", "*kardia*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*katakauchāsthe*": "boast/glory/pride yourselves", "*pseudesthe*": "lie/speak falsely/deceive", "*alētheias*": "truth/reality" } } 15 { "verseID": "James.3.15", "source": "Οὐκ ἔστιν αὕτη ἡ σοφία ἄνωθεν κατερχομένη, ἀλλʼ ἐπίγειος, ψυχική, δαιμονιώδης.", "text": "Not *estin* this the *sophia* from *anōthen* *katerchomenē*, but *epigeios*, *psychikē*, *daimoniōdēs*.", "grammar": { "*estin*": "present indicative, active, 3rd singular - is", "*sophia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - wisdom", "*anōthen*": "adverb - from above/from the beginning", "*katerchomenē*": "present participle, middle, nominative, feminine, singular - coming down", "*epigeios*": "nominative, feminine, singular - earthly/worldly", "*psychikē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - natural/unspiritual", "*daimoniōdēs*": "nominative, feminine, singular - demonic" }, "variants": { "*sophia*": "wisdom/skill/knowledge", "*anōthen*": "from above/from heaven/from God", "*katerchomenē*": "coming down/descending", "*epigeios*": "earthly/worldly/terrestrial", "*psychikē*": "natural/unspiritual/belonging to the soul", "*daimoniōdēs*": "demonic/devilish/inspired by demons" } } 16 { "verseID": "James.3.16", "source": "Ὅπου γὰρ ζῆλος καὶ ἐριθεία, ἐκεῖ ἀκαταστασία καὶ πᾶν φαῦλον πρᾶγμα.", "text": "Where *gar* *zēlos* and *eritheia*, there *akatastasia* and every *phaulon* *pragma*.", "grammar": { "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*zēlos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - jealousy/zeal", "*eritheia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - selfish ambition/rivalry", "*akatastasia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - disorder/confusion", "*phaulon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - worthless/evil", "*pragma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - thing/deed/matter" }, "variants": { "*zēlos*": "jealousy/zeal/envy", "*eritheia*": "selfish ambition/rivalry/strife", "*akatastasia*": "disorder/confusion/instability", "*phaulon*": "worthless/evil/base/vile", "*pragma*": "thing/deed/matter/practice" } } 17 { "verseID": "James.3.17", "source": "Ἡ δὲ ἄνωθεν σοφία πρῶτον μὲν ἁγνή ἐστιν, ἔπειτα εἰρηνική, ἐπιεικής, εὐπειθής, μεστὴ ἐλέους καὶ καρπῶν ἀγαθῶν, ἀδιάκριτος, καὶ ἀνυπόκριτος.", "text": "The *de* from *anōthen* *sophia* *prōton* *men* *hagnē* *estin*, *epeita* *eirēnikē*, *epieikēs*, *eupeithēs*, *mestē* *eleous* and *karpōn* *agathōn*, *adiakritos*, and *anypokritos*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*anōthen*": "adverb - from above", "*sophia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - wisdom", "*prōton*": "adverb - first/firstly", "*men*": "particle introducing first in a series - indeed", "*hagnē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - pure", "*estin*": "present indicative, active, 3rd singular - is", "*epeita*": "adverb - then/afterwards", "*eirēnikē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - peaceable", "*epieikēs*": "nominative, feminine, singular - gentle/reasonable", "*eupeithēs*": "nominative, feminine, singular - compliant/easily persuaded", "*mestē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - full", "*eleous*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of mercy", "*karpōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of fruits", "*agathōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - good", "*adiakritos*": "nominative, feminine, singular - impartial/without partiality", "*anypokritos*": "nominative, feminine, singular - genuine/sincere" }, "variants": { "*anōthen*": "from above/from heaven/from God", "*hagnē*": "pure/chaste/holy", "*eirēnikē*": "peaceable/peaceful", "*epieikēs*": "gentle/reasonable/fair", "*eupeithēs*": "compliant/willing to yield/easily persuaded", "*eleous*": "mercy/compassion", "*karpōn*": "fruits/results/products", "*agathōn*": "good/beneficial", "*adiakritos*": "impartial/without partiality/without uncertainty", "*anypokritos*": "sincere/genuine/without hypocrisy" } } 18 { "verseID": "James.3.18", "source": "Καρπὸς δὲ τῆς δικαιοσύνης ἐν εἰρήνῃ σπείρεται τοῖς ποιοῦσιν εἰρήνην.", "text": "*Karpos* *de* of the *dikaiosynēs* in *eirēnē* *speiretai* for those *poiousin* *eirēnēn*.", "grammar": { "*Karpos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - fruit", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*dikaiosynēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of righteousness", "*eirēnē*": "dative, feminine, singular - peace", "*speiretai*": "present indicative, passive, 3rd singular - is sown", "*poiousin*": "present participle, active, dative, masculine, plural - making/doing", "*eirēnēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - peace" }, "variants": { "*Karpos*": "fruit/harvest/result", "*dikaiosynēs*": "righteousness/justice/right conduct", "*eirēnē*": "peace/harmony", "*speiretai*": "is sown/planted", "*poiousin*": "making/doing/producing", "*eirēnēn*": "peace/harmony" } } 1 { "verseID": "James.4.1", "source": "Πόθεν πόλεμοι καὶ μάχαι ἐν ὑμῖν; οὐκ ἐντεῦθεν, ἐκ τῶν ἡδονῶν ὑμῶν τῶν στρατευομένων ἐν τοῖς μέλεσιν ὑμῶν;", "text": "From where *polemoi* and *machai* in you? not *enteuthen*, from the *hēdonōn* of you the ones *strateuomenōn* in the *melesin* of you?", "grammar": { "*polemoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - wars/conflicts", "*machai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - fights/quarrels", "*enteuthen*": "adverb - from here/from this source", "*hēdonōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - pleasures/desires", "*strateuomenōn*": "present middle/passive participle, genitive, feminine, plural - waging war/campaigning", "*melesin*": "dative, neuter, plural - members/limbs/parts of body" }, "variants": { "*polemoi*": "wars/conflicts/fighting", "*machai*": "fights/quarrels/contentions", "*hēdonōn*": "pleasures/lusts/desires", "*strateuomenōn*": "waging war/campaigning/battling", "*melesin*": "members/limbs/body parts" } } 2 { "verseID": "James.4.2", "source": "Ἐπιθυμεῖτε, καὶ οὐκ ἔχετε: φονεύετε, καὶ ζηλοῦτε, καὶ οὐ δύνασθε ἐπιτυχεῖν: μάχεσθε καὶ πολεμεῖτε, οὐκ ἔχετε δὲ, διὰ τὸ μὴ αἰτεῖσθαι ὑμᾶς.", "text": "You *epithymeite*, and not *echete*: you *phoneuete*, and you *zēloute*, and not you *dynasthe epitychein*: you *machesthe* and you *polemeite*, not *echete* *de*, through the not *aiteisthai* you.", "grammar": { "*epithymeite*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - desire/lust", "*echete*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - have/possess", "*phoneuete*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - murder/kill", "*zēloute*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - covet/envy/are zealous", "*dynasthe*": "present middle/passive indicative, 2nd plural - are able/can", "*epitychein*": "aorist active infinitive - obtain/achieve", "*machesthe*": "present middle/passive indicative, 2nd plural - fight/quarrel", "*polemeite*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - wage war/battle", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/now", "*aiteisthai*": "present middle/passive infinitive - ask/request" }, "variants": { "*epithymeite*": "desire/lust/crave", "*phoneuete*": "murder/kill/slay", "*zēloute*": "are jealous/covet/envy/are zealous", "*epitychein*": "obtain/achieve/acquire", "*machesthe*": "fight/quarrel/contend", "*polemeite*": "wage war/battle/fight", "*aiteisthai*": "ask/request/beg" } }
  • Jas 4:11 : 11 { "verseID": "James.4.11", "source": "Μὴ καταλαλεῖτε ἀλλήλων, ἀδελφοί. Ὁ καταλαλῶν ἀδελφοῦ, καὶ κρίνων τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ, καταλαλεῖ νόμου, καὶ κρίνει νόμον: εἰ δὲ νόμον κρίνεις, οὐκ εἶ ποιητὴς νόμου, ἀλλὰ κριτής.", "text": "Not *katalaleite* one another, *adelphoi*. The one *katalalōn adelphou*, and *krinōn* the *adelphon* of him, *katalalei nomou*, and *krinei nomon*: if *de nomon krineis*, not you *ei poiētēs nomou*, but *kritēs*.", "grammar": { "*katalaleite*": "present active imperative, 2nd plural - speak evil of/slander", "*adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers/brethren", "*katalalōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - speaking evil of/slandering", "*adelphou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - brother", "*krinōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - judging", "*adelphon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - brother", "*katalalei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - speaks evil of/slanders", "*nomou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - law", "*krinei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - judges", "*nomon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - law", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/now", "*krineis*": "present active indicative, 2nd singular - judge", "*ei*": "present active indicative, 2nd singular - are/exist", "*poiētēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - doer/maker", "*kritēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - judge" }, "variants": { "*katalaleite*": "speak evil of/slander/criticize", "*adelphoi*": "brothers/brethren/siblings", "*katalalōn*": "speaking evil of/slandering/criticizing", "*adelphou*": "brother/fellow believer", "*krinōn*": "judging/criticizing/condemning", "*adelphon*": "brother/fellow believer", "*katalalei*": "speaks evil of/slanders/criticizes", "*nomou*": "law/rule", "*krinei*": "judges/criticizes/condemns", "*nomon*": "law/rule", "*krineis*": "judge/criticize/condemn", "*ei*": "are/exist", "*poiētēs*": "doer/maker/performer", "*kritēs*": "judge/critic" } }
  • 1 Cor 14:20 : 20 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.14.20", "source": "Ἀδελφοί, μὴ παιδία γίνεσθε ταῖς φρεσίν: ἀλλὰ τῇ κακίᾳ νηπιάζετε, ταῖς δὲ φρεσὶν τέλειοι γίνεσθε.", "text": "*Adelphoi*, *mē* *paidia* *ginesthe* in-the *phresin*: *alla* in-the *kakia* *nēpiazete*, in-the *de* *phresin* *teleioi* *ginesthe*.", "grammar": { "*Adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers/brethren", "*mē*": "negative particle - not [with imperative force]", "*paidia*": "nominative, neuter, plural - children", "*ginesthe*": "present imperative, 2nd plural - become/be", "*phresin*": "dative, feminine, plural - in minds/thinking/understanding", "*alla*": "strong adversative conjunction - but/rather/on the contrary", "*kakia*": "dative, feminine, singular - in evil/malice/wickedness", "*nēpiazete*": "present imperative, 2nd plural - be infants/childlike", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and/now [contrast]", "*phresin*": "dative, feminine, plural - in minds/thinking/understanding", "*teleioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - mature/complete/perfect", "*ginesthe*": "present imperative, 2nd plural - become/be" }, "variants": { "*Adelphoi*": "brothers/brethren/siblings [members of the Christian community]", "*paidia*": "children/young ones", "*phresin*": "minds/thinking/understanding/mental faculties", "*kakia*": "evil/malice/wickedness/vice", "*nēpiazete*": "be infants/be childlike/be immature/be innocent", "*teleioi*": "mature/complete/perfect/full-grown" } }
  • 2 Cor 12:20 : 20 { "verseID": "2 Corinthians.12.20", "source": "Φοβοῦμαι γὰρ, μή πως, ἐλθὼν, οὐχ οἵους θέλω εὕρω ὑμᾶς, κἀγὼ εὑρεθῶ ὑμῖν οἷον οὐ θέλετε: μή πως ἔρεις, ζῆλοι, θυμοί, ἐριθείαι, καταλαλιαί, ψιθυρισμοί, φυσιώσεις, ἀκαταστασίαι:", "text": "I *phoboumai* for, *mē pōs*, having *elthōn*, not such as I *thelō eurō* you, and I *heurethō* to you such as not you *thelete*: *mē pōs* *ereis*, *zēloi*, *thymoi*, *eritheiai*, *katalaliai*, *psithyrismoi*, *physiōseis*, *akatastasiai*:", "grammar": { "*phoboumai*": "present indicative, middle/passive, 1st singular - I fear", "*mē pōs*": "negative particle with indefinite adverb - lest somehow", "*elthōn*": "aorist participle, active, nominative, masculine, singular - having come", "*thelō*": "present indicative, active, 1st singular - I wish/want", "*eurō*": "aorist subjunctive, active, 1st singular - I might find", "*heurethō*": "aorist subjunctive, passive, 1st singular - I might be found", "*thelete*": "present indicative, active, 2nd plural - you wish/want", "*ereis*": "nominative, feminine, plural - strifes/contentions", "*zēloi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - jealousies/rivalries", "*thymoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - outbursts of anger", "*eritheiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - selfish ambitions", "*katalaliai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - slanders/evil speakings", "*psithyrismoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - whisperings/secret slanders", "*physiōseis*": "nominative, feminine, plural - puffings up/conceits", "*akatastasiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - disorders/disturbances" }, "variants": { "*phoboumai*": "I fear/I am afraid", "*elthōn*": "having come/when I come", "*thelō*": "I wish/I want/I desire", "*eurō*": "I might find/I may find", "*heurethō*": "I might be found/I may be found", "*ereis*": "strifes/contentions/quarrels", "*zēloi*": "jealousies/rivalries/envyings", "*thymoi*": "outbursts of anger/rages/furies", "*eritheiai*": "selfish ambitions/factions/rivalries", "*katalaliai*": "slanders/evil speakings/backbitings", "*psithyrismoi*": "whisperings/secret slanders/gossips", "*physiōseis*": "puffings up/conceits/inflations", "*akatastasiai*": "disorders/disturbances/tumults" } }
  • Gal 5:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Galatians.5.20", "source": "Εἰδωλολατρεία, φαρμακεία, ἔχθραι, ἔρεις, ζῆλοι, θυμοί, ἐριθείαι, διχοστασίαι, αἱρέσεις,", "text": "*Eidōlolatreia, pharmakeia, echthrai, ereis, zēloi, thymoi, eritheiai, dichostasiai, haireseis*,", "grammar": { "*Eidōlolatreia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - idolatry", "*pharmakeia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - sorcery/witchcraft", "*echthrai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - enmities/hostilities", "*ereis*": "nominative, feminine, plural - strife/quarrels", "*zēloi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - jealousy/envy", "*thymoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - outbursts of anger/rage", "*eritheiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - selfish ambitions/rivalries", "*dichostasiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - dissensions/divisions", "*haireseis*": "nominative, feminine, plural - factions/sects" }, "variants": { "*Eidōlolatreia*": "idolatry/worship of idols", "*pharmakeia*": "sorcery/witchcraft/use of drugs", "*echthrai*": "enmities/hostilities/hatred", "*ereis*": "strife/quarrels/contention", "*zēloi*": "jealousy/envy/zealous rivalry", "*thymoi*": "outbursts of anger/rage/wrath", "*eritheiai*": "selfish ambitions/rivalries/contentions", "*dichostasiai*": "dissensions/divisions/standing apart", "*haireseis*": "factions/sects/parties/heresies" } }
  • 1 Tim 6:4-5 : 4 { "verseID": "1 Timothy.6.4", "source": "Τετύφωται, μηδὲν ἐπιστάμενος, ἀλλὰ νοσῶν περὶ ζητήσεις καὶ λογομαχίας, ἐξ ὧν γίνεται φθόνος, ἔρις, βλασφημίαι, ὑπόνοιαι πονηραί,", "text": "He has been *tetyphōtai*, nothing *epistamenos*, but *nosōn* about *zētēseis kai logomachias*, out of which *ginetai phthonos*, *eris*, *blasphēmiai*, *hyponoiai ponērai*,", "grammar": { "*tetyphōtai*": "perfect indicative, 3rd person singular, passive - has been puffed up/conceited", "*mēden*": "negative adjective, accusative, neuter, singular - nothing", "*epistamenos*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular, middle - knowing/understanding", "*alla*": "conjunction, adversative - but", "*nosōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular, active - being sick/diseased/morbidly interested", "*peri*": "preposition - about/concerning", "*zētēseis*": "accusative, feminine, plural - questions/controversies/debates", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*logomachias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - word battles/quarrels about words", "*ex*": "preposition - out of/from", "*hōn*": "relative pronoun, genitive, feminine, plural - which", "*ginetai*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular, middle/passive - comes/arises", "*phthonos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - envy/jealousy", "*eris*": "nominative, feminine, singular - strife/contention", "*blasphēmiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - blasphemies/slanders", "*hyponoiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - suspicions/evil thoughts", "*ponērai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - evil/wicked" }, "variants": { "*tetyphōtai*": "puffed up/conceited/clouded in thinking/proud", "*epistamenos*": "knowing/understanding/comprehending", "*nosōn*": "sick/diseased/obsessed/morbidly interested", "*zētēseis*": "questions/controversies/debates/speculations", "*logomachias*": "word battles/quarrels about words/verbal disputes", "*phthonos*": "envy/jealousy/spite", "*eris*": "strife/contention/quarreling", "*blasphēmiai*": "blasphemies/slanders/evil speaking", "*hyponoiai*": "suspicions/evil thoughts/malicious suspicions", "*ponērai*": "evil/wicked/malicious/harmful" } } 5 { "verseID": "1 Timothy.6.5", "source": "Διαπαρατριβαὶ διεφθαρμένων ἀνθρώπων τὸν νοῦν, καὶ ἀπεστερημένων τῆς ἀληθείας, νομιζόντων πορισμὸν εἶναι τὴν εὐσέβειαν: ἀφίστασο ἀπὸ τῶν τοιούτων.", "text": "*Diaparatribai diephtharmenōn anthrōpōn* the *noun*, and *apesterēmenōn tēs alētheias*, *nomizontōn porismon einai* the *eusebeian*: *aphistaso* from the such ones.", "grammar": { "*Diaparatribai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - constant frictions/endless conflicts", "*diephtharmenōn*": "perfect participle, genitive, masculine, plural, passive - having been corrupted/depraved", "*anthrōpōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of men/people", "*ton noun*": "accusative, masculine, singular with article - the mind", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*apesterēmenōn*": "perfect participle, genitive, masculine, plural, passive - having been deprived/robbed", "*tēs alētheias*": "genitive, feminine, singular with article - of the truth", "*nomizontōn*": "present participle, genitive, masculine, plural, active - supposing/thinking", "*porismon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - gain/means of gain/source of profit", "*einai*": "present infinitive - to be", "*tēn eusebeian*": "accusative, feminine, singular with article - godliness/piety", "*aphistaso*": "present imperative, 2nd person singular, middle - withdraw/stay away", "*apo*": "preposition - from", "*tōn toioutōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural with article - such ones/such people" }, "variants": { "*Diaparatribai*": "constant frictions/endless conflicts/useless disputings/persistent irritations", "*diephtharmenōn*": "corrupted/depraved/ruined/perverted", "*noun*": "mind/understanding/intellect", "*apesterēmenōn*": "deprived/robbed/bereft/destitute", "*alētheias*": "truth/reality/genuineness", "*nomizontōn*": "supposing/thinking/considering/believing", "*porismon*": "gain/means of gain/source of profit/way to get rich", "*eusebeian*": "godliness/piety/devotion/reverence", "*aphistaso*": "withdraw/stay away/depart/avoid" } }
  • Prov 26:24-25 : 24 { "verseID": "Proverbs.26.24", "source": "*בשפתו **בִּ֭שְׂפָתָיו יִנָּכֵ֣ר שׂוֹנֵ֑א וּ֝בְקִרְבּ֗וֹ יָשִׁ֥ית מִרְמָֽה׃", "text": "With-*sefatav* *yinnaker* *sone*, and-in-*qirbo* *yashit* *mirmah*.", "grammar": { "*bi*": "preposition - with", "*sefatav*": "noun, feminine, dual with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his lips", "*yinnaker*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is recognized/disguises himself", "*sone*": "verb, Qal active participle, masculine singular - hater/enemy", "*uve*": "conjunction with preposition - and in", "*qirbo*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his midst/heart", "*yashit*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - puts/places", "*mirmah*": "noun, feminine, singular - deceit" }, "variants": { "*sefatav*": "his lips/his speech", "*yinnaker*": "is recognized/makes himself unrecognizable/disguises himself", "*sone*": "hater/enemy/one who hates", "*qirbo*": "his midst/his heart/his inner being", "*yashit*": "puts/places/sets", "*mirmah*": "deceit/treachery/fraud" } } 25 { "verseID": "Proverbs.26.25", "source": "כִּֽי־יְחַנֵּ֣ן ק֭וֹלוֹ אַל־תַּֽאֲמֶן־בּ֑וֹ כִּ֤י שֶׁ֖בַע תּוֹעֵב֣וֹת בְּלִבּֽוֹ׃", "text": "When-*yeḥannen* *qolo* not-*ta'amen*-in-him, for seven *to'evot* in-*libbo*.", "grammar": { "*ki*": "conjunction - when/for", "*yeḥannen*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - makes gracious", "*qolo*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his voice", "*al*": "negative particle - not", "*ta'amen*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - believe", "*bo*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in him", "*ki*": "conjunction - for", "*sheva*": "numeral, feminine, singular - seven", "*to'evot*": "noun, feminine, plural - abominations", "*be*": "preposition - in", "*libbo*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his heart" }, "variants": { "*yeḥannen*": "makes gracious/speaks graciously/makes pleasant", "*qolo*": "his voice/his speech", "*ta'amen*": "believe/trust", "*sheva*": "seven", "*to'evot*": "abominations/detestable things", "*libbo*": "his heart/his mind/his inner being" } }
  • Prov 29:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Proverbs.29.9", "source": "אִֽישׁ־חָכָ֗ם נִ֭שְׁפָּט אֶת־אִ֣ישׁ אֱוִ֑יל וְרָגַ֥ז וְ֝שָׂחַ֗ק וְאֵ֣ין נָֽחַת׃", "text": "*ʾîš*-*ḥāḵām* *nišpāṭ* *ʾet*-*ʾîš* *ʾĕwîl* *wə*-*rāgaz* *wə*-*śāḥaq* *wə*-*ʾên* *nāḥat*", "grammar": { "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*ḥāḵām*": "adjective, masculine singular - wise", "*nišpāṭ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - enters into judgment/contends", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*ʾĕwîl*": "adjective/substantive, masculine singular - foolish/fool", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*rāgaz*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - is agitated/trembles", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*śāḥaq*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - laughs/mocks", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*nāḥat*": "noun, feminine singular - rest/quiet" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš-ḥāḵām*": "wise man/sage", "*nišpāṭ*": "contends/goes to law/enters into judgment", "*ʾîš ʾĕwîl*": "foolish man/fool", "*wə-rāgaz*": "and he rages/whether he rages", "*wə-śāḥaq*": "and laughs/or laughs", "*wə-ʾên nāḥat*": "and there is no rest/there is no peace/there is no resolution" } }
  • Prov 29:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Proverbs.29.22", "source": "אִֽישׁ־אַ֭ף יְגָרֶ֣ה מָד֑וֹן וּבַ֖עַל חֵמָ֣ה רַב־פָּֽשַׁע׃", "text": "*ʾîš*-*ʾap* *yəgāreh* *mādôn* *û*-*ḇaʿal* *ḥēmāh* *raḇ*-*pāšaʿ*", "grammar": { "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*ʾap*": "noun, masculine singular - anger/nose", "*yəgāreh*": "piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - stirs up/provokes", "*mādôn*": "noun, masculine singular - strife/contention", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*ḇaʿal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - owner of/master of", "*ḥēmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - rage/wrath", "*raḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - much/many of", "*pāšaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - transgression/rebellion" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš-ʾap*": "angry man/hot-tempered person", "*yəgāreh*": "stirs up/provokes/incites", "*mādôn*": "strife/contention/discord", "*ḇaʿal ḥēmāh*": "master of rage/hot-tempered person/wrathful person", "*raḇ-pāšaʿ*": "abounds in transgression/commits many sins" } }
  • 1 Tim 3:3 : 3 { "verseID": "1 Timothy.3.3", "source": "Μὴ πάροινον, μὴ πλήκτην, μὴ αἰσχροκερδῆ· ἀλλʼ ἐπιεικῆ, ἄμαχον, ἀφιλάργυρον·", "text": "*Mē paroinon*, *mē plēktēn*, *mē aischrokerdē*; *all' epieikē*, *amachon*, *aphilargyron*;", "grammar": { "*Mē*": "negative particle - not", "*paroinon*": "adjective, accusative, masculine, singular - given to wine/drunkard", "*plēktēn*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - striker/violent person", "*aischrokerdē*": "adjective, accusative, masculine, singular - greedy for money/fond of dishonest gain", "*all'*": "conjunction - but", "*epieikē*": "adjective, accusative, masculine, singular - gentle/reasonable/forbearing", "*amachon*": "adjective, accusative, masculine, singular - not quarrelsome/peaceable", "*aphilargyron*": "adjective, accusative, masculine, singular - not loving money/not greedy" }, "variants": { "*paroinon*": "given to wine/drunkard/addicted to alcohol", "*plēktēn*": "striker/violent person/brawler", "*aischrokerdē*": "greedy for money/fond of dishonest gain/sordid", "*epieikē*": "gentle/reasonable/forbearing/fair", "*amachon*": "not quarrelsome/peaceable/not contentious", "*aphilargyron*": "not loving money/not greedy/free from love of money" } }
  • 1 Tim 3:11 : 11 { "verseID": "1 Timothy.3.11", "source": "Γυναῖκας Ὡσαύτως σεμνάς, μὴ διαβόλους, νηφαλίους, πιστὰς ἐν πᾶσιν.", "text": "*Gynaikas hōsautōs semnas*, *mē diabolous*, *nēphalious*, *pistas* in *pasin*.", "grammar": { "*Gynaikas*": "noun, accusative, feminine, plural - women/wives", "*hōsautōs*": "adverb - likewise/in the same way", "*semnas*": "adjective, accusative, feminine, plural - dignified/honorable", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*diabolous*": "adjective, accusative, feminine, plural - slanderers/malicious talkers", "*nēphalious*": "adjective, accusative, feminine, plural - temperate/sober", "*pistas*": "adjective, accusative, feminine, plural - faithful/trustworthy", "*pasin*": "adjective, dative, neuter, plural - all (things)" }, "variants": { "*Gynaikas*": "women/wives/women deacons", "*hōsautōs*": "likewise/in the same way/similarly", "*semnas*": "dignified/honorable/respectable", "*diabolous*": "slanderers/malicious talkers/gossipers", "*nēphalious*": "temperate/sober/clear-headed", "*pistas*": "faithful/trustworthy/reliable", "*pasin*": "all things/every respect/everything" } }
  • Jer 6:28 : 28 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.28", "source": "כֻּלָּם֙ סָרֵ֣י סֽוֹרְרִ֔ים הֹלְכֵ֥י רָכִ֖יל נְחֹ֣שֶׁת וּבַרְזֶ֑ל כֻּלָּ֥ם מַשְׁחִיתִ֖ים הֵֽמָּה׃", "text": "All-of-them *sārê* *sôrərîm* *hōləḵê* *rāḵîl* *nəḥōšet* and-*barzel* all-of-them *mašḥîtîm* they.", "grammar": { "*sārê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - rebels of", "*sôrərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - rebellious ones", "*hōləḵê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - those who walk in", "*rāḵîl*": "noun, masculine singular - slander", "*nəḥōšet*": "noun, feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*barzel*": "noun, masculine singular - iron", "*mašḥîtîm*": "hiphil participle, masculine plural - destroyers/corrupters" }, "variants": { "*sārê* *sôrərîm*": "extreme rebels/most rebellious ones", "*hōləḵê* *rāḵîl*": "gossips/slanderers/talebearers", "*nəḥōšet* *ûbarzel*": "bronze and iron/stubborn and obstinate", "*mašḥîtîm*": "destroyers/corrupters/ruiners" } }
  • Jer 9:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.4", "source": "וְאִ֤ישׁ בְּרֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ יְהָתֵ֔לּוּ וֶאֱמֶ֖ת לֹ֣א יְדַבֵּ֑רוּ לִמְּד֧וּ לְשׁוֹנָ֛ם דַּבֶּר־שֶׁ֖קֶר הַעֲוֵ֥ה נִלְאֽוּ׃", "text": "*wĕ'îš* against-*rē'ēhû* *yĕhātēllû* *we'ĕmet* *lō'* *yĕdabbērû* *limdû* *lĕšônām* *dabber*-*šeqer* *ha'ăwēh* *nil'û*", "grammar": { "*wĕ'îš*": "conjunction + masculine noun, singular - and each man", "*rē'ēhû*": "masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition - against his neighbor", "*yĕhātēllû*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural, piel - they deceive/mock", "*we'ĕmet*": "conjunction + feminine noun - and truth", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*yĕdabbērû*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural, piel - they speak", "*limdû*": "perfect verb, 3rd person common plural - they have taught", "*lĕšônām*": "feminine noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their tongue", "*dabber*": "infinitive construct, piel - to speak", "*šeqer*": "masculine noun - falsehood/lie", "*ha'ăwēh*": "infinitive absolute, hiphil - acting perversely", "*nil'û*": "perfect verb, 3rd person common plural, niphal - they are weary/exhausted" }, "variants": { "*rē'ēhû*": "his neighbor/friend/companion", "*yĕhātēllû*": "they deceive/mock/delude", "*'ĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability", "*yĕdabbērû*": "they speak/tell/declare", "*limdû*": "they have taught/trained/instructed", "*lĕšônām*": "their tongue/language/speech", "*dabber*": "to speak/tell/say", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*ha'ăwēh*": "acting perversely/committing iniquity/doing wrong", "*nil'û*": "they are weary/exhausted/tired" } }
  • Acts 19:28-29 : 28 { "verseID": "Acts.19.28", "source": "Ἀκούσαντες δὲ, καὶ γενόμενοι πλήρεις θυμοῦ, ἔκραζον, λέγοντες, Μεγάλη ἡ Ἄρτεμις Ἐφεσίων.", "text": "*Akousantes de*, and *genomenoi plēreis thymou*, *ekrazon*, *legontes*, Great is the *Artemis Ephesiōn*.", "grammar": { "*Akousantes*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having heard", "*de*": "postpositive particle - but/and", "*genomenoi*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having become", "*plēreis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - full", "*thymou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of wrath", "*ekrazon*": "imperfect, 3rd plural, indicative - they were crying out", "*legontes*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural - saying", "*Megalē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - great", "*Artemis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - Artemis", "*Ephesiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of the Ephesians" }, "variants": { "*Akousantes*": "having heard/listened to", "*genomenoi*": "having become/being", "*plēreis*": "full/filled with", "*thymou*": "wrath/anger/rage", "*ekrazon*": "they were crying out/shouting/yelling", "*legontes*": "saying/speaking", "*Megalē*": "great/mighty" } } 29 { "verseID": "Acts.19.29", "source": "Καὶ ἐπλήσθη ἡ πόλις ὅλη συγχύσεως: ὥρμησάν τε ὁμοθυμαδὸν εἰς τὸ θέατρον, Συναρπάσαντες Γάϊον καὶ Ἀρίσταρχον, Μακεδόνας, συνεκδήμους Παύλου.", "text": "And *eplēsthē hē polis holē synchuseōs*: *hōrmēsan te homothymadon eis to theatron*, *Synarpasantes Gaion kai Aristarchon*, *Makedonas*, *synekdēmous Paulou*.", "grammar": { "*eplēsthē*": "aorist, 3rd singular, passive, indicative - was filled", "*hē polis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the city", "*holē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - whole", "*synchuseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - with confusion", "*hōrmēsan*": "aorist, 3rd plural, indicative - they rushed", "*te*": "connective particle - and", "*homothymadon*": "adverb - with one accord", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into", "*to theatron*": "accusative, neuter, singular - the theater", "*Synarpasantes*": "aorist participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having seized", "*Gaion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Gaius", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*Aristarchon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Aristarchus", "*Makedonas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - Macedonians", "*synekdēmous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - fellow travelers", "*Paulou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Paul" }, "variants": { "*eplēsthē*": "was filled/became full of", "*polis*": "city/town", "*holē*": "whole/entire", "*synchuseōs*": "confusion/tumult/disturbance", "*hōrmēsan*": "they rushed/hurried/moved rapidly", "*homothymadon*": "with one accord/unanimously/together", "*theatron*": "theater/spectacle", "*Synarpasantes*": "having seized/snatched/carried off", "*Makedonas*": "Macedonians/from Macedonia", "*synekdēmous*": "fellow travelers/companions/associates" } }
  • Acts 21:30 : 30 { "verseID": "Acts.21.30", "source": "Ἐκινήθη τε ἡ πόλις ὅλη, καὶ ἐγένετο συνδρομὴ τοῦ λαοῦ: καὶ ἐπιλαβόμενοι τοῦ Παύλου, εἷλκον αὐτὸν ἔξω τοῦ ἱεροῦ: καὶ εὐθέως ἐκλείσθησαν αἱ θύραι.", "text": "*Ekinēthē* *te* the *polis* whole, and *egeneto* *syndromē* of the *laou*: and *epilabomenoi* the *Paulou*, *heilkon* him outside the *hierou*: and immediately *ekleisthēsan* the *thyrai*.", "grammar": { "*Ekinēthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was stirred up", "*te*": "post-positive particle - and/both", "*polis*": "nominative feminine singular - city", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person singular - became/happened", "*syndromē*": "nominative feminine singular - rushing together", "*laou*": "genitive masculine singular - of people", "*epilabomenoi*": "aorist middle participle, nominative masculine plural - having seized", "*Paulou*": "genitive masculine singular - of Paul", "*heilkon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - were dragging", "*hierou*": "genitive neuter singular - of temple", "*ekleisthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - were shut", "*thyrai*": "nominative feminine plural - doors" }, "variants": { "*Ekinēthē*": "was stirred up/agitated/moved", "*egeneto*": "became/happened/occurred", "*syndromē*": "rushing together/gathering/concourse", "*laou*": "people/crowd/populace", "*epilabomenoi*": "having seized/taken hold of/grasped", "*heilkon*": "were dragging/pulling/drawing", "*ekleisthēsan*": "were shut/closed/locked" } }
  • Acts 22:22-23 : 22 { "verseID": "Acts.22.22", "source": "Ἤκουον δὲ αὐτοῦ ἄχρι τούτου τοῦ λόγου, καὶ ἐπῆραν τὴν φωνὴν αὐτῶν, λέγοντες, Αἶρε ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς τὸν τοιοῦτον: οὐ γὰρ καθῆκον αὐτὸν ζῇν.", "text": "They *ēkouon de* him until this the *logou*, and *epēran* the *phōnēn* of them, *legontes*, *Aire* from the *gēs* the *toiouton*: not for *kathēkon* him *zēn*.", "grammar": { "*ēkouon*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural - they were listening to", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*logou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - word/statement", "*epēran*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they lifted up", "*phōnēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - voice", "*legontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - saying", "*Aire*": "present active imperative, 2nd person singular - remove/take away", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*toiouton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - such a one", "*kathēkon*": "present active participle, nominative, neuter, singular - being fitting", "*zēn*": "present active infinitive - to live" }, "variants": { "*ēkouon*": "were listening to/heard/gave audience", "*logou*": "word/statement/account", "*epēran*": "raised/lifted up/elevated", "*phōnēn*": "voice/cry/shout", "*Aire*": "away with/remove/rid us of", "*gēs*": "earth/land/world", "*toiouton*": "such a one/such a person/one like this", "*kathēkon*": "fitting/proper/suitable", "*zēn*": "to live/to be alive" } } 23 { "verseID": "Acts.22.23", "source": "Κραυγαζόντων δὲ αὐτῶν, καὶ ῥιπτούντων τὰ ἱμάτια, καὶ κονιορτὸν βαλλόντων εἰς τὸν ἀέρα,", "text": "*Kraugazontōn de* them, and *rhiptountōn* the *himatia*, and *koniorton ballontōn* into the *aera*,", "grammar": { "*Kraugazontōn*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - shouting/crying out", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*rhiptountōn*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - throwing/tossing", "*himatia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - garments/cloaks", "*koniorton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - dust", "*ballontōn*": "present active participle, genitive, masculine, plural - throwing/casting", "*aera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - air" }, "variants": { "*Kraugazontōn*": "shouting/crying out/yelling", "*rhiptountōn*": "throwing off/casting/tossing", "*himatia*": "garments/cloaks/clothes", "*koniorton*": "dust/dirt/powder", "*ballontōn*": "throwing/casting/flinging", "*aera*": "air/atmosphere" } }
  • Rom 1:29-30 : 29 { "verseID": "Romans.1.29", "source": "Πεπληρωμένους πάσῃ ἀδικίᾳ, πορνείᾳ, πονηρίᾳ, πλεονεξίᾳ, κακίᾳ· μεστοὺς φθόνου, φόνου, ἔριδος, δόλου, κακοηθείας· ψιθυριστάς,", "text": "*Peplērōmenous* *pasē* *adikia*, *porneia*, *ponēria*, *pleonexia*, *kakia*· *mestous* *phthonou*, *phonou*, *eridos*, *dolou*, *kakoētheias*· *psithyristas*,", "grammar": { "*Peplērōmenous*": "perfect passive participle, accusative, masculine, plural - having been filled", "*pasē*": "dative, feminine, singular, adjective - all/every kind of", "*adikia*": "dative, feminine, singular - unrighteousness", "*porneia*": "dative, feminine, singular - sexual immorality", "*ponēria*": "dative, feminine, singular - wickedness", "*pleonexia*": "dative, feminine, singular - greed", "*kakia*": "dative, feminine, singular - malice", "*mestous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, adjective - full of", "*phthonou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - envy", "*phonou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - murder", "*eridos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - strife", "*dolou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - deceit", "*kakoētheias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - maliciousness", "*psithyristas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - whisperers/gossips" }, "variants": { "*Peplērōmenous*": "having been filled/completed/fulfilled", "*adikia*": "unrighteousness/injustice/wrongdoing", "*porneia*": "sexual immorality/fornication", "*ponēria*": "wickedness/evil/malice", "*pleonexia*": "greed/covetousness", "*kakia*": "malice/evil/wickedness", "*mestous*": "full of/filled with", "*phthonou*": "envy/jealousy", "*phonou*": "murder/killing", "*eridos*": "strife/contention/quarreling", "*dolou*": "deceit/trickery/guile", "*kakoētheias*": "maliciousness/evil disposition", "*psithyristas*": "whisperers/gossips/secret slanderers" } } 30 { "verseID": "Romans.1.30", "source": "Καταλάλους, θεοστυγεῖς, ὑβριστάς, ὑπερηφάνους, ἀλαζόνας, ἐφευρετὰς κακῶν, γονεῦσιν ἀπειθεῖς,", "text": "*Katalalous*, *theostygeis*, *hybristas*, *hyperēphanous*, *alazonas*, *epheuretas* *kakōn*, *goneusin* *apeitheis*,", "grammar": { "*Katalalous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - backbiters/slanderers", "*theostygeis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - God-haters", "*hybristas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - insolent/violent people", "*hyperēphanous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - proud/arrogant", "*alazonas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - boastful", "*epheuretas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - inventors", "*kakōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of evil things", "*goneusin*": "dative, masculine, plural - to parents", "*apeitheis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - disobedient" }, "variants": { "*Katalalous*": "backbiters/slanderers/defamers", "*theostygeis*": "God-haters/hateful to God", "*hybristas*": "insolent/violent/abusive", "*hyperēphanous*": "proud/arrogant/haughty", "*alazonas*": "boastful/pretentious/braggarts", "*epheuretas*": "inventors/devisers", "*kakōn*": "of evil things/of wickedness", "*apeitheis*": "disobedient/rebellious" } }
  • Rom 3:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Romans.3.14", "source": "Ὧν τὸ στόμα ἀρᾶς καὶ πικρίας γέμει:", "text": "*Hōn to stoma aras kai pikrias gemei*:", "grammar": { "*Hōn*": "relative pronoun, genitive, masculine, plural - of whom", "*to stoma*": "article + noun, nominative, neuter, singular - the mouth", "*aras*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - of cursing", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*pikrias*": "noun, genitive, feminine, singular - of bitterness", "*gemei*": "verb, present active, 3rd person singular - is full" }, "variants": { "*aras*": "cursing/curse/imprecation", "*pikrias*": "bitterness/harsh speech/bitter hatred", "*gemei*": "is full/is filled with/overflows with" } }
  • 1 Cor 5:8 : 8 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.5.8", "source": "Ὥστε ἑορτάζωμεν, μὴ ἐν ζύμῃ παλαιᾷ, μηδὲ ἐν ζύμῃ κακίας καὶ πονηρίας· ἀλλʼ ἐν ἀζύμοις εἰλικρινείας καὶ ἀληθείας.", "text": "Therefore let us *heortazōmen*, not with *zymē palaia*, nor with *zymē kakias* and *ponērias*, but with *azymois eilikroneias* and *alētheias*.", "grammar": { "*heortazōmen*": "present active subjunctive, 1st plural - let us celebrate/keep the feast", "*zymē*": "dative, feminine, singular - leaven/yeast", "*palaia*": "dative, feminine, singular - old", "*kakias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - malice/evil", "*ponērias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - wickedness/evil", "*azymois*": "dative, neuter, plural - unleavened bread", "*eilikroneias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - sincerity/purity", "*alētheias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - truth" }, "variants": { "*heortazōmen*": "celebrate/keep the feast/observe the festival", "*zymē palaia*": "old leaven/former yeast", "*kakias*": "malice/evil/wickedness", "*ponērias*": "wickedness/depravity/evil", "*azymois*": "unleavened bread/purity", "*eilikroneias*": "sincerity/purity/authenticity", "*alētheias*": "truth/reality" } }
  • Gen 4:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Genesis.4.8", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר קַ֖יִן אֶל־הֶ֣בֶל אָחִ֑יו וֽ͏ַיְהִי֙ בִּהְיוֹתָ֣ם בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה וַיָּ֥קָם קַ֛יִן אֶל־הֶ֥בֶל אָחִ֖יו וַיַּהַרְגֵֽהוּ׃", "text": "And-*yomer* *Qayin* to-*Hebel* his-brother and-*yehi* in-*bihyotam* in-the-*sadeh* and-*yaqom* *Qayin* against-*Hebel* his-brother and-*yahargehu*", "grammar": { "*yomer*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*Qayin*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Cain", "*Hebel*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Abel", "*ʾaḥiw*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*yehi*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - it happened", "*bihyotam*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - when they were", "*sadeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the field", "*yaqom*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - rose up", "*yahargehu*": "qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - killed him" }, "variants": { "*yaqom... ʾel*": "rose up against/attacked/confronted", "*yahargehu*": "killed him/murdered him/slew him" } }
  • Gen 27:41 : 41 { "verseID": "Genesis.27.41", "source": "וַיִּשְׂטֹ֤ם עֵשָׂו֙ אֶֽת־יַעֲקֹ֔ב עַל־הַ֨בְּרָכָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר בֵּרֲכ֖וֹ אָבִ֑יו וַיֹּ֨אמֶר עֵשָׂ֜ו בְּלִבּ֗וֹ יִקְרְבוּ֙ יְמֵי֙ אֵ֣בֶל אָבִ֔י וְאַֽהַרְגָ֖ה אֶת־יַעֲקֹ֥ב אָחִֽי׃", "text": "*wa-yiśṭōm* *ʿēśāw* *ʾet-yaʿăqōḇ* upon-*ha-bəraḵāh* *ʾăšer* *bērăḵô* *ʾāḇîw* *wa-yōʾmer* *ʿēśāw* in-*libbô* *yiqrəḇû* *yəmê* *ʾēḇel* *ʾāḇî* and-*ʾahargāh* *ʾet-yaʿăqōḇ* *ʾāḥî*", "grammar": { "*wa-yiśṭōm*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and hated", "*ʿēśāw*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Esau", "*ʾet-yaʿăqōḇ*": "direct object marker + proper noun, masculine singular - Jacob", "*ha-bəraḵāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the blessing", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*bērăḵô*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he blessed him", "*ʾāḇîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his father", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and said", "*libbô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*yiqrəḇû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - will draw near/approach", "*yəmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*ʾēḇel*": "noun, masculine singular - mourning", "*ʾāḇî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my father", "*ʾahargāh*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - I will kill", "*ʾāḥî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my brother" }, "variants": { "*wa-yiśṭōm*": "and hated/and bore a grudge/and was hostile", "*ha-bəraḵāh*": "the blessing/the benediction", "*bērăḵô*": "he blessed him/he conferred favor upon him", "*libbô*": "his heart/his mind/his inner self", "*yiqrəḇû*": "will draw near/will approach/will come", "*ʾēḇel*": "mourning/grief/lamentation", "*ʾahargāh*": "I will kill/I will slay/I will murder" } }
  • Gen 37:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.4", "source": "וַיִּרְא֣וּ אֶחָ֗יו כִּֽי־אֹת֞וֹ אָהַ֤ב אֲבִיהֶם֙ מִכָּל־אֶחָ֔יו וַֽיִּשְׂנְא֖וּ אֹת֑וֹ וְלֹ֥א יָכְל֖וּ דַּבְּר֥וֹ לְשָׁלֹֽם׃", "text": "And *wə-yirʾû* his *ʾeḥāyw* that *ʾōṯô* *ʾāhaḇ* their *ʾăḇîhem* more than all-his *ʾeḥāyw* and *wə-yiśnəʾû* *ʾōṯô* and not *yāḵəlû* *dabbərô* to *šālôm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yirʾû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they saw'", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his brothers'", "*ʾōṯô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'him'", "*ʾāhaḇ*": "verb, perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'loved'", "*ʾăḇîhem*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their father'", "*wə-yiśnəʾû*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they hated'", "*yāḵəlû*": "verb, perfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they were able'", "*dabbərô*": "infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to speak to him'", "*šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - 'peace/peacefully'" }, "variants": { "*dabbərô* *šālôm*": "speak peaceably to him/greet him peacefully/address him in a friendly manner" } }
  • Gen 37:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Genesis.37.21", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע רְאוּבֵ֔ן וַיַּצִּלֵ֖הוּ מִיָּדָ֑ם וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לֹ֥א נַכֶּ֖נּוּ נָֽפֶשׁ׃", "text": "And *wə-yišmaʿ* *rəʾûḇēn* and *wə-yaṣṣilēhû* from their *mî-yāḏām*; and *wə-yōʾmer*: Not *nakkennû* *nāp̄eš*", "grammar": { "*wə-yišmaʿ*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he heard'", "*rəʾûḇēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - 'Reuben'", "*wə-yaṣṣilēhû*": "waw-consecutive with hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'and he delivered him'", "*mî-yāḏām*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'from their hand'", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive with imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'and he said'", "*nakkennû*": "hiphil imperfect 1st common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'we will strike him'", "*nāp̄eš*": "noun, feminine singular - 'life/soul/person'" }, "variants": { "*yaṣṣilēhû*": "rescued him/delivered him/saved him", "*nakkennû* *nāp̄eš*": "take his life/strike him dead/kill a soul" } }
  • Lev 19:16-18 : 16 { "verseID": "Leviticus.19.16", "source": "לֹא־תֵלֵ֤ךְ רָכִיל֙ בְּעַמֶּ֔יךָ לֹ֥א תַעֲמֹ֖ד עַל־דַּ֣ם רֵעֶ֑ךָ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה", "text": "*lōʾ*-*ṯēlēḵ* *rāḵîl* *bəʿammêḵā* *lōʾ* *ṯaʿămōḏ* *ʿal*-*dam* *rēʿeḵā* *ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯēlēḵ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall go/walk", "*rāḵîl*": "noun, masculine singular - slanderer/talebearer", "*bəʿammêḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - among your people", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯaʿămōḏ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall stand", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/against", "*dam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - blood of", "*rēʿeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD" }, "variants": { "*ṯēlēḵ* *rāḵîl*": "go about as a slanderer/spread slander/gossip", "*ṯaʿămōḏ* *ʿal*-*dam*": "stand against the blood/endanger the life/fail to protect" } } 17 { "verseID": "Leviticus.19.17", "source": "לֹֽא־תִשְׂנָ֥א אֶת־אָחִ֖יךָ בִּלְבָבֶ֑ךָ הוֹכֵ֤חַ תּוֹכִ֙יחַ֙ אֶת־עֲמִיתֶ֔ךָ וְלֹא־תִשָּׂ֥א עָלָ֖יו חֵֽטְא", "text": "*lōʾ*-*ṯiśnāʾ* *ʾeṯ*-*ʾāḥîḵā* *bilḇāḇeḵā* *hôḵēaḥ* *tôḵîaḥ* *ʾeṯ*-*ʿămîṯeḵā* *wə-lōʾ*-*ṯiśśāʾ* *ʿālāyw* *ḥēṭʾ*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯiśnāʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall hate", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾāḥîḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your brother", "*bilḇāḇeḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your heart", "*hôḵēaḥ*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - reproving", "*tôḵîaḥ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall reprove", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʿămîṯeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall bear", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him", "*ḥēṭʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - sin" }, "variants": { "*hôḵēaḥ* *tôḵîaḥ*": "you shall surely reprove/you must certainly rebuke/definitely correct", "*ṯiśśāʾ* *ḥēṭʾ*": "bear sin/incur guilt/take on sin" } } 18 { "verseID": "Leviticus.19.18", "source": "לֹֽא־תִקֹּ֤ם וְלֹֽא־תִטֹּר֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י עַמֶּ֔ךָ וְאָֽהַבְתָּ֥ לְרֵעֲךָ֖ כָּמ֑וֹךָ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָֽה", "text": "*lōʾ*-*ṯiqqōm* *wə-lōʾ*-*ṯiṭṭōr* *ʾeṯ*-*bənê* *ʿammeḵā* *wə-ʾāhaḇtā* *lərēʿăḵā* *kāmôḵā* *ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯiqqōm*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall take vengeance", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯiṭṭōr*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall bear a grudge", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*ʿammeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your people", "*wə-ʾāhaḇtā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall love", "*lərēʿăḵā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to your neighbor", "*kāmôḵā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - as yourself", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD" }, "variants": { "*ṯiqqōm*": "take vengeance/avenge", "*ṯiṭṭōr*": "bear a grudge/harbor resentment/keep anger", "*ʾāhaḇtā*": "love/have affection for" } }
  • 2 Sam 13:22 : 22 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.13.22", "source": "וְלֹֽא־דִבֶּ֧ר אַבְשָׁל֛וֹם עִם־אַמְנ֖וֹן לְמֵרָ֣ע וְעַד־ט֑וֹב כִּֽי־שָׂנֵ֤א אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ אֶת־אַמְנ֔וֹן עַל־דְּבַר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עִנָּ֔ה אֵ֖ת תָּמָ֥ר אֲחֹתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-lōʾ*-*dibber* *ʾAbšālôm* with-*ʾAmnôn* for-evil and-unto-good *kî*-*śānēʾ* *ʾAbšālôm* *ʾet*-*ʾAmnôn* upon-*dəbar* which *ʿinnāh* *ʾēt* *Tāmār* *ʾăḥōtô*", "grammar": { "*wə-lōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*dibber*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he spoke", "*ʾAbšālôm*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Absalom", "*ʾAmnôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amnon", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*śānēʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he hated", "*ʾAbšālôm*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Absalom", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾAmnôn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Amnon", "*dəbar*": "masculine singular construct noun - matter of/word of", "*ʿinnāh*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he violated/humbled", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*Tāmār*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Tamar", "*ʾăḥōtô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - his sister" }, "variants": { "*dibber*": "he spoke/he talked/he said", "*śānēʾ*": "he hated/he loathed/he detested", "*dəbar*": "matter/word/account/cause", "*ʿinnāh*": "he violated/he humbled/he afflicted/he forced/he raped" } }
  • 2 Sam 19:27 : 27 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.19.27", "source": "וַיֹּאמַ֕ר אֲדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ עַבְדִּ֣י רִמָּ֑נִי כִּֽי־אָמַ֨ר עַבְדְּךָ֜ אֶחְבְּשָׁה־לִּי֩ הַחֲמ֨וֹר וְאֶרְכַּ֤ב עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ וְאֵלֵ֣ךְ אֶת־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ כִּ֥י פִסֵּ֖חַ עַבְדֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmar* *ʾădōnî* the *melekh* *ʿabdî* *rimmānî* for-*kî*-*ʾāmar* *ʿabdəkhā* *ʾeḥbəšāh*-to me the *ḥămôr* *wə-ʾerkab* upon-*ʿāleyhā* *wə-ʾēlēkh* *ʾet*-the *melekh* for-*kî* *pissēaḥ* *ʿabdekha*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmar*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾădōnî*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my lord", "*melekh*": "noun masculine singular absolute - king", "*ʿabdî*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my servant", "*rimmānî*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person suffix - he deceived me", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*ʿabdəkhā*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your servant", "*ʾeḥbəšāh*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - let me saddle", "*ḥămôr*": "noun masculine singular absolute - donkey", "*wə-ʾerkab*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st person singular - and I will ride", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - upon it", "*wə-ʾēlēkh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st person singular - and I will go", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*pissēaḥ*": "adjective masculine singular - lame/crippled", "*ʿabdekha*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your servant" }, "variants": { "*rimmānî*": "deceived me/betrayed me/misled me", "*ḥămôr*": "donkey/ass", "*pissēaḥ*": "lame/crippled/disabled" } }
  • 2 Sam 19:43-20:2 : 43 { "verseID": "2Samuel.19.43", "source": "וַיַּעַן֩ כָּל־אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֜ה עַל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כִּֽי־קָר֤וֹב הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֵלַ֔י וְלָ֤מָּה זֶּה֙ חָרָ֣ה לְךָ֔ עַל־הַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה הֶאָכ֤וֹל אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙ מִן־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אִם־נִשֵּׂ֥את נִשָּׂ֖א לָֽנוּ׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿan* all-*ʾîš* *yəhûdâh* against-*ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl*, \"*kî*-*qārôb* the-*melek* to-me, and *lāmmâh* this *ḥārâh* to-you about-the-*dābār* the-this? *heʾākôl* *ʾāḵalnû* from-the-*melek*? *ʾim*-*niśśēʾt* *niśśāʾ* to-us?\"", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿan*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he answered", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - men of", "*yəhûdâh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*qārôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - near/close", "*melek*": "definite noun, masculine singular - king", "*lāmmâh*": "interrogative adverb - why", "*ḥārâh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - burned/was angry", "*dābār*": "noun, masculine singular - word/matter/thing", "*heʾākôl*": "interrogative particle with infinitive absolute Qal - eating at all", "*ʾāḵalnû*": "Qal perfect 1st plural - we ate/we have eaten", "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if/or", "*niśśēʾt*": "Qal infinitive absolute - lifting/carrying", "*niśśāʾ*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was carried/was borne" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿan*": "answered/replied/responded", "*kî*": "because/for/that", "*qārôb*": "near/close/closely related", "*ḥārâh*": "burned with anger/became furious/was incensed", "*heʾākôl* *ʾāḵalnû*": "Have we eaten at all/Have we consumed anything/Have we devoured anything", "*niśśēʾt* *niśśāʾ*": "Has anything been carried away/Has a gift been given/Has any favor been granted" } } 44 { "verseID": "2Samuel.19.44", "source": "וַיַּ֣עַן אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֩ אֶת־אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֜ה וַיֹּ֗אמֶר עֶֽשֶׂר־יָד֨וֹת לִ֣י בַמֶּלֶךְ֮ וְגַם־בְּדָוִד֮ אֲנִ֣י מִמְּךָ֒ וּמַדּ֙וּעַ֙ הֱקִלֹּתַ֔נִי וְלֹא־הָיָ֨ה דְבָרִ֥י רִאשׁ֛וֹן לִ֖י לְהָשִׁ֣יב אֶת־מַלְכִּ֑י וַיִּ֙קֶשׁ֙ דְּבַר־אִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה מִדְּבַ֖ר אִ֥ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿan* *ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl* [direct object marker] *ʾîš* *yəhûdâh* and *wayyōʾmer*, \"*ʿeser*-*yādôt* to-me in-the-*melek* and-also-in-*dāwid* I than-you, and *maddûaʿ* *hĕqillōtanî* and not-*hāyâh* my-*dəbārî* *riʾšôn* to-me to-*hāšîb* [direct object marker] my-*malkî*?\" And *wayyiqeš* *dəbar*-*ʾîš* *yəhûdâh* from-*dəbar* *ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿan*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he answered", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - men of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yəhûdâh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said", "*ʿeser*": "cardinal number, feminine - ten", "*yādôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - parts/shares/portions", "*melek*": "definite noun, masculine singular - king", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*maddûaʿ*": "interrogative adverb - why", "*hĕqillōtanî*": "Hiphil perfect 2nd masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - you despised me/you treated me with contempt", "*hāyâh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was", "*dəbārî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my word/my matter", "*riʾšôn*": "adjective, masculine singular - first", "*hāšîb*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to bring back/to restore", "*malkî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my king", "*wayyiqeš*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and was harsh/severe", "*dəbar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - word of" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿan*": "answered/replied/responded", "*ʿeser*-*yādôt*": "ten parts/ten shares/ten portions", "*hĕqillōtanî*": "you treated me lightly/you despised me/you disdained me", "*riʾšôn*": "first/foremost/primary", "*hāšîb*": "to bring back/to restore/to return", "*wayyiqeš*": "was harsher/was more severe/was fiercer" } } 1 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.20.1", "source": "וְשָׁ֨ם נִקְרָ֜א אִ֣ישׁ בְּלִיַּ֗עַל וּשְׁמ֛וֹ שֶׁ֥בַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִ֖י אִ֣ישׁ יְמִינִ֑י וַיִּתְקַ֣ע בַּשֹּׁפָ֗ר וַ֠יֹּאמֶר אֵֽין־לָ֨נוּ חֵ֜לֶק בְּדָוִ֗ד וְלֹ֤א נֽ͏ַחֲלָה־לָ֙נוּ֙ בְּבֶן־יִשַׁ֔י אִ֥ישׁ לְאֹהָלָ֖יו יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And *šām* *niqrāʾ* *ʾîš* *bᵉliyyaʿal* and *šᵉmô* *šebaʿ* *ben*-*bikrî* *ʾîš* *yᵉmînî* and he *tāqaʿ* in the *šôpār* and *ʾāmar*: *ʾên*-to us *ḥēleq* in *dāwid*, and not *naḥălâ*-to us in *ben*-*yišay*, *ʾîš* to his *ʾōhālâw* *yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*niqrāʾ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was called/happened to be", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*bᵉliyyaʿal*": "noun, masculine singular - worthlessness/wickedness", "*šᵉmô*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his name", "*šebaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Sheba", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*bikrî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Bichri", "*yᵉmînî*": "adjective, masculine singular - Benjamite/of the right hand", "*tāqaʿ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he blew", "*šôpār*": "noun, masculine singular - horn/trumpet", "*ʾāmar*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ḥēleq*": "noun, masculine singular - portion/share", "*naḥălâ*": "noun, feminine singular - inheritance/possession", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*yišay*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jesse", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man", "*ʾōhālâw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his tents", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*šām*": "there/at that place/then", "*niqrāʾ*": "was called/happened to be/was encountered", "*bᵉliyyaʿal*": "worthlessness/wickedness/destruction", "*yᵉmînî*": "Benjamite/of the right hand/from the tribe of Benjamin", "*tāqaʿ*": "blew/sounded/thrust", "*ʾên*": "there is not/without/no", "*ḥēleq*": "portion/share/part", "*naḥălâ*": "inheritance/possession/property" } } 2 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.20.2", "source": "וַיַּ֜עַל כָּל־אִ֤ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י דָוִ֔ד אַחֲרֵ֖י שֶׁ֣בַע בֶּן־בִּכְרִ֑י וְאִ֤ישׁ יְהוּדָה֙ דָּבְק֣וּ בְמַלְכָּ֔ם מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן וְעַד־יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "text": "And *ʿālâ* all-*ʾîš* *yiśrāʾēl* from *ʾaḥărê* *dāwid*, *ʾaḥărê* *šebaʿ* *ben*-*bikrî*; and *ʾîš* *yᵉhûdâ* *dāvᵉqû* in their *meleḵ*, from-the *yardēn* and unto-*yᵉrûšālayim*.", "grammar": { "*ʿālâ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he went up", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - from after/from following", "*dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after/following", "*šebaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Sheba", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*bikrî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Bichri", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - men of", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*dāvᵉqû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they clung/adhered", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their king", "*yardēn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jordan", "*yᵉrûšālayim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*ʿālâ*": "went up/ascended/departed", "*ʾaḥărê*": "after/following/from behind", "*dāvᵉqû*": "clung/adhered/remained loyal to", "*meleḵ*": "king/ruler/sovereign" } }
  • Ps 15:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.15.3", "source": "לֹֽא־רָגַ֨ל ׀ עַל־לְשֹׁנ֗וֹ לֹא־עָשָׂ֣ה לְרֵעֵ֣הוּ רָעָ֑ה וְ֝חֶרְפָּ֗ה לֹא־נָשָׂ֥א עַל־קְרֹֽבוֹ׃", "text": "Not-*rāgal* on-*lĕšōnô*, not-*ʿāśāh* to-*rēʿēhû rāʿāh*, and-*ḥerpāh* not-*nāśāʾ* against-*qĕrōbô*.", "grammar": { "*rāgal*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - slanders/goes about tale-bearing", "*lĕšōnô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his tongue", "*ʿāśāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - does/makes", "*rēʿēhû*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neighbor/friend", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - evil/harm/wrong", "*ḥerpāh*": "noun, feminine singular - reproach/disgrace/insult", "*nāśāʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - lifts/bears/carries", "*qĕrōbô*": "adjective used as noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his relative/neighbor" }, "variants": { "*rāgal*": "slanders/goes tale-bearing/gossips", "*ʿāśāh rāʿāh*": "does evil/causes harm/works wrong", "*ḥerpāh nāśāʾ*": "bears reproach/takes up a reproach/casts insult", "*qĕrōbô*": "his neighbor/his relative/those near to him" } }
  • Ps 50:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Psalms.50.20", "source": "תֵּ֭שֵׁב בְּאָחִ֣יךָ תְדַבֵּ֑ר בְּבֶֽן־אִ֝מְּךָ֗ תִּתֶּן־דֹּֽפִי׃", "text": "*Teshev* against-*achicha* *tedabber* against-*ben*-*immecha* *titten*-*dophi*", "grammar": { "*Teshev*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you sit", "*achicha*": "noun, masculine, singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your brother", "*tedabber*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you speak", "*ben*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - son of", "*immecha*": "noun, feminine, singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your mother", "*titten*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you give", "*dophi*": "noun, masculine, singular - slander" }, "variants": { "*teshev*": "you sit/you are sitting", "*tedabber*": "you speak against/slander", "*titten-dophi*": "give slander/place a fault/lay a blot" } }
  • Ps 64:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.64.3", "source": "תַּ֭סְתִּירֵנִי מִסּ֣וֹד מְרֵעִ֑ים מֵ֝רִגְשַׁ֗ת פֹּ֣עֲלֵי אָֽוֶן׃", "text": "*tastîrēnî* from-*sôd* *mərēʿîm* from-*rigšat* *pōʿălê* *ʾāwen*", "grammar": { "*tastîrēnî*": "imperfect verb, 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular object suffix - you will hide me", "*sôd*": "masculine singular construct noun with prefixed preposition min (from) - council/assembly of", "*mərēʿîm*": "masculine plural participle functioning as noun - evildoers", "*rigšat*": "feminine singular construct noun with prefixed preposition min (from) - tumult/conspiracy of", "*pōʿălê*": "masculine plural construct noun - workers of", "*ʾāwen*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity/wickedness" }, "variants": { "*sôd*": "secret counsel/assembly/council/gathering", "*mərēʿîm*": "evildoers/those who do evil", "*rigšat*": "tumult/throng/conspiracy/noisy crowd", "*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/wickedness/trouble/sorrow" } }
  • Ps 101:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.101.5", "source": "מְלָשְׁנִ֬י בַסֵּ֨תֶר ׀ רֵעֵהוּ֮ אוֹת֢וֹ אַ֫צְמִ֥ית גְּֽבַהּ־עֵ֭ינַיִם וּרְחַ֣ב לֵבָ֑ב אֹ֝ת֗וֹ לֹ֣א אוּכָֽל׃", "text": "One who *mĕlāshĕnî* in *sēter* *rēʿēhû*, him I will *ʾaṣmît*. *Gĕbah*-*ʿênayim* and-*rĕḥab* *lēbāb*, him not I will *ʾûkāl*.", "grammar": { "*mĕlāshĕnî*": "Poel participle masculine singular - one who slanders/defames", "*sēter*": "masculine singular noun with prepositional prefix ba- (in) - secret/hiding place", "*rēʿēhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his neighbor/companion", "*ʾaṣmît*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will destroy/cut off/silence", "*Gĕbah*": "adjective masculine singular construct - high/lofty/proud", "*ʿênayim*": "dual noun - eyes", "*rĕḥab*": "adjective masculine singular construct - wide/broad/proud", "*lēbāb*": "masculine singular noun - heart/mind/inner self", "*ʾûkāl*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will endure/tolerate/be able to bear" }, "variants": { "*mĕlāshĕnî*": "one who slanders/one who defames/one who speaks against secretly", "*sēter*": "secret/secrecy/hidden place/privacy", "*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/his friend/his companion/his fellow", "*ʾaṣmît*": "I will destroy/I will cut off/I will silence/I will put an end to", "*Gĕbah*": "haughty/proud/lofty/high", "*ʿênayim*": "eyes/appearance/sight", "*rĕḥab*": "proud/wide/broad/arrogant", "*lēbāb*": "heart/mind/inner self/will", "*ʾûkāl*": "I will endure/I can tolerate/I will bear with" } }
  • Ps 140:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.140.11", "source": "*ימיטו **יִמּ֥וֹטוּ עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם גֶּֽחָ֫לִ֥ים בָּאֵ֥שׁ יַפִּלֵ֑ם בְּ֝מַהֲמֹר֗וֹת בָּל־יָקֽוּמוּ׃", "text": "*yimmôṭû* upon-them *geḥālîm* in-the-*ʾēš* *yappilēm* in-*mahămōrôt* *bal*-*yāqûmû*", "grammar": { "*yimmôṭû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person plural jussive - let them fall/drop (textual note: Ketiv *yamîṭû* vs. Qere *yimmôṭû*)", "*geḥālîm*": "masculine plural noun - burning coals", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun with prefixed preposition bet (in/with) - fire", "*yappilēm*": "hifil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular verb with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - may he cast them down", "*mahămōrôt*": "feminine plural noun with prefixed preposition bet (into) - into pits/water floods", "*bal*": "negative particle - not", "*yāqûmû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural verb - they will arise" }, "variants": { "*yimmôṭû*": "let them fall/let them be shaken down (Qere reading)/let them bring down (Ketiv reading)", "*geḥālîm*": "burning coals/hot embers", "*yappilēm*": "may he cast them down/may he make them fall", "*mahămōrôt*": "pits/water floods/deep pits", "*yāqûmû*": "they will arise/they will stand/they will rise up" } }
  • Prov 6:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Proverbs.6.19", "source": "יָפִ֣יחַ כְּ֭זָבִים עֵ֣ד שָׁ֑קֶר וּמְשַׁלֵּ֥חַ מְ֝דָנִ֗ים בֵּ֣ין אַחִֽים׃ פ", "text": "*yāpîaḥ* *kəzāvîm* *ʿēd* *šāqer* and-*məšallēaḥ* *mədānîm* between *ʾaḥîm*", "grammar": { "*yāpîaḥ*": "verb, hiphil participle masculine singular - breathing out/uttering", "*kəzāvîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lies", "*ʿēd*": "noun, masculine singular - witness", "*šāqer*": "noun, masculine singular - falsehood/lie", "*məšallēaḥ*": "verb, piel participle masculine singular - sending out/causing", "*mədānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - strifes/contentions", "*ʾaḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural - brothers" }, "variants": { "*yāpîaḥ*": "breathing out/uttering/puffing out", "*kəzāvîm*": "lies/falsehoods/untruths", "*mədānîm*": "strifes/contentions/quarrels" } }
  • Prov 10:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Proverbs.10.12", "source": "שִׂ֭נְאָה תְּעוֹרֵ֣ר מְדָנִ֑ים וְעַ֥ל כָּל־פְּ֝שָׁעִ֗ים תְּכַסֶּ֥ה אַהֲבָֽה׃", "text": "*śinʾāh* *təʿôrēr* *mədānîm* *wə-ʿal* *kol*-*pəšāʿîm* *təkasseh* *ʾahăbāh*", "grammar": { "*śinʾāh*": "feminine singular noun - hatred", "*təʿôrēr*": "Piel imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - stirs up", "*mədānîm*": "masculine plural noun - contentions/strife", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and over", "*kol*": "masculine singular construct - all of", "*pəšāʿîm*": "masculine plural noun - transgressions", "*təkasseh*": "Piel imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - covers", "*ʾahăbāh*": "feminine singular noun - love" }, "variants": { "*śinʾāh*": "hatred/enmity/hostility", "*təʿôrēr*": "stirs up/awakens/excites", "*mədānîm*": "contentions/strife/discord", "*pəšāʿîm*": "transgressions/offenses/sins", "*təkasseh*": "covers/conceals/forgives", "*ʾahăbāh*": "love/affection/devotion" } }
  • Prov 10:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Proverbs.10.18", "source": "מְכַסֶּ֣ה שִׂ֭נְאָה שִׂפְתֵי־שָׁ֑קֶר וּמוֹצִ֥א דִ֝בָּ֗ה ה֣וּא כְסִֽיל׃", "text": "*məkasseh* *śinʾāh* *śiptêy*-*šāqer* *û-môṣiʾ* *dibbāh* *hûʾ* *kəsîl*", "grammar": { "*məkasseh*": "Piel participle masculine singular - covering/concealing", "*śinʾāh*": "feminine singular noun - hatred", "*śiptêy*": "feminine dual construct - lips of", "*šāqer*": "masculine singular noun - falsehood/lie", "*û-môṣiʾ*": "conjunction + Hiphil participle masculine singular - and bringing forth", "*dibbāh*": "feminine singular noun - evil report/slander", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*kəsîl*": "masculine singular noun - fool" }, "variants": { "*məkasseh*": "covering/concealing/hiding", "*śinʾāh*": "hatred/enmity/hostility", "*śiptêy*": "lips/speech/language", "*šāqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*môṣiʾ*": "bringing forth/uttering/spreading", "*dibbāh*": "evil report/slander/defamation", "*kəsîl*": "fool/stupid person/simpleton" } }
  • Prov 14:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Proverbs.14.17", "source": "קְֽצַר־אַ֭פַּיִם יַעֲשֶׂ֣ה אִוֶּ֑לֶת וְאִ֥ישׁ מְ֝זִמּ֗וֹת יִשָּׂנֵֽא׃", "text": "*qəṣar-ʾappayim* *yaʿăśeh* *ʾiwwelet* *wə-ʾîš* *məzimmôt* *yiśśānēʾ*", "grammar": { "*qəṣar-ʾappayim*": "adjective construct + masculine dual noun - short of anger", "*yaʿăśeh*": "3rd person masculine singular Qal imperfect - he does", "*ʾiwwelet*": "feminine singular noun - folly", "*wə-ʾîš*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and man of", "*məzimmôt*": "feminine plural noun - schemes", "*yiśśānēʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular Niphal imperfect - he is hated" }, "variants": { "*qəṣar-ʾappayim*": "short-tempered/quick to anger/impatient", "*yaʿăśeh*": "does/makes/performs", "*ʾiwwelet*": "folly/foolishness/stupidity", "*məzimmôt*": "schemes/devices/plans", "*yiśśānēʾ*": "is hated/is despised/is detested" } }
  • Prov 18:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Proverbs.18.8", "source": "דִּבְרֵ֣י נִ֭רְגָּן כְּמִֽתְלַהֲמִ֑ים וְ֝הֵ֗ם יָרְד֥וּ חַדְרֵי־בָֽטֶן׃", "text": "*diḇrê* *nirgān* like-*miṯlahamîm* and-they *yārəḏû* *ḥaḏrê*-*ḇāṭen*", "grammar": { "*diḇrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*nirgān*": "noun, masculine singular - whisperer/slanderer/gossip", "*miṯlahamîm*": "verb, hithpael participle, masculine plural - gulping down/devouring eagerly", "*yārəḏû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd common plural - go down/descend", "*ḥaḏrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - innermost parts of/chambers of", "*ḇāṭen*": "noun, feminine singular - belly/stomach/innermost being" }, "variants": { "*nirgān*": "whisperer/slanderer/gossip/talebearer", "*miṯlahamîm*": "gulping down/devouring eagerly/delicious morsels/dainties", "*ḥaḏrê*": "innermost parts/chambers/rooms", "*ḇāṭen*": "belly/stomach/womb/innermost being" } }
  • Prov 19:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Proverbs.19.12", "source": "נַ֣הַם כַּ֭כְּפִיר זַ֣עַף מֶ֑לֶךְ וּכְטַ֖ל עַל־עֵ֣שֶׂב רְצוֹנֽוֹ׃", "text": "*naham* like *kəpîr* *zaʿap* *meleḵ* and like *ṭal* upon *ʿēśeb* *rəṣōnō*.", "grammar": { "*naham*": "noun, masculine singular - growling/roaring", "*kəpîr*": "noun, masculine singular - young lion", "*zaʿap*": "noun, masculine singular - rage/anger", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*ṭal*": "noun, masculine singular - dew", "*ʿēśeb*": "noun, masculine singular - grass/vegetation", "*rəṣōnō*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his favor/pleasure" }, "variants": { "*naham*": "growling/roaring/rage", "*kəpîr*": "young lion/lion", "*zaʿap*": "rage/anger/wrath", "*meleḵ*": "king/sovereign", "*ṭal*": "dew/mist", "*ʿēśeb*": "grass/vegetation/herb", "*rəṣōnō*": "his favor/pleasure/goodwill" } }
  • Prov 25:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Proverbs.25.23", "source": "ר֣וּחַ צָ֭פוֹן תְּח֣וֹלֵֽל גָּ֑שֶׁם וּפָנִ֥ים נִ֝זְעָמִ֗ים לְשׁ֣וֹן סָֽתֶר׃", "text": "*rûaḥ* *ṣāpôn* *tĕḥôlēl* *gāšem* and-*pānîm* *nizʿāmîm* *lĕšôn* *sāter*", "grammar": { "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wind of", "*ṣāpôn*": "noun, masculine singular - north", "*tĕḥôlēl*": "polel imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - brings forth", "*gāšem*": "noun, masculine singular - rain", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - face", "*nizʿāmîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - angry", "*lĕšôn*": "noun, feminine singular construct - tongue of", "*sāter*": "noun, masculine singular - secret" }, "variants": { "*rûaḥ*": "wind/spirit/breath", "*ṣāpôn*": "north/northern direction", "*tĕḥôlēl*": "brings forth/produces/drives away", "*gāšem*": "rain/downpour", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/appearance", "*nizʿāmîm*": "angry/indignant/enraged", "*lĕšôn*": "tongue/language", "*sāter*": "secret/hidden/backbiting" } }
  • 1 Tim 5:13 : 13 { "verseID": "1 Timothy.5.13", "source": "Ἅμα δὲ καὶ ἀργαὶ μανθάνουσιν, περιερχόμεναι τὰς οἰκίας· οὐ μόνον δὲ ἀργαὶ, ἀλλὰ καὶ φλύαροι καὶ περίεργοι, λαλοῦσαι τὰ μὴ δέοντα.", "text": "*Hama* *de* *kai* *argai* *manthanousin*, *perierchomenai* *tas* *oikias*; *ou* *monon* *de* *argai*, *alla* *kai* *phluaroi* *kai* *periergoi*, *lalousai* *ta* *mē* *deonta*.", "grammar": { "*Hama*": "adverb - at the same time", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*kai*": "adverbial - also", "*argai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - idle/lazy", "*manthanousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they learn", "*perierchomenai*": "present middle participle, nominative, feminine, plural - going around/wandering about", "*tas*": "accusative, feminine, plural article - the", "*oikias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - houses", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*monon*": "adverb - only", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*argai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - idle/lazy", "*alla*": "contrastive conjunction - but", "*kai*": "adverbial - also", "*phluaroi*": "nominative, feminine, plural - gossips/chatterers", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*periergoi*": "nominative, feminine, plural - busybodies/meddlers", "*lalousai*": "present active participle, nominative, feminine, plural - speaking", "*ta*": "accusative, neuter, plural article - the things", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*deonta*": "present active participle, accusative, neuter, plural - being proper/fitting" }, "variants": { "*argai*": "idle/lazy/unoccupied", "*manthanousin*": "they learn [as a habit]/they get into the habit", "*perierchomenai*": "going around/wandering about/making the rounds of", "*phluaroi*": "gossips/chatterers/babblers", "*periergoi*": "busybodies/meddlers/interfering in others' affairs", "*ta* *mē* *deonta*": "things not proper/inappropriate matters/what should not be said" } }
  • 2 Tim 2:23 : 23 { "verseID": "2 Timothy.2.23", "source": "Τὰς δὲ μωρὰς καὶ ἀπαιδεύτους ζητήσεις παραιτοῦ, εἰδὼς ὅτι γεννῶσι μάχας.", "text": "The *de mōras kai apaideutous zētēseis paraitou*, *eidōs hoti gennōsi machas*.", "grammar": { "*Tas*": "definite article, accusative, feminine, plural - the", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*mōras*": "accusative, feminine, plural, adjective - foolish", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*apaideutous*": "accusative, feminine, plural, adjective - ignorant", "*zētēseis*": "accusative, feminine, plural - controversies", "*paraitou*": "present, imperative, middle, 2nd singular - refuse", "*eidōs*": "perfect, participle, active, nominative, masculine, singular - knowing", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*gennōsi*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd plural - they breed", "*machas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - quarrels" }, "variants": { "*mōras*": "foolish/stupid/senseless", "*apaideutous*": "ignorant/uninstructed/undisciplined", "*zētēseis*": "controversies/debates/disputes", "*paraitou*": "refuse/avoid/reject", "*eidōs*": "knowing/understanding/being aware", "*gennōsi*": "they breed/generate/produce", "*machas*": "quarrels/fights/conflicts" } }
  • 2 Tim 3:3 : 3 { "verseID": "2 Timothy.3.3", "source": "Ἄστοργοι, ἄσπονδοι, διάβολοι, ἀκρατεῖς, ἀνήμεροι, ἀφιλάγαθοι,", "text": "*Astorgoi*, *aspondoi*, *diaboloi*, *akrateis*, *anēmeroi*, *aphilagathoi*,", "grammar": { "*astorgoi*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - without natural affection", "*aspondoi*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - implacable/unforgiving", "*diaboloi*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - slanderous/false accusers", "*akrateis*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - without self-control", "*anēmeroi*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - fierce/savage", "*aphilagathoi*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, plural - not lovers of good" }, "variants": { "*astorgoi*": "without natural affection/unloving/heartless", "*aspondoi*": "implacable/irreconcilable/truce-breakers/unforgiving", "*diaboloi*": "slanderers/accusers/devils", "*akrateis*": "without self-control/incontinent/undisciplined", "*anēmeroi*": "fierce/brutal/savage/untamed", "*aphilagathoi*": "not lovers of good/hostile to good/despisers of good" } }
  • Titus 1:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Titus.1.7", "source": "Δεῖ γὰρ τὸν ἐπίσκοπον ἀνέγκλητον εἶναι, ὡς Θεοῦ οἰκονόμον· μὴ αὐθάδη, μὴ ὀργίλον, μὴ πάροινον, μὴ πλήκτην, μὴ αἰσχροκερδῆ·", "text": "For it is necessary the *episkopon anegklēton einai*, as *Theou oikonomon*; not *authadē*, not *orgilon*, not *paroinon*, not *plēktēn*, not *aischrokerdē*;", "grammar": { "*Dei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular, impersonal - it is necessary", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for", "*ton episkopon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the overseer/bishop", "*anegklēton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - above reproach/blameless", "*einai*": "present, active, infinitive - to be", "*hōs*": "adverb - as", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*oikonomon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - steward/manager", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*authadē*": "accusative, masculine, singular - self-willed/arrogant", "*orgilon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - quick-tempered/prone to anger", "*paroinon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - given to wine/drunkard", "*plēktēn*": "accusative, masculine, singular - striker/violent", "*aischrokerdē*": "accusative, masculine, singular - greedy for gain/fond of dishonest gain" }, "variants": { "*episkopon*": "overseer/bishop/supervisor", "*anegklēton*": "above reproach/blameless/unaccused", "*oikonomon*": "steward/manager/administrator", "*authadē*": "self-willed/arrogant/stubborn", "*orgilon*": "quick-tempered/prone to anger/irritable", "*paroinon*": "given to wine/drunkard/addicted to alcohol", "*plēktēn*": "striker/violent person/pugnacious", "*aischrokerdē*": "greedy for gain/fond of dishonest gain/pursuing sordid advantage" } }
  • Titus 2:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Titus.2.3", "source": "Πρεσβύτιδας ὡσαύτως, ἐν καταστήματι ἱεροπρεπεῖς, μὴ διαβόλους, μὴ οἴνῳ πολλῷ δεδουλωμένας, καλοδιδασκάλους·", "text": "*Presbutidas hōsautōs*, in *katastēmati hieroprepeis*, *mē diabolous*, *mē oinō pollō dedoulōmenas*, *kalodidaskalous*;", "grammar": { "*Presbutidas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - older women", "*hōsautōs*": "adverb - likewise/in the same way", "*katastēmati*": "dative, neuter, singular - behavior/demeanor/deportment", "*hieroprepeis*": "accusative, feminine, plural, adjective - reverent/as befits holy persons", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*diabolous*": "accusative, feminine, plural - slanderers/false accusers", "*oinō*": "dative, masculine, singular - wine", "*pollō*": "dative, masculine, singular, adjective - much/many", "*dedoulōmenas*": "perfect passive participle, accusative feminine plural - having been enslaved", "*kalodidaskalous*": "accusative, feminine, plural - teachers of good/good teachers" }, "variants": { "*Presbutidas*": "older women/aged women", "*katastēmati*": "behavior/demeanor/deportment/appearance", "*hieroprepeis*": "reverent/as befits holy persons/holy in behavior", "*diabolous*": "slanderers/false accusers/devils", "*dedoulōmenas*": "having been enslaved/addicted/given over to", "*kalodidaskalous*": "teachers of good things/good teachers" } }
  • 2 Pet 2:10-11 : 10 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.10", "source": "Μάλιστα δὲ τοὺς ὀπίσω σαρκὸς ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ μιασμοῦ πορευομένους, καὶ κυριότητος καταφρονοῦντας. Τολμηταί, αὐθάδεις, δόξας οὐ τρέμουσιν βλασφημοῦντες.", "text": "*Malista de tous opisō sarkos en epithymia miasmou poreuomenous, kai kyriotētos kataphronountas. Tolmētai, authadeis, doxas ou tremousin blasphēmountes*.", "grammar": { "*Malista*": "adverb (superlative) - 'especially/chiefly'", "*de*": "postpositive particle - 'but/and'", "*tous*": "accusative plural masculine article - 'those'", "*opisō sarkos*": "adverb + genitive singular feminine - 'after flesh'", "*en epithymia*": "preposition with dative singular feminine - 'in lust/desire'", "*miasmou*": "genitive singular masculine - 'of defilement'", "*poreuomenous*": "present middle participle, accusative plural masculine - 'going/walking'", "*kai*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*kyriotētos*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of authority/lordship'", "*kataphronountas*": "present active participle, accusative plural masculine - 'despising'", "*Tolmētai*": "nominative plural masculine - 'daring ones'", "*authadeis*": "nominative plural masculine - 'self-willed/arrogant'", "*doxas*": "accusative plural feminine - 'glories/dignities'", "*ou tremousin*": "negative + present indicative active, 3rd plural - 'do not tremble'", "*blasphēmountes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - 'blaspheming'" }, "variants": { "*Malista*": "especially/chiefly/above all", "*opisō sarkos*": "after the flesh/following corrupt nature", "*epithymia*": "lust/desire/craving/longing", "*miasmou*": "defilement/corruption/pollution", "*poreuomenous*": "going/walking/conducting themselves", "*kyriotētos*": "authority/lordship/dominion", "*kataphronountas*": "despising/disdaining/looking down on", "*Tolmētai*": "daring ones/presumptuous ones/bold ones", "*authadeis*": "self-willed/arrogant/stubborn/obstinate", "*doxas*": "glories/dignities/celestial beings/angelic powers", "*tremousin*": "tremble/fear/are afraid", "*blasphēmountes*": "blaspheming/slandering/speaking evil of" } } 11 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.11", "source": "Ὅπου ἄγγελοι, ἰσχύϊ καὶ δυνάμει μείζονες ὄντες, οὐ φέρουσιν κατʼ αὐτῶν παρὰ Κυρίῳ βλάσφημον κρίσιν.", "text": "*Hopou angeloi, ischyi kai dynamei meizoues ontes, ou pherousin kat' autōn para Kyriō blasphēmon krisin*.", "grammar": { "*Hopou*": "adverb - 'whereas/where'", "*angeloi*": "nominative plural masculine - 'angels'", "*ischyi*": "dative singular feminine - 'in strength'", "*kai*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*dynamei*": "dative singular feminine - 'in power'", "*meizoues*": "nominative plural masculine comparative - 'greater'", "*ontes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - 'being'", "*ou pherousin*": "negative + present indicative active, 3rd plural - 'do not bring'", "*kat' autōn*": "preposition with genitive plural - 'against them'", "*para Kyriō*": "preposition with dative singular masculine - 'before the Lord'", "*blasphēmon*": "accusative singular feminine - 'blasphemous/railing'", "*krisin*": "accusative singular feminine - 'judgment'" }, "variants": { "*Hopou*": "whereas/where/while", "*angeloi*": "angels/messengers", "*ischyi*": "strength/might/power", "*dynamei*": "power/might/ability", "*meizoues*": "greater/stronger/more powerful", "*ontes*": "being/existing", "*pherousin*": "bring/bear/carry", "*blasphēmon*": "blasphemous/railing/reviling/slanderous", "*krisin*": "judgment/accusation/condemnation" } }
  • 1 John 3:12 : 12 { "verseID": "1 John.3.12", "source": "Οὐ καθὼς Κάϊν, ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ ἦν, καὶ ἔσφαξεν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ. Καὶ χάριν τίνος ἔσφαξεν αὐτόν; Ὅτι τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ πονηρὰ ἦν, τὰ δὲ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ δίκαια.", "text": "Not as *Kain*, from the *ponērou ēn*, and *esphaxen* the *adelphon* of him. And for what reason *esphaxen* him? Because the *erga* of him *ponēra ēn*, but those of the *adelphou* of him *dikaia*.", "grammar": { "*Kain*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Cain", "*ponērou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - evil one", "*ēn*": "imperfect active, 3rd singular - was", "*esphaxen*": "aorist active, 3rd singular - slew/killed", "*adelphon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - brother", "*erga*": "nominative, neuter, plural - works", "*ponēra*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, plural - evil", "*adelphou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of brother", "*dikaia*": "adjective, nominative, neuter, plural - righteous" }, "variants": { "*ponērou*": "evil one/wicked one/the devil", "*esphaxen*": "slew/killed/slaughtered", "*adelphon*": "brother/fellow believer", "*erga*": "works/deeds/actions", "*ponēra*": "evil/wicked/bad", "*adelphou*": "brother's/fellow believer's", "*dikaia*": "righteous/just/upright" } }
  • 1 John 3:15 : 15 { "verseID": "1 John.3.15", "source": "Πᾶς ὁ μισῶν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ ἀνθρωποκτόνος ἐστίν: καὶ οἴδατε ὅτι πᾶς ἀνθρωποκτόνος οὐκ ἔχει ζωὴν αἰώνιον ἐν αὐτῷ μένουσαν.", "text": "Everyone *misōn* the *adelphon* of him *anthrōpoktonos estin*: and you *oidate* that every *anthrōpoktonos* not *echei zōēn aiōnion* in him *menousan*.", "grammar": { "*misōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - hating", "*adelphon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - brother", "*anthrōpoktonos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - murderer", "*estin*": "present active, 3rd singular - is", "*oidate*": "perfect active, 2nd plural - you know", "*echei*": "present active, 3rd singular - has", "*zōēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - life", "*aiōnion*": "accusative, feminine, singular - eternal", "*menousan*": "present active participle, accusative, feminine, singular - abiding" }, "variants": { "*misōn*": "hating/detesting", "*adelphon*": "brother/fellow believer", "*anthrōpoktonos*": "murderer/man-slayer", "*oidate*": "you know/understand (with certainty)", "*echei*": "has/holds/possesses", "*zōēn*": "life/existence", "*aiōnion*": "eternal/everlasting/age-lasting", "*menousan*": "abiding/remaining/continuing" } }
  • Jude 1:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Jude.1.8", "source": "Ὁμοίως μέντοι καὶ οὗτοι ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι σάρκα μὲν μιαίνουσιν, κυριότητα δὲ ἀθετοῦσιν, δόξας δὲ βλασφημοῦσιν.", "text": "*Homoiōs mentoi kai houtoi enypniazomenoi sarka men miainousin*, *kyriotēta de athetousin*, *doxas de blasphēmousin*.", "grammar": { "*Homoiōs*": "adverb - likewise", "*mentoi*": "conjunction - yet/however", "*houtoi*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural - these", "*enypniazomenoi*": "present middle participle, nominative, masculine, plural - dreaming", "*sarka*": "accusative, feminine, singular - flesh", "*men*": "particle - on the one hand", "*miainousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they defile", "*kyriotēta*": "accusative, feminine, singular - authority/dominion", "*de*": "particle - but/and on the other hand", "*athetousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they reject", "*doxas*": "accusative, feminine, plural - glories/dignities", "*blasphēmousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they blaspheme" }, "variants": { "*Homoiōs*": "likewise/similarly/in the same way", "*mentoi*": "yet/however/nevertheless", "*enypniazomenoi*": "dreaming/having dreams", "*sarka*": "flesh/body", "*miainousin*": "defile/pollute/corrupt", "*kyriotēta*": "authority/dominion/lordship", "*athetousin*": "reject/set aside/despise", "*doxas*": "glories/dignities/celestial beings", "*blasphēmousin*": "blaspheme/speak evil of/slander" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jude.1.9", "source": "Ὁ δὲ Μιχαὴλ ὁ ἀρχάγγελος, ὅτε τῷ διαβόλῳ διακρινόμενος διελέγετο περὶ τοῦ Μωϋσέως σώματος, οὐκ ἐτόλμησεν κρίσιν ἐπενεγκεῖν βλασφημίας, ἀλλʼ εἶπεν, Ἐπιτιμήσαι σοι Κύριος.", "text": "*Ho de Michaēl ho archangelos*, when *tō diabolō diakrinomenos dielegeto peri tou Mōuseōs sōmatos*, not *etolmēsen krisin epenegkein blasphēmias*, but *eipen*, \"*Epitimēsai soi Kyrios*.\"", "grammar": { "*Ho Michaēl ho archangelos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Michael the archangel", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*tō diabolō*": "dative, masculine, singular - with the devil", "*diakrinomenos*": "present middle participle, nominative, masculine, singular - disputing", "*dielegeto*": "imperfect middle indicative, 3rd person singular - was arguing", "*peri tou Mōuseōs sōmatos*": "prepositional phrase - about the body of Moses", "*etolmēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - dared", "*krisin epenegkein blasphēmias*": "accusative, feminine, singular with infinitive - to bring judgment of railing", "*eipen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - said", "*Epitimēsai*": "aorist active optative, 3rd person singular - may rebuke", "*soi*": "dative, singular - you", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord" }, "variants": { "*archangelos*": "archangel/chief angel", "*diabolō*": "devil/slanderer/accuser", "*diakrinomenos*": "disputing/contending/arguing", "*dielegeto*": "was arguing/was discussing/was reasoning", "*sōmatos*": "body/corpse", "*etolmēsen*": "dared/ventured/presumed", "*krisin*": "judgment/accusation", "*epenegkein*": "to bring/to pronounce", "*blasphēmias*": "of railing/of blasphemy/of slander", "*Epitimēsai*": "rebuke/admonish/censure" } } 10 { "verseID": "Jude.1.10", "source": "Οὗτοι δὲ ὅσα μὲν οὐκ οἴδασιν βλασφημοῦσιν: ὅσα δὲ φυσικῶς, ὡς τὰ ἄλογα ζῶα ἐπίστανται, ἐν τούτοις φθείρονται.", "text": "*Houtoi de hosa men ouk oidasin blasphēmousin*: *hosa de physikōs*, as the *aloga zōa epistantai*, *en toutois phtheirontai*.", "grammar": { "*Houtoi*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural - these", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but", "*hosa men*": "relative pronoun, accusative, neuter, plural - whatever things", "*ouk oidasin*": "perfect active indicative, 3rd person plural with negative - they do not know", "*blasphēmousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person plural - they blaspheme", "*hosa de*": "relative pronoun, accusative, neuter, plural - but whatever things", "*physikōs*": "adverb - naturally/instinctively", "*aloga zōa*": "nominative, neuter, plural - irrational animals", "*epistantai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd person plural - they understand", "*en toutois*": "prepositional phrase with dative - in these things", "*phtheirontai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they are corrupted" }, "variants": { "*oidasin*": "know/understand", "*blasphēmousin*": "blaspheme/speak evil of/slander", "*physikōs*": "naturally/instinctively/by instinct", "*aloga*": "irrational/unreasoning/brute", "*zōa*": "animals/creatures/beasts", "*epistantai*": "understand/know/comprehend", "*phtheirontai*": "are corrupted/are destroyed/are ruined" } }
  • Rev 12:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Revelation.12.10", "source": "Καὶ ἤκουσα φωνὴν μεγάλην λέγουσαν ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ, Ἄρτι ἐγένετο ἡ σωτηρία, καὶ ἡ δύναμις, καὶ ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν, καὶ ἡ ἐξουσία τοῦ Χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ: ὅτι κατἐβλήθη ὁ κατήγορος τῶν ἀδελφῶν ἡμῶν, ὁ κατηγορῶν αυτῶν ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν ἡμέρας καὶ νυκτός.", "text": "And *ēkousa phōnēn megalēn legousan* in the *ouranō*, *Arti egeneto* the *sōtēria*, and the *dynamis*, and the *basileia* of the *Theou* of us, and the *exousia* of the *Christou* of him: because *kateblēthē* the *katēgoros* of the *adelphōn* of us, the one *katēgorōn* them *enōpion* of the *Theou* of us *hēmeras* and *nyktos*.", "grammar": { "*ēkousa*": "aorist active, 1st singular - I heard", "*phōnēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - voice/sound", "*megalēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - great/loud", "*legousan*": "present active participle, accusative, feminine, singular - saying", "*ouranō*": "dative, masculine, singular - heaven", "*Arti*": "adverb - now/at this moment", "*egeneto*": "aorist middle, 3rd singular - has come", "*sōtēria*": "nominative, feminine, singular - salvation", "*dynamis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - power", "*basileia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - kingdom", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*exousia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - authority", "*Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Christ/Anointed One", "*kateblēthē*": "aorist passive, 3rd singular - has been cast down", "*katēgoros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - accuser", "*adelphōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - brothers", "*katēgorōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - accusing", "*enōpion*": "preposition + genitive - before/in the presence of", "*hēmeras*": "genitive, feminine, singular - day", "*nyktos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - night" }, "variants": { "*phōnēn*": "voice/sound/noise", "*sōtēria*": "salvation/deliverance/preservation", "*dynamis*": "power/might/strength", "*basileia*": "kingdom/reign/sovereignty", "*exousia*": "authority/power/right", "*katēgoros*": "accuser/prosecutor", "*adelphōn*": "brothers/siblings/kinsmen" } }